Learn English: BY or WITH?

5,513,939 views ใƒป 2016-11-05

English with Emma


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:01
Hello.
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
00:02
My name is Emma, and in today's video I am going to answer your questions on:
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์ œ ์ด๋ฆ„์€ Emma์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋น„๋””์˜ค์—์„œ๋Š”
00:07
What is the difference between "by" and "with"?
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"by"์™€ "with"์˜ ์ฐจ์ด์ ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋‹ต๋ณ€ํ•ด ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:12
Many students make mistakes with "by" and "with", so in today's lesson I'm hoping to
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๋งŽ์€ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด "by"์™€ "with"๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ˆ˜์—…์—์„œ
00:18
help you with this so you won't make so many mistakes and you'll understand:
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งŽ์€ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋„๋ก ๋„์›€์„ ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ์ž ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
00:22
What are the differences between these two words?
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์ด ๋‘ ๋‹จ์–ด์˜ ์ฐจ์ด์ ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
00:25
Okay, so to start with I have here some questions.
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์ž, ์šฐ์„  ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:30
I want you to think: Which ones are correct and which ones are not correct?
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค: ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋งž๊ณ  ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์ด ์˜ณ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
00:36
I also want you to think which sentences...
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์–ด๋–ค ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด...
00:39
Why are they correct?
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์™œ ๋งž๋Š”์ง€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:41
Okay?
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00:41
So, why are they correct and why are they incorrect?
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์ข‹์•„์š”?
๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์™œ ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ณ  ์™œ ํ‹€๋ ธ์„๊นŒ์š”?
00:45
So my first sentence: "I learn English by watching engVid."
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚ด ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ "๋‚˜๋Š” engVid๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ฉด์„œ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์›๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:49
Compare this to: "I learn English with watching engVid."
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์ด๊ฒƒ์„ "๋‚˜๋Š” engVid๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ฉด์„œ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์›๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."์™€ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
00:54
Which one do you think is the correct form?
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์–ด๋Š ๊ฒƒ์ด ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ํ˜•์‹์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
00:57
Do we use "by" or do we use "with"?
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"by"๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด "with"๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
01:01
Okay.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
01:02
If you said: "I learn English by watching engVid." you are correct.
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"๋‚˜๋Š” engVid๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ฉด์„œ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์›๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด. ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ์ง€.
01:07
Okay? And I will explain why in the next part of this video.
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์ข‹์•„์š”? ์ด ๋น„๋””์˜ค์˜ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์—์„œ ๊ทธ ์ด์œ ๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:11
So: "I learn English with watching engVid."
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ: "๋‚˜๋Š” engVid๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ฉด์„œ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šด๋‹ค."
01:15
no, we don't use that.
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์•„๋‹ˆ์š”, ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:17
Okay, so what about the next two?
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์ข‹์•„, ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋‘ ๊ฐœ๋Š” ์–ด๋•Œ?
01:19
"I write with a pen.", "I write by a pen."
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"ํŽœ์œผ๋กœ ์”๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.", "ํŽœ์œผ๋กœ ์”๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
01:25
Which one do you think is the correct sentence, and which one is incorrect and why?
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์–ด๋Š ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด ๋งž๊ณ  ์–ด๋Š ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด ํ‹€๋ ธ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”? ๊ทธ ์ด์œ ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
01:30
Okay, if you said: "I write with a pen." you are correct.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, "๋‚˜๋Š” ํŽœ์œผ๋กœ ์”๋‹ˆ๋‹ค." ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ์ง€.
01:35
In this case this is the correct one.
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ •๋‹ต์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:37
And: "I write by a pen." this is-enh-incorrect.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  : "๋‚˜๋Š” ํŽœ์œผ๋กœ ์”๋‹ˆ๋‹ค." ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฐจ์ด์ ์—
01:42
So, before we talk about some of the differences, let's talk about the similarities.
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๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ์œ ์‚ฌ์ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
01:47
How are "by" and "with" the same?
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"by"์™€ "with"๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ™์€๊ฐ€์š”?
01:51
Well, they both answer the question: How?
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๊ธ€์Ž„, ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€๋‹ตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ?
01:55
Okay? So they're both the answer to the question: How?
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์ข‹์•„์š”? ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ๋‹ค์Œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‹ต์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ?
01:58
How do you learn English?
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์˜์–ด๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋‚˜์š”?
02:01
I learn English by watching engVid.
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์ €๋Š” engVid๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ฉด์„œ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์›๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:05
I learn English by reading my dictionary every night.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋งค์ผ ๋ฐค ์‚ฌ์ „์„ ์ฝ์œผ๋ฉด์„œ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šด๋‹ค .
02:09
That's probably not a good idea, but I learn English by talking to people.
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์ข‹์€ ์ƒ๊ฐ์€ ์•„๋‹์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด์ง€๋งŒ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ๋Œ€ํ™”ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์›๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:14
Okay? So that's answering how you do something.
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์ข‹์•„์š”? ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋Œ€๋‹ต์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:18
Similarly with "with", it also answers the question: How?
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"with"์™€ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ " ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ?"๋ผ๋Š” ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‹ต๋ณ€๋„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:23
How do you write?
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๋„ˆ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์จ?
02:25
Well, I write with a pen.
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๊ธ€์Ž„, ๋‚˜๋Š” ํŽœ์œผ๋กœ ์“ด๋‹ค.
02:27
How do you eat dinner?
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์ €๋…์€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋จน๋‚˜์š”?
02:31
I eat dinner with a fork. Okay?
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๋‚˜๋Š” ํฌํฌ๋กœ ์ €๋…์„ ๋จน์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”?
02:33
Or I eat dinner with chopsticks.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์ “๊ฐ€๋ฝ์œผ๋กœ ์ €๋…์„ ๋จน์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:36
So they both answer the same question: How?
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ๊ฐ™์€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€๋‹ตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ?
02:40
But they are a little bit different, so let's look at these differences now.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ด์ œ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด์ ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:45
Okay, so let's look at some example sentences with "by".
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์ž, "by"๊ฐ€ ํฌํ•จ๋œ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฌธ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:49
"I turn on the computer by pushing the on button."
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" ์ผœ๊ธฐ ๋ฒ„ํŠผ์„ ๋ˆŒ๋Ÿฌ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ผญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
02:55
Okay? So this is, again, answering the question: How?
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์ข‹์•„์š”? ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋‹ตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ?
02:59
How do you turn on the computer?
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์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ผœ๋‚˜์š”?
03:01
Well, I turn on the computer by pushing the on button.
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๊ธ€์Ž„, ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ผœ๊ธฐ ๋ฒ„ํŠผ์„ ๋ˆŒ๋Ÿฌ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ผญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:07
I want you to take a moment to look at this sentence.
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์ž ์‹œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋‚ด์–ด ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋ณด์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:09
What comes after "by"?
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"by" ๋’ค์— ์˜ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
03:13
We have here "pushing".
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— "ํ‘ธ์‹œ"๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:14
"Pushing" is a verb. Okay?
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"๋ฐ€๋‹ค"๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”?
03:17
So I'm just going to underline this.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์— ๋ฐ‘์ค„์„ ๊ธ‹๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:20
So we often use...
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ข…์ข…...์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:21
After "by" we often have a verb when we're explaining how something is done.
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"by" ๋’ค์—๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ์ž‘์—…์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰๋˜๋Š”์ง€ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•  ๋•Œ ์ข…์ข… ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:27
Let's look at another example.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:29
"I keep healthy by exercising."
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"๋‚˜๋Š” ์šด๋™์œผ๋กœ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์„ ์ง€ํ‚จ๋‹ค."
03:34
So, again, after "by" you'll notice we have a verb: "exercise". Okay?
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๋‹ค์‹œ "by" ๋’ค์— "exercise"๋ผ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”?
03:39
In this case it's "exercising".
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ "์šด๋™"์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:42
So, one of the first things to notice is after "by" we often have a verb.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋จผ์ € ์•Œ์•„์ฐจ๋ ค์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” "by" ๋’ค์— ์ข…์ข… ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:48
I have here: "by verb", but that's not all.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— "๋™์‚ฌ๋กœ"๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์ „๋ถ€๋Š” ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:52
If you look at the verb, what form is the verb in?
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๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ฉด ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ค ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
03:56
Well, take a moment.
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์ž, ์ž ์‹œ๋งŒ์š”.
03:57
What do "pushing" and "exercising" have in common?
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"๋ฐ€๊ธฐ"์™€ "์šด๋™"์˜ ๊ณตํ†ต์ ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
04:01
They both end in "ing", so I'm going to write here: "ing".
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๋‘˜ ๋‹ค "ing"์œผ๋กœ ๋๋‚˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— "ing"์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:09
Okay?
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์ข‹์•„์š”?
04:10
So we use "by", after "by" comes a verb, and then comes "ing".
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” "by"๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "by" ๋‹ค์Œ์— ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์˜ค๊ณ  "ing"์ด ์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:17
You know: How do you keep clean?
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์•Œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ: ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ฒญ๊ฒฐ์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
04:20
I keep clean by showering.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ƒค์›Œ๋กœ ์ฒญ๊ฒฐ์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•œ๋‹ค.
04:23
How do you study?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
04:27
I study by...
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ณต๋ถ€๋ฅผ...
04:29
Well, not hanging out with my friends, that would be terrible for studying.
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์Œ, ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค๊ณผ ์–ด์šธ๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ธฐ์— ๋”์ฐํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋…ธํŠธ๋ฅผ
04:32
I study by reading over my notes.
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์ฝ์œผ๋ฉด์„œ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
04:36
Okay? So after "by" we have the verb and "ing".
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์ข‹์•„์š”? ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ "by" ๋’ค์— ๋™์‚ฌ์™€ "ing"์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:40
So let's do one together.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๊ฐ™์ด ํ•˜๋‚˜ ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
04:42
"I learned karate (or karate) by _________ YouTube."
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"์ €๋Š” _________ YouTube์—์„œ ๊ฐ€๋ผ๋ฐ(๋˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋ผ๋ฐ)๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์› ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ." ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€
04:47
What do you think the verb would be?
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๋ญ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์„ธ์š” ?
04:51
We could say: "by watch".
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"์‹œ๊ณ„๋กœ"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:57
Is that right? "...by watch YouTube"?
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๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? "... YouTube ์‹œ์ฒญ"?
04:59
No, we need the "ing", perfect.
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์•„๋‹ˆ์š”, ์™„๋ฒฝํ•œ "ing"์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:03
"I learned karate by watching YouTube."
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" ์œ ํŠœ๋ธŒ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ณ  ๊ฐ€๋ผ๋ฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์› ๋‹ค."
05:06
Okay? So, again, this is very useful because any time you're explaining how, if you have a
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์ข‹์•„์š”? ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์œ ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•  ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค
05:11
verb and "by" then you can explain how you do something.
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๋™์‚ฌ์™€ "by"๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:16
Okay, now let's look at some of...
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์ด์ œ
05:18
Some more differences between "with" and "by".
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"with"์™€ "by"์˜ ์ฐจ์ด์ ์„ ์ข€ ๋” ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:22
So before I begin teaching you more about "by" and "with", I just want to say that these
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ "by"์™€ "with"์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋” ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— , ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด
05:27
are the general rules, and there are always times in English when rules are broken or
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๊ทœ์น™์ด๋ฉฐ ์˜์–ด์—๋Š” ๊ทœ์น™์ด ๊นจ์ง€๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
05:33
when there are exceptions.
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์˜ˆ์™ธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:34
Okay? And so these are the most basic of the rules with "by" and "with".
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์ข‹์•„์š”? ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด "by"์™€ "with"๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ๊ทœ์น™์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:40
Okay, so now let's look at when we're talking about a noun.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ๋ฅผ ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
05:43
We've just talked about using "by" with a verb ending in "ing" to answer how to do something.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ "ing"์œผ๋กœ ๋๋‚˜๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ "by"๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:50
Well, we can also talk about how...
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ...
05:53
When...
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์–ธ์ œ...
05:54
By using a noun.
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๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:55
So, to remind you what a noun is, it's usually a person, a place, a thing, or maybe an idea.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์ƒ๊ธฐ์‹œํ‚ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ, ์žฅ์†Œ, ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ ๋˜๋Š” ์•„์ด๋””์–ด์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:03
So let's look at some examples.
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๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:06
Oh, before we get to some examples, one of the major rules when we come to "by" is we
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์˜ค, ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์ „์— "by"์— ์˜ฌ ๋•Œ ์ฃผ์š” ๊ทœ์น™ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š”
06:12
often use it with communication. Okay?
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์ข…์ข… ์˜์‚ฌ ์†Œํ†ต๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”?
06:15
So when we're talking about how we communicate, we usually use "by".
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์˜์‚ฌ์†Œํ†ต ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ ๋ณดํ†ต "by"๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:20
We also use "by" a lot when we're talking about transportation.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ตํ†ต ์ˆ˜๋‹จ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ๋„ "by"๋ฅผ ๋งŽ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
06:24
There are also a lot of other exceptions, but the main ones that I want you to know
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋งŽ์€ ์˜ˆ์™ธ๋„ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์ง€๊ธˆ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์•Œ์•„๋‘์…จ์œผ๋ฉด ํ•˜๋Š” ์ฃผ์š” ์‚ฌํ•ญ์€
06:28
for now is when we're talking about transportation and communication.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ตํ†ต๊ณผ ํ†ต์‹ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
06:32
So, for example: "I will contact you by email."
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด " ์ด๋ฉ”์ผ๋กœ ์—ฐ๋ฝ ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
06:39
"Email" is an example of a noun.
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"์ด๋ฉ”์ผ"์€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์˜ ์˜ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:42
Okay? So this is not a verb.
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์ข‹์•„์š”? ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:44
In this case this is a noun.
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:46
"I will contact you by email."
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"์ด๋ฉ”์ผ๋กœ ์—ฐ๋ฝ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
06:50
And email is a form of communication.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๋ฉ”์ผ์€ ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆ์ผ€์ด์…˜์˜ ํ•œ ํ˜•ํƒœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:53
We can change this to: "I will contact you by phone.", "I will contact you by Messenger.",
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"์ „ํ™”๋กœ ์—ฐ๋ฝํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .", "๋ฉ”์‹ ์ €๋กœ ์—ฐ๋ฝํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.",
06:59
"I will contact you by pigeon."
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"๋น„๋‘˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ์—ฐ๋ฝํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."๋กœ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:02
That would never happen, but just an example of what I mean by communication.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์€ ๊ฒฐ์ฝ” ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ์˜์‚ฌ์†Œํ†ต์˜ ํ•œ ์˜ˆ์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:07
"I will message you by text."
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"๋ฌธ์ž๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
07:11
Okay? So, again, these are communicated-based.
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์ข‹์•„์š”? ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์˜์‚ฌ ์†Œํ†ต ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:14
Then we use "by" for transportation when we're talking about nouns.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ ์šด์†ก ์ˆ˜๋‹จ์œผ๋กœ "by"๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
07:19
So, what are some examples of nouns for transportation?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ตํ†ต ๋ช…์‚ฌ์˜ ์˜ˆ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ?
07:23
We have buses, subways, bikes, boats, airplanes, ferries.
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๋ฒ„์Šค, ์ง€ํ•˜์ฒ , ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ, ๋ณดํŠธ, ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ, ํŽ˜๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:28
Okay?
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์ข‹์•„์š”?
07:29
These...
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์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค...
07:30
Motorcycle, taxi, Uber.
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์˜คํ† ๋ฐ”์ด, ํƒ์‹œ, Uber.
07:32
These are all forms of transportation and they're all nouns.
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์ด๋“ค์€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ตํ†ต ์ˆ˜๋‹จ ์ด๋ฉฐ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:37
So we can use "by" when we're talking about these nouns.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ "by"๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
07:42
"I will go by bus.",
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"๋ฒ„์Šค๋กœ ๊ฐ€๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.",
07:45
"I came by car."
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"์ฐจ๋กœ ์™”์–ด์š”."
07:48
You'll also notice something.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋˜ํ•œ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์•Œ์•„ ์ฐจ๋ฆด ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:50
When we use "by" and we're using a noun, we don't usually have the article there.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ "by"๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๋•Œ๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ด€์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:56
So I don't say: "I will go by a bus." or "I came by a car."
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚˜๋Š” "๋ฒ„์Šค๋กœ ๊ฐˆ๊ฒŒ"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋˜๋Š” "์ฐจ๋กœ ์™”์–ด์š”."
08:02
It's usually without any article.
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:04
"I will go by bus."
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"๋ฒ„์Šค๋กœ ๊ฐˆ๊ฒŒ."
08:06
So there's no "the", no "a" here.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” "the"๋„, "a"๋„ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:09
"I will go by subway.", "I will go by airplane.", "I will go by bike."
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"์ง€ํ•˜์ฒ ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.", " ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.", "์ž์ „๊ฑฐ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
08:14
Okay?
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์ข‹์•„์š”?
08:15
So, again, we often use "by" with nouns when we're talking about communication or transportation,
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์˜์‚ฌ์†Œํ†ต์ด๋‚˜ ์šด์†ก์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ "by"๋ฅผ ์ž์ฃผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ 
08:21
and then there are some other times we talk about them, various exceptions also, but this
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์—๋„ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์˜ˆ์™ธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด
08:27
is the main rule.
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์ฃผ์š” ๊ทœ์น™์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:28
So now let's look at "how".
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์ด์ œ "๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•"์„ ์‚ดํŽด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:30
I mean not "how", "with".
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๋‚˜๋Š” "์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ"๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ "ํ•จ๊ป˜"๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:31
Let's look at "with".
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"with"๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์ž.
08:34
Okay, so now let's talk about "with".
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ์ด์ œ "with"์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
08:37
So just like "by", "with" answers the same question: How do you do something?
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ "by"์™€ "with"๋Š” ๊ฐ™์€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋‹ตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
08:43
Okay? So the question is: How?
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์ข‹์•„์š”? ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์€: ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ?
08:46
So I have here some examples.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:48
How do Italians talk?
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์ดํƒˆ๋ฆฌ์•„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
08:49
Well, you know, they talk in different ways, but: "Italians talk with their hands."
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ "์ดํƒˆ๋ฆฌ์•„์ธ์€ ์†์œผ๋กœ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
08:54
for example.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด.
08:56
How do you point?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ง€์ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
08:58
"I point with my fingers."
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"๋‚˜๋Š” ์†๊ฐ€๋ฝ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋ฆฌํ‚จ๋‹ค."
09:00
Okay.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
09:02
So, these are some examples with "with".
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ, ์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ "with"๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:05
So when we were talking about "by", we looked at "by" followed by a verb and followed by
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ "by"์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ "by" ๋’ค์— ๋™์‚ฌ์™€
09:11
nouns, and we talked about how the nouns usually have to do with communication or transportation.
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๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์˜ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ณ  ๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ†ต์‹ ์ด๋‚˜ ๊ตํ†ต๊ณผ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:18
With "with" we use it usually with a noun.
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"with"๋Š” ๋ณดํ†ต ๋ช…์‚ฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:23
So, again, a noun is a person, place, or thing, like "hands" is a noun, "fingers" is a noun.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ, ์žฅ์†Œ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "hands"๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ด๊ณ  "fingers"๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:29
And we usually use "with"...
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ "with"๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค...
09:31
And again I'm saying usually because there's a lot of other cases we use it, but this is
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด
09:35
the main rule.
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์ฃผ์š” ๊ทœ์น™์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:37
We use "with" with body parts, with...
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‹ ์ฒด ๋ถ€์œ„์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ "with"๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:40
When we're talking about tools or different instruments.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋„๊ตฌ ๋‚˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋„๊ตฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ.
09:44
Okay?
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์ข‹์•„์š”?
09:45
So, for example: "Italians talk with their hands."
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด "์ดํƒˆ๋ฆฌ์•„์ธ์€ ์†์œผ๋กœ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
09:49
So we have "with" here and we have a body part: "hands".
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— "with"๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ  "hands"๋ผ๋Š” ์‹ ์ฒด ๋ถ€์œ„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ท€๋จธ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ
09:54
Maybe, you know, people who are deaf often talk with their hands.
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์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ข…์ข… ์†์œผ๋กœ ๋ง์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:01
"I point with my fingers.", "I point with my toes."
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"๋‚˜๋Š” ์†๊ฐ€๋ฝ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋ฆฌํ‚จ๋‹ค.", "๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ฐœ๊ฐ€๋ฝ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋ฆฌํ‚จ๋‹ค."
10:06
Okay? So, again, we have another body part: "fingers".
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์ข‹์•„์š”? ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, "์†๊ฐ€๋ฝ"์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‹ ์ฒด ๋ถ€์œ„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:10
"I think with my brain.", "I smile with my teeth and lips.", "I run with my legs."
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"๋‚˜๋Š” ๋จธ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•œ๋‹ค.", "๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด๋นจ๊ณผ ์ž…์ˆ ๋กœ ์›ƒ๋Š”๋‹ค.", "๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๋กœ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฐ๋‹ค."
10:20
Okay? So we use it for body parts.
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์ข‹์•„์š”? ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‹ ์ฒด ๋ถ€์œ„์— ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:23
We can also use it when we're talking about tools or instruments.
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๋„๊ตฌ๋‚˜ ๊ธฐ๊ตฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ๋„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:28
So when I'm talking about instruments I'm talking about things we use.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์•…๊ธฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ ์ €๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:33
"I cleaned the floor..."
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"๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ์„ ์ฒญ์†Œํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ..."
10:35
How? How did you clean the floor?
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ? ๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ ์ฒญ์†Œ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์…จ์–ด์š”?
10:37
"Well, I cleaned the floor with a mop."
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"์Œ, ๋Œ€๊ฑธ๋ ˆ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ์„ ์ฒญ์†Œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
10:41
So a mop is like a tool or an instrument.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋Œ€๊ฑธ๋ ˆ๋Š” ๋„๊ตฌ๋‚˜ ๊ธฐ๊ตฌ์™€ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:44
You can say: "I cleaned the floor with a broom.", "I cleaned the floor with a dustpan.",
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"๋‚˜๋Š” ๋น—์ž๋ฃจ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ์„ ์ฒญ์†Œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .", "๋‚˜๋Š” ์“ฐ๋ ˆ๋ฐ›๊ธฐ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ์„ ์ฒญ์†Œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.", "
10:52
"I ate dinner with a fork."
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ํฌํฌ๋กœ ์ €๋…์„ ๋จน์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:55
So this is answering: How did you eat dinner?
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋Œ€๋‹ต์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค: ์ €๋…์€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋จน์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
10:58
"I ate dinner with chopsticks.", "I ate dinner with a spoon."
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"์ €๋Š” ์ €๋…์„ ์ “๊ฐ€๋ฝ์œผ๋กœ ๋จน์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.", "์ €๋…์„ ์ˆŸ๊ฐ€๋ฝ์œผ๋กœ ๋จน์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
11:02
Okay?
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์ข‹์•„์š”?
11:04
How did you cook?
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์š”๋ฆฌํ–ˆ๋‹ˆ?
11:05
"I cooked with a microwave.", "I cooked with a pot.", "I cooked with an oven."
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"์ „์ž๋ ˆ์ธ์ง€๋กœ ์กฐ๋ฆฌํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.", " ๋ƒ„๋น„๋กœ ์กฐ๋ฆฌํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.", "์˜ค๋ธ์œผ๋กœ ์กฐ๋ฆฌํ–ˆ์–ด์š”."
11:11
You know: How did you camp?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค : ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์บ ํ”„๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
11:13
"I camped with a tent."
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"ํ…ํŠธ๋กœ ์•ผ์˜์„ โ€‹โ€‹ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
11:15
So we use this a lot of the times when we're talking about body parts, tools, or instruments;
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‹ ์ฒด ๋ถ€์œ„, ๋„๊ตฌ ๋˜๋Š” ๋„๊ตฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งŽ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:19
things that help you do things.
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ผ์„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค.
11:21
Okay, so we've covered a lot of ground here.
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์ž, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๋งŽ์€ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:24
We've covered "by" with verbs, we've covered "by" with nouns, and we've covered "with"
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"by"๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๋กœ, "by"๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋กœ, "with"๋Š”
11:30
with nouns.
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๋ช…์‚ฌ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ค˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:31
So I want to invite you to come check out our website at www.engvid.com.
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์ €ํฌ ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ www.engvid.com์„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ•ด ๋ณด์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:37
There, you can actually do a quiz to practice everything you learned in this video.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ์ด ๋น„๋””์˜ค์—์„œ ๋ฐฐ์šด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ํ€ด์ฆˆ๋ฅผ ํ’€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
11:42
Okay?
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์ข‹์•„์š”?
11:44
You know, there's a lot of information here so I really hope you practice these things.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ์ •๋ณด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•ด ๋ณด์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:48
I also want to invite you to subscribe to my YouTube channel.
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๋˜ํ•œ ์ œ YouTube ์ฑ„๋„์„ ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜๋„๋ก ์ดˆ๋Œ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:51
There, you can find a lot of other resources about grammar, pronunciation, conversation, listening,
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๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•, ๋ฐœ์Œ, ๋Œ€ํ™”, ๋“ฃ๊ธฐ
11:58
and all things English.
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๋ฐ ๋ชจ๋“  ์˜์–ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋งŽ์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฆฌ์†Œ์Šค๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:00
So until next time, thank you for watching and take care.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๋‹ค์Œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๊นŒ์ง€ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.

Original video on YouTube.com
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7