How to be Polite in English - | Top Tips for Language Learners!

45,923 views ・ 2021-09-27

BBC Learning English


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ²ˆμ—­λœ μžλ§‰μ€ 기계 λ²ˆμ—­λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

00:07
I don't know about you, but I don't like it when people are rude.
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λ‚˜λŠ” 당신에 λŒ€ν•΄ λͺ¨λ₯΄μ§€λ§Œ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ λ¬΄λ‘€ν•œ 것을 μ’‹μ•„ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:11
Politeness is generally very important,
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곡손함은 일반적으둜 맀우 μ€‘μš”ν•˜λ©°,
00:13
especially if you want people to help you with something.
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특히 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ 무언가λ₯Ό 도와주기λ₯Ό μ›ν•˜λŠ” κ²½μš°μ— κ·Έλ ‡μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:17
If you want someone to do something for you, there are different ways of
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λˆ„κ΅°κ°€κ°€ 당신을 μœ„ν•΄ 무언가λ₯Ό ν•΄μ£ΌκΈ°λ₯Ό λ°”λž€λ‹€λ©΄ , 당신이 μ›ν•˜λŠ” μ˜ˆμ˜μ—
00:20
expressing it in English, depending on how polite you want to be.
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따라 그것을 μ˜μ–΄λ‘œ ν‘œν˜„ν•˜λŠ” λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ 방법이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
00:27
If I say:
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00:28
"Open the window!"
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"μ°½λ¬Έ μ—΄μ–΄!"
00:30
Β  it's quite direct, isn't it?
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κ½€ 직접적이죠?
00:32
It's the imperative form, which is more or less an order.
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그것은 λͺ…λ Ήν˜•μœΌλ‘œ, 거의 λͺ…λ Ήμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:36
"Open the window, please!"
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"창문을 μ—΄μ–΄μ£Όμ„Έμš”!"
00:38
Adding the word 'please' does make it more polite,
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'Please'λΌλŠ” 단어λ₯Ό μΆ”κ°€ν•˜λ©΄ 더 예의 λ°”λ₯΄κ²Œ λ“€λ¦¬μ§€λ§Œ
00:40
but it's still quite direct.
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μ—¬μ „νžˆ μ§μ„€μ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:42
Β  "Can you open the window, please?"
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"μ°½λ¬Έ μ’€ μ—΄μ–΄μ£Όμ‹œκ² μ–΄μš”?"
00:45
Now we are getting more polite, but why is this more polite?
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이제 μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 점점 더 예의λ₯Ό κ°–μΆ”κ²Œ λ˜μ—ˆλŠ”λ° μ™œ 이것이 더 예의λ₯Ό κ°–μΆ”κ²Œ λ˜μ—ˆλŠ”κ°€?
00:50
Well, one reason is because this is now a question.
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음, ν•œ 가지 μ΄μœ λŠ” 이것이 이제 질문이기 λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:54
So it's more of a request than an order.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ λͺ…령이라기보닀 μš”μ²­μ— κ°€κΉμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:57
And because it's a question, it's easier to say no.
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질문이기 λ•Œλ¬Έμ— κ±°μ ˆν•˜κΈ°κ°€ 더 μ‰½μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:03
Let's now use could instead of can.
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이제 can λŒ€μ‹  can을 μ‚¬μš©ν•©μ‹œλ‹€.
01:06
"Could you open the window, please?"
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"μ°½λ¬Έ μ’€ μ—΄μ–΄ μ£Όμ‹œκ² μ–΄μš”?"
01:09
Could is more polite than can
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couldλŠ” can보닀 더 μ •μ€‘ν•˜λ©°
01:11
and this is where it begins to get interesting.
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μ—¬κΈ°μ—μ„œ ν₯λ―Έλ‘œμ›Œμ§€κΈ° μ‹œμž‘ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:15
Why is:
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μ™œ:
01:16
'Could you open the window, please?'
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'μ°½λ¬Έ μ’€ μ—΄μ–΄μ£Όμ‹œκ² μ–΄μš”?'
01:18
more polite than:
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01:19
'Can you open the window, please?'
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'μ°½λ¬Έ μ’€ μ—΄μ–΄μ£Όμ‹œκ² μ–΄μš”?'보닀 더 μ •μ€‘ν•˜κ²Œ
01:21
Well, it's all to do with the relationship
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음, 그것은 λͺ¨λ‘ ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” 것과 ν• 
01:24
between can and could and the idea of distance, of remoteness.
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수 μžˆλŠ” 것 μ‚¬μ΄μ˜ 관계와 거리, 멀리 λ–¨μ–΄μ Έ μžˆλ‹€λŠ” 생각과 관련이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:30
'Could' can be described as the remote form of 'can'.
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'ν•  수 μžˆλ‹€'λŠ” 'ν•  수 μžˆλ‹€'의 원격 ν˜•μ‹μœΌλ‘œ μ„€λͺ…ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:34
Sometimes that distance is time.
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λ•Œλ•Œλ‘œ κ·Έ κ±°λ¦¬λŠ” μ‹œκ°„μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:37
"I can swim."
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"λ‚˜ μˆ˜μ˜ν•  수 μžˆμ–΄."
01:38
That's an ability I have now.
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그게 μ§€κΈˆ λ‚΄κ°€ 가진 λŠ₯λ ₯이닀.
01:41
"I could swim when I was four."
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"λ„€ μ‚΄ λ•Œ μˆ˜μ˜μ„ ν•  수 μžˆμ—ˆμ–΄μš”."
01:43
That's an ability I had at a time in the past.
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μ˜ˆμ „μ— μ œκ°€ κ°€μ‘Œλ˜ λŠ₯λ ₯μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:48
Sometimes that distance is between what is real and what is imagined.
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λ•Œλ‘œλŠ” κ·Έ 거리가 μ‹€μ œμ™€ 상상 사이에 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:54
"I can't do that in my head."
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"λ‚΄ λ¨Έλ¦¬λ‘œλŠ” ν•  수 μ—†μ–΄."
01:56
Β  This is something that is not possible for me to do now.
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이것은 μ§€κΈˆ λ‚΄κ°€ ν•  수 μ—†λŠ” μΌμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:00
"I couldn't do that even if I had a calculator."
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"계산기가 μžˆμ–΄λ„ ν•  수 μ—†μ—ˆμ–΄μš” ."
02:04
This is something that's not possible for me to do,
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이것은
02:06
even in an imagined situation where I have a calculator.
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λ‚΄κ°€ 계산기λ₯Ό 가지고 μžˆλŠ” μƒμƒμ˜ μƒν™©μ—μ„œλ„ ν•  수 μ—†λŠ” 일이닀.
02:11
And sometimes distance is in relationship.
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그리고 λ•Œλ‘œλŠ” 거리가 관계에 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:15
"Can you open the window, please?"
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"μ°½λ¬Έ μ’€ μ—΄μ–΄μ£Όμ‹œκ² μ–΄μš”?"
02:17
Β  "Could you open the window, please?"
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"μ°½λ¬Έ μ’€ μ—΄μ–΄μ£Όμ‹œκ² μ–΄μš”?"
02:19
Could puts more social distance between speaker and listener.
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λ§ν•˜λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒκ³Ό λ“£λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒ 사이에 더 λ§Žμ€ μ‚¬νšŒμ  거리λ₯Ό λ‘˜ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. λˆ„κ΅°κ°€κ°€ κ±°μ ˆν•˜λŠ” 것이
02:24
That makes it more polite as it's less uncomfortable for someone to say no.
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덜 λΆˆνŽΈν•˜κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ— 더 예의 λ°”λ₯΄κ²Œ λ§Œλ“­λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
02:30
Now, we're not talking about actual distance here.
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이제 μ—¬κΈ°μ„œ μ‹€μ œ 거리에 λŒ€ν•΄ λ§ν•˜λŠ” 것이 μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:34
We're not saying you have to be physically further away to be polite,
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예의λ₯Ό κ°–μΆ”κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ 물리적으둜 더 멀리 λ–¨μ–΄μ Έ μžˆμ–΄μ•Ό ν•œλ‹€λŠ” λœ»μ€ μ•„λ‹ˆμ§€λ§Œ
02:38
but it is a good way to visualise it. The further the speaker is away,
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이λ₯Ό μ‹œκ°ν™”ν•˜λŠ” 쒋은 λ°©λ²•μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ§ν•˜λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒμ΄ 멀리 λ–¨μ–΄μ Έ μžˆμ„μˆ˜λ‘
02:43
the easier it is to say no and 'could' puts you further away.
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더 μ‰½κ²Œ 'μ•„λ‹ˆμ˜€'라고 λ§ν•˜κ³  당신을 더 λ©€μ–΄μ§€κ²Œ ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:50
Open the window!
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창을 μ—½λ‹ˆ λ‹€!
02:52
Β  Open the window, please!
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창문을 μ—΄μ–΄μ£Όμ„Έμš”!
02:54
Can you open the window, please?
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μ°½λ¬Έ μ’€ μ—΄μ–΄μ£Όμ‹œκ² μ–΄μš”?
02:57
Could you open the window, please?
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μ°½λ¬Έ μ’€ μ—΄μ–΄ μ£Όμ‹œκ² μ–΄μš”?
02:59
And in English, we can make that distance even further too
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그리고 μ˜μ–΄μ—μ„œλŠ”
03:04
using past forms and modal structures.
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κ³Όκ±° ν˜•μ‹ κ³Ό λͺ¨λ‹¬ ꡬ쑰λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ κ·Έ 거리λ₯Ό 훨씬 더 멀리 λ§Œλ“€ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:08
I was wondering if you wouldn't mind opening the window
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03:10
if it's not too much trouble.
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큰 λ¬Έμ œκ°€ μ•„λ‹ˆλΌλ©΄ 창문을 μ—΄μ–΄μ£Όμ‹€ 수 μžˆλŠ”μ§€ κΆκΈˆν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. 창을 μ—¬λŠ” 것과 같은
03:13
For a simple request like opening a window,
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κ°„λ‹¨ν•œ μš”μ²­μ˜ κ²½μš°μ—λŠ”
03:15
that one is probably a bit over the top.
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μ•„λ§ˆλ„ μ•½κ°„ μ§€λ‚˜μΉœ μš”μ²­μΌ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:23
One very important thing to remember, perhaps more important
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κΈ°μ–΅ν•΄μ•Ό ν•  맀우 μ€‘μš”ν•œ 것, μ•„λ§ˆλ„
03:26
than the words themselves, is the way they are spoken.
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단어 μžμ²΄λ³΄λ‹€ 더 μ€‘μš”ν•œ 것은 단어가 λ§ν•˜λŠ” λ°©μ‹μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:30
It's only polite if the tone of voice is polite.
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λͺ©μ†Œλ¦¬ 톀이 곡손해야 κ³΅μ†ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ‹€λ₯Έ λ°©μ‹μœΌλ‘œ κ°•μ‘°ν•˜λ©΄
03:34
You can make a polite form of words less polite
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κ³΅μ†ν•œ ν˜•νƒœμ˜ 단어λ₯Ό 덜 κ³΅μ†ν•˜κ²Œ λ§Œλ“€ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
03:37
if you stress it in a different way. For example:
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. 예:
03:41
"Can you open the window?"
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"창문을 μ—΄ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ?"
03:42
"Could you please open the window?"
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"μ°½λ¬Έ μ’€ μ—΄μ–΄ μ£Όμ‹œκ² μ–΄μš”?"
03:45
So sounding polite is a combination of words and the way you say them
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λ”°λΌμ„œ μ •μ€‘ν•˜κ²Œ λ“€λ¦¬λŠ” 것은 단어와 λ§ν•˜λŠ” λ°©μ‹μ˜ 쑰합이며
03:51
and when it comes to words,
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단어에 κ΄€ν•΄μ„œλŠ”
03:53
'could you' is more polite than 'can you'
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'can you'보닀 'could you'κ°€ 더 μ •μ€‘ν•˜λ©°
03:56
and longer phrases with past forms and modals are more polite still.
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κ³Όκ±° ν˜•μ‹ κ³Ό λͺ¨λ‹¬μ΄ ν¬ν•¨λœ κΈ΄ ꡬ가 μ—¬μ „νžˆ 더 μ •μ€‘ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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