Why Are We Making Pizza Boxes Out of Endangered Trees? | Nicole Rycroft | TED

翻译人员: Yang LS 校对人员: suya f.

Perhaps it's surprising that as a professional tree hugger,

或许你会非常惊讶作为 一个专业的环境保护狂，

I'm going to be speaking to you about supply chains.

我将要告诉你关于供应链的详情。

They don’t sound very sexy, but when it comes to stabilizing

它们听起来不是那么诱人的课题， 但当说到稳定气候，

our climate, supply chains are the hottest topic on the planet.

供应链是世界上最热门的课题。

And that's because more than half of our society's carbon footprint can be

这是因为大部分社会的碳足迹可以说是

attributed to the impact of supply chains and specifically

源自于供应链的影响和

the raw materials that products are made from.

制作各种产品的原材料。

We have built our societies around take-make-waste production systems:

我们建的社群围绕着 收集-重造-丢弃的生产系统：

the fossil fuel industry, plastics, industrial forestry and paper.

化石燃料产业、塑料、 造林产业和纸张。

These are massive global supply chains that have shaped our world.

这是塑造了我们世界的巨大供应链。

They've left deep scars across landscapes,

它们给大地留下了深刻的伤疤，

legacies of pollution and push species and cultures to the brink of extinction.

污染物以及推动物种与 文化走向濒临绝种的道路。

Now, on the other hand, we have game changing solutions,

现在，从另一方面来说，

我们有一些可以改变 游戏规则的解决方案，

brilliant innovations that use 90 percent less water and 50 percent less energy.

那就是辉煌的新发明让用水 减少了90%和能量减少了50%。

But they’re stuck at small scale because they can’t secure

但它们被局限于小规模因为它们无法保障

the financing that they need to commercialize nor

它们所需要用以商业化的资金或是

the markets that underpin their success.

能保障它们成功的市场。

It's the classic chicken and egg situation.

这是典型的鸡与蛋情况。

And even with slow progress,

即使是缓慢的过程，

we're losing ground to the climate crisis and biodiversity loss.

我们也正失去土地、经历气候 危机和物种的流失。

This at a moment when we need all hands on deck for our planet.

此时此刻正是需要召集人手 来拯救我们的星球的时刻。

We must scale solutions and we must scale them quickly.

我们一定要刻画解决方案 并且快速地制定它们。

And this is not just about doing less bad. That time has passed.

这不只是为了少做些坏事。 时间已经过去了

We need the 2.0 industrial revolution,

我们需要2.0工业革命，

one that sets us on course to operate and live within

来让我们开始经营和生活在

the natural bounds of our planet.

我们星球的自然范围内。

And so overhauling these huge and powerful,

以及超越了这些巨大且强大的，

entrenched industrial systems, it can appear daunting.

根深蒂固的工业系统， 它可以以使人畏惧的存在出现。

But I've seen how change can be successful up close with

但是我曾在我20年的工作里 看见过成功的变化。

the work that I’ve been doing for the past 20 years. For my organization,

在我的机构里，

Canopy, our focus is on protecting the world’s ancient

树荫，我们专注于保护世界的古代文明

and endangered forests and transforming the massive pulp paper

和濒危的树林以及改变巨大的纸浆纸

packaging and viscose supply chains.

包装和纤维胶的供应链。

But the principles from those supply chains can be applied to any sector in

但是那些供应链的原则可以 被应用在任何领域

need of change. Keeping forests standing is one of the fastest, cheapest,

如有变化的需要。保持树林站立 是其中一个最快、最便宜、

most effective ways for us to stabilize our climate.

最有效的方法来稳定我们的气候。

But of course, we can’t keep forests standing

但当然，我们无法保持树林的站立

if we keep mowing them down to make pizza boxes and rayon T-shirts.

如果我们继续砍伐它们来制成 披萨盒和人造纤维的T恤。

The surge in e-commerce and fashion derived from tree-based textiles like

激增的电子商务与时尚 采自基于树的纺织品如

rayon and viscose is driving

人造丝和纤维胶正在驱使

the destruction of climate-critical forests

决定气候关键的森林的毁灭

and creating mountains of discarded textiles and packaging.

以及制造如山般被丢弃的纺织品和包装。

We must move our supply chains out of forest ecosystems, and to do that,

我们必须把我们的供应链从森林的生态 系统转移出去，为了做到这个，

we need to change the business practices of thousands of brands.

我们需要改变数千人的商业惯例。

And that's where we come in.

这就是我们为何而来。

Canopy works to create the market conditions for change

树荫的工作是创造为了变化的市场环境

by working with hundreds of the forest industry’s largest customers.

以与数百的最大的森林 工业顾客一起工作。

First to eliminate the use of ancient

首先为了从它们的包装 和纺织品的供应链中

and endangered forest fiber from their packaging and their textile supply chains.

排除古物和濒危的森林纤维的使用。

And now increasingly to introduce lower carbon circular Next Gen alternatives.

然后现在增加对下一代的备选方案的 较少碳的印刷品广告的介绍。

Get rid of the bad, phase in, scale up the good.

去除坏的，逐步采用，按比例增加好的。

These companies are often fierce competitors in

这些公司经常对竞争者表现得很凶猛

the rest of their business operations,

在他们剩余的商业操作，

but they’re willing to come together in a pre-competitive space

但他们愿意过来一起在竞争前的空间

because they know that no single company, no matter how large they are,

因为他们知道没有单独的公司， 不管他们的公司有多大，

can transform an entire supply chain by themselves,

他们都无法改变一整个供应链，

nor can they solve the climate crisis.

或是可以解决气候变化的问题。

And the CEOs of these companies’ suppliers,

以及那些公司供应商的总裁，

giant companies responsible for 90 percent of global viscose production

大公司负责90%的全球纤维胶的生产

and half of packaging, can sit around a single boardroom table.

和一半的包装，可以一起围坐在 单独的会议室桌子。

Imagine that. The outsized influence of this small group of suppliers can unlock

试着想象。这些供应商的小组 特大的影响可以解锁

ambitious levels of change through their collective supply chains.

规模宏大的变化水平 通过他们共有的供应链。

And of course, the same can be said for other sectors as well.

当然，这和其他领域是一样的说法。

Supply chain transformation starts when you have

供应链的变化开始当有

a critical mass of brands telling their suppliers that they need to change,

许多品牌告诉他们 的供应商他们需要改变，

that they have zero tolerance for packaging

告诉他们对于包装

and textiles that originate from the world's endangered forests,

和纺织品源自于世界濒危 的森林是零容忍的，

that they want lower carbon, circular,

告诉他们要较少的碳，印刷品广告，

Next Gen alternatives and giving their suppliers

下一代的备选方案和给予他们的供应商

a short timeline to achieve that target.

短的时间线来达到目标。

And this strong market pull through for low carbon alternative creates

这强力的市场正在转向低碳方案来制造

the value proposition for conventional producers to change

价值主张给传统的制造商来改变

business-as-usual practice, to fund the new tech,

正常与预期中的商业惯例， 给新科技提供资金，

to develop the systems to replace tree fiber with these low carbon,

来发展系统以便能以低碳取代树纤维，

more circular feedstocks like discarded clothing and agricultural residues,

更多的印刷品广告的进料如丢弃的 衣物和农业残渣，

and then to build the systems to make sure that these new feedstocks can then

然后建立系统来确保 这些新的进料可以过后

make their way to the new Next Gen pulp mills.

用他们的方式走向新的下一代纸浆磨坊。

At Canopy, we call this strategy “Survival: A pulp thriller.”

在树荫里，我们叫这个策略为 “生存：纸浆惊悚片”。

(Laughter)

（笑声）

(Applause)

（掌声）

Thank you. So industry leaders demand change, suppliers respond.

谢谢。所以工业领袖需要改变， 供应商给予回应。

It creates value that moves investment.

这制造价值来推动投资。

The pipeline of solutions is buoyed,

解决办法的渠道是被鼓舞的，

and you have a supply chain well on its way to sustainable change.

以及拥有供应链来支撑改变。

Canopy’s early work greening

树荫的早期工作是绿化

the Harry Potter book series has grown to working with brands that represent

哈利波特系列的书变成与商标工作相当于

$1 trillion. These companies are changing the packaging and

$1万亿。这些公司正在改变包装和

the viscose textiles that they're buying based on the environmental qualities,

纤维胶的纺织品根据环境的品质，

and it is this leverage that has enabled us to shift more than half of global

这是能让我们从世界史 排除全球多过一半的

viscose out of the world's ancient and endangered forests.

纤维胶和濒危的森林的优势。

(Applause and cheers)

（掌声和喝彩）

And now we're working with our brand partners, with conventional producers,

然后现在我们正与我们的商标同伴 一起工作，与传统的制造商，

with investors and with brilliant innovators to scale climate resilient

与投资商和与才华横溢 的创新者来改变气弹性

supply chains for the 21st century.

供应链给21世纪。

And in fact, the world’s first Next Gen mill is now up and running.

实际上，世界上第一个的 下一代磨坊现在正在运作。

It's a giant industrial mill built in the bones of

它是巨大的工业磨坊建造在已关闭的

an old shuttered wood mill in northern Sweden.

旧木材磨坊在瑞典北部。

And rather than requiring huge swaths of forest to be cut every year,

与其每年需要巨大的树林收割割幅，

Renewcell will use hundreds of millions of old jeans and T-shirts.

再生电池会用数百万的就牛仔和T恤。

It's re-employed 100 people.

它重新雇佣100人。

It uses 90 percent less water and five tons less carbon

它减少了90%的用水和5吨少的碳

per ton of product compared to a conventional tree-based rayon.

给每吨产品如果与传统 的基于树的人造丝比较。

Renewcell is a spectacular swords to ploughshares example and it is

再生电池是人人注意的剑来举例和它是

the first of hundreds of Next Gen mills that are

100个里的第一个下一代磨坊

on track to be operational by 2030

正在轨道上在2030运作

as our strategy unfolds and boosted by the generous support of the TED community.

因为我们的策略开展和 被TED 社区的大方支持促进。

It’s heartening and remarkable to see

这是多么令人振奋和引人注目看到

the viscose supply chain transforming in real time

纤维胶的供应链实时在转变

and proving that solutions are indeed sexy.

和证明那个解决拌饭是真的很诱人。

But it mustn't stop there because many of our production systems

但是它不应该在那里停止 因为很多我们的生产系统

and supply chains are unsustainable and in need of change.

和供应链是不能持续以及需要改变的。

The food system, plastics, paper-based packaging.

食物系统，塑料，基于纸质的包装。

For every sector, there is a more sustainable path forward and

为了每个领域，有更多可持续的道路和

the solutions and the people needed

解决办法和那些人需要

to make them happen are often closer than we think.

让它们比我们想象中更常发生。

When we create the right market conditions,

当我们制造对的市场环境，

change can happen exponentially and quickly.

变化可以发生得越来越快。

Carbon intensive supply chains are relics of the 20th century.

碳加强的供应链是20世纪的遗产。

Let’s leave them back there.

让我们把他们遗留在那儿吧。

Thank you.

谢谢

(Applause)

（掌声）