How to Use Should in English - English Modal Verbs

英文文法 — 情態助動詞 SHOULD

Hi, I’m Oli.

嗨，我是Oli。

Welcome to Oxford Online English!

歡迎來到Oxford Online English！

In this lesson, you can learn about using the modal verb 'should' in English.

在本節課裡，您可以學到與使用 情態助動詞“should”有關的東西。

Do you know how to use 'should' in English?

您知道怎麼使用英文的“should”嗎？

Like most modal verbs, 'should' has many different meanings and can be used in many different

像大多數的情態助動詞那樣，“should”有 很多不同的意思，可以

ways.

用不同的方式運用。

In this lesson, you can learn how to use 'should' correctly and naturally in different situations.

在本節課裡，您可以學到怎樣在不同的 情形下正確地、自然地用“should”。

Let’s start with a simple question:

我們從一個簡單的問題開始：

What does 'should' mean?

”should“是什麼意思？

This question sounds simple, but when you think about it, it’s not so easy to answer.

這個問題聽起來很簡單，但是在您考慮 它時，那不是那麼容易回答的。

Look at a sentence:

看一個句子：

"You shouldn’t work so hard."

"You shouldn’t work so hard."

Could you change this sentence, so that you keep the same meaning, but without using 'should'?

您可以改變這個句子，您保留相同 的意思，但是不用”should“嗎？

Think about it.

考慮它。

There’s more than one possible answer; here’s one:

有一種以上可能的 回答；這是其中之一：

"I think it would be better for you not to work so hard."

"I think it would be better for you not to work so hard."

Here’s another:

這是另一個：

"I don’t think it’s a good idea for you to work so hard."

"I don’t think it’s a good idea for you to work so hard."

These are not the only two; there are more possibilities.

不僅只有兩個；有 更多的可能性。

From these examples, you can see that when you use 'should', you’re talking about what

從這些事例，您可以看到在您使用 ”should“時，您在談論您

you think is right, or what you think the best idea for someone.

所認為的對的，或者您認為 是對某人最好的主意。

For example, if I say:

例如，如果我說：

"You shouldn’t eat mushrooms if you don’t know what kind they are."

"You shouldn’t eat mushrooms if you don’t know what kind they are."

I mean that it’s best for you not to eat mushrooms if you aren’t sure what they are.

我意思是如果您不確定它們是 什麼，您最好是不要吃蘑菇。

After all, they might be poisonous.

畢竟，它們也許有毒。

Now, we’re going to look at different meanings of should in more detail.

現在，我們來看看“should”的 不同意思的更多細節。

Keep the ideas from this section in mind through this lesson.

在本節課裡通篇都要記住 本單元的內容。

Hopefully they’ll make it easier to connect the different ideas you’re about to see!

希望它們會把您看到的不同 意思更容易地聯繫起來！

Part two: using 'should' to give advice.

第二部分：使用“should：給出建議。

This is one of the most common ways to use 'should': giving advice to other people.

這是使用”should“的最常見方式 裡的一種：給其他人建議。

For example:

例如：

"You shouldn’t eat pizza for dinner every night."

"You shouldn’t eat pizza for dinner every night."

"You should watch “Mad Men”; it’s an interesting show."

"You should watch “Mad Men”; it’s an interesting show."

In these cases, I’m giving you advice—telling you what I think is a good idea for you to

在這些事例裡，我在給您建議 — 告訴您我認為對您

do.

來說是一個好主意

Easy enough, right?

夠簡單，是嗎？

Try to think of your own examples.

嘗試想像您自己的事例。

What kind of things do we give advice about?

我們會建議什麼樣的事情？

Many things: work, study, hobbies, dating, lifestyle…

很多事情：工作、學習、愛好、 約會、生活方式…

Pause the video and practise: give yourself one piece of advice!

暫停影片並做練習：給您 自己一個建議！

Ok?

好了嗎？

Let’s move on.

我們繼續。

Part three: using 'should' to express your opinion.

第三部分：使用“should”來 表達您的觀點。

You can use 'should' to say what you think is the right thing for someone else to do.

您可以用“should”來說您認為對 其他人要做的是正確的事情。

For example:

例如：

"He should tell her how he feels."

"He should tell her how he feels."

"I think she should apply for that job."

"I think she should apply for that job."

This is quite similar to giving advice, except that you’re talking about a third person.

這很類似於給出建議，除了 你們正在談論第三人。

You can also use 'should' in this way to talk about more general subjects.

您也可以用這種方式來用“should” 談論較一般的主題。

For example:

例如：

"The government should raise taxes on the rich."

"The government should raise taxes on the rich."

"Everybody who works should get four weeks’ paid holiday a year."

"Everybody who works should get four weeks’ paid holiday a year."

Do you agree with these ideas?

您讚同這種看法嗎？

Try to think of one more example on a different topic.

嘗試考慮不同主題的例子。

What subjects do you have strong opinions on?

您在哪些主題有很堅持的觀點？

Pause the video and make a sentence with 'should'.

暫停影片並造一個有“should”的句子。

Say it out loud!

大聲地唸出來！

Up to here, we’ve seen how to use 'should' to talk about the present or the future.

到這裡，您看到了怎麼用“should” 來談論現在或將來。

However, you can also use 'should' to talk about the past.

然而，您也可以用“should”來談論過去。

Let’s see how:

我們看看怎樣：

Part four: using 'should' to criticise past mistakes.

第四部分：用“should”來批評 過去的錯誤。

Do you know how to use 'should' in the past?

您知道怎麼用“should”過去時態嗎？

What do you have to add after the verb?

您必須在助動詞之後加什麼？

Let’s see an example:

我們看一個例子：

"You should have asked me for help."

"You should have asked me for help."

You can see that to use 'should' in the past, you need to add 'have' plus a past participle

您能看到過去時態用“should”， 您要在助動詞“should”

after the verb 'should'.

後面添加“have”+ 一個過去分詞。

Let’s practise this quickly.

我們來快速練習一下。

Can you complete these two sentences to make them past?

您可以完成這兩個句子， 把它們變成過去式嗎？

"He should (book) the tickets earlier."

"He should (book) the tickets earlier."

"They shouldn’t (spend) so much money on a car."

"They shouldn’t (spend) so much money on a car."

Think about your answers.

想像您的回答。

Pause the video if you need time.

如果您需要時間，暫停影片。

Let’s check:

我們檢查一下：

"He should have booked the tickets earlier."

"He should have booked the tickets earlier."

"They shouldn’t have spent so much money on a car."

"They shouldn’t have spent so much money on a car."

Next, let’s think about what 'should' means in these sentences.

接下來，我們考慮一下“should”在 這些句子裡有什麼意思。

We use 'should' in this way to talk about mistakes in the past; often, we use 'should'

我們用這種方式來用“should”談論 過去的錯誤；通常，我們以

in this way to criticise ourselves or other people.

這種方式用“should”來自我 批評或批評其他人。

For example:

例如：

"You should have studied harder for your exam!"

"You should have studied harder for your exam!"

Meaning: you didn’t study hard for your exam, and I think this was a mistake.

意思是：您沒有為了您的考試而用功 學習，我認為這是一個錯誤。

"I shouldn’t have told her."

"I shouldn’t have told her."

Meaning: I told her, but I wish I hadn’t; it was a mistake to tell her.

意思是：我告訴過她，但是我希望 沒有，告訴她是一個錯誤。

What about you?

您呢？

Can you think of something you should have done differently in the past?

您可以想到在過去您必須做的 不一樣的某些事情嗎？

Try to make your own example sentences!

嘗試造出您自己的例句。

For extra practice, you could even write your sentences down.

為了額外的學習，您甚至可以 寫下您的句子。

Now, we have one more meaning of 'should' to look at:

現在，我們來看看“should” 的另一種意思：

Part five: using 'should' to talk about probability.

第五部分：用“should”來談論機率。

We said at the beginning that you use 'should' to talk about the right thing to do.

我們在開始時說您用“should” 來談要做的對的事情。

That’s true for all the meanings of 'should' we’ve seen until now.

直到現在，我們看到的“should” 的意思都是這樣的。

However, there’s one exception, one meaning of 'should' which doesn’t fit this pattern.

然而，有一個“should”的意思不 符合這個結構的例外。

Look at two sentences.

看兩個句子。

Can you see what 'should' means?

您可以看到“should”意思是什麼嗎？

"There should be some milk left."

"There should be some milk left."

"He should be here soon."

"He should be here soon."

Remember: 'should' here has a completely different meaning to everything we’ve seen so far.

記住：“should”在這裡有一個與到目前 為止我們看到的完全不同的意思。

Can you work it out?

您可以理解嗎？

In these sentences, 'should' expresses probability.

在這些句子裡，“should”表達了機率。

If I say:

如果我說：

"There should be some milk left."

"There should be some milk left."

I mean that I think there’s probably some milk left.

我意思是我認為有可能 有一些牛奶剩下。

By probably I mean ‘more than 50% chance.’

藉由“probably”，我意思是 “more than 50% chance.”

So I might say this if I remember buying milk a few days ago, and I think there’s some

所以，如果我記得幾天前有買牛奶， 我可能這麼說，我認為

left, but I’m not 100% certain; I think there’s probably still some milk in the

有一些剩下的，但是我不是100% 確定；我認為有可能仍有

fridge.

一些牛奶在冰箱裡。

In our other example, if I say:

在我們的其他例子裡，如果我說：

"He should be here soon."

"He should be here soon."

I mean that he’ll probably get here soon.

我意思是他會有可能很快就到這。

For example, imagine your friend is coming to visit you.

例如，想像您的朋友正在來看您。

You know that his train arrives at 12.00 and it takes twenty minutes to get to your house

您知道他的火車在12點到，從 火車站到您家那

from the station.

要花20分鐘。

The time now is 12.20.

現在時間是12點20分。

You could say, "he should be here soon."

您可以說"he should be here soon."

How do you know if 'should' means “I think this is the right thing” or “I think this

您怎麼知道“should”意思是“I think this is the right thing”或者是

is probable?”

“I think this is probable?”

It depends on the context.

那取決於上下文。

Usually, it’ll be obvious.

通常，那會是很明顯的。

For example, if I say:

例如，如果我說：

"You should definitely go to the British Museum if you’re in London.

"You should definitely go to the British Museum if you’re in London.

It’s really worth a visit."

It’s really worth a visit."

It’s clear here that 'should' means “I think it’s a good idea for you to go to

在這裡，“should"的意思是“I think it’s a good idea for you to go to the British Museum” ，

the British Museum” and not, “I think you’ll probably go to the British Museum.”

那是清楚的，而不是“I think you’ll probably go to the British Museum.”

That just doesn't make sense.

那就是沒意思。

Similarly, if I say:

類似地，如果我說：

"It should take about 30 minutes to get there by car."

"It should take about 30 minutes to get there by car."

…then 'should' clearly expresses probability.

…那麼”should“清楚地表達了機率。

There’s no way for this sentence to be advice or criticism, or anything like that.

這句話沒可能是建議或批評 或任何類似那樣的東西。

Now, you’ve seen all the possible meanings of 'should'.

現在，您看到了“should”所有 可能的意思。

Finally, let’s review what you’ve learned in this class.

最後，我們來複習一下您在 本節課裡學到的東西。

'Should' is mostly used to express what you think is right or what you think is the best

“Should”更常用於表達您認為是 正確的事情或您認為

thing.

是最好的事情。

So, you can use 'should' to give advice or to express your opinion about different topics.

所以，您可以使用“should”來給出建議或者 表達您有關不同主題的觀點。

Remember that 'should' is not the same as 'must' or 'have to'.

記住“should”是和“must或 “have to''不一樣的。

When you use 'should', you aren’t talking about obligations or things which are necessary,

在您用”should“時，您不是談論 義務或是必要的事情。

you’re talking about what you think is best.

您是在談論您認為那是最好的事情。

You can also use 'should' + 'have' + past participle to talk about the past.

您也可以用“should“ + ”have“ + 過去分詞來談論過去。

We use 'should' in this way to criticise past mistakes.

我們用這種方式來運用”should“ 批評過去的錯誤。

There’s one way to use 'should' which doesn’t fit this pattern: 'should' can mean that something

有一個不符合這個結構的“should” 的使用方式：”should“意思

is probable.

可以是某些事是有可能的。

You need to use the context to work out what 'should' means, although it’s quite obvious

您需要用上下文來理解”should“意思 是什麼，儘管那在大部分

in most cases.

事例裡是顯而易見的。

Remember that probable here has a specific meaning: it means the chance of something

記住在這裡有可能有一個特定的 意思：那意思是某事發生

happening is higher than 50%.

的機會高於50%。

That’s the end of the lesson.

本節課就到此結束了。

I hope you learned something new about what 'should' means and how to use it.

我希望您學到某些有關”should“意思是 什麼以及怎麼用它的新東西。

You can find more great free English lessons on our website: Oxford Online English dot

您可以在我們的網站上發現 更棒的免費課程：

com.

Oxford Online English dot com.

Thanks for watching!

感謝觀看！

See you next time!

下次見！