Reduction: the word AT -- American English Pronunciation

249,326 views ใƒป 2012-11-29

Rachel's English


ูŠุฑุฌู‰ ุงู„ู†ู‚ุฑ ู†ู‚ุฑู‹ุง ู…ุฒุฏูˆุฌู‹ุง ููˆู‚ ุงู„ุชุฑุฌู…ุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ุฃุฏู†ุงู‡ ู„ุชุดุบูŠู„ ุงู„ููŠุฏูŠูˆ. ุงู„ุชุฑุฌู…ุฉ ุงู„ู…ุชุฑุฌู…ุฉ ุชุชู… ุชุฑุฌู…ุชู‡ุง ุขู„ูŠู‹ุง.

00:00
In this American English pronunciation video, we're going to go over how to pronounce the
0
370
4580
ููŠ ููŠุฏูŠูˆ ู†ุทู‚ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑูŠูƒูŠุฉ ุŒ ุณู†ุณุชุนุฑุถ ูƒูŠููŠุฉ ู†ุทู‚
00:04
word AT in a sentence.
1
4950
1599
ูƒู„ู…ุฉ AT ููŠ ุฌู…ู„ุฉ.
00:06
I love reductions.
2
6549
1451
ุฃู†ุง ุฃุญุจ ุงู„ุชุฎููŠุถุงุช.
00:14
As you probably know, there are lots of words in American English that will sound different
3
14969
4231
ูƒู…ุง ุชุนู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฃุฑุฌุญ ุŒ ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุงู„ูƒุซูŠุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ูƒู„ู…ุงุช ููŠ ุงู„ู„ุบุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑูŠูƒูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ุชุจุฏูˆ ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ
00:19
in the context of a sentence then they do on their own. AT is one of these words. On
4
19200
5320
ููŠ ุณูŠุงู‚ ุงู„ุฌู…ู„ุฉ ุซู… ุชูุนู„ู‡ุง ุจู…ูุฑุฏู‡ุง. AT ู‡ูŠ ุฅุญุฏู‰ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ูƒู„ู…ุงุช.
00:24
its own, it has the AA as in BAT vowel and the true T. At, at. But in a sentence, it
5
24520
7000
ุจู…ูุฑุฏู‡ุง ุŒ ู„ุฏูŠู‡ุง AA ูƒู…ุง ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุญุงู„ ููŠ BAT vowel ูˆ T. At ุงู„ุญู‚ูŠู‚ูŠ ุŒ at. ูˆู„ูƒู† ููŠ ุงู„ุฌู…ู„ุฉ ุŒ
00:31
will often reduce to the schwa vowel. The final T will either be a stop T or a flap
6
31920
7000
ุบุงู„ุจู‹ุง ู…ุง ุชุฎุชุฒู„ ุฅู„ู‰ ุญุฑู ุงู„ุนู„ุฉ schwa. ุณูŠูƒูˆู† T ุงู„ู†ู‡ุงุฆูŠ ุฅู…ุง ุชูˆู‚ู T ุฃูˆ ุฑูุฑู
00:39
T depending on the next sound. If the next sound is a consonant, then it will be a stop
7
39390
5570
T ุงุนุชู…ุงุฏู‹ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุตูˆุช ุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ. ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุงู„ุตูˆุช ุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุณุงูƒู†ู‹ุง ุŒ ูุณูŠูƒูˆู† ุชูˆู‚ู
00:44
T. If the next sound is a vowel or a diphthong, then it will be a flap T. Let's take a look
8
44960
6050
T. ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุงู„ุตูˆุช ุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุญุฑู ู…ุชุญุฑูƒ ุฃูˆ ุซู†ุงุฆูŠ ุŒ ูุณูŠูƒูˆู† ุฑูุฑู T. ูู„ู†ู„ู‚ู ู†ุธุฑุฉ
00:51
at some sentence fragments. First, at my, at my. The word after the 'at' begins with
9
51010
7000
ุนู„ู‰ ุจุนุถ ุฃุฌุฒุงุก ุงู„ุฌู…ู„ุฉ. ุฃูˆู„ุง ุŒ ููŠ ุจู„ุฏูŠ ุŒ ููŠ ุจู„ุฏูŠ. ุชุจุฏุฃ ุงู„ูƒู„ู…ุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ุชู„ูŠ ุงู„ุญุฑู "at"
00:59
the M consonant. So the T here is a stop T. At, at, at, at, at my, at my. At a, at a.
10
59219
7000
ุจุงู„ุญุฑู "M". ู„ุฐุง ูุฅู† T ู‡ู†ุง ู‡ูˆ ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ุชูˆู‚ู T. ุนู†ุฏ ุŒ ุนู†ุฏ ุŒ ุนู†ุฏ ุŒ ุนู†ุฏ ุŒ ููŠ ุŒ ููŠ ุจู„ุฏูŠ. ููŠ ุฃ ุŒ ููŠ.
01:11
The sound after the word 'at' here is the schwa sound, a vowel. So the ending T will
11
71010
5250
ุงู„ุตูˆุช ุจุนุฏ ูƒู„ู…ุฉ "at" ู‡ู†ุง ู‡ูˆ ุตูˆุช schwa ุŒ ุญุฑู ู…ุชุญุฑูƒ. ุฅุฐู† ุŒ ุณุชูƒูˆู† ุงู„ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ T ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู†
01:16
be a flap T. At a, at a, at a.
12
76260
4490
ุฑูุฑู T. ุนู†ุฏ a ุŒ ุนู†ุฏ a ุŒ ุนู†ุฏ a.
01:20
Now let's look at some full sentences. I'll be at school. At, at, the word after the word
13
80750
6710
ุงู„ุขู† ุฏุนูˆู†ุง ู†ู„ู‚ูŠ ู†ุธุฑุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุฌู…ู„ ุงู„ูƒุงู…ู„ุฉ. ุณุฃูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฏุฑุณุฉ. ุนู†ุฏ ุŒ ุนู†ุฏ ุŒ ุงู„ูƒู„ู…ุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ุชู„ูŠ ุงู„ูƒู„ู…ุฉ
01:27
'at' here is 'school', beginning with a consonant, so the T will be a stop T. At school, at school.
14
87460
7000
"ููŠ" ู‡ู†ุง ู‡ูŠ "ู…ุฏุฑุณุฉ" ุŒ ุจุฏุกู‹ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ุญุฑู ุงู„ุณุงูƒู† ุŒ ู„ุฐุง ูุฅู† ุงู„ุญุฑู T ุณูŠูƒูˆู† ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ุชูˆู‚ู T. ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฏุฑุณุฉ ุŒ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฏุฑุณุฉ.
01:35
I'll be at school.
15
95430
1180
ุณุฃูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฏุฑุณุฉ.
01:36
Also, are you noticing how fast the word is? As a function word, as a reduced word, it's
16
96610
6300
ุฃูŠุถุง ุŒ ู‡ู„ ู„ุงุญุธุช ู…ุฏู‰ ุณุฑุนุฉ ุงู„ูƒู„ู…ุฉุŸ ูƒูƒู„ู…ุฉ ูˆุธูŠููŠุฉ ุŒ ูƒูƒู„ู…ุฉ ู…ุฎุชุตุฑุฉ ุŒ ุฅู†ู‡ุง
01:42
very fast: at, at, at. This provides nice rhythmic contrast in the sentence to the stressed
17
102910
6610
ุณุฑูŠุนุฉ ุฌุฏู‹ุง: ููŠ ุŒ ููŠ ุŒ ููŠ. ูŠูˆูุฑ ู‡ุฐุง ุชุจุงูŠู†ู‹ุง ุฅูŠู‚ุงุนูŠู‹ุง ู„ุทูŠูู‹ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุฌู…ู„ุฉ
01:49
syllables. For example, at school, at school, at school. They're both one syllable, but
18
109520
7000
ู„ู„ู…ู‚ุงุทุน ุงู„ู…ุดุฏุฏุฉ. ุนู„ู‰ ุณุจูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ุŒ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฏุฑุณุฉ ุŒ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฏุฑุณุฉ ุŒ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฏุฑุณุฉ. ูƒู„ุงู‡ู…ุง ู…ู‚ุทุน ู„ูุธูŠ ุŒ ู„ูƒู†
01:56
the word 'at', much quicker than the word 'school'. At school.
19
116810
4600
ูƒู„ู…ุฉ "ููŠ" ุฃุณุฑุน ุจูƒุซูŠุฑ ู…ู† ูƒู„ู…ุฉ "ู…ุฏุฑุณุฉ". ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฏุฑุณุฉ.
02:01
I'll be at her house. The next word, after the word at, is the word 'her'. But I'm dropping
20
121410
5980
ุณุฃูƒูˆู† ููŠ ู…ู†ุฒู„ู‡ุง. ุงู„ูƒู„ู…ุฉ ุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠุฉ ุŒ ุจุนุฏ ุงู„ูƒู„ู…ุฉ ููŠ ุŒ ู‡ูŠ ูƒู„ู…ุฉ "ู‡ูŠ". ู„ูƒู†ูŠ ุฃุณู‚ุท
02:07
the H to reduce that word, so the next sound is actually the schwa sound. That means the
21
127390
5000
H ู„ุชู‚ู„ูŠู„ ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ูƒู„ู…ุฉ ุŒ ู„ุฐุง ูุฅู† ุงู„ุตูˆุช ุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ููŠ ุงู„ูˆุงู‚ุน ุตูˆุช schwa. ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃู† ุญุฑู
02:12
T will be a flap T. At her, at her, at her, I'll be at her house, I'll be at her house.
22
132390
7000
T ุณูŠูƒูˆู† ุฑูุฑู T. ููŠ ูˆุฌู‡ู‡ุง ูˆุฃู…ุงู…ู‡ุง ุŒ ุณุฃูƒูˆู† ููŠ ู…ู†ุฒู„ู‡ุง ุŒ ูˆุณุฃูƒูˆู† ููŠ ู…ู†ุฒู„ู‡ุง.
02:20
I got it at the corner store. At the, at the. So the word after the word 'at' begins with
23
140519
6780
ุญุตู„ุช ุนู„ูŠู‡ ู…ู† ู…ุชุฌุฑ ุงู„ุฒุงูˆูŠุฉ. ููŠ ุŒ ููŠ. ู„ุฐุง ูุฅู† ุงู„ูƒู„ู…ุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ุชู„ูŠ ุงู„ูƒู„ู…ุฉ "at" ุชุจุฏุฃ
02:27
a consonant, therefore the T is a stop T. At the, at the. I got it at the corner store.
24
147299
7000
ุจุญุฑู ุณุงูƒู† ุŒ ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ูุฅู† T ู‡ูŠ ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ุชูˆู‚ู T. ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ ุŒ ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„. ุญุตู„ุช ุนู„ูŠู‡ ู…ู† ู…ุชุฌุฑ ุงู„ุฒุงูˆูŠุฉ.
02:34
I'm going to be at Anna's until 6. At Anna's, at Anna's. The next word begins with a vowel
25
154609
7000
ุณุฃูƒูˆู† ููŠ Anna's ุญุชู‰ 6. ููŠ Anna's ุŒ ููŠ Anna's. ุชุจุฏุฃ ุงู„ูƒู„ู…ุฉ ุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠุฉ
02:41
sound, so the T is a flap T. At Anna's. I'm going to be at Anna's until 6. I'm busy at
26
161799
7000
ุจุญุฑู ู…ุชุญุฑูƒ ุŒ ู„ุฐุง ูุฅู† ุงู„ุญุฑู T ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุฑูุฑู T. At Anna's. ุณุฃูƒูˆู† ููŠ Anna's ุญุชู‰ 6. ุฃู†ุง ู…ุดุบูˆู„ ููŠ
02:49
the moment. At the, at the. Again, the next word, 'the', begins with a consonant, so it's
27
169629
6881
ุงู„ูˆู‚ุช ุงู„ุญุงู„ูŠ. ููŠ ุŒ ููŠ. ู…ุฑุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ุŒ ุงู„ูƒู„ู…ุฉ ุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠุฉ ุŒ "the" ุŒ ุชุจุฏุฃ ุจุญุฑู ุณุงูƒู† ุŒ ู„ุฐุง ูู‡ูŠ
02:56
a stop T. At the, at the, I'm busy at the moment.
28
176510
4750
ุชูˆู‚ู T. ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ ุŒ ููŠ ุŒ ุฃู†ุง ู…ุดุบูˆู„ ููŠ ุงู„ูˆู‚ุช ุงู„ุญุงู„ูŠ.
03:01
I hope you'll notice when native speakers do this and start doing it yourself. Integrating
29
181260
4809
ุขู…ู„ ุฃู† ุชู„ุงุญุธ ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ูŠูุนู„ ุงู„ู…ุชุญุฏุซูˆู† ุงู„ุฃุตู„ูŠูˆู† ุฐู„ูƒ ูˆูŠุจุฏุฃูˆู† ููŠ ูุนู„ ุฐู„ูƒ ุจู†ูุณูƒ.
03:06
the reduced 'at' into your speech will help smooth out the line, and also add some nice rhythmic
30
186069
6201
ุณูŠุณุงุนุฏ ุฏู…ุฌ "at" ููŠ ุฎุทุงุจูƒ ุนู„ู‰ ุชู‡ุฏุฆุฉ ุงู„ุฎุท ุŒ ูˆูƒุฐู„ูƒ ุฅุถุงูุฉ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุชุจุงูŠู† ุงู„ุฅูŠู‚ุงุนูŠ ุงู„ู„ุทูŠู
03:12
contrast to the longer, stressed syllables in a sentence.
31
192270
3910
ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ู‚ุงุทุน ุงู„ุฃุทูˆู„ ูˆุงู„ู…ุฌู‡ุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุฌู…ู„ุฉ.
03:16
That's it, and thanks so much for using Rachel's English.
32
196180
4000
ู‡ุฐุง ูƒู„ ุดูŠุก ุŒ ูˆุดูƒุฑู‹ุง ุฌุฒูŠู„ุงู‹ ู„ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ู„ุบุฉ ุฑุงุดูŠู„ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ.
ุญูˆู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ูˆู‚ุน

ุณูŠู‚ุฏู… ู„ูƒ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ูˆู‚ุน ู…ู‚ุงุทุน ููŠุฏูŠูˆ YouTube ุงู„ู…ููŠุฏุฉ ู„ุชุนู„ู… ุงู„ู„ุบุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ. ุณุชุฑู‰ ุฏุฑูˆุณ ุงู„ู„ุบุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ูŠุชู… ุชุฏุฑูŠุณู‡ุง ู…ู† ู‚ุจู„ ู…ุฏุฑุณูŠู† ู…ู† ุงู„ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ู‰ ู…ู† ุฌู…ูŠุน ุฃู†ุญุงุก ุงู„ุนุงู„ู…. ุงู†ู‚ุฑ ู†ู‚ุฑู‹ุง ู…ุฒุฏูˆุฌู‹ุง ููˆู‚ ุงู„ุชุฑุฌู…ุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุนุฑูˆุถุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ูƒู„ ุตูุญุฉ ููŠุฏูŠูˆ ู„ุชุดุบูŠู„ ุงู„ููŠุฏูŠูˆ ู…ู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ. ูŠุชู… ุชู…ุฑูŠุฑ ุงู„ุชุฑุฌู…ุงุช ุจุงู„ุชุฒุงู…ู† ู…ุน ุชุดุบูŠู„ ุงู„ููŠุฏูŠูˆ. ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ู„ุฏูŠูƒ ุฃูŠ ุชุนู„ูŠู‚ุงุช ุฃูˆ ุทู„ุจุงุช ุŒ ูŠุฑุฌู‰ ุงู„ุงุชุตุงู„ ุจู†ุง ุจุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ู†ู…ูˆุฐุฌ ุงู„ุงุชุตุงู„ ู‡ุฐุง.

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7