How to Use Should in English - English Modal Verbs

英语语法- 情态动词 SHOULD

Hi, I’m Oli.

嗨，我是Oli。

Welcome to Oxford Online English!

欢迎来到Oxford Online English！

In this lesson, you can learn about using the modal verb 'should' in English.

在本节课里，您可以学到与使用 情态动词“should”有关的东西。

Do you know how to use 'should' in English?

您知道怎样使用英语的“should”吗？

Like most modal verbs, 'should' has many different meanings and can be used in many different

像大多数的情态动词那样，“should”有 很多不同的意思，可以

ways.

以不同的方式使用。

In this lesson, you can learn how to use 'should' correctly and naturally in different situations.

在本节课里，您可以学到怎样在不同的 情形下正确地、自然地使用“should”。

Let’s start with a simple question:

我们用一个简单的问题开始：

What does 'should' mean?

”should“是什么意思？

This question sounds simple, but when you think about it, it’s not so easy to answer.

这个问题听起来简单，但是当您考虑 它时，那不是那么容易回答的。

Look at a sentence:

看一个句子：

"You shouldn’t work so hard."

"You shouldn’t work so hard."

Could you change this sentence, so that you keep the same meaning, but without using 'should'?

您可以改变这个句子，您保留相同 的意思，但是不用”should“吗？

Think about it.

考虑它。

There’s more than one possible answer; here’s one:

有一种以上的可能的 回答；这是其中之一：

"I think it would be better for you not to work so hard."

"I think it would be better for you not to work so hard."

Here’s another:

这是另一个：

"I don’t think it’s a good idea for you to work so hard."

"I don’t think it’s a good idea for you to work so hard."

These are not the only two; there are more possibilities.

不是只有两个；有 更多的可能性。

From these examples, you can see that when you use 'should', you’re talking about what

从这些事例，您可以看到在您使用 ”should“时，您在谈论您

you think is right, or what you think the best idea for someone.

所认为的是对的，或者您认为 是对某人最好的主意。

For example, if I say:

例如，如果我说：

"You shouldn’t eat mushrooms if you don’t know what kind they are."

"You shouldn’t eat mushrooms if you don’t know what kind they are."

I mean that it’s best for you not to eat mushrooms if you aren’t sure what they are.

我意思是如果您不确定它们是 什么，您最好是不要吃蘑菇。

After all, they might be poisonous.

毕竟，它们也许有毒。

Now, we’re going to look at different meanings of should in more detail.

现在，我们来看看“should”的 不同意思的更多细节。

Keep the ideas from this section in mind through this lesson.

在本节课通篇都要记住 本单元的意见。

Hopefully they’ll make it easier to connect the different ideas you’re about to see!

希望它们会把您看到的不同 看法更容易地联系起来！

Part two: using 'should' to give advice.

第二部分：使用“should：给出建议。

This is one of the most common ways to use 'should': giving advice to other people.

这是使用”should“的最常见的方式 中的一种：给其他人建议。

For example:

例如：

"You shouldn’t eat pizza for dinner every night."

"You shouldn’t eat pizza for dinner every night."

"You should watch “Mad Men”; it’s an interesting show."

"You should watch “Mad Men”; it’s an interesting show."

In these cases, I’m giving you advice—telling you what I think is a good idea for you to

在这些事例里，我在给您建议 — 告诉您我认为对您

do.

来说是个好主意

Easy enough, right?

够简单，对吗？

Try to think of your own examples.

尝试想像您自己的事例。

What kind of things do we give advice about?

我们会建议什么样的事情？

Many things: work, study, hobbies, dating, lifestyle…

很多事情：工作、学习、爱好、 约会、生活方式…

Pause the video and practise: give yourself one piece of advice!

暂停视屏并做练习：给您 自己一个建议！

Ok?

好了吗？

Let’s move on.

我们继续。

Part three: using 'should' to express your opinion.

第三部分：使用“should”来 表达您的观点。

You can use 'should' to say what you think is the right thing for someone else to do.

您可以用“should”来说您认为对 其他某人是要做的正确的事情。

For example:

例如：

"He should tell her how he feels."

"He should tell her how he feels."

"I think she should apply for that job."

"I think she should apply for that job."

This is quite similar to giving advice, except that you’re talking about a third person.

这十分类似于给出建议，除了 你们正在谈论第三人。

You can also use 'should' in this way to talk about more general subjects.

您也可以用这种方式来使用“should” 谈论更一般的主题。

For example:

例如：

"The government should raise taxes on the rich."

"The government should raise taxes on the rich."

"Everybody who works should get four weeks’ paid holiday a year."

"Everybody who works should get four weeks’ paid holiday a year."

Do you agree with these ideas?

您同意这些看法吗？

Try to think of one more example on a different topic.

尝试多考虑不同主题的例子。

What subjects do you have strong opinions on?

您在哪些主题有很强的观点？

Pause the video and make a sentence with 'should'.

暂停视屏并造一个有“should”的句子。

Say it out loud!

大声地说出来！

Up to here, we’ve seen how to use 'should' to talk about the present or the future.

到这，您看到了怎样使用“should” 来谈论现在或将来。

However, you can also use 'should' to talk about the past.

然而，您也可以用“should”来谈论过去。

Let’s see how:

我们看看是怎样的：

Part four: using 'should' to criticise past mistakes.

第四部分：使用“should”来批评 过去的错误。

Do you know how to use 'should' in the past?

您知道怎样在过去时态使用“should”吗？

What do you have to add after the verb?

在动词之后您必须添加什么？

Let’s see an example:

我们看一个例子：

"You should have asked me for help."

"You should have asked me for help."

You can see that to use 'should' in the past, you need to add 'have' plus a past participle

您能看到在过去时态使用“should”， 您需要在动词“should”

after the verb 'should'.

后面添加“have”+一个过去分词。

Let’s practise this quickly.

我们来快速练习一下。

Can you complete these two sentences to make them past?

您可以完成这两个句子， 让他们成为过去式吗？

"He should (book) the tickets earlier."

"He should (book) the tickets earlier."

"They shouldn’t (spend) so much money on a car."

"They shouldn’t (spend) so much money on a car."

Think about your answers.

想像您的回答。

Pause the video if you need time.

如果您需要时间，暂停视屏。

Let’s check:

我们检查一下：

"He should have booked the tickets earlier."

"He should have booked the tickets earlier."

"They shouldn’t have spent so much money on a car."

"They shouldn’t have spent so much money on a car."

Next, let’s think about what 'should' means in these sentences.

接下来，我们考虑一下“should”在 这些句子里有什么意思。

We use 'should' in this way to talk about mistakes in the past; often, we use 'should'

我们用这种方式使用“should”来谈论 过去的错误；通常，我们以

in this way to criticise ourselves or other people.

这种方式用“should”来自我 批评或批评其他人。

For example:

例如：

"You should have studied harder for your exam!"

"You should have studied harder for your exam!"

Meaning: you didn’t study hard for your exam, and I think this was a mistake.

意思是：您没有为了您的考试刻苦 学习，我认为这是一个错误。

"I shouldn’t have told her."

"I shouldn’t have told her."

Meaning: I told her, but I wish I hadn’t; it was a mistake to tell her.

意思是：我告诉过她，但是我希望 没有，告诉她是一个错误。

What about you?

您呢？

Can you think of something you should have done differently in the past?

您可以想到在过去您必须做的 不一样的某些事情吗？

Try to make your own example sentences!

尝试造出您自己的例句。

For extra practice, you could even write your sentences down.

为了额外的练习，您甚至可以 写下您的句子。

Now, we have one more meaning of 'should' to look at:

现在，我们来看看“should” 的另一种意思：

Part five: using 'should' to talk about probability.

第五部分：使用“should”来谈论机率。

We said at the beginning that you use 'should' to talk about the right thing to do.

我们在开始时说您用“should” 来谈要做的对的事情。

That’s true for all the meanings of 'should' we’ve seen until now.

直到现在，我们所看到的“should” 的意思都是这样的。

However, there’s one exception, one meaning of 'should' which doesn’t fit this pattern.

然而，有一个“should”的意思不 符合这个结构的例外。

Look at two sentences.

看两个句子。

Can you see what 'should' means?

您可以看到“should”意思是什么吗？

"There should be some milk left."

"There should be some milk left."

"He should be here soon."

"He should be here soon."

Remember: 'should' here has a completely different meaning to everything we’ve seen so far.

记住：“should”在这里有一个与到目前 为止我们看到的完全不同的意思。

Can you work it out?

您可以理解吗？

In these sentences, 'should' expresses probability.

在这些句子里，“should”表达了机率。

If I say:

如果我说：

"There should be some milk left."

"There should be some milk left."

I mean that I think there’s probably some milk left.

我意思是我认为有可能 有一些牛奶剩下。

By probably I mean ‘more than 50% chance.’

通过“probably”，我意思是 “more than 50% chance.”

So I might say this if I remember buying milk a few days ago, and I think there’s some

所以，如果我记得几天前有买牛奶， 我可能这么说，我认为

left, but I’m not 100% certain; I think there’s probably still some milk in the

有一些剩下的，但是我不是100% 确定的；我认为有可能仍有

fridge.

一些牛奶在冰箱里。

In our other example, if I say:

在我们的其他例子里，如果我说：

"He should be here soon."

"He should be here soon."

I mean that he’ll probably get here soon.

我意思是他会有可能很快就到这。

For example, imagine your friend is coming to visit you.

例如，想像您的朋友正在来看您。

You know that his train arrives at 12.00 and it takes twenty minutes to get to your house

您知道他的火车在12点到，从 火车站到您家那

from the station.

要花20分钟。

The time now is 12.20.

现在时间是12点20分。

You could say, "he should be here soon."

您可以说"he should be here soon."

How do you know if 'should' means “I think this is the right thing” or “I think this

您怎么知道“should”意思是“I think this is the right thing”或者是

is probable?”

“I think this is probable?”

It depends on the context.

那取决于上下文。

Usually, it’ll be obvious.

通常，那会是很明显。

For example, if I say:

例如，如果我说：

"You should definitely go to the British Museum if you’re in London.

"You should definitely go to the British Museum if you’re in London.

It’s really worth a visit."

It’s really worth a visit."

It’s clear here that 'should' means “I think it’s a good idea for you to go to

在这里，“should"的意思是“I think it’s a good idea for you to go to the British Museum” ，

the British Museum” and not, “I think you’ll probably go to the British Museum.”

那是清楚的，而不是“I think you’ll probably go to the British Museum.”

That just doesn't make sense.

那就是没意思。

Similarly, if I say:

类似地，如果我说：

"It should take about 30 minutes to get there by car."

"It should take about 30 minutes to get there by car."

…then 'should' clearly expresses probability.

…那么”should“清楚地表达了机率。

There’s no way for this sentence to be advice or criticism, or anything like that.

这句话没可能是建议或批评 或任何类似那样的东西。

Now, you’ve seen all the possible meanings of 'should'.

现在，您看到了“should”所有 可能的意思。

Finally, let’s review what you’ve learned in this class.

最后，我们来复习一下您在 本节课学到东西。

'Should' is mostly used to express what you think is right or what you think is the best

“Should”更常用于表达您认为是 正确的事情或您认为

thing.

是最好的事情。

So, you can use 'should' to give advice or to express your opinion about different topics.

所以，您可以使用“should”来给建议或者 表达您有关不同主题的观点。

Remember that 'should' is not the same as 'must' or 'have to'.

记住“should”是和“must”或 “have to''不一样的。

When you use 'should', you aren’t talking about obligations or things which are necessary,

在您使用”should“时，您不是谈论 义务或是必要的事情。

you’re talking about what you think is best.

您是在谈论您认为那是最好的事情。

You can also use 'should' + 'have' + past participle to talk about the past.

您也可以使用”should“ + ”have“ + 过去分词来谈论过去。

We use 'should' in this way to criticise past mistakes.

我们用这种方式来运用”should“ 批评过去的错误。

There’s one way to use 'should' which doesn’t fit this pattern: 'should' can mean that something

有一个不 符合这个结构的“should” 的使用方式：”should“意思

is probable.

可以是某些事是有可能的。

You need to use the context to work out what 'should' means, although it’s quite obvious

您需要用上下文来理解”should“意思 是什么，尽管那在大部分

in most cases.

事例里是显而易见的。

Remember that probable here has a specific meaning: it means the chance of something

记住在这里有可能有一个特定的 意思：那意思是某事发生

happening is higher than 50%.

的机会高于50%。

That’s the end of the lesson.

本节课就到此结束了。

I hope you learned something new about what 'should' means and how to use it.

我希望您学到某些关于”should“意思是 什么以及怎样使用它的新东西。

You can find more great free English lessons on our website: Oxford Online English dot

您可以在我们的网站上发现 更棒的免费课程：

com.

Oxford Online English dot com.

Thanks for watching!

感谢观看！

See you next time!

下次见！