How to Share Public Money Fairly | Maja Bosnic | TED

47,279 views ใƒป 2022-03-28

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ูŠุฑุฌู‰ ุงู„ู†ู‚ุฑ ู†ู‚ุฑู‹ุง ู…ุฒุฏูˆุฌู‹ุง ููˆู‚ ุงู„ุชุฑุฌู…ุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ุฃุฏู†ุงู‡ ู„ุชุดุบูŠู„ ุงู„ููŠุฏูŠูˆ.

ุงู„ู…ุชุฑุฌู…: Shimaa Nabil ุงู„ู…ุฏู‚ู‘ู‚: Mohamed Salem
00:04
So I come from Bosnia.
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ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุฌุฆุช ู…ู† ุงู„ุจูˆุณู†ุฉ.
00:07
I mean, I live in Sweden now,
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ุฃุนู†ูŠุŒ ุฃู†ุง ุฃุนูŠุด ููŠ ุงู„ุณูˆูŠุฏ ุงู„ุขู†ุŒ
00:08
but you don't need to know my whole life story.
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ู„ูƒู†ูƒู… ู„ุณุชู… ุจุญุงุฌุฉ ุฅู„ู‰ ู…ุนุฑูุฉ ู‚ุตุฉ ุญูŠุงุชูŠ ูƒู„ู‡ุง.
00:11
But the story that I do want to share is from my home country.
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ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ู‚ุตุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ุฃุฑุบุจ ููŠ ู…ุดุงุฑูƒุชู‡ุง ู‡ูŠ ู…ู† ูˆุทู†ูŠ ุงู„ุฃู….
00:16
So close to 50 percent of the land in Bosnia
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ู„ุฐุง ูุฅู† ู…ุง ูŠู‚ุฑุจ ู…ู† 50 ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุงุฆุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃุฑุงุถูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ุจูˆุณู†ุฉ
00:19
is dedicated to agriculture and farming.
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ู…ุฎุตุตุฉ ู„ู„ุฒุฑุงุนุฉ ูˆุงู„ูู„ุงุญุฉ.
00:22
So the government decides to support farmers,
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ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ู‚ุฑุฑุช ุงู„ุญูƒูˆู…ุฉ ุฏุนู… ุงู„ู…ุฒุงุฑุนูŠู†ุŒ
00:25
to set up a budget,
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ูˆุฅุนุฏุงุฏ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฒุงู†ูŠุฉุŒ
00:27
to set up the requirements for the people to receive the budget,
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ูˆูˆุถุน ุงู„ู…ุชุทู„ุจุงุช ู„ู„ู†ุงุณ ู„ุชู„ู‚ูŠ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฒุงู†ูŠุฉุŒ
00:30
and then to disburse the funds.
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ูˆู…ู† ุซู… ุตุฑู ุงู„ุฃู…ูˆุงู„.
00:32
So they do that, and towards the end of the process,
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ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ูŠูุนู„ูˆู† ุฐู„ูƒุŒ ูˆููŠ ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉุŒ
00:34
they decide to analyze who really received these funds.
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ู‚ุฑุฑูˆุง ุชุญู„ูŠู„ ู…ู† ุญุตู„ ุจุงู„ูุนู„ ุนู„ู‰ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฃู…ูˆุงู„.
00:38
And they did that,
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ูˆูุนู„ูˆุง ุฐู„ูƒุŒ
00:39
and the Ministry of Agriculture was shocked,
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ูˆุตุฏู…ุช ูˆุฒุงุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฒุฑุงุนุฉุŒ
00:42
because only one group of citizens received 90 percent of these funds.
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ู„ุฃู† ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ูู‚ุท ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ูˆุงุทู†ูŠู† ุญุตู„ุช ุนู„ู‰ 90ูช ู…ู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฃู…ูˆุงู„.
00:48
And those were men, men working in agriculture.
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ูˆูƒุงู† ู‡ุคู„ุงุก ุฑุฌุงู„ุงู‹ุŒ ุฑุฌุงู„ุงู‹ ูŠุนู…ู„ูˆู† ููŠ ุงู„ุฒุฑุงุนุฉ.
00:52
So where were the women?
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ูุฃูŠู† ูƒุงู†ุช ุงู„ู†ุณุงุกุŸ
00:54
Why didn't they have access to the funds?
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ู„ู…ุงุฐุง ู„ู… ูŠุชู…ูƒู†ูˆุง ู…ู† ุงู„ูˆุตูˆู„ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฃู…ูˆุงู„ุŸ
00:56
The Minister of Agriculture was surprised, because they didn't mean to discriminate.
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ููˆุฌุฆ ูˆุฒูŠุฑ ุงู„ุฒุฑุงุนุฉุŒ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ู… ู„ู… ูŠู‚ุตุฏูˆุง ุงู„ุชู…ูŠูŠุฒ.
01:01
They knew there were women working in agriculture, right?
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ูƒุงู†ูˆุง ูŠุนุฑููˆู† ุฃู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ู†ุณุงุก ูŠุนู…ู„ู† ููŠ ุงู„ุฒุฑุงุนุฉุŒ ุตุญูŠุญุŸ
01:05
So they went back and analyzed the situation.
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ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุนุงุฏูˆุง ูˆู‚ุงู…ูˆุง ุจุชุญู„ูŠู„ ุงู„ูˆุถุน.
01:08
And the problem was -- well, there were three things.
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ูˆูƒุงู†ุช ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ - ุญุณู†ุงู‹ุŒ ูƒุงู†ุช ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ุฃุดูŠุงุก.
01:11
The first thing is they didn't even know the gender of farmers,
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ุฃูˆู„ ุดูŠุก ุฃู†ู‡ู… ู„ู… ูŠุนุฑููˆุง ุญุชู‰ ุฌู†ุณ ุงู„ู…ุฒุงุฑุนูŠู†ุŒ
01:15
because they'd never done gender analysis before.
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ู„ุฃู†ู‡ู… ู„ู… ูŠุฌุฑูˆุง ุชุญู„ูŠู„ู‹ุง ุฌู†ุณุงู†ูŠู‹ุง ู…ู† ู‚ุจู„.
01:18
So actually, they did know the sex disaggregation of cows,
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ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ููŠ ุงู„ูˆุงู‚ุนุŒ ู„ู‚ุฏ ุนุฑููˆุง ุชุตู†ูŠู ุฌู†ุณ ุงู„ุฃุจู‚ุงุฑุŒ
01:22
but not of people.
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ู„ูƒู† ู„ูŠุณ ุงู„ู†ุงุณ.
01:23
(Laughter)
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(ุถุญูƒ)
01:24
I will let that sink a bit --
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ูู„ู†ู†ุธุฑ ู„ู‡ุฐุง ู‚ู„ูŠู„ุงู‹ -
01:26
because gender is unimportant.
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ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ุฌู†ุณ ุบูŠุฑ ู…ู‡ู….
01:29
The second issue is that the way they were distributing the funds
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ุงู„ู…ุณุฃู„ุฉ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ู‡ูŠ ุฃู† ุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ุชู… ุจู‡ุง ุชูˆุฒูŠุน ุงู„ุฃู…ูˆุงู„
01:33
could not possibly reach women.
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ู„ุง ูŠู…ูƒู† ุฃู† ุชุตู„ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ู†ุณุงุก.
01:34
Why? Because one of the conditions to get this subsidy
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ู„ู…ุงุฐุงุŸ ู„ุฃู† ุฃุญุฏ ุดุฑูˆุท ุงู„ุญุตูˆู„ ุนู„ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฏุนู…
01:39
was to give out a land ownership certificate,
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ูƒุงู† ู…ู†ุญ ุดู‡ุงุฏุฉ ู…ู„ูƒูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฃุฑุถุŒ
01:42
and we know that traditionally, women do not own land.
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ูˆู†ุญู† ู†ุนู„ู… ุฃู† ุงู„ู†ุณุงุก ุญุณุจ ุงู„ุชู‚ุงู„ูŠุฏ ู„ุง ูŠู…ุชู„ูƒู† ุฃุฑุถุงู‹.
01:45
And the second problem was that women didn't even know.
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ูˆุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ู‡ูŠ ุฃู† ุงู„ู†ุณุงุก ู„ู… ูŠุนุฑูู† ุญุชู‰.
01:47
Why? Because the information was shared at forums that they do not participate in.
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ู„ู…ุงุฐุงุŸ ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ู…ุนู„ูˆู…ุงุช ุชู…ุช ู…ุดุงุฑูƒุชู‡ุง ููŠ ู…ู†ุชุฏูŠุงุช ู„ุง ูŠุดุงุฑูƒูˆู† ููŠู‡ุง.
01:53
But the story has a happy end, because when the ministry realized this,
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ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ู‚ุตุฉ ู„ู‡ุง ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ุณุนูŠุฏุฉุŒ ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ูˆุฒุงุฑุฉ ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ุฃุฏุฑูƒุช ุฐู„ูƒุŒ
01:57
they changed these provisions.
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ู‚ุงู…ูˆุง ุจุชุบูŠูŠุฑ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฃุญูƒุงู….
01:59
And with the help of gender experts from Bosnia,
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ูˆุจู…ุณุงุนุฏุฉ ุฎุจุฑุงุก ุงู„ู†ูˆุน ุงู„ุงุฌุชู…ุงุนูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ุจูˆุณู†ุฉุŒ
02:02
we now see more and more women getting funds every year.
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ู†ุฑู‰ ุงู„ุขู† ุงู„ู…ุฒูŠุฏ ูˆุงู„ู…ุฒูŠุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ู†ุณุงุก ูŠุญุตู„ู† ุนู„ู‰ ุชู…ูˆูŠู„ ูƒู„ ุนุงู….
02:06
So what is the point of this story?
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ู„ุฐุง ู…ุง ุงู„ู…ุบุฒู‰ ู…ู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู‚ุตุฉุŸ
02:08
The point is not only that we should have sex-disaggregated data on people,
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ุงู„ู…ุบุฒู‰ ุฃู†ู‡ ูŠุฌุจ ุฃู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ู„ุฏูŠู†ุง ุจูŠุงู†ุงุช ู…ุตู†ูุฉ ุญุณุจ ุงู„ุฌู†ุณ ุนู† ุงู„ุฃุดุฎุงุต
02:12
not only cows.
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ู„ูŠุณ ูู‚ุท ู„ู„ุฃุจู‚ุงุฑ.
02:14
(Laughter)
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(ุถุญูƒ)
02:15
But it's also that we can budget fair and equitably,
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ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑ ูŠุชุนู„ู‚ ุฃูŠุถู‹ุง ุจู‚ุฏุฑุชู†ุง ุนู„ู‰ ูˆุถุน ู…ูŠุฒุงู†ูŠุฉ ุนุงุฏู„ุฉ ูˆู…ู†ุตูุฉุŒ
02:20
but we can't just run numbers blindly.
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ู„ูƒู† ู„ุง ูŠู…ูƒู†ู†ุง ุงู„ุฅุฏุงุฑุฉ ุจุดูƒู„ ุฃุนู…ู‰.
02:23
We need to know the faces of the people that we are serving with public funds.
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ู†ุญู† ุจุญุงุฌุฉ ุฅู„ู‰ ู…ุนุฑูุฉ ูˆุฌูˆู‡ ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุงู„ุฐูŠู† ู†ุฎุฏู…ู‡ู… ุจุงู„ุฃู…ูˆุงู„ ุงู„ุนุงู…ุฉ.
02:28
So this is really the heart of gender-responsive budgeting,
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ุฅุฐู† ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ ุญู‚ุงู‹ ู‚ู„ุจ ุงู„ู…ูˆุงุฒู†ุฉ ุงู„ู…ุณุชุฌูŠุจุฉ ู„ู„ู†ูˆุน ุงู„ุงุฌุชู…ุงุนูŠุŒ
02:32
or as I like to think of it, and maybe you, too,
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ุฃูˆ ูƒู…ุง ุฃุญุจ ุฃู† ุฃููƒุฑ ููŠู‡ุŒ ูˆุฑุจู…ุง ุฃู†ุชู… ุฃูŠุถุงู‹ุŒ
02:35
common-sense budgeting.
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ุงู„ู…ูŠุฒุงู†ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ู†ุทู‚ูŠุฉ.
02:37
(Laughter)
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(ุถุญูƒ)
02:38
So, I'm an economist,
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ู„ุฐู„ูƒุŒ ุฃู†ุง ุฎุจูŠุฑุฉ ุงู‚ุชุตุงุฏูŠุฉุŒ
02:40
I work with public finance, so public finance and budgets,
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ูˆุฃุนู…ู„ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุงู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุนุงู…ุฉุŒ ูˆูƒุฐู„ูƒ ุงู„ู…ุงู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุนุงู…ุฉ ูˆุงู„ู…ูŠุฒุงู†ูŠุงุชุŒ
02:43
but my specialty is helping governments inject a gender perspective
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ู„ูƒู† ุชุฎุตุตูŠ ู‡ูˆ ู…ุณุงุนุฏุฉ ุงู„ุญูƒูˆู…ุงุช ุนู„ู‰ ุฅุฏุฎุงู„ ู…ู†ุธูˆุฑ ุฌู†ุณุงู†ูŠ
02:48
in their financial decisions and budgets.
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ููŠ ู‚ุฑุงุฑุงุชู‡ุง ุงู„ู…ุงู„ูŠุฉ ูˆู…ูŠุฒุงู†ูŠุงุชู‡ุง.
02:51
OK, so budgets are fairly simple, straightforward,
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ุญุณู†ุงู‹ุŒ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฒุงู†ูŠุงุช ุจุณูŠุทุฉ ุฅู„ู‰ ุญุฏ ู…ุงุŒ ูˆู…ุจุงุดุฑุฉุŒ
02:54
as it was introduced,
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ูƒู…ุง ุชู… ุชู‚ุฏูŠู…ู‡ุงุŒ
02:56
and now, you are thinking,
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ูˆุงู„ุขู† ุชููƒุฑูˆู†ุŒ
02:57
"Well, that does not look fairly straightforward."
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โ€œุญุณู†ุงู‹ุŒ ู‡ุฐุง ู„ุง ูŠุจุฏูˆ ูˆุงุถุญุงู‹ ุฅู„ู‰ ุญุฏ ู…ุง.โ€
03:00
And it's intentionally done like that,
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ูˆูŠุชู… ุฐู„ูƒ ุนู† ู‚ุตุฏ ุนู„ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู†ุญูˆุŒ
03:02
because this is how we often imagine the budget to be: so complex,
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ู„ุฃู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ู†ุชุฎูŠู„ ุจู‡ุง ุงู„ู…ูŠุฒุงู†ูŠุฉ ููŠ ุฃุญูŠุงู†ุงู‹ ูƒุซูŠุฑุฉ: ู…ุนู‚ุฏุฉ ู„ู„ุบุงูŠุฉุŒ
03:06
so technocratic, bureaucratic we don't even want to engage.
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ูˆุชูƒู†ูˆู‚ุฑุงุทูŠุฉ ู„ู„ุบุงูŠุฉุŒ ูˆุจูŠุฑูˆู‚ุฑุงุทูŠุฉ ู„ุง ู†ุฑูŠุฏ ุญุชู‰ ุงู„ุงู†ุฎุฑุงุท ููŠู‡ุง.
03:09
But the reality is very different than that.
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ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ูˆุงู‚ุน ู…ุฎุชู„ู ุชู…ุงู…ุงู‹ ุนู† ุฐู„ูƒ.
03:12
In fact, all our budgets,
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ููŠ ุงู„ูˆุงู‚ุนุŒ ุชู…ุฑ ุฌู…ูŠุน ู…ูŠุฒุงู†ูŠุงุชู†ุงุŒ
03:14
be it your own budgets or public budgets, or company budgets,
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ุณูˆุงุก ูƒุงู†ุช ู…ูŠุฒุงู†ูŠุงุชูƒู… ุงู„ุฎุงุตุฉ ุฃูˆ ู…ูŠุฒุงู†ูŠุงุชูƒู… ุงู„ุนุงู…ุฉุŒ ุฃูˆ ู…ูŠุฒุงู†ูŠุงุช ุงู„ุดุฑูƒุฉุŒ
03:18
go through the four logical steps.
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ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ ุงู„ุฎุทูˆุงุช ุงู„ู…ู†ุทู‚ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฃุฑุจุน.
03:21
The first step is, of course, we are calculating our revenues.
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ุงู„ุฎุทูˆุฉ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ู‰ุŒ ุจุงู„ุทุจุนุŒ ู‡ูŠ ุฃู†ู†ุง ู†ุญุณุจ ุนุงุฆุฏุงุชู†ุง.
03:24
In the sense of the state, it would be taxes and fees, right?
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ุจู…ุนู†ู‰ ุงู„ุฏูˆู„ุฉุŒ ุณุชูƒูˆู† ุงู„ุถุฑุงุฆุจ ูˆุงู„ุฑุณูˆู…ุŒ ุฃู„ูŠุณ ูƒุฐู„ูƒุŸ
03:28
The second step is budget approval.
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ุงู„ุฎุทูˆุฉ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู…ูˆุงูู‚ุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฒุงู†ูŠุฉ.
03:30
After we figure out what we will do with the funds,
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ุจุนุฏ ุฃู† ุงูƒุชุดูู†ุง ู…ุง ุณู†ูุนู„ู‡ ุจุงู„ุฃู…ูˆุงู„ุŒ
03:33
it goes to the approval of the parliament.
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ูŠุฎุถุน ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑ ุฅู„ู‰ ู…ูˆุงูู‚ุฉ ุงู„ุจุฑู„ู…ุงู†.
03:35
And then, the third step, my personal favorite,
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ูˆุจุนุฏ ุฐู„ูƒุŒ ุงู„ุฎุทูˆุฉ ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซุฉุŒ ุงู„ู…ูุถู„ุฉ ู„ุฏูŠ ุดุฎุตูŠุงู‹ุŒ
03:38
is spending, or budget execution.
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ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุฅู†ูุงู‚ุŒ ุฃูˆ ุชู†ููŠุฐ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฒุงู†ูŠุฉ.
03:41
Ideally, according to priorities -- not my personal favorite.
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ู…ู† ุงู„ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ูŠุฉุŒ ูˆูู‚ุงู‹ ู„ู„ุฃูˆู„ูˆูŠุงุช - ู„ูŠุณุช ุงู„ู…ูุถู„ุฉ ุงู„ุดุฎุตูŠุฉ.
03:45
And then, we go into control and budget oversight.
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ูˆุจุนุฏ ุฐู„ูƒุŒ ู†ู†ุชู‚ู„ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ุณูŠุทุฑุฉ ูˆุงู„ุฅุดุฑุงู ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฒุงู†ูŠุฉ.
03:48
So whether we have actually spent the money as we planned,
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ู„ุฐุง ู…ุง ุฅุฐุง ูƒู†ุง ู‚ุฏ ุฃู†ูู‚ู†ุง ุงู„ุฃู…ูˆุงู„ ุจุงู„ูุนู„ ูƒู…ุง ุฎุทุทู†ุงุŒ
03:53
and also, whether we have achieved the objectives.
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ูˆูƒุฐู„ูƒ ู…ุง ุฅุฐุง ูƒู†ุง ู‚ุฏ ุญู‚ู‚ู†ุง ุงู„ุฃู‡ุฏุงู.
03:56
So in the sense of the state,
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ุฅุฐู†ุŒ ุจู…ุนู†ู‰ ุงู„ุฏูˆู„ุฉุŒ
03:58
it would be an increased level of education,
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ุณูŠูƒูˆู† ุฐู„ูƒ ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ููŠ ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุงู„ุชุนู„ูŠู…ุŒ
04:00
decreased level of poverty.
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ูˆุงู†ุฎูุงุถ ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุงู„ูู‚ุฑ.
04:02
In the sense of the companies, it would be profit or income.
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ุจู…ุนู†ู‰ ุงู„ุดุฑูƒุงุชุŒ ุณูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ุฑุจุญ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุฏุฎู„.
04:05
You see where I'm going.
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ุฃุชุฑูˆู† ู…ุงุฐุง ุฃู‚ุตุฏ.
04:06
So what is really wrong with that?
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ุฅุฐู† ู…ุง ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุฎุทุฃ ุญู‚ุงู‹ ููŠ ุฐู„ูƒุŸ
04:08
It sounds perfectly logical.
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ูŠุจุฏูˆ ู…ู†ุทู‚ูŠุงู‹ ุชู…ุงู…ุงู‹.
04:10
Well, what is wrong with that
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ุญุณู†ุงู‹ุŒ ู…ุง ุงู„ุฎุทุฃ ููŠ ุฐู„ูƒ
04:11
is that traditionally, in most countries, if not all around the world,
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ู‡ูˆ ุฃู†ู‡ ุชู‚ู„ูŠุฏูŠู‹ุงู‹ุŒ ููŠ ู…ุนุธู… ุงู„ุจู„ุฏุงู†ุŒ ุฅู† ู„ู… ูŠูƒู† ููŠ ุฌู…ูŠุน ุฃู†ุญุงุก ุงู„ุนุงู„ู…ุŒ
04:15
we assume, when we are planning the budget funds,
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ู†ูุชุฑุถุŒ ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ู†ุฎุทุท ู„ุฃู…ูˆุงู„ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฒุงู†ูŠุฉุŒ
04:17
that we are targeting one universal, homogenous human
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ุฃู†ู†ุง ู†ุณุชู‡ุฏู ุดุฎุตุงู‹ ูˆุงุญุฏุงู‹ ุนุงู„ู…ูŠุงู‹ ู…ุชุฌุงู†ุณุงู‹
04:21
that will have the same access to funds, the same needs, almost.
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ูŠุชู…ุชุน ุจู†ูุณ ุฅู…ูƒุงู†ูŠุฉ ุงู„ูˆุตูˆู„ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฃู…ูˆุงู„ุŒ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุงุญุชูŠุงุฌุงุช ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจุง.
04:26
And then, a situation such as this one in the Ministry of Agriculture happens;
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ูˆุจุนุฏ ุฐู„ูƒุŒ ูŠุญุฏุซ ูˆุถุน ู…ุซู„ ู‡ุฐุง ููŠ ูˆุฒุงุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฒุฑุงุนุฉุ›
04:30
then, we are surprised that our funds didn't really reach everybody.
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ุจุนุฏ ุฐู„ูƒุŒ ู†ู†ุฏู‡ุด ู…ู† ุฃู† ุฃู…ูˆุงู„ู†ุง ู„ู… ุชุตู„ ุญู‚ุงู‹ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฌู…ูŠุน.
04:36
So, what I want to also say here, what do we then do about that?
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ุฅุฐู†ุŒ ู…ุง ุฃุฑูŠุฏ ุฃู† ุฃู‚ูˆู„ู‡ ู‡ู†ุง ุฃูŠุถุงู‹ุŒ ู…ุงุฐุง ุณู†ูุนู„ ุจุนุฏ ุฐู„ูƒ ุญูŠุงู„ ุฐู„ูƒุŸ
04:42
In Ukraine, the government has analyzed close to 300 budget programs.
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ููŠ ุฃูˆูƒุฑุงู†ูŠุงุŒ ู‚ุงู…ุช ุงู„ุญูƒูˆู…ุฉ ุจุชุญู„ูŠู„ ู…ุง ูŠู‚ุฑุจ ู…ู† 300 ุจุฑู†ุงู…ุฌ ู„ู„ู…ูŠุฒุงู†ูŠุฉ.
04:47
And when I say โ€œbudget programs,โ€
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ูˆุนู†ุฏู…ุง ุฃู‚ูˆู„ โ€œุจุฑุงู…ุฌ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฒุงู†ูŠุฉโ€œุŒ
04:49
these are expenditures in health, education, sports,
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ูู‡ุฐู‡ ู†ูู‚ุงุช ููŠ ุงู„ุตุญุฉ ูˆุงู„ุชุนู„ูŠู… ูˆุงู„ุฑูŠุงุถุฉ
04:52
infrastructure, defense --
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ูˆุงู„ุจู†ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชุญุชูŠุฉ ูˆุงู„ุฏูุงุน -
04:53
anything you can think of that is funded with public funds.
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ุฃูŠ ุดูŠุก ูŠู…ูƒู†ูƒ ุงู„ุชููƒูŠุฑ ููŠู‡ ูŠุชู… ุชู…ูˆูŠู„ู‡ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃู…ูˆุงู„ ุงู„ุนุงู…ุฉ.
04:57
And in every single one of these programs, we have found gender gaps.
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ูˆููŠ ูƒู„ ุจุฑู†ุงู…ุฌ ู…ู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุจุฑุงู…ุฌุŒ ูˆุฌุฏู†ุง ูุฌูˆุงุช ุจูŠู† ุงู„ุฌู†ุณูŠู†.
05:04
We have found big gender gaps.
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ู„ู‚ุฏ ูˆุฌุฏู†ุง ูุฌูˆุงุช ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ุฌู†ุณูŠู†.
05:06
And these gender gaps were usually on account of women --
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ูˆูƒุงู†ุช ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ูุฌูˆุงุช ุจูŠู† ุงู„ุฌู†ุณูŠู† ุนุงุฏุฉ ุจุณุจุจ ุงู„ู†ุณุงุก -
05:09
they didn't have access.
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ู„ู… ูŠูƒู† ู„ุฏูŠู‡ู† ุฅู…ูƒุงู†ูŠุฉ ุงู„ูˆุตูˆู„.
05:10
And why did this happen?
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ูˆู„ู…ุงุฐุง ุญุฏุซ ู‡ุฐุงุŸ
05:12
It happened because finance officers were just doing their jobs,
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ุญุฏุซ ุฐู„ูƒ ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ู…ุณุคูˆู„ูŠู† ุงู„ู…ุงู„ูŠูŠู† ูƒุงู†ูˆุง ูŠุคุฏูˆู† ูˆุธุงุฆูู‡ู… ูู‚ุทุŒ
05:15
and they were doing it really well.
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ูˆูƒุงู†ูˆุง ูŠู‚ูˆู…ูˆู† ุจุฐู„ูƒ ุจุดูƒู„ ุฌูŠุฏ ุญู‚ุงู‹.
05:17
They were planning for economic effectiveness, efficiency,
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ูƒุงู†ูˆุง ูŠุฎุทุทูˆู† ู„ุชุญู‚ูŠู‚ ุงู„ูุนุงู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุงู‚ุชุตุงุฏูŠุฉ ูˆุงู„ูƒูุงุกุฉ
05:20
value for money ...
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ูˆุงู„ู‚ูŠู…ุฉ ู…ู‚ุงุจู„ ุงู„ู…ุงู„ ...
05:21
We really love value for money.
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ู†ุญู† ู†ุญุจ ุญู‚ุงู‹ ุงู„ู‚ูŠู…ุฉ ู…ู‚ุงุจู„ ุงู„ู…ุงู„.
05:24
Performance budgeting, medium-term --
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ู…ูŠุฒุงู†ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฃุฏุงุกุŒ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุฏู‰ ุงู„ู…ุชูˆุณุท -
05:26
all of these very valid economic objectives,
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ูƒู„ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฃู‡ุฏุงู ุงู„ุงู‚ุชุตุงุฏูŠุฉ ุงู„ุตุงู„ุญุฉ ู„ู„ุบุงูŠุฉุŒ
05:30
very valid goals,
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ูˆุฃู‡ุฏุงู ุตุงู„ุญุฉ ู„ู„ุบุงูŠุฉุŒ
05:31
but we really didn't account for the needs of the people
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ู„ูƒู†ู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุญู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ ู„ู… ู†ุฃุฎุฐ ููŠ ุงู„ุญุณุจุงู† ุงุญุชูŠุงุฌุงุช ุงู„ุฃุดุฎุงุต
05:34
that we are serving with these funds.
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ุงู„ุฐูŠู† ู†ุฎุฏู…ู‡ู… ุจู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฃู…ูˆุงู„.
05:35
And let me illustrate that.
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ูˆุงุณู…ุญูˆุง ู„ูŠ ุฃู† ุฃูˆุถุญ ุฐู„ูƒ.
05:37
So we have analyzed the program for tuberculosis.
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ู„ุฐุง ู‚ู…ู†ุง ุจุชุญู„ูŠู„ ุงู„ุจุฑู†ุงู…ุฌ ู„ู…ุฑุถ ุงู„ุฏุฑู†.
05:41
So, treatment of patients with tuberculosis.
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ู„ุฐุง ุนู„ุงุฌ ู…ุฑุถู‰ ุงู„ุฏุฑู†.
05:43
And you may be now asking,
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ูˆุฑุจู…ุง ุชุชุณุงุฆู„ูˆู† ุงู„ุขู†ุŒ
05:45
"OK, but you know, you need to treat the patient.
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โ€œุญุณู†ุงู‹ุŒ ู„ูƒู†ูƒ ุชุนู„ู…ูŠู†ุŒ ุชุญุชุงุฌูŠู† ู„ุนู„ุงุฌ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ.
05:47
Why is gender important here?"
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ู„ู…ุง ุงู„ุฌู†ุณ ู…ู‡ู… ู‡ู†ุงุŸ
05:50
But when we have done the analysis,
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ู„ูƒู† ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ู‚ู…ู†ุง ุจุงู„ุชุญู„ูŠู„ุŒ
05:52
we have actually seen that 70 percent
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ุฑุฃูŠู†ุง ูุนู„ูŠุงู‹ ุฃู† 70ูช
05:54
of the patients with tuberculosis were men.
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ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุฑุถู‰ ุจุงู„ุฏุฑู† ู…ู† ุงู„ุฑุฌุงู„.
05:58
And tuberculosis is a big issue in Ukraine.
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ูˆุงู„ุฏุฑู† ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ ููŠ ุฃูˆูƒุฑุงู†ูŠุง.
06:01
And these were men living in remote areas, in rural areas, working in mines.
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ูˆูŠุนูŠุด ู‡ุคู„ุงุก ุงู„ุฑุฌุงู„ ููŠ ู…ู†ุงุทู‚ ู†ุงุฆูŠุฉุŒ ู…ู†ุงุทู‚ ุฑูŠููŠุฉุŒ ูŠุนู…ู„ูˆู† ููŠ ุงู„ุชุนุฏูŠู†.
06:06
However, the preventive measures and the way they were designed,
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ู…ุน ุฐู„ูƒุŒ ุงู„ุฅุฌุฑุงุกุงุช ุงู„ูˆู‚ุงุฆูŠุฉ ูˆุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ุตู…ุชุช ุจู‡ุงุŒ
06:10
they didn't account for it.
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ู„ู… ุชู‡ุชู… ุจุฐู„ูƒ.
06:12
They were actually targeting those sectors,
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ูƒุงู†ูˆุง ูุนู„ูŠุงู‹ ู…ุณุชู‡ุฏููˆู† ู„ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู‚ุทุงุนุงุชุŒ
06:15
such as education and health,
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ู…ุซู„ ุงู„ุชุนู„ูŠู… ูˆุงู„ุตุญุฉุŒ
06:16
where women traditionally dominate.
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ุญูŠุซ ุชู‡ูŠู…ู† ุงู„ู†ุณุงุก ุชู‚ู„ูŠุฏูŠุงู‹.
06:18
And this is fine,
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ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุฌูŠุฏุŒ
06:19
but they really didnโ€™t account for the needs of the men in these groups.
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ูˆู„ูƒู†ู‡ู… ู„ู… ูŠู‡ุชู…ูˆุง ุจุงุฌุชูŠุงุฌุงุช ุงู„ุฑุฌุงู„ ููŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุงุช.
06:24
And why?
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ูˆู„ู…ุงุฐุงุŸ
06:25
Because gender equality was not important in the budget decision.
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ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ู…ุณุงูˆุงุฉ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ุฌู†ุณูŠู† ู„ู… ุชูƒู† ู…ู‡ู…ุฉ ููŠ ู‚ุฑุงุฑ ุงู„ู…ูˆุงุฒู†ุฉ.
06:29
So what I'm trying to illustrate here
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ู„ุฐุง ู…ุง ุฃุญุงูˆู„ ุดุฑุญู‡ ู‡ู†ุง
06:31
is not only that we need to account for gender equality
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ู„ูŠุณ ูู‚ุท ุฃู†ู†ุง ู†ุญุชุงุฌ ู„ู„ุงู‡ุชู…ุงู… ุจุงู„ู…ุณุงูˆุงุฉ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ุฌู†ุณูŠู†
06:36
to achieve our objectives of equality,
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ู„ุชุญู‚ูŠู‚ ุฃู‡ุฏุงู ุงู„ู…ุณุงูˆุงุฉุŒ
06:38
but we also need to account for it to make more common-sense budgetary decisions,
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ู„ูƒู†ู†ุง ู†ุญุชุงุฌ ู„ู„ุงู‡ุชู…ุงู… ุจู‡ุง ู„ู„ูˆุตูˆู„ ู„ู‚ุฑุงุฑุงุช ู…ูˆุงุฒู†ุฉ ู…ู†ุทู‚ูŠุฉุŒ
06:43
more effective and efficient budgets.
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ู…ูˆุงุฒู†ุฉ ุฃูƒุซุฑ ูƒูุงุกุฉ ูˆูุนุงู„ูŠุฉ.
06:46
So how do we do that?
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ู„ุฐุง ูƒูŠู ู†ูุนู„ ุฐู„ูƒุŸ
06:47
It looks equally entertaining,
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ุชุจุฏูˆ ู…ุณู„ูŠุฉ ุจู†ูุณ ุงู„ู‚ุฏุฑุŒ
06:50
but now, we also add gender,
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ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ุขู†ุŒ ุฃุถูู†ุง ุฃูŠุถุงู‹ ุงู„ุฌู†ุณุŒ
06:52
so it's a total mess, and we would think, "How do we even go about that?"
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ุฅู†ู‡ุง ููˆุถู‰ ุชุงู…ุฉุŒ ูˆู†ุนุชู‚ุฏ: โ€œูƒูŠู ู†ู‚ูˆู… ุจุฐู„ูƒ ุญุชู‰ุŸโ€
06:55
But of course, it's not as complex as that,
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ู„ูƒู† ุจุงู„ุทุจุนุŒ ุฅู†ู‡ ู„ูŠุณ ุจุชุนู‚ูŠุฏ ู‡ุฐุงุŒ
06:58
because in the heart of this work is gender analysis.
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ู„ุฃู† ููŠ ู‚ู„ุจ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุนู…ู„ ุงู„ุชุญู„ูŠู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุฃุณุงุณ ุงู„ุฌู†ุณ.
07:03
And what do I mean by that?
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ูˆู…ุง ุฃู‚ุตุฏู‡ ุจุฐู„ูƒุŸ
07:05
So when we are planning, as finance officers,
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ู„ุฐุง ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ู†ุฎุทุทุŒ ูƒู…ุณุคู„ูŠู† ู…ุงู„ูŠูŠู†ุŒ
07:07
any financial or fiscal decision,
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ุฃูŠ ู‚ุฑุงุฑ ู…ุงู„ูŠุŒ
07:09
meaning when we are planning introducing a new tax, for example,
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ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ู†ุฎุทุท ุฅุถุงูุฉ ุถุฑูŠุจุฉ ุฌุฏูŠุฏุฉุŒ ุนู„ู‰ ุณุจูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ุŒ
07:13
the core is to analyze how will that influence
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ุงู„ุฃุณุงุณ ู‡ูˆ ุชุญู„ูŠู„ ูƒูŠู ุณูŠุคุซุฑ ู‡ุฐุง
07:17
different groups in a society?
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ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุงุช ุงู„ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฌุชู…ุนุŸ
07:20
So will we have our gender gaps increased --
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ู„ุฐุง ู‡ู„ ุงุฒุฏุงุฏุช ุงู„ูุฌูˆุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุฃุณุงุณ ุงู„ุฌู†ุณ-
07:24
we donโ€™t want to do that --
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ู†ุญู† ู„ุง ู†ุฑูŠุฏ ูุนู„ ุฐู„ูƒ-
07:26
reduced or leave the status quo?
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ุชู‚ู„ูŠู„ ุฃูˆ ุชุฑูƒ ุงู„ูˆุถุน ุงู„ุฑุงู‡ู†ุŸ
07:29
So, of course, we want to reduce them,
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ู„ุฐุง ุจุงู„ุทุจุนุŒ ู†ุฑูŠุฏ ุชู‚ู„ูŠู„ู‡ู…ุŒ
07:31
and I just want to put it here as well,
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ูˆุฃุฑูŠุฏ ุฃู† ุฃุถุนู‡ ู‡ู†ุง ุฃูŠุถุงู‹ุŒ
07:34
in most countries -- not all, unfortunately,
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ููŠ ูƒุซูŠุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฏูˆู„- ู„ูŠุณ ูƒู„ู‡ุง- ู„ุณูˆุก ุงู„ุญุธ
07:36
but in a lot of countries around the world,
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ู„ูƒู† ููŠ ูƒุซูŠุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฏูˆู„ ุญูˆู„ ุงู„ุนุงู„ู…ุŒ
07:38
we have a very solid legislative framework for gender equality.
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ู„ุฏูŠู†ุง ุฅุทุงุฑ ุชุดุฑูŠุนูŠ ู…ุชูŠู† ู„ู„ุบุงูŠุฉ ู„ู„ู…ุณุงูˆุงุฉ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ุฌู†ุณูŠู†.
07:42
We have commitments.
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ู„ุฏูŠู†ุง ุงู„ุชุฒุงู…ุงุช.
07:43
But when it comes to budget and finance,
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ู„ูƒู† ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ูŠุชุนู„ู‚ ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑ ุจุงู„ู…ูŠุฒุงู†ูŠุฉ ูˆุงู„ู…ุงู„ูŠุฉุŒ
07:46
that's where, suddenly, the story evaporates.
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ุฐู„ูƒ ุญูŠุซ ุชุชุจุฎุฑ ุงู„ู‚ุตุฉ ูุฌุฃุฉ.
07:49
So when it comes to money,
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ู„ุฐุง ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ูŠุชุนู„ู‚ ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑ ุจุงู„ู…ุงู„ุŒ
07:51
it's not really analyzed for gender impact.
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ู„ุง ูŠุชู… ุชุญู„ูŠู„ู‡ ุจุชุฃุซูŠุฑ ุงู„ุฌู†ุณ.
07:54
So this is really important,
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ู„ุฐุง ู‡ุฐุง ุญู‚ุงู‹ ุถุฑูˆุฑูŠุŒ
07:55
and we do this in, as I said, three steps.
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ูˆู†ูุนู„ ุฐู„ูƒุŒ ูƒู…ุง ู‚ู„ุชุŒ ููŠ ุซู„ุงุซ ุฎุทูˆุงุช.
07:58
I will take you very fast through these steps, don't worry.
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ุณุฃุฎุฐูƒู… ุณุฑูŠุนุงู‹ ุฎู„ุงู„ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฎุทูˆุงุชุŒ ู„ุง ุชู‚ู„ู‚ูˆุง.
08:01
So the first step is really to do a situation analysis.
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ู„ุฐุง ุงู„ุฎุทูˆุฉ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ู‰ ู‡ูŠ ุนู…ู„ ุชุญู„ูŠู„ ู„ู„ู…ูˆู‚ู.
08:06
So in our agriculture example,
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ู„ุฐุง ููŠ ู…ุซุงู„ู†ุง ุงู„ุฒุฑุงุนูŠุŒ
08:08
if we had done a situation analysis,
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ุฅุฐุง ู‚ู…ู†ุง ุจุนู…ู„ ุชุญู„ูŠู„ ู„ู„ู…ูˆู‚ูุŒ
08:10
and if we had known the gender gaps in this sector,
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ูˆุฅุฐุง ุนุฑูู†ุง ุงู„ูุฌูˆุฉ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ุฌู†ุณูŠู† ููŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู‚ุทุงุนุŒ
08:15
we wouldn't have been surprised.
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ูู„ู† ู†ุชูุงุฌุฆ.
08:16
We would have known that women do not own land,
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ุณู†ุนู„ู… ุฃู† ุงู„ู†ุณุงุก ู„ุง ูŠุชู…ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ุฃุฑุงุถูŠุŒ
08:19
so we wouldn't give this as a requirement,
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ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ู„ู† ู†ุนุทูŠ ู‡ุฐุง ูƒุดุฑุทุŒ
08:21
and we would definitely have known that we need to inform them
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ูˆูƒู†ุง ู†ุนู„ู… ุจุงู„ุชุฃูƒูŠุฏ ุฃู†ู†ุง ุจุญุงุฌุฉ ุฅู„ู‰ ุฅุจู„ุงุบู‡ู…
08:25
in a different way.
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ุจุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ.
08:27
So this is the first step.
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ู„ุฐุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ุฃูˆู„ ุฎุทูˆุฉ.
08:28
The second step is related to my example with sex disaggregation,
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ุงู„ุฎุทูˆุฉ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ุชุชุนู„ู‚ ุจู…ุซุงู„ูŠ ู…ุน ุชุตู†ูŠู ุงู„ุฌู†ุณุŒ
08:32
you will remember from the beginning.
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ุณูˆู ุชุชุฐูƒุฑูˆู† ู…ู† ุงู„ุจุฏุงูŠุฉ.
08:34
So we really need to know the beneficiaries
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ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ู†ุญู† ุญู‚ุงู‹ ุจุญุงุฌุฉ ุฅู„ู‰ ู…ุนุฑูุฉ ุงู„ู…ุณุชููŠุฏูŠู†
08:36
that we are trying to serve.
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ุงู„ุฐูŠู† ู†ุญุงูˆู„ ุฎุฏู…ุชู‡ู….
08:38
And now you are thinking, "This sounds very obvious,"
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ูˆุงู„ุขู† ุชุนุชู‚ุฏูˆู†ุŒ โ€œู‡ุฐุง ูŠุจุฏูˆ ูˆุงุถุญู‹ุง ุฌุฏุงู‹ุŒโ€
08:41
but it's not done.
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ู„ูƒู†ู‡ุง ู„ู… ุชู†ุชู‡.
08:43
And the third step, of course, is to know the procedures.
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ูˆุงู„ุฎุทูˆุฉ ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซุฉ ุจุงู„ุทุจุน ู‡ูˆ ู…ุนุฑูุฉ ุงู„ุฅุฌุฑุงุกุงุช.
08:47
How will we give this budget out, who will have access?
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ูƒูŠู ุณู†ู…ู†ุญ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฒุงู†ูŠุฉุŒ ู…ู† ุณูŠูƒูˆู† ู„ู‡ ุญู‚ ุงู„ูˆุตูˆู„ุŸ
08:51
What will be the excluded groups?
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ู…ุง ุงู„ูุฆุงุช ุงู„ู…ุณุชุจุนุฏุฉุŸ
08:53
And that's it.
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ูˆู‡ุฐุง ูƒู„ ุดูŠุก.
08:55
And now, I will just share some good news, I think.
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ูˆุงู„ุขู†ุŒ ุณุฃุดุงุฑูƒ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุฃุฎุจุงุฑ ุงู„ุฌูŠุฏุฉุŒ ุฃุนุชู‚ุฏ.
08:59
It's that around 80 countries around the world
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ุฅู†ู‡ุง ุญูˆุงู„ูŠ 80 ุฏูˆู„ุฉ ุญูˆู„ ุงู„ุนุงู„ู…
09:02
are working with gender budgeting.
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ุชุนู…ู„ ู…ุน ุงู„ู…ูŠุฒู†ุฉ ุงู„ุฌู†ุณุงู†ูŠุฉ.
09:04
And please, if you have an interest,
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ูˆุฑุฌุงุกู‹ ุŒ ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ู„ุฏูŠูƒู… ุงู‡ุชู…ุงู…ุŒ
09:08
just see if your own country is one of them.
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ูู‚ุท ุงู†ุธุฑูˆุง ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุจู„ุฏูƒู… ู‡ูˆ ูˆุงุญุฏ ู…ู†ู‡ู….
09:11
But when I say they are working with gender budgeting,
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ู„ูƒู† ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ุฃู‚ูˆู„ ุฅู†ู‡ู… ูŠุนู…ู„ูˆู† ู…ุน ุงู„ู…ูŠุฒู†ุฉ ุงู„ุฌู†ุณุงู†ูŠุฉุŒ
09:14
that does not mean that their whole budget is gender-responsive.
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ู‡ุฐุง ู„ุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃู† ู…ูŠุฒุงู†ูŠุชู‡ู… โ€‹โ€‹ูƒุงู…ู„ุฉ ุชุฑุงุนูŠ ุงู„ู†ูˆุน ุงู„ุงุฌุชู…ุงุนูŠ.
09:17
That would be my dream.
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ุณูŠูƒูˆู† ู‡ุฐุง ุญู„ู…ูŠ.
09:19
But my personal hero is Austria. Why?
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ู„ูƒู† ุจุทู„ูŠ ุงู„ุดุฎุตูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู†ู…ุณุง. ู„ู…ุงุฐุงุŸ
09:21
Because they have gender budgeting entrenched in the constitution.
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ู„ุฃู† ู„ุฏูŠู‡ู… ู…ูŠุฒุงู†ูŠุฉ ุฌู†ุณุงู†ูŠุฉ ุฑุงุณุฎุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏุณุชูˆุฑ.
09:25
So that means that in Austria,
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ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃู†ู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ู†ู…ุณุงุŒ
09:27
it cannot happen that you have an investment project
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ู„ุง ูŠู…ูƒู† ุฃู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ู„ุฏูŠูƒ ู…ุดุฑูˆุน ุงุณุชุซู…ุงุฑูŠ
09:30
that you are doing without considering gender
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ุชู†ูุฐู‡ ุฏูˆู† ู…ุฑุงุนุงุฉ ุงู„ุฌู†ุณ
09:32
and gender equality.
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ูˆุงู„ู…ุณุงูˆุงุฉ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ุฌู†ุณูŠู†.
09:34
Canada -- feminist government, gender-balanced cabinet --
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ูƒู†ุฏุง - ุญูƒูˆู…ุฉ ู†ุณูˆูŠุฉุŒ ุญูƒูˆู…ุฉ ู…ุชูˆุงุฒู†ุฉ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ุฌู†ุณูŠู† -
09:37
and they are doing gender budgeting,
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ูˆู‡ู… ูŠู‚ูˆู…ูˆู† ุจุงู„ู…ูˆุงุฒู†ุฉ ุงู„ุฌู†ุณุงู†ูŠุฉุŒ
09:39
but they are taking into account the needs of Indigenous groups of people.
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ู„ูƒู†ู‡ู… ูŠุฃุฎุฐูˆู† ุจุนูŠู† ุงู„ุงุนุชุจุงุฑ ุงุญุชูŠุงุฌุงุช ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุงุช ุงู„ุณูƒุงู† ุงู„ุฃุตู„ูŠูŠู†.
09:43
So this is also something that we want to do
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ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ู‡ุฐุง ุฃูŠุถุงู‹ ุดูŠุก ุงู„ุฐูŠ ู†ุฑูŠุฏ ุงู„ู‚ูŠุงู… ุจู‡
09:45
and we have to do.
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ูˆุนู„ูŠู†ุง ุงู„ู‚ูŠุงู… ุจู‡.
09:47
Let me take you to Morocco.
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ุฏุนูˆู†ูŠ ุขุฎุฐูƒู… ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุบุฑุจ.
09:49
Morocco is working with gender budgeting for 20 years.
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ูŠุนู…ู„ ุงู„ู…ุบุฑุจ ุนู„ู‰ ุฅุนุฏุงุฏ ู…ูˆุงุฒู†ุฉ ุงู„ู†ูˆุน ุงู„ุงุฌุชู…ุงุนูŠ ู„ู…ุฏุฉ 20 ุนุงู…ุงู‹.
09:53
Indonesia, with the help of the World Bank,
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ุฅู†ุฏูˆู†ูŠุณูŠุงุŒ ุจุงู„ู…ุณุงุนุฏุฉ ุงู„ุจู†ูƒ ุงู„ุฏูˆู„ูŠุŒ
09:55
has just analyzed their whole budget system
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ู‚ุงู…ุช ุจุชุญู„ูŠู„ ู†ุธุงู… ุงู„ู…ูŠุฒุงู†ูŠุฉ ูƒุงู…ู„ุงู‹
09:59
to make it more gender-responsive.
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ู„ุฌุนู„ู‡ุง ุฃูƒุซุฑ ุงุณุชุฌุงุจุฉ ู„ู„ู†ูˆุน.
10:00
And I need to take you again to Bosnia,
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ูˆุฃุฑูŠุฏ ุฃู† ุขุฎุฐูƒู… ู…ุฑุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ุจูˆุณู†ุฉุŒ
10:02
because I did start with that example.
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ู„ุฃู†ู†ูŠ ุจุฏุฃุช ุจู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„.
10:05
Balkan countries are doing fantastic work, with the help of UN Women.
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ุชู‚ูˆู… ุฏูˆู„ ุงู„ุจู„ู‚ุงู† ุจุนู…ู„ ุฑุงุฆุนุŒ ุจู…ุณุงุนุฏุฉ ู‡ูŠุฆุฉ ุงู„ุฃู…ู… ุงู„ู…ุชุญุฏุฉ ู„ู„ู…ุฑุฃุฉ.
10:09
So there is a lot of work happening,
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ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุงู„ูƒุซูŠุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ุนู…ู„ ูŠุญุฏุซุŒ
10:11
and I am now coming to an end,
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ูˆุฃู†ุง ุงู„ุขู† ุนู„ู‰ ูˆุดูƒ ุงู„ุงู†ุชู‡ุงุกุŒ
10:13
because you might now be wondering,
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ู„ุฃู†ูƒู… ู‚ุฏ ุชุชุณุงุฆู„ูˆู† ุงู„ุขู†ุŒ
10:16
"OK, but what is in it for me?" in a sense.
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โ€œุญุณู†ุงู‹ุŒ ูˆู„ูƒู† ู…ุง ุงู„ูุงุฆุฏุฉ ู…ู† ุฐู„ูƒ ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ูŠุŸโ€ ุจู…ุนู†ู‰ ู…ุง.
10:19
"You are talking about public budgets,
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โ€œุฃู†ุช ุชุชุญุฏุซูŠู† ุนู† ุงู„ู…ูŠุฒุงู†ูŠุงุช ุงู„ุนุงู…ุฉุŒ
10:21
but I work in a company or NGO, or I'm self-employed," doesn't matter.
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ู„ูƒู†ูŠ ุฃุนู…ู„ ููŠ ุดุฑูƒุฉ ุฃูˆ ู…ู†ุธู…ุฉ ุบูŠุฑ ุญูƒูˆู…ูŠุฉุŒ ุฃูˆ ุฃุนู…ู„ ู„ุญุณุงุจูŠ ุงู„ุฎุงุตุŒโ€ ู„ุง ูŠู‡ู….
10:24
So what is it? Why is it important for us?
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ุฅุฐุง ู…ุง ู‡ุฐุงุŸ ู„ู…ุงุฐุง ู‡ูˆ ู…ู‡ู… ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ู†ุงุŸ
10:27
Because this is our money.
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ู„ุฃู† ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุงู„ู†ุง.
10:28
These are our budgets.
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ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ูŠุฒุงู†ูŠุชู†ุง.
10:30
We are filling these budgets --
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ู†ุญู† ู†ู…ู„ุฃ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฒุงู†ูŠุงุชุŒ
10:31
it's not some abstract money out there,
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ู„ูŠุณุช ุจุนุถ ุงู„ู†ู‚ูˆุฏ ุงู„ู…ุฌุฑุฏุฉุŒ
10:34
so we have the right to demand it to be equitable, to be fair.
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ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ูŠุญู‚ ู„ู†ุง ุฃู† ู†ุทุงู„ุจ ุจุฃู† ุชูƒูˆู† ุนุงุฏู„ุฉ ูˆู…ู†ุตูุฉ.
10:40
That's one thing.
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ู‡ุฐุง ุฃู…ุฑ ูˆุงุญุฏ.
10:41
So it is important for countries, it's important for companies.
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ู„ุฐุง ู‡ุฐุง ู…ู‡ู… ู„ู„ุฏูˆู„ุŒ ู…ู‡ู… ู„ู„ุดุฑูƒุงุช.
10:45
Of course, we should ask who is making decisions,
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ุจุงู„ุทุจุนุŒ ุนู„ูŠู†ุง ุฃู† ู†ุณุฃู„ ู…ูŠู† ูŠุฃุฎุฐ ุงู„ู‚ุฑุงุฑุงุชุŒ
10:47
whose needs are being satisfied.
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ุงู„ุฐูŠู† ูŠุชู… ุชู„ุจูŠุฉ ุงุญุชูŠุงุฌุงุชู‡ู….
10:49
And also, maybe, families.
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ูˆ ุฃูŠุถุงู‹ุŒ ุฑุจู…ุงุŒ ุงู„ุนุงุฆู„ุงุช.
10:51
But who really has the voice, who is making decisions?
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ูˆู„ูƒู† ู…ู† ู„ุฏูŠู‡ ุงู„ุตูˆุช ุญู‚ุงู‹ุŒ ู…ู† ูŠุชุฎุฐ ุงู„ู‚ุฑุงุฑุงุชุŸ
10:56
It's interesting just to see, and then, to maybe be surprised,
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ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุซูŠุฑ ู„ู„ุงู‡ุชู…ุงู… ูู‚ุท ุฃู† ุชุฑูˆุงุŒ ูˆุจุนุฏ ุฐู„ูƒ ุŒ ุฑุจู…ุง ู„ุชุชูุงุฌุฆูˆุงุŒ
10:59
that these ministries are not.
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ุฃู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ูˆุฒุงุฑุงุช ู„ูŠุณุช ูƒุฐู„ูƒ.
11:01
So if you are interested, you are literally one click away --
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ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุฅุฐุง ูƒู†ุช ู…ู‡ุชู…ูŠู†ุŒ ุฃู†ุชู… ุญุฑููŠุงู‹ ุนู„ู‰ ุจุนุฏ ู†ู‚ุฑุฉ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ -
11:06
and I'm aware this sounds like a sales pitch,
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ูˆุฃู†ุง ุฃุนู„ู… ุฃู† ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุจุฏูˆ ู…ุซู„ ู…ู„ุนุจ ุงู„ู…ุจูŠุนุงุชุŒ
11:09
but I am selling you the work of many, many gender-budgeting experts
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ู„ูƒู†ูŠ ุฃุจูŠุน ู„ูƒู… ุฃุนู…ุงู„ ูƒุซูŠุฑูŠู†ุŒ ุงู„ุนุฏูŠุฏ ู…ู† ุฎุจุฑุงุก ุงู„ู…ูŠุฒู†ุฉ ุงู„ุฌู†ุณุงู†ูŠุฉ
11:15
around the world,
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ุญูˆู„ ุงู„ุนุงู„ู…ุŒ
11:16
who have been, for years, working with these concepts.
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ุงู„ุฐูŠู† ูƒุงู†ูˆุง ู…ู†ุฐ ุณู†ูˆุงุชุŒ ูŠุนู…ู„ูˆู† ุจู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ูุงู‡ูŠู….
11:19
So you have such a wealth of material
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ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ู„ุฏูŠูƒู… ุซุฑูˆุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ูˆุงุฏ
11:21
from UN Women, IMF, different scholars,
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ู…ู† ู‡ูŠุฆุฉ ุงู„ุฃู…ู… ุงู„ู…ุชุญุฏุฉ ู„ู„ู…ุฑุฃุฉุŒ ูˆุตู†ุฏูˆู‚ ุงู„ู†ู‚ุฏ ุงู„ุฏูˆู„ูŠุŒ ูˆุนู„ู…ุงุก ู…ุฎุชู„ููŠู†ุŒ
11:25
World Bank, Swedish government ...
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ุงู„ุจู†ูƒ ุงู„ุฏูˆู„ูŠุŒ ุงู„ุญูƒูˆู…ุฉ ุงู„ุณูˆูŠุฏูŠุฉ...
11:27
doesnโ€™t matter, I will not go into all the wealth of materials.
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ู„ุง ูŠู‡ู…ุŒ ู„ู† ุฃุฎูˆุถ ููŠ ูƒู„ ุซุฑูˆุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ูˆุงุฏ.
11:31
So it's all out there.
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ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ูƒู„ ุดูŠุก ู‡ู†ุงูƒ.
11:32
And if we do that, we will have the budgets
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ูˆุฅุฐุง ูุนู„ู†ุง ุฐู„ูƒุŒ ุณูŠูƒูˆู† ู„ุฏูŠู†ุง ุงู„ู…ูŠุฒุงู†ูŠุงุช
11:36
that will not only lead to gender equality,
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ู‡ุฐุง ู„ู† ูŠุคุฏูŠ ูู‚ุท ู„ู„ู…ุณุงูˆุงุฉ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ุฌู†ุณูŠู†ุŒ
11:40
which is an amazing objective in itself,
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ูˆู‡ูˆ ู‡ุฏู ู…ุฐู‡ู„ ููŠ ุญุฏ ุฐุงุชู‡ุŒ
11:42
but we will have better, more effective, more efficient, more fair budgets.
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ูˆู„ูƒู† ุณูŠูƒูˆู† ู„ุฏูŠู†ุง ู…ูŠุฒุงู†ูŠุงุช ุฃูุถู„ ูˆุฃูƒุซุฑ ูุนุงู„ูŠุฉ ูˆุฃูƒุซุฑ ูƒูุงุกุฉ ูˆุฅู†ุตุงูุงู‹.
11:47
What's not to like?
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ู…ุง ุงู„ุฐูŠ ู„ุง ูŠุนุฌุจูƒู…ุŸ
11:51
So I hope next time we meet, maybe here again,
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ุฃุชู…ู†ู‰ ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ู†ุชู‚ุงุจู„ ุงู„ู…ุฑุฉ ุงู„ู‚ุงุฏู…ุฉุŒ ุฑุจู…ุง ู‡ู†ุง ู…ุฌุฏุฏุงู‹ุŒ
11:55
this type of gender-responsive budgeting will be called "budgeting."
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ุณูŠุทู„ู‚ ุนู„ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู†ูˆุน ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ูŠุฒุงู†ูŠุงุช ุงู„ู…ุฑุงุนูŠุฉ ู„ู„ู…ู†ุธูˆุฑ ุงู„ุฌู†ุณุงู†ูŠ โ€œุงู„ู…ูˆุงุฒู†ุฉโ€œ.
12:02
Thank you.
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ุดูƒุฑู‹ุง ู„ูƒู….
12:03
(Applause and cheers)
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(ุชุตููŠู‚ ูˆู‡ุชุงู)
ุญูˆู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ูˆู‚ุน

ุณูŠู‚ุฏู… ู„ูƒ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ูˆู‚ุน ู…ู‚ุงุทุน ููŠุฏูŠูˆ YouTube ุงู„ู…ููŠุฏุฉ ู„ุชุนู„ู… ุงู„ู„ุบุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ. ุณุชุฑู‰ ุฏุฑูˆุณ ุงู„ู„ุบุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ูŠุชู… ุชุฏุฑูŠุณู‡ุง ู…ู† ู‚ุจู„ ู…ุฏุฑุณูŠู† ู…ู† ุงู„ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ู‰ ู…ู† ุฌู…ูŠุน ุฃู†ุญุงุก ุงู„ุนุงู„ู…. ุงู†ู‚ุฑ ู†ู‚ุฑู‹ุง ู…ุฒุฏูˆุฌู‹ุง ููˆู‚ ุงู„ุชุฑุฌู…ุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุนุฑูˆุถุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ูƒู„ ุตูุญุฉ ููŠุฏูŠูˆ ู„ุชุดุบูŠู„ ุงู„ููŠุฏูŠูˆ ู…ู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ. ูŠุชู… ุชู…ุฑูŠุฑ ุงู„ุชุฑุฌู…ุงุช ุจุงู„ุชุฒุงู…ู† ู…ุน ุชุดุบูŠู„ ุงู„ููŠุฏูŠูˆ. ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ู„ุฏูŠูƒ ุฃูŠ ุชุนู„ูŠู‚ุงุช ุฃูˆ ุทู„ุจุงุช ุŒ ูŠุฑุฌู‰ ุงู„ุงุชุตุงู„ ุจู†ุง ุจุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ู†ู…ูˆุฐุฌ ุงู„ุงุชุตุงู„ ู‡ุฐุง.

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