The Exciting, Perilous Journey Toward AGI | Ilya Sutskever | TED

803,493 views ใƒป 2023-11-20

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์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Noah Shin ๊ฒ€ํ† : DK Kim
00:04
You've all experienced the progress of artificial intelligence.
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๋ชจ๋‘ ๋ฐœ์ „ํ•˜๋Š” ์ธ๊ณต ์ง€๋Šฅ์„ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ–ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:10
Many of you may have spoken with a computer,
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๋งŽ์€ ๋ถ„๋“ค์ด ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ง์„ ๊ฑธ์–ด๋ณด์•˜์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฉฐ
00:13
and a computer understood you
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์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ  ์‘๋‹ต์„ ํ–ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:15
and spoke back to you.
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00:17
With the rate of progress being that it is,
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ํ˜„์žฌ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฐœ์ „ ์†๋„๋ผ๋ฉด
00:20
it's not difficult to imagine that at some point in the future,
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์–ธ์  ๊ฐ€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋˜‘๋˜‘ํ•œ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ์ธ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ˆ˜์ค€์œผ๋กœ ๋˜‘๋˜‘ํ•ด์ง€๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
00:25
our intelligent computers will become as smart or smarter than people.
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๊ทธ ์ด์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋˜‘๋˜‘ํ•ด์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋ ต์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:31
And it's also not difficult to imagine that when that happens,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ์„ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
00:36
the impact of such artificial intelligence
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๊ทธ ์ธ๊ณต ์ง€๋Šฅ์ด ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์ด ์ •๋ง ์ •๋ง ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ 
00:41
is going to be truly, truly vast.
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์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์–ด๋ ต์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:45
And you may wonder:
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์ด์ œ ๊ถ๊ธˆํ•ด์ง€๊ฒ ์ฃ .
00:47
Is it going to be OK when technology is so impactful?
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'๊ธฐ์ˆ ์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ๋ ฅ์ด ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ปค์ ธ๋„ ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€ ๊ฑธ๊นŒ?'
00:52
And here my goal is to point out the existence of a force
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์ œ ๋ชฉ์ ์€
์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค์ด ์•„์ง ์•Œ์•„์ฑ„์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ ์–ด๋–ค ํž˜์˜ ์กด์žฌ๋ฅผ ์•Œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ 
00:57
that many of you may have not noticed,
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01:00
that gives me hope that indeed,
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์ €๋Š” ์ด๋กœ์จ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ
01:04
we will be happy with the result.
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ํ–‰๋ณตํ•ด์งˆ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ํฌ๋ง์„ ๊ฐ€์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:07
So artificial intelligence.
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์ธ๊ณต ์ง€๋Šฅ.
01:11
What is it, and how does it work?
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋ฉฐ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑธ๊นŒ์š”?
01:14
Well, it turns out that it's very easy to explain
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ์ธ๊ณต ์ง€๋Šฅ์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์‰ฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:17
how artificial intelligence works.
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01:19
Just one sentence.
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ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ๋งํ•˜์ž๋ฉด
01:21
Artificial intelligence is nothing but digital brains
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์ธ๊ณต ์ง€๋Šฅ์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
๋Œ€ํ˜• ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ์•ˆ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋””์ง€ํ„ธ ๋‡Œ์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:28
inside large computers.
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01:30
That's what artificial intelligence is.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ธ๊ณต ์ง€๋Šฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:33
Every single interesting AI that you've seen
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋ณธ ๋ชจ๋“  ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ์ธ๊ณต ์ง€๋Šฅ์€
01:39
is based on this idea.
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์ด ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:42
Over the decades,
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์ˆ˜์‹ญ ๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค๊ณผ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ž๋“ค์€
01:43
scientists and engineers have been figuring out
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01:47
how such digital brains should work
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์ด ๋””์ง€ํ„ธ ๋‡Œ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ž‘๋™ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€
01:50
and how to build them, how to engineer them.
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์„ค๊ณ„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•ด์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:54
Now, I find it interesting
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์ €๋Š” ์ด๊ฒŒ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กญ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:57
that the seat of intelligence in human beings is our biological brain.
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์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ง€๋Šฅ์ด ์ž๋ฆฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณณ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™์  ๋‡Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:02
It is fitting that the seat of intelligence
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์ด์— ๋“ค์–ด๋งž๊ฒŒ
์ธ๊ณต ์ง€๋Šฅ์˜ ์ง€๋Šฅ์ด ์ž๋ฆฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณณ์€ ์ธ๊ณต ๋‡Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:06
in artificial intelligence
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02:08
is an artificial brain.
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02:10
Here, I'd like to take a digression and tell you about how I got into AI.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์ž ์‹œ ๋ณธ๋ก ์—์„œ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚˜์„œ
์ œ๊ฐ€ ์–ด์ฉŒ๋‹ค AI์— ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:18
There were three forces that pulled me into it.
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์ €๋ฅผ AI ์„ธ๊ณ„๋กœ ๋Œ์–ด๋“ค์ธ ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ํž˜์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:23
The first one was that when I was a little child,
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋Š” ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋ ธ์„ ๋•Œ,
02:27
at around the age of five or six,
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๋Œ€์—ฌ์„ฏ ์‚ด ์ •๋„ ๋˜์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ,
02:29
I was very struck by my own conscious experience,
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์ €๋Š” ์ œ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์˜์‹์ ์ธ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์— ํฌ๊ฒŒ ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:35
by the fact that I am me and I am experiencing things.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‚˜ ์ž์‹ ์ด๋ฉฐ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์—์š”.
02:40
That when I look at things, I see them.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ฉด ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
02:44
Like, this feeling over time went away, though,
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์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์ง€๋‚จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ด ๋Š๋‚Œ์€ ์‚ฌ๋ผ์กŒ์ง€๋งŒ,
02:48
by simply mentioning it to you right now it comes back.
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์ง€๊ธˆ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ๋„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋– ์˜ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:52
But this this feeling of ...
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด ๋Š๋‚Œ์€ ...
02:55
That I am me, that you are you,
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์ €๋Š” '๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‚˜๊ณ  ๋„ˆ๋Š” ๋„ˆ'๋ผ๋Š” ์ด ๋Š๋‚Œ์ด ๋งค์šฐ ์ด์ƒํ–ˆ๊ณ 
02:57
I found it very strange and very disturbing almost.
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๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ถˆ์•ˆํ•จ์„ ๋Š๋‚„ ์ •๋„์˜€์ฃ .
03:02
And so when I learned about artificial intelligence,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์ธ๊ณต ์ง€๋Šฅ์„ ๋ฐฐ์› ์„ ๋•Œ
03:05
I thought, wow, if we could build a computer
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'์ง€๋Šฅ์ ์ธ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
03:08
that is intelligent,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์˜์‹์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ฒ ๋‹ค'๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:09
maybe we will learn something about ourselves,
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03:12
about our own consciousness.
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03:13
That was my first motivation that pulled me towards AI.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ €๋ฅผ AI๋กœ ์ด๋ˆ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋™๊ธฐ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:17
The second motivation was more pedestrian in a way.
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๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋™๊ธฐ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ๋ฉด์—์„œ ๋” ํ‰๋ฒ”ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:21
I was simply curious about how intelligence works.
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์ €๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ์ง€๋Šฅ์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๊ถ๊ธˆํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:25
And when I was a teenager, an early teenager in the late '90s,
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90๋…„๋Œ€ ํ›„๋ฐ˜์— ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์‹ญ ๋Œ€ ์ดˆ์˜€์„ ๋•Œ
03:30
the sense that I got is that science simply did not know
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ›์€ ๋Š๋‚Œ์€
๊ณผํ•™์€ ์ง€๋Šฅ์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๋ชจ๋ฅธ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:33
how intelligence worked.
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03:35
There was also a third reason,
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์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์ด์œ ๋„ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:37
which is that it was clear to me back then
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๋‹น์‹œ์— ์ €ํ•œํ…Œ๋Š” ๋ถ„๋ช…ํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
03:39
that artificial intelligence,
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ์ธ๊ณต ์ง€๋Šฅ์ด ์ž‘๋™ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
03:41
if it worked, it would be incredibly impactful.
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์˜ํ–ฅ๋ ฅ์ด ์—„์ฒญ๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ํด ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ž€ ์ ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:45
Now, it wasn't at all obvious
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์ธ๊ณต ์ง€๋Šฅ์ด ๋ฐœ์ „ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„์ง€ ์ „ํ˜€ ํ™•์‹คํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์ง€๋งŒ
03:47
that it will be possible to make progress in artificial intelligence,
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03:51
but if it were possible to make progress in artificial intelligence,
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ์ธ๊ณต ์ง€๋Šฅ์ด ๋ฐœ์ „ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์˜ํ–ฅ์ด ์—„์ฒญ๋‚  ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:55
that would be incredibly impactful.
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03:57
So these were the three reasons that pulled me towards AI.
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์ด ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ด์œ ๊ฐ€ ์ €๋ฅผ AI์˜ ๊ธธ๋กœ ํ–ฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:02
That's why I thought that's a great area to spend all my efforts on.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์„ ์Ÿ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ์˜์—ญ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:08
So now let's come back to our artificial intelligence,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์ด์ œ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ธ๊ณต ์ง€๋Šฅ, ๋””์ง€ํ„ธ ๋‘๋‡Œ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€ ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
04:12
the digital brains.
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04:14
Today, these digital brains
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋””์ง€ํ„ธ ๋‘๋‡Œ๋“ค์€
04:18
are far less smart than our biological brains.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™์  ๋‘๋‡Œ๋ณด๋‹ค ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋–จ์–ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:23
When you speak to an AI chat bot,
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AI ์ฑ—๋ด‡๊ณผ ๋Œ€ํ™”ํ•ด ๋ณด๋ฉด
04:26
you very quickly see that it's not all there,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์™„์ „ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•„์ฃผ ๊ธˆ๋ฐฉ ๋ˆˆ์น˜์ฑŒ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ญ๋ž„๊นŒ,
04:30
that it's, you know,
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04:32
it understands mostly, sort of.
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ๋“  ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธด ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์ด ์•„์ฃผ ๋งŽ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ
04:36
But you can clearly see that there are so many things it cannot do
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04:39
and that there are some strange gaps.
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์–ด๋–ค ์ด์ƒํ•œ ๊ฐ„๊ทน๋“ค์ด ์กด์žฌํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:41
But this situation, I claim, is temporary.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ƒํ™ฉ์€ ์ผ์‹œ์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:46
As researchers and engineers continue to work on AI,
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์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž์™€ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ž๋“ค์ด ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ AI์— ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ธฐ์šธ์ด๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ
04:51
the day will come when the digital brains that live inside our computers
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์–ด๋Š ๋‚ ์—”๊ฐ€๋Š” ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ์•ˆ์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋””์ง€ํ„ธ ๋‘๋‡Œ๊ฐ€
04:56
will become as good and even better than our own biological brains.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™์  ๋‘๋‡Œ์™€ ๋™๋“ฑํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ์ˆ˜์ค€์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:03
Computers will become smarter than us.
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์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋˜‘๋˜‘ํ•ด์งˆ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:05
We call such an AI an โ€œAGI,โ€ artificial general intelligence.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ธ๊ณต ์ง€๋Šฅ์„ AGI, ์ฆ‰, ์ธ๊ณต ์ผ๋ฐ˜ ์ง€๋Šฅ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:12
When we can say that the level at which we can teach the AI to do anything
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AI์—๊ฒŒ ๋ญ๋“ ์ง€ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ˆ˜์ค€์— ์ด๋ฅธ ๋•Œ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:18
that, for example, I can do, or someone else.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค๋ฉด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
05:22
So although AGI does not exist today,
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๋น„๋ก ํ˜„์žฌ AGI๊ฐ€ ์กด์žฌํ•˜์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์ง€๋งŒ
05:26
we can still gain a little bit of an insight
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AGI๊ฐ€ ์ผ๋‹จ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง„๋‹ค๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ค ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น ์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด
05:29
into the impact of AGI once it's built.
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์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ํ†ต์ฐฐ์„ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:32
It is completely obvious
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์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋ช…๋ฐฑํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€
05:34
that such an AGI will have a dramatic impact
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AGI๊ฐ€ ์‚ถ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์˜์—ญ๊ณผ ์ธ๊ฐ„ ํ™œ๋™ ๋ฐ ์‚ฌํšŒ์—
05:40
on every area of life, of human activity and society.
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๊ทน์ ์ธ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:46
And I want to go over a quick case study.
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๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:50
This is a narrow example of a very, very broad technology.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„์ฃผ ๊ด‘๋ฒ”์œ„ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์˜ ์ž‘์€ ์˜ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:55
The example I want to present is health care.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ์˜ˆ๋Š” ๊ฑด๊ฐ• ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:59
Many of you may have had the experience of trying to go to a doctor.
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๋งŽ์€ ๋ถ„๋“ค์ด ๋ณ‘์›์— ๊ฐ€๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•œ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์ด ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:04
You need to wait for many months sometimes,
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๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ๋ช‡ ๋‹ฌ ๋™์•ˆ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ ค์•ผ ํ•˜๊ณ 
06:08
and then when you do get to see a doctor, you get a small,
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์˜์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ๊ธฐํšŒ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ธฐ๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋”๋ผ๋„ ๋งค์šฐ ์งง์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋งŒ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:11
very limited amount of time with the doctor
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06:13
and furthermore, the doctor, being only human,
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๋” ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€ ์˜์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ธ๊ฐ„์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
06:16
can have only limited knowledge of all this,
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ํ˜„์กดํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์˜ํ•™ ์ง€์‹ ์ค‘์—์„œ
06:21
all the medical knowledge that exists.
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์•„์ฃผ ํ•œ์ •์ ์ธ ๋ถ€๋ถ„๋งŒ์„ ์••๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:23
And then by the end of it, you get a very large bill.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์—๋Š” ๋ชน์‹œ ๋น„์‹ผ ์ฒญ๊ตฌ์„œ๊ฐ€ ์˜ค์ฃ .
06:26
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
06:27
Well, if you have an intelligent computer, an AGI, that is built to be a doctor,
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ์ง€๋Šฅ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ, ์ฆ‰, ์˜์‚ฌ AGI๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
06:34
it will have complete and exhaustive knowledge of all medical literature.
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๋ชจ๋“  ์˜ํ•™ ๋ฌธํ—Œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์˜์‚ฌ AGI์˜ ์ง€์‹์€ ์™„์ „ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ฒ ์ €ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:38
It will have billions of hours of clinical experience,
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์ˆ˜์‹ญ์–ต ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ๋‹ฌํ•˜๋Š” ์ž„์ƒ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์„ ์Œ“์œผ๋ฉฐ
06:42
and it will be always available and extremely cheap.
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์–ธ์ œ๋‚˜ ์ด์šฉ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ณ  ๋งค์šฐ ์ €๋ ดํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:47
When this happens,
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
06:48
we will look back at today's health care
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ์˜ ๊ฑด๊ฐ• ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ
06:51
similarly to how we look at 16th century dentistry.
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๋งˆ์น˜ 16์„ธ๊ธฐ ์น˜๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋Š” ๋“ฏํ•œ ์‹œ๊ฐ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๋ณผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:55
(Laughter)
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06:56
You know, when they tied people with belts and then have this drill,
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๊ทธ๋•Œ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋ˆ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌถ๊ณ  ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋“œ๋ฆด์„ ์ผ์ฃ .
07:00
that's how today's health care will look like.
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ๊ฑด๊ฐ• ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:02
And again, to emphasize, this is just one example.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜์ž๋ฉด ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ์‹œ์— ๋ถˆ๊ณผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:05
This is just one example.
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ํ•œ ์˜ˆ์‹œ์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:07
AGI will have dramatic and incredible impact
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AGI๋Š” ์ธ๊ฐ„ ํ™œ๋™์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์˜์—ญ์—
๊ธ‰๊ฒฉํ•˜๊ณ  ๋†€๋ผ์šด ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:11
on every single area of human activity.
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07:15
But when you see impact this large, you may wonder, "Gosh,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํฐ ์˜ํ–ฅ๋ ฅ์„ ๋ณด๋ฉด์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์˜๋ฌธ์ด ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
"๋ง™์†Œ์‚ฌ,
07:20
isn't this technology too impactful?"
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์ด ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์€ ์˜ํ–ฅ๋ ฅ์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ํฌ์ง€ ์•Š๋‚˜์š”?"
์‹ค์ œ๋กœ AGI๊ฐ€ ๊ธ์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ ์šฉ๋ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ถ€๋ถ„์—๋Š”
07:23
And indeed, for every positive application of AGI,
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07:26
there will be a negative application as well.
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๋ถ€์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ ์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:30
This technology is also going to be different
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์ด ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์€ ๋˜ํ•œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์ต์ˆ™ํ•œ ์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€์˜ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๊ณผ๋„ ๋‹ค๋ฅผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:33
from technologies that we are used to,
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07:34
because it will have the ability to improve itself.
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์ด ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์€ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ์„ ํ•  ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฐ–์ถœ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:37
It is possible to build an AGI
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AGI๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ ์„ธ๋Œ€์— ์ž‘๋™ํ•  AGI๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:40
that will work on the next generation of AGI.
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ธ‰๊ฒฉํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์  ๋ฐœ์ „์— ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋Š”
07:44
The closest analogue we have to this kind of rapid technological improvement
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07:49
is when the Industrial Revolution has taken place, where humans,
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์‚ฐ์—… ํ˜๋ช…์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ์‹œ๊ธฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ธ๊ฐ„ ์‚ฌํšŒ์˜ ๋ฌผ์งˆ์ ์ธ ์ƒํƒœ๊ฐ€ ๋งค์šฐ ์•ˆ์ •์ ์ด์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
07:53
the material condition of human society, was very, very constant.
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๊ทธ ํ›„์— ๊ธ‰๊ฒฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ๊ธ‰๊ฒฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์„ฑ์žฅํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:57
And then it was a rapid increase, rapid growth.
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07:59
With AGI,
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AGI๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์ด์™€ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ์ผ์ด ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
08:01
something like this could happen again, but on a shorter timescale.
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๋” ์งฆ์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:04
And then furthermore,
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๋” ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์šฐ๋ ค๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:05
there are concerns around
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08:08
if an AGI ever becomes very, very powerful,
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AGI๊ฐ€ ๋งค์šฐ ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•ด์ง„๋‹ค๋ฉด,
์ด๊ฑด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค,
08:12
which is possible,
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08:13
maybe it will want to go rogue being that it is an agent.
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์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ์˜์‹์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ๋งˆ์Œ๋Œ€๋กœ ํ–‰๋™ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ด์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:17
So this is a concern that exists with this unprecedented,
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„์ง ์กด์žฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์ง€๋งŒ ์ „๋ก€ ์—†๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์šฐ๋ ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:21
not yet existing technology.
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08:24
And indeed,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ,
08:26
you look at all the positive potential of AGI
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AGI์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ์ž ์žฌ๋ ฅ๊ณผ
08:29
and all the concerning possibilities of AGI as well,
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๊ฑฑ์ •๋˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์‚ดํŽด ๋ณด๋ฉด ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:34
and you may say, "Gosh, where is this all headed?"
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'์™€, ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด ์–ด๋””๋กœ ํ–ฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฑธ๊นŒ?'
08:38
One of my motivations in creating OpenAI was,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ OpenAI๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ฆฝํ•œ ๋™๊ธฐ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š”
์ด ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋”ํ•ด์„œ
08:44
in addition to developing this technology,
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08:46
was also to address the questions
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AGI๊ฐ€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๋˜์ง€๋Š” ์–ด๋ ค์šด ์งˆ๋ฌธ๋“ค๊ณผ
08:49
that are posed by AGI, the difficult questions,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ œ๊ธฐํ•œ ์šฐ๋ ค์— ๋Œ€์ฒ˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:51
the concerns that we raised.
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08:54
In addition to working with governments
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์ •๋ถ€์™€ ํ˜‘๋ ฅํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์— ๋Œ€๋น„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋„๋ก ๋„์šธ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
08:56
and helping them understand what is coming and prepare for it,
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08:59
we are also doing a lot of research
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ ์ธ ์ธก๋ฉด์„ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:01
on addressing the technological side of things,
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09:05
so that the AI will never want to go rogue.
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์ธ๊ณต ์ง€๋Šฅ์ด ๋งˆ์Œ๋Œ€๋กœ ํ–‰๋™ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋„๋ก ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:08
And this is something which Iโ€™m working on as well.
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ํ˜„์žฌ ์ด ๋ถ€๋ถ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ €๋„ ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:11
But I think, the thing to note,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์œ ์˜ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์ ์€
09:15
because AI and AGI is really the only area of the economy
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AI์™€ AGI ์˜์—ญ์€ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์ผํ•˜๊ฒŒ
๋งŽ์€ ํฅ๋ฏธ์™€ ํˆฌ์ž๋ฅผ ๋Œ์–ด ๋ชจ์œผ๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
09:21
where there is a lot of excitement, a lot of investment,
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09:24
everyone is working on it,
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๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ์ด์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
09:26
there's a huge number of labs in the world trying to build the same thing.
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์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ๋™์ผํ•œ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ ํ–ฅํ•ด ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ํŒ€๋“ค์ด ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:30
Even if OpenAI takes these desirable steps that I mentioned,
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OpenAI๊ฐ€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•œ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฐ”๋žŒ์งํ•œ ์กฐ์น˜๋“ค์„ ์ทจํ•œ๋‹ค ํ•ด๋„
09:35
what about the rest of the companies and the rest of the world?
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋“ค๊ณผ ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ ์„ธ๊ณ„๋Š” ์–ด๋–จ๊นŒ์š”?
09:38
And this is where I want to make my observation
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š” ํž˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด
์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ „ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:42
about the force that exists.
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09:44
The observation is this: consider the world one year ago,
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๊ทธ ๊ด€์ฐฐ์€ ์ด๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ผ ๋…„ ์ „ ์„ธ์ƒ์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”, ๋‹จ ์ผ ๋…„ ์ „ ์„ธ์ƒ์„์š”.
09:49
as recently as one year ago.
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09:51
People weren't really talking about AI, not in the same way at all.
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AI์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ง„์ง€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์–˜๊ธฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๊ณ  ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‹์€ ์ „ํ˜€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
09:55
What happened?
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์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์ด ๋ฒŒ์–ด์ง„ ๊ฑธ๊นŒ์š”?
09:56
We all experienced what it's like to talk to a computer and to be understood.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘๋Š” ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ์™€ ๋Œ€ํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ง์ด ํ†ตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ—˜์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:00
The idea that computers will become really intelligent
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์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ์—๊ฒŒ ์ •๋ง๋กœ ์ง€๋Šฅ์ด ์ƒ๊ธฐ๊ณ 
10:03
and eventually more intelligent than us is becoming widespread.
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๋›ฐ์–ด๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด ๋„๋ฆฌ ํผ์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:07
It used to be a niche idea that only a few enthusiasts
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์˜ˆ์ „์—๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ํŠน์ดํ•œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์œผ๋กœ
์†Œ์ˆ˜์˜ ์—ด๊ด‘์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค, ์ทจ๋ฏธ๋กœ ์ฆ๊ธฐ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด๋‚˜
10:10
and hobbyists and people who were very into AI were thinking about.
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AI์— ๊นŠ์€ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๋งŒ์˜ ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:14
But now everyone is thinking about it.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด์ œ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:16
And as the AI continues to make progress,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  AI๊ฐ€ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ๋ฐœ์ „ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ด ๊ณ„์† ์ง„ํ™”ํ•˜๋ฉฐ
10:19
as technology continues to advance,
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10:21
as more and more people see what AI can do
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๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด AI๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ 
์–ด๋–ค ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ฉด์„œ
10:24
and where it is headed towards,
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10:26
then it will become clear just how dramatic,
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AGI๊ฐ€ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๊ทน์ ์ด๊ณ ,
10:30
incredible and ...
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์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋†€๋ž๊ณ ,
10:35
almost fantastical AGI is going to be
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์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ํ™˜์ƒ์ ์ด ๋ ์ง€,
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์–ด๋Š ์ •๋„์˜ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„์‹ฌ์ด ์ ์ ˆํ• ์ง€๋„ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํ•ด์งˆ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:39
and how much trepidation is appropriate.
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์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์— ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ด์ต์„ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ
10:43
And what I claim will happen is that people will start to act
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10:46
in unprecedentedly collaborative way out of their own self-interest.
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์ „๋ก€ ์—†์ด ํ˜‘๋ ฅ์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ํ–‰๋™ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:52
It's already happening right now.
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ง€๊ธˆ ์ด๋ฏธ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ํ˜„์ƒ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:55
You see the leading AGI companies starting to collaborate
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์ฃผ์š” AGI ๊ธฐ์—…๋“ค์ด ์ด๋ฏธ ํ˜‘๋ ฅํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:00
for a specific example, through the Frontier Model Forum.
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๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด๋ฉด ํ”„๋Ÿฐํ‹ฐ์–ด ๋ชจ๋ธ ํฌ๋Ÿผ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:04
And we will expect that companies that are competitors
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๊ฒฝ์Ÿ ์ค‘์ธ ๊ธฐ์—…๋“ค๋„ ์ž์‹ ๋“ค์˜ AI๋ฅผ ์•ˆ์ „ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค๋ ค๊ณ 
11:07
will share technical information to make their AIs safe.
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์„œ๋กœ ๊ธฐ์ˆ  ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:10
We may even see governments do this.
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์ •๋ถ€๋“ค๋„ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:11
For another example,
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค๋ฉด
11:13
at OpenAI, we really believed in how dramatic AGI is going to be.
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OpenAI๋Š” AGI๊ฐ€ ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ•  ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:19
So one of the ideas that we were operating by,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ์ฃผ์ œ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ด๊ณ 
11:22
and it's been written on our website for five years now,
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์ด๋ฏธ ์˜ค ๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์ €ํฌ ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ์— ๋‚˜์™€ ์žˆ๋˜ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋Š”
๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ด ๋ฐœ์ „ํ•ด์„œ
11:25
that when technology gets such that we are very, very close to AGI,
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์ธ๊ฐ„๋ณด๋‹ค ๋˜‘๋˜‘ํ•œ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ์ธ AGI์— ์•„์ฃผ ์•„์ฃผ ๊ฐ€๊น๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ณ 
11:30
to computers smarter than humans,
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ธฐ์—…์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ณด๋‹ค ํ›จ์”ฌ ์•ž์„œ ๊ฐ„๋‹ค๋ฉด
11:32
and if some other company is far ahead of us,
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11:35
then rather than compete with them,
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๊ทธ๋“ค๊ณผ ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
11:36
we will help them out, join them, in a sense.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ๋•๊ณ  ์–ด๋–ค ์˜๋ฏธ์—์„œ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:41
And why do that?
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์™œ ๊ทธ๋ž˜์•ผ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
AGI๊ฐ€ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ• ์ง€๋ฅผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ž˜ ์•Œ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:43
Because we feel, we appreciate
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11:44
how incredibly dramatic AGI is going to be.
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11:47
And my claim is that with each generation of capability advancements,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋Š”
๋ฐœ์ „ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ AGI ์„ธ๋Œ€๋งˆ๋‹ค
11:53
as AI gets better
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AI๊ฐ€ ๋” ๋‚˜์•„์ง€๊ณ 
11:55
and as all of you experience what AI can do,
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AI๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•˜๊ณ 
11:58
as people who run AI efforts and AGI efforts
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AI ๋ฐ AGI ์‚ฌ์—…์„ ์ด๋„๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ
12:02
and people who work on them will experience it as well,
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๊ทธ์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๋„ ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ
12:05
this will change the way we see AI and AGI,
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์ด๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ AI์™€ AGI๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ณด๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๊ณ 
12:09
and that will change collective behavior.
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์ „์ฒด์˜ ํ–‰๋™๋„ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ€ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:11
And this is an important reason
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ธ๊ณต ์ง€๋Šฅ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์— ์žˆ๋Š”
12:15
why I'm hopeful
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์ปค๋‹ค๋ž€ ๋„์ „์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ 
12:17
that despite the great challenges that's posed by this technology,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ทน๋ณตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํฌ๋ง์„ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ํฐ ์ด์œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:20
we will overcome them.
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12:21
Thank you.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
12:23
(Applause)
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์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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