Countries try to change UN climate report: BBC News Review

82,759 views ・ 2021-11-02

BBC Learning English


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ²ˆμ—­λœ μžλ§‰μ€ 기계 λ²ˆμ—­λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

00:00
COP26 is under way in Glasgow,
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COP26이 κΈ€λž˜μŠ€κ³ μ—μ„œ 진행 μ€‘μ΄μ§€λ§Œ,
00:03
but ahead of the conference a leaked report seen by the BBC
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νšŒμ˜μ— μ•žμ„œ BBCκ°€ λ³Έ 유좜 λ³΄κ³ μ„œλŠ”
00:08
showed that some countries were trying to get a change made
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일뢀 κ΅­κ°€κ°€
00:12
to a crucial scientific report.
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μ€‘μš”ν•œ κ³Όν•™ λ³΄κ³ μ„œλ₯Ό λ³€κ²½ν•˜λ €κ³  μ‹œλ„ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŒμ„ λ³΄μ—¬μ£Όμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:15
I'm Neil. This is News Review from BBC Learning English
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μ €λŠ” λ‹μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 이것은 BBC Learning English의 λ‰΄μŠ€ λ¦¬λ·°μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:18
and joining me is Roy. Hi Roy.
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저와 ν•¨κ»˜ν•œ Royμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ•ˆλ…• 둜이.
00:20
Hi Neil and hello everybody.
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μ•ˆλ…• 닐 그리고 μ•ˆλ…• λͺ¨λ‘λ“€. 이야기에 λ‚˜μ˜€λŠ” μ–΄νœ˜λ₯Ό
00:23
If you would like to test yourself on the vocabulary around the story,
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μ‹œν—˜ν•΄λ³΄κ³  μ‹Άλ‹€λ©΄
00:26
head to our website bbclearningenglish.com to take a quiz.
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저희 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ bbclearningenglish.com으둜 κ°€μ„œ ν€΄μ¦ˆλ₯Ό ν’€μ–΄λ³΄μ„Έμš”.
00:31
But now, let's hear more about this story from this BBC News report:
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 이제 이 BBC λ‰΄μŠ€ λ³΄κ³ μ„œμ—μ„œ 이 이야기에 λŒ€ν•΄ 더 λ“€μ–΄λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
00:47
OK. So, the story is this: BBC News has seen some leaked documents
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. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°λŠ” μ΄λ ‡μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. BBC λ‰΄μŠ€λŠ”
00:52
that suggest that some countries are trying to change
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일뢀 κ΅­κ°€κ°€
00:56
a crucial scientific report on climate change.
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κΈ°ν›„ 변화에 λŒ€ν•œ μ€‘μš”ν•œ κ³Όν•™ λ³΄κ³ μ„œλ₯Ό λ³€κ²½ν•˜λ €κ³  μ‹œλ„ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŒμ„ μ‹œμ‚¬ν•˜λŠ” 일뢀 유좜된 λ¬Έμ„œλ₯Ό λ³΄μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:01
Well, you've been looking at this story
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κΈ€μŽ„μš”, 당신은 이 이야기λ₯Ό 보고
01:03
and scanning the various headlines to see how people are talking about it.
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ 그것에 λŒ€ν•΄ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ λ§ν•˜λŠ”μ§€ 보기 μœ„ν•΄ λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ ν—€λ“œλΌμΈμ„ ν›‘μ–΄λ΄€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:09
What three items of vocabulary have you got?
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μ–΄λ–€ μ„Έ 가지 μ–΄νœ˜ ν•­λͺ©μ΄ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
01:12
We have 'water down', 'spanner in the works' and 'lobbying'.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 'μ›Œν„° λ‹€μš΄', 'μž‘μ—… 쀑인 μŠ€νŒ¨λ„ˆ' 및 'λ‘œλΉ„'κ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:18
'Water down', 'spanner in the works' and 'lobbying'.
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'μ›Œν„° λ‹€μš΄', 'μŠ€νŒ¨λ„ˆ μž‘μ—… 쀑', 'λ‘œλΉ„'.
01:22
So, let's start with your first headline there please, Roy.
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그럼 첫 번째 ν—€λ“œλΌμΈλΆ€ν„° μ‹œμž‘ν•˜κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€, Roy.
01:26
OK. So, our first headline comes from Politico and it reads:
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μ’‹μ•„μš”. λ”°λΌμ„œ 우리의 첫 번째 ν—€λ“œλΌμΈμ€ Politicoμ—μ„œ λ‚˜μ˜¨ 것이며 λ‹€μŒκ³Ό κ°™μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:37
'Water down' – make something less effective; weaken.
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꺾이닀.
01:42
OK. So, this expression is spelt:
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μ’‹μ•„μš”. λ”°λΌμ„œ 이 ν‘œν˜„μ€ 철자:
01:45
W-A-T-E-R. Second word: D-O-W-N.
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W-A-T-E-Rμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 두 번째 단어: D-O-W-N.
01:50
And like you said, it makes...
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그리고 당신이 λ§ν–ˆλ“―μ΄, 그것은...
01:52
it's the idea of making something weaker or less effective.
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무언가λ₯Ό 더 μ•½ν•˜κ²Œ λ§Œλ“€κ±°λ‚˜ 덜 효율적으둜 λ§Œλ“ λ‹€λŠ” μƒκ°μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:58
OK. So, I was a little bit confused, Roy,
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μ’‹μ•„μš”. 둜이, μ €λŠ” μ•½κ°„ ν˜Όλž€μŠ€λŸ¬μ› μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:01
because I assumed because this is a climate change story
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μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ 이것이 κΈ°ν›„ λ³€ν™” 이야기이기 λ•Œλ¬Έμ— ν™μˆ˜λ‚˜ λΉ„κ°€ μ¦κ°€ν•˜κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ—
02:05
that we've got the word 'water' and 'down' here
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여기에 'λ¬Ό'κ³Ό 'μ•„λž˜λ‘œ'λΌλŠ” 단어가 μžˆλ‹€κ³  κ°€μ •ν–ˆκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
02:07
because there's increased flooding or raining.
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. 그렇지
02:10
Is that not the case?
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μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
02:13
No, no. That's a more literal meaning.
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μ•„λ‹ˆ μ•„λ‹ˆ. 그것은 더 문자 κ·ΈλŒ€λ‘œμ˜ μ˜λ―Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:16
So, for example, water levels can go down or they can go up,
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예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄, μˆ˜μœ„λŠ” λ‚΄λ €κ°€κ±°λ‚˜ 올라갈 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:20
but in this sense – first of all, let's talk about...
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 이런 μ˜λ―Έμ—μ„œ – λ¨Όμ € 이야기해 λ΄…μ‹œλ‹€β€¦
02:23
it's more of a figurative meaning, so let's talk about coffee.
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02:27
Do you like strong coffee?
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μ§„ν•œ 컀피 μ’‹μ•„ν•˜μ„Έμš”?
02:30
I do. I do love strong espresso-style coffee, but you know what, Roy?
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κ·Έλž˜μš”. λ‚˜λŠ” κ°•ν•œ μ—μŠ€ν”„λ ˆμ†Œ μŠ€νƒ€μΌμ˜ 컀피λ₯Ό μ’‹μ•„ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ κ·Έκ±° μ•Œμ•„, 둜이?
02:36
It's... sometimes it's a little bit too strong.
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그것은... λ•Œλ•Œλ‘œ 그것은 λ„ˆλ¬΄ κ°•ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:40
I want something – a bit of a longer drink, so I have an americano.
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λ‚˜λŠ” λ­”κ°€λ₯Ό μ›ν•œλ‹€ – 쑰금 더 κΈ΄ 음료, κ·Έλž˜μ„œ λ‚˜λŠ” 아메리카노λ₯Ό λ§ˆμ‹ λ‹€.
02:46
OK. So, what... what is an americano then?
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μ’‹μ•„μš”. 그럼 뭐... 그럼 μ•„λ©”λ¦¬μΉ΄λ…ΈλŠ” 뭐죠?
02:48
An americano is an espresso-style coffee,
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μ•„λ©”λ¦¬μΉ΄λ…ΈλŠ” μ—μŠ€ν”„λ ˆμ†Œ μŠ€νƒ€μΌμ˜ 컀피
02:52
but it's had water added to it – hot water.
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μ΄μ§€λ§Œ 뜨거운 물을 μΆ”κ°€ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 덜 κ°•ν•˜κ²Œ λ§Œλ“€κΈ° μœ„ν•΄
02:55
It's been 'watered down' to make it less strong.
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'μ›Œν„° λ‹€μš΄'λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
02:58
Yes... So, that's... that's where the expression's from:
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예... κ·Έλž˜μ„œ, 그게... ν‘œν˜„μ΄ λ‚˜μ˜¨ κ³³μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ—μŠ€ν”„λ ˆμ†Œμ™€ 같은 것에
03:00
the idea of adding water to something,
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물을 μ²¨κ°€ν•˜μ—¬
03:02
like the espresso, to make it less strong,
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덜 κ°•ν•˜κ²Œ λ§Œλ“€κ³ , 더
03:05
to make it weaker, to lessen that impact that it has on you.
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μ•½ν•˜κ²Œ λ§Œλ“€κ³ , 그것이 λ‹Ήμ‹ μ—κ²Œ λ―ΈμΉ˜λŠ” 영ν–₯을 μ€„μΈλ‹€λŠ” μ•„μ΄λ””μ–΄μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:09
Now, in the headline, we're not talking about coffee;
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이제 ν—€λ“œλΌμΈμ—μ„œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 컀피에 λŒ€ν•΄ λ§ν•˜λŠ” 것이 μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:12
we're talking about a document, so we use this meaning...
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λ¬Έμ„œμ— λŒ€ν•΄ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν•˜κ³  μžˆμœΌλ―€λ‘œ 이 의미λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€...
03:16
we used this expression in a figurative way.
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이 ν‘œν˜„μ„ λΉ„μœ μ μœΌλ‘œ μ‚¬μš©ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:19
So, we say 'water down' the impact of a document and it's the same idea:
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λ”°λΌμ„œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λ¬Έμ„œμ˜ 영ν–₯을 'μ›Œν„° λ‹€μš΄'이라고 ν•˜λ©° μ΄λŠ” λ™μΌν•œ κ°œλ…μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ–΄λ–€ κ²ƒμ˜
03:24
to lessen the impact or the importance of something – to 'water it down'.
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영ν–₯μ΄λ‚˜ μ€‘μš”μ„±μ„ μ€„μ΄λŠ” 것, 즉 'μ›Œν„° λ‹€μš΄'ν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:29
Yeah, that's absolutely right.
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λ„€, λ§žμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:31
There is another word which has the same meaning as 'water down':
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'water down'κ³Ό 같은 의미λ₯Ό 가진 또 λ‹€λ₯Έ 단어가 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€:
03:37
'dilute' – so, we have 'dilute' and we have 'water down'.
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'dilute' – κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 'dilute' 와 'water down'을 가지고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:41
'Dilute' sounds like a word that has the same meaning
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'ν¬μ„ν•˜λ‹€'λŠ”
03:45
in many different, especially Latin, languages,
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μ—¬λŸ¬ λ‹€λ₯Έ μ–Έμ–΄, 특히 λΌν‹΄μ–΄μ—μ„œ 같은 의미λ₯Ό 가진 λ‹¨μ–΄μ²˜λŸΌ λ“€λ¦¬λŠ”λ°
03:49
so why can't I just use 'dilute'?
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μ™œ 'ν¬μ„ν•˜λ‹€'λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μ—†λ‚˜μš”?
03:51
Why do I need to use this word 'water down'?
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μ™œ 'μ›Œν„° λ‹€μš΄'μ΄λΌλŠ” 단어λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
03:54
Well, this is a great question
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κΈ€μŽ„μš”, 이것은 쒋은 질문
03:55
and you absolutely can use 'dilute' if you wish to use it.
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이고 당신이 그것을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜κ³  μ‹Άλ‹€λ©΄ μ ˆλŒ€μ μœΌλ‘œ '희석'을 μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:58
And you said it's got a Latin root;
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그리고 당신은 그것이 라틴어 뿌리λ₯Ό 가지고 μžˆλ‹€κ³  λ§ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:01
now, quite often these words – these Latin-origin words – they're quite formal.
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자, κ½€ 자주 이 단어듀, 이 λΌν‹΄μ–΄μ—μ„œ 유래된 단어듀은 κ½€ 격식을 μ°¨λ¦½λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:05
They're more formal than the, kind of, phrasal-verb counterparts.
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그것듀은 μΌμ’…μ˜ ꡬ동사 λŒ€μ‘λ¬Όλ³΄λ‹€ 더 ν˜•μ‹μ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:10
Phrasal verbs are much more natural in speech
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κ΅¬λ™μ‚¬λŠ” κ΅¬μ–΄λ‚˜
04:13
or in, kind of, informal English – natural, everyday English.
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μΌμ’…μ˜ 비격식 μ˜μ–΄, 즉 μžμ—°μŠ€λŸ½κ³  일상적인 μ˜μ–΄μ—μ„œ 훨씬 더 μžμ—°μŠ€λŸ½μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:16
So, if you, kind of, want to sound more natural when you're talking,
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λ”°λΌμ„œ 말할 λ•Œ μ’€ 더 μžμ—°μŠ€λŸ½κ²Œ 듀리고 μ‹Άλ‹€λ©΄
04:19
use a phrasal verb: use 'water down'.
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ꡬ동사λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ„Έμš”. 'μ›Œν„° λ‹€μš΄'을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ„Έμš”.
04:21
But, obviously if you want to be formal –
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ λΆ„λͺ…νžˆ 곡식화λ₯Ό 원할 경우(
04:23
maybe you're writing a scientific report –
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μ•„λ§ˆλ„ κ³Όν•™ λ³΄κ³ μ„œλ₯Ό μž‘μ„±ν•˜λŠ” 경우)
04:26
you would use the word 'dilute' and that word 'dilute'
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'ν¬μ„ν•˜λ‹€'λΌλŠ” 단어λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 있으며 'ν¬μ„ν•˜λ‹€'λΌλŠ” λ‹¨μ–΄λŠ” λΉ„μœ μ μœΌλ‘œλ‚˜ 문자 κ·ΈλŒ€λ‘œ
04:28
has the same meaning, both figuratively and literally.
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같은 의미λ₯Ό κ°–μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
04:31
You can 'dilute' something with water
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물둜 무언가λ₯Ό '희석'ν•˜κ±°λ‚˜ λ¬Έμ„œμ˜
04:34
or you can 'dilute' the impact of a document.
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영ν–₯을 '희석'ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
04:37
Absolutely. OK. Let's get a summary:
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μ „μ μœΌλ‘œ. μ’‹μ•„μš”. μš”μ•½ν•˜μžλ©΄ 컀피λ₯Ό 주제둜 ν•œ
04:48
If you would like to watch another programme with the topic of coffee,
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λ‹€λ₯Έ ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨μ„ μ‹œμ²­ν•˜κ³  μ‹Άλ‹€λ©΄
04:52
we have the perfect one for you.
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μ™„λ²½ν•œ ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨μ΄ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:54
Coffee smells great, doesn't it, Roy?
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컀피 ν–₯이 쒋지, 그렇지, 둜이?
04:56
But, it never quite tastes as good as it smells. Why is that?
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ λƒ„μƒˆλ§ŒνΌ 쒋은 맛은 μ ˆλŒ€ μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€ . μ™œ 그런 κ²λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
05:01
Well, I'm not so sure, but this 6 Minute English
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κΈ€μŽ„μš”, 잘 λͺ¨λ₯΄κ² μ§€λ§Œ 이 6λΆ„ μ˜μ–΄κ°€
05:03
has the answers for you, so grab a biscuit,
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ„ μœ„ν•œ 닡을 가지고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‹ˆ λΉ„μŠ€ν‚·μ„ λ“€κ³ 
05:06
dunk it in your coffee like Rob would
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Rob처럼 컀피에 덩크λ₯Ό λ„£κ³  μ•„λž˜ μ„€λͺ…
05:08
and click the link in the description below to watch it.
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에 μžˆλŠ” 링크λ₯Ό ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ—¬ μ‹œμ²­ν•˜μ„Έμš”.
05:11
Absolutely. OK. Let's have a look at your next headline.
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μ „μ μœΌλ‘œ. μ’‹μ•„μš”. λ‹€μŒ ν—€λ“œλΌμΈμ„ μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:15
OK. So, our next headline comes from Down To Earth and it reads:
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μ’‹μ•„μš”. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 우리의 λ‹€μŒ ν—€λ“œλΌμΈμ€ Down To Earthμ—μ„œ λ‚˜μ˜€λ©° λ‹€μŒκ³Ό κ°™μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:25
'Spanner in the works' – something that stops a plan from succeeding.
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'μž‘μ—… 쀑인 μŠ€νŒ¨λ„ˆ' – κ³„νšμ˜ 성곡을 λ§‰λŠ” 것.
05:32
So, Roy, I know what a 'spanner' is:
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ Roy, λ‚˜λŠ” 'μŠ€νŒ¨λ„ˆ'κ°€ 무엇인지 μ••λ‹ˆλ‹€:
05:35
this – this is a spanner!
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이것은 – 이것은 μŠ€νŒ¨λ„ˆμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€! 이 κΈ°ν›„ λ³€ν™” νšŒμ˜μ™€ κ΄€λ ¨ν•˜μ—¬
05:38
What are we doing, talking about 'spanners'
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'μŠ€νŒ¨λ„ˆ'에 λŒ€ν•΄ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν•˜λ©΄μ„œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 무엇을 ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ
05:41
in reference to this climate change conference?
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?
05:44
OK. Yeah, well, that is... that is a 'spanner'. There you go – perfect.
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μ’‹μ•„μš”. 그래, 그게... 그건 'μŠ€νŒ¨λ„ˆ'μ•Ό. 자, μ™„λ²½ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:48
So, what we use a 'spanner' for – it's an essential tool
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λ”°λΌμ„œ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 'μŠ€νŒ¨λ„ˆ'λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” μ΄μœ λŠ”
05:53
for engine maintenance or working on machines.
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엔진 μœ μ§€ 보수 λ˜λŠ” 기계 μž‘μ—…μ— ν•„μˆ˜μ μΈ λ„κ΅¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:55
So, for example, you can use it, I believe,
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예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄
05:57
to tighten or loosen nuts and bolts.
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λ„ˆνŠΈμ™€ 볼트λ₯Ό μ‘°μ΄κ±°λ‚˜ ν‘ΈλŠ” 데 μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:00
Now, what happens, Neil, if you... you hold that spanner
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자, 닐, λ§Œμ•½ 당신이... κ·Έ μŠ€νŒ¨λ„ˆλ₯Ό 작고 μžˆλ‹€
06:04
and suddenly you drop the spanner into the engine? What happens?
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κ°€ κ°‘μžκΈ° μŠ€νŒ¨λ„ˆλ₯Ό 엔진에 λ–¨μ–΄λœ¨λ¦¬λ©΄ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ λ κΉŒμš”? 무슨 일이야?
06:08
Oooh, that's going to be bad, isn't it, Roy?
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우, μ•ˆ 쒋을 κ±°μ—μš” , 둜이?
06:10
Because the engine is a very smooth-running machine
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엔진은 맀우 μ›ν™œν•˜κ²Œ μž‘λ™ν•˜λŠ” 기계이기 λ•Œλ¬Έμ—
06:14
and if you throw this into it –
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06:17
this hard piece of metal – it's going to make everything stop,
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이 λ‹¨λ‹¨ν•œ κΈˆμ† 쑰각을 엔진에 λ˜μ§€λ©΄ λͺ¨λ“  것이 λ©ˆμΆ”
06:21
or not work properly.
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κ±°λ‚˜ μ œλŒ€λ‘œ μž‘λ™ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ„ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:24
So, yeah, basically that's the idea of the 'spanner in the works'.
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예, 기본적으둜 이것이 'μž‘μ—… 쀑인 μŠ€νŒ¨λ„ˆ'의 μ•„μ΄λ””μ–΄μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:27
Now, we're not talking about the literal meaning.
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μ§€κΈˆ, μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 문자 κ·ΈλŒ€λ‘œμ˜ μ˜λ―Έμ— λŒ€ν•΄ λ§ν•˜λŠ” 것이 μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:30
Again, we've gone to a figurative meaning,
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λ‹€μ‹œ λ§ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ, μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λΉ„μœ μ μΈ 의미둜 κ°”μ§€λ§Œ
06:33
but the idea of a 'spanner in the works'
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'μž‘λ™ 쀑인 μŠ€νŒ¨λ„ˆ'λΌλŠ” κ°œλ…μ€
06:35
is that same idea of stopping the engine working.
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엔진 μž‘λ™μ„ λ©ˆμΆ”λŠ” 것과 λ™μΌν•œ κ°œλ…μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:38
So, it's something that is stopping a project,
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λ”°λΌμ„œ ν”„λ‘œμ νŠΈ
06:42
or for example the impact of a document, from working.
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λ˜λŠ” 예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄ λ¬Έμ„œμ˜ 영ν–₯이 μž‘λ™ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:46
So, a 'spanner in the works' is a problem that stops a situation
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λ”°λΌμ„œ 'μž‘μ—… 쀑인 μŠ€νŒ¨λ„ˆ'λŠ”
06:50
from fulfilling itself, if you like.
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μ›ν•˜λŠ” 경우 상황이 자체적으둜 μΆ©μ‘±λ˜μ§€ μ•Šλ„λ‘ ν•˜λŠ” λ¬Έμ œμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:51
Yeah. Now, you've got an example of a 'spanner in the works', haven't you?
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응. 자, 당신은 'μž‘λ™ 쀑인 μŠ€νŒ¨λ„ˆ'의 예λ₯Ό 가지고 μžˆμ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
06:56
Yes, I have and it's a very sad one to be honest, Neil.
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예, μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ†”μ§νžˆ λ§ν•΄μ„œ 맀우 μŠ¬ν”ˆ μΌμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€ , Neil.
07:01
My wife and my son – we all lived together in Brazil and at...
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제 아내와 μ•„λ“€ – μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λͺ¨λ‘ λΈŒλΌμ§ˆμ—μ„œ ν•¨κ»˜ μ‚΄μ•˜κ³ 
07:06
about two years ago, we decided to move to the UK together.
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μ•½ 2λ…„ 전에 ν•¨κ»˜ 영ꡭ으둜 μ΄μ‚¬ν•˜κΈ°λ‘œ κ²°μ •ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:10
And my wife was getting her visa and everything was organised.
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그리고 제 μ•„λ‚΄λŠ” λΉ„μžλ₯Ό λ°›κ³  μžˆμ—ˆκ³  λͺ¨λ“  것이 μ •λ¦¬λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:14
She went back to Brazil to finalise processes and then tragically Covid hit,
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ” 절차λ₯Ό λ§ˆλ¬΄λ¦¬ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ 브라질둜 λŒμ•„κ°”κ³  λΉ„κ·Ήμ μœΌλ‘œ μ½”λ‘œλ‚˜19κ°€ λ‹₯μ³€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:21
which has been tragic for a lot of families around the world,
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μ „ μ„Έκ³„μ˜ λ§Žμ€ κ°€μ‘±
07:23
and my wife and child – they couldn't get here.
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κ³Ό 제 아내와 μžλ…€μ—κ²Œ 비극적인 μΌμ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 그듀은 여기에 올 수 μ—†μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:25
So, it really threw a 'spanner in the works' in our plan.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 우리 κ³„νšμ—μ„œ 'μž‘μ—… 쀑인 μŠ€νŒ¨λ„ˆ'λ₯Ό μ‹€μ œλ‘œ λ˜μ‘ŒμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:29
It did. It threw a 'spanner in the works'
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κ·Έκ²Œν–ˆλ‹€. 그것은 'μž‘λ™ 쀑인 μŠ€νŒ¨λ„ˆ'λ₯Ό 던쑌고
07:31
and Covid has been throwing a 'spanner in the works' for...
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CovidλŠ” 'μž‘λ™ 쀑인 μŠ€νŒ¨λ„ˆ'λ₯Ό...
07:34
for everyone really, hasn't it?
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λͺ¨λ‘λ₯Ό μœ„ν•΄ 정말, 그렇지 μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
07:36
Yeah. And I mean in our case, it was a smooth plan that we had,
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응. 제 말은 우리의 경우 순쑰둜운 κ³„νšμ΄μ—ˆμ§€λ§Œ μ˜ˆμƒ
07:40
but as it says something came along and it was unexpected,
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ν•˜μ§€ λͺ»ν•œ 일이 μƒκ²¨μ„œ 거기에 '
07:44
and it threw a 'spanner in the works' there,
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μŠ€νŒ¨λ„ˆ'λ₯Ό λ˜μ‘Œμ§€
07:46
but obviously, to be positive, our love has got us through this
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만 λΆ„λͺ…νžˆ 긍정적이기 μœ„ν•΄ 우리의 μ‚¬λž‘μ€ 우리λ₯Ό μ΄κ²¨λƒˆ
07:51
and I'll be seeing her very soon.
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κ³  곧 κ·Έλ…€λ₯Ό 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:53
Brilliant. Yes. So, we have...
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멋진. 예. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ”...
07:56
there are a couple of words that go with 'spanner in the works', aren't there?
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'μž‘μ—… 쀑인 μŠ€νŒ¨λ„ˆ'에 ν•΄λ‹Ήν•˜λŠ” 단어가 λͺ‡ 개 μžˆμ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
07:59
There's 'throw'.
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'λ˜μ§€κΈ°'κ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:01
Yes. And we also use the word 'put':
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예. 그리고 μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λ˜ν•œ 'put'μ΄λΌλŠ” 단어λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
08:04
so, you can 'put a spanner in the works'
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08:06
and you can 'throw a spanner in the works'.
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.
08:09
OK. Well, let's get a summary:
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μ’‹μ•„μš”. 음, μš”μ•½ν•˜μžλ©΄:
08:19
Well, talking of 'spanners', which are used of course for fixing things,
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음, λ¬Όλ‘  물건을 κ³ μΉ˜λŠ” 데 μ‚¬μš©λ˜λŠ” 'μŠ€νŒ¨λ„ˆ'에 λŒ€ν•΄ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν•˜λ©΄
08:22
generally, if you don't throw them into machinery,
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일반적으둜 기계에 넣지 μ•ŠμœΌλ©΄
08:25
we have a programme about fixing things, don't we, Roy?
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물건을 κ³ μΉ˜λŠ” ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨μ΄ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έλ ‡μ£ , 둜이 ?
08:29
Yes, we do and all you need to watch it,
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예, 저희가 ν•˜κ³  있으며 μ‹œμ²­ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ ν•„μš”ν•œ 것은 μ•„λž˜ μ„€λͺ…에 μžˆλŠ”
08:32
is click the link in the description below.
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링크λ₯Ό ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
08:34
Let's have a look at your next headline.
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λ‹€μŒ ν—€λ“œλΌμΈμ„ μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:36
OK. So, our next headline comes from here
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μ’‹μ•„μš”. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 우리의 λ‹€μŒ ν—€λ“œλΌμΈμ€ μ—¬κΈ°
08:39
at home, at the BBC, and it reads:
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BBCμ—μ„œ λ‚˜μ˜¨ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
08:49
'Lobbying' – trying to persuade someone in authority to do something.
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'λ‘œλΉ„' – κΆŒμœ„ μžˆλŠ” λˆ„κ΅°κ°€μ—κ²Œ 무언가λ₯Ό ν•˜λ„λ‘ μ„€λ“ν•˜λ €κ³  ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:55
Yes. So, this word is spelt L-O-B-B-Y-I-N-G
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예. λ”°λΌμ„œ 이 λ‹¨μ–΄μ˜ μ² μžλŠ” L-O-B-B-Y-I-N-G
09:01
and it means to try and persuade somebody
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이며 μ΄λŠ” λˆ„κ΅°κ°€μ—κ²Œ
09:03
to change something or to do something,
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무언가λ₯Ό λ°”κΎΈ κ±°λ‚˜ 무언가λ₯Ό ν•˜λ„λ‘ μ‹œλ„ν•˜κ³  μ„€λ“ν•˜λŠ” 것을 μ˜λ―Έν•˜λ©°
09:05
and it's commonly used to talk about governmental figures or politicians.
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일반적으둜 μ •λΆ€ μΈλ¬Όμ΄λ‚˜ μ •μΉ˜μΈμ— λŒ€ν•΄ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν•˜λŠ” 데 μ‚¬μš©λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:10
OK. That's interesting. You said it's about changing people's opinions,
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μ’‹μ•„μš”. κ·Έ ν₯λ―Έ λ‘­κ΅°μš”. μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ˜ μ˜κ²¬μ„ λ°”κΎΈκ±°λ‚˜
09:16
or persuading people, but at the beginning of this word
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ„ μ„€λ“ν•˜λŠ” 것이라고 ν•˜μ…¨μ§€λ§Œ 이 λ‹¨μ–΄μ˜ μ‹œμž‘ 뢀뢄에
09:19
we see another word: 'lobby'.
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'λ‘œλΉ„'λΌλŠ” λ‹€λ₯Έ 단어가 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:22
Now, a 'lobby' is a room or a space between other rooms,
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이제 'λ‘œλΉ„'λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ μ„œλ‘œ μ§€λ‚˜κ°ˆ 수 μžˆλŠ” λ°© λ˜λŠ” λ°© μ‚¬μ΄μ˜ κ³΅κ°„μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
09:27
where people might pass each other.
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.
09:30
What is the connection between a 'lobby' and changing people's opinion?
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'λ‘œλΉ„'와 λ³€ν™”ν•˜λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ˜ 의견 μ‚¬μ΄μ˜ 연결은 λ¬΄μ—‡μž…λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
09:34
Well, that's a really great question.
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정말 쒋은 μ§ˆλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:36
Now, in most parliaments around the world, they have these huge entrances...
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이제 μ „ 세계 λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ˜ μ˜νšŒμ—λŠ” κ±°λŒ€ν•œ μž…κ΅¬κ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€...
09:40
these huge rooms that we know as 'lobbies',
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 'λ‘œλΉ„'라고 λΆ€λ₯΄λŠ” 이 κ±°λŒ€ν•œ 방은
09:43
and politicians would pass through there
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μ •μΉ˜μΈλ“€μ΄ 그곳을 톡과할 것이고
09:46
and people would try and grab them – not necessarily physically
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ 그것을 작으렀고 ν•  κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:49
but try and get their attention – to try and persuade them to do things,
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주의 –
09:53
in this 'lobby'. So, that's where the origin of this word probably comes from.
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이 'λ‘œλΉ„'μ—μ„œ 그듀이 무언가λ₯Ό ν•˜λ„λ‘ μ„€λ“ν•˜κ³  μ‹œλ„ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ, μ•„λ§ˆλ„ 이 λ‹¨μ–΄μ˜ 기원은 μ—¬κΈ°μ„œ λ‚˜μ˜¨ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:57
Yeah, that's right and a person who does this –
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예, λ§žμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 그리고 이런 일을 ν•˜λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒμ„ –
10:00
it's actually a job – is called a 'lobbyist'.
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μ‹€μ œλ‘œλŠ” μ§μ—…μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€ – 'λ‘œλΉ„μŠ€νŠΈ'라고 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:04
Absolutely. And also a group of people that are trying to achieve this
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μ „μ μœΌλ‘œ. λ˜ν•œ 이것을 λ‹¬μ„±ν•˜κ±°λ‚˜ 이λ₯Ό μˆ˜ν–‰ν•˜λ €λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ˜ 그룹을
10:08
or do this are known as 'a lobby' as well, so...
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'λ‘œλΉ„'라고도 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ... μ—¬κΈ°μ„œ 이야기해야 ν• 
10:13
and one thing that's really important to talk about here
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정말 μ€‘μš”ν•œ ν•œ κ°€μ§€λŠ”
10:16
is the propositions that we use after it:
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ κ·Έ 뒀에 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” λͺ…μ œμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 당신이 μ–΄λ–€ 아이디어에 μ°¬μ„±ν•  λ•Œ
10:18
you can 'lobby for' something, when you're pro an idea,
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무언가λ₯Ό 'μœ„ν•΄ λ‘œλΉ„'
10:22
or you can 'lobby against' something, when your anti.
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ν•˜κ³  λ°˜λŒ€ν•  λ•Œ 무언가λ₯Ό 'λ°˜λŒ€'ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
10:25
And also, we use it commonly with the infinitive:
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λ˜ν•œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 일반적으둜 뢀정사와 ν•¨κ»˜ μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:28
so, you can 'lobby to change' something or 'lobby to do' something,
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 'lobby to change' λ˜λŠ” 'lobby to do' something
10:32
or you can 'lobby the government to do' something or to change something.
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λ˜λŠ” 'lobby the μ •λΆ€ to do' or to change something.
10:36
Absolutely right. OK. Let's get a summary:
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ν™•μ‹€νžˆ λ§žμ•„. μ’‹μ•„μš”. μš”μ•½ν•˜μžλ©΄: Roy,
10:47
Time now for a recap of the vocabulary please, Roy.
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이제 μ–΄νœ˜λ₯Ό μš”μ•½ν•  μ‹œκ°„μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
10:50
Yes. We had 'water down' – make something less effective; weaken.
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예. μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 'μ›Œν„°λ‹€μš΄(water down)'을 ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 덜 효과적인 것을 λ§Œλ“€μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 꺾이닀. κ³„νšμ˜ 성곡을 λ§‰λŠ”
10:56
We had 'spanner in the works' –
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'μž‘μ—… 쀑인 μŠ€νŒ¨λ„ˆ'κ°€ μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
10:59
something that stops a plan from succeeding.
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.
11:02
And we had 'lobbying' – trying to persuade someone
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그리고 μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 'λ‘œλΉ„ ν™œλ™'을 ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. κΆŒμœ„ μžˆλŠ” μ‚¬λžŒμ΄
11:06
in authority to do something.
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무언가λ₯Ό ν•˜λ„λ‘ μ„€λ“ν•˜λ €κ³  ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:08
If you want to test yourself, there's a quiz on our website
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μžμ‹ μ„ ν…ŒμŠ€νŠΈν•˜κ³  μ‹Άλ‹€λ©΄ 저희 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ bbclearningenglish.com에 ν€΄μ¦ˆκ°€ 있고
11:11
bbclearningenglish.com and we're all over social media.
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μ €ν¬λŠ” λͺ¨λ“  μ†Œμ…œ 미디어에 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:14
Join us again next time. Goodbye.
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λ‹€μŒμ— μš°λ¦¬μ™€ ν•¨κ»˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€. μ•ˆλ…•νžˆ κ°€μ„Έμš”.
11:16
Β  Bye.
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μ•ˆλ…•.
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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