Reduction: the word AT -- American English Pronunciation

246,605 views ・ 2012-11-29

Rachel's English


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ²ˆμ—­λœ μžλ§‰μ€ 기계 λ²ˆμ—­λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

00:00
In this American English pronunciation video, we're going to go over how to pronounce the
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이번 미ꡭ식 μ˜μ–΄ 발음 μ˜μƒμ—μ„œλŠ” ATλΌλŠ” 단어λ₯Ό λ¬Έμž₯μ—μ„œ λ°œμŒν•˜λŠ” 방법에 λŒ€ν•΄ μ•Œμ•„λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
00:04
word AT in a sentence.
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.
00:06
I love reductions.
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λ‚˜λŠ” κ°μ†Œλ₯Ό μ’‹μ•„ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ•„μ‹œ
00:14
As you probably know, there are lots of words in American English that will sound different
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λ‹€μ‹œν”Ό, λ―Έκ΅­ μ˜μ–΄μ—λŠ” λ¬Έμž₯의 λ§₯λ½μ—μ„œ λ‹€λ₯΄κ²Œ λ“€λ¦¬λŠ” λ§Žμ€ 단어가 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
00:19
in the context of a sentence then they do on their own. AT is one of these words. On
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. ATλŠ” μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ 단어 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:24
its own, it has the AA as in BAT vowel and the true T. At, at. But in a sentence, it
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κ·Έ μžμ²΄λ‘œλŠ” BAT λͺ¨μŒμ—μ„œμ™€ 같은 AA와 μ§„μ •ν•œ T. At, at을 가지고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ λ¬Έμž₯μ—μ„œλŠ”
00:31
will often reduce to the schwa vowel. The final T will either be a stop T or a flap
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μ’…μ’… schwa λͺ¨μŒμœΌλ‘œ μΆ•μ†Œλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰ TλŠ”
00:39
T depending on the next sound. If the next sound is a consonant, then it will be a stop
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λ‹€μŒ μ†Œλ¦¬μ— 따라 정지 T λ˜λŠ” ν”Œλž© Tκ°€ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ‹€μŒ μ†Œλ¦¬κ°€ 자음이면 정지
00:44
T. If the next sound is a vowel or a diphthong, then it will be a flap T. Let's take a look
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Tκ°€ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ‹€μŒ μ†Œλ¦¬κ°€ λͺ¨μŒμ΄λ‚˜ 이쀑λͺ¨μŒ 이면 ν”Œλž© Tκ°€ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:51
at some sentence fragments. First, at my, at my. The word after the 'at' begins with
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λ¬Έμž₯ 일뢀λ₯Ό μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ¨Όμ €, λ‚΄, λ‚΄. 'at' λ’€μ˜ λ‹¨μ–΄λŠ” M 자음으둜 μ‹œμž‘ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
00:59
the M consonant. So the T here is a stop T. At, at, at, at, at my, at my. At a, at a.
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. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ—¬κΈ°μ„œ TλŠ” 정지 Tμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. At, at, at, at, at my, at my. 에, 에.
01:11
The sound after the word 'at' here is the schwa sound, a vowel. So the ending T will
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μ—¬κΈ°μ„œ 'at' 뒀에 μ˜€λŠ” μ†Œλ¦¬λŠ” λͺ¨μŒμΈ μŠˆμ™€ μ†Œλ¦¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ”°λΌμ„œ 끝 TλŠ”
01:16
be a flap T. At a, at a, at a.
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ν”Œλž© Tκ°€ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. At a, at a, at a.
01:20
Now let's look at some full sentences. I'll be at school. At, at, the word after the word
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이제 전체 λ¬Έμž₯을 μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ‚˜λŠ” 학ꡐ에 μžˆμ„ 것이닀. at, at,
01:27
'at' here is 'school', beginning with a consonant, so the T will be a stop T. At school, at school.
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μ—¬κΈ°μ„œ 'at' 뒀에 λ‚˜μ˜€λŠ” λ‹¨μ–΄λŠ” 자음으둜 μ‹œμž‘ν•˜λŠ” 'school' μ΄λ―€λ‘œ TλŠ” λ§ˆμΉ¨ν‘œ Tκ°€ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. At school, at school.
01:35
I'll be at school.
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λ‚˜λŠ” 학ꡐ에 μžˆμ„ 것이닀.
01:36
Also, are you noticing how fast the word is? As a function word, as a reduced word, it's
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λ˜ν•œ 단어가 μ–Όλ§ˆλ‚˜ λΉ λ₯Έμ§€ μ•Œκ³  κ³„μ‹­λ‹ˆκΉŒ? κΈ°λŠ₯μ–΄λ‘œμ„œ, μΆ•μ•½μ–΄λ‘œμ„œ
01:42
very fast: at, at, at. This provides nice rhythmic contrast in the sentence to the stressed
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맀우 λΉ λ¦…λ‹ˆλ‹€: at, at, at. 이것은 κ°•μ‘°λœ μŒμ ˆμ— λŒ€ν•œ λ¬Έμž₯μ—μ„œ 멋진 λ¦¬λ“œλ―Έμ»¬ν•œ λŒ€μ‘°λ₯Ό μ œκ³΅ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
01:49
syllables. For example, at school, at school, at school. They're both one syllable, but
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. 예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄, ν•™κ΅μ—μ„œ, ν•™κ΅μ—μ„œ, ν•™κ΅μ—μ„œ. λ‘˜ λ‹€ ν•œ μŒμ ˆμ΄μ§€λ§Œ
01:56
the word 'at', much quicker than the word 'school'. At school.
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'at'λΌλŠ” 단어가 'school'μ΄λΌλŠ” 단어보닀 훨씬 λΉ λ¦…λ‹ˆλ‹€ . ν•™κ΅μ—μ„œ.
02:01
I'll be at her house. The next word, after the word at, is the word 'her'. But I'm dropping
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λ‚˜λŠ” κ·Έλ…€μ˜ μ§‘μ—μžˆμ„κ±°μ•Ό. at λ‹€μŒμ— μ˜€λŠ” λ‹¨μ–΄λŠ” 'her'μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ €λŠ”
02:07
the H to reduce that word, so the next sound is actually the schwa sound. That means the
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κ·Έ 단어λ₯Ό 쀄이기 μœ„ν•΄ Hλ₯Ό λ–¨μ–΄λœ¨λ¦¬κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ λ‹€μŒ μ†Œλ¦¬λŠ” 사싀 μŠˆμ™€ μ†Œλ¦¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 그것은
02:12
T will be a flap T. At her, at her, at her, I'll be at her house, I'll be at her house.
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Tκ°€ ν”Œλž© Tκ°€ 될 κ²ƒμ΄λΌλŠ” 것을 μ˜λ―Έν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έλ…€μ—κ²Œ, κ·Έλ…€μ—κ²Œ, κ·Έλ…€μ—κ²Œ, λ‚˜λŠ” κ·Έλ…€μ˜ 집에 μžˆμ„ 것이고, λ‚˜λŠ” κ·Έλ…€μ˜ 집에 μžˆμ„ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:20
I got it at the corner store. At the, at the. So the word after the word 'at' begins with
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λͺ¨ν‰μ΄ κ°€κ²Œμ—μ„œ λ“ν…œν–ˆμ–΄μš”. 에, 에. λ”°λΌμ„œ 'at' 뒀에 μ˜€λŠ” λ‹¨μ–΄λŠ” 자음으둜 μ‹œμž‘
02:27
a consonant, therefore the T is a stop T. At the, at the. I got it at the corner store.
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ν•˜λ―€λ‘œ TλŠ” λ§ˆμΉ¨ν‘œ Tμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. At the, at the. λͺ¨ν‰μ΄ κ°€κ²Œμ—μ„œ λ“ν…œν–ˆμ–΄μš”.
02:34
I'm going to be at Anna's until 6. At Anna's, at Anna's. The next word begins with a vowel
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λ‚˜λŠ” 6μ‹œκΉŒμ§€ Anna의 집에 μžˆμ„ κ±°μ•Ό. Anna의, Anna의. λ‹€μŒ λ‹¨μ–΄λŠ” λͺ¨μŒ μ†Œλ¦¬λ‘œ μ‹œμž‘ν•˜λ―€λ‘œ
02:41
sound, so the T is a flap T. At Anna's. I'm going to be at Anna's until 6. I'm busy at
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TλŠ” ν”Œλž© Tμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. At Anna's. μ €λŠ” 6μ‹œκΉŒμ§€ Anna의 집에 μžˆμ„ μ˜ˆμ •μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:49
the moment. At the, at the. Again, the next word, 'the', begins with a consonant, so it's
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μ§€κΈˆμ€ λ°”μ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. 에, 에. λ‹€μ‹œ λ§ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ, λ‹€μŒ 단어 'the'λŠ” 자음으둜 μ‹œμž‘ν•˜λ―€λ‘œ
02:56
a stop T. At the, at the, I'm busy at the moment.
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λ§ˆμΉ¨ν‘œ Tμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. At the, at the, λ‚˜λŠ” μ§€κΈˆ λ°”μ©λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
03:01
I hope you'll notice when native speakers do this and start doing it yourself. Integrating
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원어민이 이것을 ν•  λ•Œ μ•Œμ•„μ±„κ³  슀슀둜 μ‹œμž‘ν•˜κΈ°λ₯Ό λ°”λžλ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:06
the reduced 'at' into your speech will help smooth out the line, and also add some nice rhythmic
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κ°μ†Œλœ 'at'λ₯Ό μŒμ„±μ— ν†΅ν•©ν•˜λ©΄ 라인을 λ§€λ„λŸ½κ²Œ ν•˜λŠ” 데 도움이 되며 λ¬Έμž₯μ—μ„œ 더
03:12
contrast to the longer, stressed syllables in a sentence.
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κΈΈκ³  κ°•μ‘°λœ μŒμ ˆμ— 멋진 λ¦¬λ“œλ―Έμ»¬ν•œ λŒ€μ‘°λ₯Ό μΆ”κ°€ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
03:16
That's it, and thanks so much for using Rachel's English.
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μ΄μƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. Rachel의 μ˜μ–΄λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•΄ μ£Όμ…”μ„œ κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
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