The Mindset Shift Needed to Tackle Big Global Challenges | Bernhard Kowatsch | TED

譯者: Lilian Chiu 審譯者: Helen Chang

When you think about innovation and technology,

談到創新和科技，

you're most likely thinking about the latest app on your smartphone,

你很可能會聯想到你的 智慧手機上最新的 APP，

or maybe you think about rockets going into space.

或者想到發射火箭進入太空。

But what about some of the world's biggest challenges,

但，世界上最重大的難題呢？比如，

like global hunger or climate change?

全球饑荒或氣候變遷？

They can seem overwhelming or, you know,

這些難題感覺讓人難以招架，或者，

maybe you just think there should be a nonprofit organization

也許你只覺得應該會 有個非營利組織會處理它。

that takes care of that.

But why is it that we think so traditionally

但我們為何會用如此傳統的方式 去思考對世界上最大的難題？

about some of the world's biggest challenges?

I believe innovation and technology

我相信創新和科技

can help tackle some of the world's biggest challenges.

能夠協助處理一些 世界上最重大的難題。

The barrier is our own thinking.

障礙是我們自己的想法。

And there's something about this where big global challenges

事實上，重大的全球難題

are no different than big global business challenges.

和重大的全球商業難題沒有不同。

So let's change that.

咱們來做些改變。

Let's talk about one of those topics, global hunger.

咱們來談談其中一個 主題，全球饑荒。

Hunger may seem like a remote problem for you,

你可能會覺得饑荒是遙遠的問題，

but the effects of it are pretty drastic.

但它的影響相當巨大。

Hunger means you do not have enough calories on a daily basis

饑荒的意思是

你每天的卡路里不足， 無法讓你過健康的生活。

to live a healthy life.

And there is up to 811 million people on the planet who are hungry.

而世界上有八億一千一百萬人

處在飢餓狀態。

So what can we do about it?

我們能怎麼做？

I think innovation and technology is the answer.

我認為，答案是創新和科技。

A couple of years ago,

幾年前，

a friend and I realized that United Nations World Food Programme

我跟一位朋友發現，世界糧食計劃署

can feed a child for a full day for only 80 cents.

只要八十分錢就能供給 一個孩子一整天的食物。

We were shocked.

我們好震驚。

We thought, if more people knew about this,

我們心想，如果更多人知道這件事，

if we made it easy,

如果我們把它變容易， 想像你和你的朋友共進晚餐，

imagine you were having dinner with your friends

and you're enjoying yourselves,

你很開心，你難道不會想把 你的食物分享給窮困中的孩子？

wouldn't you want to share your meal with a child in need?

And that's exactly why we founded an app called Share the Meal.

那正是為什麼我們要創建 「分享餐點」這個 APP。

It's so simple.

它很簡單。

With one tap on your smartphone,

在你的智慧手機上點一下，就能 把你的餐點分享給窮困的孩子，

you can share your meal with a child in need for only 80 cents.

只要八十分錢。

And I'm excited to tell you it's working.

我很興奮能告訴各位，它辦到了。

Over 130 million meals have been shared so far

目前全球已經有 六百萬名 APP 使用者

by six million app users across the globe.

分享了超過一億三千萬份餐點。

And Share the Meal was even an app of the year in 2020

「分享餐點」甚至是 2020 的年度 APP，

by both Apple and Google.

蘋果和 Google 版都是。

(Applause)

（掌聲）

When we started Share the Meal,

「分享餐點」剛開始時， 我們得非常努力推動來實現它。

we had to push really hard to make it a reality.

There just weren't so many support mechanisms out there

支持社會創業家的 支援機制就是不多，

to support social entrepreneurs,

when you compare it, for instance,

比如，比較一下提供給營利企業的 加速器有多少，就知道懸殊。

with the number of start-up accelerators for for-profit ventures.

Coming from that inspiration,

因為那靈感，

I got the opportunity to start the World Food Programme’s

我有機會建立了世界糧食 計劃署的創新加速器，

Innovation Accelerator,

exactly with the goal of replicating what Silicon Valley does well,

目標是

要複製矽谷的專長，

but for global social impact.

但產生的是全球社會影響。

It's a start-up accelerator that supports start-ups

它是個新創的加速器，旨在支援

全球的新創公司和非營利創新，

and nonprofit innovations globally

and helps them scale to disrupt global hunger.

並協助他們擴大規模 來阻止全球饑荒。

So let's look at two of those examples.

咱們來看兩個例子。

The first one is about blockchain.

第一個和區塊鏈有關。

Now, when you think about blockchain,

談到區塊鏈，

you may think about Bitcoin or cryptocurrencies,

你可能會聯想到比特幣或加密貨幣，

but that's not how we think of it.

但我們想的不是這個。

We use blockchain technology so that refugees can go into stores

我們用區塊鏈科技

讓難民能去店家購買食物。

and purchase food.

It's an innovation called Building Blocks.

這項創新叫做「積木」。

And why blockchain?

為何要用區塊鏈？

Blockchain helps because it's not my blockchain

區塊鏈能幫忙，

因為它不是我的區塊鏈 或你的區塊鏈，

or your blockchain,

it's the neutral blockchain network.

它是中立的區塊鍵網路。

And that way it makes collaboration among aid organizations much easier.

它能讓援助組織 之間的合作更容易許多。

And how does it work?

它怎麼運作？

Every month,

每個月，援助組織會把錢轉入

aid organizations transfer money to individual blockchain accounts,

個人的區塊鍵帳戶，

and then that individual can go into a store,

那個人就可以去商店，

shop for the groceries

購買雜貨，在結帳時，

and at the checkout they pay with the iris scan

他們用虹膜掃瞄來付款，

or with another authentication method.

或用其他身分驗證方式。

That innovation had first been submitted to us

最先向我們提出這項創新的

by a World Food Programme finance officer

是世界糧食計劃署的財務管理師，

who participated in our innovation boot camp.

他參與了我們的創新訓練營。

He then developed a prototype and tested it

接著，他開發了一個原型， 開始兩週後就進入測試，

only two months after starting,

in Pakistan with about 100 people,

在巴基斯坦邀請一百人做測試。

and the next pilot was already with 10,000 refugees in Jordan.

接下來的先導版則在約旦 配合一萬名難民來測試。

And that was so successful,

結果大成功，

that that solution scaled to over 100,000 people

這個解決方案的規模 擴大到超過十萬人，

within seven months.

只花了七個月。

And right now, Building Blocks is reaching about one million people,

現在

「積木」即將觸及一百萬人。

transferring over 300 million dollars of cash

將超過三億美金的現金轉給

to people in urgent need of food.

急需食物的人。

(Applause)

（掌聲）

And here's another example.

還有一個例子。

Did you know that corn flakes and a lot of other cereals

你可知道，

玉米片和許多其他穀麥片 都有加維生素和礦物質？

have added vitamins and minerals?

That's called food fortification,

那叫做食品強化，

when you add critical nutrients to staple foods we eat every day.

也就是把重要的營養物質 加入我們每天吃的主食中。

That's particularly important when people do not have access to a healthy diet

特別需要它的就是

無法取得或負擔不起健康飲食的人。

or maybe they cannot afford it.

This is where social business called Sanku comes in.

此時就要靠社會企業 Sanku 了。

Sanku has developed an internet-enabled machine

Sanku 開發出了一台 和網路連結的機器，

that fortifies maize flour at small mills in Africa.

協助非洲的小磨坊 提高玉米粉的營養價值。

Now they have a market-based model that helps provide fortified,

他們有一個以市場為基礎的模型，

協助將營養的玉米粉提供給

nutritious flour to their clients

他們的小磨坊客戶，不額外收費。

of the small mills at no additional cost.

Right now it's reaching up to three million people

目前已經觸及了近三百萬人，

and scaling further.

規模還在擴大中。

So, does it work?

那麼，它行得通嗎？

Can accelerated innovation and technology help us tackle

加速的創新和科技能協助我們 處理一些世界上的重大難題嗎？

some of the world's biggest challenges?

When we first started the World Food Programme Innovation Accelerator,

我們剛創造出世界糧食 計劃署的創新加速器時，

這個想法似乎很瘋狂：

it seemed like a crazy idea

that innovation and technology can help us make a meaningful impact

創新和科技能協助我們 對全球饑荒產生有意義的影響。

on global hunger.

But since starting in 2015,

但，自從 2015 年創立以來，

we've consistently doubled the number of people reached every year

透過我們所支持的創新 所能觸及的人數，

through the innovations that we've supported.

每年都能不斷翻倍。

In 2021, we've positively impacted the lives of 8.6 million people already.

2021 年，我們已經對 八百六十萬人的生活

產生了正面的影響。

And now we even run accelerator programs for other global problems

現在我們甚至把加速器計畫 用在其他全球性的問題上，

like primary health care,

比如初級健康照護、

vaccine delivery or gender equality.

疫苗運送，或性別平等。

Imagine what the impact could be

想像一下如果你現在就能 採取行動，會帶來多少影響？

if you take action today as an individual,

不論是以個人、公司， 或甚至新創公司創辦人的身分。

as a company, or maybe as a start-up founder.

Innovation and technology can enable so much good in the world,

創新和科技能為世界 帶來這麼多美好，

and together we can solve the world's biggest challenges.

同心協力，我們就能解決 世界上最重大的難題。

Thank you.

謝謝。

(Applause)

（掌聲）