Humanity's planet-shaping powers -- and what they mean for the future | Achim Steiner

37,821 views ใƒป 2021-02-04

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
Transcriber:
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๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Jaewook Seol ๊ฒ€ํ† : DK Kim
00:01
I work at the United Nations.
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00:03
And for the past couple of years,
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00:04
I have served as the head of the UN's Development Programme.
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00:08
When I first walked into the UN headquarters
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00:10
in New York City, many years ago,
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00:13
the first thing I noticed was a sculpture standing outside
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์ €๋Š” ๊ตญ์ œ ์—ฐํ•ฉ์—์„œ ์ผํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ง€๋‚œ ๋ช‡ ๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์œ ์—” ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ์ด์ฑ…์ž„์ž๋กœ ์ผํ•ด ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:17
under the flags of the nations of the world.
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00:20
It's called the Knotted Gun.
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์˜ค๋ž˜ ์ „์— ๋‰ด์š•์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์œ ์—”๋ณธ๋ถ€์— ์ฒ˜์Œ ๊ฑธ์–ด ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ”์„ ๋•Œ
00:22
And it still stands there today.
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00:24
To me, that sculpture symbolizes
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ฒ˜์Œ ๋ณธ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ๊ฐ๊ตญ์˜ ๊ตญ๊ธฐ ์•„๋ž˜
00:27
exactly what the UN was created to do 75 years ago:
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์„ธ์›Œ์ ธ ์žˆ๋Š” ์กฐํ˜•๋ฌผ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:30
to build peace out of the ashes of war.
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์ด๋ฆ„์€ โ€˜๊ผฌ์—ฌ์žˆ๋Š” ์ดโ€™์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:33
War that had been defined for so much of human history
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ ๊นŒ์ง€๋„ ๊ทธ ์ž๋ฆฌ์— ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ œ๊ฒŒ ์ด ์กฐํ˜•๋ฌผ์ด ์ƒ์ง•ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
00:37
as the struggle of nations against nations
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์ •ํ™•ํžˆ 75๋…„ ์ „ UN์˜ ์„ค๋ฆฝ ๋ชฉ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:40
or the kind still raging in countries like Syria and Yemen
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์ „์Ÿ์˜ ์žฟ๋”๋ฏธ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ํ‰ํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ฑด์„คํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•จ์ด์ฃ .
00:43
that the United Nations works to end every day.
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์ „์Ÿ์€ ์ธ๋ฅ˜ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์˜ ์ƒ๋‹น ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ
00:47
That's what I imagined that knotted gun to represent.
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๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ„์˜ ํˆฌ์Ÿ์ด๋‚˜
00:51
But now, another kind of war is brewing.
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ํ˜น์€ ์‹œ๋ฆฌ์•„์™€ ์˜ˆ๋ฉ˜์—์„œ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๋“ค๋“๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ์„œ
00:55
One that increasingly defines the 21st century
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UN์ด ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ข…์‹์‹œํ‚ค๋ ค ์• ์“ฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:58
where the dominant risk to our own survival is ourselves.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ผฌ์—ฌ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด์ œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ์ „์Ÿ์ด ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜๋ ค ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:04
A few years or even months ago,
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01:06
if I had suggested that weโ€™re all at war with ourselves,
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21์„ธ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ ์  ๋” ์ •์˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
01:09
it may have felt strange, especially when,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ƒ์กด์— ์ง€๋ฐฐ์ ์ธ ์œ„ํ—˜ ์š”์ธ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ž์‹ ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:12
according to so many metrics,
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01:14
humans are on average, healthier,
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01:16
wealthier, and more educated than at any time in history.
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๋ช‡ ๋…„ ์ „, ์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ๋ช‡ ๋‹ฌ ์ „์—๋ผ๋„
์ œ๊ฐ€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ž์‹ ๊ณผ์˜ ์ „์Ÿ์„ ์น˜๋ฅด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
01:21
We have more knowledge, more science,
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์ด์ƒํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋Š๊ปด์กŒ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:23
more choices today
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ํŠนํžˆ ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ์ง€ํ‘œ๋“ค์„ ๋ณด๋ฉด
01:25
than the founders of the United Nations could have ever imagined.
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์—ญ์‚ฌ์ƒ ๊ทธ ์–ด๋Š ๋•Œ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ธ๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ํ‰๊ท ์ ์œผ๋กœ
๋” ๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋” ๋ถ€์œ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๋” ์ž˜ ๊ต์œก๋ฐ›๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์—์„œ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
01:29
But somewhere along the way,
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01:31
we lost our balance.
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01:33
In fact, think about this.
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ง€์‹๊ณผ ๊ณผํ•™, ์„ ํƒ์˜ ๋ฒ”์œ„๋Š”
01:35
Scientists are considering
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01:37
whether for the very first time in human history,
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์œ ์—” ์ฐฝ๋ฆฝ์ž๋“ค์ด ์ƒ์ƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:39
instead of the planet shaping humans,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๊ทธ ๊ณผ์ • ์ค‘ ์–ด๋”˜๊ฐ€์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ท ํ˜•์„ ์žƒ๊ณ  ๋ง์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:42
humans are knowingly shaping the planet.
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01:45
It's called the Anthropocene
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์‚ฌ์‹ค, ์ด ์ ์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ์ธ๋ฅ˜ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์ƒ ์ฒ˜์Œ์œผ๋กœ
01:48
and it represents a new geological era.
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01:51
Today, humans literally have the power to alter the atmosphere
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์ด ํ–‰์„ฑ์ด ์ธ๊ฐ„์„ ๋นš์€ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
01:54
and the biosphere in which we live.
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์ธ๊ฐ„์ด ์ง€๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋นš๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹Œ์ง€ ๋…ผ์˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:56
The power to destroy and the power to repair.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์ธ๋ฅ˜์„ธ๋ผ ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:00
No species has ever had that kind of power before.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ง€์งˆํ•™์  ์‹œ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋Œ€๊ธฐ๊ถŒ๊ณผ ์ƒ๋ฌผ๊ถŒ์„ ๋ง ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™”์‹œํ‚ฌ ํž˜์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:05
With it, we humans have achieved incredible things together
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02:08
from closing a giant hole in the ozone layer,
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ํŒŒ๊ดดํ•˜๋Š” ํž˜๊ณผ ๋ณต๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ํž˜์ด์ง€์š”.
02:11
to preventing nuclear proliferation,
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์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ทธ ์–ด๋–ค ์ข…๋„ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ํž˜์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์ ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:13
to eradicating smallpox.
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02:16
But we have also taken the Earth and all the people on it to the brink.
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์ธ๋ฅ˜๋Š” ์‹ค๋กœ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ์ผ๋“ค์„ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ด๋ฃฉํ•ด ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์˜ค์กด์ธต์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ตฌ๋ฉ์„ ๋ง‰๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์—์„œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ
02:22
It's not rational nor fair what we are doing.
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ํ•ต ํ™•์‚ฐ์„ ๋ฐฉ์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ฒœ์—ฐ๋‘๋ฅผ ๋ฟŒ๋ฆฌ ๋ฝ‘์€ ๊ฒƒ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ฐ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:25
Today, one third of all the food produced on the planet
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ง€๊ตฌ์™€ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋ฒผ๋ž‘ ๋์œผ๋กœ ๋ชฐ๊ณ  ๊ฐ€๊ธฐ๋„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:29
goes to waste.
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02:31
While one in 10 people go hungry.
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02:33
Inequality has become extreme.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ์€ ํ•ฉ๋ฆฌ์ ์ด์ง€๋„ ๊ณต์ •ํ•˜์ง€๋„ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:36
Twenty-six people own the same wealth as half of humanity,
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์ง€๊ตฌ ์ƒ์—์„œ ์ƒ์‚ฐ๋˜๋Š” ์Œ์‹์˜ 3๋ถ„์˜ 1์ด ๋ฒ„๋ ค์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:41
based on recent data.
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02:42
Today, seven million people die from air pollution each year,
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ํ•œํŽธ 10๋ช… ์ค‘ 1๋ช…์ด ๊ตถ์ฃผ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋ถˆํ‰๋“ฑ์€ ๊ทน๋‹จ์œผ๋กœ ์น˜๋‹ฌ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:46
while about 7 million trees,
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02:48
the very things that keep our air clean,
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์ตœ๊ทผ์˜ ์ž๋ฃŒ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด, ๋‹จ 26๋ช…์˜ ์žฌ์‚ฐ์ด
02:50
are cut down every few hours.
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์ „ ์ธ๋ฅ˜์˜ ์ ˆ๋ฐ˜์ด ๊ฐ€์ง„ ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:53
We spend over 10 times more on fossil fuel subsidies alone
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ๋งค๋…„ 700๋งŒ ๋ช…์ด ๋Œ€๊ธฐ์˜ค์—ผ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋งํ•˜๊ณ 
02:56
than we do on all the investments in renewable power,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ณต๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊นจ๋—ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ง€์ผœ์ฃผ๋Š” ๋‚˜๋ฌด ๋Œ€๋žต 7๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋ฃจ๊ฐ€
02:59
prolonging our carbon habit
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03:01
like a drug running through the economyโ€™s veins.
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๋ช‡ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋งˆ๋‹ค ์ž˜๋ ค ๋‚˜๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:04
You don't have to be an economist like me
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ™”์„์—ฐ๋ฃŒ ๋ณด์กฐ๊ธˆ์—๋งŒ ์žฌ์ƒ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ํˆฌ์ž๋ณด๋‹ค
03:06
to know that these numbers just don't add up.
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10๋ฐฐ ์ด์ƒ ๋งŽ์€ ๋ˆ์„ ์“ฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:09
That our economic paradigm is neither sustainable nor equitable.
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์ด๋Š” ๋งˆ์น˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์˜ ํ˜ˆ๊ด€์— ํ๋ฅด๋Š” ๋งˆ์•ฝ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ํƒ„์†Œ ์†Œ๋น„ ์Šต๊ด€์„ ์—ฐ์žฅ์‹œ์ผฐ์ฃ .
03:14
Climate change,
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03:16
rupturing inequalities,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ €์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๊ฒฝ์ œํ•™์ž๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋”๋ผ๋„ ์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ๋ง๋„ ์•ˆ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•„์‹œ๊ฒ ์ฃ .
03:17
record numbers of people forced from their homes
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03:20
by conflict and crisis.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ํŒจ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ค์ž„์€ ์ง€์† ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜์ง€๋„ ๊ณต์ •ํ•˜์ง€๋„ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:22
For all of our power,
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03:24
these are the weapons we have built.
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๊ธฐํ›„๋ณ€ํ™”, ํŒŒ๋ฉธ์ ์ธ ๋ถˆํ‰๋“ฑ,
03:27
Less tangible than a gun,
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03:29
but just as real, just as deadly.
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๋ถ„์Ÿ๊ณผ ์œ„๊ธฐ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์ง‘์—์„œ ๋‚ด๋ชฐ๋ฆฐ ๊ธฐ๋ก์ ์ธ ์ˆ˜์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค.
03:32
Add an epic pandemic
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03:34
and this year, for the first time in 20 years,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ํž˜์„ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋‹คํ•ด์„œ
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์˜จ ๋ฌด๊ธฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:37
global extreme poverty is projected to rise,
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์ด์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋งŒ์งˆ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์ง€๋งŒ,
03:40
and global human development,
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๊ทธ๋งŒํผ ์‹ค์ œ์ด๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋งŒํผ ์น˜๋ช…์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:42
a measure of the world's education, health and living standards,
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋Œ€์œ ํ–‰๊นŒ์ง€ ๋”ํ•ด์ ธ
03:46
is set to decline for the first time
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์˜ฌํ•ด์—๋Š” 20๋…„ ๋งŒ์— ์ฒ˜์Œ์œผ๋กœ
03:48
since the measure began 30 years ago.
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์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ๊ทน๋นˆ์ธต์ด ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚  ์ „๋ง์ด๋ฉฐ
03:52
COVID-19 has not changed the future yet,
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์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ธ๊ฐ„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ์ง€์ˆ˜,
์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ๊ต์œก, ์œ„์ƒ, ์ƒํ™œ ์ˆ˜์ค€์„ ๊ฐ€๋Š ํ•˜๋Š” ์ง€ํ‘œ๊ฐ€
03:55
but it has revealed these deep flaws in our present
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30๋…„ ์ „ ์ฒ˜์Œ ์ธก์ •๋œ ์ด๋ž˜ ์ฒ˜์Œ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๋ ค ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:59
bringing clarity to the fact
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04:00
that ending this war against ourselves is not about trade-offs.
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์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜19๊ฐ€ ์•„์ง ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊พธ์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์•˜์ง€๋งŒ
04:06
It's not about choosing between people or trees,
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์ง€๊ธˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์•ž์— ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ๊ฒฐํ•จ๋“ค์„ ๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๋ƒˆ๊ณ 
04:09
between poverty or progress.
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04:11
It's about choosing to do things differently.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ž์‹ ์— ๋งž์„  ์ด ์ „์Ÿ์„ ๋๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด
์„ ํƒ์ด ์•„๋‹˜์„ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:16
In the midst of tragedy,
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04:18
the pandemic has also given us a glimpse of what peace could look like,
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์ด๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๊ณผ ๋‚˜๋ฌด ์ค‘์—์„œ ์„ ํƒํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๊ฐ€๋‚œ๊ณผ ์ง„๋ณด ์ค‘์—์„œ ํƒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:22
where we can see the snow cap of a mountain for the first time,
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๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํƒํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:25
because the smog has cleared.
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04:27
That's what happened in Nairobi, my home of many years,
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๋น„๊ทน์˜ ์†Œ์šฉ๋Œ์ด ์†์—์„œ๋„
04:30
and one of the cities where air pollution plummeted
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์ด๋ฒˆ ๋Œ€์œ ํ–‰์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ํ‰ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ค ๋ชจ์Šต์ผ์ง€ ์—ฟ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:33
as human activity slowed down.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์Šค๋ชจ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ๋ผ์ง€์ž ์ฒ˜์Œ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฐ๋ด‰์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋งŒ๋…„์„ค์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:36
Where it takes 10 days and not 10 years
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04:39
for our government to get support to those in need.
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์˜ค๋žœ ์„ธ์›” ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์‚ด์•„์˜จ ๋‚˜์ด๋กœ๋น„์—์„œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:42
That's what happened in Togo,
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์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ํ™œ๋™์ด ๋‘”ํ™”๋˜๋ฉด์„œ
04:44
which set up a digital system in record time to get cash to people
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๋Œ€๊ธฐ ์˜ค์—ผ์ด ์‚ฌ๋ผ์ง„ ๋„์‹œ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜€์ฃ .
๋˜ ์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ๋„์›€์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ์ง€์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ
04:49
unemployed or unable to work because of COVID-19 lockdowns.
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10๋…„์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ 10์ผ์ด ๊ฑธ๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:53
The idea of a green economy that is fair and just,
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ํ† ๊ณ ์—์„œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:56
where people and planet live in balance,
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์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜19 ๋ด‰์‡„ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์‹ค์งํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ผํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ฒŒ ๋œ ์ด๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ
04:59
is not new.
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ํ˜„๊ธˆ์„ ์ง€๊ธ‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๋””์ง€ํ„ธ ์ฒด๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋ก์ ์ธ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋‚ด์— ์ˆ˜๋ฆฝํ–ˆ์ง€์š”.
05:01
But this moment is.
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05:04
And if I have learned one thing
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05:05
since starting out as a young economist years ago,
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๊ณผ ์ง€๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ท ํ˜•์„ ๋งž์ถฐ ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ณตํ‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ณต์ •ํ•œ ๋…น์ƒ‰ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋Š”
05:09
whether I was working with Pattan elders
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05:11
to improve the lives of farmers in Pakistan,
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ฒŒ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ง€๊ธˆ ์ด ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ธฐํšŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:14
or navigating the controversies of building colossal dams,
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๋˜ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ Š์€ ๊ฒฝ์ œํ•™์ž๋กœ ์ถœ๋ฐœํ•œ ์ด๋ž˜ ๋ฐฐ์šด ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
05:17
it's that systems don't change systems;
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05:21
people change systems.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ํŒŒํƒ„์˜ ๋…ธ์ธ๋“ค๊ณผ ์ผํ•˜๋ฉฐ ํŒŒํ‚ค์Šคํƒ„ ๋†๋ถ€๋“ค์˜ ์‚ถ์„ ๊ฐœ์„ ํ•˜๋ ค ํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ์˜€๊ฑด,
05:24
And whether you're a prime minister,
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05:25
a paramedic or a protestor on the street,
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๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋Œ์„ ์ง“๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ๋กœ ๋ถ„์Ÿ์„ ํ—ค์ณ๋‚˜๊ฐ”์„ ๋•Œ์˜€๊ฑด,
05:27
you can choose to change this one.
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์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์ด ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ๋ฐ”๊พผ ์ ์€ ์—†์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:31
The people who are choosing to build forward better from COVID-19
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์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๋Š” ๊ฑด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:35
build on growing momentum,
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์ˆ˜์ƒ์ด ๋๊ฑด ์˜๋ฃŒ๋Œ€์›์ด ๋๊ฑด, ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์‹œ์œ„๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ๋๊ฑด,
05:37
the momentum of people coming onto the streets in protest
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์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๊ฒ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์„ ํƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฑด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:40
from Beirut to Bogota,
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05:42
Quito to Cairo, or New York to New Delhi
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์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜19๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์„ ํƒํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
05:45
against racism and discrimination,
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05:47
climate change,
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์ ์  ๋” ๋™๋ ฅ์„ ์–ป์–ด๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:48
the price of petrol or the cost of a train ticket,
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๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์‹œ์œ„๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋Œ์–ด๋ชจ์œผ๋Š” ๊ทธ ๋™๋ ฅ์€
05:52
all united in a deep and rising frustration
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๋ฒ ์ด๋ฃจํŠธ์—์„œ ๋ณด๊ณ ํƒ€๊นŒ์ง€
ํ‚คํ† ์—์„œ ์นด์ด๋กœ๊นŒ์ง€, ํ˜น์€ ๋‰ด์š•์—์„œ ๋‰ด๋ธ๋ฆฌ๊นŒ์ง€
05:56
with this war we have been waging against ourselves.
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์ธ์ข…์ฃผ์˜์™€ ์ฐจ๋ณ„์— ๋งž์„œ,
๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ณ€ํ™”,
์„์œ  ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ, ํ˜น์€ ์—ด์ฐจํ‘œ ๊ฐ’์— ๋งž์„œ,
06:01
This moment builds on the choices of leaders I met,
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06:04
as I traveled with the United Nations before lockdown.
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๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ๊นŠ๊ณ  ๋†’์•„๋งŒ ๊ฐ€๋Š” ์ขŒ์ ˆ๊ฐ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฐ๋Œ€์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:08
Leaders who choose to do things differently.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ž์‹ ๊ณผ ๋งž์„œ ์‹ธ์šฐ๋Š” ์ด ์ „์Ÿ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ขŒ์ ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:10
Costa Rica made a choice to abolish its army
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06:13
and redirect military spending to education, health
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์ด ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ด‰์‡„ ์ „์— ๊ตญ์ œ ์—ฐํ•ฉ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ถœ์žฅ์„ ๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๋ฉฐ
06:16
and the environment.
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๋งŒ๋‚˜์™”๋˜ ์ง€๋„์ž๋“ค์˜ ์„ ํƒ๋“ค๋กœ ์Œ“์•„์ ธ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:18
Today, they pay people to protect the trees.
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06:20
And as a result,
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๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ธฐ๋กœ ์„ ํƒํ•œ ์ง€๋„์ž๋“ค์ด์ง€์š”.
06:21
forests have regenerated and now cover over half of the country.
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์ฝ”์Šคํƒ€๋ฆฌ์นด๋Š” ๊ตฐ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ํ•ด์‚ฐํ•˜๊ณ 
๊ตฐ์‚ฌ๋น„ ์ง€์ถœ์„ ๊ต์œก, ๋ณด๊ฑด, ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์œผ๋กœ ์ „ํ™˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:26
Or consider Denmark.
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06:27
It has chosen to produce all of its electricity
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06:30
from renewable sources by 2050,
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ , ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ˆฒ์„ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋น„์šฉ์„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ง€๊ธ‰ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:32
and has already passed the halfway mark.
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๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ,
์‚ผ๋ฆผ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ  ์ด์ œ ๊ตญํ† ์˜ ์ ˆ๋ฐ˜ ์ด์ƒ์„ ๋’ค๋ฎ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:34
One of many countries moving in this direction.
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06:38
Thirty years ago,
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๋ด๋งˆํฌ๋ฅผ ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
06:39
powering our economy with renewable energy was science fiction.
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๋ด๋งˆํฌ๋Š” ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ „๋ ฅ์„
2050๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์žฌ์ƒ ์›์ฒœ์—์„œ ์ƒ์‚ฐํ•˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ํ–ˆ๊ณ 
06:44
Ten years ago,
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์ด๋ฏธ ๊ทธ ๋ชฉํ‘œ์˜ ๋ฐ˜ํ™˜์ ์„ ์ง€๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:45
it was considered too expensive.
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์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ๋‚˜๋ผ๋“ค ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ด์ฃ .
06:47
Today, renewable energy costs less
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06:49
and creates more jobs than fossil fuels in many parts of the world,
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์‚ผ์‹ญ ๋…„ ์ „์—๋Š”
์žฌ์ƒ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋กœ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์— ๋™๋ ฅ์„ ๋Œ„๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑด ๊ณต์ƒ ๊ณผํ•™์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:54
and offers the potential to put power,
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06:56
quite literally, back with the people.
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์‹ญ ๋…„ ์ „์—๋Š” ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋น„์‹ธ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ฒผ์ฃ .
06:59
I saw this in Kenya.
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ , ์žฌ์ƒ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋Š” ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ
07:01
Two youth football teams playing their final match
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ํ™”์„์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ณด๋‹ค ๋น„์šฉ๋„ ์ ๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๊ณ  ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์ผ์ž๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐฝ์ถœํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:04
in the Mathare settlement at night,
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07:06
who kept the game going,
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๋˜ ๋ง ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ํž˜์„ ๋˜๋Œ๋ ค์ค„ ์ž ์žฌ๋ ฅ์„ ์ฃผ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:07
thanks to solar-powered LED lights.
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07:11
I saw this change, these better choices,
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์ผ€๋ƒ์—์„œ์˜ ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„ ์ถ•๊ตฌํŒ€๋“ค์ด ๋งˆํƒ€๋ ˆ ์ง€๊ตฌ์—์„œ ๋ฐค์— ๊ฒฐ์Šน์ „์„ ์น˜๋ฅด๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
07:14
with His Majesty the king of Bhutan
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07:16
just turned 40 years old,
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07:18
who chooses to measure progress based on gross national happiness,
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๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฑด ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ LED ์กฐ๋ช… ๋•๋ถ„์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:23
not gross domestic product.
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์ €๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ณ€ํ™”, ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ์„ ํƒ๋“ค์„
07:26
And I saw it on a rooftop
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์ด์ œ ๋ง‰ 40์„ธ๊ฐ€ ๋œ ๋ถ€ํƒ„์˜ ๊ตญ์™•์ด ์ด๋ˆ ๋ณ€ํ™”์—์„œ ๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:28
in Khartoum with the young people who led the revolution in Sudan in 2019.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ตญ๋ฏผ ์ด ํ–‰๋ณต์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐœ์ „์„ ๊ฐ€๋Š ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:33
Young women and men
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07:35
who came out onto the streets with everything to lose,
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๊ตญ๋‚ด ์ด ์ƒ์‚ฐ(GDP)์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ์š”.
07:38
who spoke up for political change with conviction and courage
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๋˜ ์ €๋Š” 2019๋…„ ์ˆ˜๋‹จ์—์„œ
ํ˜๋ช…์„ ์ฃผ๋„ํ•œ ์ Š์€์ด๋“ค์„ ์นผํˆผ์˜ ์ง€๋ถ• ์œ„์—์„œ ๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:42
and who ultimately changed the course of their country.
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์ Š์€ ์—ฌ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๋‚จ์„ฑ๋“ค์ด
07:46
These are the people,
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๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฑธ ์žƒ์„ ๊ฐ์˜ค๋กœ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ๋‚˜์™”๊ณ ,
07:48
the first generation of the Anthropocene who are writing the next chapter
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ํ™•์‹ ๊ณผ ์šฉ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์ •์น˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ชฉ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋†’์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ,
07:53
for people and planet in this unprecedented moment.
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๊ทธ๋“ค ๋‚˜๋ผ์˜ ๊ฒฝ๋กœ๋ฅผ ๊ถ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊พธ์–ด ๋†“์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:57
And with each choice they make,
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์ด๋“ค์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ
08:00
with each choice we all make,
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์ธ๋ฅ˜์„ธ์˜ ์ฒซ ์„ธ๋Œ€๋กœ์„œ
08:02
the future we want gets closer.
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์ด ์ „๋ก€์—†๋Š” ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์— ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๊ณผ ์ง€๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋‹ค์Œ ์žฅ์„ ์“ฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:05
Just like the Knotted Gun,
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08:07
there is another piece of art at the United Nations
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋‚ด๋ฆฐ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ์„ ํƒ๋“ค๋กœ,
08:10
that I think about.
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08:12
A poem by a great Persian poet, Saadi.
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๋˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ํ•œ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ์„ ํƒ๋“ค๋กœ,
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋Š” ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋Š” ์ ์  ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์›Œ ์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:16
The poem is embroidered on a giant carpet
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๊ผฌ์—ฌ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด๊ณผ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ
08:18
that hangs on the wall inside the UN building.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ์˜ˆ์ˆ  ์ž‘ํ’ˆ์ด ๊ตญ์ œ ์—ฐํ•ฉ์— ๋˜ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:21
beneath which diplomats and staff from all nations
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08:24
work together every day towards that future we want.
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ํŽ˜๋ฅด์‹œ์•„์˜ ์œ„๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‹œ์ธ์ธ ์‚ฌ์•„๋””์˜ ์‹œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:28
Saadi wrote that all the people on the planet
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๊ทธ ์‹œ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์นดํŽ˜ํŠธ์— ์ˆ˜๋†“์•„์ ธ์„œ
์œ ์—” ๊ฑด๋ฌผ ๋‚ด๋ถ€ ๋ฒฝ์— ๊ฑธ๋ ค์žˆ์ฃ .
08:31
are like different parts of the same body.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ํ–ฅํ•ด ๋งค์ผ ๋งค์ผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ผํ•˜๋Š”
08:34
Different, but united as if limbs of each other.
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๋ชจ๋“  ๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ์ถœ์‹ ์˜ ์™ธ๊ต๊ด€๋“ค๊ณผ ์ง์›๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ ์•„๋ž˜์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:40
It was that idea that led the generation before us
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์‚ฌ์•„๋””๋Š” ์ง€๊ตฌ ์ƒ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
08:42
to come together in the wake of war
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ํ•œ๋ชธ์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ถ€๋ถ„๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:45
to create the United Nations 75 years ago.
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๋‹ค๋ฅด์ง€๋งŒ ํŒ”๋‹ค๋ฆฌ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์—ฎ์—ฌ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:49
The idea that though we are different, we must choose to be united,
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์ด ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์•ž ์„ธ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ์ „์Ÿ์„ ๊ณ„๊ธฐ๋กœ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋ชจ์—ฌ
08:53
but now it's our turn.
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08:56
Our challenge is to come together to preserve our collective self-interest
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75๋…„ ์ „ ๊ตญ์ œ ์—ฐํ•ฉ์„ ์ฐฝ๋ฆฝํ•˜๋„๋ก ์ด๋ˆ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:01
and humanity
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋น„๋ก ๋‹ค๋ฅด์ง€๋งŒ, ์—ฐํ•ฉํ•ด์•ผํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ทธ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋Š”
09:02
rather than tearing ourselves asunder.
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์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ชซ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:06
People and planet in balance,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ณผ์ œ๋Š” ์ง‘๋‹จ์  ์ด์ต๊ณผ ์ธ๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ๋ณด์กดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
09:09
building lasting sustainable peace.
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09:13
Thank you.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ๋ฅผ
๋ฟ”๋ฟ”์ด ์ฐข์–ด๋†“๊ธฐ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋ญ‰์น˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์‚ฌ๋žŒ๊ณผ ์ง€๊ตฌ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ๊ท ํ˜•,
์˜ค๋ž˜๋„๋ก ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ํ‰ํ™”๋ฅผ ์ด๋ฃฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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