25 Phrases to Talk About Nature and Landscapes in English - Visual Vocabulary Lesson

视觉词汇 - 描绘风景和自然

Hi, I’m Martin.

嗨，我是Martin。

Welcome to Oxford Online English!

欢迎来到Oxford Online English！

In this visual vocabulary lesson, you can learn to describe landscapes, countryside

在本节视觉词汇课程里，您能学习 用英语来描述风景、

nature in English.

乡村和自然。

What does the countryside look like near your home?

您家附近的乡村景观是怎样的？

What kind of landscapes does your country have?

您的国家有些什么类型的风景？

Let’s see how you can answer these questions.

让我们看看您可以怎样回答这些问题。

I grew up in a small village in England.

我在英格兰的一个小村庄长大。

The countryside around there is very typically English: there are fields separated by stone

这周边的乡下是很典型的英式： 有被石墙或绿篱笆

walls or hedgerows, and rolling hills in the distance.

分隔开的田地，远处有连绵起伏的山丘。

A ‘hedge’ is something like a wall, or a fence, but made out of plants.

一个”hedge“ 是一些像是墙或围栏的 东西，但是是由植物做成的。

A ‘hedgerow’ is similar, but it’s used as a barrier between fields.

一个“hedgerow”是相似的，但是 是用来做田地间的一个屏障。

In Britain, farm fields are often surrounded by hedgerows.

在不列颠，农场田地通常是由 绿篱笆围起来的。

‘Rolling hills’ means low hills with gentle slopes.

“Rolling hills”意思是有缓坡的低矮山丘。

When I was a student, I studied in Canada for a year.

在我还是一个学生的时候， 我在加拿大学习了一年。

Although it wasn’t cold all year, my main memory is of these bleak, wintry landscapes,

尽管那不会一整年都是冷的，我主要的记忆 是那些荒凉、寒冷的风景，

full of never-ending pine forests.

满眼望去无止境的松树林。

‘Wintry’ is the adjective from ‘winter’.

“Wintry”是一个词根为“winter”的形容词，

You heard ‘wintry landscapes’; another common collocation is ‘wintry weather’.

您听到了“wintry landscapes”，另一个 常见的搭配组合是“wintry weather”。

‘Bleak’ means empty and cold.

“Bleak”意思是空旷、冷。

It has a negative meaning.

这是一个贬义词。

Bleak landscapes are not necessarily ugly, but they’re often depressing.

荒凉的风景不一定是丑的，但是他们 通常令人感到郁闷。

After I graduated, I took a road trip across the USA with a friend.

我毕业后，我和一个朋友驾车做穿越 美国的公路旅行。

It was interesting to see how the landscape changed as we drove.

在我们驾车时看到风景怎样变化是有趣的。

A lot of the USA is quite flat.

美国很多地方都很平坦。

There are these huge plains, which go on for miles.

有一些宽阔的平川，延伸数英里。

A ‘plain’ is a large, flat area of land without trees.

一个“plain”是一个宽阔的、平坦的 没有树木的陆地。

You can also use the word ‘grassland’ for a flat area which is covered with grass.

您也能用单词“grassland”来描述 一个被草覆盖的平地。

Further south, we passed through mountainous badlands.

更往南，我们穿过多山的恶地。

The mountains there have this weird liquid look, like someone

那儿的山区看上去像是某种怪异的 液体，像是某人刚浇到

just poured them onto the land.

土地上的。

It was a barren region, but beautiful nonetheless.

那是不毛之地，尽管如此，但是很美丽。

Have you ever heard the word ‘badlands’?

您曾听过“badlands”这个单词吗？

It describes a specific type of landscape which is made of soft rock which has been

那是用来描述一种由风化的软岩形成的

shaped by erosion.

特殊类型风景。

Badlands are generally quite bare – without many plants or trees – and often have steep-sided

恶地通常是非常空旷无遮掩的 – 没有 很多植物或树木 – 以及

hills.

常有陡峭的山丘。

Before, I used the word ‘barren’.

之前，我使用单词“barren”。

Do you know what that means?

您知道这是什么意思吗？

If something is barren, there are few plants or trees.

如果某些东西是不毛之地， 那有极少的植物或树木。

You could also use the word ‘bare’, which has a similar meaning here.

您也可以用单词“bare”， 在这有一个相似的意思。

We drove through Utah and Monument valley.

我们驾车穿过犹他和纪念碑谷。

It’s a rocky desert, with these incredible mesas and weird rock formations, like nothing

那是岩石沙漠，有着那些难以置信的 平顶山和奇怪的岩石形状，

I’ve seen elsewhere.

不像我之前在任何其他地方见到过的。

You can use the phrase ‘rock formation’ to refer to an interesting or unusual rock

您可以使用词组“rock formation” 去指一个有趣的或不常见的

structure.

石头构造。

One example is a mesa, which is a flat-topped rock formation with steep sides.

一个例子是一个平顶山，那是一种 平顶而陡峭的石头形状。

In California, we visited the redwood forests.

在加利福利亚， 我们参观了红衫木森林。

Of course, we have forests and woodland in England, but nothing like this.

当然，在英格兰，我们有森林和林地， 但是没有任何东西像是这样的。

The trees are enormous!

树木是非常巨大的。

You can use different words for land which is covered with trees.

您可以用不同的单词来描述 被树木覆盖的土地。

You heard ‘forest’ and ‘woodland’.

您听到了“forest”和“woodland”。

If you’re talking about a tropical forest, you can say ‘rainforest’ or ‘jungle’.

如果您在谈论一个热带森林， 您可以说“rainforest”或“jungle”。

You might also hear ‘wood’, as in ‘There’s a small wood next to the river.’

当紧靠河流的地方有小树林 时，您也许也听过“wood”。

Technically, a forest is bigger than a wood, but English speakers sometimes use the words

技术上说，一个森林是比一个小树林 要大的，但母语是英语的人有时

interchangeably.

互换使用单词。

We finished in Yosemite National Park, which is one of the most stunning places I’ve

我们在约塞米蒂国家公园结束行程， 那是我曾参观过的最

ever visited.

叹为观止的地方中的一个。

The highlight was this towering waterfall.

亮点是这个高耸的瀑布。

You can use the word ‘towering’ to describe natural features which are tall and impressive.

您能用单词“towering”来描述高而令人 印象深刻的自然景观特点。

‘Towering’ is usually a positive adjective.

“Towering”通常是一个褒义形容词。

You can have ‘towering mountains’, ‘towering cliffs’, or ‘towering trees.’

您能有“towering mountains”、“towering cliffs”、或是“towering trees”。

Now, I live in Germany, in a small town on the banks of a river.

现在，我住在德国，在河畔旁 的一个小镇。

The countryside is quite similar to England, with fields, forests, and lots of greenery.

乡村与英格兰是十分相似的，有田野、 森林和大量的绿色景观。

It’s pretty, at least, when the weather’s nice!

在天气很好时很漂亮。

Here’s a question: what’s the difference between ‘bank’, ‘shore’ and ‘coast’?

这有一个问题：“bank”、“shore”和 “coast”之间有什么区别？

They all mean a place where the land meets the water, but they’re not exactly the same.

他们所有都意味着一个水边的陆地， 但他们不是完全相同的。

Do you know the difference?

您知道区别吗？

Generally, you use ‘bank’ for the sides of rivers.

一般来说，您用“bank”来指河岸边。

‘Shore’ is mostly for lakes; ‘coast’ is for where the land meets the sea or the

“Shore”最多用来指湖边；“coast”是 指海边或大洋边，

ocean, although ‘shore’ is also possible in some contexts.

“shore”也有可能在一些场合被用来指海边。

Another useful word you heard here is ‘greenery’.

另一个您在这听到的有用单词 是“greenery”。

‘Greenery’ means plants in general.

一般来说，“Greenery”意思是指植被丛。

It could mean grass, flowers, trees, bushes, or a mix.

可以是草地、花丛、树丛、灌木丛或 一个混杂的植被丛。

If you come to Germany, you should try to visit Neuschwanstein castle.

如果您来到德国，您必须要去 参观新天鹅石城堡。

It’s in a beautiful setting, perched in the mountains.

它处于山区美丽的环境里。

The landscape all around is incredibly rugged and dramatic.

景观周边是难以置信地 高低起伏和梦幻。

If you want to describe mountainous terrain which is very steep and rocky, you can use

如果您想描述非常陡峭和多石的 山区地形，您可以用

the word ‘rugged’.

单词“rugged”。

You can also say ‘rugged coastline’.

您也能说“rugged coastline”。

If you describe landscape as ‘dramatic’, you mean that it’s impressive and beautiful.

如果您描述景观是“dramatic”，您的意思 是令人印象深刻的，美丽的。

It’s often used for wilder, more remote landscapes, like high mountains.

那常用于更野性的、更遥远的 景观，像是高山。

I like where I live, but my dream is to start my own business and work online, so I could

我喜欢我生活的地方，但是我的梦想是开始 我自己的生意和在线工作，这样我能

live by the sea, maybe on a Greek island, with sandy beaches and clear, turquoise water.

生活在海边，也许在有沙滩和清澈、 绿松石般海水的希腊岛。

‘Turquoise’ is a colour between blue and green.

“Turquoise”是一种介于蓝色和绿色之间的颜色。

It’s not that common in everyday conversation, but if you use it to describe water or the

这在日常对话里不常见，但是如果 您用它描述水或海，

sea, you usually mean that the water looks beautiful.

您通常意味着水看上去很漂亮。

What about you?

您觉得怎样？

If you live in a city, what’s the surrounding countryside like?

如果您生活在一个城市， 周边的乡村像是怎样的？

Are there forests, fields, or mountains?

有森林、田野或山区？

Do you live near the coast?

您生活在海岸边吗？

If you live in the countryside, describe it!

如果您生活在乡村，描述它！

Look out of your window; what does the landscape look like?

往您的窗户外看，风景 看上去像是什么？

Think about your answer.

考虑您的回答。

You can write it down, say it out loud, or put it in the video comments.

您可以写下来，大声地说出来， 或者写到影片的评论栏里。

Or, do all three!

或者，三样都做。

That’s all.

就这样了。

Thanks for watching!

感谢观看！