A Reframing of Masculinity, Rooted in Empathy | Gary Barker | TED

39,159 views ใƒป 2024-02-01

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์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Yeseul Kang ๊ฒ€ํ† : JY Kang
00:03
This is a hard conversation.
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๋“ฃ๊ธฐ ๋ถˆํŽธํ•œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
00:06
I want to start with that.
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๊ทธ ์ ์„ ๋จผ์ € ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆด๊ฒŒ์š”.
00:08
Well, let's step into it.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:09
It was 1977.
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๋•Œ๋Š” 1977๋…„์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:12
Jimmy Carter was president.
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์ง€๋ฏธ ์นดํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ด์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ์ฃ .
00:14
"Queen" was playing on the radio.
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๋ผ๋””์˜ค์—๋Š” ํ€ธ์˜ ๋…ธ๋ž˜๊ฐ€ ํ˜๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜์˜ค๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
00:17
I was having lunch in my high school cafeteria in Houston, Texas,
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ํ…์‚ฌ์Šค ํœด์Šคํ„ด์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต ์‹๋‹น์—์„œ ์ ์‹ฌ์„ ๋จน๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
00:21
when we heard a young man shouting at another young man next to him saying,
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ํ•œ ์•„์ด๊ฐ€ ์˜†์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์•„์ด์—๊ฒŒ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์น˜๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ ธ์–ด์š”.
00:27
โ€œYou stole my girlfriend, and Iโ€™m going to make you pay.โ€
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โ€œ๋‚ด ์—ฌ์ž ์นœ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋บ์–ด๊ฐ”์œผ๋‹ˆ ๊ทธ ๊ฐ’์„ ์น˜๋Ÿฌ์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฑฐ์•ผ.โ€
00:30
He pulled out a pistol, and as about 100 of us looked on,
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๊ทธ ์•„์ด๋Š” ๊ถŒ์ด์„ ๊บผ๋ƒˆ๊ณ , 100๋ช… ์ •๋„๊ฐ€ ์ง€์ผœ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฐ€์šด๋ฐ,
00:35
he shot and killed him.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์•„์ด์—๊ฒŒ ์ด์„ ์˜์•„ ์ฃฝ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:38
Two years later,
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2๋…„ ํ›„,
00:40
I was a freshman, big state university,
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์ €๋Š” ๋Œ€๋„์‹œ ์ฃผ๋ฆฝ๋Œ€์— ์ž…ํ•™ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
00:43
Friday night in the dorm room.
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๊ธˆ์š”์ผ ๋ฐค, ๊ธฐ์ˆ™์‚ฌ ๋ฐฉ์—์„œ ๋†€๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
00:45
Music, beer,
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์Œ์•…, ๋งฅ์ฃผ,
00:47
five young men take a young woman back to one of their rooms
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๋‹ค์„ฏ ๋ช…์˜ ์ Š์€ ๋‚จ์ž๋“ค์ด ํ•œ ์ Š์€ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์„ ๋ฐฉ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ๋ ค๊ฐ€์„œ
00:51
and force her to have sex.
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๊ฐ•์ œ๋กœ ์„ฑ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๋„๋ก ๊ฐ•์š”ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
00:54
There was no investigation at the time.
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๋‹น์‹œ์—๋Š” ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋„ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๊ณ ,
00:56
No one called it rape.
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์•„๋ฌด๋„ ๊ทธ๊ฑธ ๊ฐ•๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์ฃ .
00:58
No one said sexual violence.
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์•„๋ฌด๋„ ์„ฑํญ๋ ฅ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์–ด์š”.
01:00
These two events are what drove me to do this work.
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์ด ๋‘ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด๋“ค๋กœ ์ธํ•ด์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ด ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:06
I work with survivors of violence around the world.
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์ €๋Š” ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ํญ๋ ฅ ํ”ผํ•ด์ž๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ํ™œ๋™ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:09
It was somehow easier to work with survivors in other parts
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ํ”ผํ•ด์ž๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด
01:12
than it was to think about this in my own country, the US.
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์ œ ์กฐ๊ตญ์ธ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ์‰ฌ์—ˆ์ฃ .
01:16
And in that work, a throughline became clear.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ํ™œ๋™์„ ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์ด ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:20
And that throughline is manhood.
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๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์€ ๋ฐ”๋กœ โ€˜๋‚จ์„ฑ์„ฑโ€™์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:23
It is an inconvenient and difficult-to-look-at truth,
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๋ถˆํŽธํ•˜๊ณ  ์ง๋ฉดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ์ง„์‹ค์ด์ง€๋งŒ,
01:28
but the majority of violence in the world is carried out by men.
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์ด ์„ธ์ƒ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ํญ๋ ฅ์€ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์— ์˜ํ•ด ์žํ–‰๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:32
Since that shooting in my high school,
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๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต ๋•Œ ์ด๊ฒฉ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด ์ดํ›„๋กœ
01:36
at least 800,000 people have died from gun suicide in the US alone.
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ๋งŒ ์ตœ์†Œ 80๋งŒ ๋ช…์ด ์ด๊ธฐ ์ž์‚ด๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:42
The vast majority of those, men.
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๊ทธ์ค‘ ๋Œ€๋‹ค์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋‚จ์ž์˜€์ฃ .
01:45
About 600,000 people have died of homicide in the US alone.
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ๋งŒ ์•ฝ 60๋งŒ ๋ช…์ด ์‚ด์ธ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
01:50
The vast majority of those who did the killing were men.
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์‚ด์ธ์„ ์ €์ง€๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ๋Œ€๋‹ค์ˆ˜๋Š” ๋‚จ์„ฑ์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
01:54
One in three women in the world experiences violence from a male partner.
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์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์—ฌ์„ฑ 3๋ช… ์ค‘ 1๋ช…์€ ์—ฐ์ธ์ธ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์˜ ํญ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:00
Violence is overwhelmingly male.
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ํญ๋ ฅ์€ ์••๋„์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:02
Often, the point will come up,
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์ข…์ข… ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:04
this must be biology.
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์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™์  ์ฐจ์ด ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
02:06
Yes, biology accounts for a small portion of it,
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๋„ค, ์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™๋„ ์ผ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ,
02:09
but the vast majority is how we raise boys.
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‚จ์ž ์•„์ด๋ฅผ ํ‚ค์šฐ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:14
Research that we do --
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์ €ํฌ ์กฐ์‚ฌ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด,
02:15
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
02:20
Research that we've carried out finds that about --
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์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•œ ๋ฐ”์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด,
02:23
and we ask this in multiple countries --
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋‚˜๋ผ๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ,
02:25
about two thirds of men tell us
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๋‚จ์„ฑ์˜ ์•ฝ 3๋ถ„์˜ 2๊ฐ€
02:27
that during childhood they experienced physical violence from another male.
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์–ด๋ฆฐ ์‹œ์ ˆ์— ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹ ์ฒด์  ํญ๋ ฅ์„ ๋‹นํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:32
You do not get to adult manhood in most of the world without experiencing,
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์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋‚จ์„ฑ ํญ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•˜๊ณ ,
02:36
witnessing and learning male violence.
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๋ชฉ๊ฒฉํ•˜๊ณ , ๋ฐฐ์šฐ์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ ๋Š” ์„ฑ์ธ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:41
Now, when I bring these points up, several things often happen.
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์ž, ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฐ˜์‘์ด ์ข…์ข… ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:44
One is someone will say, well, you're attacking men.
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์–ด๋–ค ๋ถ„์€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋‚จ์ž๋ฅผ ๊ณต๊ฒฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜์ฃ .
02:47
Someone will also say, well,
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๋˜ ์–ด๋–ค ๋ถ„์€,
02:49
you're apologizing for men as you look at these origins of violence.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ํญ๋ ฅ์˜ ๊ทผ์›์„ ๋ฐํž˜์œผ๋กœ์จ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์„ ๋Œ€ํ‘œํ•ด ์‚ฌ๊ณผํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜์ฃ .
02:52
We've got to talk about this.
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์ด ์–˜๊ธฐ ์ข€ ํ•ด๋ด์•ผ๊ฒ ๋„ค์š”.
02:54
We have to understand what are these pathways to men's use of violence
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๋‚จ์„ฑ์ด ํญ๋ ฅ์„ ํ–‰์‚ฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š”์ง€ ์ดํ•ดํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:58
if we're to break these cycles of violence.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ํญ๋ ฅ์˜ ์•…์ˆœํ™˜์„ ๋Š์œผ๋ ค๋ฉด ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
03:02
This conversation must be about the version of manhood
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์ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‚จ์ž์• ๋“คํ•œํ…Œ ์ฃผ์ž…์‹์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š”
03:05
we literally beat in to boys.
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๋‚จ์„ฑ์„ฑ์˜ ๋ชจ์Šต์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ผ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:08
My organization, Equimundo, does research around the world on these topics.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์†ํ•œ ๋‹จ์ฒด์ธ โ€˜์—ํ€ด๋ฌธ๋„(Equimundo)โ€™๋Š”
์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ฃผ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:13
We listen to men, we carry out research
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‚จ์„ฑ์˜ ๋ง์„ ๋“ฃ๊ณ ,
03:15
together with the UN, country governments, local partners.
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UN, ์ •๋ถ€ ๊ธฐ๊ด€, ์ง€์—ญ ํ˜‘๋ ฅ ๋‹จ์ฒด๋“ค๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:20
We've been measuring over the last 10 to 12 years
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์ €ํฌ๋Š” ์ง€๋‚œ 10๋…„์—์„œ 12๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ
03:23
where men are on these versions of manhood.
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๋‚จ์„ฑ๋“ค์˜ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ธ์‹ ์ˆ˜์ค€์„ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•ด ๋ดค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:27
This won't surprise you,
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๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ˆ˜์น˜๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ ๋†€๋ž์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:29
as we look at some of the numbers.
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03:31
About 40 to 50 percent of men in the world
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์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์˜ ์•ฝ 40~ 50%๋Š”
03:34
believe in a version of manhood that goes like this:
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๋‚จ์„ฑ์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:37
Iโ€™ve got to outperform the other at all cost.
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์–ด๋–ค ๋Œ€๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์น˜๋ฅด๋”๋ผ๋„ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ์ž˜ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.
03:41
I canโ€™t show that Iโ€™m vulnerable or ask for help.
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๋‚˜์•ฝํ•œ ๋ชจ์Šต์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์„œ๋Š” ์•ˆ ๋˜๊ณ  ๋„์›€์„ ์ฒญํ•ด์„œ๋„ ์•ˆ ๋œ๋‹ค.
03:44
That sex is about conquest, not about intimacy and connection.
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์„ฑ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Š” ์ •๋ณตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ง€ ์นœ๋ฐ€๊ฐ์ด๋‚˜ ์œ ๋Œ€๊ฐ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:49
That youโ€™ve got to show that youโ€™re tough all the time.
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ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊ฐ•์ธํ•œ ๋ชจ์Šต์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํญ๋ ฅ์€ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ•ฉ๋ฆฌ์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด๋‹ค.
03:52
And that violence is a reasonable way to get what you want.
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์ด๊ฑด ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๋นˆ๋ง์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์—์š”.
03:55
These are not just empty phrases.
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03:56
These are things that men talk about.
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๋‚จ์ž๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์–˜๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ ,
03:59
They create realities.
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๊ทธ ๋ง๋Œ€๋กœ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:02
The other thing we find is that the more you believe in these norms,
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๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์€ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ทœ๋ฒ”๊ณผ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์„ฑ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ด€๋…์„ ๋ฏฟ์„์ˆ˜๋ก
04:05
these ideas about manhood,
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04:06
you are multiple times more likely to do this:
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ํ–‰๋™๋“ค์„ ํ•  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋ช‡ ๋ฐฐ๋‚˜ ๋†’๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:10
to have considered suicide,
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์ž์‚ด์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ , ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ํญ๋ ฅ์„ ํ–‰์‚ฌํ•˜๊ณ , ์ž์‹ ์„ ํ•ด์น˜๊ณ ,
04:11
to use violence against others, to harm yourself
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04:14
and to harm others in multiple ways.
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๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ํ•ด๋ฅผ ์ž…ํžˆ๋Š” ํ–‰๋™์„ ํ•˜์ฃ .
04:16
These norms affect us, they cause harm.
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ทœ๋ฒ”์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๊ณ  ํ•ด๋ฅผ ๋ผ์นฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:21
Now I realize I'm doing in that last affirmation
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๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์— ๋‹จ์–ธํ•˜๋“ฏ์ด ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ ์•„์ฐจ ์‹ถ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
04:24
something that I said I wasn't going to do in this talk,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ด ๊ฐ•์—ฐ์—์„œ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ ค ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋„ค์š”.
04:26
which is women know this.
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์—ฌ์„ฑ๋ถ„๋“ค๋„ ์ด๋ฏธ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์š”.
04:28
And when a man explains to women something they already know,
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์—ฌ์„ฑ๋„ ์ด๋ฏธ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋ ค ๋“ค ๋•Œ
04:31
we have a word for that.
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๊ฑฐ๋“ค๋จน๊ฑฐ๋ฆฐ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜์ฃ .
04:32
I'm not going to do that.
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์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
04:34
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
04:35
I'm not going to do that, OK?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿด ์ƒ๊ฐ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ์•Œ๊ฒ ์ฃ ?
04:36
Pull that back.
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์ œ ๋ง์€ ์ผ๋‹จ ์ทจ์†Œํ• ๊ฒŒ์š”.
04:38
What I do want is to get men talking about this.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฑด ๋‚จ์ž๋“ค์ด ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์–˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
04:42
So call this โ€œmansplaining to men.โ€
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ โ€œ๋‚จ์ž๋“ค๋ผ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋Œ€ํ™”โ€œ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ด๋‘์ฃ .
04:44
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
04:48
Thank you for that,
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๊ณ ๋งˆ์›Œ์š”.
04:49
because I don't get a lot of men inviting me to the bar
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์ˆ ์ง‘์—์„œ ์ €์™€ ํ„ฐ๋†“๊ณ  ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‚จ์ž๋“ค์ด
04:52
when I have these conversations, so thank you.
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๋ณ„๋กœ ์—†์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”. ๊ณ ๋ง™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:54
Thank you for that love.
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๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘์— ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ด์š”.
04:56
What I do often bring up with men,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋‚จ์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ž์ฃผ ๊บผ๋‚ด๋Š” ์–˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์‹œ๋ฉด
04:58
and you could see why they find me kind of inconvenient to have around,
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์™œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์ €๋ฅผ ๋ถˆํŽธํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋А๋ผ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
05:02
is I'll say, men, we die, on average, six years earlier than women in the US.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋‚จ์„ฑ๋“ค์€ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์— ๋น„ํ•ด ํ‰๊ท  6๋…„ ์ผ์ฐ ์‚ฌ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:06
Around the rest of the world, pretty similar numbers.
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์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‚˜๋ผ์—์„œ๋„ ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ์ˆ˜์น˜์ฃ .
05:09
Why is that?
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์™œ ๊ทธ๋Ÿด๊นŒ์š”?
05:10
Part of that's biology, we know this.
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์•„์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ ์ผ๋ถ€ ์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™์  ์ด์œ ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:12
The female body is a better model.
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์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜ ๋ชธ์ด ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ๋ชจ๋ธ์ด๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
05:14
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
05:15
(Cheers and applause)
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(ํ™˜ํ˜ธ์™€ ๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
05:19
Let us acknowledge that.
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์ธ์ •ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
05:20
The vast majority of this, though, is how we live as men.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์œผ๋กœ์„œ ์‚ด์•„๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:24
What we drink, what we smoke, how we drive,
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๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๋งˆ์‹œ๊ณ , ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ”ผ์šฐ๋ฉฐ, ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์šด์ „ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€,
05:26
the harm we put ourselves in the way of,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ž์‹ ์„ ๊ฐ€๋กœ๋ง‰๋Š” ํ•ด๋กœ์›€,
05:28
the drugs that we take,
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๋ณต์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์•ฝ๋ฌผ,
05:30
how we literally live as men.
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๋ง ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์œผ๋กœ์„œ ์‚ถ์˜ ๋ฐฉ์‹ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
05:33
Of course it interacts with racism, with where you live, with poverty,
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ธ์ข…์ฐจ๋ณ„, ๊ฑฐ์ฃผ ์ง€์—ญ, ๋นˆ๊ณค๊ณผ๋„ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
05:37
but we're literally dying of manhood.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ง ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์„ฑ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ฃฝ์–ด๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:40
Women pick up the pieces when men die early.
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๋‚จ์ž๊ฐ€ ์ผ์ฐ ์ฃฝ์œผ๋ฉด ์—ฌ์ž๋Š” ์ •์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:43
They are the ones who do the care, who carry on households,
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์ž์‹ ์„ ๋Œ๋ณด๊ณ , ์ง‘์•ˆ ์‚ด๋ฆผ๋„ ํ•˜๊ณ ,
05:46
who carry on in countries when men die.
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๊ณ„์† ๋ฒ„ํ‹ฐ๋ฉฐ ์‚ด์•„๊ฐ€๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜์ฃ .
05:49
This affects us all.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘์—๊ฒŒ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์นฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:51
My daughter, when she was 12, 13, middle school, she said,
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์ œ ๋”ธ์ด 12์‚ด, 13์‚ด ์ฏค ์ค‘ํ•™์ƒ์ด์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ, ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•œ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
05:54
"Dad, girls are talking a lot about empowered womanhood
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โ€œ์•„๋น , ์—ฌ์ž์• ๋“ค์€ ๋‹น๋‹นํ•œ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งŽ์ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜์ž–์•„์š”.
05:57
and how we can be in the world.
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์„ธ์ƒ์—์„œ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜ ์—ญํ• ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋„์š”.
05:59
But the boys seem kind of lost.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‚จ์ž์• ๋“ค์€ ๊ฐˆํ”ผ๋ฅผ ๋ชป ์žก๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
06:00
Could you come and give a talk at school about this?"
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ํ•™๊ต์— ์™€์„œ ์ด ์–˜๊ธฐ ์ข€ ํ•ด ์ค„๋ž˜์š”?โ€
06:03
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
06:05
So, for better or worse, I started with this example.
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์ข‹๋“  ๋‚˜์˜๋“  ์ €๋Š” ์ด ์˜ˆ์‹œ๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
06:09
The boys' eyes were going up,
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๋‚จ์ž์• ๋“ค์€ ๋ˆˆ์ด ํœ˜๋‘ฅ๊ทธ๋ ˆ์ง€๋ฉฐ
06:10
"Wait, I never thought about the fact
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โ€œ์ž ๊น, ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ด์œ ๋“ค ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
06:12
that I could die on average earlier than women because of all these reasons."
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์—ฌ์ž๋“ค๋ณด๋‹ค ์ผ์ฐ ์ฃฝ์„์ง€ ๋ชฐ๋ž์–ดโ€œ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋”๊ตฐ์š”.
06:17
Next day I get a letter, a note from one of the boys
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋‚  ๋”ธ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ ํ•œ ๋‚จ์ž์•„์ด์˜ ํŽธ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•˜๋Š”๋ฐ,
06:19
who gave it to my daughter to give to me,
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06:21
and I opened it up and it said, โ€œDear Dr. Barker,
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์—ด์–ด๋ณด๋‹ˆ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋‚ด์šฉ์ด์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
โ€œ์นœ์• ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”์ปค ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๋‹˜, ์ •๋ณด ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:24
thank you for that information.
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06:25
I never thought about how we as men are affected by these things.
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์ €๋Š” ๋‚จ์ž๋“ค์ด ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฐ›๋Š”์ง€ ์ „ํ˜€ ๋ชฐ๋ž์–ด์š”.
06:28
Only now, I'm worried about dying."
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์ด์ œ์„œ์•ผ ์ฃฝ์„๊นŒ๋ด ๊ฑฑ์ •๋ผ์š”.โ€
06:31
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
06:32
(Exhales sharply)
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(๊นŠ์€ ํ•œ์ˆจ)
06:34
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
06:36
I am a developmental psychologist,
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์ €๋Š” ๋ฐœ๋‹ฌ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌํ•™์ž์˜ˆ์š”.
06:38
and I should know a little bit more
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—ด๋‘ ์‚ด์งœ๋ฆฌ ์•„์ด์—๊ฒŒ
06:39
than having a 12-year-old think about his own mortality.
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์ฃฝ์Œ์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์•Œ์•„์•ผ ํ•˜์ฃ .
06:42
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
06:44
Trying to get some help for that myself.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ €๋„ ๋„์›€์„ ๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ์ค‘์ด์—์š”.
06:47
The point was, he got it.
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์–ด์จŒ๋“  ์š”์ ์€, ๊ทธ ์• ๊ฐ€ ์ดํ•ดํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜€์–ด์š”.
06:49
And that is what we need men to think about.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋‚จ์ž๋“ค์ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ด์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
06:51
This pathway is how to step into
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:54
how we as men are part of this conversation
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋‚จ์„ฑ๋“ค์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋‚˜๋ˆ ์•ผ ํ• ์ง€,
06:56
and how we benefit from it.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๋Œ€ํ™”๋กœ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋” ๋‚˜์•„์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
06:58
OK, risk of mansplaining here.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋‚จ์ž๋“ค์˜ ๋Œ€ํ™”์—๋„ ๋งน์ ์ด ์žˆ๋„ค์š”.
07:00
You know where men are having these conversations if we don't talk to them.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์–˜๊ธฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด ๋‚จ์ž๋“ค์ด ์–ด๋””์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„๊ณ  ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”.
07:03
Young men right now are having these conversations online.
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์ง€๊ธˆ ์ Š์€ ๋‚จ์„ฑ๋“ค์€ ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ์—์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:07
There is an explosion of conversations about manhood online.
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์˜จ๋ผ์ธ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋‚จ์„ฑ์„ฑ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋Œ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ํญ๋ฐœ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:10
Some of them are good.
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๊ทธ ์ค‘์—๋Š” ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€ ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:12
How much water to drink,
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๋ฌผ์„ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋งˆ์…”์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€, ์–ด๋–ค ์šด๋™์„ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€,
07:13
the exercise you should carry out,
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07:15
how can I get close to somebody I'm interested in.
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๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๊ณผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์›Œ์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด์ฃ .
07:18
Thatโ€™s guys trying to be their best selves.
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๊ทธ ๋‚จ์ž๋“ค์€ ์ตœ์„ ์„ ๋‹คํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
07:20
But thereโ€™s a huge amount of it thatโ€™s fed by an industry
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฌ์„ฑํ˜์˜ค์ฃผ์˜์ž์™€ ๋ถ„๋…ธํ•œ ์ธํ”Œ๋ฃจ์–ธ์„œ๋“ค์ด ๋ชจ์ธ ์—…๊ณ„์—์„œ
07:24
of misogynist and angry influencers
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๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š” ๋…ผ์˜๋“ค๋„ ์–ด๋งˆ์–ด๋งˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:27
who are getting the attention of young men.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์ Š์€ ๋‚จ์„ฑ๋“ค์˜ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๋Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์ฃ .
07:29
Our research finds that 40 to 50 percent of young men in the US
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์ €ํฌ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ฒญ๋…„์˜ 40~ 50%๊ฐ€
07:33
say they trust one or more of those negative voices online.
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์˜จ๋ผ์ธ์—์„œ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๋ชฉ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ์ด์ƒ ์‹ ๋ขฐํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋‹ตํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:37
Why are they going there?
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์™œ ๊ทธ๊ณณ์— ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฑธ๊นŒ์š”?
07:38
They are lost,
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์–ด์ฐŒํ•  ๋ฐ”๋ฅผ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ณ ,
07:40
they are struggling, they're confused.
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์–ด๋ ค์›€์„ ๊ฒช๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ , ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:42
Other data that we have,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ž๋ฃŒ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด,
07:44
almost 50 percent of men in the US
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์˜ ๊ฑฐ์˜ 50% ๊ฐ€ ์ž์‚ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ž์ฃผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:46
say they think about suicide frequently.
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07:50
About two thirds of young men tell us that "no one really knows me."
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์ Š์€ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์˜ ์•ฝ 3๋ถ„์˜ 2๊ฐ€
โ€œ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์ •๋ง๋กœ ์•„๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์•„๋ฌด๋„ ์—†๋‹คโ€๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:54
What a call and a cry about loneliness in their lives.
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๋‚จ์„ฑ๋“ค์˜ ์‚ถ์— ๊นƒ๋“  ์™ธ๋กœ์›€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์™ธ์นจ์€ ์ฐธ์œผ๋กœ ๋†€๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:00
If we don't reach out, they will continue to find solace online
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์†์„ ๋‚ด๋ฐ€์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ณ„์† ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ์—์„œ ์œ„์•ˆ์„ ์ฐพ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:05
with the voices that we well know about.
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋ญ”์ง€๋Š” ๋ป”ํ•˜์ฃ .
08:08
For young men of color, these issues are even more acute.
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์œ ์ƒ‰์ธ์ข… ๋‚จ์„ฑ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:12
Job uncertainties, education, systemic racism.
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์ง์—…์˜ ๋ถˆํ™•์‹ค์„ฑ, ๊ต์œก, ์กฐ์ง์ ์ธ ์ธ์ข…์ฐจ๋ณ„์ด ๋”ํ•ด์ ธ์„œ์š”.
08:17
One young man that we worked with in Washington, DC,
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์›Œ์‹ฑํ„ด DC์—์„œ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ผํ–ˆ๋˜ ํ•œ ์ Š์€์ด๋Š”
08:19
when he was part of a training activity to carry out work in schools,
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ํ•™๊ต ์—…๋ฌด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ํ›ˆ๋ จ ๊ณผ์ •์— ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
08:23
as we're going through the training of trainers, he said,
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๊ทธ ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:26
"Gary, these ideas of manhood that you talk about,
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โ€œ๊ฒŒ๋ฆฌ, ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋‚จ์„ฑ์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์€
08:28
for a white guy like you, it's like the flu.
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๋‹น์‹  ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฐฑ์ธ์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ๋…๊ฐ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
08:32
For me as a Black guy, this is pneumonia."
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๊ทผ๋ฐ ํ‘์ธ์ธ ์ €ํ•œํ…Œ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒŒ ํ๋ ด์ด๋‚˜ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์˜ˆ์š”.โ€
08:36
I think that's an excellent point to think about,
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์ด๊ฑด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ด์•ผ ํ•  ์•„์ฃผ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ํฌ์ธํŠธ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด์š”.
08:38
the compassion that we have to step into
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์ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„๋ฉด์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์•ผ ํ•  ์—ฐ๋ฏผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ์š”.
08:40
as we have this conversation.
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08:42
And this is where I want to take the last point here.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์š”์ ์„ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:46
We have to talk about care.
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โ€˜๋ณด์‚ดํ•Œโ€™์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์–˜๊ธฐํ•ด ๋ด์•ผ๊ฒ ๋„ค์š”.
08:49
Care of boys, care about boys,
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์†Œ๋…„๋“ค์„ ๋ณด์‚ดํ”ผ๊ณ , ์†Œ๋…„๋“ค์„ ์ฑ™๊ฒจ์ฃผ๊ณ ,
08:51
care for men,
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๋‚จ์„ฑ๋“ค์„ ์†Œ์ค‘ํžˆ ๋Œ€ํ•ด์ฃผ๊ณ ,
08:53
and talk to boys and men about how they care.
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์†Œ๋…„๋“ค๊ณผ ๋‚จ์„ฑ๋“ค์„ ์–ด๋–ค ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์‚ดํ”ผ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋Œ€ํ™”ํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
08:56
Let me talk a little bit more about that.
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์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ข€ ๋” ์–˜๊ธฐํ•ด ๋ณผ๊ฒŒ์š”.
08:58
One of the casualties that we face
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฐ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ,
09:00
as men growing up in that version of manhood that I presented to you,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์œผ๋กœ์„œ ์ž๋ผ๋ฉด์„œ ๋งˆ์ฃผ์น˜๋Š” ํ•ด์•… ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š”
09:04
is that we make this thick shell around ourselves.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ฃผ๋ณ€์— ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋‘๊บผ์šด ๊ป๋ฐ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:08
We close off our emotions,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฐ์ •์„ ๊ฐ์ถ”๊ณ 
09:10
we close ourselves off to the human connection we need.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์ธ๊ฐ„์  ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋Š์–ด๋ฒ„๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:14
Think about what young men frequently say.
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์ Š์€์ด๋“ค์ด ์ž์ฃผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ง์„ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
09:16
I would guess, I don't know that we've asked it in a survey,
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์„ค๋ฌธ์กฐ์‚ฌ์—์„œ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€๋Š” ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ,
09:19
but one of the most frequent things that young men say,
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์ฒญ๋…„๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ž์ฃผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ง ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š”,
09:23
"I don't care."
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โ€œ๋‚œ ์ƒ๊ด€์—†์–ด.โ€ ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:24
"I don't care."
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โ€œ์ €๋Š” ์ƒ๊ด€์—†์–ด์š”.โ€
09:26
"I don't care."
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โ€œ์ƒ๊ด€ ์—†์–ด์š”.โ€
09:27
It is our perfect shell, right?
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชธ์— ๋”ฑ ๋งž๋Š” ๊ป์งˆ์ด์ฃ ?
09:29
We close ourselves behind it,
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์šฐ๋ฆฐ ๊ทธ ๊ป์งˆ ๋’ค์— ์ˆจ์–ด์„œ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜์ฃ .
09:32
and it also says, you can't shame me,
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์ฐฝํ”ผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์—†๊ณ ,
09:33
you can't question me, you can't hurt me,
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๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ์งˆ๋ฌธํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์—†๊ณ , ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ์ƒ์ฒ˜๋ฅผ ์ค„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์—†๊ณ ,
09:36
you can't embarrass me because I don't care.
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๋‹นํ™ฉ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์—†์ฃ . ์–ด์ฐจํ”ผ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ ์“ฐ์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
09:39
I said it thousands of times as a teenage boy.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์‹ญ๋Œ€ ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„์ด์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ˆ˜์ฒœ ๋ฒˆ ๋งํ•˜๊ณค ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
09:42
I'm sure my mother would have a bigger number.
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์ œ ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ๋Š” ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ๋“ค์œผ์…จ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ์š”.
09:44
And I know I've said it thousands of times as an adult man as well.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์„ฑ์ธ์ด ๋˜๊ณ  ๋‚˜์„œ๋„ ๊ทธ ๋ง์„ ์ˆ˜์ฒœ ๋ฒˆ์€ ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™๋„ค์š”.
09:47
This is the shield that we put on to close ourselves off.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ ๋ง์„ ๋ฐฉํŒจ ์‚ผ์•„ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋‹ซ์•„ ๋ฒ„๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:53
The conversation that we need to step into with boys
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์†Œ๋…„๋“ค๊ณผ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์–ด์•ผ ํ•  ๋Œ€ํ™”๋Š”
09:56
is not about their mortality,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์ฃฝ์Œ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
09:58
but it is about how we care.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์„œ๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์‚ดํ”ผ๋Š”์ง€์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:01
Where I start that conversation
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•  ๋•Œ๋Š”
10:02
is to think about our superpower as humans.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ธ๊ฐ„์ด ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์ดˆ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋จผ์ € ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด์ž๋Š” ๋ง๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:07
We are the most wired-to-care species on the planet.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ง€๊ตฌ์ƒ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์„ ์ฒœ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ณด์‚ดํ”ผ๋„๋ก ์„ค๊ณ„๋œ ์ข…์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:12
Our neurological systems, our hormonal systems,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„, ํ˜ธ๋ฅด๋ชฌ ์ฒด๊ณ„๋Š”
10:15
are wired to care, to nurture, to love,
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋Œ๋ณด๊ณ , ์–‘์œกํ•˜๊ณ , ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•˜๊ณ ,
10:19
to form attachments with others.
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์• ์ฐฉ์„ ๊ฐ–๋„๋ก ์„ค๊ณ„๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:21
But it's not automatic.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ €์ ˆ๋กœ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:24
If you don't use it, if you close it off, if you hide,
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์•ˆ ์“ฐ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, ์ฐจ๋‹จ์‹œํ‚ค๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, ์ˆจ๊ธฐ๋ฉด
10:28
you don't get good at it.
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๋Šฅ์ˆ™ํ•ด์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”.
10:29
But if you try and if you practice
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๊ณ , ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜๊ณ , ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋ฉด
10:31
and if you learn it, you do get good at it.
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์ž˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:35
Even the man who seems most cut off from the world can learn it.
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์„ธ์ƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋™๋–จ์–ด์ ธ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋„ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:39
I take you back to my high school in 1977.
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1977๋…„ ์ œ ๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต ์‹œ์ ˆ๋กœ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:44
The boy who killed the other.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ•œ ๋ช…์„ ์ฃฝ์ธ ๊ทธ ๋‚จ์ž์• ๋Š”์š”,
10:46
I didn't tell you this part, but I knew him.
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์ด ๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ ์• ๋Š” ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
10:51
Took me years to say I didn't know him well
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๊ทธ๋ฅผ ์ž˜ ๋ชจ๋ฅธ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ช‡ ๋…„์ด ๊ฑธ๋ ธ์–ด์š”.
10:54
because I didn't want to know him well.
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๊ทธ๋ฅผ ์ž˜ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
10:57
He got detention, he bullied, he got detention again,
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๊ทธ ์• ๋Š” ์ง•๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•˜๊ณ , ์™•๋”ฐ๋ฅผ ๋‹นํ–ˆ๊ณ , ๋˜ ์ง•๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•˜๊ณ ,
11:01
he didn't do well in school, he got sent away.
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ํ•™๊ต ์ƒํ™œ๋„ ์ž˜ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๊ณ , ์ซ“๊ฒจ๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:04
No one, apparently, reached out to him.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ์ง€ ์•„๋ฌด๋„ ๊ทธ์—๊ฒŒ ์†์„ ๋‚ด๋ฐ€์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์–ด์š”.
11:08
Think about what we often do when boys or men cause harm.
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๋ฌธ์ œ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‚จ์ž์• ๋‚˜ ์„ฑ์ธ ๋‚จ์ž์—๊ฒŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋Œ€ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
11:11
If you're young,
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์–ด๋ฆฐ ๋‚จ์ž์• ๋ผ๋ฉด,
11:13
we give you a time out.
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์ž ๊น์˜ ํœด์‹ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ์ฃผ์ฃ .
11:15
Get a little bit older, we give you a detention.
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๋‚˜์ด๊ฐ€ ์ข€ ๋” ๋“ค์—ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ์ง•๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์ฃผ์ฃ .
11:18
You step into the workplace,
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์ทจ์—…ํ•ด์„œ ์ง์žฅ์„ ๋‹ค๋‹Œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
11:20
you do harm, we fire you.
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๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ผ์œผํ‚ค๋ฉด ํ•ด๊ณ ์‹œํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:22
You do something else, we incarcerate you.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ง“์„ ํ–ˆ์„ ๋• ๊ฐ์˜ฅ์— ๊ฐ€๋‘์ฃ .
11:26
These acts are often necessary to reduce harm,
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ํ–‰์œ„๋“ค์€ ํ”ผํ•ด๋ฅผ ์ค„์ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ•„์š”ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ,
11:30
but they cut men off from the connection and humanity that we need,
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ์—๋Š” ๋‚จ์„ฑ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์ธ๊ฐ„๊ด€๊ณ„์™€ ์ธ๊ฐ„์„ฑ์„ ๋‹จ์ ˆ์‹œํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:34
even when men have caused harm.
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ผ์œผํ‚จ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ด๋„ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
11:37
I am not, in saying this,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ด ๋ง์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€,
11:40
I'm not affirming or believing that we should give any man a free walk
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์ €์ง€๋ฅธ ์ž˜๋ชป์— ๋ฉด์ฃ„๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์ฃผ์ž๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด๋‚˜ ์ฃผ์žฅ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:44
for harm that is caused.
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11:46
We must hold men accountable for harm caused.
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์ž˜๋ชป์„ ์ €์ง€๋ฅธ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์ฑ…์ž„์„ ๋ฌผ์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:50
No question about that.
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ๋‘๋งํ•  ํ•„์š”๋„ ์—†์ฃ .
11:52
We must call out with deep compassion when men do cause harm.
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๋‚จ์ž๋“ค์ด ํ•ด๋ฅผ ๋ผ์น  ๋•Œ๋Š” ๊นŠ์€ ์—ฐ๋ฏผ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์ง€์ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:56
We've also got to call in
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ ์„œ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜๊ณ  ๋ฐฐ๋ คํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋˜๋„๋ก ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:58
to being connected, caring humans.
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12:01
This is not instead of,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฑธ ๋Œ€์‹ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ด์š”.
12:03
and I think this is very important to end on,
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12:05
this is not instead of the unfinished journey for full equality,
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์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ๋ชจ๋“  ์—ฌ์„ฑ๊ณผ ์†Œ๋…€๋“ค์ด ๋ˆ„๋ ค ๋งˆ๋•…ํ•œ ์™„์ „ํ•œ ํ‰๋“ฑ,
12:09
respect and rights that every woman and girl on the planet deserves.
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์กด์ค‘, ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์—ฌ์ •์„ ์ด๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ€์‹ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:14
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
12:17
This is an "and" conversation.
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์˜คํžˆ๋ ค ๊ทธ ์—ฌ์ •์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋Œ€ํ™”๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์ฃ .
12:20
We must continue that journey and we must talk about manhood.
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๊ทธ ์—ฌ์ •์„ ๊ณ„์†ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:25
And I also believe that it is this conversation about pulling men into care
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๋˜ํ•œ ์ €๋Š” ๋‚จ์„ฑ๊ณผ โ€˜๋ณด์‚ดํ•Œโ€™์„ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ
12:29
that we get them to be allies for gender equality.
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๋‚จ์„ฑ์ด ์–‘์„ฑํ‰๋“ฑ์˜ ๋™๋ฐ˜์ž๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:33
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
12:39
My final point would be this:
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ์ž๋ฉด,
12:40
look at the face of any three-year-old boy on the planet.
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์ง€๊ตฌ์ƒ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์„ธ ์‚ด๋ฐฐ๊ธฐ ์‚ฌ๋‚ด์•„์ด์˜ ์–ผ๊ตด์„ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
12:44
He was not born into the world to be angry, aggressive,
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๊ทธ ์•„์ด๋Š” ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ณต๊ฒฉ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์œผ๋กœ ์„ธ์ƒ์— ํƒœ์–ด๋‚œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:49
to follow dark threads down the internet.
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์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์— ๋– ๋„๋Š” ์–ด๋‘์šด ๊ธ€๋“ค์„ ์ซ“๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ํƒœ์–ด๋‚œ ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์•„๋‹ˆ์—์š”.
12:51
He comes into the world ready to be loved and to learn how to love.
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์‚ฌ๋ž‘ ๋ฐ›์„ ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋๊ณ  ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์„ธ์ƒ์— ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:56
Take him, talk to him, teach him every day: I care.
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๊ทธ ์•„์ด์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€์„œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ๋งค์ผ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
๋งŽ์ด ์•„๋ผ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ ์š”.
13:02
Thank you.
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๋“ค์–ด์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:03
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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