BOX SET: 6 Minute English - 'Psychology' English mega-class! Thirty minutes of new vocabulary!

254,061 views

2022-12-11 ใƒป BBC Learning English


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BOX SET: 6 Minute English - 'Psychology' English mega-class! Thirty minutes of new vocabulary!

254,061 views ใƒป 2022-12-11

BBC Learning English


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:05
Hello. This is 6 Minute English from BBC Learningย  English. I'm Neil. And I'm Sam. Many people haveย ย 
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. BBC Learning English์˜ 6๋ถ„ ์˜์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ €๋Š” ๋‹์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ์ƒ˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
00:11
favourites - a favourite colour, a favouriteย  flavour, a favourite word. What's yours,ย ย 
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์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ์ƒ‰์ƒ, ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ง›, ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๊ฒƒ,
00:16
Neil? Hmm, my favourite colour is green, myย  favourite flavour is sweet-and-sour, and, well,ย ย 
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๋‹? ์Œ, ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ์ƒ‰์€ ์ดˆ๋ก์ƒ‰์ด๊ณ , ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ง›์€ ์ƒˆ์ฝค๋‹ฌ์ฝคํ•˜๊ณ , ์Œ,
00:22
I don't know if it's my favourite, but there is aย  word I really like saying out loud - 'nincompoop'.ย ย 
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€๋Š” ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ, ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ง ์ž… ๋ฐ–์œผ๋กœ ๋‚ด๋ฑ‰๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๋ง์ด ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, '๋‹Œ์ฝคํ‘ธํ”„'.
00:29
It means a silly person. For me, it's the tasteย  of coffee, and the smell of lavender, or freshlyย ย 
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์–ด๋ฆฌ์„์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์ปคํ”ผ์˜ ๋ง›๊ณผ ๋ผ๋ฒค๋”์˜ ํ–ฅ, ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฐ“
00:36
baked bread. Our favourite tastes, smells andย  colours are controlled by our five senses - sight,ย ย 
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๊ตฌ์šด ๋นต์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ง›, ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ ๋ฐ ์ƒ‰์ƒ์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ,
00:44
sound, smell, taste, and touch. For most of usย  they don't mix. We see colours and taste flavours,ย ย 
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์†Œ๋ฆฌ, ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ, ๋ฏธ๊ฐ ๋ฐ ์ด‰๊ฐ์˜ ์˜ค๊ฐ์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ œ์–ด๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ํ˜ผํ•ฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ƒ‰๊น”์„ ๋ณด๊ณ  ๋ง›์„ ๋ง›๋ณด์ง€
00:51
but we can't taste sounds. But that's notย  how everyone's brain works. Imagine beingย ย 
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๋งŒ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ง›๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ๋‘๋‡Œ๊ฐ€ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:56
able to 'taste' every word that you hear. In thisย  programme, we'll meet two sisters from Glasgow inย ย 
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๋“ฃ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ '๋ง›๋ณผ' ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ์ƒํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
01:03
Scotland who can do just that. And as usual, we'llย  learn some new vocabulary as well. Julie McDowallย ย 
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์Šค์ฝ”ํ‹€๋žœ๋“œ์˜ ๊ธ€๋ž˜์Šค๊ณ ์—์„œ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‘ ์ž๋งค๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋‚  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ‰์†Œ์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์–ดํœ˜๋„ ๋ฐฐ์›๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Julie McDowall
01:09
and her younger sister, Jen McCready, haveย  synaesthesia, a neurological condition where twoย ย 
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๊ณผ ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ์—ฌ๋™์ƒ Jen McCready๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์ด ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์„ž์ด๋Š” ์‹ ๊ฒฝํ•™์  ์ƒํƒœ์ธ ๊ณต๊ฐ๊ฐ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ 
01:15
or more senses mix together. When synesthetes, asย  they're called, hear a word, their sense of tasteย ย 
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์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์†Œ์œ„ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณต๊ฐ๊ฐ์ž๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋“ค์œผ๋ฉด ๋ฏธ๊ฐ
01:22
also becomes activated. Words produce specificย  tastes on their tongues. For example, when Jenย ย 
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๋„ ํ™œ์„ฑํ™”๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹จ์–ด ๋Š” ํ˜€์—์„œ ํŠน์ •ํ•œ ๋ง›์„ ๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด
01:28
hears the name of her daughter, Sophia, she tastesย  pink marshmallows! And the name 'Leo' tastes likeย ย 
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Jen์€ ๋”ธ์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„์„ ๋“ค์œผ๋ฉด ๋ถ„ํ™์ƒ‰ ๋งˆ์‹œ๋ฉœ๋กœ ๋ง›์ด ๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ! ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  '๋ ˆ์˜ค'๋ผ๋Š” ์ด๋ฆ„์€ ๊ตญ์ˆ˜ ๋ง›์ด ๋‚œ๋‹ค
01:34
noodles. We'll hear more from the unusual sistersย  later, but first I have a question for you, Neil.ย ย 
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. ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ์ด์ƒํ•œ ์ž๋งค๋“ค๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋จผ์ € Neil์—๊ฒŒ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:42
We've just heard what happens when Jen McCreadyย  hears the names 'Sophia', and 'Leo', but whatย ย 
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Jen McCready๊ฐ€ 'Sophia' ๋ฐ 'Leo'๋ผ๋Š” ์ด๋ฆ„์„ ๋“ค์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:48
does she taste when she hears the name 'Neil'?ย  Is It: a) eggs and bacon? b) spaghetti hoops? orย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ 'Neil'์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ด๋ฆ„์„ ๋“ค์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์–ด๋–ค ๋ง›์ด ๋‚ฌ์„๊นŒ์š”? ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€: a) ๋‹ฌ๊ฑ€๊ณผ ๋ฒ ์ด์ปจ์ธ๊ฐ€? b) ์ŠคํŒŒ๊ฒŒํ‹ฐ ํ›„ํ”„? ๋˜๋Š”
01:57
c) a jam sandwich? Well, I don't know what thisย  says about me, Sam, but I'm going to guess thatย ย 
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c) ์žผ ์ƒŒ๋“œ์œ„์น˜? ๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ์ด๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๋งํ•˜๋Š”์ง€๋Š” ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ƒ˜, ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ถ”์ธก์ปจ๋ฐ
02:03
it's c) a jam sandwich. OK. Don't worry, Neil -ย  I'll reveal the answer later in the programme.ย ย 
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ c) ์žผ ์ƒŒ๋“œ์œ„์น˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”. ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”, Neil - ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์—์„œ ๋‹ต์„ ๊ณต๊ฐœํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:09
Synaesthesia isn't only about people, like Julieย  and Jen, who taste words - it can be a mixing ofย ย 
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๊ณต๊ฐ๊ฐ์€ ์ค„๋ฆฌ์™€ ์  ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ง›๋ณด๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฐ๊ฐ์ด ํ˜ผํ•ฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:16
any of our senses. A synesthete may hear coloursย  or see sounds. In fact, there could be as manyย ย 
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. ๊ณต๊ฐ๊ฐ์ž๋Š” ์ƒ‰์ƒ์„ ๋“ฃ ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ์‹ค,
02:23
as 150 different types of synaesthesia. For theย  Scottish sisters having synaesthesia is a gift,ย ย 
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๊ณต๊ฐ๊ฐ์—๋Š” 150๊ฐ€์ง€์˜ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์œ ํ˜•์ด ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณต๊ฐ๊ฐ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์Šค์ฝ”ํ‹€๋žœ๋“œ ์ž๋งค๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์„ ๋ฌผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:30
something Jen explained when she talked withย  BBC World Service programme, The Food Chain:ย ย 
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Jen์ด BBC World Service ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ธ The Food Chain๊ณผ
02:37
This is enjoyable, it's never anything that causesย  - the only thing I would say is it's quite hardย ย 
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์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ฆ๊ฒ
02:42
if you're trying to eat healthily because ifย  you hear a word that maybe tastes like tuna,ย ย 
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์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋จน์œผ๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ  ๋Š” ์ฐธ์น˜ ๋ง›์ด ๋‚  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ง
02:47
I'll be like, 'Oh, I need to get a tune baguetteย  now' ... You know, it's almost like beingย ย 
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์„ ๋“ค์œผ๋ฉด '์•„, ๋ฐ”๊ฒŒํŠธ๋ฅผ ์ง€๊ธˆ ์‚ฌ์•ผ๊ฒ ๋‹ค '... ์•Œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฑฐ์˜
02:50
pregnant and having a craving ... words can be soย  vivid that you want to eat that - that's the onlyย ย 
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์ž„์‹ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฐˆ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. .. ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ƒ์ƒํ•ด์„œ ๋จน๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ด์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค - ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ
02:55
negative I would say about it. For Jen, the onlyย  drawback to synaesthesia is that it can be hardย ย 
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์œ ์ผํ•œ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Jen์—๊ฒŒ ๊ณต๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ์œ ์ผํ•œ ๋‹จ์ ์€
03:01
to eat healthily because hearing certain wordsย  produces a craving - a strong feeling of wantingย ย 
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ํŠน์ • ๋‹จ์–ด ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์œผ๋ฉด ๊ฐˆ๋ง(ํŠน์ • ์Œ์‹์„ ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ๋Š๋‚Œ)์ด ์ƒ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋จน๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์–ด๋ ค์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:08
a particular food. That could be because, forย  Jen, the sound of the word is so vivid - clear,ย ย 
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. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ Jen์—๊ฒŒ ๋‹จ์–ด์˜ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ƒ์ƒํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ณ ,
03:14
detailed, and powerful in her mind. There's stillย  much doctors don't know about why some peopleย ย 
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์ƒ์„ธํ•˜๊ณ , ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ผ๋ถ€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค
03:20
experience sense mixing while most ofย  us experience each sense in isolation,ย ย 
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์€ ๊ฐ๊ฐ ํ˜ผํ•ฉ์„ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์„ ๊ณ ๋ฆฝ๋œ ์ƒํƒœ์—์„œ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๋งŽ์€ ์˜์‚ฌ๋“ค์ด ์•Œ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:26
but it's clear that for Julie and Jen,ย  synaesthesia makes the world a more interesting,ย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ Julie์™€ Jen์—๊ฒŒ ๊ณต๊ฐ๊ฐ์ด ์„ธ์ƒ์„ ๋” ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กญ๊ณ 
03:31
colourful place. Someone who can explain whyย  so little is known about synaesthesia is Guyย ย 
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๋‹ค์ฑ„๋กœ์šด ๊ณณ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณต๊ฐ๊ฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•Œ๋ ค์ง„ ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์—†๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ
03:37
Leschziner, consultant neurologist at King'sย  College London, and author of the book,ย ย 
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์€ King's College London์˜ ์ปจ์„คํ„ดํŠธ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ ํ•™์ž์ด์ž ์ฑ…
03:42
'The Man Who Tasted Words'. Here he is speakingย  to BBC World Service's, The Food Chain:ย ย 
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'The Man Who Tasted Words'์˜ ์ €์ž์ธ Guy Leschziner์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๊ทธ๋Š” BBC World Service์˜ The Food Chain๊ณผ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ
03:49
One of the problems with synaesthesia is for manyย  years it's been dismissed, and it's been viewed asย ย 
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ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณต๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ๋ฌด์‹œ๋˜์–ด ์™”์œผ๋ฉฐ ๊ณผ๋„ํ•œ ์ƒ์ƒ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๋กœ ๊ฐ„์ฃผ๋˜์–ด ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:55
people with an overactive imagination, somethingย  not real but actually what research in recentย ย 
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์‹ค์ œ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ตœ๊ทผ ๋ช‡
04:00
years has taught us is that actually it does haveย  an underlying neurological and genetic basis.ย ย 
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๋…„๊ฐ„์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์นœ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ์‹ ๊ฒฝํ•™์  ๋ฐ ์œ ์ „์  ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:07
Guy says that in the past, synaesthesia wasย  often dismissed - considered unimportant orย ย 
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Guy๋Š” ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์—๋Š” ๊ณต๊ฐ๊ฐ์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กญ์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ„์ฃผ๋˜์–ด ๋ฌด์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:13
uninteresting. Synesthetes were labelled peopleย  with overactive imaginations - a tendency toย ย 
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. ๊ณต๊ฐ๊ฐ์ž๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ƒ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณผ๋„ํ•œ ์ƒ์ƒ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:20
imagine things that are not true. But researchย  is showing that the causes of synaesthesiaย ย 
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. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ๊ณต๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ์›์ธ
04:25
could run in the family. Julie and Jen's brothersย  don't have synaesthesia, but Jen's daughter does.ย ย 
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์€ ๊ฐ€์กฑ๋ ฅ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Julie์™€ Jen์˜ ํ˜•์ œ ๋Š” ๊ณต๊ฐ๊ฐ์ด ์—†์ง€๋งŒ Jen์˜ ๋”ธ์€ ๊ณต๊ฐ๊ฐ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:32
And with an estimated 4% of the worldย  population having some form of sense mixing,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ธ๊ตฌ์˜ ์•ฝ 4% ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ค ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ๋“  ๊ฐ๊ฐ ํ˜ผํ•ฉ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ 
04:37
a world of new and exciting possibilities isย  opening up to millions. Exciting possibilitiesย ย 
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์žˆ์–ด ์ƒˆ๋กญ๊ณ  ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์˜ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ๊ฐ€ ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ๋ช…์—๊ฒŒ ์—ด๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ
04:43
like tasting someone's name... Remember in myย  question I asked what synesthete, Jen McCready,ย ย 
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„์„ ๋ง›๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€... ์ œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์—์„œ ๊ณต๊ฐ๊ฐ์ž์ธ Jen McCready๊ฐ€
04:49
tastes when she hears the name 'Neil'. OK. Well,ย  I guessed that 'Neil' tastes like a jam sandwich.ย ย 
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'Neil'์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ด๋ฆ„์„ ๋“ค์„ ๋•Œ ์–ด๋–ค ๋ง›์ด ๋‚˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณธ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์ข‹์•„์š”. ์Œ, '๋‹'์€ ์žผ ์ƒŒ๋“œ์œ„์น˜ ๋ง›์ด ๋‚  ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
04:57
Was I right? Well, Neil, no - youย  don't taste like a jam sandwich.ย ย 
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋งž์•˜์–ด? ๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ๋‹, ์•„๋‹ˆ - ๋‹น์‹  ์€ ์žผ ์ƒŒ๋“œ์œ„์น˜ ๋ง›์ด ์•ˆ๋‚˜์š”.
05:01
In fact, when Jen hears the name 'Neil',ย  she tastes spaghetti hoops! Oh well,ย ย 
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์‚ฌ์‹ค Jen์€ 'Neil'์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ด๋ฆ„์„ ๋“ค์œผ๋ฉด ์ŠคํŒŒ๊ฒŒํ‹ฐ ํ›„ํ”„ ๋ง›์„ ๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค! ๊ธ€์Ž„์š”,
05:07
it could be worse - the name 'Robert' makes Jenย  taste rotten eggs! Sorry to any Roberts listening.ย ย 
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๋” ๋‚˜์  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์–ด์š”. 'Robert'๋ผ๋Š” ์ด๋ฆ„ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— Jen์€ ์ฉ์€ ๋‹ฌ๊ฑ€ ๋ง›์ด ๋‚˜์š”! ๋“ฃ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋กœ๋ฒ„์ธ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฏธ์•ˆํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:14
OK, let's recap the vocabulary we've learned inย  this programme about synaesthesia - a neurologicalย ย 
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์ž,
05:20
condition where two or more senses mix together.ย  A nincompoop is an informal way of saying a sillyย ย 
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๋‘ ๊ฐœ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์ด ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์„ž์ด๋Š” ์‹ ๊ฒฝํ•™์  ์ƒํƒœ์ธ ๊ณต๊ฐ๊ฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์—์„œ ๋ฐฐ์šด ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ์š”์•ฝํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. nincompoop์€ ์–ด๋ฆฌ์„์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋น„๊ณต์‹์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:27
person. A craving for something is the strongย  desire to have it. A vivid sensation is clear,ย ย 
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. ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐˆ๋ง ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ์š•๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ƒ์ƒํ•œ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์€
05:34
strong and detailed in your mind. When somethingย  is dismissed, it's considered unimportant orย ย 
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๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ƒ์„ธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ธฐ๊ฐ๋˜๋ฉด ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กญ์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ„์ฃผ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:40
uninteresting. And finally, an overactiveย  imagination is the tendency to imagine thingsย ย 
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. ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ๊ณผ์ž‰ ์ƒ์ƒ์€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ƒ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ
05:46
that are not true. Once again, our six minutesย  are up! If you've enjoyed this look into the weirdย ย 
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์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ 6 ๋ถ„์ด ๋๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค! ๊ธฐ๋ฌ˜
05:52
and wonderful world of synaesthesia, we hopeย  you'll join us again next time for more chat,ย ย 
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ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋†€๋ผ์šด ๊ณต๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ์„ธ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์…จ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฒˆ์— 6๋ถ„ ์˜์–ด์—์„œ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์ฑ„ํŒ…,
05:58
interesting issues and useful vocabulary hereย  at 6 Minute English. Bye for now! Goodbye!ย ย 
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ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ๋ฌธ์ œ ๋ฐ ์œ ์šฉํ•œ ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์•ˆ๋…•! ์•ˆ๋…•ํžˆ ๊ฐ€์„ธ์š”!
06:09
Hello. This is 6 Minute English from BBC Learningย  English. I'm Rob. And I'm Sam. Here at 6 Minuteย ย 
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. BBC Learning English์˜ 6๋ถ„ ์˜์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ €๋Š” ๋กญ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ์ƒ˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ 6 Minute
06:16
English, we love to chat about new technology. Oneย  of our favourite topics is VR or virtual reality,ย ย 
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English์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ์ฃผ์ œ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” VR ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€์ƒ ํ˜„์‹ค
06:24
and the ways it's shaping life in the future. VRย  allows you to put on a headset and escape into aย ย 
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๊ณผ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์˜ ์‚ถ์„ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. VR์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ํ—ค๋“œ์…‹์„ ์ฐฉ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์„ธ๊ณ„๋กœ ํƒˆ์ถœํ•  ์ˆ˜
06:30
completely different world. In this programme,ย  we'll be hearing about some of the ways VR isย ย 
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์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์—์„œ๋Š” VR์ด
06:35
tackling serious problems like domestic violence,ย  and helping people overcome phobias - the strongย ย 
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๊ฐ€์ • ํญ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ณตํฌ์ฆ(
06:42
and irrational fear of something. And, of course,ย  we'll be learning some useful related vocabularyย ย 
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๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋น„ํ•ฉ๋ฆฌ์ ์ธ ๋‘๋ ค์›€)์„ ๊ทน๋ณตํ•˜๋„๋ก ๋•๋Š” ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌผ๋ก , ๊ทธ ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์œ ์šฉํ•œ ๊ด€๋ จ ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ฒŒ ๋ 
06:47
along the way. People who use VR often describeย  the experience as intense. Putting on the headsetย ย 
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๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. VR์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ข…์ข… ๊ทธ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์ด ๊ฐ•๋ ฌํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ—ค๋“œ์…‹์„ ์ฐฉ์šฉ
06:54
makes you feel you're really there, in whateverย  new world you've chosen. And it's this intensityย ย 
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ํ•˜๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ค ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์„ธ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์„ ํƒํ•˜๋“  ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๊ทธ๊ณณ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋“ฏํ•œ ๋Š๋‚Œ์„ ๋ฐ›์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
07:01
that inventors, scientists and therapists areย  using to help people overcome their problems.ย ย 
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๋ฐœ๋ช…๊ฐ€, ๊ณผํ•™์ž, ์น˜๋ฃŒ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๊ทน๋ณตํ•˜๋„๋ก ๋•๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ด ๊ฐ•๋„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:07
We'll hear more soon, but first I have a questionย  for you, Sam. One of the phobias VR can helpย ย 
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๊ณง ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์†Œ์‹์„ ๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋จผ์ € Sam์—๊ฒŒ ์งˆ๋ฌธ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. VR์ด ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณตํฌ์ฆ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ณ ์†Œ๊ณตํฌ์ฆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:13
with is the fear of heights - but what is theย  proper name for this psychological disorder?ย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์žฅ์• ์˜ ์ ์ ˆํ•œ ์ด๋ฆ„์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
07:19
Is the fear of heights called: a) alektorophobia?ย  b) arachnophobia? or c) acrophobia? I'll say a)ย ย 
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๋†’์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‘๋ ค์›€์€ a) alektorophobia๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? b) ๊ฑฐ๋ฏธ ๊ณตํฌ์ฆ? ๋˜๋Š” c) ๊ณ ์†Œ๊ณตํฌ์ฆ? ๋‚˜๋Š” a) alektorophobia๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ
07:28
alektorophobia. OK, Sam. We'll find out the answerย  at the end of the programme. Now, if like me,ย ย 
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์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„, ์ƒ˜. ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ด ๋๋‚˜๋ฉด ๋‹ต์„ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ์ €์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
07:34
you're not very good with heights, you'll beย  happy to know that a company called Oxford VRย ย 
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๊ณ ์†Œ์— ์†Œ์งˆ์ด ์—†๋‹ค๋ฉด Oxford VR์ด๋ผ๋Š” ํšŒ์‚ฌ
07:41
has designed a system to help with precisely thatย  problem. In the safety of your own home, you putย ย 
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๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋Š” ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ์„ค๊ณ„ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์— ๊ธฐ๋ปํ•˜์‹ค ๊ฒƒ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•ˆ์ „ํ•œ ์ง‘
07:47
on a headset and are guided through a series ofย  tasks moving you higher and higher off the ground.ย ย 
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์—์„œ ํ—ค๋“œ์…‹์„ ์ฐฉ์šฉ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ง€๋ฉด์—์„œ ์ ์  ๋” ๋†’์ด ์ด๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ๋ จ์˜ ์ž‘์—…์„ ์•ˆ๋‚ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:54
You start by taking an elevator to the top floorย  of tall building and move on harder challenges,ย ย 
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๊ณ ์ธต ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์˜ ์ตœ์ƒ์ธต๊นŒ์ง€ ์—˜๋ฆฌ๋ฒ ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ํƒ€๊ณ  ์˜ฌ๋ผ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฐง์ค„ ์˜ค๋ฅด๊ธฐ ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋” ์–ด๋ ค์šด ๋„์ „์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
08:01
like climbing a rope. Daniel Freeman is aย  professor of clinical psychology at Oxfordย ย 
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. Daniel Freeman์€ ์˜ฅ์Šคํฌ๋“œ ๋Œ€ํ•™์˜ ์ž„์ƒ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌํ•™ ๊ต์ˆ˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
08:06
University. Listen as he explains how the VRย  experience works to BBC World Service programme,ย ย 
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. BBC World Service ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ธ People Fixing the World์—์„œ VR ๊ฒฝํ—˜์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ทธ์˜ ๋ง์„ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”
08:13
People Fixing the World. Even thoughย  you're consciously aware it's a simulation,ย ย 
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. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜์‹์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ธ์‹ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด๋„ ๊ณ ์†Œ์—
08:18
it doesn't stop all your habitual reactions toย  heights happening, and that's really important,ย ย 
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๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ์Šต๊ด€์ ์ธ ๋ฐ˜์‘์„ ๋ฉˆ์ถ”์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์ •๋ง ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:24
and that's why it's got such a potential toย  be therapeutic. The art of successful therapy,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์น˜๋ฃŒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ž ์žฌ๋ ฅ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์ธ ์น˜๋ฃŒ์˜ ๊ธฐ์ˆ 
08:28
and what you can do really, really well in VR, isย  enable someone to drop those defences, and in VRย ย 
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๊ณผ VR์—์„œ ์ •๋ง ์ž˜ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฉ์–ด๋ฒฝ
08:33
a person is more able to drop them becauseย  they know there's no real height there.ย ย 
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์„ ๋–จ์–ด๋œจ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:38
Although the VR experience seems real,ย  the person using it knows it's only aย ย 
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VR ๊ฒฝํ—˜์ด ์‹ค์ œ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ด์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜์ผ ๋ฟ์ž„์„ ์••๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
08:43
simulation - a pretend copy of the real thing.ย  This gives them confidence to go higher,ย ย 
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. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋‹ค์น  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ๋” ๋†’์ด ์˜ฌ๋ผ๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ž์‹ ๊ฐ์„ ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
08:49
knowing they can't really get hurt. But althoughย  it's simulated, the experience is real enough toย ย 
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. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜์ด๊ธด ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์€
08:55
trick your mind into acting in its habitualย  way - the way it usually, typically works.ย ย 
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๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋งˆ์Œ์„ ์†์—ฌ์„œ ์Šต๊ด€ ์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ์‹, ์ฆ‰ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ํ–‰๋™ํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•  ๋งŒํผ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ํ˜„์‹ค์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:02
Although your brain knows you have both feet onย  the ground, VR is so realistic that to completeย ย 
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๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋‘๋‡Œ๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋•…์— ๋‘ ๋ฐœ์„ ๋”›๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ VR์€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ํ˜„์‹ค์ ์ด์–ด์„œ
09:07
the tasks you have to drop your defences, a phraseย  meaning to relax and trust people by lowering theย ย 
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ž‘์—…์„ ์™„๋ฃŒํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ๋ฐฉ์–ด๋ ฅ์„ ๋–จ์–ด๋œจ๋ ค์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, ์ž์‹ ์„ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ตฌ์ถ•ํ•œ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์žฅ๋ฒฝ์„ ๋‚ฎ์ถ”์–ด ๊ธด์žฅ์„ ํ’€๊ณ  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ์‹ ๋ขฐํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ
09:13
psychological barriers you have built to protectย  yourself. Oxford VR's 'Fear of Heights' experienceย ย 
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์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Oxford VR์˜ 'Fear of Heights' ๊ฒฝํ—˜
09:21
uses VR to put people into another world, butย  the next project we'll hear about takes thingsย ย 
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์€ VR์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์„ธ๊ณ„๋กœ ๋ฐ๋ ค๊ฐ€์ง€๋งŒ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๋‹ค์Œ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋Š”
09:27
even further - putting people into someone else'sย  body. In Barcelona, a VR simulation is being usedย ย 
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๋” ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ๋ชธ์— ๋„ฃ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋ฐ”๋ฅด์…€๋กœ๋‚˜
09:35
in prisons to make men convicted of domesticย  violence aware of what it feels like to be inย ย 
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์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์ • ํญ๋ ฅ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์ฃ„ ํŒ๊ฒฐ์„ ๋ฐ›์€ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์ด ํ”ผํ•ด์ž์˜ ์ž…์žฅ ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์–ด๋–ค ๋Š๋‚Œ์ธ์ง€ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๊ฐ์˜ฅ์—์„œ VR ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
09:40
the position of their victims. The project, calledย  'virtual embodiment', is led by neuroscientist,ย ย 
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. '๊ฐ€์ƒ ๊ตฌํ˜„'์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š” ์ด ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ
09:47
Mavi Sanchez-Vives, of Barcelona's Institute forย  Biomedical Research. In a virtual world we can beย ย 
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๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋ฅด์…€๋กœ๋‚˜ ์ƒ์ฒด ์˜ํ•™ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์†Œ์˜ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ๊ณผํ•™์ž Mavi Sanchez-Vives๊ฐ€ ์ด๋Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ€์ƒ ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ 
09:56
someone different and have a first-person embodiedย  perspective from the point-of-view, for example,ย ย 
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ
10:04
of a different person, different gender, differentย  age. One can go through different situations andย ย 
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๋“ค์–ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ, ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์„ฑ๋ณ„, ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‚˜์ด์˜ ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ ๊ตฌํ˜„๋œ 1์ธ์นญ ๊ด€์ ์„ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ƒํ™ฉ
10:11
have the experience from this totally novelย  perspective. Many of the prisoners lack empathyย ย 
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์„ ๊ฒช์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ  ์ด ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋งŽ์€ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ์ž
10:18
for their victims. 'Virtual embodiment' works byย  giving these men the experience of abuse in theย ย 
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๋“ค์€ ํ”ผํ•ด์ž์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ณต๊ฐ์ด ๋ถ€์กฑํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '๊ฐ€์ƒ ๊ตฌํ˜„'์€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ง์ ‘ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์„ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ ์ด ๋‚จ์„ฑ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ 1์ธ์นญ์œผ๋กœ โ€‹โ€‹ํ•™๋Œ€ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์ž‘๋™ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
10:24
first-person - from the perspective of someone whoย  actually experiences an event in person. In VR,ย ย 
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. VR
10:31
the men have the insults and abuse they gave toย  others turned back on them. It's a novel - a newย ย 
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์—์„œ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ํ•œ ๋ชจ์š•๊ณผ ํ•™๋Œ€๋ฅผ ์ž์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Œ๋ ค ๋†“์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์ฐธ์‹ 
10:37
and original - experience for them, and not aย  pleasant one either. But the VR therapy seemsย ย 
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ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ƒˆ๋กญ๊ณ  ๋…์ฐฝ์ ์ธ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์ด๋ฉฐ ์œ ์พŒํ•œ ๊ฒฝํ—˜๋„ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ VR ์š”๋ฒ•์€ ํšจ๊ณผ
10:43
to be working, and Dr Sanchez-Vives reportsย  more and more of the prisoners successfullyย ย 
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๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์ด๋ฉฐ Sanchez-Vives ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ ์  ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ์ž
10:48
reintegrating into their communities after theirย  release from prison. The experience VR creates ofย ย 
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๋“ค์ด ์ถœ์†Œ ํ›„ ์ง€์—ญ ์‚ฌํšŒ์— ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์œผ๋กœ ์žฌํ†ตํ•ฉ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ณด๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:54
seeing things from someone else's point-of-viewย  can be therapeutic, even for serious problems.ย ย 
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ์„ ๋ณด๋Š” VR ๊ฒฝํ—˜ ์€ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ์—๋„ ์น˜๋ฃŒ๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:01
And speaking of problems, what was the answerย  to your question, Rob? I asked Sam whetherย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งํ•˜์ž๋ฉด, ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‹ต์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”, Rob? ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ƒ˜์—๊ฒŒ
11:06
the correct name for the fear of heights wasย  alektorophobia, arachnophobia, or acrophobia? Iย ย 
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๊ณ ์†Œ๊ณตํฌ์ฆ์˜ ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ์ด๋ฆ„์ด ์•Œ๋ ‰ํ† ๋กœํฌ๋น„์•„, ๊ฑฐ๋ฏธ๊ณตํฌ์ฆ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ณ ์†Œ๊ณตํฌ์ฆ์ธ์ง€ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:14
guessed it was alektorophobia. Which was the wrongย  answer. Alektorophobia is the fear of chickens!ย ย 
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์•Œ๋ ‰ํ† ๋กœํฌ๋น„์•„์ธ ์ค„ ์•Œ์•˜์–ด์š”. ์˜ค๋‹ต์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . Alektorophobia๋Š” ๋‹ญ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‘๋ ค์›€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
11:21
The correct answer was c) acrophobia - aย  fear of heights, and a good example of aย ย 
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์ •๋‹ต์€ c) ๊ณ ์†Œ ๊ณตํฌ์ฆ - ๊ณ ์†Œ๊ณตํฌ์ฆ, ๊ณตํฌ์ฆ์˜ ์ข‹์€ ์˜ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
11:26
phobia. Let's recap the rest of the vocabularyย  we've learned, starting with simulation - aย ย 
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. ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฐฐ์šด ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ์š”์•ฝํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:33
pretend copy of something that looks realย  but is not. Habitual describes the usual,ย ย 
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์ด๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ด์ง€๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ชจ๋ฐฉํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . Habitual์€
11:38
typical way something works. The phrase 'drop yourย  defences' means to relax and trust something byย ย 
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๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ด๊ณ  ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 'drop your defences'๋ผ๋Š” ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์žฅ๋ฒฝ ์„ ๋‚ฎ์ถ”์–ด ๊ธด์žฅ์„ ํ’€๊ณ  ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์‹ ๋ขฐํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ
11:45
lowering your psychological barriers. In theย  first-person means talking about somethingย ย 
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์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 1
11:51
from the perspective of the person who actuallyย  experienced an event themselves. And finally, theย ย 
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์ธ์นญ์€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์„ ์ง์ ‘ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ
11:56
adjective novel means completely new and original,ย  unlike anything that has happened before. Well,ย ย 
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ ์†Œ์„ค์€ ์ด์ „์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ๋„ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์ƒˆ๋กญ๊ณ  ๋…์ฐฝ์ ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์Œ,
12:03
once again, our six minutes are really -ย  and virtually - over! Goodbye for now! Bye!ย ย 
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๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ 6๋ถ„์€ ์ •๋ง๋กœ - ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค! ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์•ˆ๋…•! ์•ˆ๋…•!
12:13
Hello. This is 6 Minute English from BBC Learningย  English. I'm Neil. And I'm Georgina. This is theย ย 
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. BBC Learning English์˜ 6๋ถ„ ์˜์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ €๋Š” ๋‹์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ์กฐ์ง€๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด
12:20
programme where we hope to add some colourย  to your life by talking about an interestingย ย 
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ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ์€ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ์ฃผ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ
12:24
subject and teaching you some useful vocabulary.ย  And colour is what we're talking about today.ย ย 
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ํ•˜๊ณ  ์œ ์šฉํ•œ ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์‚ถ์— ์ƒ‰์„ ๋”ํ•ด์ฃผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋Š” ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ƒ‰์ƒ์€ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:30
What's your favourite colour, Neil? Oh, I likeย  green - a fresh, bold colour, that reminds me ofย ย 
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์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ์ƒ‰์ด ๋ญ์•ผ, ๋‹? ์•„, ์ €๋Š” ์ž์—ฐ์„ ๋– ์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ์‹ ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋Œ€๋‹ดํ•œ ์ƒ‰์ƒ์ธ ๋…น์ƒ‰์„ ์ข‹์•„
12:36
nature - it can have a calming effect. And you?ย  It's got to be blue - it reminds me of the sea,ย ย 
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ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง„์ • ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€์š”? ํŒŒ๋ž€์ƒ‰์ด์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ”๋‹ค
12:43
the sky - and holidays, of course! Colour - noย  matter which one we prefer - affects how we feel.ย ย 
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, ํ•˜๋Š˜, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํœด์ผ์ด ์ƒ๊ฐ๋‚˜์ฃ ! ์ƒ‰์ƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์„ ํ˜ธํ•˜๋Š” ์ƒ‰์ƒ์— ๊ด€๊ณ„์—†์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋Š๋‚Œ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์นฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:50
And we'll be talking about that soon. But notย  before I challenge you to answer my quiz question,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ณง ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‚ด ํ€ด์ฆˆ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋‹ตํ•˜๋ผ๊ณ  ๋„์ „ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์—๋Š” ์•ˆ
12:55
Georgina - and it's a science question. Doย  you know what the splitting of white lightย ย 
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๋ผ์š”, Georgina - ๊ณผํ•™ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐฑ์ƒ‰๊ด‘
13:01
into its different colours is called? Is it...ย  a) dispersion, b) reflection, or c) refraction?ย ย 
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์„ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์ƒ‰์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•„์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€... a) ๋ถ„์‚ฐ, b) ๋ฐ˜์‚ฌ ๋˜๋Š” c) ๊ตด์ ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
13:11
Hmmm. Well, I'm not a scientist, so I'll haveย  a guess as c) refraction. OK, I'll reveal theย ย 
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ํ . ์Œ, ์ €๋Š” ๊ณผํ•™์ž๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฏ€ ๋กœ c) ๊ตด์ ˆ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ถ”์ธกํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•Œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
13:18
right answer later on. But now, let's talkย  more about colour. Colour can represent manyย ย 
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. ์ •๋‹ต์€ ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ๊ณต๊ฐœํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด์ œ ์ƒ‰์ƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ž์„ธํžˆ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ƒ‰์ƒ
13:25
different things, depending on where you comeย  from. You can be 'green with envy' - wishingย ย 
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์€ ์ถœ์‹ ์ง€์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๊ฐ€์กŒ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‹น์‹ ๋„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋Š” '๋ถ€๋Ÿฌ์›Œํ•˜๋Š”' ๋…น์ƒ‰์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
13:31
you had what someone else had. And someone canย  feel blue - so feel depressed. We choose coloursย ย 
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. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€ ์šฐ์šธํ•จ์„ ๋Š๋‚„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์šฐ์šธํ•จ์„ ๋Š๋ผ์„ธ์š”. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ƒ‰์ƒ
13:36
to express ourselves in what we wear or how weย  decorate our home. The BBC Radio 4 programme,ย ย 
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์„ ์„ ํƒํ•˜์—ฌ ์˜ท์„ ์ž…๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ง‘์„ ๊พธ๋ฏธ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. BBC ๋ผ๋””์˜ค 4 ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ
13:42
You and Yours, has been talking about colour andย  whether it affects everyone's mood. Karen Hallerย ย 
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You and Yours๋Š” ์ƒ‰์ƒ๊ณผ ์ƒ‰์ƒ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š”์ง€ ์—ฌ๋ถ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Karen Haller
13:49
is a colour psychologist and a colour designer andย  consultant - she explained how colour affects us.ย ย 
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๋Š” ์ƒ‰์ƒ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌํ•™์ž์ด์ž ์ƒ‰์ƒ ๋””์ž์ด๋„ˆ์ด์ž ์ปจ์„คํ„ดํŠธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ƒ‰์ƒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:57
It's the way that we take in the wavelengths ofย  light because colour is wavelengths of light,ย ย 
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์ƒ‰์€ ๋น›์˜ ํŒŒ์žฅ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋น›์˜ ํŒŒ์žฅ
14:03
and it's how that comes in through our eye,ย  and then it goes into the part of our brainย ย 
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์„ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ด๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น›์ด ๋ˆˆ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋“ค์–ด์˜จ ๋‹ค์Œ ์‹œ์ƒํ•˜๋ถ€๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‡Œ์˜ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€
14:07
called the hypothalamus, which governs ourย  sleeping patterns, our hormones, our behaviours,ย ย 
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์ˆ˜๋ฉด ํŒจํ„ด๊ณผ ํ˜ธ๋ฅด๋ชฌ์„ ์กฐ์ ˆํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. , ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ํ–‰๋™,
14:13
our appetite - it governs - everything and soย  different colours and different frequencies orย ย 
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์‹์š• - ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ง€๋ฐฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค - ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ, ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ƒ‰์ƒ๊ณผ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ฃผํŒŒ์ˆ˜ ๋˜๋Š”
14:18
different wavelengths of light, we have differentย  responses and different reactions to them.ย ย 
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋น›์˜ ํŒŒ์žฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐ˜์‘๊ณผ ๋ฐ˜์‘์„ ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:24
So, colour is wavelengths of light - a wavelengthย  is the distance between two waves of sound orย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ƒ‰์ƒ์€ ๋น›์˜ ํŒŒ์žฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํŒŒ์žฅ ์€ ์ŒํŒŒ ๋˜๋Š” ์„œ๋กœ ์ธ์ ‘ํ•œ ๋น› ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ
14:31
light that are next to each other. As theseย  wavelengths change, so does the colour we see.ย ย 
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์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํŒŒ์žฅ์ด ๋ณ€ํ•˜๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๋Š” ์ƒ‰์ƒ๋„ ๋ณ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:38
Thanks for the science lesson! Karen alsoย  explained that there's a part of our brain thatย ย 
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๊ณผํ•™ ์ˆ˜์—… ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค! Karen์€ ๋˜ํ•œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ฐ์ •๊ณผ ํ–‰๋™ ๋ฐฉ์‹ ์„ ์ œ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” โ€‹โ€‹๋‡Œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์„ค๋ช…ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:42
controls - she used the word govern - how we feelย  and how we behave. And this can change dependingย ย 
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ํ†ต์น˜๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๋Š” ์ƒ‰์ƒ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
14:49
on what colour we see. Interesting stuff - ofย  course, colour can affect us differently. Seeingย ย 
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. ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ์  - ๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ƒ‰์ƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:56
red can make one person angry but someone elseย  may just feel energised. Homeware and furnishingย ย 
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๋นจ๊ฐ„์ƒ‰์„ ๋ณด๋ฉด ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ ์€ ํ™œ๋ ฅ์„ ๋Š๋‚„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ€์ •์šฉํ’ˆ ๋ฐ ๊ฐ€๊ตฌ
15:02
manufacturers offer a whole spectrum - or rangeย  - of colours to choose to suit everyone s taste,ย ย 
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์ œ์กฐ์—…์ฒด๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ์ทจํ–ฅ๊ณผ ๋ถ„์œ„๊ธฐ์— ๋งž๊ฒŒ ์„ ํƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ „์ฒด ์ŠคํŽ™ํŠธ๋Ÿผ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฒ”์œ„์˜ ์ƒ‰์ƒ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
15:08
and mood. But during the recent coronavirusย  pandemic, there was a rise in demand for intense,ย ย 
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. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ตœ๊ทผ ์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค ๋Œ€์œ ํ–‰ ๋™์•ˆ ๊ฐ•๋ ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฐ์€ ์ƒ‰์กฐ์™€ ํŒจํ„ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ˆ˜์š”๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
15:13
bright shades and patterns. This was referred toย  as 'happy design' - design that was meant to helpย ย 
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. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์„ ๊ณ ์–‘์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋Š” ๋””์ž์ธ์ธ 'ํ–‰๋ณตํ•œ ๋””์ž์ธ'์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
15:20
lift our mood. Yes, and Karen Haller spoke a bitย  more about this on the You and Yours programme.ย ย 
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. ์˜ˆ, Karen Haller๋Š” You and Yours ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์—์„œ ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:28
In the time when everyone was out and we wereย  all working, and we lived very busy lives,ย ย 
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๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ์™ธ์ถœ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ผํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๋งค์šฐ ๋ฐ”์œ ์‚ถ์„ ์‚ด๋˜ ์‹œ์ ˆ์—
15:34
quite often what people wanted - they wantedย  a quiet sanctuary to come back to, so they hadย ย 
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์›ํ–ˆ๋˜ ์กฐ์šฉํ•œ ์•ˆ์‹์ฒ˜๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค์‹œ โ€‹โ€‹๋Œ์•„์˜ค๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์›ํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ง‘์—
15:39
very pale colours or very low chromatic coloursย  in their house - low saturation - because thatย ย 
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๋งค์šฐ ์˜…์€ ์ƒ‰์ด๋‚˜ ๋งค์šฐ ๋‚ฎ์€ ์œ ์ฑ„์ƒ‰ ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. - ๋‚ฎ์€ ์ฑ„๋„ -
15:45
helped them unwind and helped them relax and toย  feel very soothed. But what I have found sinceย ย 
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๊ธด์žฅ์„ ํ’€๊ณ  ๊ธด์žฅ์„ ํ’€๊ณ  ์ง„์ •๋˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€ ์ด ๋˜์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
15:52
the first lockdown is a lot of people, becauseย  they re not getting that outside stimulation,ย ย 
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ด‰์‡„ ์ดํ›„๋กœ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค ์ด ์™ธ๋ถ€ ์ž๊ทน์„ ๋ฐ›์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ
15:57
they're actually putting a lot of brighter coloursย  in their home because they're trying to bring inย ย 
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๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ง‘์— ๋” ๋ฐ์€ ์ƒ‰์ƒ์„ ๋งŽ์ด ๋„ฃ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:02
that feeling that they would have got when theyย  were out - that excitement and that buzz. It seemsย ย 
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋‚˜๊ฐ”์„ ๋•Œ - ๊ทธ ํฅ๋ถ„๊ณผ ๊ทธ ์œ™์œ™๊ฑฐ๋ฆผ์„ ์–ป์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:08
that in our normal busy working lives, our homesย  were peaceful places and somewhere to relax - theyย ย 
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์ผ์ƒ์ ์ธ ๋ฐ”์œ ์ง์žฅ ์ƒํ™œ์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ง‘ ์€ ํ‰ํ™”๋กœ์šด ๊ณณ์ด์ž ํœด์‹์ฒ˜์ธ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
16:14
were a sanctuary. To create this relaxing space,ย  we use pale colours - ones that lack intensity,ย ย 
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. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์•ˆ์‹์ฒ˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ํŽธ์•ˆํ•œ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ•˜๋Š˜์ƒ‰ ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๊ฐ•๋ ฌํ•จ์ด ๋ถ€์กฑํ•œ ์˜…์€ ์ƒ‰์ƒ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉ
16:21
like sky blue. But during the recent lockdowns,ย  when we weren't outside much, we tried to getย ย 
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ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ตœ๊ทผ ๋ฝ๋‹ค์šด ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ–์— ๋งŽ์ด ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๋•Œ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
16:26
that stimulation - that excitement or experienceย  - by decorating our homes with brighter colour.ย ย 
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์ง‘์„ ๋” ๋ฐ์€ ์ƒ‰์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์žฅ์‹ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ๊ทธ ์ž๊ทน, ์ฆ‰ ํฅ๋ถ„์ด๋‚˜ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์„ ์–ป์œผ๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:33
Such as yellow! Hmmm, perhaps a little tooย  bright for me! It is all about personal tasteย ย 
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๋…ธ๋ž€์ƒ‰๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€! ์Œ, ์ €์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋ฐ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ! ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์ธ ์ทจํ–ฅ
16:39
and the connections we make with the colours weย  see but it makes sense that brighter colours canย ย 
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๊ณผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๋Š” ์ƒ‰์ƒ๊ณผ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฐ์€ ์ƒ‰์ƒ์ด ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์„ ์ข‹๊ฒŒ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ด์น˜์— ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
16:44
certainly lift our mood. Now, earlier I askedย  you, Georgina, do you know what the splittingย ย 
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. ์ž, ์ด์ „์— ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ ์„ ๋“œ๋ ธ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”, Georgina๋‹˜,
16:50
of white light into its different colours isย  called? Is it... a) dispersion, b) reflection,ย ย 
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๋ฐฑ์ƒ‰๊ด‘์„ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์ƒ‰์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฌด์—‡ ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•„์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€... a) ๋ถ„์‚ฐ, b) ๋ฐ˜์‚ฌ,
16:57
or c) refraction? And I said it was refraction.ย  Sorry Georgina, that's wrong. It is actuallyย ย 
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๋˜๋Š” c) ๊ตด์ ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ตด์ ˆ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฏธ์•ˆ ์กฐ์ง€๋‚˜, ํ‹€๋ ธ์–ด. ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ
17:04
called dispersion. Back to school for you - butย  not before we recap some of today's vocabulary.ย ย 
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๋ถ„์‚ฐ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•™๊ต๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€์„ธ์š” - ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์˜ค๋Š˜์˜ ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ์š”์•ฝํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์—๋Š” ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:10
OK. Firstly we can describe someone who wishesย  they had what someone else has, as being greenย ย 
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์ข‹์•„์š”. ๋จผ์ € ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ
17:16
with envy. We also talked about a wavelengthย  - the distance between two waves of sound orย ย 
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์„ ๋ถ€๋Ÿฌ์›Œํ•˜๋Š” ๋…น์ƒ‰์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ ํŒŒ์žฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
17:22
light that are next to each other. To governย  means to control or influence. A sanctuary canย ย 
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. ์ฆ‰, ์„œ๋กœ ์ธ์ ‘ํ•œ ๋‘ ์ŒํŒŒ ๋˜๋Š” ๋น› ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์Šค๋ฆฐ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ†ต์ œํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ๋ ฅ์„ ํ–‰์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•ˆ์‹์ฒ˜
17:28
be a peaceful or relaxing place - in some casesย  it can be a safe place for someone in danger.ย ย 
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๋Š” ํ‰ํ™”๋กญ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํŽธ์•ˆํ•œ ์žฅ์†Œ ๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์œ„ํ—˜์— ์ฒ˜ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ์•ˆ์ „ํ•œ ์žฅ์†Œ๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:34
Stimulation describes the feeling of beingย  excited, interested or enthused by something. Andย ย 
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์ž๊ทน์€ ํฅ๋ถ„, ๊ด€์‹ฌ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์— ์—ด๊ด‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๋Š๋‚Œ์„ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
17:40
pale describes a colour that lacks intensity, it'sย  not very bright - and for me, they're much betterย ย 
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์˜…์€ ์ƒ‰์€ ๊ฐ•๋„๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€์กฑํ•œ ์ƒ‰์„ ๋งํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๋ณ„๋กœ ๋ฐ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €
17:46
than a bold bright yellow! Well, Georgina, thanksย  for showing your true colours! That's all for now,ย ย 
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์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ๊ตต๊ณ  ๋ฐ์€ ๋…ธ๋ž€์ƒ‰๋ณด๋‹ค ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋‚ซ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค! ์Œ, Georgina, ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ง„์ •ํ•œ ์ƒ‰๊น”์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค˜์„œ ๊ณ ๋งˆ์›Œ์š”! ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:53
but we'll be picking another topic to discuss outย  of the blue, next time. Don't forget you can hearย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹ค์Œ์— ๊ฐ‘์ž๊ธฐ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ฃผ์ œ๋ฅผ ์„ ํƒํ•˜์—ฌ ๋…ผ์˜ํ•  ์˜ˆ์ •์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €ํฌ ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ bbclearningenglish.com์—์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ 6๋ถ„ ์˜์–ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ๋“ฑ์„ ๋“ค์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์žŠ์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
17:59
other 6 Minute English programmes and much moreย  on our website at bbclearningenglish.com - andย ย 
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18:06
we're always posting stuff on our socialย  media platforms. Bye for now. Goodbye.ย ย 
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์ €ํฌ๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ์†Œ์…œ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด ํ”Œ๋žซํผ์— ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๊ฒŒ์‹œํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์•ˆ๋…•. ์•ˆ๋…•ํžˆ ๊ฐ€์„ธ์š”.
18:17
Hello. This is 6 Minute English from BBCย  Learning English. Iโ€™m Neil. And Iโ€™m Sam.ย ย 
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ BBC Learning English์—์„œ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” 6๋ถ„ ์˜์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ €๋Š” ๋‹์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ์ƒ˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:22
We often hear phrases such as, โ€˜dream bigโ€™ย  or, โ€˜reach for the starsโ€™ which reflect anย ย 
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‚™๊ด€์ ์ธ ์ธ์ƒ๊ด€์„ ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•˜๋Š” 'ํฐ ๊ฟˆ' ๋˜๋Š” '๋ณ„์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ•˜๊ธฐ'์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ž์ฃผ ๋“ฃ
18:28
optimistic view of life. Are you an optimist, Sam?ย  I hope so! I try to see the positive side of life,ย ย 
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์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‚™์ฒœ์ฃผ์˜์ž์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ, ์ƒ˜? ๋‚˜๋Š” ํฌ๋งํ•œ๋‹ค! ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‚˜์œ ์ผ์ด ์ƒ๊ธฐ๋”๋ผ๋„ ์‚ถ์˜ ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ๋ฉด์„ ๋ณด๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅ
18:35
even when something bad happens. It sounds likeย  youโ€™re a glass-half-full person โ€“ someone whoย ย 
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ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:40
always thinks that good things will happen.ย  How about you, Neil? Are you optimistic? Look,ย ย 
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ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ข‹์€ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋„Œ ์–ด๋•Œ, ๋‹? ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‚™๊ด€์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๋ณด์„ธ์š”,
18:46
things go wrong all the time - thatโ€™s a fact ofย  life. Call me a pessimist if you like but Iโ€™mย ย 
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์ƒํ™ฉ์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ž˜๋ชป๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‚ถ์˜ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์›ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ €๋ฅผ ๋น„๊ด€๋ก ์ž๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด์„ธ์š”. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ €๋Š”
18:51
just being realistic. Hmm, it sounds likeย  Neil is more of a glass-half-empty person,ย ย 
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๊ทธ์ € ํ˜„์‹ค์ ์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์Œ, Neil์€ ์œ ๋ฆฌ์ž”์ด ๋ฐ˜์ฏค ๋น„์–ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ
18:56
but the truth is that the age-old debate betweenย  optimism and pessimism is more complex than weย ย 
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์— ๊ฐ€๊น์ง€๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์‹ค ๋‚™๊ด€๋ก ๊ณผ ๋น„๊ด€๋ก  ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ์˜ค๋ž˜๋œ ๋…ผ์Ÿ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€
19:02
think. Yes, whether youโ€™re a sunny optimist or aย  gloomy pessimist may be determined more by yourย ย 
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์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๋ณต์žกํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ, ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ฐ์€ ๋‚™๊ด€์ฃผ์˜์ž์ธ์ง€ ์šฐ์šธํ•œ ๋น„๊ด€์ฃผ์˜์ž์ธ์ง€๋Š” ์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์—์„œ ์•Œ์•„๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
19:08
birthplace and your age than your attitude, asย  weโ€™ll be finding out in this programme. Great.ย ย 
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๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ํƒœ๋„๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ์ถœ์ƒ์ง€์™€ ๋‚˜์ด์— ์˜ํ•ด ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ๊ฒฐ์ •๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ.
19:13
Iโ€™ve got a good feeling about this, Neil! Butย  first, as usual, I have a question for you, Sam.ย ย 
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๊ธฐ๋ถ„์ด ์ข‹์•„, ๋‹! ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋จผ์ € ๋Š˜ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋“ฏ์ด Sam์—๊ฒŒ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:18
Psychologists define optimism as an attitudeย  which overestimates the chances of good thingsย ย 
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์‹ฌ๋ฆฌํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ๋‚™๊ด€์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ์ข‹์€ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์€ ๊ณผ๋Œ€ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ 
19:24
happening to you, while underestimatingย  the chances of bad things occurring.ย ย 
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๋‚˜์œ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์€ ๊ณผ์†Œํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ํƒœ๋„๋ผ๊ณ  ์ •์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:29
So, what proportion of the British population,ย  do you think, describe themselves as optimistic?ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์˜๊ตญ ์ธ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ช‡ ํผ์„ผํŠธ๊ฐ€ ์ž์‹ ์„ ๋‚™๊ด€์ ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
19:35
Is it: a) 20 percent? b) 50 percent? or, c) 80ย  percent? Iโ€™ll choose the largest โ€“ 80 percentโ€ฆ OK,ย ย 
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a) 20ํผ์„ผํŠธ? b) 50ํผ์„ผํŠธ? ๋˜๋Š” c) 80 ํผ์„ผํŠธ? ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ๊ฐ’์ธ 80%๋ฅผ ์„ ํƒํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค... ์ข‹์•„์š”,
19:42
Sam. Weโ€™ll find out if your optimistic answer isย  the correct one later in the programme. Someoneย ย 
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Sam. ๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ๋‚™๊ด€์ ์ธ ๋‹ต๋ณ€์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์˜ ํ›„๋ฐ˜๋ถ€์—์„œ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ์ง€ ์•Œ์•„๋‚ผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:48
who probably wouldnโ€™t agree with you, though, isย  BBC World Service listener, Hannah. Hannah grewย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ์— ๋™์˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ BBC World Service ์ฒญ์ทจ์ž Hannah์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Hannah๋Š”
19:53
up in Germany before moving to the United States.ย  She thinks Americans tend to be more optimisticย ย 
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ์œผ๋กœ ์ด์ฃผํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ๋…์ผ์—์„œ ์ž๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:00
than people back home in Germany, as she toldย  BBC World Service programme, CrowdScience:ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” BBC World Service ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ธ CrowdScience์—์„œ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ๋“ค์ด ๋…์ผ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณ ํ–ฅ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๋‚™๊ด€์ 
20:05
Well, I think the stereotypical perceptionsย  of Germans is that weโ€™re quite pessimisticย ย 
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20:10
and that kind of tends to come across as beingย  a bit of a Debbie Downer, when in actuality,ย ย 
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์ธ ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋ฐ๋น„ ๋‹ค์šฐ๋„ˆ(Debbie Downer)์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ์‹ค
20:16
Germans just tend to be avid planners for allย  eventual negative eventualities as wellโ€ฆ soย ย 
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๋…์ผ์ธ์€ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋„ ์—ด๋ ฌํ•œ ๊ณ„ํš์„ ์„ธ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:22
thatโ€™s kind of us being pessimistic but actuallyย  being cautious, as opposed to for example,ย ย 
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20:28
what Iโ€™ve notice in America that a lot of peopleย  tend to be hyper-optimistic. Iโ€™ve always admiredย ย 
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค ์ด ์ง€๋‚˜์น˜๊ฒŒ ๋‚™๊ด€์ ์ธ ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ
20:34
how Americans tend to be able to sugarcoatย  everything. As a stereotypical pessimist,ย ย 
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ๋“ค์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์— ์„คํƒ•์„ ์ž…ํžˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์— ๊ฐํƒ„ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ํ‹€์— ๋ฐ•ํžŒ ์—ผ์„ธ์ฃผ์˜
20:39
Hannah sometimes feels like a Debbie Downer. Thisย  expression is American slang for someone who makesย ย 
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์ž์ธ Hannah๋Š” ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ Debbie Downer์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋Š๊ปด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ํ‘œํ˜„์€ ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ
20:45
others feel bad by focussing on the depressingย  aspects of things. Americans, on the other hand,ย ย 
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์˜ ์šฐ์šธํ•œ ์ธก๋ฉด์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๊ธฐ๋ถ„ ๋‚˜์˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฆฌํ‚ค๋Š” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์‹ ์†์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด์— ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ
20:51
are typically seen as optimists who tend toย  sugarcoat things โ€“ make things seem betterย ย 
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์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ์„ ๊ณผ์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‚™๊ด€์ฃผ์˜์ž๋กœ ๊ฐ„์ฃผ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
20:57
than they really are. According to Hannah, manyย  Americans are hyper-optimistic. She uses theย ย 
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. ์ฆ‰, ์‹ค์ œ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ์ข‹๊ฒŒ ๋ณด์ด๋„๋ก ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Hannah์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ๋งŽ์€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ๋“ค์ด ์ง€๋‚˜์น˜๊ฒŒ ๋‚™๊ด€์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š”
21:02
prefix hyper to say that there is too much of aย  certain quality. Hyper-sensitive people are tooย ย 
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์ ‘๋‘์‚ฌ ํ•˜์ดํผ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ํŠน์ • ํ’ˆ์งˆ์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ณผ๋ฏผํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด
21:09
sensitive; a hyper-optimist is too optimistic.ย  Besides your country of birth, age is anotherย ย 
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๋ฏผ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง€๋‚˜์น˜๊ฒŒ ๋‚™๊ด€์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋‚™๊ด€์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚™์ฒœ์ฃผ์˜ ๋…ผ์Ÿ ์—์„œ ์ถœ์ƒ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ์™ธ์— ๋‚˜์ด๋„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์š”์†Œ
21:16
consideration in the optimism debate. When weโ€™reย  young we have our whole life ahead of us, and itโ€™sย ย 
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์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ Š์„ ๋•Œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ‰์ƒ์„ ์•ž๋‘๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
21:21
easier to optimistically believe that everythingโ€™sย  going to be alright. The belief that everythingโ€™sย ย 
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๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ž˜ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋‚™๊ด€์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฏฟ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋” ์‰ฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋ชจ๋“ 
21:26
going to be fine is called โ€˜the optimism biasโ€™.ย  It isnโ€™t fixed but changes as we age - somethingย ย 
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๊ฒƒ์ด ์ž˜ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋ฏฟ์Œ์„ '๋‚™๊ด€์ฃผ์˜ ํŽธํ–ฅ'์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ณ ์ •๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋‚˜์ด๊ฐ€ ๋“ค๋ฉด์„œ ๋ณ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:33
neuroscientist, Professor Tali Sharot, explainedย  to BBC World Service programme, CrowdScience:ย ย 
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์‹ ๊ฒฝ๊ณผํ•™์ž Tali Sharot ๊ต์ˆ˜ ๋Š” BBC World Service ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ธ CrowdScience์—์„œ
21:39
So itโ€™s quite high in kids and teenagers โ€“ theyย  think, โ€˜Oh, everythingโ€™s going to be fineโ€™,ย ย 
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๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์„ค๋ช…ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด์™€ ์‹ญ๋Œ€์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ์ˆ˜์น˜๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๋‹นํžˆ ๋†’์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:44
you know, and then it goes down, down, down andย  it hits rock bottom in your midlife at which pointย ย 
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21:49
the optimism bias is relatively small, and thenย  it starts climbing up again and itโ€™s quite highย ย 
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๋‚™๊ด€์ฃผ์˜ ํŽธํ–ฅ์ด ์ƒ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ž‘์€ ์‹œ์ ์ธ ์ค‘๋…„์— ๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ์„ ์น˜๊ณ  ๋‹ค์‹œ ์˜ค๋ฅด๊ธฐ
21:55
in the elderly population, and that goesย  absolutely against our view of the grumpy oldย ย 
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์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋…ธ์ธ ์ธ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์ƒ๋‹นํžˆ ๋†’์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์ ˆ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹ฌ์ˆ ๊ถ‚์€ ๋…ธ์ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ
22:01
man, or woman. After starting out high inย  children, the optimism bias hits rock bottom โ€“ theย ย 
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. ๋‚™๊ด€์ฃผ์˜ ํŽธํ–ฅ์€ ์–ด๋ฆฐ ์‹œ์ ˆ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋†’๊ฒŒ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•œ ํ›„
22:06
lowest possible level โ€“ in middle age, oftenย  because of work pressures, family responsibilitiesย ย 
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์ค‘๋…„์— ์ตœ์ €์ , ์ฆ‰ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋‚ฎ์€ ์ˆ˜์ค€์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข…์ข… ์—…๋ฌด ์••๋ฐ•,
22:13
or caring for elderly parents. But optimismย  seems to increase again as we get older. This isย ย 
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๊ฐ€์กฑ ์ฑ…์ž„ ๋˜๋Š” ์—ฐ๋กœํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋ฅผ ๋Œ๋ด์•ผ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋‚™๊ด€์ฃผ์˜ ๋Š” ๋‚˜์ด๊ฐ€ ๋“ค๋ฉด์„œ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€
22:19
surprising as it goes against the image we have ofย  the grumpy old man โ€“ a phrase to describe someoneย ย 
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์‹ฌ์ˆ ๊ถ‚์€ ๋…ธ์ธ์˜ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€์— ๋ฐ˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋†€๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š”
22:25
who complains a lot, is moody and gets easilyย  annoyed. Optimistic women, meanwhile, can lookย ย 
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๋ถˆํ‰์„ ๋งŽ์ด ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ณ€๋•์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ณ  ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ์งœ์ฆ์„ ๋‚ด๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•œํŽธ ๋‚™๊ด€์ ์ธ ์—ฌ์„ฑ
22:32
forward to longer, healthier lives. Good news forย  you then, Sam! But Iโ€™m sticking with my pessimism.ย ย 
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์€ ๋” ๊ธธ๊ณ  ๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•œ ์‚ถ์„ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์ข‹์€ ์†Œ์‹์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ์ƒ˜! ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋น„๊ด€๋ก ์„ ๊ณ ์ˆ˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:38
If I anticipate things going wrong I donโ€™t getย  disappointed when they do! Thatโ€™s actually aย ย 
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์ผ์ด ์ž˜๋ชป๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์˜ˆ์ƒ ํ•ด๋„ ์‹ค๋งํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค! ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ
22:44
fairly positive way of looking at things, Neil,ย  but Iโ€™m not sure if most people would agree withย ย 
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์‚ฌ๋ฌผ์„ ๋ณด๋Š” ์ƒ๋‹นํžˆ ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๋‹, ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋™์˜ํ• ์ง€
22:49
you โ€“ or maybe they wouldโ€ฆ It depends on theย  answer to your questionโ€ฆ Right. I asked Sam whatย ย 
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ํ™•์‹ ์ด ์„œ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” Sam
22:55
proportion of British people describe themselvesย  as optimistic. And optimistically, I said it wasย ย 
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์—๊ฒŒ ์ž์‹ ์„ ๋‚™๊ด€์ ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ์˜๊ตญ์ธ์˜ ๋น„์œจ์„ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚™๊ด€์ ์œผ๋กœ, ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด
23:01
c) 80 percent. Which wasโ€ฆ the correct answer!ย  Of course it was. Whether you expect good or badย ย 
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c) 80ํผ์„ผํŠธ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ด๋Š ๊ฒƒ์ดโ€ฆ ์ •๋‹ต์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค! ๋ฌผ๋ก  ๊ทธ๋žฌ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ์ข‹์€
23:08
things to happen to you, youโ€™re probably right.ย  So why not focus on the sunny side of life, Neil?ย ย 
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์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•˜๋“  ๋‚˜์œ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋“ , ์•„๋งˆ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์˜ณ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์ธ์ƒ์˜ ๋ฐ์€ ๋ฉด์— ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋งž์ถ”๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์–ด๋•Œ์š”, ๋‹?
23:14
That way, youโ€™ve got nothing to lose! OK, letโ€™sย  recap the vocabulary from this programme, Sam.ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ์žƒ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค! ์ข‹์•„์š”, ์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์˜ ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ์š”์•ฝํ•ด ๋ณผ๊นŒ์š”, ์ƒ˜.
23:20
Youโ€™re certainly a glass-half-full person โ€“ย  someone with an optimistic attitude to life.ย ย 
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ๋ฐ˜์ฏค ์ฐฌ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ธ์ƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋‚™๊ด€์ ์ธ ํƒœ๋„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:25
And youโ€™re something of a Debbie Downerย  - American slang for someone who bringsย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์€ Debbie Downer ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. - ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ
23:30
everyone down by talking about the negativeย  side of things. If you sugarcoat something,ย ย 
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์˜ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ์ธก๋ฉด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ์‹ค๋ง์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฆฌํ‚ค๋Š” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์†์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์— ์„คํƒ•์„ ์ž…ํžŒ
23:35
you make it appear more positive than it reallyย  is. The prefix hyper is used before an adjectiveย ย 
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๋‹ค๋ฉด ์‹ค์ œ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๊ธ์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์ด๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ ‘๋‘์‚ฌ hyper๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ ์•ž์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ
23:42
to show having too much of that quality,ย  for example hypercritical means beingย ย 
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๋˜์–ด ํ•ด๋‹น ํ’ˆ์งˆ์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด hypercritical์€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋น„ํŒ์ ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ
23:48
too critical. If something hits rock bottom itย  reaches its lowest possible level. And finally,ย ย 
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์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ•˜๋ฉด ์ตœ์ € ์ˆ˜์ค€์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ
23:54
the phrase grumpy old man can be used toย  describe someone who always complains,ย ย 
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grumpy old man์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋ถˆํ‰
24:00
is intolerant and gets annoyed easilyโ€ฆ a bitย like Neil! Thank you very much. Unfortunately our six minutes are up,ย ย but
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ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ฐธ์„์„ฑ์ด ์—†๊ณ  ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ์งœ์ฆ์„ ๋‚ด๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ Neil์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ์š”! ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ๋„ 6๋ถ„์ด
24:08
join us again soon for more trending topicsย and useful vocabulary here at 6 Minute English.ย Goodbye for now. Bye!
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๋๋‚ฌ์ง€๋งŒ ๊ณง 6๋ถ„ ์˜์–ด์—์„œ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์ธ๊ธฐ ์ฃผ์ œ์™€ ์œ ์šฉํ•œ ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์•ˆ๋…•. ์•ˆ๋…•!
24:21
Hello. This is 6 Minuteย  English from BBC Learning English. I'm Sam.ย ย 
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. BBC Learning English์˜ 6๋ถ„ ์˜์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ์ƒ˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:26
And I'm Neil. In this programme, we're discussingย  something we've heard a lot about during theย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ๋‹์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํŒฌ๋ฐ๋ฏน ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ๋งŽ์ด ๋“ค์—ˆ๋˜ ์นœ์ ˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋…ผ์˜ํ•˜๊ณ 
24:30
pandemic - kindness. When was the last time youย  did something kind for someone else, Sam? Hmmm,ย ย 
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์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ์นœ์ ˆํ•œ ์ผ์„ ํ•œ ๊ฒŒ ์–ธ์ œ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”, ์ƒ˜? ์Œ,
24:36
I gave my mum flowers last week. Ah, thatย  was kind. And how did it feel? It felt goodย ย 
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์ง€๋‚œ์ฃผ์— ์—„๋งˆ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฝƒ์„ ๋“œ๋ ธ์–ด์š”. ์•„ , ์นœ์ ˆํ–ˆ์–ด์š”. ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์ด ์–ด๋• ๋‚˜์š”?
24:42
knowing I'd made her happy. Right! It's somethingย  that psychologists are starting to proveย ย 
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋…€๋ฅผ ํ–‰๋ณตํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์— ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์ด ์ข‹์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ! ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌํ•™์ž๋“ค์ด ๊ณผํ•™์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฆ๋ช…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘
24:46
scientifically but that most of us knew all along:ย  we feel just as good being kind to someone elseย ย 
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ํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ์ค„๊ณง ์•Œ๊ณ 
24:52
as when someone is kind to us. It reminds meย  of something called a random act of kindness.ย ย 
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์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์นœ์ ˆํ•  ๋•Œ๋งŒํผ ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์ด ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌด์ž‘์œ„ ์นœ์ ˆ ํ–‰์œ„๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ƒ๊ฐ๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:59
Have you heard of that, Neil? Yes, things likeย  helping a stranger cross the road - small,ย ย 
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๋“ค์–ด๋ดค์–ด, ๋‹? ์˜ˆ, ๋‚ฏ์„  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๊ธธ์„ ๊ฑด๋„ˆ๋Š”
25:04
everyday things people do to help others forย  no other reason than to make them happy. Yes,ย ย 
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๊ฒƒ์„ ๋•๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค ์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ํ–‰๋ณตํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์ฃผ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ•˜๋Š” ์ž‘์€ ์ผ์ƒ์ ์ธ ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ
25:09
and one of the main benefits of being kindย  is that we feel the kindness in ourselves.ย ย 
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, ์นœ์ ˆํ•จ์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ์ด์  ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ๋Š” ์นœ์ ˆํ•จ์„ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ๋Š๋‚€๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:15
It's called 'the gift that keeps on giving'ย  - and it reminds me of my quiz question.ย ย 
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ '๊ณ„์† ์ฃผ๋Š” ์„ ๋ฌผ'์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. - ์ œ ํ€ด์ฆˆ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด ์ƒ๊ฐ๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:20
In 2021, a global survey conducted for the BBC'sย  'Kindness Test' asked people to name their topย ย 
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2021๋…„์— BBC์˜ '์นœ์ ˆ ํ…Œ์ŠคํŠธ'๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‹ค์‹œํ•œ ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ์„ค๋ฌธ์กฐ์‚ฌ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์ด
25:28
five random acts of kindness. So which kind actย  came top? Was it: a) giving someone a smile? b)ย ย 
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ํ•œ ์นœ์ ˆ ํ–‰๋™ 5๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ฌด์ž‘์œ„๋กœ ์ง€์ •ํ•ด ๋‹ฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ์š”์ฒญํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ค ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ํ–‰๋™ ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์ด ๋‚˜์™”๋‚˜์š”? ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€: a) ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฏธ์†Œ๋ฅผ ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? b)
25:38
giving someone a hug? or c) giving someone yourย  time to just listen? They all sound wonderful butย ย 
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์•ˆ์•„์ฃผ๋‚˜์š”? ๋˜๋Š” c) ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๋“ค์„ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ์ฃผ๋‚˜์š”? ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ์ง€๋งŒ
25:46
what I'd really like is a nice big hug! OK, Neil,ย  we'll find out later if that's the right answer.ย ย 
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ง๋กœ ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฉ‹์ง„ ํฌ์˜น์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค! ๋„ค, ๋‹, ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์ •๋‹ต์ธ์ง€๋Š” ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ์•Œ์•„๋ณผ๊ฒŒ์š”.
25:52
Now, that good feeling Sam got from giving herย  mum flowers is something psychologists have becomeย ย 
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์ด์ œ Sam์ด ์—„๋งˆ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฝƒ์„ ์ฃผ๋ฉด์„œ ์–ป์€ ์ข‹์€ ๋Š๋‚Œ ์€ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌํ•™์ž๋“ค์ด
25:58
very interested in. During the past decadeย  over a thousand academic papers were writtenย ย 
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๋งค์šฐ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง€๋‚œ 10๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ '์นœ์ ˆ'์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์šฉ์–ด๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•˜์—ฌ ์ฒœ ๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ๋„˜๋Š” ํ•™์ˆ  ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์ด ์ž‘์„ฑ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
26:03
including the term 'kindness'. The author ofย  one such paper is Dr Dan Campbell-Meiklejohn,ย ย 
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. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์˜ ์ €์ž๋Š”
26:09
senior psychologist at the University of Sussex,ย  and researcher for the BBC's Kindness Test. Hereย ย 
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Sussex ๋Œ€ํ•™์˜ ์ˆ˜์„ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌํ•™์ž ์ด์ž BBC์˜ ์นœ์ ˆ ํ…Œ์ŠคํŠธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์›์ธ Dan Campbell-Meiklejohn ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์Œ
26:16
is Dr Campbell-Meiklejohn discussing his findingsย  with BBC World Service programme, Health Check.ย ย 
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์€ Campbell-Meiklejohn ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ ๊ฐ€ BBC World Service ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ธ Health Check์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋…ผ์˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‚ด์šฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:22
What we know from the science is, and what canย  seem counter-intuitive because giving can costย ย 
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๊ณผํ•™์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฒ ํ‘ธ๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋น„์šฉ์ด ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ง๊ด€์— ๋ฐ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ผ
26:28
something of ourselves, is that we can experienceย  a sense of reward when we are kind to others... soย ย 
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์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ์นœ์ ˆํ•  ๋•Œ ๋ณด์ƒ์„ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ
26:34
like, when we eat a yummy food or have a pleasantย  surprise, the parts of our brain that help usย ย 
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๋“ค์–ด ๋ง›์žˆ๋Š” ์Œ์‹์„ ๋จน์„ ๋•Œ ๋˜๋Š” ์œ ์พŒํ•œ ๋†€๋ผ์›€,
26:39
remember these nice experiences and motivated usย  to do them again and again - they become activeย ย 
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ข‹์€ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•ด์„œ ํ•˜๋„๋ก ๋™๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋‡Œ์˜ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์€
26:44
when we're kind. And we call this feelingย  a warm glow. Usually giving something away,ย ย 
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์นœ์ ˆํ•  ๋•Œ ํ™œ์„ฑํ™”๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด ๋Š๋‚Œ ์„ ๋”ฐ๋œปํ•œ ๋น›์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:50
money for example, means we no longerย  possess it. But kindness is different:ย ย 
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๋ˆ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋” ์ด์ƒ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์†Œ์œ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์นœ์ ˆ์€ ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:56
both the giver of kindness and the receiverย  experience what Dr Campbell-Meiklejohn callsย ย 
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์นœ์ ˆ์„ ๋ฒ ํ‘ธ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๊ณผ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ ๋ชจ๋‘ Campbell-Meiklejohn ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๊ฐ€
27:02
a warm glow - an inner feeling of happiness.ย  Nevertheless, for some people giving somethingย ย 
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๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋”ฐ๋œปํ•œ ๋น›, ์ฆ‰ ๋‚ด๋ฉด์˜ ํ–‰๋ณต๊ฐ์„ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์ผ๋ถ€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
27:08
away equals losing it, so for them beingย  kind seems counter-intuitive - opposite toย ย 
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์žƒ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์นœ์ ˆ
27:15
the way you expect things should happen. Butย  on a chemical level the brain doesn't agree!ย ย 
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ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹๊ณผ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋กœ ์ง๊ด€์— ๋ฐ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํ™”ํ•™์  ์ˆ˜์ค€์—์„œ๋Š” ๋‡Œ๊ฐ€ ๋™์˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
27:20
For our brain, being kind feels as good as anyย  other pleasurable activity, for example eatingย ย 
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋‘๋‡Œ์— ์นœ์ ˆํ•จ์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์šด ํ™œ๋™๋งŒํผ ๊ธฐ๋ถ„
27:26
something yummy - something delicious whichย  tastes good. OK, Sam, I can see that being kindย ย 
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์ข‹๊ฒŒ ๋Š๊ปด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ข‹์•„, ์ƒ˜, ์นœ์ ˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋Œ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‚ด ๊ฐœ์ธ ์ƒํ™œ์—์„œ ์ข‹๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด
27:32
is great in my personal life. But what about theย  ruthless world of business or politics - surelyย ย 
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. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฌด์ž๋น„ํ•œ ๋น„์ฆˆ๋‹ˆ์Šค๋‚˜ ์ •์น˜์˜ ์„ธ๊ณ„๋Š”
27:38
there's no place for kindness there? It's trueย  that in many countries politics involves fierceย ย 
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์–ด๋–ป์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ์นœ์ ˆ์„ ๋ฒ ํ’€ ๊ณณ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๋งŽ์€ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์—์„œ ์ •์น˜๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹ ๊ณผ
27:44
debate and criticism of anyone who disagreesย  with you. But there are those who believe itย ย 
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๋™์˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฒฉ๋ ฌํ•œ ๋…ผ์Ÿ๊ณผ ๋น„ํŒ์„ ์ˆ˜๋ฐ˜ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋Ÿด ํ•„์š”๋Š” ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ๋Š”
27:49
doesn't have to be like that. Jennifer Nagelย  for one. She's co-director of a movement calledย ย 
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” Jennifer Nagel์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” Compassion in Politics๋ผ๋Š” ์šด๋™์˜ ๊ณต๋™ ์ฑ…์ž„์ž์ด์ž
27:56
Compassion in Politics and author of the book, We,ย  written with the actor Gillian Anderson. Listen asย ย 
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๋ฐฐ์šฐ Gillian Anderson๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์“ด ์ฑ… We์˜ ์ €์ž์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:02
Jennifer explains her vision to BBC World Serviceย  programme, Health Check. Compassionate leadershipย ย 
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Jennifer๊ฐ€ BBC World Service ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ธ Health Check์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๋น„์ „์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋“ค์–ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ์ž๋น„๋กœ์šด ๋ฆฌ๋”์‹ญ
28:10
leads to inclusive, cooperative outcomes whichย  lead to fairer societies, lower crime rates,ย ย 
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์€ ํฌ๊ด„์ ์ด๊ณ  ํ˜‘๋ ฅ์ ์ธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋กœ ์ด์–ด์ ธ ๋” ๊ณต์ •ํ•œ ์‚ฌํšŒ, ๋‚ฎ์€ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์œจ,
28:17
higher levels of health and wellbeing. And yetย  we have this idea that compassion somehow doesn'tย ย 
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๋” ๋†’์€ ์ˆ˜์ค€์˜ ๊ฑด๊ฐ• ๋ฐ ์›ฐ๋น™์œผ๋กœ ์ด์–ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์—ฐ๋ฏผ์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ๋“  ์†ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ 
28:22
belong, that it can be dismissed in the sameย  way as women have been dismissed as somethingย ย 
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์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ด
28:26
fluffy and a nice idea but not really practical.ย  But in fact, the science behind compassionย ย 
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๋ณด์†ก๋ณด์†กํ•˜๊ณ  ์ข‹์€ ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด์ง€๋งŒ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š” ์‹ค์šฉ์ ์ด์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ๋œ ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์—ฐ๋ฏผ์ด ๊ธฐ๊ฐ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์‹ค ์—ฐ๋ฏผ์˜ ๋ฐฐํ›„์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณผํ•™์€ ์—ฐ๋ฏผ
28:32
is that it actually takes courage to act withย  compassion. Jennifer wants politics to be basedย ย 
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์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ํ–‰๋™ํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์šฉ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ๋‹ˆํผ๋Š”
28:38
on compassion - a strong feeling of empathy withย  the suffering of others and a wish to help them.ย ย 
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์—ฐ๋ฏผ, ์ฆ‰ ํƒ€์ธ์˜ ๊ณ ํ†ต์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ๊ณต๊ฐ๊ณผ ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ๋•๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ์†Œ๋ง์— ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ํ•œ ์ •์น˜๋ฅผ ์›ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:44
She says kindness is sometimesย  dismissed as fluffy - soft and woolly,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์นœ์ ˆ์ด ๋•Œ๋กœ ๋ณด์†ก๋ณด์†กํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌด์‹œ๋œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
28:49
something not considered serious or important.ย  But in fact, being compassionate is not easyย ย 
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. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์‹ค ๋™์ •์‹ฌ์€ ์‰ฝ์ง€
28:56
and takes courage. Jennifer's is a strong voiceย  for a kinder, more compassionate society. But Iย ย 
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์•Š๊ณ  ์šฉ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Jennifer's๋Š” ๋” ์นœ์ ˆํ•˜๊ณ  ์ž๋น„๋กœ์šด ์‚ฌํšŒ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ๋ชฉ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
29:03
bet even she could use a random act of kindnessย  now and again... maybe a hug? Ah that's right,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋…€๋„ ์ด๋”ฐ๊ธˆ ์นœ์ ˆํ•œ ํ–‰๋™์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ ์žฅ๋‹ด ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค... ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ํฌ์˜น? ์•„ ๋งž๋‹ค,
29:08
Neil, a hug was one of the top five random actsย  of kindness I asked about in my quiz question,ย ย 
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๋‹, ํฌ์˜น์€ ๋ฏธ์†Œ ์ง“๊ณ  ๊ฒฝ์ฒญํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ํ€ด์ฆˆ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์—์„œ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณธ ์ƒ์œ„ 5๊ฐ€์ง€ ์นœ์ ˆํ•œ ํ–‰๋™ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
29:14
along with smiling and listening. But which cameย  out on top? I said it was b) giving someone a hug.ย ย 
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. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ž˜ ๋‚˜์™”๋‚˜์š”? ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด b) ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์•ˆ์•„์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
29:21
So, was I right? Giving a hug was... the wrongย  answer, I'm afraid. The number one random act ofย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ, ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋งž์•˜์–ด? ์•ˆ์•„์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฑด ... ์˜ค๋‹ต์ด์—ˆ์–ด์š”. ์นœ์ ˆํ•จ์˜ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌด์ž‘์œ„ ํ–‰๋™
29:28
kindness was a) giving a smile. But don't worry,ย  Neil - I have a big hug waiting for you here! Ah,ย ย 
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์€ a) ๋ฏธ์†Œ๋ฅผ ์ง€์–ด์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”, Neil - ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ํฐ ํฌ์˜น์ด ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”! ์•„,
29:35
thanks, Sam, that's so kind! OK, let's recap theย  vocabulary from this discussion about random actsย ย 
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๊ณ ๋งˆ์›Œ์š”, ์ƒ˜, ์ •๋ง ์นœ์ ˆํ•ด์š”! ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌด์ž‘์œ„๋กœ ์นœ์ ˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ์ด ํ† ๋ก ์˜ ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ์š”์•ฝํ•ด
29:41
of kindness - small things people do to be kind toย  others. Something counter-intuitive doesn't happenย ย 
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๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง๊ด€์— ๋ฐ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ
29:48
in the way you expect it to. Yummy means deliciousย  or tasting very good. A warm glow describes theย ย 
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์ด ์˜ˆ์ƒ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Yummy๋Š” ๋ง›์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋˜๋Š” ์•„์ฃผ ์ข‹์€ ๋ง›์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋œปํ•œ ๋น›์€ ์นœ์ ˆํ•œ
29:55
pleasant inner feeling of happiness at doingย  something kind. Compassion is a feeling ofย ย 
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์ผ์„ ํ•  ๋•Œ ๋Š๋ผ๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ถ„ ์ข‹์€ ๋‚ด๋ฉด์˜ ํ–‰๋ณต๊ฐ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€ ๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๋ฏผ
30:00
sympathy for the suffering of others and a wish toย  help them. And finally, something fluffy is softย ย 
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์€ ํƒ€์ธ์˜ ๊ณ ํ†ต์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋™์ •์‹ฌ๊ณผ ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ๋•๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ์†Œ๋ง ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ํ‘น์‹ ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€
30:06
and woolly, not considered serious or important.ย  Our six minutes are up, but if you've enjoyed thisย ย 
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๋ถ€๋“œ๋Ÿฝ๊ณ  ์–‘ํ„ธ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ„์ฃผ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 6๋ถ„์ด ๋๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด
30:13
programme, why not go out and perform your ownย  random act of kindness. Goodbye for now! Bye!
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ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ด ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์šฐ์…จ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋‚˜๊ฐ€์„œ ๋ฌด์ž‘์œ„๋กœ ์นœ์ ˆ์„ ๋ฒ ํ’€์–ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์•ˆ๋…•! ์•ˆ๋…•!
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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