BOX SET: 6 Minute English - 'Women' English mega-class! 30 minutes of new vocabulary!

139,717 views ใƒป 2022-09-04

BBC Learning English


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:06
Hello.
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00:06
This is 6 Minute English
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
BBC Learning English์˜ 6๋ถ„ ์˜์–ด
00:07
from BBC Learning English.
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์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:09
Iโ€™m Sam.
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์ €๋Š” ์ƒ˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:10
And Iโ€™m Georgina.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ์กฐ์ง€๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:11
In this programme weโ€™ll take a look
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์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์—์„œ๋Š”
00:13
at the sensitive issue of sexual
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๋ฏผ๊ฐํ•œ ์„ฑํญ๋ ฅ ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:15
violence.
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.
00:16
At the start of the decade
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2010๋…„๋Œ€ ์ดˆ
00:17
no one knew that the two-word phrase
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์—๋Š” 'MeToo'๋ผ๋Š” ๋‘ ๋‹จ์–ด๋กœ ๋œ ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์ž…์†Œ๋ฌธ
00:20
โ€˜MeTooโ€™ would go viral
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00:22
โ€“ or spread quickly and widely on the internet
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์ด ๋‚˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์†Œ์…œ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์—์„œ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ณ  ๊ด‘๋ฒ”์œ„ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํผ์งˆ ์ค„ ์•„๋ฌด๋„ ๋ชฐ๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:25
through social media.
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.
00:26
But when explosive allegations against
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ 2017๋…„
00:28
Hollywood movie producer Harry
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ํ• ๋ฆฌ์šฐ๋“œ ์˜ํ™” ์ œ์ž‘์ž Harry
00:29
Weinstein made headlines in 2017,
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Weinstein์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํญ๋ฐœ์ ์ธ ์ฃผ์žฅ์ด ํ—ค๋“œ๋ผ์ธ์„ ์žฅ์‹ํ–ˆ์„
00:33
the MeToo hashtag became the focus for a global movement
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๋•Œ MeToo ํ•ด์‹œํƒœ๊ทธ๋Š”
00:36
of women determined to expose the truth about abusive sexual behaviour
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ํ•™๋Œ€์ ์ธ ์„ฑ์  ํ–‰๋™์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ง„์‹ค์„ ํญ๋กœํ•˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์‹ฌํ•œ ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค์˜ ์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์ธ ์šด๋™์˜ ์ดˆ์ ์ด ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:41
Weinstein was found guilty and given
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00:43
a 23-year prison sentence.
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.
00:45
But the deeper reasons behind the problem,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜
00:48
in America and worldwide, have not disappeared.
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ๊ณผ ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ๋ฌธ์ œ์˜ ๋” ๊นŠ์€ ์ด์œ ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋ผ์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:51
I have a question now about
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00:53
the origin of the MeToo expression.
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MeToo ํ‘œํ˜„์˜ ๊ธฐ์›์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ง€๊ธˆ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:56
Although the MeToo message went viral
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MeToo ๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€
00:59
due to public support
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01:00
from famous Hollywood actresses,
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๋Š” ์œ ๋ช… ํ• ๋ฆฌ์šฐ๋“œ ์—ฌ๋ฐฐ์šฐ
01:02
the phrase itself was thought up years earlier by civil rights activist, Tarana Burke.
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๋“ค์˜ ๋Œ€์ค‘์  ์ง€์ง€๋กœ ์ž…์†Œ๋ฌธ์ด ๋‚ฌ์ง€๋งŒ ์ด ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ ์ž์ฒด๋Š” ๋ฏผ๊ถŒ ์šด๋™๊ฐ€์ธ Tarana Burke๊ฐ€ ๋ช‡ ๋…„ ์ „์— ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:09
What year did she first use it?
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋ช‡ ๋…„๋„์— ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ฒ˜์Œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
01:11
Was it: a) 1996,
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a) 1996๋…„,
01:14
b) 2006 or c) 2016?
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b) 2006๋…„ ๋˜๋Š” c) 2016๋…„์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
01:18
Iโ€™ll guess b) 2006.
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b) 2006๋…„์œผ๋กœ ์ถ”์ธกํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:21
OK, Georgina.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, Georgina.
01:22
Weโ€™ll come back to that later.
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๋‚˜์ค‘์— ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:25
Now more about Tarana Burke.
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์ด์ œ Tarana Burke์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ž์„ธํžˆ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
01:26
Yes, Tarana worked with marginalised women in neglected American communities,
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์˜ˆ, Tarana๋Š” ์†Œ์™ธ๋œ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ง€์—ญ ์‚ฌํšŒ์—์„œ ์†Œ์™ธ๋œ ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ผํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
01:32
shocking numbers of whom were victims of sexual violence and abuse.
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๊ทธ ์ค‘ ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ์ ์ธ ์ˆซ์ž๋Š” ์„ฑํญ๋ ฅ ๋ฐ ํ•™๋Œ€์˜ ํ”ผํ•ด์ž์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:36
Here she is talking with the BBC World Serviceโ€™s programme HARDtalk
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” BBC World Service์˜ HARDtalk ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜
01:39
about how the MeToo movement continues to
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MeToo ์šด๋™์ด ๋ชฉ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋‚ด์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋Š”
01:42
speak up for voiceless women and girls.
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์—ฌ์„ฑ๊ณผ ์†Œ๋…€๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ณ„์† ๋ชฉ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋†’์ด๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:46
The beauty, I think and the magic of MeToo is
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์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์— MeToo์˜ ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์›€๊ณผ ๋งˆ๋ฒ•
01:49
that itโ€™s a unifier in that way, and itโ€™s where survivors
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์€ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์‹์œผ๋กœ ํ†ตํ•ฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์ƒ์กด์ž
01:53
find community and so โ€ฆdefinitely the mainstream media
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๋“ค์ด ๊ณต๋™์ฒด๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๋Š” ๊ณณ์ด๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ...ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ์ฃผ๋ฅ˜ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด
01:56
kept the focus on the actresses and Hollywood and thatโ€ฆ
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๋Š” ์—ฌ๋ฐฐ์šฐ์™€ ํ• ๋ฆฌ์šฐ๋“œ ๋“ฑ์— ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋งž์ถ”์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:00
but at its core the women who came forward were
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ ํ•ต์‹ฌ์—๋Š” 10๋…„ ์ „์—
02:03
really no different than those girls who I served in
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ง€์—ญ ์‚ฌํšŒ์—์„œ ๋ด‰์‚ฌํ–ˆ๋˜ ์†Œ๋…€๋“ค๊ณผ ์ •๋ง ๋‹ค๋ฅด์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:05
the communities ten years before.
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.
02:08
Tarana doesnโ€™t call the girls and women who
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Tarana๋Š” ํ•™๋Œ€๋‹นํ•œ ์†Œ๋…€์™€ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์„
02:10
were abused โ€˜victimsโ€™.
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'ํ”ผํ•ด์ž'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:13
Instead she prefers the term survivors - people who are able to carry on
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๋Œ€์‹ ์— ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ƒ์กด์ž
02:18
with their life successfully, despite very unpleasant
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, ์ฆ‰ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๋ถˆ์พŒํ•œ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ถ์„ ์˜์œ„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์šฉ์–ด๋ฅผ ์„ ํ˜ธ
02:22
experiences which still affect them.
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ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:24
The MeToo movement went viral when several famous movie actresses
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MeToo ์šด๋™์€ ๋ช‡๋ช‡ ์œ ๋ช…ํ•œ ์˜ํ™” ๋ฐฐ์šฐ
02:28
came forward โ€“ offered to give information, about sexual harassment.
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๋“ค์ด ์„ฑํฌ๋กฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ฒ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ œ์•ˆํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์ž…์†Œ๋ฌธ์„ ๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:33
While these Hollywood actresses were famous celebrities, most survivors of sexual
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์ด๋“ค ํ• ๋ฆฌ์šฐ๋“œ ์—ฌ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋“ค์€ ์œ ๋ช… ์—ฐ์˜ˆ์ธ๋“ค์ด์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์„ฑํญ๋ ฅ ์ƒ์กด์ž
02:38
violence are ordinary women, living ordinary lives.
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๋“ค์€ ํ‰๋ฒ”ํ•œ ์‚ถ์„ ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ํ‰๋ฒ”ํ•œ ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค์ด๋‹ค.
02:41
Thatโ€™s why Tarana calls the MeToo movement 'a unifier'
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Tarana๊ฐ€ MeToo ์šด๋™์„ '๋‹จ๊ฒฐ์ž'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋Š” ์ด์œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์šด๋™์˜
02:45
- something that unites and brings people together,
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02:49
in this case women of different race and social background.
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๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ธ์ข…๊ณผ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค์„ ํ†ตํ•ฉํ•˜๊ณ  ํ•˜๋‚˜๋กœ ๋ฌถ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:53
But while the media focused on particular people
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด๋Š”
02:56
- Weinstein and several actresses in the movie industry
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Weinstein๊ณผ ์˜ํ™” ์‚ฐ์—…์˜ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์—ฌ๋ฐฐ์šฐ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ํŠน์ • ์ธ๋ฌผ์— ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋งž์ถ”์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
02:59
- Tarana is clear that the problem is bigger than just individual cases.
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Tarana๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐœ๋ณ„ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ํฌ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:04
Here she is explaining about the wider reasons behind the MeToo movement.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” MeToo ์šด๋™ ๋’ค์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋” ๋„“์€ ์ด์œ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:10
We can talk about Harvey Weinstein ad nauseam but we also have to talk about
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” Harvey Weinstein ๊ด‘๊ณ  ๋ฉ”์Šค๊บผ์›€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
03:16
what are the structures that were in place that allowed a Harvey Weinstein
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Harvey Weinstein์ด ๋ฒˆ์ฐฝํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋„ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ
03:19
to thrive.
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ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:20
If youโ€™re going to talk about Harvey Weinsteinโ€™s being
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Harvey Weinstein์˜
03:22
successful, then we have to also talk about capitalism, right?
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์„ฑ๊ณต์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ์ž๋ณธ์ฃผ์˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋„ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด์•ผ๊ฒ ์ฃ ?
03:25
Because itโ€™s the love of money and the desire for people to have money and
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘๊ณผ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋ˆ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ์š•๋ง๊ณผ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ์ง•ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ
03:29
what he represented.
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์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:31
The bottom line is people value those things more than they value
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๊ฒฐ๋ก ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค
03:34
the humanity of the women that he was destroying their lives.
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์ด ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์‚ถ์„ ํŒŒ๊ดดํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋˜ ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค์˜ ์ธ๊ฐ„์„ฑ์„ ๋” ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:37
Itโ€™s about power and itโ€™s about privilege.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ถŒ๋ ฅ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ  ํŠน๊ถŒ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:40
At the end of the day, these are the two things we have to talk about dismantling.
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ํ•ด์ฒด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:46
According to Tarana, the behaviour of abusers
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Tarana์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด Weinstein๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ํ•™๋Œ€์ž์˜ ํ–‰๋™
03:48
like Weinstein was not challenged or questioned because
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03:52
of their privilege - power and advantage held by
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์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ํŠน๊ถŒ
03:55
a small group of people, usually because of their high social position
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, ์ฆ‰ ์†Œ์ˆ˜์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€์ง„ ๊ถŒ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ์ด์ , ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๋†’์€ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์ง€์œ„
04:00
or because they are rich.
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๋˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋ถ€์ž์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋„์ „์„ ๋ฐ›๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์„ ์ œ๊ธฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:02
So rather than focusing on individual cases, itโ€™s
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ฐœ๋ณ„ ์‚ฌ๋ก€์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š”
04:06
male-dominated social structures like privilege that need dismantling
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ํ•ด์ฒด๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ํŠน๊ถŒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‚จ์„ฑ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์˜ ์‚ฌํšŒ ๊ตฌ์กฐ
04:09
โ€“ breaking up or being stopped from working by gradually reducing its power
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04:14
over a period of time.
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์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:17
Tarana knows the problem wonโ€™t disappear overnight.
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Tarana๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋ฃป๋ฐค ์‚ฌ์ด์— ์‚ฌ๋ผ์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž„์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:20
But she believes the MeToo movement has opened up a space to talk about
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋ฏธํˆฌ ์šด๋™์ด ์„ฑํญ๋ ฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ์—ด์–ด์ฃผ๊ณ  ์•ž์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐˆ ๊ธธ์„ ์—ด์–ด์ฃผ์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ๋Š”๋‹ค
04:24
sexual violence in a new way and set out a pathway forward.
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.
04:29
Letโ€™s go back to the quiz question.
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ํ€ด์ฆˆ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€ ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
04:31
I asked you what year the two-word expression โ€˜Me Tooโ€™
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๋ฏธํˆฌ(Me Too)๋ผ๋Š” ๋‘ ๋‹จ์–ด
04:35
was used.
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๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ ์—ฐ๋„๋ฅผ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
04:36
Was it a) 1996, b) 2006 or c) 2016
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a) 1996๋…„, b) 2006๋…„ ๋˜๋Š” c) 2016๋…„
04:41
and you saidโ€ฆ?
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์ด์—ˆ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์€โ€ฆ
04:43
Yes. I said it was b) 2006.
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์˜ˆ. b) 2006๋…„์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
04:47
Well done, Georgina!
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์ž˜ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”, ์กฐ์ง€๋‚˜!
04:49
You are absolutely right!
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๋„ˆ๊ฐ€ ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ๋งž์•„!
04:51
Today, weโ€™ve been talking about the hashtag MeToo movement which
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” 2017๋…„์— ์ž…์†Œ๋ฌธ์ด ๋‚œ ํ•ด์‹œํƒœ๊ทธ MeToo ์šด๋™์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ
04:54
went viral in 2017 โ€“ meaning it spread quickly on the internet.
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ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์—์„œ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ํผ์กŒ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:59
The name โ€˜MeTooโ€™ was created by Tarana Burke,
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๋ฏธํˆฌ(MeToo)๋ผ๋Š” ์ด๋ฆ„์€
05:02
an activist who works with sexual abuse survivors
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์„ฑ์  ํ•™๋Œ€ ์ƒ์กด์ž๋“ค(
05:05
- people who experience abuse but are able to carry on with their lives successfully.
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ํ•™๋Œ€๋ฅผ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ถ์„ ์˜์œ„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค)๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ผํ•˜๋Š” ํ™œ๋™๊ฐ€ ํƒ€๋ผ๋‚˜ ๋ฒ„ํฌ(Tarana Burke)๊ฐ€ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:10
In 2017 many of these survivors came forward โ€“ offered to give information
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2017๋…„์— ์ด ์ƒ์กด์ž๋“ค ์ค‘ ๋‹ค์ˆ˜๊ฐ€
05:16
โ€“ about sexual harassment in Hollywood.
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ํ• ๋ฆฌ์šฐ๋“œ์˜ ์„ฑํฌ๋กฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋‚˜์„ฐ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ฒ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ œ์•ˆํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:19
And these actresses were supported by millions of women and men
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ์—ฌ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋“ค์€ ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ๋ช…์˜ ์—ฌ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์˜ ์ง€์›
05:22
across the world, making the MeToo movement an important cultural unifier
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์„ ๋ฐ›์•„ MeToo ์šด๋™์„ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋ฌธํ™”์  ํ†ตํ•ฉ ์š”์†Œ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ
05:27
โ€“ something that unites and brings people together.
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์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:30
Now the movement wants to shift the focus away
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์ด์ œ ์šด๋™์€ ์ดˆ์ 
05:33
from individual cases and onto social structures of privilege
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์„ ๊ฐœ๋ณ„ ์‚ฌ๋ก€์—์„œ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ํŠน๊ถŒ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋กœ ์˜ฎ๊ธฐ๊ณ ์ž ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:37
- power and advantage held by a small group of people, usually because of their
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. ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ€๋‚˜ ๋†’์€ ์‚ฌํšŒ ๊ณ„์ธต ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์†Œ์ˆ˜์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋ณด์œ ํ•œ ๊ถŒ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ์ด์ 
05:42
wealth or high social class.
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์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:45
And according to Tarana, it is these social structures
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํƒ€๋ผ๋‚˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ํ•ด์ฒด๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์‚ฌํšŒ ๊ตฌ์กฐ
05:47
and attitudes which need to be dismantled
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์™€ ํƒœ๋„
05:50
- stopped from working by gradually reducing their power over time.
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์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:54
And thatโ€™s all we have time for today.
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ „๋ถ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:57
Join us again soon, here at 6 Minute English for more topical discussion
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๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์ฃผ์ œ๋ณ„ ํ† ๋ก ๊ณผ ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ ค๋ฉด ์—ฌ๊ธฐ 6 Minute English์—์„œ ๊ณง ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜์„ธ์š”
06:00
and vocabulary.
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.
06:01
Bye for now.
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์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์•ˆ๋…•.
06:03
Bye.
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์•ˆ๋…•.
06:09
Hello and welcome to 6 Minute English.
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”, 6๋ถ„ ์˜์–ด์— ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:11
I'm Neil.
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์ €๋Š” ๋‹์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:12
And I'm Sam.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ์ƒ˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:13
And if I say to you, Sam, motorbike, what do you think of?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์ƒ˜, ์˜คํ† ๋ฐ”์ด, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์„ธ์š”?
06:17
Oh, I think of the film Easy Rider with Jack Nicholson
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์•„, Jack Nicholson
06:20
and Peter Fonda cruising the wide open spaces on powerful machines.
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๊ณผ Peter Fonda๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ํƒ€๊ณ  ๊ด‘ํ™œํ•œ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ์ˆœํ•ญํ•˜๋Š” ์˜ํ™” Easy Rider๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฐ๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:25
How about you, Neil?
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๋„Œ ์–ด๋•Œ, ๋‹?
06:26
Oh, well, I think of the young man on a moped who delivers my pizzas.
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์˜ค, ๋‚ด ํ”ผ์ž๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ๋‹ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจํŽ˜๋“œ๋ฅผ ํƒ„ ์ฒญ๋…„์ด ์ƒ๊ฐ๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:30
Not quite the same image, is it, really?
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์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์€ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๋Š” ์•„๋‹ˆ์ฃ ?
06:32
No, but in both cases we were associating motorbikes with male figures.
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์•„๋‹ˆ์š”, ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‘ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์˜คํ† ๋ฐ”์ด๋ฅผ ๋‚จ์„ฑ ์ธ๋ฌผ๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ด€์‹œ์ผฐ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:37
Today, we are looking at women and bikes, but before that, a quiz.
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์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ์—ฌ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๋ฐ”์ดํฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๋Š”๋ฐ ๊ทธ์ „์— ํ€ด์ฆˆ ํ•˜๋‚˜.
06:42
In which decade was the first mass-produced
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์ตœ์ดˆ์˜ ๋Œ€๋Ÿ‰ ์ƒ์‚ฐ ์˜คํ† ๋ฐ”์ด๊ฐ€ ์ถœ์‹œ๋œ 10๋…„์€
06:44
motorcycle released?
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์–ธ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
06:45
Was it: a) the 1880s,
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a) 1880๋…„๋Œ€,
06:47
b) the 1890s or c) the 1900s?
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b) 1890๋…„๋Œ€ ๋˜๋Š” c) 1900๋…„๋Œ€์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
06:51
What do you think, Sam?
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด, ์ƒ˜?
06:52
Tricky question!
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๊นŒ๋‹ค๋กœ์šด ์งˆ๋ฌธ!
06:54
The 1880s may be too early - so I think I'll play it
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1880๋…„๋Œ€๋Š” ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ด๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ
06:58
safe and go for the middle option, the 1890s.
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์•ˆ์ „ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ”Œ๋ ˆ์ดํ•˜๊ณ  ์ค‘๊ฐ„ ์˜ต์…˜์ธ 1890๋…„๋Œ€๋ฅผ ์„ ํƒํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:02
Well, we'll see if you're right later in the programme.
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์Œ, ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์—์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์˜ณ์€์ง€ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:05
Esperanza Miyake is the author of a new study of the 'gendered motorcycle'
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Esperanza Miyake๋Š” ์˜ํ™”, ๊ด‘๊ณ  ๋ฐ TV์—์„œ '์  ๋”ํ™”๋œ ์˜คํ† ๋ฐ”์ด'์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์ €์ž์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
07:11
in film, advertising and TV. She was interviewed on BBC radio's Thinking Allowed
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. ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ฃผ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด BBC ๋ผ๋””์˜ค์˜ Thinking Allowed ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์—์„œ ์ธํ„ฐ๋ทฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
07:16
programme about the topic. First she was asked about the experience of travelling at
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. ๋จผ์ € ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์˜คํ† ๋ฐ”์ด๋ฅผ ํƒ€๊ณ  ์‹œ์† 110km ์ด์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฌํ–‰ํ•œ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
07:21
over 110 kph on a motorbike.
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.
07:24
What world does she say you are part of?
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์–ด๋–ค ์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
07:28
I think it dissolves gender, race, all these things stop mattering.
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์„ฑ๋ณ„, ์ธ์ข…, ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:32
It's all about experience so car drivers, there's a lot about enjoying the internal
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๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฒฝํ—˜์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ž๋™์ฐจ ์šด์ „์ž๋Š” ์ž๋™์ฐจ ๋‚ด๋ถ€ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ์ฆ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋งŽ์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ํ• ์• ํ•  ์ˆ˜
07:38
space of the car. On the bike, obviously, there's no interiority,
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์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ํƒ€๋ฉด ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ๋‚ด๋ฉด์ด ์—†๊ณ 
07:42
you're completely part of the exterior world.
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์™„์ „ํžˆ ์™ธ๋ถ€ ์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:46
โ€จ So, what world are you in when travelling at
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์˜คํ† ๋ฐ”์ด๋ฅผ ํƒ€๊ณ  ๋น ๋ฅธ ์†๋„๋กœ ์—ฌํ–‰ํ•  ๋•Œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์–ด๋–ค ์„ธ๊ณ„์—
07:49
speed on a motorbike?
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์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
07:51
The external world.
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์™ธ๋ถ€ ์„ธ๊ณ„.
07:53
Because you are not inside a car, your experience is completely different.
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ฐจ ์•ˆ์— ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์€ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:58
On a bike you have no interiority.
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์ž์ „๊ฑฐ์—๋Š” ๋‚ด๋ฉด์„ฑ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:00
That's the experience of being inside - but I do have to say although that
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‚ด๋ฉด์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ—˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
08:05
is a real word, it's not one I've ever heard or used before!
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์‹ค์ œ ๋‹จ์–ด์ด๊ธด ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด์ „์— ๋“ฃ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ์ ์ด ์—†๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
08:10
No. Me neither.
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์•„๋‹ˆ. ๋‚˜๋„.
08:11
What she also says is that travelling at speed dissolves gender and race.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ ์†๋„๋กœ ์—ฌํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์„ฑ๋ณ„๊ณผ ์ธ์ข…์„ ํ•ด์ฒดํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:16
It makes them less important.
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๋œ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:18
When you dissolve something you make it less strong.
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋…น์ผ ๋•Œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋œ ๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:21
In fact, she says that at speed these things stop mattering.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค, ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์†๋„์—์„œ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:25
They stop having any importance.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋” ์ด์ƒ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:28
If something doesn't matter, it's not important at all.
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์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ „ํ˜€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:31
Before that we said we usually connect motorbikes with men.
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๊ทธ ์ „์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์˜คํ† ๋ฐ”์ด๋ฅผ ๋‚จ์„ฑ๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:35
Think bike, think bloke.
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์ž์ „๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ๋…€์„์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
08:37
But what about women and bikes?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์—ฌ์„ฑ๊ณผ ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
08:39
Esperanza Miyake goes on to talk about the way women bikers are usually
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Esperanza Miyake๋Š” ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ์—ฌ์„ฑ ๋ฐ”์ด์ปค๊ฐ€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ
08:43
shown in the media.
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ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:45
How many different types does she mention?
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์œ ํ˜•์„ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
08:48
Generally, there's three types.
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์œ ํ˜•์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:50
So, the first type would be your typical
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์œ ํ˜•์€
08:52
empowered female who's on the motorbike.
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์˜คํ† ๋ฐ”์ด๋ฅผ ํƒ€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ „ํ˜•์ ์ธ ๊ถŒํ•œ ์žˆ๋Š” ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:56
You do have that image but, having said that, I would also
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ๋‚˜๋Š”
08:58
add that those images appear typically very sexualised,
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๋˜ํ•œ ๊ทธ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งค์šฐ ์„ฑ์ ์ด๊ณ  ๋งค์šฐ ์–‘์‹ํ™”๋˜์–ด ๋ณด์ธ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ง๋ถ™์ด๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
09:01
very stylised.
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.
09:02
So, yes, she's empowered, but she's in a skintight catsuit.
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์˜ˆ, ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊ถŒํ•œ์ด ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฝ‰ ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ณ ์–‘์ด ์˜ท์„ ์ž…๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:07
You also get another type which is the female rider but who's been masculinised.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋˜ํ•œ ์—ฌ์„ฑ ๋ผ์ด๋”์ด์ง€๋งŒ ๋‚จ์„ฑํ™” ๋œ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์œ ํ˜•์„ ์–ป์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:12
She's kind of embodying a very
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์ ์ธ ์Šคํƒ€์ผ์„ ๊ตฌํ˜„ํ•˜๊ณ 
09:15
masculine kind of style.
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์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:18
And I think the third type is kind of silly, giggly
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์— ์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์œ ํ˜•์€ ์Šค์ฟ ํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ํƒ„ ์šฐ์Šค๊ฝ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ณ  ๋‚„๋‚„๋Œ€๋Š”
09:22
female on a scooter.
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์—ฌ์„ฑ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:24
So, she talked about three types of representations, particularly in movies.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ํŠนํžˆ ์˜ํ™”์—์„œ ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์œ ํ˜•์˜ ์žฌํ˜„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:29
Sam, tell us more.
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์ƒ˜, ๋” ๋งํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
09:31
Yes, she first talked about the empowered woman.
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์˜ˆ, ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ฒ˜์Œ์— ๊ถŒํ•œ์„ ๋ถ€์—ฌ๋ฐ›์€ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:34
This is a character who has authority, who has the
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ถŒ์„ธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ 
09:37
power to drive the plot and action and is not
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, ์ค„๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์™€ ํ–‰๋™์„ ์ฃผ๋„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํž˜์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ,
09:40
dependent on a man to make decisions for her.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ๋‚ด๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋‚จ์ž์—๊ฒŒ ์˜์กดํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์บ๋ฆญํ„ฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:43
It seems like a positive image but she does say
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ด์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋…€
09:46
that these characters are often sexualised, that is,
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๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์บ๋ฆญํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ์ข…์ข… ์„ฑ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ, ์ฆ‰ ๋‚จ์„ฑ ์ฒญ์ค‘์—๊ฒŒ
09:49
presented in a way that might be sexually appealing
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์„ฑ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์–ดํ•„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์ œ์‹œ๋œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
09:52
for a male audience.
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.
09:53
The next character type she mentions is a woman
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๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ ์บ๋ฆญํ„ฐ ์œ ํ˜•
09:56
who is very masculine.
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์€ ๋งค์šฐ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์ ์ธ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:58
They embody male characteristics, which means they have and
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์  ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ๊ตฌํ˜„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰,
10:01
demonstrate many typically male personality features.
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์ ์ธ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ๋งŽ์ด ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ  ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:05
And the final type she talked about was showing women on bikes
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•œ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์œ ํ˜•์€ ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ
10:08
as silly and giggly riding scooters.
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๋ฅผ ํƒ€๋Š” ์—ฌ์„ฑ์„ ์Šค์ฟ ํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ํƒ€๋Š” ์šฐ์Šค๊ฝ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ณ  ๋‚„๋‚„๋Œ€๋Š” ๋ชจ์Šต์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:11
So, there don't seem to be many really completely positive images of
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ ์–ด๋„ ๋Œ€์ค‘ ๋งค์ฒด์—๋Š” ์—ฌ์„ฑ๊ณผ ์˜คํ† ๋ฐ”์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
10:14
women and motorcycles, at least not in the popular media.
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.
10:18
Time to look again at todayโ€™s vocabulary, but first, letโ€™s have the answer to the
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์˜ค๋Š˜์˜ ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ณผ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด์ง€๋งŒ ๋จผ์ € ํ€ด์ฆˆ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‹ต์„ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด์ž
10:23
quiz question.
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.
10:24
In which decade was the first mass-produced motorcycle released?
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์ตœ์ดˆ์˜ ๋Œ€๋Ÿ‰ ์ƒ์‚ฐ ์˜คํ† ๋ฐ”์ด๊ฐ€ ์ถœ์‹œ๋œ 10๋…„์€ ์–ธ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
10:28
Was it: a) the 1880s,
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a) 1880๋…„๋Œ€,
10:30
b) the1890s or c) the 1900s?
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b) 1890๋…„๋Œ€ ๋˜๋Š” c) 1900๋…„๋Œ€์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
10:34
What did you think, Sam?
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์–ด, ์ƒ˜?
10:35
I took a guess at the 1890s.
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๋‚˜๋Š” 1890๋…„๋Œ€์— ์ถ”์ธกํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
10:38
Well done, it was a good guess.
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์ž˜ ํ–ˆ์–ด, ์ข‹์€ ์ถ”์ธก์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค.
10:40
It was indeed the 1890s and a
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ 1890๋…„๋Œ€
10:42
bonus point if you knew that it was 1894.
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์˜€๊ณ  1894๋…„์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋ณด๋„ˆ์Šค ํฌ์ธํŠธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:45
OK, let's have a quick reminder of today's words.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ์˜ค๋Š˜์˜ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํžˆ ์ƒ๊ธฐ์‹œ์ผœ ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
10:49
We started with the verb 'dissolves'.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ 'dissolves'๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:51
If something dissolves it gets less strong, less immediate.
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๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์šฉํ•ด๋˜๋ฉด ๋œ ๊ฐ•ํ•ด์ง€๊ณ  ๋œ ์ฆ‰๊ฐ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:54
Then we had another verb, 'to matter',
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ 'to matter'๋ผ๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋™์‚ฌ
10:57
something that matters is important to someone.
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๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์—๊ฒŒ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:00
What's the next word?
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
11:02
It was a rather uncommon word to describe
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11:05
the experience of being inside - interiority.
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๋‚ด๋ถ€์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ—˜์„ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹ค์†Œ ์ƒ์†Œํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:09
Let's rush by that one and move on to the next word, 'empowered'.
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๊ทธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์„œ๋‘๋ฅด๊ณ  ๋‹ค์Œ ๋‹จ์–ด์ธ '๊ถŒํ•œ์„ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•˜๋‹ค'๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ‘์‹œ๋‹ค.
11:12
Someone who is 'empowered' is in control of their own life.
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'๊ถŒํ•œ์ด ์žˆ๋Š”' ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์‚ถ์„ ํ†ต์ œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:16
When we talk about empowered women we are talking about women who are not
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๊ถŒํ•œ์ด ๋ถ€์—ฌ๋œ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ
11:20
dependent on men or anyone else for the direction of their lives.
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๋Š” ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์‚ถ์˜ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์ด๋‚˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ์˜์กดํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์—ฌ์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:24
They make their own choices.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ์„ ํƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:26
Our next word was 'sexualised'. This is when something is given
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” '์„ฑํ™”'์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€
11:30
a clearly sexual styling. In the programme, we heard that women
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์— ๋ช…๋ฐฑํžˆ ์„ฑ์ ์ธ ์Šคํƒ€์ผ๋ง์ด ์ฃผ์–ด์งˆ ๋•Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
11:34
on motorcycles are often shown in a sexualised way, dressed in clothing, for example,
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์˜คํ† ๋ฐ”์ด๋ฅผ ํƒ„ ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค์ด ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ์„ฑ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งค๋ ฅ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์ด๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ์˜ท์„ ์ž…์€ ๋“ฑ ์„ฑ์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์ข…์ข… ๋ณด์—ฌ์ง„๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
11:39
that makes them sexually attractive.
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.
11:42
And finally there was 'to embody'.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ '๊ตฌํ˜„ํ•˜๋‹ค'๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
11:44
This means to be a clear and obvious example of something.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์˜ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ถ„๋ช…ํ•œ ์˜ˆ๊ฐ€ ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:48
So, in movies female bikers often embody male characteristics, which means
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์˜ํ™”์—์„œ ์—ฌ์„ฑ ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ ํƒ€๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์ข…์ข… ๋‚จ์„ฑ์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ๊ตฌํ˜„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰,
11:53
they might dress or behave in a way we would usually associate with men.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚จ์„ฑ๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ด€์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์˜ท์„ ์ž…๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ–‰๋™ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:57
Well, it's time for us to say goodbye.
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์ด์ œ ์ž‘๋ณ„ ์ธ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ•  ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:00
See you next time and, until then, you can find us online
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๋‹ค์Œ์— ๋ต™๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ
12:03
and on our app.
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๊ณผ ์•ฑ์—์„œ ์ €ํฌ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋‚˜์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:04
Just search for bbclearningenglish.
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bbclearningenglish๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€์ƒ‰ํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:06
Bye for now!
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์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์•ˆ๋…•!
12:07
Bye!
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์•ˆ๋…•!
12:13
Hello and welcome to 6 Minute English.
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”, 6๋ถ„ ์˜์–ด์— ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:15
I'm Neil.
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์ €๋Š” ๋‹์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:16
And hello. I'm Rob.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์ €๋Š” ๋กญ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:17
So, Rob, you are a man who enjoys travel.
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Rob, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์—ฌํ–‰์„ ์ฆ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋‚จ์ž์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:20
Whatโ€™s the furthest journey youโ€™ve ever made?
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋งŒ๋“  ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋จผ ์—ฌํ–‰์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
12:24
Well, I have been to the other side of the world.
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ์ €๋Š” ์ง€๊ตฌ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํŽธ์— ๊ฐ€๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:26
I've been to Australia, New Zealand โ€“ so from
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๋‚˜๋Š” ํ˜ธ์ฃผ, ๋‰ด์งˆ๋žœ๋“œ์— ๊ฐ€๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ
12:29
London that's a very long way.
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๋Ÿฐ๋˜์—์„œ ์˜ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„์ฃผ ๋จผ ๊ธธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:31
And how was it?
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์–ด๋• ์–ด?
12:32
It was pretty boring really and quite cramped
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ •๋ง๋กœ ๊ฝค
12:34
on the aeroplane โ€“ but I loved it when I got there.
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์ง€๋ฃจํ–ˆ๊ณ  ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ์—์„œ ์ƒ๋‹นํžˆ ๋น„์ข์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋„์ฐฉํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:37
So, how would you feel about a journey of 56 million
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์•ฝ 9๊ฐœ์›”์ด ๊ฑธ๋ฆฐ 5,600๋งŒ ํ‚ฌ๋กœ๋ฏธํ„ฐ์˜ ์—ฌ์ •์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐ
12:41
kilometres that took around nine months?
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ํ•˜์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
12:44
Right.
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์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ.
12:45
I'd have to travel Business Class, I think - lots
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๋น„์ฆˆ๋‹ˆ์Šค ํด๋ž˜์Šค๋กœ ์—ฌํ–‰ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
12:47
of movies and a very comfortable seat!
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๋งŽ์€ ์˜ํ™”์™€ ๋งค์šฐ ํŽธ์•ˆํ•œ ์ขŒ์„!
12:49
Well, thatโ€™s how long it would take to get to the planet
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์Œ, ํ™”์„ฑ์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๊ฑธ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„
12:52
Mars and this programme is all about the women who
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์ด๋ฉฐ ์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์€
12:55
want to be the first to set foot on the Red Planet.
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๋ถ‰์€ ํ–‰์„ฑ์— ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋จผ์ € ๋ฐœ์„ ๋””๋””๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ์—ฌ์„ฑ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:58
First, though, todayโ€™s question, which is about the
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋จผ์ € ํ™”์„ฑ์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์˜ค๋Š˜์˜ ์งˆ๋ฌธ
13:01
size of Mars.
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์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:02
Is it a) bigger than Earth,
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a) ์ง€๊ตฌ๋ณด๋‹ค ํฐ๊ฐ€,
13:04
b) about the same size as Earth, or c) smaller than Earth?
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b) ์ง€๊ตฌ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ํฌ๊ธฐ์ธ๊ฐ€, c) ์ง€๊ตฌ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ž‘์€๊ฐ€?
13:09
Iโ€™m pretty sure I know this.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ™•์‹ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:11
Itโ€™s bigger than Earth, much bigger, I think.
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์ง€๊ตฌ๋ณด๋‹ค ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ํฌ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:14
OK well, weโ€™ll find out if youโ€™re right at the end of the programme.
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์•Œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ์ข…๋ฃŒ ์‹œ์ ์— ๋งž๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:18
Itโ€™s been 40 years since NASA first recruited women to be astronauts.
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NASA๊ฐ€ ์ฒ˜์Œ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์„ ์šฐ์ฃผ ๋น„ํ–‰์‚ฌ๋กœ ๋ชจ์ง‘ํ•œ ์ง€ 40๋…„์ด ์ง€๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:22
Today, a third of the people who work at NASA are women.
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  NASA์—์„œ ์ผํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ 3๋ถ„์˜ 1์ด ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:26
Yes, and 2016 was the first year that there were an equal number of
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๋„ค, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  2016๋…„์€
13:31
women and men joining as astronaut trainees.
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์šฐ์ฃผ๋น„ํ–‰์‚ฌ ํ›ˆ๋ จ์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ•ฉ๋ฅ˜ํ•œ ์—ฌ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์˜ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋™์ˆ˜์ธ ์ฒซ ํ•ด์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:34
Equality is slowly coming but only men have had the opportunity to walk on the Moon,
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ํ‰๋“ฑ์€ ์„œ์„œํžˆ ๋‹ค๊ฐ€์˜ค๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ 45๋…„์ด ๋„˜์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹ฌ ์œ„๋ฅผ ๊ฑธ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ธฐํšŒ๋Š” ๋‚จ์„ฑ์—๊ฒŒ๋งŒ ์ฃผ์–ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
13:39
although that was over 45 years ago.
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.
13:43
Karen Nyberg is one of NASAโ€™s current astronauts.
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Karen Nyberg๋Š” NASA์˜ ํ˜„์žฌ ์šฐ์ฃผ ๋น„ํ–‰์‚ฌ ์ค‘ ํ•œ ๋ช…์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:46
In a recent BBC News feature, she talked about her hopes.
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์ตœ๊ทผ BBC ๋‰ด์Šค ํŠน์ง‘์—์„œ ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ž์‹ ์˜ ํฌ๋ง์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:50
When did she join the astronaut programme?
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์–ธ์ œ ์šฐ์ฃผ๋น„ํ–‰์‚ฌ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? 2000๋…„์— ์ œ๊ฐ€
13:53
When I was selected as an astronaut in the
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์šฐ์ฃผ๋น„ํ–‰์‚ฌ๋กœ ์„ ๋ฐœ๋˜์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด
13:54
year 2000 I thought that that might be a realistic possibility, that
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ํ˜„์‹ค์ ์ธ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:58
we would be the ones, the next to go to the Moon.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ฌ์— ๊ฐˆ ๋‹ค์Œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:02
So it's unfortunate that we weren't.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์œ ๊ฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:04
When did she become an astronaut?
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์–ธ์ œ ์šฐ์ฃผ ๋น„ํ–‰์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
14:06
Well, she said that she was selected in 2000.
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์Œ, ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” 2000๋…„์— ์„ ๋ฐœ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:09
'Selected' means chosen.
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'์„ ํƒ'์€ ์„ ํƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:12
At that time, when she was selected, she thought going to the Moon
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๋‹น์‹œ ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์„ ํƒ๋˜์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋‹ฌ์— ๊ฐ€๋Š”
14:15
would be a realistic possibility. So, she thought that it wasnโ€™t just a dream,
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๊ฒƒ์ด ํ˜„์‹ค์ ์ธ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ๊ฟˆ์ด
14:19
but something that could happen.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:20
There was a good chance it would happen.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋  ์ข‹์€ ๊ธฐํšŒ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
14:23
However, she was disappointed because that opportunity didnโ€™t arrive at that time.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ ๊ธฐํšŒ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ๋•Œ ์˜ค์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์‹ค๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:28
She describes that as being unfortunate.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ถˆํ–‰ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:31
In this sense 'unfortunate' means unlucky.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์˜๋ฏธ์—์„œ '๋ถˆ์šด'์€ ๋ถˆํ–‰์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:34
If you use this adjective it means you are disappointed
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์ด ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์‹ค๋งํ–ˆ์Œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธ
14:36
about something, but you do perhaps understand the reason for it.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๊ทธ ์ด์œ ๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:41
So far, a woman hasnโ€™t had the opportunity to step on the Moon.
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์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์€ ๋‹ฌ์„ ๋ฐŸ์„ ๊ธฐํšŒ๊ฐ€ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:45
These days Mars is the big target for space travel.
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์š”์ฆ˜ ํ™”์„ฑ์€ ์šฐ์ฃผ ์—ฌํ–‰์˜ ํฐ ๋ชฉํ‘œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:48
There are many problems to overcome, but could it, should it
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๊ทน๋ณตํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๋งŽ์€ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
14:52
be a woman who is the first person to take that step?
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๊ทธ ๋ฐœ๊ฑธ์Œ์„ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋จผ์ € ๋‚ด๋”›๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ด์–ด์•ผ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
14:55
Absolutely, why not?
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๋‹น์—ฐํ•˜์ง€, ์™œ ์•ˆ๋ผ?
14:57
On a mission to Mars there would be need for many different kinds of specialists.
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ํ™”์„ฑ ์ž„๋ฌด์—๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:01
We tend to think of astronauts as spaceship pilots, but
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์šฐ์ฃผ ๋น„ํ–‰์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์šฐ์ฃผ์„  ์กฐ์ข…์‚ฌ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
15:04
really, I think, they are much more like scientists, carrying out different experiments.
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‹คํ—˜์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณผํ•™์ž์™€ ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ๋น„์Šทํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:09
If we are going to set up a base on Mars, one thing that
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ™”์„ฑ์— ๊ธฐ์ง€๋ฅผ
15:12
would be very important is to try to find a way of growing food.
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์„ธ์šฐ๋ ค ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ์‹๋Ÿ‰ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ฐพ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:16
For that you need people with skills in those areas.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ํ•ด๋‹น ๋ถ„์•ผ์˜ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:20
One person with those skills is Gioia Massa,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ
15:23
a Life Science project manager for NASA. Now, you would think that
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์€ NASA์˜ ์ƒ๋ช… ๊ณผํ•™ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์ž์ธ Gioia Massa์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ
15:27
being a top scientist she would be brilliant at all areas or aspects of the job,
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๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ๊ณผํ•™์ž๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋ฉด ๋ชจ๋“  ์˜์—ญ์ด๋‚˜ ์—…๋ฌด ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ ํƒ์›”ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜
15:31
but she told BBC News that it wasnโ€™t always the case.
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์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” BBC ๋‰ด์Šค์— ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:35
What two aspects does she mention she wasnโ€™t good at?
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๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์ž˜ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•œ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ธก๋ฉด์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
15:38
There certainly were aspects where I was challenged, you know...
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ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ๋„์ „๋ฐ›์€ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด
15:41
I wasn't as great in math as some of my colleagues, my handwriting is terrible, you know...
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์žˆ๊ธด ํ•œ๋ฐ... ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋™๋ฃŒ๋“ค์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ˆ˜ํ•™์„ ์ž˜ํ•˜์ง€๋„ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ณ , ์†๊ธ€์”จ๋„ ํ˜•ํŽธ์—†๊ณ ...
15:48
So, there are things that are not my strength.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ ๊ฐ•์ ์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:52
But then I fell in love with plants and plants were my strength,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์‹๋ฌผ์— ํ‘น ๋น ์กŒ๊ณ  ์‹๋ฌผ์ด ์ œ ํž˜
15:55
and I really learned and focused on that.
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์ด ๋˜์–ด์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฑธ ์ •๋ง ๋งŽ์ด ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ  ์ง‘์ค‘ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
15:57
So Rob, what did she have problems with?
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ Rob, ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์— ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
15:59
Well, she said that she wasnโ€™t good at math.
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๊ธ€์Ž„, ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ˆ˜ํ•™์„ ์ž˜ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
16:02
'Math' is a North American English word for what
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'์ˆ˜ํ•™'
16:05
in British English, we call maths.
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์€ ์˜๊ตญ์‹ ์˜์–ด๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ˆ˜ํ•™์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ถ๋ฏธ ์˜์–ด ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:07
Both words mean mathematics, so 'math' in American English,
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๋‘ ๋‹จ์–ด ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ˆ˜ํ•™์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์˜์–ด์˜ 'math',
16:11
'maths' in British English.
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์˜๊ตญ ์˜์–ด์˜ 'maths'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:13
She also said that her handwriting is terrible!
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ์†๊ธ€์”จ๊ฐ€ ๋”์ฐํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
16:15
Mind you, if her handwriting was really terrible,
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๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ์†๊ธ€์”จ๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ง ๋”์ฐํ•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด
16:18
maybe nobody would be able to read her bad maths!
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์•„๋ฌด๋„ ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ๋‚˜์œ ์ˆ˜ํ•™์„ ์ฝ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
16:21
Good point!
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์ข‹์€ ์ง€์ !
16:22
So, handwriting and maths arenโ€™t or werenโ€™t her strengths.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํ•„๊ธฐ์™€ ์ˆ˜ํ•™์€ ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ๊ฐ•์ ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:26
They are not what she is good at.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์ž˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:28
What are her strengths?
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๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ๊ฐ•์ ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
16:29
Well, the thing she is good at, her real strengths are
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๊ธ€์Ž„, ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์ž˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ, ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ์ง„์ •ํ•œ ๊ฐ•์ 
16:32
working with plants, so thatโ€™s what she concentrated on.
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์€ ์‹๋ฌผ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์ผ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:36
Right. Well, letโ€™s see if one of your strengths is the
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์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ. ๊ธ€์Ž„, ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๊ฐ•์  ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜
16:39
knowledge of the planets.
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๊ฐ€ ํ–‰์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ง€์‹์ธ์ง€ ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
16:41
Todayโ€™s quiz question was:
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์˜ค๋Š˜์˜ ํ€ด์ฆˆ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์€
16:44
Is Marsโ€ฆ
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16:44
a) bigger than Earth,
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: ํ™”์„ฑ์€...
a) ์ง€๊ตฌ๋ณด๋‹ค ํฐ๊ฐ€์š”,
16:46
b) about the same size as Earth, or
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b) ์ง€๊ตฌ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ํฌ๊ธฐ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”, ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด
16:48
c) smaller than Earth?
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c) ์ง€๊ตฌ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ž‘์€๊ฐ€์š”?
16:50
What did you say, Rob?
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๋ญ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์–ด, ๋กญ?
16:51
I said that it was bigger, much bigger.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋” ํฌ๋‹ค, ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ํฌ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
16:54
And the answer, I'm afraid to say, is that Mars is smaller than Earth,
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์œ ๊ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ๋„ ๋‹ต์€ ํ™”์„ฑ์ด ์ง€๊ตฌ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ž‘๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ
16:59
much smaller, in fact.
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์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ์‹ค ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ์ž‘์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:01
Oh, well, I guess I wonโ€™t be selected to be an astronaut any time soon!
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์˜ค, ๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ์กฐ๋งŒ๊ฐ„ ์šฐ์ฃผ ๋น„ํ–‰์‚ฌ๋กœ ์„ ๋ฐœ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”!
17:04
Before we blast off out of here, letโ€™s review the vocabulary we covered today.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋– ๋‚˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋‹ค๋ฃฌ ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ๋ณต์Šตํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
17:09
The first word was the one you just mentioned, 'selected', meaning chosen.
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•œ 'selected'๋กœ ์„ ํƒ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:13
Then we had the phrase, 'a realistic possibility'
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋‚ด ์šฐ์ฃผ ๋น„ํ–‰์‚ฌ ์‘์šฉ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ๊ณผ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋†’์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” 'ํ˜„์‹ค์ ์ธ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ'์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ
17:16
to describe something that has a good chance of happening,
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๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
17:19
unlike my astronaut application!
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!
17:22
Well, if you did become an astronaut, that would be unfortunate,
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์šฐ์ฃผ๋น„ํ–‰์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ ์–ด๋„ ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ๋ถˆํ–‰ํ•œ ์ผ์ด ๋ 
17:25
our next word, for me at least.
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๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:27
'Unfortunate', you mean disappointing for you?
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'๋ถˆํ–‰ํ•˜๋‹ค', ์‹ค๋ง์Šค๋Ÿฝ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
17:30
Well, if you were up in space I wouldnโ€™t have the pleasure of your company.
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๊ธ€์Ž„, ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์šฐ์ฃผ์— ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹  ํšŒ์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ธฐ์จ์„ ์–ป์ง€ ๋ชปํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:34
Hashtag blushing.
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ํ•ด์‹œํƒœ๊ทธ ํ™์กฐ.
17:36
Our next word was 'aspects' meaning parts of something
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” '์ธก๋ฉด'
17:40
and then the Americanisation, 'math'.
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์ด์—ˆ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฏธ๊ตญํ™”๋Š” '์ˆ˜ํ•™'์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:41
Which we call maths, or mathematics in British English.
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์˜๊ตญ์‹ ์˜์–ด๋กœ๋Š” ์ˆ˜ํ•™(mathematics)์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:45
And finally, we had 'strengths'. And maths certainly isnโ€™t one of my strengths
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ '๊ฐ•์ '์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ˆ˜ํ•™์€ ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ์ œ ๊ฐ•์ 
17:50
โ€“ itโ€™s not something Iโ€™m good at.
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์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ž˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:51
But one of your strengths is saying nice things about people.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๊ฐ•์  ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ข‹์€ ๋ง์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:55
Hashtag double blush.
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ํ•ด์‹œํƒœ๊ทธ ๋”๋ธ” ๋ธ”๋Ÿฌ์…”.
17:57
Well, time for us to go โ€“ not to Mars, but to lunch!
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๊ธ€์Ž„, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐˆ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด์•ผ - ํ™”์„ฑ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์ ์‹ฌ ๋จน์œผ๋Ÿฌ!
18:01
Just time to say you can also find us on Facebook, Twitter, Instagram and YouTube,
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ํŽ˜์ด์Šค๋ถ, ํŠธ์œ„ํ„ฐ, ์ธ์Šคํƒ€๊ทธ๋žจ,
18:06
and, of course, on our website bbclearningenglish.com!
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์œ ํŠœ๋ธŒ๋Š” ๋ฌผ๋ก  ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ bbclearningenglish.com์—์„œ๋„ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
18:09
Thank you for joining us and goodbye!
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ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ•ด์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•ˆ๋…•ํžˆ ๊ณ„์„ธ์š”!
18:11
Bye bye!
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์•ˆ๋…•!
18:18
Hello. This is 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English.
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. BBC Learning English์˜ 6๋ถ„ ์˜์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:21
Iโ€™m Sam.
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์ €๋Š” ์ƒ˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:22
And Iโ€™m Georgina.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ์กฐ์ง€๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:24
Something that affects almost every woman at some
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์ธ์ƒ์˜ ์–ด๋Š ์‹œ์ ์—์„œ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์—ฌ์„ฑ์—๊ฒŒ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š”
18:26
point in her life is the menopause.
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๊ฒƒ์€ ํ๊ฒฝ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:30
The menopause is a natural part of ageing that happens as
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ํ๊ฒฝ์€
18:33
a womanโ€˜s hormones decline and she stops having monthly periods
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์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜ ํ˜ธ๋ฅด๋ชฌ์ด ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๊ณ  ์›”๊ฒฝ์ด
18:37
and being able to get pregnant naturally.
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๋ฉˆ์ถ”๊ณ  ์ž์—ฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ž„์‹ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๋…ธํ™”์˜ ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:40
With the menopause comes physical signs.
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ํ๊ฒฝ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‹ ์ฒด์  ์ง•ํ›„๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:42
These vary from person to person and often include hot
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์ด๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋งˆ๋‹ค ๋‹ค๋ฅด๋ฉฐ ์ข…์ข… ์•ˆ๋ฉด
18:46
flushes, mood swings and night sweats.
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ํ™์กฐ, ๊ธฐ๋ถ„ ๋ณ€ํ™” ๋ฐ ์•ผ๊ฐ„ ๋ฐœํ•œ์„ ํฌํ•จํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:49
But besides these there may be other changes too and living
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค ์™ธ์—๋„ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
18:52
through it can be isolating, both personally and professionally.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์œผ๋กœ๋‚˜ ์ง์—…์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ ๋ฆฝ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:57
In many societies, the menopause is still taboo โ€“
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๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌํšŒ์—์„œ ํ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๋Š” ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๊ธˆ๊ธฐ์‹œ
19:00
not talked about in public for social or religious reasons,
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๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ๋˜๋Š” ์ข…๊ต์ 
19:04
or because people are uncomfortable discussing it.
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์ด์œ ๋กœ ๋˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ํ๊ฒฝ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ถˆํŽธํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ณต๊ฐœ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:07
But recently high-profile women like former First Lady, Michelle Obama,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ตœ๊ทผ ๋ฏธ์…ธ ์˜ค๋ฐ”๋งˆ ์ „ ์˜๋ถ€์ธ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์œ ๋ช… ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค
19:12
have started speaking up.
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์ด ๋ชฉ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:15
In this programme, weโ€™ll be hearing from two other
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์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
19:17
women trying to make the menopause more visible in societyโ€ฆ
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์‚ฌํšŒ์—์„œ ํ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ข€ ๋” ๋ˆˆ์— ๋„๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๋Š” ๋‘ ๋ช…์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ
19:21
โ€ฆand, of course, weโ€™ll be learning some
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๋ฅผ
19:23
related vocabulary as well.
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๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹คโ€ฆ
19:25
But first let me ask you my quiz question, Georgina.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋จผ์ € ์ œ ํ€ด์ฆˆ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ• ๊ฒŒ์š”, Georgina.
19:29
As we mentioned, the menopause is part of the
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์•ž์„œ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ–ˆ๋“ฏ์ด ํ๊ฒฝ์€
19:31
natural ageing process and usually occurs between
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์ž์—ฐ์ ์ธ ๋…ธํ™” ๊ณผ์ •์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€์ด๋ฉฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ 
19:35
the ages of 45 and 55.
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์œผ๋กœ 45์„ธ์—์„œ 55์„ธ ์‚ฌ์ด์— ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:38
But what is the average age for a woman to reach the menopause in Britain?
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์˜๊ตญ์—์„œ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ด ํ๊ฒฝ์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ•˜๋Š” ํ‰๊ท  ์—ฐ๋ น์€ ๋ช‡ ์‚ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
19:43
Is it a) 49,
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a) 49,
19:46
b) 51,
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b) 51
19:47
or c) 53?
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, c) 53์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
19:49
Iโ€™ll jump in the middle and say 51 years old.
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์ค‘๊ฐ„์— ๋›ฐ์–ด๋“ค์–ด 51์„ธ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:53
OK, Georgina, weโ€™ll find out the answer
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์ข‹์•„์š”, Georgina, ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์—์„œ ๋‹ต์„ ์ฐพ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
19:56
later in the programme.
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.
19:57
Since the menopause is a normal and natural part of life
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ํ๊ฒฝ์€ ์‚ถ์˜ ์ •์ƒ์ ์ด๊ณ  ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
20:01
itโ€™s surprising how little itโ€™s talked about.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋†€๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:04
Dr Nighat Arif is a British Pakistani family doctor specialising
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Dr Nighat Arif๋Š” ์—ฌ์„ฑ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์„ ์ „๋ฌธ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๋Š” ์˜๊ตญ ํŒŒํ‚ค์Šคํƒ„ ๊ฐ€์ •
20:08
in womenโ€™s health.
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์˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:10
According to her, the silence around the subject is because menopause is
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๊ทธ๋…€์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด, ์ฃผ์ œ ์ฃผ๋ณ€์˜ ์นจ๋ฌต์€ ํ๊ฒฝ์ด
20:14
about getting old, something no one wants to be reminded of.
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์•„๋ฌด๋„ ์ƒ๊ธฐ์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๋Š™์–ด๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:19
Here is Dr Arif explaining more to BBC World Service programme, The Conversation:
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๋‹ค์Œ์€ BBC World Service ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ธ The Conversation์—์„œ Arif ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ž์„ธํžˆ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‚ด์šฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:25
Historically, particularly when it comes to women, the older you are youโ€™re surplus
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์—ญ์‚ฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ, ํŠนํžˆ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋‚˜์ด๊ฐ€ ๋“ค์ˆ˜๋ก ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์ž‰์—ฌ
20:29
to excess now, thatโ€™s it, youโ€™ve done your dues, youโ€™ve had your children, your
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์—์„œ ๊ณผ์ž‰์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ž๋…€, ๋‹น์‹ ์˜
20:33
use isnโ€™t needed anymore in societyโ€ฆ but actually women are not like that
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์‚ฌ์šฉ์€ ๋” ์ด์ƒ ์‚ฌํšŒ์—์„œ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹คโ€ฆ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์€ ์ „ํ˜€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
20:38
at all, women are far more becoming productive in the
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. ์—ฌ์„ฑ์€ ๊ฒฝ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ์ž‘์—… ๊ณต๊ฐ„์—์„œ ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ์ƒ์‚ฐ์ ์ด ๋˜๊ณ 
20:41
career and workspace and they are the caregivers,
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์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ฐ„๋ณ‘์ธ์ด๋ฉฐ
20:44
sometimes they are actually the financial providers in their home setting as well.
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๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์ •์—์„œ ๊ธˆ์œต ์ œ๊ณต์ž์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์„ค์ •๋„.
20:50
In many cultures, the traditional role of women is to have children.
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๋งŽ์€ ๋ฌธํ™”๊ถŒ์—์„œ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜ ์ „ํ†ต์ ์ธ ์—ญํ• ์€ ์ž๋…€๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:54
Dr Arif says that after doing this, women may be considered to have done -
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์•„๋ฆฌํ”„ ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•œ ํ›„์— ์—ฌ์„ฑ์€
20:58
or paid - their dues โ€“ an expression meaning to do everything you
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ํšŒ๋น„๋ฅผ ์™„์ˆ˜ํ–ˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ง€๋ถˆํ•œ
21:02
are expected to do, or to have done your duty.
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๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ„์ฃผ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:06
After raising children, women are sometimes thought to
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์•„์ด๋ฅผ ํ‚ค์šฐ๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋ฉด ์—ฌ์„ฑ์€
21:09
be surplus to excess, something which is more than
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21:13
needed, or in other words, surplus to requirements โ€“ a phrase meaning
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ํ•„์š” ์ด์ƒ์˜ ์ž‰์—ฌ, ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•ด ์š”๊ตฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ž‰์—ฌ, ์ฆ‰
21:18
โ€˜no longer requiredโ€™. Of course, this isnโ€™t true for all women everywhere, but it
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'๋” ์ด์ƒ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Œ'์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ชจ๋“  ์—ฌ์„ฑ์—๊ฒŒ ํ•ด๋‹น๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
21:24
is surprising how unequal men and womenโ€™s experience
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๋‚จ์„ฑ๊ณผ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜
21:27
of getting older can be.
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๋…ธํ™” ๊ฒฝํ—˜์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋ถˆํ‰๋“ฑํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€๋Š” ๋†€๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:29
Barbara Hannah Grufferman, is an American writer who publishes a regular
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Barbara Hannah Grufferman์€ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•œ ๋…ธํ™”์— ์ดˆ์ 
21:34
newsletter, โ€˜The Menopause Cheat Sheetโ€™, which
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์„ ๋งž์ถ˜ ์ •๊ธฐ ๋‰ด์Šค๋ ˆํ„ฐ์ธ 'The Menopause Cheat Sheet'๋ฅผ ๋ฐœํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ž‘๊ฐ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
21:37
focuses on healthy ageing.
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.
21:39
Here she is speaking with BBC World Service
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” BBC World Service
21:41
programme, The Conversation:
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ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ธ The Conversation์—์„œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ
21:44
One of the biggest complications, I think, is ageism.
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์ƒ๊ฐ์— ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ํ•ฉ๋ณ‘์ฆ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ์—ฐ๋ น ์ฐจ๋ณ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:47
So, if women are entering that age range, 45 and over,
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ด 45์„ธ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ํ•ด๋‹น ์—ฐ๋ น๋Œ€์— ์ง„์ž…ํ•˜๋ฉด
21:52
theyโ€™re already possibly feeling the effects of ageism,
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์ด๋ฏธ ์—ฐ๋ น ์ฐจ๋ณ„์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋Š๋ผ๊ณ  ์žˆ์„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด
21:56
you know, pointing in their direction.
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์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:59
And then when they add on this layer of having these physical
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
22:03
symptoms that can impact how theyโ€™re functioning
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์ง์žฅ๊ณผ ์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์ง‘์—์„œ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์‹ ์ฒด์  ์ฆ์ƒ์„ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ์ด ๊ณ„์ธต์„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€
22:07
at work and even at home - itโ€™s a double whammy.
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ํ•˜๋ฉด ์ด์ค‘๊ณ ๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:12
For Barbara Hannah Grufferman, one of the biggest
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Barbara Hannah Grufferman
22:15
barriers women face is ageism - the unfair treatment
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์—๊ฒŒ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ด ์ง๋ฉดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ์žฅ๋ฒฝ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ๋…ธ์ธ ์ฐจ๋ณ„, ์ฆ‰
22:18
of older people because of their age.
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๋‚˜์ด ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋…ธ์ธ์„ ๋ถ€๋‹นํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋Œ€์šฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:21
Just as racism and sexism discriminate against people because of their race
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์ธ์ข…์ฐจ๋ณ„๊ณผ ์„ฑ์ฐจ๋ณ„์ด ์ธ์ข…์ด๋‚˜ ์„ฑ๋ณ„ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ์ฐจ๋ณ„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
22:26
or gender, ageism values older people less than the young.
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์—ฐ๋ น์ฃผ์˜๋Š” ์ Š์€์ด๋ณด๋‹ค ๋…ธ์ธ์„ ๋œ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:32
As we mentioned before, the menopause brings physical
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์•ž์„œ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ–ˆ๋“ฏ์ด ํ๊ฒฝ์€
22:35
signs such as hot flushes or night sweats.
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์•ˆ๋ฉด ํ™์กฐ๋‚˜ ์‹์€๋•€๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์‹ ์ฒด์  ์ง•ํ›„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:39
These signs are known as symptoms - things wrong with your body or
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ง•ํ›„๋Š” ์ฆ์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ชธ์ด๋‚˜
22:42
mind that are signs of some illness or bodily process.
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๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์งˆ๋ณ‘์ด๋‚˜ ์‹ ์ฒด ๊ณผ์ •์˜ ์ง•ํ›„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:47
So, menopausal women suffer physical symptoms, as well as
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ฐฑ๋…„๊ธฐ ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค์€ ์‹ ์ฒด์  ์ฆ์ƒ์„ ๊ฒช์œผ
22:52
possibly dealing with discrimination based on their age.
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๋ฉด์„œ ๋‚˜์ด์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ฐจ๋ณ„์— ์‹œ๋‹ฌ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
22:56
Barbara Hannah Grufferman calls this a double whammy โ€“ an informal way to
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Barbara Hannah Grufferman์€ ์ด๋ฅผ ์ด์ค‘๊ณ (double whammy)๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
23:00
describe a situation where two unpleasant things
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. ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ถˆ์พŒํ•œ ์ผ์ด ๋™์‹œ์— ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ๋น„๊ณต์‹์ ์œผ๋กœ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„
23:03
happen at the same time.
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์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:06
The menopause can be a difficult time in a womanโ€™s life.
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ํ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๋Š” ์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜ ์‚ถ์—์„œ ํž˜๋“  ์‹œ๊ธฐ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:09
But with age comes wisdom and experience
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋‚˜์ด๊ฐ€ ๋“ค๋ฉด์„œ ์ง€ํ˜œ์™€ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์ด ์ƒ๊ธฐ๊ณ 
23:12
and in more and more societies around the world
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์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ ์  ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌํšŒ
23:15
the menopause is being talked about more openly.
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์—์„œ ํ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋” ๊ณต๊ฐœ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:19
Speaking of which, what was the answer to your question, Sam?
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๋งํ•˜์ž๋ฉด, ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‹ต์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ, Sam?
23:23
In my quiz question I asked about the average age
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๋‚ด ํ€ด์ฆˆ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์—์„œ ๋‚˜๋Š”
23:26
for British women to reach menopause.
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์˜๊ตญ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ด ํ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ•˜๋Š” ํ‰๊ท  ์—ฐ๋ น์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ฌผ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
23:29
I said it was c) 51.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด c) 51์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
23:32
Which wasโ€ฆ the correct answer!
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€โ€ฆ ์ •๋‹ต์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
23:35
Although for some women menopause can start as early as in their 40s.
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์ผ๋ถ€ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ํ๊ฒฝ์ด ๋น ๋ฅด๋ฉด 40๋Œ€์— ์‹œ์ž‘๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:40
OK, letโ€™s recap the vocabulary from this programme
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์ข‹์•„, ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ๋˜๋Š” ์ข…๊ต์  ์ด์œ ๋กœ ๊ธˆ์ง€๋œ ๊ธˆ๊ธฐ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์œผ๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์˜ ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ์š”์•ฝํ•ด ๋ณด์ž
23:43
starting with taboo โ€“ something which is forbidden
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23:46
for social or religious reasons.
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.
23:49
'To pay your dues' means 'to do your duty'.
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'ํšŒ๋น„๋ฅผ ์ง€๋ถˆํ•˜๋‹ค'๋Š” '์˜๋ฌด๋ฅผ ๋‹คํ•˜๋‹ค'๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:53
'Surplus to requirements' means 'to be no longer needed'.
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'์š”๊ตฌ๋Ÿ‰ ์ดˆ๊ณผ'๋Š” '๋” ์ด์ƒ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Œ'์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:56
'Ageism' is the unfair treatment of older people because of their age.
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'์—์ด์ง€์ฆ˜'์€ ๋‚˜์ด ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋…ธ์ธ์„ ๋ถ€๋‹นํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋Œ€์šฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:01
'Symptom' is a sign of illness.
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'์ฆ์ƒ'์€ ์งˆ๋ณ‘์˜ ์ง•ํ›„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:04
And finally, a 'double whammy' is a situation where
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ 'double whammy'๋Š”
24:07
two unpleasant things happen at once.
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๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ถˆ์พŒํ•œ ์ผ์ด ๋™์‹œ์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:10
Thatโ€™s all from us, but we hope to see you again soon. Bye for now!
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์ „๋ถ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ณง ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ต™๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์•ˆ๋…•!
24:14
Goodbye!
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์•ˆ๋…•ํžˆ ๊ฐ€์„ธ์š”!
24:21
Hello, this is 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English.
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š” BBC Learning English์˜ 6๋ถ„ ์˜์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:24
Iโ€™m Neil.
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์ €๋Š” ๋‹์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:25
And Iโ€™m Sam.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ์ƒ˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:26
Sam, have you ever heard the expression โ€˜a problem shared
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์ƒ˜, '๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ์ค„์–ด๋“ ๋‹ค'๋Š” ๋ง์„ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณธ ์ ์ด
24:30
is a problem halvedโ€™?
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์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
24:31
Yes, Neil, I have.
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๋„ค, ๋‹, ์žˆ์–ด์š”. ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์™€ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด
24:33
Doesnโ€™t it mean that people often feel better after talking
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์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋ฉด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ข…์ข… ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์ด ์ข‹์•„์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜์ง€
24:36
about their problems with someone?
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์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
24:38
Right - in this programme weโ€™ll be hearing the extraordinary story of how these ideas
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๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ง๋ฐ”๋ธŒ์›จ์˜ ์ง€์—ญ์‚ฌํšŒ ํ• ๋จธ๋‹ˆ ํŒ€์ด ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์˜€๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ
24:43
were taken up by a team of community grandmothers in Zimbabwe.
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์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:47
Zimbabwe has over 14 million people but fewer than 20 psychiatrists.
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์ง๋ฐ”๋ธŒ์›จ์—๋Š” 1,400๋งŒ ๋ช…์ด ๋„˜๋Š” ์ธ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์ •์‹ ๊ณผ ์˜์‚ฌ๋Š” 20๋ช… ๋ฏธ๋งŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:53
After years of economic turmoil, unemployment and HIV, mental health is a huge
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์ˆ˜๋…„๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ํ˜ผ๋ž€, ์‹ค์—… ๋ฐ HIV ์ดํ›„ ์ •์‹  ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์€ ํฐ
24:59
challenge, and doctors estimate that one in four Zimbabweans
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๋„์ „์ด๋ฉฐ ์˜์‚ฌ๋“ค์€ ์ง๋ฐ”๋ธŒ์›จ์ธ 4๋ช… ์ค‘ 1๋ช…์ด
25:03
suffers from depression or anxiety.
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์šฐ์šธ์ฆ์ด๋‚˜ ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์„ ๊ฒช๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ถ”์ •ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:05
When it proved impossible to find free space to use in hospitals, psychiatrist Dr Dixon
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๋ณ‘์›์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์—ฌ์œ  ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ์ฐพ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ž…์ฆ๋˜์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ, ์ •์‹ ๊ณผ ์˜์‚ฌ Dr Dixon
25:11
Chibanda, came up with the idea of turning
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Chibanda๋Š”
25:13
public park benches into spaces for therapy.
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๊ณต๊ณต ๊ณต์› ๋ฒค์น˜๋ฅผ ์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๋Š” ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๋†“์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:16
He recruited grandmothers, who have both free time and plenty of life experience,
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์šฐ์šธ์ฆ, ๋ถˆ์•ˆ, ํŠธ๋ผ์šฐ๋งˆ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ •์‹  ๊ฑด๊ฐ• ๋ฌธ์ œ๋กœ ๊ณ ๊ตฐ๋ถ„ํˆฌํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์—ฌ๊ฐ€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ์ธ์ƒ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์ด ํ’๋ถ€ํ•œ ํ• ๋จธ๋‹ˆ๋ฅผ ๋ชจ์ง‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
25:22
to talk with individuals struggling with mental health issues
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25:25
like depression, anxiety, and trauma.
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.
25:28
The grandmothers are drawn from the local community
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ํ• ๋จธ๋‹ˆ๋“ค์€ ์ง€์—ญ ์‚ฌํšŒ
25:30
and trained over several weeks in a talking therapy
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์—์„œ ์„ ๋ฐœ๋˜์–ด ๋ช‡ ์ฃผ ๋™์•ˆ CBT๋ผ๋Š” ๋Œ€ํ™” ์š”๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ›ˆ๋ จ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:33
called CBT โ€“ but what does that abbreviation, CBT, stand for?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๊ทธ ์•ฝ์–ด์ธ CBT๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
25:39
Thatโ€™s my quiz question.
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์ œ ํ€ด์ฆˆ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:41
Is it a) Chatting Based Therapy,
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a) ์ฑ„ํŒ… ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ์น˜๋ฃŒ,
25:43
b) Conversation Brain Therapy
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b) ๋Œ€ํ™” ๋‡Œ ์น˜๋ฃŒ
25:46
or c) Cognitive Behavioural Therapy?
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๋˜๋Š” c) ์ธ์ง€ ํ–‰๋™ ์น˜๋ฃŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
25:49
Well, I think Iโ€™ll say c) Cognitive Behavioural Therapy.
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ์ €๋Š” c) ์ธ์ง€ ํ–‰๋™ ์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
25:53
OK, Sam, weโ€™ll find out later.
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์ข‹์•„, ์ƒ˜, ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋ ๊ฑฐ์•ผ.
25:55
Now, although the recent history of Zimbabwe has left millions struggling
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ํ˜„์žฌ ์ง๋ฐ”๋ธŒ์›จ์˜ ์ตœ๊ทผ ์—ญ์‚ฌ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ๋ช…์ด
25:59
with mental health issues, at the start of his
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์ •์‹  ๊ฑด๊ฐ• ๋ฌธ์ œ๋กœ ์–ด๋ ค์›€์„ ๊ฒช๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ์˜
26:02
project, Dr Dixon Chibanda was the only psychiatrist
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ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ ์‹œ์ž‘ ๋‹น์‹œ Dixon Chibanda ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๋Š”
26:05
working in public health in the whole country.
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์ „๊ตญ์—์„œ ๊ณต์ค‘ ๋ณด๊ฑด ๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ ์ผํ•˜๋Š” ์œ ์ผํ•œ ์ •์‹ ๊ณผ ์˜์‚ฌ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:08
And as well as a lack of provision, many villagers were suspicious of
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ œ๊ณต์ด ๋ถ€์กฑํ•  ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋งŽ์€ ๋งˆ์„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
26:12
talking therapy, preferring to rely on traditional faith healers instead.
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๋Œ€ํ™” ์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์˜์‹ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ๋Œ€์‹  ์ „ํ†ต์ ์ธ ์‹ ์•™ ์น˜๋ฃŒ์‚ฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์˜์กดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์„ ํ˜ธํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:18
Which is why when Kim Chakanetsa, of BBC World Serviceโ€™s
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— BBC World Service์˜
26:22
The Documentary Podcast, spoke to Dr Dixon Chibanda,
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The Documentary Podcast์˜ Kim Chakanetsa๋Š” Dixon Chibanda ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ
26:25
she started by asking him whether people were supportive of his idea:
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์—๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ์˜ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ์ง€์ง€ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:31
Initially there was a lot of scepticism, a lot of resistance, particularly from colleagues
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26:36
who thought this was not evidence-based, and it wasnโ€™t going to work.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ฆ๊ฑฐ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:41
The whole idea of training grandmothers โ€“ I mean,
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ํ• ๋จธ๋‹ˆ๋ฅผ ํ›ˆ๋ จ์‹œํ‚ค์ž๋Š” ์•„์ด๋””์–ด
26:43
this has not been done anywhere else in the world
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๋Š” ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์–ด๋””์—์„œ๋„ ํ•œ ์ ์ด
26:46
so naturally there was resistance.
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์—†์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋‹น์—ฐํžˆ ์ €ํ•ญ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:48
Were you at all apprehensive?
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์ „ํ˜€ ๋ถˆ์•ˆํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‚˜์š”?
26:50
I was, to be quite honest.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์†”์งํžˆ ๋งํ•ด์„œ ๊ทธ๋žฌ๋‹ค.
26:53
At first, Dr Dixon Chibandaโ€™s ideas were met with
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์ฒ˜์Œ์— Dixon Chibanda ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ์˜ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋Š”
26:56
scepticism โ€“ an attitude of doubting whether something is useful or true.
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์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์ด ์œ ์šฉํ•œ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ธ์ง€ ์˜์‹ฌํ•˜๋Š” ํƒœ๋„์ธ ํšŒ์˜๋ก ์— ๋ถ€๋”ชํ˜”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:02
โ€˜Grandma benchesโ€™ were a totally new idea, never seen
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'ํ• ๋จธ๋‹ˆ ๋ฒค์น˜'๋Š” ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์–ด๋””์—์„œ๋„ ๋ณธ ์  ์—†๋Š” ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์•„์ด๋””์–ด
27:06
before anywhere in the world and so his colleagues naturally
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์˜€๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ทธ์˜ ๋™๋ฃŒ๋“ค์€ ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ
27:09
felt some resistance - refusal to accept a change or new idea.
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๋ณ€ํ™”๋‚˜ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ฑฐ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋Š” ์ €ํ•ญ์„ ๋Š๊ผˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:14
Which left Dr Dixon Chibanda feeling a little apprehensive โ€“
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์ด๋กœ ์ธํ•ด Dixon Chibanda ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ
27:18
worried that something bad was going to happen to his project.
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๋Š” ์ž์‹ ์˜ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์— ๋‚˜์œ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚ ๊นŒ ๋ด ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๋ถˆ์•ˆํ•ดํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:23
Fortunately, as it turned out, Dr Dixon Chibandaโ€™s apprehensions were wrong.
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๋‹คํ–‰ํžˆ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ Dixon Chibanda ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ์˜ ์šฐ๋ ค๋Š” ํ‹€๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:28
Grandmothers are highly respected in Zimbabwean society
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ํ• ๋จธ๋‹ˆ๋Š” ์ง๋ฐ”๋ธŒ์›จ ์‚ฌํšŒ์—์„œ ๋†’์€ ์กด๊ฒฝ์„ ๋ฐ›๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ํ• ๋จธ๋‹ˆ
27:32
and as they started listening, people began opening up and telling their stories.
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์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋“ฃ๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋งˆ์Œ์„ ์—ด๊ณ  ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:36
The โ€˜grandma benchesโ€™ have empowered over 50,000 people
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'ํ• ๋จธ๋‹ˆ ๋ฒค์น˜'๋Š” 50,000๋ช… ์ด์ƒ์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค
27:40
to deal with their life problems and Dr Dixon Chibanda even has plans
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์ด ์‚ถ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์ง€์›ํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ Dixon Chibanda ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๋Š”
27:44
to move his idea online, giving the world access to a virtual Friendship Bench.
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์ž์‹ ์˜ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ฎ๊ฒจ ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์ƒ ์šฐ์ • ๋ฒค์น˜์— ์•ก์„ธ์Šคํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ํ•  ๊ณ„ํš์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:50
Here he is again, explaining on the BBC World Serviceโ€™s
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋‹ค์‹œ BBC World Service์˜
27:53
The Documentary Podcast why he believes his ideas have been so successful:
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The Documentary Podcast์—์„œ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๊ฐ€ ์„ฑ๊ณตํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…
27:59
It works because itโ€™s simple, itโ€™s cheap and itโ€™s run by communities, particularly
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ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•˜๊ณ  ์ €๋ ดํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆํ‹ฐ
28:05
grandmothers who are, in essence, a resource in African communities
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, ํŠนํžˆ ๋ณธ์งˆ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด์˜ ์ž์›์ธ ํ• ๋จธ๋‹ˆ๊ฐ€ ์šด์˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ž‘๋™ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆํ‹ฐ
28:10
โ€“ you know, they are the custodians of local culture and
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โ€“ ์•Œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ, ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ง€์—ญ ๋ฌธํ™”์™€ ์ง€ํ˜œ์˜ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์ธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
28:13
wisdom โ€“ thatโ€™s why is works, and I guess, it does
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โ€“ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ž‘ํ’ˆ์ธ ์ด์œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์—๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ •์‹  ์งˆํ™˜๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ
28:18
away with western concepts which remove the stigma
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์˜ค๋ช…์„ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•˜๋Š” ์„œ๊ตฌ์  ๊ฐœ๋…์„ ์—†์•ฑ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
28:22
that is normally associated with mental illness.
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.
28:25
Clients are willing to share their problems with the grandmother-therapists
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๋‚ด๋‹ด์ž๋“ค์€ ํ• ๋จธ๋‹ˆ-์น˜๋ฃŒ์‚ฌ๋“ค์ด ๋ฌธํ™” ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์ธ์œผ๋กœ ์กด๊ฒฝ๋ฐ›๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๊บผ์ด ๊ณต์œ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:29
because they are respected as cultural custodians โ€“ people with responsibility for
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€
28:34
taking care of something or trying to protect ideas or principles,
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๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋Œ๋ณด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋‚˜ ์›์น™
28:39
in this case local customs and wisdom.
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, ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ง€์—ญ ๊ด€์Šต๊ณผ ์ง€ํ˜œ๋ฅผ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•  ์ฑ…์ž„์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:43
This helps do away with โ€“ or remove โ€“ the stigma attached to mental health
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ •์‹  ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์— ๋ถ€์ฐฉ๋œ ๋‚™์ธ์„ ์—†์• ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:47
strong feelings of shame or disapproval which most members of a community
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์ด๋Š” ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆํ‹ฐ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›์ด
28:51
have towards something, such as psychological illness.
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์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์งˆ๋ณ‘๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ์ˆ˜์น˜์‹ฌ์ด๋‚˜ ๋ฐ˜๊ฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:55
For Zimbabweans suffering domestic violence, unemployment
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๊ฐ€์ • ํญ๋ ฅ, ์‹ค์—…
28:59
and dealing with HIV, having a grandmother to talk to really can change their
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, HIV์— ์‹œ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ง๋ฐ”๋ธŒ์›จ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ํ• ๋จธ๋‹ˆ์™€ ๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„๋ฉด
29:04
perceptions about how problems can be managed.
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๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๊ด€๋ฆฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ธ์‹์ด ๋ฐ”๋€” ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:07
So it seems true that โ€˜a problem shared is a problem
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ
29:09
halvedโ€™, which reminds me of our quiz question, Sam.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ํ€ด์ฆˆ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ธ Sam์ด ์ƒ๊ฐ๋‚˜๋Š” '๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ์ค„์–ด๋“ ๋‹ค'๋Š” ๋ง์ด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ธ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:13
Yes.
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์˜ˆ.
29:14
You asked me what the talking therapy abbreviated to CBT stands for.
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CBT๋กœ ์•ฝ์นญ๋˜๋Š” ๋Œ€ํ™” ์š”๋ฒ•์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:19
And I said c) Cognitive Behavioural Therapy.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋Š” c)์ธ์ง€ ํ–‰๋™ ์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:24
Which is absolutely right!
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์–ด๋Š ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ ˆ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ณ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
29:25
CBT โ€“ a way of managing problems by changing ways
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CBT โ€“ ์‚ฌ๊ณ  ๋ฐฉ์‹๊ณผ ํ–‰๋™ ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๊ด€๋ฆฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•
29:29
of thinking and behaving.
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์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:31
So, this week weโ€™ve been hearing the inspiring story of Zimbabwean
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๋ฒˆ ์ฃผ์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ง๋ฐ”๋ธŒ์›จ์˜
29:35
Dr Dixon Chibandaโ€™s โ€˜grandma benchโ€™ therapy -
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Dixon Chibanda ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ์˜ 'ํ• ๋จธ๋‹ˆ ๋ฒค์น˜' ์š”๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐ๋™์ ์ธ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด
29:39
an idea which was initially met with scepticism โ€“ a doubtful attitude, and resistance โ€“
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์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋Š” ์ฒ˜์Œ์—๋Š” ํšŒ์˜๋ก , ์˜์‹ฌ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ํƒœ๋„, ์ €ํ•ญ,
29:45
refusal to change and accept new ideas.
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๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ฑฐ๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:48
Dr Dixon Chibandaโ€™s feelings of apprehension โ€“ worries that the project would fail,
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Dixon Chibanda ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ์˜ ๋ถˆ์•ˆ๊ฐ(ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๊ฐ€ ์‹คํŒจํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฑฑ์ •)์€
29:53
proved false when his team of grandmother therapists were treated as custodians โ€“
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๊ทธ์˜ ํ• ๋จธ๋‹ˆ ์น˜๋ฃŒ์‚ฌ ํŒ€์ด ์šฐ์šธ์ฆ, ๋นˆ๊ณค ๋ฐ ํŠธ๋ผ์šฐ๋งˆ๋กœ ๊ณ ํ†ต๋ฐ›๋Š”
29:57
or protectors - of wisdom and life experience who really could help people
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ์ง„์ •์œผ๋กœ ๋„์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ง€ํ˜œ์™€ ์‚ถ์˜ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์˜ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์ธ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ณดํ˜ธ์ž๋กœ ์ทจ๊ธ‰๋˜์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๊ฑฐ์ง“์ž„์ด ์ž…์ฆ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
30:02
suffering depression, poverty and trauma.
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.
30:05
The success of the project helped do away with โ€“ or remove โ€“
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์ด ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์˜ ์„ฑ๊ณต์€ ๋‚™์ธ์œผ๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์ง„
30:10
strong feelings of shame or disapproval felt by many people regarding mental health,
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์ •์‹  ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋Š๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ์ˆ˜์น˜์‹ฌ์ด๋‚˜ ๋ฐ˜๊ฐ์„ ์—†์• ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด
30:15
known as stigma.
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๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:17
To hear more inspiring, topical stories, join us again soon here at
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๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฐ๋™์ ์ด๊ณ  ์‹œ์‚ฌ์ ์ธ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์œผ๋ ค๋ฉด ๊ณง ์—ฌ๊ธฐ 6 Minute English์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ํ•˜์„ธ์š”
30:21
6 Minute English. Bye for now!
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. ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์•ˆ๋…•!
30:23
Goodbye!
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์•ˆ๋…•ํžˆ ๊ฐ€์„ธ์š”!
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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