Learn English: BY or WITH?

Hello.

哈囉

My name is Emma, and in today's video I am going to answer your questions on:

我是艾瑪, 今天在影片中我要來回答你的問題在:

What is the difference between "by" and "with"?

"By" 及 "with"的差異性?

Many students make mistakes with "by" and "with", so in today's lesson I'm hoping to

很多的學員在使用"by"及"with"上的錯誤, 所以我希望在今天的課程中去

help you with this so you won't make so many mistakes and you'll understand:

幫助你們去使用了解而避開那麼多的錯誤.

What are the differences between these two words?

在這二個字中有什麼不同呢?

Okay, so to start with I have here some questions.

好的, 那就從我這些問題開始吧

I want you to think: Which ones are correct and which ones are not correct?

我要你想想:那些是對的及那些是錯的?

I also want you to think which sentences...

我也想讓你去思考這些句子.

Why are they correct?

為什對?

Okay?

So, why are they correct and why are they incorrect?

可以嗎?

所以, 為什麼對及為什麼錯呢?

So my first sentence: "I learn English by watching engVid."

第一個句子:"我看ENGVID來學英文."

Compare this to: "I learn English with watching engVid."

比對這個:"I learn English with watching engVid."

Which one do you think is the correct form?

你想那一個是正確的組態?

Do we use "by" or do we use "with"?

我是要用"by"或"with"呢?

Okay.

好的.

If you said: "I learn English by watching engVid." you are correct.

假如你說" "I learn English by watching engVid." 那你就對了.

Okay? And I will explain why in the next part of this video.

Okay? 我將在以下的影片來說明為什麼.

So: "I learn English with watching engVid."

所以:"I learn English with watching engVid."

no, we don't use that.

不行, 那句子我們不能用.

Okay, so what about the next two?

Okay, 那關於下面二句呢?

"I write with a pen.", "I write by a pen."

"I write with a pen.", "I write by a pen."

Which one do you think is the correct sentence, and which one is incorrect and why?

你想那一個對的那一個是錯的?為什麼?

Okay, if you said: "I write with a pen." you are correct.

Okay, 如困你說:"I write with a pen."那你對了.

In this case this is the correct one.

在這個句形中是正確的句子.

And: "I write by a pen." this is-enh-incorrect.

並且"I write by a pen."這是不對的.

So, before we talk about some of the differences, let's talk about the similarities.

所以,之前我說的不同之處. 讓我談談相似的地方.

How are "by" and "with" the same?

"by" and "with"有何相同嗎?

Well, they both answer the question: How?

很好, 他們都是用如何來問問題?

Okay? So they're both the answer to the question: How?

Okay? 很好, 他們都是用如何來問問題?

How do you learn English?

你如何學習英文的?

I learn English by watching engVid.

I learn English by watching engVid.

I learn English by reading my dictionary every night.

我每晚讀字異典來學英文.

That's probably not a good idea, but I learn English by talking to people.

這或許不是一好的主意, 但我跟人交談來學英文.

Okay? So that's answering how you do something.

可以嗎? 所以那是回答你如何做.

Similarly with "with", it also answers the question: How?

"with"類似, 也是用HOW來問問題?

How do you write?

你如何寫字?

Well, I write with a pen.

Well, 我用筆寫字.

How do you eat dinner?

你如何吃晚餐?

I eat dinner with a fork. Okay?

我用叉子吃晚餐, Okay?

Or I eat dinner with chopsticks.

或我用筷子吃晚餐

So they both answer the same question: How?

所以他們用HOW回答相同問題?

But they are a little bit different, so let's look at these differences now.

但他們有點不同, 所以現在讓我來看這些差異.

Okay, so let's look at some example sentences with "by".

Okay, 所以讓我們一些"by"的例句.

"I turn on the computer by pushing the on button."

"I turn on the computer by pushing the on button."

Okay? So this is, again, answering the question: How?

Okay? 又再次使用HOW?來問問題.

How do you turn on the computer?

你如何打開電腦?

Well, I turn on the computer by pushing the on button.

Well, 我按開鈕來開電腦.

I want you to take a moment to look at this sentence.

我要你花點時間去看看這個句子.

What comes after "by"?

"by"後面接什麼?

We have here "pushing".

這裡"pushing"

"Pushing" is a verb. Okay?

"Pushing" 是個動詞. Okay?

So I'm just going to underline this.

所以我在這下方劃底線.

So we often use...

我常用...

After "by" we often have a verb when we're explaining how something is done.

在"by"後當我們說明去完成事情時我們常接一個動詞.

Let's look at another example.

讓我們看其他例子吧.

"I keep healthy by exercising."

我靠運動來維持健康.

So, again, after "by" you'll notice we have a verb: "exercise". Okay?

所以再次, 在"by"後我接一個 "exercise"動詞, Okay?

In this case it's "exercising".

在這裡它用"exercising"

So, one of the first things to notice is after "by" we often have a verb.

所以從這裡的第一次事要去注意的是"by" 後,我們常接動詞.

I have here: "by verb", but that's not all.

這裡 "by verb", 那不是全部都是.

If you look at the verb, what form is the verb in?

如果你看動詞,動詞組態是什麼?

Well, take a moment.

Well, 什息一下.

What do "pushing" and "exercising" have in common?

"pushing" and "exercising"有什麼共通點?

They both end in "ing", so I'm going to write here: "ing".

他們後面都接"ing", 所以將在這裡寫上"ing".

Okay?

Okay?

So we use "by", after "by" comes a verb, and then comes "ing".

所以我使用 "by", "by"後接動詞並接上"ing".

You know: How do you keep clean?

你知道:你如何保持整潔?

I keep clean by showering.

我用淋浴來保持整潔.

How do you study?

你如何學習?

I study by...

我用...來學習

Well, not hanging out with my friends, that would be terrible for studying.

好吧，不和我的朋友一起出去，這將是可怕的學習。

I study by reading over my notes.

我透過我的筆記來學習.

Okay? So after "by" we have the verb and "ing".

Okay? 所以"by"的後面會加上動詞及"ing".

So let's do one together.

所以, 讓我再一個例句.

"I learned karate (or karate) by _________ YouTube."

"I learned karate (or karate) by _________ YouTube."

What do you think the verb would be?

你想這個動詞會是什麼嗎?

We could say: "by watch".

我可以說:"by watch".

Is that right? "...by watch YouTube"?

那是對的嗎?...by watch YouTube"?

No, we need the "ing", perfect.

不, 我們需加"ing". 才完美.

"I learned karate by watching YouTube."

"我看YouTube.來學習空手道."

Okay? So, again, this is very useful because any time you're explaining how, if you have a

Okay?所以再次的. 這是非常實用的因為在任何時候你將用HOW來解釋, 假如你有個動詞

verb and "by" then you can explain how you do something.

及"by"來說你做些事情.

Okay, now let's look at some of...

Okay, 現在讓我再看一些例子

Some more differences between "with" and "by".

"with" and "by"有許多不同的地方.

So before I begin teaching you more about "by" and "with", I just want to say that these

在這之前, 我將開始教你更多有關with" and "by". 我只想說一般的規則,

are the general rules, and there are always times in English when rules are broken or

及英文總有時不按規則

when there are exceptions.

或例外時.

Okay? And so these are the most basic of the rules with "by" and "with".

Okay? "by" and "with"使用在大多基本的規則.

Okay, so now let's look at when we're talking about a noun.

Okay, 所以現在讓我們看看當我談論一名詞.

We've just talked about using "by" with a verb ending in "ing" to answer how to do something.

我們只討論"by"的使用接一動詞加"ing"去回應事件.

Well, we can also talk about how...

Well, 我們也可以討論HOW..

When...

When...

By using a noun.

用在一個名詞.

So, to remind you what a noun is, it's usually a person, a place, a thing, or maybe an idea.

So, 提醒你一個是什麼名詞, 它通常是, 地方, 或一個想法.

So let's look at some examples.

讓我們看看一些例子.

Oh, before we get to some examples, one of the major rules when we come to "by" is we

Oh, 在我們看例子前, 當我用"by"時的主要規則是,

often use it with communication. Okay?

我們常常使用它在通信(溝通)上, Okay?

So when we're talking about how we communicate, we usually use "by".

所以當我們談論通信(溝通)時, 我們時常用"by".

We also use "by" a lot when we're talking about transportation.

當我們談交通工具我們也多用"by".

There are also a lot of other exceptions, but the main ones that I want you to know

也有許多例外, 但我想要你知道最主的用法.

for now is when we're talking about transportation and communication.

在我們談論交通工具及通信(溝通).

So, for example: "I will contact you by email."

So, 例如: "我將用電子郵件與你聯絡.

"Email" is an example of a noun.

"Email"是一個名詞例句.

Okay? So this is not a verb.

Okay? 所以不是個動詞.

In this case this is a noun.

在這個例子中這是個名詞.

"I will contact you by email."

"I will contact you by email."

And email is a form of communication.

及email是個通信(溝通)形式.

We can change this to: "I will contact you by phone.", "I will contact you by Messenger.",

我們可以變化如: "I will contact you by phone." (電話), "I will contact you by Messenger."(簡訊),

"I will contact you by pigeon."

"I will contact you by pigeon."(鴿子)

That would never happen, but just an example of what I mean by communication.

那是不會發生, 但只是我解釋通信(溝通)的一個例句.

"I will message you by text."

"我將用文字發簡訊給你"

Okay? So, again, these are communicated-based.

Okay? 再次, 這些都是通信(溝通).

Then we use "by" for transportation when we're talking about nouns.

然而當我們談名詞我們也用"by"在交通工具上.

So, what are some examples of nouns for transportation?

So, 那些名詞例子是用交通工具上.

We have buses, subways, bikes, boats, airplanes, ferries.

有公車, 地鐵, 腳踏車, 船, 飛機, 郵輪.

Okay?

Okay?

These...

這些...

Motorcycle, taxi, Uber.

摩托車, 計程車, Uber.

These are all forms of transportation and they're all nouns.

這些都是交通工具名詞.

So we can use "by" when we're talking about these nouns.

當我談到這些名詞我也用"by".

"I will go by bus.",

"我搭公車過去."

"I came by car."

"我搭車來."

You'll also notice something.

你也將注意到.

When we use "by" and we're using a noun, we don't usually have the article there.

當我們用"by"及名詞, 我們通常不在這裡放一冠詞.

So I don't say: "I will go by a bus." or "I came by a car."

所以我不說:"I will go by a bus." or "I came by a car."

It's usually without any article.

它通常沒有冠詞.

"I will go by bus."

"I will go by bus."

So there's no "the", no "a" here.

所以這裡沒有"the",沒有"a".

"I will go by subway.", "I will go by airplane.", "I will go by bike."

"I will go by subway.", "I will go by airplane.", "I will go by bike."

Okay?

Okay?

So, again, we often use "by" with nouns when we're talking about communication or transportation,

再次, 當我們談論通信及交通工具的名詞時我常會用"by".

and then there are some other times we talk about them, various exceptions also, but this

以及有幾次我們談到它們, 也有幾種例外, 但這

is the main rule.

是主要的規則.

So now let's look at "how".

所以現在讓我們來看看"how".

I mean not "how", "with".

我指不是"how", 是"with".

Let's look at "with".

讓我們來看看"with".

Okay, so now let's talk about "with".

Okay, 所以現在讓我們談"with".

So just like "by", "with" answers the same question: How do you do something?

有點像"by", "with"回應相同問題. 你如何做事?

Okay? So the question is: How?

Okay? 所以問題用:How?

So I have here some examples.

So 我這有些例子.

How do Italians talk?

意大利人怎麼說？

Well, you know, they talk in different ways, but: "Italians talk with their hands."

好, 你知道,他們以不同的方式說，但：“意大利人用手說話。

for example.

例如.

How do you point?

你如何指出?

"I point with my fingers."

"我用我的手指指出來."

Okay.

Okay.

So, these are some examples with "with".

所以, 這些用"with"的例子.

So when we were talking about "by", we looked at "by" followed by a verb and followed by

而當我們正在談論"by", 我們看"by" 接一個動訶及接名詞,

nouns, and we talked about how the nouns usually have to do with communication or transportation.

以及我們談通常名詞需用於通信或交通工具.

With "with" we use it usually with a noun.

"with"我們通常接一個名詞.

So, again, a noun is a person, place, or thing, like "hands" is a noun, "fingers" is a noun.

所以再次. 名詞是一個人, 地方, 事物, 像"手"是個名詞, "手指"是個名詞.

And we usually use "with"...

及我們通常使用"with"...

And again I'm saying usually because there's a lot of other cases we use it, but this is

再次我通常說因為有很多其它例子我們使用, 目這是

the main rule.

最主的規則.

We use "with" with body parts, with...

我們用"with"在身體部位, 用....

When we're talking about tools or different instruments.

當我們談有關工具或不同機器.

Okay?

Okay?

So, for example: "Italians talk with their hands."

所以,例如:"義大利人用他們的手來溝通."

So we have "with" here and we have a body part: "hands".

所以我們用"with"在這及我們有身體的部位"手".

Maybe, you know, people who are deaf often talk with their hands.

也許, 你知道, 聾人常用他們的手來交談.

"I point with my fingers.", "I point with my toes."

"我用我的手來指出", "我用我的腳指來點"

Okay? So, again, we have another body part: "fingers".

Okay? 再次, 我們有另一個身體部份"手指".

"I think with my brain.", "I smile with my teeth and lips.", "I run with my legs."

"我用我的腦來思考", "我用我的牙齒及嘴唇來微笑", 我用我的雙腿跑步".

Okay? So we use it for body parts.

Okay? 所以我使用在身體的部份.

We can also use it when we're talking about tools or instruments.

當我們談論工具或機器,我們也可以使用它.

So when I'm talking about instruments I'm talking about things we use.

所以當我談有關機械. 我談論事物我們用.

"I cleaned the floor..."

"我打掃地板".

How? How did you clean the floor?

How? 你如何打掃地板?

"Well, I cleaned the floor with a mop."

"好, 我用托把打掃地板"

So a mop is like a tool or an instrument.

所用托把像個工具或一個器具.

You can say: "I cleaned the floor with a broom.", "I cleaned the floor with a dustpan.",

你可以說: "我用掃把打掃地板", "我用畚斗打掃地板".

"I ate dinner with a fork."

"我用刀叉吃晚餐".

So this is answering: How did you eat dinner?

所以這個回覆. 你如何吃晚餐?

"I ate dinner with chopsticks.", "I ate dinner with a spoon."

"我用筷子吃晚餐". "我用湯匙吃晚餐".

Okay?

Okay?

How did you cook?

你如何煮東西?

"I cooked with a microwave.", "I cooked with a pot.", "I cooked with an oven."

"我用微波爐烹飪", "我用鍋子烹飪", "我用烤箱烹飪".

You know: How did you camp?

你知道: 你如何露營?

"I camped with a tent."

"我用帳篷去露營".

So we use this a lot of the times when we're talking about body parts, tools, or instruments;

所以我們使用這麼多次當我談有關身體部位, 工具, 或器具.;

things that help you do things.

事物幫助你做事.

Okay, so we've covered a lot of ground here.

Okay?

We've covered "by" with verbs, we've covered "by" with nouns, and we've covered "with"

我們已經包含"by"用在動詞, 名詞及我們包含"with"

with nouns.

接名詞.

So I want to invite you to come check out our website at www.engvid.com.

所以我想邀請你來查證我們的網站: www.engvid.com.

There, you can actually do a quiz to practice everything you learned in this video.

這裡, 你可以實際做個小測驗來練翵. 你們在這個影片來學習.

Okay?

Okay?

You know, there's a lot of information here so I really hope you practice these things.

你知道, 這裡有很多資訊. 所以我實在希望你去練習這些.

I also want to invite you to subscribe to my YouTube channel.

我也想要邀請你去訂閱我的YouTube頻道.

There, you can find a lot of other resources about grammar, pronunciation, conversation, listening,

這裡, 你可以找到許多資源有關於文法, 發音, 對話, 聽力,

and all things English.

並且都是英文.

So until next time, thank you for watching and take care.

所以到下次時, 謝謝你的觀看及照顧.