The Future of the Food Ecosystem -- and the Power of Your Plate | Ndidi Okonkwo Nwuneli

60,294 views ใƒป 2022-05-29

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืชืจื’ื•ื: Guy Ernest ืขืจื™ื›ื”: Naama Lieberman
00:04
My name, Ndidi, means patience in Igbo.
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ืฉืžื™, ื ื“ื™ื“ื™, ืคื™ืจื•ืฉื• ืกื‘ืœื ื•ืช ื‘ืื™ื’ื‘ื•.
00:08
But I'm probably one of the most impatient people you've ever met.
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ื›ื ืจืื” ืื—ื“ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื—ืกืจื™ ื”ืกื‘ืœื ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืคื’ืฉืชื ืื™ ืคืขื
00:12
I was in such a rush to enter the world
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ืžื™ื”ืจืชื™ ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืœื”ื™ื›ื ืก ืœืขื•ืœื
00:15
that I was born in the parking lot
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ืฉื ื•ืœื“ืชื™ ื‘ืžื’ืจืฉ ื”ื—ื ื™ื”
00:17
of the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital.
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ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืฉืœ ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ื ื™ื’ืจื™ื”.
00:19
True story.
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ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืืžื™ืชื™.
00:21
Agriculture was my favorite subject in school.
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ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืข ื”ืื”ื•ื‘ ืขืœื™ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ.
00:25
My mom remembers me squealing for joy
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ืื™ืžื ืฉืœื™ ื–ื•ื›ืจืช ืื•ืชื™ ืฆื•ื•ื—ืช ืžืฉืžื—ื”
00:28
when I ran home from school
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ื›ืืฉืจ ืจืฆืชื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืชื” ืžื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ
00:29
and saw green beans ready for harvesting.
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ื•ืจืื™ืชื™ ืฉืขื•ืขื™ืช ื™ืจื•ืงื” ืžื•ื›ื ื” ืœืงืฆื™ืจ.
00:33
Or when I sold a bag of avocados in our local market.
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ืื• ื›ืฉืžื›ืจืชื™ ืฉืงื™ืช ืื‘ื•ืงื“ื• ื‘ืฉื•ืง ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ ืฉืœื ื•.
00:38
I considered studying agriculture in school,
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ืฉืงืœืชื™ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ,
00:41
but instead opted to study business
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื–ืืช ื‘ื—ืจืชื™ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืขืกืงื™ื
00:44
and started in corporate America.
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ื•ื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ื‘ืืžืจื™ืงื” ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ืช.
00:46
But many twists and turns led me back to my first love:
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ืื‘ืœ ืคื™ืชื•ืœื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœื• ืื•ืชื™ ื‘ื—ื–ืจื” ืœืื”ื‘ื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉืœื™:
00:51
consulting, working with entrepreneurs and then starting businesses.
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ื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ, ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืขื ื™ื–ืžื™ื ื•ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ื”ืงืžืช ืขืกืงื™ื.
00:56
A defining moment for me was in 2007,
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ืจื’ืข ืžื›ื•ื ืŸ ืขื‘ื•ืจื™ ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืฉื ืช 2007,
01:00
during the first world food crisis in my adult life.
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ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืžืฉื‘ืจ ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื‘ื—ื™ื™ ื”ื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื.
01:03
I recognized how connected we were.
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ื–ื™ื”ื™ืชื™ ื›ืžื” ืžื—ื•ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื™ื™ื ื•.
01:06
Oil price shocks led to cereal price hikes,
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ื–ืขื–ื•ืข ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจื™ ื”ื ืคื˜ ื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืœืขืœื™ื™ืช ืžื—ื™ืจื™ ื”ื“ื’ื ื™ื,
01:10
which affected bread prices all over the world.
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ืฉื”ืฉืคื™ืขื• ืขืœ ืžื—ื™ืจื™ ื”ืœื—ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื.
01:14
And the most vulnerable were hurt.
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ื•ื”ืคื’ื™ืขื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื ืคื’ืขื•.
01:19
Fourteen years later, my impatience has grown.
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ืืจื‘ืข ืขืฉืจื” ืฉื ื™ื ืžืื•ื—ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื—ื•ืกืจ ื”ืกื‘ืœื ื•ืช ืฉืœื™ ื’ื“ืœ.
01:23
Weโ€™re even more connected,
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืืคื™ืœื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื—ื•ื‘ืจื™ื,
01:25
and our food ecosystem is even more broken.
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ื•ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื ื• ืืคื™ืœื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉื‘ื•ืจื”.
01:28
Thankfully, the Rockefeller Foundation has some pioneering research
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ืœืžืจื‘ื” ื”ืžื–ืœ, ืœืงืจืŸ ืจื•ืงืคืœืจ ื™ืฉ ืžื—ืงืจ ื—ืœื•ืฆื™
01:32
on the true cost of food in the United States,
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ืขืœ ื”ืขืœื•ืช ื”ืืžืชื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื‘ืืจืฆื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช,
01:35
which indicates that even though we spend 1.1 trillion
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ืžื” ืฉืžืขื™ื“ ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžื•ืฆื™ืื™ื 1.1 ื˜ืจื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืœืจ
01:38
on our annual food expenditure,
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ืขืœ ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื”ืฉื ืชื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•,
01:40
we actually spend 2.1 trillion on costs linked to health
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืœืžืขืฉื” ืžื•ืฆื™ืื™ื 2.1 ื˜ืจื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืœืจ ืขืœ ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืงืฉื•ืจื•ืช ืœื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช
01:46
and climate,
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ื•ืืงืœื™ื,
01:47
all because of our broken food ecosystem.
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ื•ื”ื›ืœ ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืจื” ืฉืœื ื•.
01:50
These same statistics have been replicated all over the world.
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ืื•ืชื ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืกื˜ื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™ื™ื ืฉื•ื›ืคืœื• ื‘ื›ืœ ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื.
01:55
In fact, according to the UN Food Systems Scientific Group,
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ืœืžืขืฉื”, ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ื”ืžื“ืขื™ืช ืฉืœ ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืื•โ€œื,
01:59
our food system is value-destroying.
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ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื ื• ื”ื•ืจืกืช ืขืจืš.
02:04
There's a need for urgent action.
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ื™ืฉ ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืคืขื•ืœื” ื“ื—ื•ืคื”.
02:07
From at least three lenses.
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ืžืชื•ืš ืœืคื—ื•ืช ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืขื“ืฉื•ืช.
02:10
A health lens,
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ืขื“ืฉืช ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช,
02:12
an equity lens and a climate lens.
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ืขื“ืฉืช ืฆื“ืง ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ ื•ืขื“ืฉืช ืืงืœื™ื.
02:17
Starting with the climate lens,
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ื ืชื—ื™ืœ ืžืขื“ืฉืช ื”ืืงืœื™ื,
02:20
we must modify how we grow food and reduce food waste.
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ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ืื ื• ืžื’ื“ืœื™ื ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื•ืœื”ืคื—ื™ืช ืืช ื‘ื–ื‘ื•ื– ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ.
02:25
Our food ecosystem is one of the largest contributors to climate change.
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ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื ื• ื”ื™ื ืื—ืช ื”ืชื•ืจืžื•ืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ ืืงืœื™ื.
02:30
We keep cutting down trees to grow more food,
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื™ื ืœื›ืจื•ืช ืขืฆื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื’ื“ืœ ืขื•ื“ ืžื–ื•ืŸ,
02:34
and we keep wasting food which ends up in landfills and rots,
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื™ื ืœื‘ื–ื‘ื– ืžื–ื•ืŸ ืฉืžืกืชื™ื™ื ื‘ืžื–ื‘ืœื•ืช ื•ื ืจืงื‘,
02:39
generates methane.
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ืคื•ืœื˜ ืžืชืืŸ.
02:41
The good news is that we have the technology
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ื”ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”
02:44
and the science today
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ื•ื”ืžื“ืข ื”ื™ื•ื
02:46
to grow enough food to feed the world
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ืœื’ื“ืœ ืžืกืคื™ืง ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืื›ื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื
02:48
and to address our food waste problems.
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ื•ืœื˜ืคืœ ื‘ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื‘ื–ื‘ื•ื– ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื ื•.
02:51
We have the knowledge,
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ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื”ื™ื“ืข,
02:52
but we're not using it.
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ื•.
02:55
There are exciting examples from my ecosystem
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ื™ืฉ ื“ื•ื’ืžืื•ืช ืžืจื’ืฉื•ืช ืžื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืืงื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช ืฉืœื™
02:57
where we're seeing dramatic impact.
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ืฉื‘ื”ืŸ ืื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ื”ืฉืคืขื” ื“ืจืžื˜ื™ืช.
03:01
The Songhai Center in Benin Republic
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ืžืจื›ื– ืกื•ื ื’ื”ืื™ ื‘ืจืคื•ื‘ืœื™ืงืช ื‘ื ื™ืŸ
03:04
educates young Africans on regenerative agriculture
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ืžื—ื ืš ืืคืจื™ืงืื™ื ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ืžืชื—ื“ืฉืช
03:06
and zero-waste total production.
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ื•ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ื›ื•ืœืœ ื‘ืืคืก ืคืกื•ืœืช.
03:09
And one of these young people is doing just that.
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ื•ืื—ื“ ื”ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืขื•ืฉื” ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืืช ื–ื”.
03:13
Through his company, Bioloop,
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ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืฉืœื•, Bioloop,
03:15
he's feeding waste, cassava peels, yam peels,
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ื”ื•ื ืžืื›ื™ืœ ืคืกื•ืœืช, ืงืœื™ืคื•ืช ืงืกื‘ื”, ืงืœื™ืคื•ืช ื‘ื˜ื˜ื”,
03:20
to black soldier fly larva.
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ืœื–ื—ืœ ืฉืœ ื–ื‘ื•ื‘ ื—ื™ื™ืœ ืฉื—ื•ืจ.
03:23
They're growing really quickly and becoming wonderful fish feed.
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ื”ื ื’ื“ืœื™ื ืžืžืฉ ืžื”ืจ ื•ื”ื•ืคื›ื™ื ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื“ื’ื™ื ื ืคืœื.
03:27
The byproducts and the residue from this process
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ืชื•ืฆืจื™ ื”ืœื•ื•ืื™ ื•ื”ืฉืืจื™ื•ืช ืžืชื”ืœื™ืš ื–ื”
03:31
is wonderful soil supplements.
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ื”ื ืชื•ืกืคื™ ืงืจืงืข ื ืคืœืื™ื.
03:34
And the entire production process is run on renewable energy.
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ื•ื›ืœ ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ืžืชื ื”ืœ ืขืœ ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ืžืชื—ื“ืฉืช.
03:38
Through my work with Sahel Consulting,
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ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื™ ื‘ื—ื‘ืจืช ื”ื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ Sahel
03:41
we're demonstrating that farmers can double and triple yields
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ืื ื• ืžื“ื’ื™ืžื™ื ืฉื—ืงืœืื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื›ืคื™ืœ ื•ืœืฉืœืฉ ื™ื‘ื•ืœื™ื
03:45
without hurting the environment.
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ืžื‘ืœื™ ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”.
03:47
We're using technology and science from our local research institutions,
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื•ื‘ืžื“ืข ืžืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื”ืžื—ืงืจ ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื™ื ืฉืœื ื•,
03:52
and we're proving that in Africa,
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื•ื›ื™ื—ื™ื ืฉื‘ืืคืจื™ืงื”,
03:53
there are great examples for the rest of the world to emulate.
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ื™ืฉ ื“ื•ื’ืžืื•ืช ื ื”ื“ืจื•ืช ืฉืฉืืจ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืœืžื•ื“.
03:57
Now we need to scale these interventions.
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืจื—ื™ื‘ ืืช ื”ื”ืชืขืจื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืืœื”.
04:00
And we need to ensure that our governments,
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉื”ืžืžืฉืœื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•,
04:03
our private sector, our farmers,
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ื”ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ ืฉืœื ื•, ื”ื—ืงืœืื™ื ืฉืœื ื•,
04:05
are incentivized to change behavior and to improve lives.
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ื™ืงื‘ืœื• ืชืžืจื™ืฅ ืœืฉื ื•ืช ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื•ืœืฉืคืจ ื—ื™ื™ื.
04:10
If you're as impatient as I am, you also have a role to play,
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ืื ืืชื ื—ืกืจื™ ืกื‘ืœื ื•ืช ื›ืžื•ื ื™, ื™ืฉ ืœื›ื ื’ื ืชืคืงื™ื“ ืœืฉื—ืง,
04:14
by reducing the food waste in your home.
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ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืคื—ืชืช ื‘ื–ื‘ื•ื– ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื‘ื‘ื™ืชื›ื.
04:17
Every single person here can take up a policy
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ื›ืœ ืื“ื ื›ืืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื ืงื•ื˜ ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช
04:20
to ensure that their schools, their companies,
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืกืคืจ ืฉืœื”ื, ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื,
04:24
their civil society groups have a sustainability policy
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ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ืช ืฉืœื”ื ื™ืฉ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช
04:27
and a food waste policy.
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ื•ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืคืกื•ืœืช ืžื–ื•ืŸ.
04:29
And please don't tell your children to finish their dinner
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ื•ื‘ื‘ืงืฉื” ืืœ ืชื’ื™ื“ื• ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื›ื ืœืกื™ื™ื ืืช ืืจื•ื—ืช ื”ืขืจื‘ ืฉืœื”ื
04:32
because there are hungry children anywhere.
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ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืจืขื‘ื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื.
04:34
Tell them to finish their dinner because itโ€™s good for the environment,
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ืชื’ื™ื“ ืœื”ื ืœืกื™ื™ื ืืช ืืจื•ื—ืช ื”ืขืจื‘ ืฉืœื”ื ื›ื™ ื–ื” ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”,
04:38
and healthy food is good for them.
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ื•ืื•ื›ืœ ื‘ืจื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื”ื.
04:42
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
04:45
Second, we must ensure that healthy food is affordable
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ืฉื ื™ืช, ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉืžื–ื•ืŸ ื‘ืจื™ื ื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืจ ื”ืฉื’ื”
04:48
and accessible for the most vulnerable.
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ื•ื ื’ื™ืฉ ืœืคื’ื™ืขื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ.
04:52
This is a huge challenge.
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ื–ื”ื• ืืชื’ืจ ืขืฆื•ื.
04:55
Unhealthy food kills.
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ืžื–ื•ืŸ ืœื ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื•ืจื’.
04:57
And we know this.
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืืช ื–ื”.
04:59
One out of every five deaths is linked to unhealthy food.
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ืื—ื“ ืžื›ืœ ื—ืžื™ืฉื” ืžืงืจื™ ืžื•ื•ืช ืงืฉื•ืจ ืœืžื–ื•ืŸ ืœื ื‘ืจื™ื.
05:03
And yet, one third of our world's population
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ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืืช, ืฉืœื™ืฉ ืžืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ืฉืœื ื•
05:05
cannot afford a healthy diet.
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ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืขืฆืžื• ืชื–ื•ื ื” ื‘ืจื™ืื”.
05:08
This is a big challenge.
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ื–ื”ื• ืืชื’ืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœ.
05:11
Now food is medicine.
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืื•ื›ืœ ื”ื•ื ืชืจื•ืคื”.
05:13
Healthy food gives us long and productive lives.
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ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื‘ืจื™ื ื ื•ืชืŸ ืœื ื• ื—ื™ื™ื ืืจื•ื›ื™ื ื•ื™ืฆืจื ื™ื™ื.
05:16
And during COVID, we've seen the impact of closures,
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ื•ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืงื•ืจื•ื ื” ืจืื™ื ื• ืืช ื”ื”ืฉืคืขื” ืฉืœ ืกื’ืจื™ื,
05:22
shipping challenges that have affected food prices,
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ืืชื’ืจื™ ืฉื™ืœื•ื— ืฉื”ืฉืคื™ืขื• ืขืœ ืžื—ื™ืจื™ ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ,
05:26
and the most vulnerable have had to shift from healthy diets to unhealthy diets
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ื•ื”ืคื’ื™ืขื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื ืืœืฆื• ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžืชื–ื•ื ื” ื‘ืจื™ืื” ืœืชื–ื•ื ื” ืœื ื‘ืจื™ืื”
05:31
because they are cheaper.
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ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื ื–ื•ืœื” ื™ื•ืชืจ.
05:33
This has caused more damage to lives all over the world.
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ื–ื” ื’ืจื ื ื–ืง ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื.
05:38
We must take a stand on this, and we can learn a lot from Africa.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื ืงื•ื˜ ืขืžื“ื” ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื–ื”, ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžืืคืจื™ืงื”.
05:42
There Hadzabe people in Tanzania live in harmony with the land,
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ืฉื ืื ืฉื™ ื”ื“ื–ื‘ื” ื‘ื˜ื ื–ื ื™ื” ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ื”ืจืžื•ื ื™ื” ืขื ื”ืื“ืžื”,
05:46
and through their lives,
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ื•ื“ืจืš ื—ื™ื™ื”ื,
05:48
weโ€™ve seen the ability to have a healthy diet.
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ืจืื™ื ื• ืืช ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœืงื‘ืœ ืชื–ื•ื ื” ื‘ืจื™ืื”.
05:52
They eat ten times more fiber than the average American.
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ื”ื ืื•ื›ืœื™ื ืคื™ ืขืฉืจื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืกื™ื‘ื™ื ืžืืฉืจ ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ ื”ืžืžื•ืฆืข.
05:56
Oftentimes we don't realize that even in our own traditional communities,
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ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื ืฉืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•,
06:00
we have so much to learn.
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ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื”ืจื‘ื” ืœืœืžื•ื“.
06:04
In urban communities,
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ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ืขื™ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช,
06:05
we also have exciting social enterprises like mDoc
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ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื’ื ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื ืžืจื’ืฉื™ื ื›ืžื• mDoc
06:08
that's using digital technology, cell phones and training
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ื”ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืœื™ืช, ื˜ืœืคื•ื ื™ื ืกืœื•ืœืจื™ื™ื ื•ื”ื“ืจื›ื”
06:13
to get urban populations that are struggling with diabetes,
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื’ืจื ืœืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื•ืช ืขื™ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืžืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ืขื ืกื•ื›ืจืช,
06:17
high blood pressure and so many other health challenges
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ืœื—ืฅ ื“ื ื’ื‘ื•ื” ื•ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื”ืจื‘ื” ืืชื’ืจื™ื ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืชื™ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื
06:20
linked to eating ultra-processed food
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ื”ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ืœืื›ื™ืœืช ืžื–ื•ืŸ ืžืขื•ื‘ื“ ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“
06:23
to shift to more traditional diets, and theyโ€™re seeing measurable outcomes.
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ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ืœืชื–ื•ื ื” ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื•ื”ื ืจื•ืื™ื ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ืžื“ื™ื“ื•ืช.
06:27
We must scale these type of interventions,
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ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ืจื—ื™ื‘ ื”ืชืขืจื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช ืžืกื•ื’ ื–ื”,
06:29
but we must also hold our private sector companies responsible
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ืื‘ืœ ืขืœื™ื ื• ื’ื ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื‘ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ ืฉืœื ื• ืœืงื—ืช ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช
06:33
for the amount of sugar and salt contained in food.
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ืœื›ืžื•ืช ื”ืกื•ื›ืจ ื•ื”ืžืœื— ื”ื›ืœื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืžื–ื•ืŸ.
06:36
We must set standards for what healthy food is
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ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืกื˜ื ื“ืจื˜ื™ื ืžื”ื• ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื‘ืจื™ื
06:40
and define healthy food
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ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืจ ืื•ื›ืœ ื‘ืจื™ื
06:42
according to plant-based diet, low salt, low sugar,
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ืขืœ ืคื™ ืชื–ื•ื ื” ืฆืžื—ื™ืช, ื“ืœืช ืžืœื—, ื“ืœืช ืกื•ื›ืจ,
06:46
and keep all of us accountable.
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ื•ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ื›ื•ืœื ื• ืื—ืจืื™ื.
06:48
We must also encourage our governments and ensure that at the local,
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ืขืœื™ื ื• ื’ื ืœืขื•ื“ื“ ืืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื•ืช ืฉืœื ื• ื•ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉื‘ืจืžื” ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ืช,
06:52
state and federal level,
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ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื•ื”ืคื“ืจืœื™ืช,
06:54
our school feeding programs prioritize healthy food,
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ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ื”ื–ื ื” ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืกืคืจ ืฉืœื ื• ืžืชืขื“ืคื•ืช ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื‘ืจื™ื,
06:56
our public procurement programs prioritize healthy food,
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ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืจื›ืฉ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื• ืžืชืขื“ืคื•ืช ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื‘ืจื™ื,
06:59
and collectively, we ensure that we keep the standards high for everybody,
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ื•ื‘ื™ื—ื“, ืื ื• ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื™ื ืฉื ืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ืกื˜ื ื“ืจื˜ื™ื ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื™ื ืœื›ื•ืœื,
07:06
every child.
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ืœื›ืœ ื™ืœื“.
07:07
If you are as impatient as me,
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ืื ืืชื ื—ืกืจื™ ืกื‘ืœื ื•ืช ื›ืžื•ื ื™,
07:09
you must also set standards
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ืขืœื™ื›ื ื’ื ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืกื˜ื ื“ืจื˜ื™ื
07:10
and hold those in your spheres of influence accountable
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ื•ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœืืœื” ืฉื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ื”ืฉืคืขื” ืฉืœื›ื ืœืงื‘ืœ ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช
07:14
for delivering unhealthy food for the most vulnerable.
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ืœืžืชืŸ ืžื–ื•ืŸ ืœื ื‘ืจื™ื ืœืคื’ื™ืขื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ.
07:18
Third, we must support small- and medium-sized enterprises.
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ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช, ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœืชืžื•ืš ื‘ืžืคืขืœื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™ื™ื.
07:23
In the food ecosystem,
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ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืืงื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ,
07:24
small- and medium-sized enterprises are the bedrock of our economy.
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ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™ื™ื ื”ื ื”ื‘ืกื™ืก ืฉืœ ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื” ืฉืœื ื•.
07:28
They create jobs, they are innovative,
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ื”ื ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ื”ื ื—ื“ืฉื ื™ื™ื,
07:31
and they can pivot very quickly.
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ื•ื”ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืชืžืจืŸ ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืจื‘ื”.
07:34
But during the pandemic, we've seen something.
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืžื’ืคื”, ืจืื™ื ื• ืžืฉื”ื•.
07:36
They are most affected by shocks.
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ื”ื ืžื•ืฉืคืขื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื–ืขื–ื•ืขื™ื.
07:39
The mortality rates of small- and medium-sized enterprises
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ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ื”ืชืžื•ืชื” ืฉืœ ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™ื™ื
07:43
in the food ecosystem has been quite high.
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ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืืงื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื• ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื™ื ืœืžื“ื™.
07:46
Now through my work,
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื“ืจืš ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื™,
07:47
Iโ€™ve seen the value and the power of small- and medium-sized enterprises.
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ืจืื™ืชื™ ืืช ื”ืขืจืš ื•ืืช ื”ื›ื•ื— ืฉืœ ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™ื™ื.
07:51
I'm the co-founder of a food company called AACE Foods.
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ืื ื™ ืžื™ื™ืกื“ืช ืฉื•ืชืคื” ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจืช ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื‘ืฉื AACE Foods.
07:55
Over 50 percent of our staff are women.
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ืžืขืœ 50 ืื—ื•ื– ืžื”ืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื• ื”ืŸ ื ืฉื™ื.
07:57
Fifty percent of our board are women.
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ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ื ืื—ื•ื– ืžื”ื”ื ื”ืœื” ืฉืœื ื• ื”ืŸ ื ืฉื™ื.
07:59
And we produce healthy food, sourced from over 10,000 farmers.
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื™ื™ืฆืจื™ื ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื‘ืจื™ื, ืฉืžืงื•ืจื• ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืž-10,000 ื—ืงืœืื™ื.
08:03
Through this company,
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ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื–ื•,
08:05
we're demonstrating that when you empower women,
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื“ื’ื™ืžื™ื ืฉื›ืฉืืชื ืžืขืฆื™ืžื™ื ื ืฉื™ื,
08:08
you empower communities.
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ืืชื ืžืขืฆื™ืžื™ื ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช.
08:09
One product that we sell has a ripple effect through the entire ecosystem.
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ืœืžื•ืฆืจ ืื—ื“ ืฉืื ื• ืžื•ื›ืจื™ื ื™ืฉ ืืคืงื˜ ืื“ื•ื•ื” ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืืงื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช.
08:15
Another company that's worthy of emulation is Twiga,
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ื—ื‘ืจื” ื ื•ืกืคืช ืฉืจืื•ื™ื” ืœื—ื™ืงื•ื™ ื”ื™ื Twiga,
08:19
using mobile money and cell phones to connect farmers to urban retailers.
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ื”ืžืฉืชืžืฉืช ื‘ื›ืกืฃ ื ื™ื™ื“ ื•ื‘ื˜ืœืคื•ื ื™ื ืกืœื•ืœืจื™ื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื—ื‘ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ืงืœืื™ื ืœืงืžืขื•ื ืื™ื ืขื™ืจื•ื ื™ื™ื.
08:25
Now their efficiency and removing the middlemen,
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ื›ืขืช ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืชื ื•ื”ืกืจืช ื”ืžืชื•ื•ื›ื™ื,
08:29
creating shorter value chains, ensures that not only the farmer benefits,
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ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืฉืจืฉืจืื•ืช ืขืจืš ืงืฆืจื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื” ืฉืœื ืจืง ื”ื—ืงืœืื™ ืžืจื•ื•ื™ื—,
08:33
the retailer benefits,
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ื”ืงืžืขื•ื ืื™ ืžืจื•ื•ื™ื—,
08:35
but the consumer has access to healthier food.
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ื•ื’ื ืœืฆืจื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ื’ื™ืฉื” ืœืžื–ื•ืŸ ื‘ืจื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ.
08:37
And finally, I'm most inspired by these dynamic women entrepreneurs.
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ื•ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ, ืื ื™ ืžืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืฉืจืื” ืจื‘ื” ืžื”ื ืฉื™ื ื”ื™ื–ืžื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ื ืžื™ื•ืช ื”ืืœื”.
08:42
Through Nourishing Africa,
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ื“ืจืš Nourishing Africa
08:43
I work with enterprises in 37 African countries
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ืื ื™ ืขื•ื‘ื“ืช ืขื ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ื‘-37 ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืืคืจื™ืงืื™ื•ืช
08:46
who are scaling sustainable businesses,
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ืฉืžืจื—ื™ื‘ื™ื ืขืกืงื™ื ื‘ืจื™ ืงื™ื™ืžื,
08:48
building healthy food companies
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ื‘ื•ื ื™ื ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื‘ืจื™ื
08:50
and demonstrating that strong,
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ื•ืžื“ื’ื™ืžื™ื ื›ื™ ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ื—ื–ืงื™ื,
08:53
small- and medium-sized enterprises,
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ืงื˜ื ื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™ื™ื,
08:55
committed to sustainable agriculture and healthy food,
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ื”ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื‘ืช-ืงื™ื™ืžื ื•ืœืžื–ื•ืŸ ื‘ืจื™ื,
08:59
can become change agents.
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ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืœืกื•ื›ื ื™ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™.
09:01
We need to support our small- and medium-sized enterprises,
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ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœืชืžื•ืš ื‘ืžืคืขืœื™ื ื”ืงื˜ื ื™ื ื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื ื•,
09:04
creating an enabling environment for them,
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ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืœื”ื ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ืžืืคืฉืจืช,
09:06
providing catalytic financing,
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ืœืกืคืง ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ืงื˜ืœื™ื˜ื™,
09:08
enabling them to scale,
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ืœืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื ืœื’ื“ื•ืœ,
09:10
and supporting women-owned businesses,
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ื•ืœืชืžื•ืš ื‘ืขืกืงื™ื ื‘ื‘ืขืœื•ืช ื ืฉื™ื,
09:14
especially businesses run by young women.
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ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืขืกืงื™ื ื”ืžื ื•ื”ืœื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื ืฉื™ื ืฆืขื™ืจื•ืช.
09:17
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
09:21
In the food ecosystem, we're often told to be patient
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ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืืงื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ, ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืœื ื• ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืกื‘ืœื ื™ื™ื
09:25
when we plant the seed to let it grow.
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ื›ืฉืฉื•ืชืœื™ื ืืช ื”ื–ืจืข ื›ื“ื™ ืœืชืช ืœื• ืœืฆืžื•ื—.
09:27
We're often told to let the vegetables simmer
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ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ื ืืžืจ ืœื ื• ืœืชืช ืœื™ืจืงื•ืช ืœื”ืชื‘ืฉืœ
09:31
so that the juices will flow.
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ื›ืš ืฉื”ืžื™ืฆื™ื ื™ื–ืจืžื•.
09:33
We're told that "ndidiamaka," patience is a virtue.
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ื ืืžืจ ืœื ื• ื›ื™ โ€œื ื“ื™ื“ื™ืืžืงื”โ€, ืกื‘ืœื ื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืžืขืœื”.
09:37
But a wise woman once said,
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ืื‘ืœ ืื™ืฉื” ื—ื›ืžื” ืืžืจื” ืคืขื,
09:39
"For the dreamer, impatience is a virtue."
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โ€œืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื—ื•ืœื, ื—ื•ืกืจ ืกื‘ืœื ื•ืช ื”ื•ื ืžืขืœื”ืด.
09:44
I am impatient about the current pace of change in the food ecosystem.
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ืื ื™ ื—ืกืจืช ืกื‘ืœื ื•ืช ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืงืฆื‘ ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืืงื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ.
09:50
And I think we all must be courageous and bold to transform this landscape.
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ื•ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืฉื›ื•ืœื ื• ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืืžื™ืฆื™ื ื•ื ื•ืขื–ื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื ื•ืฃ ื”ื–ื”.
09:57
The next time you eat a meal, ask yourself a few questions.
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ื‘ืคืขื ื”ื‘ืื” ืฉืืชื ืื•ื›ืœื™ื ืืจื•ื—ื”, ืฉืืœื• ืืช ืขืฆืžื›ื ื›ืžื” ืฉืืœื•ืช.
10:02
Who grew this food?
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ืžื™ ื’ื™ื“ืœ ืืช ื”ืื•ื›ืœ ื”ื–ื”?
10:04
Where was it grown?
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ืื™ืคื” ื”ื•ื ื’ื“ืœ?
10:06
When was it grown?
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ืžืชื™ ื”ื•ื ื’ื“ืœ?
10:07
How many steps and stops did it make before it got to your table?
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ื›ืžื” ืฆืขื“ื™ื ื•ืขืฆื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื•ื ืขืฉื” ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ืฉืœืš?
10:12
How much food waste was generated because of this meal?
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ื›ืžื” ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื”ืชื‘ื–ื‘ื– ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื”ืืจื•ื—ื” ื”ื–ื•?
10:16
Let your answers influence your next meal.
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ืชืŸ ืœืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœืš ืœื”ืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ื”ืืจื•ื—ื” ื”ื‘ืื” ืฉืœืš.
10:20
The fact that you have a choice
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ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืš ื‘ื—ื™ืจื”
10:23
gives you privilege
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ื ื•ืชื ืช ืœืš ืคืจื™ื‘ื™ืœื’ื™ื”
10:25
and also gives you a voice
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ื•ื’ื ื ื•ืชื ืช ืœืš ืงื•ืœ
10:27
to demand that the solutions to the food ecosystem
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ืœื“ืจื•ืฉ ืฉื”ืคืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ืœืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืืงื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ
10:30
align with what works for people and planet.
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ื™ืชืื™ืžื• ืœืžื” ืฉืขื•ื‘ื“ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืื ืฉื™ื ื•ื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืืจืฅ.
10:34
We must collectively create a food ecosystem
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ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ื‘ื™ื—ื“ ืžืขืจื›ืช ืืงื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช ืฉืœ ืžื–ื•ืŸ
10:39
that works not just for us but for future generations.
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ืฉืขื•ื‘ื“ืช ืœื ืจืง ืขื‘ื•ืจื ื• ืืœื ืœืžืขืŸ ื”ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ืื™ื.
10:43
Our children and grandchildren will hold us accountable
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ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื• ื•ื ื›ื“ื™ื ื• ื™ืจืื• ืื•ืชื ื• ืื—ืจืื™ื™ื
10:47
for what we chose to do today
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ืœืžื” ืฉื‘ื—ืจื ื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื”ื™ื•ื
10:49
to transform the food ecosystem.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื“ื ืืช ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืืงื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ.
10:52
Thank you so much.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื” ืœื›ื.
10:53
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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