Coulda Shoulda Woulda - What do they mean? How to use them in English!

34,934 views ใƒป 2022-03-26

Learn English with Papa Teach Me


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
(upbeat music)
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(ใ‚ขใƒƒใƒ—ใƒ“ใƒผใƒˆใช้Ÿณๆฅฝ)
00:01
- I thought you were great,
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- ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใŒใ€
00:02
but you shoulda sung your own stuff.
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่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎๆ›ฒใ‚’ๆญŒใ‚ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
00:05
You write your own songs or anything?
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่‡ชๅˆ†ใงๆ›ฒใ‚’ๆ›ธใ„ใŸใ‚Šใ—ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
00:09
- I don't sing my own songs.
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- ่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎๆญŒใฏๆญŒใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
00:12
- Why?
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- ใฉใ†ใ—ใฆ๏ผŸ
00:14
- Well, like tonight, I just wouldn't have felt comfortable.
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-ใพใ‚ใ€ไปŠๅคœใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€็ง ใฏๅฟซ้ฉใซๆ„Ÿใ˜ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใชใ‹ใฃใŸใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
00:18
- Why wouldn't you feel comfortable?
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-ใชใœๅฟซ้ฉใซๆ„Ÿใ˜ใชใ„ใฎใงใ™ใ‹?
00:19
- Well, because
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-ใพใ‚ใ€
00:20
like almost every person I've met has told me
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็งใŒไผšใฃใŸใปใผใ™ในใฆใฎไบบ
00:22
that my nose is too big and I won't make it.
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ใŒใ€็งใฎ้ผปใŒๅคงใ ใ™ใŽใฆใ†ใพใใ„ใ‹ใชใ„ใจ่จ€ใฃใŸใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™.
00:25
- [Man] Your nose is too big?
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- [็”ท] ้ผปใŒใงใ‹ใ™ใŽใ‚‹๏ผŸ
00:27
- Yeah.
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- ใ†ใ‚“ใ€‚
00:28
- I woulda punched them!
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- ็งใฏๅฝผใ‚‰ใ‚’ๆฎดใ‚‹ใ ใ‚ใ†!
00:29
Your nose is beautiful!
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้ผปใŒ็ถบ้บ—๏ผ
00:31
- Oh come on!
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-ใ•ใ‚๏ผ
00:32
- No, you shoulda been a nose model!
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- ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ้ผปใฎใƒขใƒ‡ใƒซใ ใฃใŸใฏใšใงใ™!
00:33
- You're so full of shit!
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-ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใŸใ‚ใ”ใจใงใ„ใฃใฑใ„ใงใ™๏ผ
00:35
- I'm not full of shit, I'm telling you the truth.
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-็งใฏใŸใ‚ใ”ใจใงใ„ใฃใฑใ„ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ ็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใซ็œŸๅฎŸใ‚’่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:36
- You're full of shit.
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-ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใŸใ‚ใ”ใจใงใ„ใฃใฑใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
00:37
- Can I touch your nose?
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- ้ผปใ‚’่งฆใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹?
00:39
- Oh my gosh!
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- ใชใ‚“ใฆใ“ใจใ ๏ผ
00:41
- Let me touch your nose for a second.
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- ใกใ‚‡ใฃใจ้ผปใ‚’่งฆใ‚‰ใ›ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
00:42
(sultry music)
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๏ผˆ่’ธใ—ๆš‘ใ„้Ÿณๆฅฝ๏ผ‰
00:51
You know, you very lucky.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใจใฆใ‚‚ใƒฉใƒƒใ‚ญใƒผใงใ™ใ€‚
00:53
- Oh really?
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- ใพใ‚ใ€ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ๏ผŸ
00:54
Yeah. Not really.
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ใ†ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ‚ใพใ‚Šใ€‚
00:55
My nose has not made me very lucky.
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็งใฎ้ผปใฏ็งใ‚’ใจใฆใ‚‚ๅนธ้‹ใซใ—ใฆใใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ“ใฎ้ผปใŒใชใ‹ใฃ
00:58
I coulda had a hit song if it wasn't for this nose.
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ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใƒ’ใƒƒใƒˆๆ›ฒใ‚’ๅ‡บใ›ใŸ ใฎใซใ€‚
01:02
Everyone says, "Oh, you sound great,
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่ชฐใ‚‚ใŒใ€Œใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„
01:05
but you shoulda started a podcast, not a YouTube channel."
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ใญ ใ€‚ใงใ‚‚ YouTube ใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซใงใฏใชใใ€ใƒใƒƒใƒ‰ใ‚ญใƒฃใ‚นใƒˆใ‚’ๅง‹ใ‚ใ‚‹ในใใ ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:11
- Can I touch your nose again?
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-ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆใ‚ใชใŸใฎ้ผปใซ่งฆใ‚Œใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹?
01:13
- No, it's kinda creepy.
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- ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใกใ‚‡ใฃใจไธๆฐ—ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚
01:16
- Shoulda, woulda, coulda.
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-ใ™ในใใ ใ€ใ ใ‚ใ†ใ€ใงใใŸใ€‚
01:18
How do we use them?
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ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
01:19
What do they mean?
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใฉใ†ใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
01:20
(upbeat music)
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(upbeat music)
01:27
This lesson is also available (upbeat music)
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ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใฏใ€็งใฎ้›ปๅญๆ›ธ็ฑใงใ‚‚ๅˆฉ็”จใงใใพใ™ (upbeat music
01:30
in my e-book.
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)ใ€‚
01:31
You can get extra practice and make sure
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่ฟฝๅŠ ใฎ็ทด็ฟ’ใ‚’ใ—
01:33
that you really understand all of these things.
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ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ™ในใฆใฎใ“ใจใ‚’ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ็†่งฃใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚
01:36
The link for this is in the description.
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ใ“ใฎใƒชใƒณใ‚ฏใฏ่ชฌๆ˜Žใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
01:39
Ah, how do I start this lesson?
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ใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใฉใ†ใ‚„ใฃใฆใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
01:42
I know, with an example.
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ไพ‹ใ‚’ๆŒ™ใ’ใฆ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:45
"Yesterday, I had a day off.
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ใ€Œๆ˜จๆ—ฅใฏไผ‘ใฟใงใ—ใŸ
01:47
No work, no school, no class, no nothing.
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ใ€‚ไป•ไบ‹ใ‚‚ๅญฆๆ กใ‚‚ๆŽˆๆฅญใ‚‚ไฝ•ใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
01:50
What did I do?
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็งใฏไฝ•ใ‚’ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ‹?
01:52
I watched Netflix all day.
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ไธ€ๆ—ฅไธญ Netflix ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
01:54
I was very lazy."
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ใจใฆใ‚‚ๆ€ ใ‘่€…ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€
01:55
So this really happened, but, in place of watching Netflix,
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ใ“ใ‚ŒใฏๅฎŸ้š›ใซ่ตทใ“ใฃใŸใ“ใจใงใ™ใŒใ€ Netflix ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ไปฃใ‚ใ‚Š
02:01
what was possible to do, but I didn't do it?
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ใซไฝ•ใŒใงใใ‚‹ ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€‚
02:08
Going to the gym, that was possible but I didn't do it.
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ใ‚ธใƒ ใซ่กŒใใ“ใจใฏ ๅฏ่ƒฝใงใ—ใŸใŒใ€็งใฏใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
02:16
Cleaning my room, that was also possible
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้ƒจๅฑ‹ใฎๆŽƒ้™คใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‚ๅฏ่ƒฝ
02:18
but I didn't do it because I was lazy.
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ใงใ—ใŸใŒใ€ๆ€ ใ‘่€…ใ ใฃใŸใฎใงใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
02:22
These actions were possible, but didn't happen.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใฏ ๅฏ่ƒฝใงใ—ใŸใŒใ€ๅฎŸ็พใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
02:27
We can use, could have to explain this.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
02:34
"I could have blah, blah, blah," means it was possible
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ใ€ŒI could have blah, blah, blahใ€ใฏใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒๅฏ่ƒฝใง
02:38
and didn't happen.
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ใ‚ใ‚Šใ€่ตทใ“ใ‚‰ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:39
"Could have", we need a verb three with this,
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"Could have"ใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใซใฏๅ‹•่ฉž 3 ใŒๅฟ…่ฆ
02:43
"could have gone to the gym."
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ใงใ™ใ€‚"could have going to the gym."
02:46
"Yesterday, I could have cleaned my room."
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ใ€Œๆ˜จๆ—ฅใ€้ƒจๅฑ‹ใ‚’ๆŽƒ้™คใงใใŸใฎใซใ€‚ใ€
02:49
"I could have gone to the gym."
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ใ€Œ็งใฏใ‚ธใƒ ใซ่กŒใใ“ใจใŒใงใใŸใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ใ€
02:52
Hmm, pronunciation is important here.
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ใ†ใƒผใ‚“ใ€ใ“ใ“ใงใฏ็™บ้ŸณใŒ้‡่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚
02:55
Remember, in English, if you can contract things, do it.
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่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใงใ€ ็‰ฉไบ‹ใ‚’ๅฅ‘็ด„ใงใใ‚‹ใชใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„.
03:00
It sounds more natural.
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ใ‚ˆใ‚Š่‡ช็„ถใซ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
03:01
So, could have, could've,
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใงใใŸใ€ใงใใŸ
03:04
've, could've.
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ใ€ใงใใŸใ€ใงใใŸใ€‚
03:07
Could've.
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ใงใใŸใ€‚
03:08
The stress is here, could, could've
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ใ‚นใƒˆใƒฌใ‚น
03:12
"I could've gone to the gym, but I didn't."
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ใฏใ“ใ“ใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
03:15
"I could've cleaned my room, but I'm rubbish."
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ใ€Œ่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎ้ƒจๅฑ‹ใ‚’ๆŽƒ้™คใงใใŸใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ ใŒใ€็งใฏใ‚ดใƒŸใ ใ€‚ใ€
03:18
We can make this shorter.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’็Ÿญใใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
03:21
Coulda, say it with me, coulda, coulda.
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ใงใใŸใ€็งใจไธ€็ท’ใซ่จ€ใฃใฆใ€ใงใใŸใ€ใงใใŸใ€‚
03:26
Again, it's very lazy, coulda.
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็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ้žๅธธใซๆ€ ๆƒฐใงใ™ใ€‚
03:28
"I wasted a day yesterday.
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ใ€Œๆ˜จๆ—ฅใฏไธ€ๆ—ฅ็„ก้ง„ใซใ—ใพใ—ใŸ
03:30
I coulda gone to the gym."
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ใ€‚ใ‚ธใƒ ใซ่กŒใใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€
03:33
Important points.
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้‡่ฆใชใƒใ‚คใƒณใƒˆใ€‚
03:34
Don't write this in formal writing or in your exams, no,
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ๆญฃๅผใช ๆ–‡็ซ ใ‚„่ฉฆ้จ“ใงใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ๆ›ธใ‹ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ใ„ใ„ใˆ
03:40
but in casual speech or messaging, it's fine.
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ใ€ใ‚ซใ‚ธใƒฅใ‚ขใƒซใชใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใƒใ‚„ ใƒกใƒƒใ‚ปใƒผใ‚ธใงใฏๅ•้กŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“.
03:45
Everyone does it and it sounds natural,
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่ชฐใ‚‚ใŒใใ‚Œใ‚’่กŒใ„ใ€่‡ช็„ถใซ่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹
03:47
so, have fun.
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ใฎใงใ€ๆฅฝใ—ใ‚“ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
03:48
Let's practice a question.
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่ณชๅ•ใฎ็ทด็ฟ’ใ‚’ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
03:50
The question form.
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่ณชๅ•ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใงใ™ใ€‚
03:52
So I could ask you, what did you do yesterday?
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ ๆ˜จๆ—ฅไฝ•ใ‚’ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ‹๏ผŸ
03:56
What did you do earlier today?
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏๅ‰ใซไฝ•ใ‚’ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ‹ใ€‚
03:59
Did you waste your time?
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ๆ™‚้–“ใ‚’็„ก้ง„ใซใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ‹๏ผŸ
04:03
Could you have done something different or better?
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ไฝ•ใ‹ ้•ใ†ใ“ใจใ€ใพใŸใฏใ‚ˆใ‚Š่‰ฏใ„ใ“ใจใŒใงใใŸใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹๏ผŸ
04:08
Let me know in the comments.
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ใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใงๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
04:10
Okay, that's could, now, should.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๅฏ่ƒฝใงใ™ใ€ไปŠใ€ใ™ในใใงใ™ใ€‚
04:14
This is your friend, Maria.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅ‹้”ใฎใƒžใƒชใ‚ขใงใ™ใ€‚
04:16
Her boyfriend cheated on her.
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ๅฝผๅฅณใฎใƒœใƒผใ‚คใƒ•ใƒฌใƒณใƒ‰ใฏๅฝผๅฅณใ‚’ใ ใพใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
04:18
It's very bad, but what does your friend do?
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ใใ‚Œใฏใจใฆใ‚‚ๆ‚ชใ„ ใ“ใจใงใ™ใŒใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅ‹ไบบใฏไฝ•ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹?
04:22
(sighs) She forgives him,
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(ใŸใ‚ๆฏ) ๅฝผๅฅณใฏๅฝผใ‚’
04:25
but you think,
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่จฑใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ
04:28
"She is crazy!
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ใ€Œๅฝผๅฅณใฏๆฐ—ใŒ็‹‚ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹!
04:30
No! you forgave him?
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ใ„ใ‚„!ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅฝผใ‚’่จฑใ—ใŸใฎ?
04:32
Why!"
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ใชใœ!ใ€ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:34
It was better, it was a better idea
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้ŽๅŽปใซ
04:38
to break up with him, you know, in the past.
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ๅฝผใจๅˆฅใ‚ŒใŸใปใ†ใŒ ใ‚ˆใ‹ใฃใŸใงใ™ใ€‚
04:42
How do you say that?
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ใฉใ†่จ€ใ†๏ผŸ
04:45
If we say you should break up with him,
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ๅฝผใจๅˆฅใ‚Œใ‚‹ในใใ ใจ็งใŸใกใŒ่จ€ใ†ใชใ‚‰ใ€
04:48
that's advice for now or the future,
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ใใ‚Œใฏ็พๅœจใพใŸใฏๅฐ†ๆฅใฎใŸใ‚ใฎใ‚ขใƒ‰ใƒใ‚คใ‚นใงใ™
04:51
but how can we say it was better to break up with him
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ใŒ ใ€ๅฝผใจๅˆฅใ‚ŒใŸๆ–นใŒ่‰ฏใ‹ใฃใŸ
04:56
but you didn't.
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ใฎใซใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ†ใ—ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใจใฉใ†ใ—ใฆ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ‹.
04:58
To make it past, we used the have,
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้ŽๅŽปใฎใ‚‚ใฎใซใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ€have ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
05:01
and remember we change that verb
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ใใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’้ŽๅŽปๅˆ†่ฉžใฎๅ‹•่ฉž 3 ใซๅค‰ๆ›ดใ—ใŸใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ€ใ„ๅ‡บใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
05:03
to past participle, verb three.
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ใ€‚
05:06
So break becomes broken.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ๅฃŠใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅฃŠใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ€‚
05:10
"You should've broken up with him."
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ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅฝผใจๅˆฅใ‚Œใ‚‹ในใใ ใฃใŸใ€‚ใ€
05:13
But what do you think?
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใฉใ†ๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
05:15
Should she have broken up with him?
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ๅฝผๅฅณใฏๅฝผใจๅˆฅใ‚Œใ‚‹ในใใ ใฃใŸใฎใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
05:18
That's the question?
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ใใ‚ŒใŒๅ•้กŒใงใ™๏ผŸ
05:19
How can we use the negative of this?
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฎใƒใ‚ฌใ‚’ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
05:22
She wants to say forgiving him was a bad idea.
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ๅฝผๅฅณใฏๅฝผใ‚’่จฑใ™ใฎใฏๆ‚ชใ„่€ƒใˆใ ใจ่จ€ใ„ใŸใ„ .
05:28
In the past, remember.
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ๆ˜”ใ€ๆ€ใ„ๅ‡บใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
05:33
"You shouldn't have forgiven him, stupid"
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ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅฝผใ‚’่จฑใ™ในใใงใฏใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ€ๆ„šใ‹ใชใ€
05:36
Simply, "You should have blah, blah, blah."
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ๅ˜็ด”ใซใ€ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸ ใฏไฝ•ใจใ‹ใ€ไฝ•ใจใ‹ใ€ไฝ•ใจใ‹ใ™ใ‚‹ในใใ ใฃใŸใ€‚ใ€
05:40
It was a good idea to do this.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่กŒใ†ใฎใฏ่‰ฏใ„่€ƒใˆใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
05:42
"You shouldn't have blah, blah, blah."
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ใ€Œไฝ•ใจใ‹ใ€ไฝ•ใจใ‹ใ€ไฝ•ใจใ‹ใ—ใฆใฏใ„ใ‘ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใ€
05:45
It was a bad idea to do this.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่กŒใ†ใฎใฏๆ‚ชใ„่€ƒใˆใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
05:48
And pronunciation, contractions.
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ใใ—ใฆ็™บ้Ÿณใ€็Ÿญ็ธฎใ€‚
05:51
Should have, should've.
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ใ™ในใใ ใ€ใ™ในใใ ใ€‚
05:54
Shouldn't have, shouldn't've, shouldn't've.
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ใ‚ใฃใฆใฏใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ€ใ‚ใฃใฆใฏใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ€ใ‚ใฃใฆใฏ ใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ€‚
06:00
Shoulda, shouldn't've.
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ใ™ในใใงใฏใชใ‹ใฃใŸใฏใšใงใ™ใ€‚
06:04
"You shouldn't've forgiven him."
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ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅฝผใ‚’่จฑใ™ในใใงใฏใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ใ€
06:06
But depends how fast you're speaking.
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ใŸใ ใ—ใ€่ฉฑใ™้€Ÿๅบฆใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆ็•ฐใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
06:09
You could also pronounce it
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06:11
like shouldn't've, shouldn't've.
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should't've, should't've ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ็™บ้Ÿณใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
06:14
"You shouldn't've forgiven him."
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ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅฝผใ‚’่จฑใ™ในใใงใฏใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ใ€
06:20
So, would've?
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใใ†ใงใ—ใŸใ‹๏ผŸ
06:22
How do we use that?
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ใใ‚Œใ‚’ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
06:27
"You forgave him?
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ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅฝผใ‚’่จฑใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ‹๏ผŸ
06:29
(sighs) Me, in that situation,
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๏ผˆใŸใ‚ๆฏ๏ผ‰็งใ€ใใฎ็Šถๆณใงใฏใ€
06:31
nuh-uh, very different."
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ใ„ใ‚„ใ€ใพใฃใŸใ้•ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€
06:34
You want to describe the different past
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใใฎ็Šถๆณใซใ‚ใฃใŸๅ ดๅˆใ€ๅˆฅใฎ้ŽๅŽปใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใ„
06:38
if you were in that situation.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:41
"Me? I punch him in the face."
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ใ€Œ็ง๏ผŸ้ก”ใ‚’ๆฎดใ‚‹ใ‚ใ€
06:44
And, "Me? Not forgive him."
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ€Œ็ง๏ผŸๅฝผใ‚’่จฑใ•ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ใ€
06:48
How do we write this correctly?
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ๆญฃใ—ใๆ›ธใใซใฏใฉใ†ใ™ใ‚Œใฐใ‚ˆใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€‚
06:50
We use would've, again
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06:53
because it's a past imaginary situation.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‚้ŽๅŽปใฎๆžถ็ฉบใฎ็Šถๆณใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€would've ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:58
Would've.
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ใ—ใŸใ ใ‚ใ†ใ€‚
06:59
"I would've punched him" and, "I", negative.
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ใ€Œ็งใฏๅฝผใ‚’ๆฎดใฃใŸใ ใ‚ใ† ใ€ใจใ€Œ็งใ€ใฏๅฆๅฎš็š„ใงใ™ใ€‚
07:05
"I would not have forgiven him."
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ใ€Œ็งใฏๅฝผใ‚’่จฑใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€
07:09
That sounds very unnatural.
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ใใ‚Œใฏ้žๅธธใซไธ่‡ช็„ถใซ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
07:12
Use those contractions.
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ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅŽ็ธฎใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:14
"I wouldn't have forgiven him."
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ใ€Œ็งใฏๅฝผใ‚’่จฑใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€
07:17
We can do better.
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ใ‚‚ใฃใจใ†ใพใใ‚„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
07:19
"I wouldn't've forgiven him."
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ใ€Œ็งใฏๅฝผใ‚’่จฑใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€
07:22
In spoken English, it's completely fine,
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่ฉฑใ—่จ€่‘‰ใงใฏใพใฃใŸใๅ•้กŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
07:25
but written, be careful, your teacher won't like it,
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ใŒใ€ๆ›ธใ่จ€่‘‰ใฏๆฐ—ใ‚’ใคใ‘ ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ๅ…ˆ็”Ÿใฏๆฐ—ใซๅ…ฅใ‚‰ใชใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ—ใ€
07:30
your exam won't like it,
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่ฉฆ้จ“ใ‚‚ๆฐ—ใซๅ…ฅใ‚‰ใชใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
07:32
just keep that in mind.
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ใ€‚่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
07:33
"I wouldn't've forgiven him."
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ใ€Œ็งใฏๅฝผใ‚’่จฑใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€
07:36
"I woulda punched him in the face."
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ใ€Œ็งใฏๅฝผใฎ้ก”ใ‚’ๆฎดใ‚ŠใŸใ„ใ€
07:40
Also, also, we could contract, I would've to I'd've.
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ใพใŸใ€ๅฅ‘็ด„ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใ ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:48
Again, we don't use this spelling in exams or formal writing
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็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€่ฉฆ้จ“ใ‚„ๆญฃๅผใชไฝœๆ–‡ใงใฏใ“ใฎใ‚นใƒšใƒซใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“
07:53
but speech is fine.
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ใŒใ€ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใƒใฏๅ•้กŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
07:55
"I'd've punched him in the face twice."
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ใ€Œ็งใฏๅฝผใฎ้ก”ใ‚’2ๅ›žๆฎดใฃใฆใ„ใŸใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ใ€
08:00
And I know your next question is,
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ๆฌกใฎ่ณชๅ•ใฏใ€
08:02
can we contract all of that? I'dn't've?
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ใใฎใ™ในใฆใ‚’ๅฅ‘็ด„ใงใใพใ™ใ‹? ็งใฏใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ‹๏ผŸ
08:06
No, we can't contract that.
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ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ๅฅ‘็ด„ใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
08:08
I wouldn't've.
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็งใฏใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
08:10
So a question for you, what would you have done
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ใใ“ใง่ณชๅ•ใชใฎใงใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใฎ็Šถๆณใง ใ‚ใชใŸใชใ‚‰ใฉใ†ใ—ใพใ™
08:14
in this situation?
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ใ‹๏ผŸ
08:16
Practice your answer in the comments.
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ใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใง็ญ”ใˆใ‚’็ทด็ฟ’ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
08:18
So that's could've, would've, and should've.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€ง ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
08:21
Coulda, woulda, shoulda.
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ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
08:23
But wait, you can use these to say
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใกใ‚‡ใฃใจๅพ…ใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ไฝฟใฃ
08:26
about something happening in the past,
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ใฆใ€้ŽๅŽปใซ่ตทใ“ใฃใŸใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ใŸใจใˆใฐ
08:29
like, "Hmm, I think this thing definitely happened"
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ใ€ใ€Œใ†ใƒผใ‚“ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ ้–“้•ใ„ใชใ่ตทใ“ใฃใŸ
08:34
or "I think maybe this thing happened.
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ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€ŒใŠใใ‚‰ใใ“ใ‚Œใฏ่ตทใ“ใฃใŸใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:38
I don't know, it's possible."
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ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€ใชใฉใงใ™ใ€‚
08:40
So the probability that something happened in the past.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ ้ŽๅŽปใซไฝ•ใ‹ใŒ่ตทใ“ใฃใŸ็ขบ็Ž‡ใงใ™ใ€‚
08:45
Let me show you.
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ๆŠซ้œฒใ•ใ›ใฆใ€‚
08:47
You come home and, (whistling) "Where's my cat?"
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅฎถใซๅธฐใฃใฆใ€ ๏ผˆๅฃ็ฌ›ใ‚’ๅนใ„ใฆ๏ผ‰ใ€Œใ†ใกใฎ็Œซใฏใฉใ“๏ผŸใ€
08:54
So you think of possibilities.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใ‚’่€ƒใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
08:57
Hmm?
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ใ†ใƒผใ‚“๏ผŸ
09:01
"Maybe he met up with his cat friends."
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ใ€ŒใŸใถใ‚“ใ€ๅฝผใฏ็Œซใฎๅ‹้”ใจไผšใฃใŸใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ใ€
09:04
We can use, could have for this situation.
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ใ“ใฎ็Šถๆณใงใฏใ€ไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
09:09
We put could have right here.
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ใ“ใ“ใซ็ฝฎใใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
09:12
"Dude, where's your cat?"
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ใ€ŒใŠใ„ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ็Œซใฏใฉใ“ใ ๏ผŸใ€
09:13
"I don't know."
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"็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ€‚"
09:14
"He could've met up with his cat friends."
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ใ€Œๅฝผใฏ็Œซใฎๅ‹้”ใจไผšใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใŸใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ใ€
09:17
Remember before?
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ๅ‰ใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
09:18
We said it was possible but didn't happen.
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ๅฏ่ƒฝใ ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใŒใ€ๅฎŸ็พใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
09:22
In this context, we're saying,
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ใ“ใฎๆ–‡่„ˆใงใฏใ€
09:25
"I don't know if it happened, but maybe",
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ใ€Œใใ‚ŒใŒ่ตทใ“ใฃใŸใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใฏใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใใ€ใจ
09:30
because it's possible.
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่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใฏใ€ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™.
09:32
Could means possible.
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could ใฏๅฏ่ƒฝใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚
09:34
And remember the pronunciation.
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ใใ—ใฆ็™บ้Ÿณใ‚’่ฆšใˆใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
09:37
He could've, "He could've met up with his cat friends.
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ๅฝผใฏใ€ใ€Œๅฝผใฏ็Œซใฎๅ‹้”ใจไผšใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใŸใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œ
09:41
I don't know."
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ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚็งใซใฏใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใ€
09:42
What else maybe happened to the cat?
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็Œซใซไป–ใซไฝ•ใŒ่ตทใ“ใฃใŸใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹๏ผŸ
09:44
Answers in the comments.
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ใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใง็ญ”ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
09:46
So, can we use should've in the same way?
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ๅŒใ˜ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ shouldve ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™ใ‹?
09:51
One way is to say, "Yeah, I think this thing happened.
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1 ใคใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใฏใ€ใ€Œใˆใˆใ€ ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒ่ตทใ“ใฃใŸใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™
09:56
I mean, it's very likely that this thing happened."
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ใ€‚ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒ่ตทใ“ใฃใŸๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒ้žๅธธใซ้ซ˜ใ„ ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ๆ–นๆณ•ใงใ™ใ€‚
09:59
For example, if you have ever done laundry,
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ ๆด—ๆฟฏใ‚’ใ—ใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ไบบใชใ‚‰
10:03
you know this situation, you know,
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ใ€ใ“ใฎ็Šถๆณใ‚’
10:06
when you are doing laundry and you check how long is left.
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็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
10:10
"Oh, 30 minutes.
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ใ€Œใ‚ใ‚ใ€30ๅˆ†ใ€‚
10:11
Cool. I'll go have a shower, make a coffee.
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ใ„ใ„ใ‚ˆใ€‚ ใ‚ทใƒฃใƒฏใƒผใ‚’ๆตดใณใซ่กŒใฃใฆใ€ใ‚ณใƒผใƒ’ใƒผใ‚’ไฝœใฃ
10:15
And then I'll come back in 30 minutes", right?
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ใฆใ€30ๅˆ†ๅพŒใซๆˆปใฃใฆใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆ ใ€ใงใ—ใ‚‡๏ผŸ
10:20
And then 31 minutes later you are like, "Hmm, yeah.
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ใใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰ 31 ๅˆ† ๅพŒใ€ใ€Œใ†ใƒผใ‚“ใ€ใ†ใ‚“
10:26
I think definitely the laundry has finished
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10:29
because it told me '30 minutes.'
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ใ€‚ใ€Ž30 ๅˆ†ใ€ใจ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใฎใงใ€้–“้•ใ„ใชใๆด—ๆฟฏใฏ็ต‚ใ‚ใฃใŸใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€
10:32
It's very likely that it's finished."
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็ต‚ใ‚ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒ้ซ˜ใ„ใ€ใจ่ฉฑใ—ใŸใ€‚
10:35
How can I say that?
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ใฉใ†ใ™ใ‚Œใฐใใ‚Œใ‚’่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
10:37
Use should've.
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ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
10:39
"Hmm. 31 minutes.
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ใ€Œใ†ใƒผใ‚“ใ€‚31ๅˆ†
10:42
Yeah. Should've finished."
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ใ€‚ใ†ใ‚“ใ€‚็ต‚ใ‚ใฃใŸใฏใšใ ใ€
10:44
Should've.
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ใ™ในใใ ใฃใŸใ€‚
10:45
The same for the negative if you think,
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10:48
"Yeah, I don't think this happened."
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ใ€Œใˆใˆใ€็งใฏใ“ใ‚ŒใŒ่ตทใ“ใฃใŸใจใฏๆ€ใ‚ใชใ„ใ€ใจๆ€ใ†ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใƒใ‚ฌใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใซใคใ„ใฆใ‚‚ๅŒใ˜ใงใ™ใ€‚
10:51
"25 minutes.
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ใ€Œ25ๅˆ†
10:53
No, it shouldn't have finished yet."
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ใ€‚ใ„ใ‚„ใ€ใพใ ็ต‚ใ‚ใฃใฆใชใ„ใฏใšใ ใ€
10:55
But of course, we both know that washing machines are liars.
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€็งใŸใกไบŒไบบใจใ‚‚ ใ€ๆด—ๆฟฏๆฉŸใŒๅ˜˜ใคใใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
11:01
You come to check,
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11:03
"Ah! 11 minutes?"
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ใ€Œใ‚ใฃ๏ผ11ๅˆ†๏ผŸใ€
11:06
Seriously, washing machines are why I have trust issues.
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็œŸๅ‰ฃใซใ€ๆด—ๆฟฏๆฉŸ ใŒ็งใŒไฟก้ ผใฎๅ•้กŒใ‚’ๆŠฑใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹็†็”ฑใงใ™ใ€‚
11:10
So, this is the second other way we use should have.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ ็งใŸใกใŒไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹2็•ช็›ฎใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใงใ™ใ€‚
11:16
When you want to say,
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ใ€Œใ‚ใƒผใ€ใ‚‚ใ†็ต‚ใ‚ใฃใฆใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใฃใฆใŸใ€ใฃใฆ่จ€ใ„ใŸใ„ๆ™‚
11:20
"Ah, I expected it to have finished by now."
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ใ€‚
11:25
"Ah, it", the washing machine, "should've finished by now."
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ใ€Œใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใใ‚Œใ€ใ€ๆด—ๆฟฏๆฉŸใ€ ใ€Œใ‚‚ใ†็ต‚ใ‚ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฏใšใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€
11:30
Your expectation that didn't happen.
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่ตทใ“ใ‚‰ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ‚ใชใŸใฎๆœŸๅพ…ใ€‚
11:33
"Ah, it should've finished by now."
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ใ€Œใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใ‚‚ใ†็ต‚ใ‚ใฃใŸใฏใšใ ใ€
11:37
So be careful, depending on the context,
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ๆ–‡่„ˆใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆๆ„ๅ‘ณใŒ้•ใ†ใฎใงๆณจๆ„ใŒๅฟ…่ฆ
11:40
it might have a different meaning.
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ใงใ™ใ€‚
11:43
"Seriously, where is my cat?
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ใ€Œใพใ˜ใ‚ใช่ฉฑใ€ใ†ใกใฎ็Œซใฏใฉใ“๏ผŸไฝ•
11:45
He should've come home hours ago."
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ๆ™‚้–“ใ‚‚ๅ‰ใซๅธฐใฃใฆใใ‚‹ในใใ ใฃใŸใ€
11:49
I expected him to come home hours ago.
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็งใฏๅฝผใŒไฝ•ๆ™‚้–“ใ‚‚ๅ‰ใซๅธฐๅฎ…ใ™ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใฃใฆใ„ใŸ.
11:53
So there is that little difference with should've,
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€shouldve ใจใฎ้•ใ„ใฏใปใจใ‚“ใฉใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€
11:56
just keep that in mind.
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ใใ‚Œใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
11:58
Okay, and finally, would've.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใใ—ใฆๆœ€ๅพŒใซใ€ใใ†ใ™ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
12:00
This is when you think something definitely happened, 100%.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ ใ€100%็ขบๅฎŸใซไฝ•ใ‹ใŒ่ตทใ“ใฃใŸใจๆ€ใ†ใจใใงใ™ใ€‚
12:05
"Yep. This happened."
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ใ€Œใ†ใ‚“ใ€‚ใ“ใ†ใชใฃใŸใ€
12:07
You don't have evidence.
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่จผๆ‹ ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
12:08
You didn't see it.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’่ฆ‹ใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
12:09
You don't know, but you think 100%,
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ็Ÿฅใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ100%
12:14
"Yeah. I'm sure this happened", or "didn't happen."
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ใ€Œใ‚ใ‚ใ€็ขบใ‹ใซใ“ใ‚Œใฏ ่ตทใ“ใฃใŸใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œ่ตทใ“ใ‚‰ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ€ใจ่€ƒใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
12:17
(sighs) "I miss my cat."
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(ใŸใ‚ๆฏ) ใ€Œใ†ใกใฎ็ŒซใŒๆ‹ใ—ใ„ใ€
12:20
"Do you think the cat got in a fight?"
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ใ€Œ็ŒซใŒใ‚ฑใƒณใ‚ซใ—ใŸใจๆ€ใ†๏ผŸใ€
12:23
"No! The cat wouldn't've got in a fight he's a pacifist."
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ใ€Œใ ใ‚๏ผ็Œซ ใฏๅนณๅ’Œไธป็พฉ่€…ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ๅ–งๅ˜ฉใฏใ—ใชใ„ใ€
12:27
I want to say I'm sure the cat definitely didn't get
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่จ€ใ„ใŸใ„ใฎใฏใ€ ็Œซใฏ็ตถๅฏพใซ
12:32
in a fight.
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ๅ–งๅ˜ฉใ‚’ใ—ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
12:33
So I say, "He wouldn't have got in a fight."
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰็งใฏใ€ใ€Œๅฝผใฏใ‚ฑใƒณใ‚ซใซใชใ‚‰ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ ใ‚ใ†ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ ใพใ™ใ€‚
12:38
I think 100%, "No, didn't happen."
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100%ใ€Œใ„ใ‚„ใ€ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ€ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
12:41
Okay, so let's practice all of this
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ใ‚ˆใ—ใ€ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใจ Patreon ใงๅ…ฅๆ‰‹ใงใใ‚‹็งใฎ้›ปๅญๆ›ธ็ฑใงใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ™ในใฆใ‚’็ทด็ฟ’ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
12:43
in the comments and in my e-book available on Patreon,
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12:47
the link is in the description.
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ใ€‚ใƒชใƒณใ‚ฏใฏ่ชฌๆ˜Žใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
12:49
Three questions for you.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใซ 3 ใคใฎ่ณชๅ•ใงใ™ใ€‚
12:50
Write them in your notes, in the e-book or in the comments.
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ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ใƒกใƒข ใ€้›ปๅญๆ›ธ็ฑใ€ใพใŸใฏใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใซๆ›ธใ่พผใ‚“ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
12:54
First question.
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ๆœ€ๅˆใฎ่ณชๅ•ใ€‚
12:55
If you were in Maria's situation, what would you have done?
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ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใƒžใƒชใ‚ขใฎ็ซ‹ๅ ดใ ใฃ ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใฉใ†ใ—ใพใ™ใ‹?
12:59
Would you have forgiven your boyfriend or girlfriend?
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅฝผๆฐใ‚„ๅฝผๅฅณใ‚’่จฑใ—ใŸใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ‹๏ผŸ
13:03
Would you have punched them in the face?
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅฝผใ‚‰ใฎ้ก”ใ‚’ๆฎดใฃใŸใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹๏ผŸ
13:05
Let me know.
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ใŠ็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใ›ไธ‹ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
13:06
Question number two.
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่ณชๅ•ใใฎ2ใ€‚
13:07
Yesterday, I was very hungry
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ๆ˜จๆ—ฅใ€็งใฏใจใฆใ‚‚ใŠ่…นใŒ็ฉบใ„ใฆ
13:09
but I ate very rubbish food, like junk food, McDonald's,
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ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใŒใ€ ใ‚ธใƒฃใƒณใ‚ฏ ใƒ•ใƒผใƒ‰ใ‚„ใƒžใ‚ฏใƒ‰ใƒŠใƒซใƒ‰
13:15
all the bad food, but I'm trying to be healthy.
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ใชใฉใฎๆ‚ชใ„้ฃŸใน็‰ฉใ‚’ ใŸใใ•ใ‚“้ฃŸในใพใ—ใŸใŒใ€ๅฅๅบทใงใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใจๅŠชๅŠ›ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
13:18
So, you tell me, what should I have eaten?
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€็งใฏไฝ•ใ‚’้ฃŸในใ‚‹ในใใ ใฃใŸใฎใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
13:25
Give me your advice that I can't use.
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็งใŒไฝฟใˆใชใ„ใ‚ขใƒ‰ใƒใ‚คใ‚นใ‚’ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
13:29
And question three.
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ใใ—ใฆ็ฌฌ3ๅ•ใ€‚
13:30
Imagine you were in London last weekend.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๅ…ˆ้€ฑๆœซใƒญใƒณใƒ‰ใƒณใซใ„ใŸใจๆƒณๅƒใ—ใฆใฟใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
13:34
What would you have done
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13:36
if you had been in London last weekend?
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ๅ…ˆ้€ฑๆœซใ€ใƒญใƒณใƒ‰ใƒณใซใ„ใŸใ‚‰ไฝ•ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹?
13:39
Again, write your answers in the comments,
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็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆ
13:41
in the e-book or just in your notes.
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ใ€้›ปๅญๆ›ธ็ฑใ€ใพใŸใฏใƒกใƒขใซ็ญ”ใˆใ‚’ๆ›ธใ่พผใ‚“ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
13:43
Practice what you've just learned
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ไปŠๅญฆใ‚“ใ ใ“ใจใ‚’็ทด็ฟ’ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
13:45
and I'll see you in the next class.
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ใ€‚ๆฌกใฎใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚นใงใŠไผšใ„ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
13:47
(upbeat music)
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(ๆ˜Žใ‚‹ใ„้Ÿณๆฅฝ)
13:48
Bye.
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ใ•ใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‰ใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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