The economic benefits of climate action | Marcelo Mena

29,731 views ใƒป 2020-06-29

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์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: JAE-MIN CHOI ๊ฒ€ํ† : Jihyeon J. Kim
00:12
Whitney Pennington Rodgers: Marcelo Mena is an environmentalist
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ํœ˜ํŠธ๋‹ˆ ํŽ˜๋‹ํ„ด ๋กœ์ €์Šค(WPR): ๋งˆ๋ฅด์…€๋กœ ๋ฉ”๋‚˜๋Š” ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์šด๋™๊ฐ€์ด์ž
ํ•™์ž์ด๋ฉฐ,
00:15
and a scholar,
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์น ๋ ˆ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ๋ถ€ ์ „์ž„ ์žฅ๊ด€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:16
and he is the former Minister of Environment for Chile.
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00:19
Welcome, Marcelo.
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์–ด์„œ ์˜ค์„ธ์š”, ๋งˆ๋ฅด์…€๋กœ.
00:21
Marcelo Mena: How are you doing, Whitney? Thanks for the invitation.
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๋งˆ๋ฅด์…€๋กœ ๋ฉ”๋‚˜(MM): ํœ˜ํŠธ๋‹ˆ, ์ž˜ ์ง€๋‚ด์ฃ ? ์ดˆ๋Œ€ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
WPR: ์™„๋ฒฝํ•ด์š”, ์ •๋ง ์ข‹์•„์š”.
00:24
WPR: Perfect. Great.
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๋ฌผ๋ก , ์˜ค๋Š˜ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ•ด ์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:26
Of course, thank you so much for being with us here today.
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์•„์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์น ๋ ˆ์™€ ๊ทธ ๋„ˆ๋จธ์˜ ๊ธฐํ›„ ํ–‰๋™์˜
00:28
And you know, before we dive into the future of climate action
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๋ฏธ๋ž˜์— ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์—
00:32
in Chile and beyond,
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00:33
I think it would be great for us to talk about the present
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ํ˜„์žฌ ์ƒํ™ฉ๊ณผ ์™œ ์น ๋ ˆ๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐํ›„์™€ ๊ด€๋ จํ•ด์„œ
00:36
and why Chile really represents a country that is worth thinking about
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์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณผ ๋งŒํ•œ ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋Œ€ํ‘œ์ ์ธ ๋‚˜๋ผ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด
00:41
when we talk about climate.
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์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์ข‹์„ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™๋„ค์š”.
์•„์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ, ์ตœ๊ทผ ๊ธฐํ›„์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ์กฐ์น˜๋ฅผ
00:44
You know, recently there have been lots of commendable actions
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00:47
taken by your country when we think about climate.
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์น ๋ ˆ์—์„œ ์ทจํ•ด ์™”์ž–์•„์š”.
์น ๋ ˆ๋Š” ์ตœ๊ทผ 2050๋…„๊นŒ์ง€ ํƒ„์†Œ ๋ฐฐ์ถœ๋Ÿ‰ ์ˆœ 0์„ ์•ฝ์†ํ–ˆ๊ณ ,
00:52
Chile recently committed to net-zero emissions by 2050,
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00:56
the first in the Americas to do this,
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์•„๋ฉ”๋ฆฌ์นด ๋Œ€๋ฅ™์—์„œ ์ตœ์ดˆ์ด๋ฉฐ,
์ด๊ฒŒ ์™œ ํŠนํžˆ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ• ๋งŒํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š”
00:59
and that's especially notable when you think about
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01:01
how much of Chile's economy really depends on carbon emissions:
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์น ๋ ˆ ๊ฒฝ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํƒ„์†Œ ๋ฐฐ์ถœ์— ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์˜์กดํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด๋ฉด ๋˜๊ฒ ์ฃ .
๊ด‘์‚ฐ์—…๊ณผ ๋†์—…, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ์™€ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ๊ณต๊ฐ„๋“ค ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
01:06
mining and agriculture and spaces like that.
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01:08
So could you start a little bit by just talking about
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์ด์— ๊ด€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด๋ณด์ฃ .
01:11
how would this even be possible to get to net-zero emissions in 30 years,
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30๋…„ ์•ˆ์— ํƒ„์†Œ ๋ฐฐ์ถœ๋Ÿ‰ ์ˆœ 0์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ์ง€,
01:15
and what would that mean for Chile?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์น ๋ ˆ์— ๋ฌด์Šจ ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์ฃ ?
01:19
MM: Mm-hmm. It was a very surreal image
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MM: ๊ทธ๊ฑด ๋Œ€๋‹จํžˆ ๋น„ํ˜„์‹ค์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:21
when we saw Minister Schmidt, the COP25 president,
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์œ ์—”๊ธฐํ›„๋ณ€ํ™”ํ˜‘์•ฝ ๋‹น์‚ฌ๊ตญ์ดํšŒ(COP25) ์˜์žฅ์ธ ์Šˆ๋ฏธํŠธ ์žฅ๊ด€,
01:26
Patricia Espinosa, the UN head on climate change,
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UN ๊ธฐํ›„๋ณ€ํ™” ์ˆ˜์„์ธ ํŒจํŠธ๋ฆฌ์ƒค ์• ์Šคํ”ผ๋…ธ์‚ฌ ์”จ๊ฐ€
๋งˆ์Šคํฌ๋ฅผ ์“ฐ๊ณ , ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋ณ„ ๊ฐ์ถ• ๊ธฐ์—ฌ(NDC)๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๋†“์•˜์„ ๋•Œ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
01:29
with masks, delivering this new NDC.
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01:33
The important thing here is, things that are hard to build require consensus,
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€, ํ•ฉ์˜๋ฅผ ๋Œ์–ด๋‚ด๊ธฐ ํž˜๋“ค์–ด์„œ
์•ฝ์† ์ดํ–‰์„ ํŒŒ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์—๋Š”
01:38
but therefore to get rid of that commitment,
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01:42
you need to have another consensus.
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๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ•ฉ์˜๋ฅผ ๋ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:44
This hasn't happened,
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์ด๊ฒŒ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๊ณ ,
01:45
so the thing is, the reason why Chile has a sort of vision towards mitigation
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์‚ฌ์‹ค, ์น ๋ ˆ๊ฐ€ ๋ง‰๋Œ€ํ•œ ํƒ„์†Œ ๋ฐฐ์ถœ๋Ÿ‰ ๊ฒฝ๊ฐ์— ์ผ์ข…์˜ ๋น„์ „์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์ด์œ ๋Š”
01:51
that's ambitious
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01:52
is that we see that there's a big economic benefit.
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๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์„œ ํฐ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ์ด์ต์„ ๋ณด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค,
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ณด์•˜๊ณ , ๋ชฉ๊ฒฉํ•ด์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:55
We have seen, we've witnessed,
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01:56
what the renewable energy sector has been able to do for investment,
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์žฌ์ƒ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๋ถ€๋ฌธ์ด ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๋น„์šฉ ์ ˆ๊ฐ ํˆฌ์ž์—
๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•ด์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ์š”.
02:00
for lowering energy costs.
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02:02
And so therefore to reach this goal,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด ๋ชฉํ‘œ์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
02:04
we will inevitably expand to 100 percent renewable,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•„์—ฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์žฌ์ƒ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ 100% ์ˆ˜์ค€์œผ๋กœ ํ™•๋Œ€ํ•˜๊ณ 
02:08
but we'll also transform our industry, which is heavy on fossil fuels,
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๊ทธ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ํ™”์„์—ฐ๋ฃŒ ๋น„์ค‘์ด ํฐ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์‚ฐ์—… ๋˜ํ•œ ํƒˆ๋ฐ”๊ฟˆ์‹œ์ผœ์„œ,
๋‚ฎ์€ ํƒ„์†Œ ๋ฐฐ์ถœ์„ ์ง€ํ–ฅํ•˜๊ณ 
02:12
towards low emissions,
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02:13
with the hydrogen economy kicking in,
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์ˆ˜์†Œ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ,
02:15
with a recently launched committee that I formed,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์ตœ๊ทผ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฐ์„ฑํ•˜๊ณ ,
์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๋ถ€ ์กฐ๋ฒณ ์žฅ๊ด€์ด ์ˆ˜๋ฆฝํ•œ ์œ„์›ํšŒ๊ฐ€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:18
that Minister Jobet, the Minister of Energy, set up.
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02:21
And also energy efficiency and a lot of capture, carbon capture.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ํšจ์œจ๊ณผ ๋Œ€๋Ÿ‰์˜ ํƒ„์†Œ ํฌ์ง‘๋„ ํฌํ•จ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:25
We are endowed with a lot of natural capital.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํƒ€๊ณ ๋‚œ ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ์ฒœ์—ฐ์ž๋ณธ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด ์ฒœ์—ฐ์ž๋ณธ์„ ๊ด€๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ณ  ๋†์žฅ์„ ํ™•๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ
02:29
Taking care of that natural capital and expanding plantations
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2050๋…„๊นŒ์ง€ ํƒ„์†Œ ๋ฐฐ์ถœ๋Ÿ‰ ์ˆœ 0์„ ๋‹ฌ์„ฑํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:32
will allow us to reach net-zero by 2050.
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WPR: ๋Œ€๋‹จํ•˜๋„ค์š”.
02:36
WPR: That's great.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์ด์ œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๊ธฐ์— ์น ๋ ˆ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ ,
02:37
And now it seems like Chile has such a huge focus, then,
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์žฌ์ƒ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€์™€ ๊ธฐํ›„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์€๋ฐ์š”.
02:40
in thinking about renewable energy and thinking about climate.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๊ฒŒ ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊ทธ๋žฌ๋˜ ๊ฑด ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
02:44
But this wasn't always the case.
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02:45
Could you talk a little bit, I guess,
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์ข€ ๋” ํ•˜์‹ค ๋ง์”€์ด ์žˆ์„ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
์น ๋ ˆ๊ฐ€ ์ง€๊ธˆ์˜ ์‹œ์ ์— ๋‹ค๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋œ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์— ๊ด€ํ•ด์„œ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
02:47
about the history of how Chile arrived at this moment?
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02:51
MM: Yeah, so in 2011, 2010,
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MM: ๋„ค, 2010๋…„๊ณผ 2011๋…„์—
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๋…ผ์˜๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
02:55
we had an energy discussion
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02:57
with incumbents saying the only way we could solve our energy problems
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์žฌ์ž„์ž๋“ค์ด ๋งํ•˜๊ธธ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•  ์œ ์ผํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€
ํŒŒํƒ€๊ณ ๋‹ˆ์•„์— ๋Œ€๊ทœ๋ชจ ์„ํƒ„ ๋ฐœ์ „๊ณผ ์ˆ˜๋ ฅ ๋ฐœ์ „์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๋ฟ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:01
will be through large coal and large hydro in the Patagonia.
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03:04
And that really polarized the discussion.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ์ฃผ์žฅ์€ ๋…ผ์˜๋ฅผ ๊ทน๋„๋กœ ์–‘๊ทนํ™”์‹œ์ผฐ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:06
We got together as a community after large protests
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋Œ€๊ทœ๋ชจ ์‹œ์œ„ ํ›„ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ๊ณต๋™์ฒด๋กœ ๋ชจ์˜€๊ณ 
03:10
that triggered a lot of social movements,
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์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌํšŒ ํ™œ๋™์˜ ๋„ํ™”์„ ์ด ๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ,
03:12
and we started discussing
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋…ผ์˜๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์—ฌ
์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ง„์ฒ™์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๋ฐ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:14
how we should be able to do our energy going forward.
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์ฃผ๋ฏผ๋“ค์˜ ๋ฏผ์‹ฌ ๋™์š”๋กœ ๊ฑฐ์˜ 6,000MW์— ๋‹ฌํ•˜๋Š”
03:18
The population, public unrest, set up almost 6,000 megawatts
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03:22
of coal-fired power plants to never be built.
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์„ํƒ„ ํ™”๋ ฅ ๋ฐœ์ „์†Œ๋Š” ์ง€์–ด์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:25
And when the government, Michelle Bachelet's government came in,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฏธ์ฒผ ๋ฐ”์ฒผ๋ ˆํŠธ ์ •๊ถŒ์ด ์ˆ˜๋ฆฝ๋˜์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ,
์ด๋“œ๋กœ์•„์ด์„ผ(HidroAysรฉn) ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋ฅผ ์ค‘๋‹จ์‹œ์ผฐ๋Š”๋ฐ
03:29
we pulled the plug on the HidroAysรฉn project,
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์ด๋Š” ํŒŒํƒ€๊ณ ๋‹ˆ์•„์—์„œ ์ง„ํ–‰ ์ค‘์ด๋˜ ํฐ ์ˆ˜๋ ฅ ๋ฐœ์ „ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:31
which is a big hydro project in the Patagonia.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ๋‘ ์ƒํ™ฉ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๊ธฐํšŒ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฒผ๊ณ 
03:34
And both of these conditions enabled an opportunity
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03:37
for renewable energy to set in.
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์žฌ์ƒ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:39
We put in carbon taxes,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํƒ„์†Œ์„ธ๋ฅผ ๋„์ž…ํ–ˆ๊ณ ,
03:41
we put in environmental regulations,
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ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ๊ทœ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ œ์ •ํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ,
03:43
and we set up an energy strategy that we did, building on discussing
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์˜ˆ์ „ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์ „๋žต์„ ์ˆ˜๋ฆฝํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋…ผ์˜๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ
๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ,
03:49
and looking at the data,
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03:50
in which we thought that the 70 percent renewable energy by 2050
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2050๋…„๊นŒ์ง€ ์žฌ์ƒ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๋น„์œจ์„ 70%๋กœ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด
03:54
was going to be a target that we could agree on.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋™์˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋Š” ์ถ”์›”ํ•œ ์ง€ ์˜ค๋ž˜๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:57
This target has been long surpassed.
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03:59
Now we're thinking of reaching that same goal by 2030.
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์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ชฉํ‘œ์— 2030๋…„๊นŒ์ง€ ๋„๋‹ฌ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:05
WPR: And what you were saying about social protests,
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WPR: ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์‹œ์œ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ํ•˜์…จ๋˜ ๋ง์”€ ๋ง์ธ๋ฐ์š”,
04:09
that's something that a lot of people maybe have been following
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์ด๋Š” ์น ๋ ˆ์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‰ด์Šค์— ๊ท€๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์šธ์˜€์„ ๋ฒ•ํ•œ
๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์ตœ๊ทผ ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์‹œ์œ„๋ฅผ ์ž˜ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
04:12
news of what's going in Chile are familiar with recent social protests,
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04:15
and I think I'm curious about how you see that factoring in
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ถ๊ธˆํ•œ ๊ฑด ๋งˆ๋ฅด์…€๋กœ ์”จ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์‹œ์œ„๋ฅผ
04:19
to climate action moving forward.
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๊ธฐํ›„ ํ–‰๋™ ์ง„์ฒ™์˜ ์š”์ธ์œผ๋กœ ํฌํ•จํ•˜์‹œ๋Š” ๊ฑด๊ฐ€์š”.
04:21
How might these social protests
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์‹œ์œ„๊ฐ€
๊ธฐํ›„ ํ–‰๋™์— ์ผ์กฐํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ณด์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
04:23
play a role in what climate action you see?
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04:25
And, really, how is it possible for Chile to be a leader in climate action
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์น ๋ ˆ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‚ฌํšŒ ๋ฌธ์ œ์™€ ์”จ๋ฆ„ํ•˜๋Š” ์™€์ค‘์—
04:30
while also struggling with some of these social issues?
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์ •๋ง๋กœ ๊ธฐํ›„ ํ–‰๋™์˜ ์„ ๋‘ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
04:35
MM: Well, the social issues,
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MM: ์‚ฌํšŒ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š”
04:37
which are very profound and important to address,
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๋งค์šฐ ์‹ฌ์˜คํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:40
caused, for example, COP25 to not be able to be held in Santiago
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, COP25๋ฅผ ์‚ฐํ‹ฐ์•„๊ณ ์—์„œ ๊ฐœ์ตœํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์–ด
04:44
and to go to Madrid.
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๋งˆ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๋“œ์—์„œ ๊ฐœ์ตœํ•˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:45
And this also shifted a whole bunch of the discussions and announcements
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์ด๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๋Œ€๋กœ ์™„๋ฃŒ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์€
์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ๋…ผ์˜์™€ ๋ฐœํ‘œ ๋˜ํ•œ
04:49
that weren't done
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04:50
and we were expecting to have.
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๋ฐ”๋€Œ์–ด๋ฒ„๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:51
But regardless of this,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๊ฒƒ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋ณ„๊ฐœ๋กœ,
04:53
the fact that we have this commitment from the government today
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด ์•ฝ์†์„ ์ •๋ถ€ ์ฐจ์›์—์„œ ์ดํ–‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด
04:57
shows that there's a resolution to continue forward.
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์•ž์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€๋ฉด ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์ด ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:00
But really, the economic model of Chile was brought into question,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์น ๋ ˆ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ๋ชจ๋ธ์€ ์ •๋ง๋กœ ์˜๋ฌธ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:06
because the environmental issues, for example, are quite widespread,
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด, ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ๊ด‘๋ฒ”์œ„ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํผ์ ธ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:11
and many times you have large coal-fired power plants
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋ฒˆ ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์„ํƒ„ ํ™”๋ ฅ ๋ฐœ์ „์†Œ๊ฐ€
05:14
being situated where people live
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์ฃผ๊ฑฐ์ง€์—ญ์— ์ง€์–ด์ง€๊ณ 
05:17
and with higher mortality rates.
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๋” ๋†’์€ ์‚ฌ๋ง๋ฅ ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:19
Somebody who lives where a power plant is installed
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๋ฐœ์ „์†Œ๊ฐ€ ์ง€์–ด์ง„ ๊ณณ์— ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€
05:22
has twice the rate of death
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์น ๋ ˆ์˜ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์— ๋น„ํ•ด
05:25
in comparison to other people in Chile.
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์‚ฌ๋ง๋ฅ ์ด ๋‘ ๋ฐฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:28
So the model of having many people be impacted for the benefit of few
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์†Œ์ˆ˜์˜ ์ด์ต์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋‹ค์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ๋ชจ๋ธ์€
05:33
is something that caused and triggered the social unrest.
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๋ฏผ์‹ฌ ๋™์š”์˜ ์›์ธ๊ณผ ๋„ํ™”์„ ์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:37
And it goes into the economic model itself
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฒฝ์ œ ๋ชจ๋ธ์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€
05:39
of extracting, polluting, impacting communities
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์ง€์—ญ์‚ฌํšŒ๋ฅผ ์ฐฉ์ทจํ•˜๊ณ , ์˜ค์—ผ์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ  ์•…์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ผ์น˜๋‹ˆ
05:43
that may not see the benefits of these economic activities.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ํ™œ๋™์—์„œ ์ด๋“์„ ๋ณธ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ฒ ์ฃ .
05:46
So while we've done a lot --
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•ด๋‚ด๊ณ 
05:47
we've come a long way, for example, in securing a very emblematic agreement
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ํฐ ์ง„์ „์„ ์ด๋ฃจ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด
์„ํƒ„ ํ™”๋ ฅ ๋ฐœ์ „์†Œ๋ฅผ ๋‹จ๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ค„์ด๋Š”
05:53
to phase out coal-fired power plants --
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์•„์ฃผ ์ƒ์ง•์ ์ธ ํ•ฉ์˜๋ฅผ ๋Œ์–ด๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:55
many people feel that this wasn't done fast enough
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๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ๋น ๋ฅด์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋Š๋ผ๊ณ 
์ด ์กฐ์น˜๊ฐ€ ๋” ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ์ทจํ•ด์ง€๊ธธ ์›ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:58
and want this action to be brought faster.
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06:01
WPR: And it sounds like having people be the voice and the engine
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WPR: ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๊ธฐํ›„ ํ–‰๋™์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ชฉ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์™€ ๋™๋ ฅ์œผ๋กœ
06:06
behind making that happen
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์‚ผ๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ง๋กœ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋„ค์š”.
06:08
has really been part of this historical thread
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์ด๋Š” ์น ๋ ˆ์˜ ๊ธฐํ›„ ํ–‰๋™์˜ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์ ์ธ ๋งฅ๋ฝ์—์„œ
06:11
with climate action in Chile
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์ง„์ •ํ•œ ์ผ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด์—ˆ๊ณ 
06:13
and seems like it would really lead things moving into the future.
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๊ธฐํ›„ ํ–‰๋™์„ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋กœ ์ด๋Œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์ด๋„ค์š”.
06:19
MM: No, definitely, and we will continue. Yes, go ahead. Sorry.
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MM: ์•„๋‡จ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด๋‚˜๊ฐˆ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณ„์† ๋ง์”€ํ•˜์„ธ์š”, ๋ฏธ์•ˆํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:23
WPR: Go ahead. Please go ahead. We have a little bit of a delay.
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WRP: ๊ณ„์† ๋ง์”€ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ํ†ต์‹  ์ง€์—ฐ์ด ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ์žˆ๋„ค์š”.
MM: ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ „์ง„ํ•˜๊ณ , ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฉฐ, ์ž˜ํ•ด๋‚˜๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:27
MM: Going forward, we're going to be ... Starting out, we are doing well,
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06:32
but I think we need to double down on our commitments.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์•ฝ์† ์ดํ–‰์„ ๋” ๋‹จํ˜ธํžˆ ๋ฐ€์–ด๋ถ™์—ฌ์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:34
So even though we have ministries involved,
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๊ฐ€๋ น ์ •๋ถ€ ๋ถ€์ฒ˜๋‚˜
06:36
we have civil society involved,
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์‹œ๋ฏผ ์‚ฌํšŒ๋ฅผ ๊ด€๋ จ์ง€์–ด์„œ๋ผ๋„,
06:39
we need to bring in the mainstream industry.
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์ฃผ๋ฅ˜ ์‚ฐ์—…์„ ๋Œ์–ด๋“ค์—ฌ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:42
I think, for example, the mining sector has a great opportunity
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค๋ฉด ๊ด‘์‚ฐ์—… ๋ถ„์•ผ๋Š” ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ
06:45
to be the solution for the environmental issues,
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ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•  ์ปค๋‹ค๋ž€ ๊ธฐํšŒ๋ฅผ ํ’ˆ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:48
because we provide the copper, the cobalt, the lithium
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ณต๊ธ‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ตฌ๋ฆฌ, ์ฝ”๋ฐœํŠธ, ๋ฆฌํŠฌ์€
06:51
that are required for solar PV panels, for battery storage.
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ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘๋ฐœ์ „ ํŒจ๋„์˜ ๋ฐฐํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ ์ €์žฅ์— ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:55
But we need to do this in a clean manner.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋ฅผ ๊นจ๋—ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:57
I think that's the biggest challenge we're going to have
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์•ž์œผ๋กœ 20๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜
์ตœ๋Œ€ ๊ณผ์ œ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:00
in the next 20 years ahead.
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07:03
WPR: And sort of pivoting to the pandemic
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WPR: ํŒ๋ฐ๋ฏน์„ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ๋„ ์žˆ์ฃ .
07:05
and to thinking about what's going on right now,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ง€๊ธˆ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด๋ฉด
07:07
the entire world has obviously been devastated by this crisis.
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์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ๋ช…๋ฐฑํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ด ์œ„๊ธฐ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ํŒŒ๊ดด๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์น ๋ ˆ๊ฐ€ ํŒ๋ฐ๋ฏน ๋™์•ˆ ์ง๋ฉดํ•œ ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ๋‚œ๊ด€์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”?
07:11
What have been some of the unique challenges that Chile has faced
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07:15
during this pandemic?
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07:18
MM: Well, definitely, as anybody,
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MM: ๋„ค, ๋‹น์—ฐํžˆ ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋“ฏ์ด
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ „์—ผ๋ณ‘๊ณผ ์‹ธ์šฐ๋ฉฐ
07:20
we are always struggling within
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07:22
taking actions today to prevent a deeper impact in the future.
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๋ฏธ๋ž˜์— ๋” ํฐ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ง‰๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์˜ค๋Š˜๋„ ์กฐ์ฒ˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:27
And we started off pretty well.
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์น ๋ ˆ๋Š” ์‹œ์ž‘์ด ์ƒ๋‹นํžˆ ์ข‹์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:29
We shut off schools.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•™๊ต ๋ฌธ์„ ๋‹ซ์•˜๊ณ ,
07:31
We shut off different cities and had a quarantine.
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๋„์‹œ ๊ฐ„ ์ด๋™์„ ๋ง‰๊ณ  ๊ฒฉ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์‹œํ–‰ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:35
But we gave the wrong signals to people
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ์‹ ํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ƒˆ๊ณ 
07:39
and we didn't have a consistent effort,
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์ง€์†์ ์ธ ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ธฐ์šธ์ด์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:41
and this has brought us to have the highest infection rates per capita
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๊ทธ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์š”์ฆ˜ ์น ๋ ˆ๋Š” ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ 1์ธ๋‹น ๊ฐ์—ผ๋ฅ ์ด
07:44
in the world these days.
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋†’์•„์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:46
So this goes to show that -- the same parallels with climate change.
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์ด ํ˜„์ƒ์€ ๊ธฐํ›„๋ณ€ํ™”์™€ ์œ ์‚ฌ์„ฑ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:50
We need to take action now to prevent deeper impact later.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‚˜์ค‘์˜ ๋” ํฐ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ง‰๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ง€๊ธˆ ์กฐ์ฒ˜ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:53
And I think we need to take the lesson of this
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ตํ›ˆ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ผ์•„
07:55
to continue with an effort,
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์ง€์†์ ์ธ ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ธฐ์šธ์—ฌ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:58
because one thing is to announce an ambitious NDC.
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๊ทธ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๊ฐ€ ๋ง‰๋Œ€ํ•œ NDC๋ฅผ ์„ ํฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:02
Another thing is to invest and do the regulations that you require
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๋˜ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด๋ฅผ ํ˜„์‹คํ™”ํ•  ํˆฌ์ž์™€
08:05
to turn this into reality.
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๊ทœ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
08:07
But there are some things that are interesting.
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08:09
The pollution in Santiago,
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๋ผํ‹ด ์•„๋ฉ”๋ฆฌ์นด์—์„œ
08:10
which is one of the most polluted capitals historically in Latin America,
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ์˜ค์—ผ๋œ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์ค‘์˜ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜€๋˜ ์‚ฐํ‹ฐ์•„๊ณ ์˜ ๊ณตํ•ด๋Š”
์ง€์†ํ•ด์„œ ๊ฐ์†Œํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:14
has dropped substantially.
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์ž๋™์ฐจ ๊ด€๋ จ ๋ฐฐ๊ธฐ๋Ÿ‰์€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ 80์—์„œ 90% ์ˆ˜์ค€์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ์†Œํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
08:15
The car-related emissions are down almost 80 to 90 percent,
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08:18
which is pretty substantive.
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์ด๋Š” ์ƒ๋‹นํžˆ ์‹ค์งˆ์ ์ธ ์ˆ˜์น˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:20
And we look at the example of what's going on.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ผ๋ก€๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ดค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:23
Harvard University showed a study
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ํ•˜๋ฒ„๋“œ๋Œ€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด
08:25
in which they showed higher mortality rates for more polluted cities.
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์˜ค์—ผ์ด ์‹ฌํ•œ ๋„์‹œ์ผ์ˆ˜๋ก ๋” ๋†’์€ ์‚ฌ๋ง๋ฅ ์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:29
And this is also the case in Chile.
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์ด๋Š” ์น ๋ ˆ์—๋„ ์ ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋ชจ๋“  ๋งˆ์ดํฌ๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์˜ ๊ณตํ•ด, ์ดˆ๋ฏธ์„ธ ๋จผ์ง€(PM2.5)๋‹น ์น˜์‚ฌ์œจ์€
08:31
For every microgram of pollution, PM2.5, there is an increase of the fatality rate
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08:35
of nine percent.
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9% ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌํƒœ ์ด๋ฃฌ ๊ฒƒ๋„ ๋Œ์•„๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:37
But the thing is, we could also look back at what we've achieved up to now.
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08:40
Had we not taken measures to clean the air,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ณต๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ •ํ™”ํ•  ๋Œ€์ฑ…์„
08:42
as we've done in Chile these last 20 years,
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์ง€๋‚œ 20๋…„๊ฐ„ ์น ๋ ˆ์—์„œ ๊ฐ•๊ตฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด
์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค(COVID) ์‚ฌ๋ง์ž์˜ ์•ฝ 5๋ฐฐ์— ๋‹ฌํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋ง์ž๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์™”์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:46
we would be talking about five times more people would have died from COVID.
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08:49
We have around 800 people that have died due to COVID directly,
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COVID์— ์ง์ ‘ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์‚ฌ๋ง์ž๊ฐ€ 800์—ฌ ๋ช…์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์กฐ์น˜๊ฐ€ ์—†์—ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ด ์ˆ˜์น˜๋Š” ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ๋†’์•„์กŒ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:54
but this would have been much higher had we not taken action.
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08:58
And in fact, due to the lower pollution,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•œ ๊ณตํ•ด๋กœ ์ธํ•ด
09:00
if we estimate and predict this to the rest of the year,
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์˜ฌํ•ด ๋‚จ์€ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ง์ž๋ฅผ ์ถ”์ • ๋ฐ ์˜ˆ์ƒํ•ด๋ณด๋ฉด
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” COVID๋กœ ์žƒ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ ์ˆ˜ ๋งŒํผ์„ ๊ณตํ•ด ๊ฐ์†Œ๋กœ
09:05
we will have saved as many lives reducing the pollution
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09:08
as we have lost in COVID,
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์‚ด๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:09
showing that there's a pandemic that we also need to address,
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์ด์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํŒ๋ฐ๋ฏน์ธ ๊ณต๊ธฐ ์˜ค์—ผ ์œ„๊ธฐ์—
09:12
which is the crisis on air pollution that suffocates many cities in the world.
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์„ธ๊ณ„ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋„์‹œ๋“ค์ด ์งˆ์‹์‚ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ธฐํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:18
WPR: And it seems like that's probably something that we're seeing
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WPR: ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฑด ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์˜
๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ๋„ ๋ชฉ๊ฒฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์€๋ฐ์š”.
09:22
in other areas around the world.
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09:23
As you're suggesting, air pollution is a problem everywhere.
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์ฃผ์žฅํ•˜์‹  ๋ฐ๋กœ, ๊ณต๊ธฐ ์˜ค์—ผ์€ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋˜ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ถ๊ธˆํ•œ ๊ฑด
09:27
And I'm curious also
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09:29
how these challenges that you've mentioned, and maybe others,
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๋ง์”€ํ•˜์…จ๋˜ ๋‚œ๊ด€๋“ค๊ณผ ์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค์ด
๊ธฐํ›„ ํ–‰๋™์„ ํ–ฅํ•œ
09:34
might hinder or help
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09:36
some of this progress that you're hoping to make
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์ง„์ฒ™์— ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ฐฉํ•ด๋˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
09:39
towards climate action.
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๋„์›€์ด ๋  ์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:40
How do you see this factoring in to some of the decisions
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์น ๋ ˆ์™€ ๊ทธ ๋„ˆ๋จธ๋กœ ์ง„์ฒ™๋  ์ผ๋ถ€ ๊ฒฐ์ •์—
09:43
that might be made going forward in Chile and beyond?
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์–ด๋–ค ์š”์ธ์œผ๋กœ ํฌํ•จํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ณด์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
09:47
MM: OK, so we have a higher fatality rate and more polluted cities,
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MM: ๋„ค, ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ๋” ๋†’์€ ์น˜์‚ฌ์œจ๊ณผ ๋” ์˜ค์—ผ๋œ ๋„์‹œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ 
09:51
and we have a climate action to carry out.
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์‹คํ–‰ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๊ธฐํ›„ ํ–‰๋™์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:53
This is going to be a decisive decade,
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์ด ์‹ญ์—ฌ ๋…„์ด ๊ฒฐ์ •์ ์ธ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ
09:55
in which we need to lay the groundwork for our lower-emissions strategies.
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ํƒ„์†Œ ๋ฐฐ์ถœ๋Ÿ‰ ๊ฐ์†Œ ์ „๋žต์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ ์ž‘์—…์„ ์ค€๋น„ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:00
So whatever we do today cannot lock us in to an incompatible climate future.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์–ผ ํ•˜๊ฑด
์–‘๋ฆฝํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋‘˜ ์ˆœ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:05
We need to lay the groundwork for this low-emissions transition.
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์ด ํƒ„์†Œ ๋ฐฐ์ถœ๋Ÿ‰ ๊ฐ์†Œ ์ดํ–‰์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ธฐ์ดˆ ์ž‘์—…์„ ์ค€๋น„ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:09
So therefore, our green recovery efforts need to be done,
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋…น์ƒ‰ ํšŒ๋ณต์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์ด ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ ธ์•ผ ํ•˜๊ณ 
10:12
as Kristalina [Georgieva] spoke last week,
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์ง€๋‚œ์ฃผ ํฌ๋ฆฌ์Šคํƒˆ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜ ๊ฒŒ์˜ค๋ฅด๊ธฐ์—๋ฐ” ์”จ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ–ˆ๋“ฏ์ด
์ฆ‰๊ฐ์ ์ธ ์ผ์ž๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐฝ์ถœํ•˜๋Š” ๋…น์ƒ‰ ํšŒ๋ณต๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ด€๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ,
10:15
has to be related to a green recovery that creates jobs immediately,
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10:19
that addresses the poverty issues that we have on energy
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ๋‚จ๋ถ€ ์น ๋ ˆ์˜ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๋นˆ๊ณค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ
๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ธฐํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:23
today in southern Chile,
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10:24
and we need to use this for expanding renewable energy
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•ด ์žฌ์ƒ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ํ™•๋Œ€ํ•˜๊ณ 
10:27
and expanding the successful efforts that we've done on electromobility.
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์ „๊ธฐ ๊ตฌ๋™ ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰์— ํ•ด์™”๋˜ ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์ธ ํ™œ๋™์„ ํ™•์žฅํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:30
Today, we have the largest fleet of electric buses outside of China,
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์ค‘๊ตญ์„ ๋นผ๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์€ ์ „๊ธฐ ๋ฒ„์Šค๋ฅผ ๋ณด์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:35
but we could actually make this go even bigger,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ด ์ˆซ์ž๋ฅผ ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ๋Š˜๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:38
because we've seen that the reductions in cost have been almost 70 percent
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด, ๋””์ ค ๋ฒ„์Šค์™€ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ฑฐ์˜ 70%์˜
10:43
in comparison to diesel buses.
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๋น„์šฉ ๊ฐ์†Œ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:45
So we should use this opportunity to expand.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์ด ๊ธฐํšŒ๋ฅผ ํ™•์žฅ์— ํ™œ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:47
And multiple stakeholders are working.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ดํ•ด๋‹น์‚ฌ์ž๋“ค์ด ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:50
We're working together to call on the government
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ˜‘๋ ฅํ•˜์—ฌ ์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ๋…น์ƒ‰ ํšŒ๋ณต์„
10:53
to do a green recovery,
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์‹คํ–‰ํ•˜๋„๋ก ์ด‰๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ฏธ ๋ฌธ์ œ ์ œ๊ธฐํ–ˆ๋˜ ๋…น์ƒ‰ ์ฑ„๊ถŒ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ 
10:55
to use the green bonds that we've already issued
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10:57
and under which we've gotten really low rates for interest rates,
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์•„์ฃผ ๋‚ฎ์€ ์ด์œจ๋กœ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ด์„œ
11:02
to do and fund cleaning the air,
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๊ธฐ๊ธˆ์„ ์กฐ์„ฑํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ณต๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ •ํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ 
11:05
cleaning the transportation
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๊นจ๋—ํ•œ ์šด์†ก ์ˆ˜๋‹จ๊ณผ
๋” ๊นจ๋—ํ•œ ๊ด‘์‚ฐ์—… ๋ถ„์•ผ์˜ ๋‚ด์ผ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ ์ž‘์—…์„ ์ค€๋น„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด
11:07
and laying the groundwork for a cleaner tomorrow in the mining sector,
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11:10
which is our biggest challenge going forward.
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์•ž์œผ๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•  ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ๊ณผ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:14
WPR: And then as far as the way that you think about
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WPR: ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๊ป˜์„œ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ 
11:18
and conceptualize climate action,
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๊ฐœ๋…ํ™”ํ•œ ๊ธฐํ›„ ํ–‰๋™์— ๊ด€ํ•ด์„œ,
11:20
have you personally had any changes to your thinking,
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์ด๋ฒˆ ํŒ๋ฐ๋ฏน์„ ์ง€์ผœ๋ณธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ
11:24
just as a result of what you're seeing through this pandemic?
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๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์ธ ์ƒ๊ฐ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋Š” ์—†์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€์š”?
11:29
MM: Yeah, I think we start looking around,
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MM: ๋„ค, ์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์—” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ฃผ๋ณ€์„ ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ๋ณด๋‹ˆ
11:31
everybody had to struggle and find that we could do much more with less,
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๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ํˆฌ์Ÿํ•ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ๊ณ 
์ ์€ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์•Œ์•„์•ผ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์™„์ „ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์ œ๋ฅผ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด
11:37
and keeping a full economy
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11:39
that requires you to buy an extra t-shirt that you don't need,
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ํ•„์š” ์—†๋Š” ์—ฌ๋ถ„์˜ ํ‹ฐ์…”์ธ ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ๋„๋ก ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ 
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ 20๋…„ ์ „๊ณผ ๋น„๊ตํ•ด์„œ 3๋ฐฐ ๋งŽ์€ ์˜ท์„
11:43
the fact that we're using three times more clothes
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11:47
than we were maybe 20 years ago
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์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด
11:48
shows that we are blowing up an economy that requires us
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‚ ๋ ค๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ํ•˜์—ฌ๊ธˆ
11:52
to destroy the environment, in a way,
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์–ด๋–ค ๋ฉด์—์„œ๋Š”, ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์„ ํŒŒ๊ดดํ•˜๊ณ 
11:54
to continue forward.
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์ด๋ฅผ ๊ณ„์†ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:57
And the food system is going to be probably our biggest challenge,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹๋Ÿ‰ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์ด ์•„๋งˆ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ๋‚œ๊ด€์ด ๋  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:00
and even though I've been working with electric buses and electromobility
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ „๊ธฐ ๋ฒ„์Šค์™€ ์ „๊ธฐ ๊ตฌ๋™ ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰,
12:05
and just the more conventional mitigation,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋” ์ „ํ†ต์ ์ธ ๊ฒฝ๊ฐ์— ํž˜์„ ์Ÿ์•„ ์™”๋”๋ผ๋„
12:09
I think our biggest cultural challenge
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ๋ฌธํ™”์ ์ธ ๊ณผ์ œ๋Š”
12:11
will be to talk about how our food decisions
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์‹๋Ÿ‰ ์„ ํƒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งž์„ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์— ๋ฏธ์น  ์˜ํ–ฅ์—
12:14
impact the way that we will have a future.
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๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
"๋„ค์ด์ฒ˜"๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด๋†“์€ ํ•œ ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๋Š”
12:20
"Nature" just put out a report
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12:22
that showed something that when we were in the government, we had talked about.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ถ€ ์†Œ์†์ด์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๋งํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:26
When Chile was good in soccer,
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์น ๋ ˆ๊ฐ€ ์ถ•๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ž˜ํ•˜๋˜ ์‹œ์ ˆ,
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒจ์šธ์ฒ  ์‹œํ•ฉ์— ๋” ํŒŒ๊ณ ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:28
we started going deeper into the wintertime contests,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ์ด๊ธฐ๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
12:34
and we started winning games.
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12:35
But to win those games, we started doing a lot of barbecues,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ์— ์ด๊ธฐ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ๋ฐ”๋น„ํ๋ฅผ ๋จน๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๊ณ 
12:38
and the paper that came out showed something that,
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๊ทธ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ทธ ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์™”์œผ๋ฉฐ
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋ฉฐ
12:41
when we explained this to people,
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12:42
that you guys are messing up the air with barbecues,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋ฐ”๋น„ํ๋กœ ๊ณต๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋”๋Ÿฝํžˆ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜์ž
12:45
people thought we were crazy.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฏธ์ณค๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:47
Well, the "Nature" report now shows that we actually fouled the air
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๊ทธ "๋„ค์ด์ฒ˜" ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๋Š” ์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๊ณต๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋”๋Ÿฝํžˆ๊ณ 
12:52
and destroyed the air, annihilated the air,
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ํŒŒ๊ดดํ•˜๊ณ , ๋ง์‚ดํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด
12:54
because we wanted to celebrate the soccer.
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์ถ•๊ตฌ ์„ฑ์  ์ถ•ํ•˜๋ฅผ ์›ํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ์ž ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฏธ์ณค๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์ฃ .
12:57
And we set this up to people, and people thought we were crazy.
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13:00
Now people acknowledge the fact that the basic things that you could do,
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์ด์ œ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ž์‹ ์ด ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค,
13:04
such as the way that you choose how to cook,
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์ด๋ฅผํ…Œ๋ฉด ์š”๋ฆฌ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• ์„ ํƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์ด
13:06
could actually impact your air.
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๊ณต๊ธฐ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Œ์„์„ ๊นจ๋‹ฌ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:08
So I think going forward these cultural challenges that we need to do,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ฌธํ™”์ ์ธ ๊ณผ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ง„์ฒ™์‹œํ‚ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์ผ์€
13:12
we need to tackle them head-on.
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์ •๋ฉด์—์„œ ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์†”์งํžˆ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:14
We should need to show the evidence.
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์ฆ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค„ ํ•„์š”๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ์ € ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋ฌด์‹œํ•˜๊ณ 
13:16
Otherwise, we're just going to be ignoring problems
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13:18
and letting them perpetuate for the future.
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๋ฏธ๋ž˜์—๋„ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์˜๊ตฌํ™”ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:22
WPR: And, you know, for nations who have not really prioritized climate
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WPR: ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์•„์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ, ์น ๋ ˆ์™€ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ ๊ธฐํ›„๋ฅผ ์ตœ์šฐ์„  ์ˆœ์œ„๋กœ
13:26
in the same way that Chile has,
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๋‘์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์—
13:28
are there lessons that you think can be learned
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๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณ์ค„ ๋งŒํ•œ ๊ตํ›ˆ๊ณผ
13:31
from some of the choices that Chile has made in recent years
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์ตœ๊ทผ ๋ช‡ ๋…„๊ฐ„ ์น ๋ ˆ๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด๋ฆฐ ์ผ๋ถ€ ๊ฒฐ์ •์„
13:34
that other nations can apply,
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์—๋„ ์ ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€,
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํƒ€ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๊ป˜์„œ ์น ๋ ˆ์—์„œ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•œ
13:36
and how could folks in other countries implement some of these strategies
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13:40
that you implemented in Chile?
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์ผ๋ถ€ ์ „๋žต์„ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
13:43
MM: So, many people in the US and across the world
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MM: ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ๊ณผ ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
13:45
know about the Chilean sea bass.
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์น ๋ ˆ ๋†์–ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:47
The Chilean sea bass was overfished and almost collapsed.
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์น ๋ ˆ ๋†์–ด๋Š” ๋‚จํš๋˜์–ด์„œ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ฉธ์ ˆํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:51
One of the things that we did under the support from "National Geographic"
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ "๋‚ด์…”๋„ ์ง€์˜ค๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”ฝ"์˜ ๋„์›€๊ณผ
13:55
and with the leadership of President Bachelet
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๋ฐ”์ฒผ๋ ˆํŠธ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์˜ ๋ฆฌ๋”์‹ญ ์•„๋ž˜ ํ–ˆ๋˜ ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ผ์ด
13:57
was to expand marine protection,
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ํ•ด์–‘ ๋ณดํ˜ธ ํ™•๋Œ€๋กœ,
13:59
from four percent of our oceans to 43 percent within one government,
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ํ•œ ์ •๊ถŒ ๋™์•ˆ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋‹ค๊ฐ€ 4%์—์„œ 43%๋กœ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์—ฌ
14:02
which is the largest leap.
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ ํญ์„ ๋ณด์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋ณดํ˜ธ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ ๋ณผ ๋•Œ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ๊ณผ์˜ ๋น„๊ต๋Š” ์˜ค๋ฐ”๋งˆ ์‹œ์ ˆ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:04
There's only comparison to the US during Obama in terms of protection.
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14:08
And this is because we want this population also to recover.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ด ๊ฐœ์ฒด ์ˆ˜ ๋˜ํ•œ ํšŒ๋ณตํ•˜๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋Š” ์ด์œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:13
You know, when you let the park stop fishing,
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๊ณต์›์—์„œ ๋‚š์‹œ๋ฅผ ๊ธˆ์ง€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์‹œํ‚ค๋ฉด
14:18
the overflow from the fishing
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๊ทธ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์ดˆ๊ณผ๋ถ„์— ์˜ํ•ด
14:21
will actually increase the biomass sixfold.
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ƒ๋ฌผ๋Ÿ‰์ด 6๋ฐฐ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ์šธ์—ฌ์•ผ ํ•  ๋…ธ๋ ฅ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๊ฐ€
14:24
So I think one of the efforts that we need to do
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๋‚ด๋…„์— ์žˆ์„ ์ƒ๋ฌผ ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ ์กฐ์•ฝ์—
14:27
as we talk about the biodiversity convention
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14:29
that's going to happen this next year
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๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
14:31
is that we need to change our relationship to the environment.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์™€ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์ด ๋งบ์€ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:34
We need to protect and conserve our ecosystems,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ƒํƒœ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ณด์กดํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ
14:37
so they provide the services that they do today.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์•ผ ์ƒํƒœ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ํŽธ์˜๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:40
Today, 96 percent of all mammals, land mammals,
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์œก์ง€ ํฌ์œ ๋ฅ˜์˜ 96%๊ฐ€
14:44
are humans or stuff humans eat.
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์ธ๊ฐ„ ํ˜น์€ ์ธ๊ฐ„์ด ๋จน๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ณ ์ž‘ ์œก์ง€ ํฌ์œ ๋ฅ˜์˜ 4% ๋งŒ์ด ์•ผ์ƒ์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:47
Only four percent of land mammals are wild.
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14:50
When I heard that data, from "National Geographic,"
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"๋‚ด์…”๋„ ์ง€์˜ค๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”ฝ"์—์„œ ๊ทธ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ ‘ํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ
14:52
for the first time,
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์ฒ˜์Œ์—๋Š” ๋ฏฟ๊ธฐ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:53
I couldn't believe it.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ง€๊ตฌ์™€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ”๋ฒ„๋ ธ๊ณ ,
14:55
We've changed our relationship with the planet,
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14:57
and we're suffering these decisions
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์ด ๊ฒฐ์ •์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๊ณ ํ†ต๋ฐ›๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:00
because we see zoonotic diseases -- not just coronavirus --
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์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋™๋ฌผ๋งค๊ฐœ ์งˆ๋ณ‘๋„
15:03
spread time after time.
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๋งค๋ฒˆ ํ™•์‚ฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:08
WPR: And we have Bruno here -- hi, Bruno -- with a question from the community.
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WPR: ์ง€์—ญ์‚ฌํšŒ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜จ ๋ธŒ๋ฃจ๋…ธ๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š” ๋ธŒ๋ฃจ๋…ธ.
๋ธŒ๋ฃจ๋…ธ ์ฅฌ์‹ธ๋‹ˆ((BG): ์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”, ๋ฐ˜๊ฐ‘์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๋งˆ๋ฅด์…€๋กœ.
15:12
Bruno Giussani: Hi. Absolutely. Hello, Marcelo.
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๋ฉœ๋ฆฌ์‚ฌ ๋งˆํ˜ธ๋‹ˆ์˜ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:14
This is a question from Melissa Mahoney.
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ํƒ„์†Œ ๋ฐฐ์ถœ๋Ÿ‰ ์ˆœ 0๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ์ด์ต์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด
15:17
She asks if you can expand on what economic benefits
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๋” ์ƒ์„ธํžˆ ๋งํ•ด์ฃผ์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๊ถ๊ธˆํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:21
of net-zero emissions are.
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15:24
And especially, could those benefits be the same for Chile
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํŠนํžˆ, ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ด์ต์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์—์„œ๋„
15:27
and for other countries?
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์น ๋ ˆ์™€ ๊ฐ™์„๊นŒ์š”?
MM: ์ข‹์€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:31
MM: Good.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์„ธ๊ณ„์€ํ–‰์—์„œ ์ผํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ,
15:32
For example, when I worked in the World Bank,
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์น ๋ ˆ๊ฐ€ ์ˆœ 0 ๋ชฉํ‘œ์˜ ๊ฑฐ์‹œ์  ๊ฒฝ์ œ ํšจ๊ณผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด
15:34
we supported Chile to look into the macroeconomic impacts
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15:37
of the net-zero target.
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์กฐ์‚ฌํ•˜๋„๋ก ์ง€์›ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์น ๋ ˆ๊ฐ€ 4.4% ๋” ์„ฑ์žฅํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:39
And it was shown that Chile will grow 4.4 percent more.
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15:43
So we turned the risk of climate change,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ธฐํ›„๋ณ€ํ™”์˜ ์œ„ํ—˜์„ ๋Œ๋ ค๋†“์•˜๊ณ 
15:46
and we turned it into an opportunity of expanded growth.
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์„ฑ์žฅ ํ™•๋Œ€์˜ ๊ธฐํšŒ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊พธ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:49
This manifests in lower transportation costs,
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์ด๋Š” ๋” ๋‚ฎ์€ ์šด์†ก๋น„์™€
15:52
lower energy costs,
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์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๋น„์šฉ์œผ๋กœ ๋ช…ํ™•ํžˆ ๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ,
15:54
and this makes the economy more competitive.
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๋” ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ๋ ฅ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:57
The costs of reaching the net-zero target
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์ˆœ 0 ๋ชฉํ‘œ ๋„๋‹ฌ ๋น„์šฉ์ด
16:00
are much lower than the benefits that we will have to reap.
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๊ทธ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๊ฑฐ๋‘ฌ๋“ค์ด๋Š” ๋น„์šฉ๋ณด๋‹ค ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ๋‚ฎ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:06
And we're not even talking about cleaner air benefits,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋” ๋ง‘์€ ๊ณต๊ธฐ์˜ ์ด์ต๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
ํˆฌ์ž ์ฆ๊ฐ€๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์ง์ ‘์ ์ธ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ์ด์ต์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋„ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:09
we're talking about direct economic benefits
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16:11
of having increased investments,
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์ด๋Š” ์š”์ฆ˜ COVID ์œ„๊ธฐ์—์„œ ํšŒ๋ณตํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‚˜๋ผ์—์„œ
16:13
which is something that every country will require in these years
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16:16
to recover from the COVID crisis,
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ํ•„์š”๋กœ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฉฐ
๋” ๋‚ฎ์€ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๋น„์šฉ๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:18
and lower energy costs.
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16:19
So that's how it manifests,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฉฐ,
16:20
and this is a consensus today
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๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์žฌ์ƒ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ํ™•๋ณดํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š”
16:22
that we need to have more renewable energy
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ ์˜ ํ•ฉ์˜๋กœ
์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋” ๋ง‘์€ ๊ณต๊ธฐ์™€ ๋” ๋‚ฎ์€ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๋น„์šฉ์„
16:25
because this is the way that we've had cleaner air and lower energy costs.
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ํ™•๋ณดํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:30
BG: There is another question from someone in the audience, asking,
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BG: ๋ฐฉ์ฒญ๊ฐ ์ค‘์— ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ž๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:37
"Countries across Latin America have very different attitudes on climate.
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"๋ผํ‹ด ์•„๋ฉ”๋ฆฌ์นด ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋“ค์€ ๊ธฐํ›„์— ๊ด€ํ•ด ์•„์ฃผ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:42
Can you comment on that?"
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๊ทธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋…ผํ‰ํ•ด์ฃผ์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?"
16:44
MM: So Pew Research Center has been putting out reports
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MM: ํ“จ ๋ฆฌ์„œ์น˜ ์„ผํ„ฐ์—์„œ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์™ธ๋ถ€ ์œ„ํ˜‘์— ๊ด€ํ•œ
16:48
regarding what is the main external threat that you have.
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๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐœํ–‰ํ•ด์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:52
And in Europe, in the US,
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์œ ๋Ÿฝ๊ณผ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ,
16:54
the biggest threat was either China or ISIS
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ์œ„ํ˜‘์€ ์ค‘๊ตญ ๋˜๋Š” ISIS
16:57
or some external bellicose threat.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ค ์™ธ๋ถ€์˜ ํ˜ธ์ „์ ์ธ ์œ„ํ˜‘์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:59
In Latin America and Africa, it's climate change, number one,
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๋ผํ‹ด ์•„๋ฉ”๋ฆฌ์นด์™€ ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ธฐํ›„๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ 1์œ„์ด๋ฉฐ
17:03
and Chile is one of the highest, with 86 percent of Chileans
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์น ๋ ˆ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์˜์‹์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋†’์€ ๋‚˜๋ผ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋กœ 86%์— ๋‹ฌํ•˜๋Š” ์น ๋ ˆ์ธ์ด
17:06
saying that climate change is the greatest external threat.
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๊ธฐํ›„๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ์™ธ๋ถ€ ์œ„ํ˜‘์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ธ์‹์€ ๊ทธ ์ง€์—ญ ์ „์ฒด์—์„œ๋„ ์•„์ฃผ ๋†’์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:10
And this is also very high across the region.
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17:14
We could have populist governments coming in, changing their priorities,
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์น ๋ ˆ๋Š” ํฌํ“ฐ๋ฆฌ์ŠคํŠธ ์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ๋“ค์–ด์„ฐ๊ณ  ์ •๋ถ€์˜ ์šฐ์„ ์ˆœ์œ„๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ”๋€Œ์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
17:18
but the reality is, people are concerned,
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์ •์ž‘ ํ˜„์‹ค์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ 
17:20
because they see the threat of climate change every day,
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์ด๋Š” ๋งค์ผ ์ ‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐํ›„๋ณ€ํ™”์˜ ์œ„ํ˜‘ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋ฉฐ
17:23
and regardless of whether the national government believes in it,
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์ค‘์•™์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ฏฟ๊ฑด ๋ง๊ฑด ์ƒ๊ด€์—†์ด
๊ธฐํ›„๋ณ€ํ™”๋Š” ํ˜„์‹ค์ด๋ฉฐ
17:26
climate change is real
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17:27
and is causing impacts and causing poverty in the region.
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์ง€์—ญ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ผ์น˜๊ณ  ๋นˆ๊ณค์„ ๋ถˆ๋Ÿฌ์˜ค๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
BG: ๊ณ ๋ง™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ๋งˆ๋ฅด์…€๋กœ. ํœ˜ํŠธ๋‹ˆ, ๊ณ„์†ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
17:32
BG: Thank you, Marcelo. Back to you, Whitney.
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17:34
WPR: Thank you. Thank you, Bruno.
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WPR: ๊ณ ๋ง™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๋ธŒ๋ฃจ๋…ธ.
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ๋ฅด์…€๋กœ, ์ž‘๋ณ„์ธ์‚ฌ ์ „์— ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์งˆ๋ฌธ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ๋“œ๋ฆด๊ฒŒ์š”.
17:36
And Marcelo, just one last question before we actually say goodbye,
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17:40
which is just, knowing that you were involved in the negotiations
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์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์ด ํŒŒ๋ฆฌ ํ˜‘์ •์˜ ํ˜‘์ƒ์— ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ
17:43
for the Paris Agreement,
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์•Œ๊ณ  ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ธ๋ฐ์š”.
17:45
are there things that you take from that experience
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๊ทธ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ ์ค‘์—
17:47
that you can apply to this moment
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์ด ์œ„๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ 
17:49
as we think about emerging from this crisis
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COVID-19 ํŒ๋ฐ๋ฏน์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋น ์ ธ๋‚˜์˜ฌ ๊ถ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ด ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์—
17:52
and coming out of the COVID-19 pandemic?
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์ ์šฉํ•  ๋งŒํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
17:56
MM: Yes,
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MM: ๋„ค,
17:57
that there will always be a populist that will be opposing climate action,
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๊ธฐํ›„ ํ–‰๋™์— ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํ•˜๋Š” ํฌํ“ฐ๋ฆฌ์ŠคํŠธ๋Š” ์–ธ์ œ๋‚˜ ์กด์žฌํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ 
18:01
and the way to get at this is to make the economic case,
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๊ธฐํ›„ ํ–‰๋™์— ๋‹ค๊ฐ€๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:04
so regardless of what happens,
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๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋“ ์ง€ ๊ด€๊ณ„์—†์ด,
18:06
there will be an economic case for spending on renewable energy.
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์žฌ์ƒ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ์†Œ๋น„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์ œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋ฏธ๊ตญ์€ ์ž‘๋…„์— ์žฌ์ƒ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ํˆฌ์ž๋ฅผ ์•ฝ 40% ๋Š˜๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:10
The US grew its renewable energy investments around 40 percent last year.
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๋ธŒ๋ผ์งˆ์€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ 10%๋ฅผ ๋Š˜๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:14
In Brazil, it grew almost 10 percent.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ
18:16
And so therefore, if we are able to align the economic goals
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๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ชฉํ‘œ์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์กฐ์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
18:19
with climate goals,
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์ด๋ฅผ ์ง„์ฒ™์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:20
you will be able to make this go forward.
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18:22
There's the Network for Greening the Financial System
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๋…น์ƒ‰๊ธˆ์œต๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ(Network for Greening the Financial System)๋ผ๋Š”
18:26
that puts together central bankers.
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์ค‘์•™์€ํ–‰ ๊ฐ„๋ถ€๋“ค์ด ๋ชจ์ธ ๊ณณ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:28
The World Bank launched a coalition of finance ministers for climate action.
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์„ธ๊ณ„์€ํ–‰์€ ๊ธฐํ›„ ํ–‰๋™์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์žฌ๋ฌด์žฅ๊ด€๋“ค์˜ ์—ฐํ•ฉ์ฒด๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ์กฑํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:32
These are great efforts
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์ด๋Š” ๋Œ€๋‹จํ•œ ํ™œ๋™์ด๋ฉฐ
18:34
that will allow us to have the financial system support climate action
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๊ธฐํ›„ ํ–‰๋™์„ ์ง€์›ํ•ด ์ค„ ๊ธˆ์œต ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ
18:39
because there's an economic benefit,
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๊ธฐํ›„ ํ™œ๋™์—๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ์ด์ต์ด ์žˆ๊ณ 
18:41
because it's important for you, for your fiduciary responsibilities,
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๋‹น์‹ ๊ณผ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ˆ˜ํƒ ์ฑ…์ž„์„ ์œ„ํ•ด
๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณผ๋„๊ธฐ์ ์ด๊ณ  ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์ ์ธ ์œ„ํ˜‘์„
18:45
to disclose the risks you have,
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18:47
both transitionally and physically.
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๋ฐํžˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:49
And if we are able to do this,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
18:50
regardless of what negotiations happen,
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์–ด๋–ค ํ˜‘์ƒ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋“ ์ง€ ์ƒ๊ด€์—†์ด
ํ•ฉ์˜์—๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ 
18:53
because there will always be problems with the consensus,
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18:57
you will continue to have a resilient approach
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ํƒ„๋ ฅ์ ์ธ ์ ‘๊ทผ์„ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:00
because climate action will continue
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด, ๊ธฐํ›„ ํ–‰๋™์€ ๊ณ„์†๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ 
19:02
because you can have the economic system support this.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋’ท๋ฐ›์นจํ•  ๊ฒฝ์ œ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:06
WPR: That's really great.
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WPR: ์ •๋ง ๋Œ€๋‹จํ•˜๋„ค์š”.
19:07
Thank you so much, Marcelo, for being with us
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๋งˆ๋ฅด์…€๋กœ, ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ
๊ด€์ ๊ณผ ํ†ต์ฐฐ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•ด์ฃผ์…”์„œ ์ •๋ง ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ด์š”.
19:10
to share your perspective and your insight.
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์น ๋ ˆ์—์„œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ๊ณผ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘์—๊ฒŒ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ
19:12
It's really great to sort of zoom in on some of the things happening in Chile
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19:15
and how that might apply to all of us all over the world.
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์ ์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์ด์„œ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋‹ˆ ์ •๋ง ์ข‹๊ตฐ์š”.
19:18
Thank you for joining us today.
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ•ด์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:20
MM: Thanks.
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MM: ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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