How to Use Sarcasm in English - Learn Spoken English

173,477 views ใƒป 2017-04-11

Oxford Online English


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:01
Hello, Iโ€™m Mia.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใƒŸใ‚ขใงใ™ใ€‚
00:03
Welcome to Oxford Online English!
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ใ‚ชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ‰ใ‚ชใƒณใƒฉใ‚คใƒณใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฐใƒชใƒƒใ‚ทใƒฅใธใ‚ˆใ†ใ“ใ๏ผ
00:06
In this lesson, you can learn about how to be sarcastic in English.
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ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใงใฏ ใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใง็šฎ่‚‰ใ‚’่จ€ใ†ๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’ๅญฆใถใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
00:12
Imagine your friend has an exam.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅ‹ไบบใŒ่ฉฆ้จ“ใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจๆƒณๅƒใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
00:14
Your friend is really lazy, doesnโ€™t study at all, and fails the exam.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅ‹้”ใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๆ€ ใ‘่€…ใงใ€ใพใฃใŸใๅ‹‰ๅผทใ›ใš ใ€่ฉฆ้จ“ใซ่ฝใกใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
00:20
Someone says to your friend:
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่ชฐใ‹ใŒใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅ‹ไบบใซใ“ใ†่จ€ใ„ใพใ™
00:21
Itโ€™s surprising that you failed, after all the hard work you did.
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๏ผšใ‚ใชใŸใŒไธ€็”Ÿๆ‡ธๅ‘ฝใ‚„ใฃใŸใฎใซใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๅคฑๆ•—ใ—ใŸใฎใฏ้ฉšใในใใ“ใจใงใ™ ใ€‚
00:26
This is an example of sarcasm.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ็šฎ่‚‰ใฎไพ‹ใงใ™ใ€‚
00:30
In this lesson, weโ€™ll look at how you can be sarcastic in English, along with some key
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ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใงใฏ ใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใง็šฎ่‚‰
00:36
words and phrases you can learn to practice your new humour!
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ใ‚’่จ€ใ†ๆ–นๆณ•ใจใ€ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ใƒฆใƒผใƒขใ‚ขใ‚’ๅฎŸ่ทตใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซๅญฆในใ‚‹ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎใ‚ญใƒผใƒฏใƒผใƒ‰ใจใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใใพใ™ !
00:40
Letโ€™s get started.
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ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
00:42
Part One: What is Sarcasm?
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ใƒ‘ใƒผใƒˆ1: ็šฎ่‚‰ใจใฏ?
00:47
Sarcasm means saying the opposite of what you mean in order to make fun of someone.
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็šฎ่‚‰ใจใฏ ใ€่ชฐใ‹ใ‚’ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ‹ใ†ใŸใ‚ใซใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใจใฏๅๅฏพใฎใ“ใจใ‚’่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:52
Itโ€™s very common in the UK and often leads to confusion when youโ€™re learning English!
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ่‹ฑๅ›ฝใงใฏ้žๅธธใซไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ๅญฆ็ฟ’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใซๆททไนฑใ‚’ๆ‹›ใใ“ใจใŒใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
00:59
British humour is famous for using a lot of sarcasm with a very straight face, so many
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่‹ฑๅ›ฝใฎใƒฆใƒผใƒขใ‚ขใฏ้žๅธธใซ็œŸ้ก”ใง็šฎ่‚‰ใ‚’ๅคš็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงๆœ‰ๅใชใŸใ‚ใ€ๅคšใใฎ
01:05
people find it hard to tell when British people are joking or being serious.
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ไบบใฏใ€่‹ฑๅ›ฝไบบ ใŒๅ†—่ซ‡ใ‚’่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ€็œŸ้ข็›ฎใชใฎใ‹ใ‚’่ฆ‹ๅˆ†ใ‘ใ‚‹ใฎใŒ้›ฃใ—ใ„ใจๆ„Ÿใ˜ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:11
Now, you donโ€™t need to be confused anymore, letโ€™s take a look at some examples of sarcasm
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ‚‚ใ†ๆททไนฑใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ็šฎ่‚‰ใฎไพ‹ใ‚’ใ„ใใคใ‹
01:18
so that you can see what it looks like!
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่ฆ‹ใฆใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†!
01:21
For example, imagine you see your co-worker sitting at his desk with his feet up, reading
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ๅŒๅƒšใŒ ่ถณใ‚’ไธŠใ’ใฆๆœบใซๅบงใฃ
01:28
a magazine.
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ใฆ้›‘่ชŒใ‚’่ชญใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’่ฆ‹ใŸใจใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:30
You could say:
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™๏ผš
01:32
You look busy!
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅฟ™ใ—ใใ†ใงใ™๏ผ
01:33
Or:
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ใ‹๏ผš
01:34
I see youโ€™re working hard!
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ใŒใ‚“ใฐใฃใฆใ‚‹ใญ๏ผ
01:37
Now, your co-worker is not really busy or working hard.
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ไปŠใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅŒๅƒšใฏใ‚ใพใ‚Šๅฟ™ใ—ใใชใใ€ ไธ€็”Ÿๆ‡ธๅ‘ฝๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
01:42
By saying the opposite of what heโ€™s doing, you are using sarcasm to create humour in
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ๅฝผใŒใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใจใฏๅๅฏพใฎใ“ใจใ‚’่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ€ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ็šฎ่‚‰ใ‚’ไฝฟใฃ
01:48
the situation and make fun of your co-worker.
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ใฆ็Šถๆณใซใƒฆใƒผใƒขใ‚ขใ‚’็”Ÿใฟๅ‡บใ—ใ€ๅŒๅƒšใ‚’ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ‹ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™.
01:53
Ready to learn how to be sarcastic?
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็šฎ่‚‰ใ‚’่จ€ใ†ๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’ๅญฆใถๆบ–ๅ‚™ใฏใงใใพใ—ใŸใ‹?
01:55
Part Two: When to be Sarcastic:
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ใƒ‘ใƒผใƒˆ 2: ใ„ใค็šฎ่‚‰ใ‚’่จ€ใ†ในใใ‹:
01:59
Okay, now that weโ€™ve looked at what sarcasm is, letโ€™s take a look at when to be sarcastic.
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ใ•ใฆใ€็šฎ่‚‰ใจใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ ใŸใฎใงใ€็šฎ่‚‰ใ‚’่จ€ใ†ในใๆ™‚ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
02:09
As sarcasm is a type of humour that responds to a situation, firstly itโ€™s important to
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็šฎ่‚‰ใฏ็Šถๆณใซๅฟœใ˜ใŸใƒฆใƒผใƒขใ‚ขใฎไธ€็จฎใง ใ‚ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€ใพใš
02:16
know which situations work well with sarcasm.
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ใ€็šฎ่‚‰ใŒใ†ใพใๆฉŸ่ƒฝใ™ใ‚‹็Šถๆณใ‚’็Ÿฅใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒ้‡่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚
02:21
The first situation is when something bad happens to you.
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ๆœ€ๅˆใฎ็Šถๆณใฏใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใซไฝ•ใ‹ๆ‚ชใ„ใ“ใจ ใŒ่ตทใ“ใฃใŸใจใใงใ™ใ€‚ ใƒˆใƒผใ‚นใƒˆ
02:26
Imagine that youโ€™ve just made yourself a slice of toast.
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ใฎใ‚นใƒฉใ‚คใ‚นใ‚’่‡ชๅˆ†ใงไฝœใฃใŸใจๆƒณๅƒใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚
02:29
You put butter on itโ€”and then you drop it onto the carpet!
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ใƒใ‚ฟใƒผใ‚’ๅก—ใฃใฆ ใ€ใ‚ซใƒผใƒšใƒƒใƒˆใฎไธŠใซ่ฝใจใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:33
The butter is all over your new carpet.
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ใƒใ‚ฟใƒผใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ใ‚ซใƒผใƒšใƒƒใƒˆๅ…จไฝ“ใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™.
02:37
In this situation you might say something like:
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ใ“ใฎ็Šถๆณใงใฏใ€ๆฌกใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใ
02:41
Great.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:43
Fantastic.
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็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ€‚
02:44
Brilliant.
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็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ€‚
02:45
Of course, this is not great, fantastic or brilliant at all!
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใงใ‚‚ใ€็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใงใ‚‚ใ€็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใงใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ› ใ‚“ใ€‚
02:50
You are being sarcastic.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ็šฎ่‚‰ใ‚’่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:53
In the UK, this response is common when something goes wrong.
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่‹ฑๅ›ฝใงใฏใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ๅ•้กŒใŒ็™บ็”Ÿใ—ใŸใจใใซใ“ใฎๅฏพๅฟœใŒไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๆทฑๅˆปใชใ“ใจใ‚„ๅฑ้™บใช
02:58
Remember that we only use it with small things that are annoying, not something really serious
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ใ“ใจใงใฏใชใใ€่ฟทๆƒ‘ใชๅฐใ•ใชใ“ใจใงใฎใฟไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„
03:05
or dangerous.
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.
03:07
The next situation is very similar.
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ๆฌกใฎ็Šถๆณใฏ้žๅธธใซไผผใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:10
You can use sarcasm when somebody else does something wrong.
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่ชฐใ‹ใŒไฝ•ใ‹ๆ‚ชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ใ—ใŸใจใใซใ€็šฎ่‚‰ใ‚’่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ ใ€‚
03:15
Imagine that your friend is making a drink.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅ‹ไบบใŒ้ฃฒใฟ็‰ฉใ‚’ไฝœใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจๆƒณๅƒใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
03:18
When he goes to sit down, he spills it all over himself.
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ๅฝผใŒๅบงใ‚‹ใจใใ€ๅฝผใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅ…จ่บซใซ ใ“ใผใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:22
You could use this opportunity to be sarcastic by saying something like:
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ใ“ใฎๆฉŸไผšใ‚’ๅˆฉ็”จ ใ—ใฆใ€ๆฌกใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ็šฎ่‚‰ใ‚’่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใ
03:27
Well done.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:29
Or: Great job.
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ใพใŸใฏ: ใ‚ˆใใงใ ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
03:31
As you can see, you are saying the opposite of what you think.
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ใ”่ฆงใฎใจใŠใ‚Šใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ ่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎ่€ƒใˆใจใฏๅๅฏพใฎใ“ใจใ‚’่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:37
Another time we might use sarcasm is when somebody says something thatโ€™s so obvious
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็งใŸใกใŒ็šฎ่‚‰ใ‚’ไฝฟใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ๅˆฅใฎๆฉŸไผšใฏใ€ ่ชฐใ‹ใŒใ‚ใพใ‚Šใซใ‚‚ๆ˜Ž็™ฝ
03:44
that it sounds a little stupid.
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ใชใ“ใจใ‚’่จ€ใฃใฆๅฐ‘ใ—ใฐใ‹ใ’ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ใจใใงใ™.
03:47
Imagine that your friend says:
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅ‹ไบบใŒๆฌกใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่จ€ใ†ใจๆƒณๅƒใ—ใฆใฟใฆใใ ใ•ใ„:
03:49
Did you know that Madrid is the capital of Spain?
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ใƒžใƒ‰ใƒชใƒƒใƒ‰ใŒใ‚นใƒšใ‚คใƒณใฎ้ฆ–้ƒฝใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ— ใŸใ‹?
03:53
You might say:
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ่จ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“:
03:55
No.
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03:56
Really?
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ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€‚
03:57
I did not know that.
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็งใฏ็Ÿฅใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
03:59
Of course, you did know that and by using a sarcastic response, you can make the situation
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใŸใฎใง ใ€็šฎ่‚‰ใชๅๅฟœใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ€็Šถๆณใ‚’้ข็™ฝใใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™
04:06
funny.
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.
04:08
You can also use sarcasm when something unsurprising happens.
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้ฉšใในใใ“ใจใงใฏใชใ„ใ“ใจใŒ่ตทใ“ใฃใŸใจใใซ็šฎ่‚‰ใ‚’ไฝฟใ†ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใ ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:14
Imagine that your friend is writing an essay for a history class.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅ‹ไบบใŒๆญดๅฒใฎๆŽˆๆฅญใฎใŸใ‚ใซใ‚จใƒƒใ‚ปใ‚คใ‚’ๆ›ธใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจๆƒณๅƒใ—ใฆใฟใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚
04:17
Heโ€™s not very good at history, he doesnโ€™t study and he writes the essay very quickly,
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ๅฝผใฏๆญดๅฒใŒ่‹ฆๆ‰‹ใงใ€ ๅ‹‰ๅผทใ‚‚ใ›ใšใ€ใ‚จใƒƒใ‚ปใ‚คใ‚’ๆๅ‡บ
04:24
an hour before the he has to hand it in.
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ใ™ใ‚‹ 1 ๆ™‚้–“ๅ‰ใซ้žๅธธใซ้€Ÿใๆ›ธใใพใ™ใ€‚
04:27
Unsurprisingly, he gets an โ€˜Fโ€™ on his essay.
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ๅฝ“็„ถใฎใ“ใจใชใŒใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚จใƒƒใ‚ปใ‚คใฏใ€ŒFใ€ ใงใ™ใ€‚
04:33
When your friend tells you:
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅ‹ไบบใŒใ‚ใชใŸใซ่จ€ใ†ใจใ๏ผš
04:34
I got an โ€˜Fโ€™ on my history essay.
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็งใฏ็งใฎๆญดๅฒใฎใ‚จใƒƒใ‚ปใ‚คใงใ€ŒFใ€ใ‚’ๆ‰‹ใซๅ…ฅใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
04:37
Of course, youโ€™re not surprised at all.
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใพใฃใŸใ้ฉšใ‹ใชใ„ใ€‚
04:42
You might say something like:
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๆฌกใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่จ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“๏ผš
04:43
Iโ€™m shocked!
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็งใฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ใพใ—ใŸ๏ผ
04:45
Or:
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ใพใŸใฏ๏ผš
04:46
No one saw that coming!
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่ชฐใ‚‚ใใ‚ŒใŒๆฅใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’่ฆ‹ใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸ๏ผ
04:49
Of course, there are many other situations where you could be sarcastic, but these are
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ ็šฎ่‚‰ใ‚’่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹็Šถๆณใฏไป–ใซใ‚‚ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒ
04:54
the main ones to remember.
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ใ€่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใในใไธปใช็ŠถๆณใฏๆฌกใฎใจใŠใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚
04:56
Itโ€™s important to remember that sarcasm should be used in light situations where you
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็šฎ่‚‰ ใฏใ€ๅ†—่ซ‡ใ‚’่จ€ใ„ใŸใ„่ปฝใ„็Šถๆณใงไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใใ“ใจใŒ้‡่ฆใงใ™
05:03
want to make a joke.
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ใ€‚
05:05
Be careful not to use it if the situation is more serious or if someoneโ€™s upsetโ€”you
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็ŠถๆณใŒใ‚ˆใ‚Šๆทฑๅˆปใชๅ ดๅˆใ‚„่ชฐใ‹ใŒๅ‹•ๆบใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ๆฐ—ๅˆ†
05:11
donโ€™t want to offend them!
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ใ‚’ๅฎณใ—ใŸใใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
05:14
Part Three: How to be Sarcastic:
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ใƒ‘ใƒผใƒˆ 3: ็šฎ่‚‰ใ‚’่จ€ใ†ๆ–นๆณ•:
05:19
Now that you have a good idea of when to use sarcasm, letโ€™s look at some key phrases
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็šฎ่‚‰ใ‚’ใ„ใคไฝฟใ†ในใใ‹ใซใคใ„ใฆใ‚ˆใ็†่งฃใงใใŸใฎใงใ€็šฎ่‚‰ใ‚’่จ€ใ†ใจใใซไฝฟ็”จใงใใ‚‹ ใ‚ญใƒผ ใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใจ่กจ็พใ‚’ใ„ใใคใ‹่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
05:24
and expressions you might use when youโ€™re being sarcastic.
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ใ€‚
05:29
A lot of sarcastic responses tend to be short phrases or interjections.
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็šฎ่‚‰ใชๅๅฟœใฎๅคšใใฏใ€็Ÿญใ„ ใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใ‚„้–“ๆŠ•่ฉžใงใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ‚พๅ‘ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
05:35
Like all humour, sarcasm depends partly on responding quickly, so it works well with
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ใ™ในใฆใฎใƒฆใƒผใƒขใ‚ขใจๅŒๆง˜ใซใ€็šฎ่‚‰ใฏ้ƒจๅˆ†็š„ใซ ่ฟ…้€Ÿใชๅฟœ็ญ”ใซไพๅญ˜ใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€็Ÿญใ„ๅฟœ็ญ”ใงใ†ใพใๆฉŸ่ƒฝใ—
05:42
short responses.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:45
Imagine that your friend offers to help you paint your new apartment.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅ‹ไบบใŒใ‚ใชใŸใฎๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ใ‚ขใƒ‘ใƒผใƒˆใฎใƒšใƒณใ‚ญๅก—ใ‚Šใ‚’ๆ‰‹ไผใฃใฆใใ‚Œใ‚‹ใจๆƒณๅƒใ—ใฆใฟใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚
05:48
Youโ€™re working hard.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไธ€็”Ÿๆ‡ธๅ‘ฝๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:50
Youโ€™ve almost finished two walls already, and then you look over and see that your friend
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ™ใงใซ 2 ใคใฎๅฃใ‚’ใปใผๅฎŒๆˆใ•ใ›ใฆใ„ ใพใ™ใŒใ€่ฆ‹ๆธกใ™ใจใ€ๅ‹ไบบ
05:57
hasnโ€™t even painted half of one wall yet!
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ใฏใพใ  1 ใคใฎๅฃใฎๅŠๅˆ†ใ‚‚ๅก—่ฃ…ใ—ใฆใ„ใชใ„ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
06:01
You might say:
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ“ใ†่จ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“: ใ‚ˆใใงใใพใ—ใŸ
06:03
Great job.
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ใ€‚
06:04
Thanks for the help.
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ๅŠฉใ‘ใฆใใ‚Œใฆใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ€‚
06:06
Take your time.
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ใ‚†ใฃใใ‚Šใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
06:08
These phrases make the situation humorous through sarcasm.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใฏใ€็šฎ่‚‰ใ‚’้€šใ—ใฆ็Šถๆณใ‚’ใƒฆใƒผใƒขใƒฉใ‚นใซ ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:12
Be careful you donโ€™t sound too annoyed when you say them!
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ใ‚ใพใ‚Šใ‚คใƒฉใ‚คใƒฉใ—ใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆฐ—ใ‚’ใคใ‘ ใฆ๏ผ
06:17
These phrases are useful in other situations, too.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใฏใ€ไป–ใฎ็Šถๆณใง ใ‚‚ๅฝน็ซ‹ใกใพใ™ใ€‚
06:21
For example, if your friend is helping you cook dinner and he burns it, you could also
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ๅ‹้”ใŒๅค•้ฃŸใฎ่ชฟ็†ใ‚’ๆ‰‹ไผใฃใฆใใ‚Œ ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’็‡ƒใ‚„ใ—ใฆใใ‚ŒใŸใ‚‰ใ€ๆฌกใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใ
06:27
say:
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ใพใ™:
06:28
Good job!
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Good job!
06:29
Or: Thanks for the help.
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ใพใŸใฏ: ๅŠฉใ‘ใฆใใ‚Œใฆใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ€‚
06:32
As you can see, these phrases would work well in a lot of different situations.
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ใ”่ฆงใฎใจใŠใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใฏ ใ•ใพใ–ใพใช็Šถๆณใงใ†ใพใๆฉŸ่ƒฝใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:39
Later, the same friend tells you he has to cook for twenty people at a dinner party this
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ๅพŒใงใ€ๅŒใ˜ๅ‹ไบบใŒ ใ€ไปŠ้€ฑๆœซใฎใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใƒŠใƒผ ใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใง 20 ไบบๅˆ†ใฎๆ–™็†ใ‚’ใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใจใ‚ใชใŸใซ่จ€ใ„
06:46
weekend.
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ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
06:48
Having seen his lack of cooking skills, you say:
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ๅฝผใฎๆ–™็†ใ‚นใ‚ญใƒซใฎๆฌ ๅฆ‚ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ ใ“ใ†่จ€ใ„ใพใ™๏ผš
06:51
Good luck with that.
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ใใ‚Œใง้ ‘ๅผตใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
06:53
Thatโ€™ll be fun.
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ใใ‚Œใฏๆฅฝใ—ใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
06:56
If one of your friends tells a bad joke that isnโ€™t very funny, you could say:
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ๅ‹้”ใฎ 1 ไบบใŒ ใ‚ใพใ‚Š้ข็™ฝใใชใ„ๆ‚ชใ„ๅ†—่ซ‡ใ‚’่จ€ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€ๆฌกใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™
07:02
Thatโ€™s so funny.
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ใ€‚
07:05
Hilarious.
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้™ฝๆฐ—ใชใ€‚
07:06
Can you see how saying the opposite of what you mean makes something sarcastic?
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่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใจๅๅฏพใฎใ“ใจใ‚’่จ€ใ†ใจ็šฎ่‚‰ใซใชใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹?
07:12
When you remember that, itโ€™s very easy to be sarcastic in these situations!
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ใใ‚Œใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ€ ใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใช็Šถๆณใง็šฎ่‚‰ใ‚’่จ€ใ†ใฎใฏใจใฆใ‚‚็ฐกๅ˜ใงใ™!
07:16
Now imagine that you and another friend are both applying for the same job.
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ใ“ใ“ใงใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใจๅˆฅใฎๅ‹ไบบ ใŒๅŒใ˜ไป•ไบ‹ใซๅฟœๅ‹Ÿใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจๆƒณๅƒใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
07:18
By learning and using short phrases like these, you can be sarcastic in a range of situations
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ใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใช็Ÿญใ„ใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใ‚’ๅญฆ็ฟ’ใ—ใฆไฝฟ็”จ ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ€ใ•ใพใ–ใพใช็Šถๆณใง้žๅธธใซ็ฐกๅ˜ใซ็šฎ่‚‰ใ‚’่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™
07:25
very easily.
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ใ€‚
07:26
Why donโ€™t you give it a go?
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ใ‚„ใฃใฆใฟใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‹๏ผŸ
07:29
Part Four: What happens if youโ€™re Misunderstood?
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ใƒ‘ใƒผใƒˆ 4: ่ชค่งฃใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚‰ใฉใ†ใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹?
07:34
Hopefully by now youโ€™re feeling confident enough to try being sarcastic!
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ใ†ใพใใ„ใ‘ใฐใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ ็šฎ่‚‰ใ‚’่จ€ใ†ใฎใซๅๅˆ†ใช่‡ชไฟกใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™!
07:39
Itโ€™s important to go out and practice your new language skills so that you improve them.
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ๅค–ใซๅ‡บใฆใ€ ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„่จ€่ชžใ‚นใ‚ญใƒซใ‚’ๅ‘ไธŠใ•ใ›ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซ็ทด็ฟ’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒ้‡่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚
07:46
Donโ€™t worry about making mistakesโ€”this is natural and it happens.
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้–“้•ใ„ใ‚’็Šฏใ™ๅฟƒ้…ใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ่‡ช็„ถใชใ“ใจใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€่ตทใ“ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
07:51
Now, letโ€™s see how you can make it clear that youโ€™re being sarcastic.
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ใงใฏใ€็šฎ่‚‰ใ‚’่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ˜Ž็ขบใซใ™ใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚
07:57
Itโ€™s important that people can understand that your sarcasm is a joke and that you arenโ€™t
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ็šฎ่‚‰ใฏๅ†—่ซ‡ใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใŸใ ใฎๆ„ๅœฐๆ‚ชใงใฏใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ไบบใ€…ใซ็†่งฃใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใ†ใ“ใจใŒ้‡่ฆใงใ™
08:04
just being mean.
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ใ€‚
08:07
Listen to this:
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่žใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„:
08:09
Thanks for the help.
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ๅŠฉใ‘ใฆใใ‚Œใฆใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ€‚
08:11
Good luck with that.
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้ ‘ๅผตใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
08:12
I did not know that.
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็งใฏ็Ÿฅใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
08:14
Thatโ€™ll be fun.
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ใใ‚Œใฏๆฅฝใ—ใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
08:17
Can you see the problem?
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ๅ•้กŒใŒ่ฆ‹ใˆใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
08:18
Itโ€™s not obvious if Iโ€™m being sarcastic or not, which can make things very confusing!
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็งใŒ็šฎ่‚‰ใ‚’่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใฏๆ˜Žใ‚‰ใ‹ ใงใฏใชใ„ใฎใงใ€็‰ฉไบ‹ใŒ้žๅธธใซๆททไนฑใ™ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™!
08:27
Sometimes you can use intonation to show that youโ€™re being sarcastic.
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ใ‚คใƒณใƒˆใƒใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใ‚’ไฝฟใฃ ใฆใ€็šฎ่‚‰ใ‚’่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็คบใ™ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
08:33
Some people make sarcastic phrases flatter or more emotionless like this:
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ๆฌกใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€็šฎ่‚‰ใชใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใ‚’ใ‚ˆใ‚Šๅนณๅฆ ใพใŸใฏ็„กๆ„Ÿๆƒ…ใซใ™ใ‚‹ไบบใ‚‚
08:40
Thanks for the help.
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ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:42
Good luck with that.
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้ ‘ๅผตใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
08:45
Other people might use a stronger intonation, drawing out the words to emphasise them, like
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ไป–ใฎไบบใฏใ€ๆฌกใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ๅผท่ชฟใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Šๅผทใ„ใ‚คใƒณใƒˆใƒใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใŒ
08:52
this:
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ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
08:53
I did not know that.
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็งใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’็Ÿฅใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
08:55
Thatโ€™ll be fun.
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ใใ‚Œใฏๆฅฝใ—ใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
08:58
Can you tell the difference now?
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ไปŠใ€้•ใ„ใŒๅˆ†ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
09:00
Thanks for the help!
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ๅŠฉใ‘ใฆใใ‚Œใฆใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†๏ผ
09:03
Thanks for the help.
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ๅŠฉใ‘ใฆใใ‚Œใฆใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ€‚
09:05
The first was genuine and the second was sarcastic, of course!
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ๆœ€ๅˆใฏๆœฌ็‰ฉใงใ€2 ็•ช็›ฎใฏ็šฎ่‚‰ ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
09:10
Itโ€™s important to remember that English is a very wide language with a lot of accents
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่‹ฑ่ชž ใฏ้žๅธธใซๅน…ๅบƒใ„่จ€่ชžใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๅคšใใฎใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆ
09:16
and personality, so sarcasm can sound different.
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ใจๅ€‹ๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€็šฎ่‚‰ใฏ็•ฐใชใฃใฆ่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใใ“ใจใŒ้‡่ฆใงใ™.
09:21
Most people will know youโ€™re being sarcastic from the context of the conversation.
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ใปใจใ‚“ใฉใฎไบบใฏใ€ไผš่ฉฑใฎๆ–‡่„ˆใ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็šฎ่‚‰ใ‚’่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
09:26
Facial expressions also help to show people that youโ€™re not being serious, so itโ€™s
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่กจๆƒ…ใ‚‚ ็œŸๅ‰ฃใงใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’็คบใ™ใฎใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคใฎใงใ€
09:31
important to use these too!
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚‚ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒ้‡่ฆใงใ™!
09:34
If you are misunderstood by someone, donโ€™t worry!
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่ชฐใ‹ใซ่ชค่งฃใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ‚‚ๅฟƒ้…ใ—ใชใ„ใง ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
09:37
Itโ€™s easy to make it clear that you werenโ€™t being serious.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็œŸๅ‰ฃใงใฏใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ˜Ž็ขบใซใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใฏ็ฐกๅ˜ใงใ™ ใ€‚
09:41
You could say something like:
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๆฌกใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™๏ผš
09:43
Iโ€™m only joking.
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็งใฏๅ†—่ซ‡ใ‚’่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚
09:45
Or: Just kidding!
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ใพใŸใฏ๏ผš ๅ†—่ซ‡ใงใ™๏ผ
09:47
This makes it clear that what you said was a joke.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใงใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่จ€ใฃใŸใ“ใจใŒๅ†—่ซ‡ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒๆ˜Žใ‚‰ใ‹ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚ ๆฌกใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่จ€ใฃใฆใ€็šฎ่‚‰
09:51
You could also tell them that youโ€™re being sarcastic, by saying something like:
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ใ‚’่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ไผใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™
09:56
I was being sarcastic.
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ใ€‚
09:58
That was sarcasm.
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ใใ‚Œใฏ็šฎ่‚‰ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
10:00
I didnโ€™t mean that, it was sarcastic.
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็งใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ็šฎ่‚‰ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
10:03
Thatโ€™s the end of our lesson.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใง็งใŸใกใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใฏ็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚
10:06
You made it all the way to the end of a short video!
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็Ÿญใ„ๅ‹•็”ปใฎๆœ€ๅพŒใพใง ใ‚„ใ‚Š้‚ใ’ใพใ—ใŸ๏ผ
10:09
Well done!
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็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„๏ผ
10:10
What an achievement!
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ไฝ•ใจใ„ใ†ๆˆๆžœใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†๏ผ
10:12
Iโ€™m just kidding, of course!
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ๅ†—่ซ‡ใงใ™๏ผ
10:16
You can see more of our free lessons on our website: oxfordonlineenglish.com.
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็„กๆ–™ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใฎ่ฉณ็ดฐใฏใ€ ใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆ oxfordonlineenglish.com ใงใ”่ฆงใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใพใ™ใ€‚
10:21
Thanks for watching!
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่ฆ‹ใฆใใ‚Œใฆใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†๏ผ
10:23
See you next time.
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ใพใŸใญใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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