The Dark L, The Light L, the Ws and the Hs | Ultimate British Pronunciation Lesson 2

71,809 views ใƒป 2020-11-14

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ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
- Welcome back to Unit Two
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-
00:01
of my Ultimate British Pronunciation Course,
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Ultimate British Pronunciation Course ใฎใƒฆใƒ‹ใƒƒใƒˆ 2 ใธใ‚ˆใ†ใ“ใใ€‚
00:04
where we talk about why British pronunciation is so weird.
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ใชใœใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นใฎ ็™บ้ŸณใŒๅค‰ใชใฎใ‹ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:08
If you haven't already, please download my free ebook
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ใพใ ใŠๆŒใกใงใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ papateachme.com ใ‹ใ‚‰็งใฎ็„กๆ–™ใฎ้›ปๅญใƒ–ใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚’ใƒ€ใ‚ฆใƒณใƒญใƒผใƒ‰ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
00:11
from papateachme.com.
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ใ€‚
00:13
You just go there and I'll send it to your email.
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ใใ“ใซ่กŒใใ ใ‘ ใงใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎใƒกใƒผใƒซใ‚ขใƒ‰ใƒฌใ‚นใซ้€ไฟกใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:16
It's free, don't worry. It's all good.
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ใใ‚Œใฏ็„กๆ–™ใงใ™ใ€ๅฟƒ้…ใ—ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ๅคงไธˆๅคซใ ใ‚ˆใƒผใ€‚
00:18
This book will help you track your progress
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ใ“ใฎๆœฌใฏ
00:21
throughout this course
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ใ€ใ“ใฎใ‚ณใƒผใ‚นๅ…จไฝ“ใฎ้€ฒๆ—็Šถๆณ
00:22
and help you follow these videos much more easily.
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ใ‚’่ฟฝ่ทกใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใกใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ใ‚ˆใ‚Š็ฐกๅ˜ใซ็†่งฃใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใกใพใ™ .
00:25
So, first and the easiest is the H sound.
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ใจใ„ใ†ใ‚ใ‘ใงใ€ใพใšไธ€็•ช็ฐกๅ˜ใชใฎใฏH้Ÿณใงใ™ใ€‚
00:29
Sometimes, sometimes we drop the H sound
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ใจใใฉใใ€่ชž้ ญใฎ H ใฎ้Ÿณใ‚’่ฝใจใ™ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Š
00:36
at the beginning of some words.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:39
Dropping the H is very common in Cockney and similar styles.
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H ใ‚’ๅ‰Š้™คใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏ ใ€Cockney ใŠใ‚ˆใณ้กžไผผใฎใ‚นใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒซใง้žๅธธใซไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใงใ™ใ€‚
00:44
So, let's do some examples.
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎไพ‹ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
00:46
The word, hello.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใ€‚
00:47
You could drop that H, so it sounds like 'ello,
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ใใฎ H ใ‚’ ็œ็•ฅใงใใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€'ello' ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ใใ‚Œใง
00:52
and that would be fine.
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ๅ•้กŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
00:53
But again, don't drop the H for every word
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€H ใงๅง‹ใพใ‚‹ใ™ในใฆใฎๅ˜่ชžใฎ H ใ‚’ๅ‰Š้™คใ—ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„
00:58
which begins with an H.
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ใ€‚
01:00
No one does that.
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่ชฐใ‚‚ใใ‚“ใชใ“ใจใฏใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
01:01
And it would sound like you're trying too hard.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ้ ‘ๅผตใ‚Šใ™ใŽใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
01:04
Remember that we want natural sounding
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่‡ช็„ถใช่‹ฑๅ›ฝใฎ็™บ้ŸณใŒๅฟ…่ฆใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„
01:07
British pronunciation.
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ใ€‚
01:08
That's the goal here. So, when is it common?
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ใใ‚ŒใŒใ“ใ“ใงใฎ็›ฎๆจ™ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใงใฏใ€ใ„ใคใŒไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
01:11
Well, it's most common when the H falls between two words.
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H ใŒ 2 ใคใฎๅ˜่ชžใฎ้–“ใซใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใŒๆœ€ใ‚‚ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใงใ™ใ€‚
01:16
For example, in go home,
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€go home ใงใฏใ€
01:19
let's drop that H so it sounds like go 'ome.
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ใใฎ H ใ‚’ๅ‰Š้™คใ—ใฆ ใ€go 'ome ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
01:23
It flows nicely, right? But why?
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็ถบ้บ—ใซๆตใ‚Œใพใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใชใœ๏ผŸ
01:27
Well, we're now connecting those two words with a wah sound,
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใฎ 2 ใคใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ใƒฏใ‚ฆ ใ‚ตใ‚ฆใƒณใƒ‰ใง
01:32
go wome, go wome.
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ใคใชใŽใพใ™ใ€‚go womeใ€go wome ใงใ™ใ€‚
01:34
Say it with me. Go wome.
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็งใจไธ€็ท’ใซ่จ€ใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ่กŒใใชใ•ใ„ใ€‚
01:37
Connected speech is very important. Whole sentence.
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ๆŽฅ็ถšใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใƒใฏ้žๅธธใซ ้‡่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅ…จๆ–‡ใ€‚
01:41
I'm gonna go home.
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ๅฎถใซๅธฐใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
01:44
We're going to drop that H, so say it with me.
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ใใฎHใ‚’่ฝใจใ™ ใ‹ใ‚‰ไธ€็ท’ใซ่จ€ใฃใฆใญใ€‚
01:47
Let's practice. I'm gonna go 'ome.
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็ทด็ฟ’ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ็งใฏ่กŒใใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚
01:52
I'm going to his house.
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็งใฏๅฝผใฎๅฎถใซ่กŒใใพใ™ใ€‚
01:55
You don't want to sound like a robot.
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ใƒญใƒœใƒƒใƒˆใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใŸใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
01:57
You want to sound like a human,
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไบบ้–“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใŸใ„
01:58
so we could possibly drop both of those H's.
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ใฎใง ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ H ใฎไธกๆ–นใ‚’ๅ‰Š้™คใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
02:03
I'm going to 'is 'ouse. That's fine.
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็งใฏ่กŒใใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
02:07
You say it.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’่จ€ใ†ใ€‚
02:11
Another option, keep the first H, drop the second one.
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ๅˆฅใฎใ‚ชใƒ—ใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใจใ—ใฆใ€ ๆœ€ๅˆใฎ H ใ‚’ไฟๆŒใ—ใ€2 ็•ช็›ฎใฎ H ใ‚’ๅ‰Š้™คใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:14
I'm going to his 'ouse.
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็งใฏๅฝผใฎๅฎถใซ่กŒใใพใ™ใ€‚
02:20
That one sounds more Cockney to me.
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ใใฎๆ–นใŒ็งใซใฏใ‚ณใƒƒใ‚ฏใƒ‹ใƒผใซ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
02:22
I don't know why, it just does.
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็†็”ฑใฏใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
02:24
But, you have the option, right?
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใซใฏ้ธๆŠž่‚ขใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ
02:26
And of course, there's the option of keeping both H's
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ ไธกๆ–นใฎ H ใ‚’ไฟๆŒใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ชใƒ—ใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใ‚‚
02:29
and of course, that's fine too.
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ใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใใ‚Œใ‚‚ๅ•้กŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
02:31
I'm going to his house.
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็งใฏๅฝผใฎๅฎถใซ่กŒใใพใ™ใ€‚
02:35
See, they all sound British, they're just different styles.
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ใปใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏใ™ในใฆ่‹ฑๅ›ฝใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆ ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ‚นใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒซใŒ็•ฐใชใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใ™.
02:38
Try different ways of saying it.
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ใ„ใ‚ใ„ใ‚ใช่จ€ใ„ๆ–นใ‚’ใ—ใฆใฟใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
02:40
See what feels comfortable to you.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใซใจใฃใฆๅฟƒๅœฐใ‚ˆใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
02:43
That is how you get natural sounding British pronunciation.
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ใ“ใ†ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ€่‡ช็„ถใช่‹ฑๅ›ฝใฎ็™บ้Ÿณใ‚’ๅพ—ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ ใ€‚
02:47
New sentence, new question.
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ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ๆ–‡ใ€ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„่ณชๅ•ใ€‚
02:49
Look at the H's.
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Hใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
02:51
Would you drop one, both or none?
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ใฉใกใ‚‰ใ‹ใ€ไธกๆ–นใ€ใพใŸใฏใพใฃใŸใใƒ‰ใƒญใƒƒใƒ—ใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‹?
02:54
Plan how you might want to say this.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่จ€ใ„ใŸใ„ใ‹ใ‚’่จˆ็”ปใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:57
Try a few different ways.
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ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎ็•ฐใชใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’่ฉฆใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
02:59
Now, depending on the time or depending on my mood,
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ใ•ใฆใ€ๆ™‚ใจ ๅ ดๅˆใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏๆฐ—ๅˆ†ใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆใ€
03:03
I might say this a few different ways.
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็งใฏใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎ็•ฐใชใ‚‹่จ€ใ„ๆ–นใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
03:05
Let me just try now. Okay, quickly.
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ไปŠใ™ใ่ฉฆใ—ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ‚ˆใ—ใ€ๆ—ฉใใ€‚
03:08
How much was your 'otel?
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฎใ‚ชใƒ†ใƒซใฏใ„ใใ‚‰ใงใ—ใŸใ‹๏ผŸ
03:09
If I say it slowly, how much was your hotel?
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ใ‚†ใฃใใ‚Š่จ€ใ†ใจใ€ ใ‚ใชใŸใฎใƒ›ใƒ†ใƒซใฏใ„ใใ‚‰ใงใ—ใŸใ‹ใ€‚
03:13
In two seconds, I pronounced that in two different ways.
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2 ็ง’้–“ใงใ€็งใฏ ใใ‚Œใ‚’ 2 ใคใฎ็•ฐใชใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใง็™บ้Ÿณใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
03:17
So, remember this isn't a fixed style.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒใฏๆฑบใพใฃใŸใ‚นใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒซใงใฏใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
03:20
Variety is the key word.
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ๅคšๆง˜ๆ€งใŒใ‚ญใƒผใƒฏใƒผใƒ‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
03:22
And knowing that you can be lazy with pronunciation,
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ใใ—ใฆใ€็™บ้ŸณใŒๆ€ ใ‘ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏ ใ€
03:27
that's key to sounding natural.
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่‡ช็„ถใซ่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใฎ้ตใงใ™.
03:29
Okay, now the L sound.
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ใ•ใฆใ€Lใฎ้Ÿณใงใ™ใ€‚
03:32
First, we need to talk about the position of your tongue.
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ใพใš ใ€่ˆŒใฎไฝ็ฝฎใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
03:38
Okay, say this word. Really.
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ใ‚ˆใ—ใ€ใ“ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’่จ€ใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ๆœฌๅฝ“ใ€‚
03:41
Say this word right now,
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ไปŠใ™ใใ“ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’่จ€ใฃใฆ
03:42
but feel where your tongue hits the top of your mouth,
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ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€L ใฎ้Ÿณใ‚’็™บ้Ÿณใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใ€่ˆŒใŒ ๅฃใฎไธŠ้ƒจใซๅฝ“ใŸใ‚‹ๅ ดๆ‰€ใ€
03:48
where exactly on your tongue, hits where exactly here,
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่ˆŒใฎๆญฃ็ขบใช ๅ ดๆ‰€ใ€ๆญฃ็ขบใซใ“ใ“ใซๅฝ“ใŸใ‚‹ๅ ดๆ‰€ใ‚’ๆ„Ÿใ˜ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
03:53
when you pronounce the L sound.
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ใ€‚
03:57
If you're German or Austrian,
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใƒ‰ใ‚คใƒ„ไบบใ‹ใ‚ชใƒผใ‚นใƒˆใƒชใ‚ขไบบ
03:59
you probably pronounced it, apple, apple,
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ใชใ‚‰ใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใใƒชใƒณใ‚ดใ€ใƒชใƒณใ‚ดใจ็™บ้Ÿณใ—
04:02
and the way you would make your L sound
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ใพใ™.Lใฎ้Ÿณใ‚’ไฝœใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•
04:05
is that the tip of your tongue, the very top of it,
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ใฏใ€่ˆŒใฎๅ…ˆ็ซฏใ€ใคใพใ‚Š ่ˆŒใฎไธ€็•ชไธŠใŒ
04:08
would hit just here in the mouth.
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ๅฃใฎไธญใงใกใ‚‡ใ†ใฉใ“ใ“ใซๅฝ“ใŸใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™.
04:11
This is called the alveolar ridge at the top of your mouth,
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ
04:15
just behind the top teeth.
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ใ€ไธŠใฎๆญฏใฎใ™ใๅพŒใ‚ใ€ๅฃใฎไธŠ้ƒจใซใ‚ใ‚‹ๆญฏๆงฝๅ คใจๅ‘ผใฐใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
04:18
In some other languages like Korean,
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้Ÿ“ๅ›ฝ่ชžใชใฉใฎไป–ใฎ่จ€่ชž
04:20
maybe you'll use this part of the tongue
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ใงใฏใ€่ˆŒใฎใ“ใฎ้ƒจๅˆ†ใ‚’ๅฃใฎใ“ใฎ้ƒจๅˆ†ใงไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
04:24
on this part of the mouth.
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ใ€‚
04:26
That's called the palette. Again, alveolar Ridge, pallet.
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ใ„ใ‚ใ‚†ใ‚‹ใƒ‘ใƒฌใƒƒใƒˆใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅ†ใณใ€ๆญฏๆงฝๅ คใ€ใƒ‘ใƒฌใƒƒใƒˆใ€‚
04:30
You don't need to remember those names
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅๅ‰ใ‚’่ฆšใˆใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
04:32
and some languages find it very difficult to pronounce
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่จ€่ชž
04:37
and distinguish between the L and R sounds.
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ใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆ ใฏใ€L ใจ R ใฎ้Ÿณใ‚’็™บ้Ÿณใ—ใฆๅŒบๅˆฅใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒ้žๅธธใซ้›ฃใ—ใ„ๅ ดๅˆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ L
04:41
And if you need help pronouncing
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ใจ R ใฎ็™บ้Ÿณใ‚„ๅŒบๅˆฅใซๅŠฉใ‘ใŒๅฟ…่ฆใชๅ ดๅˆใฏ
04:43
or distinguishing between the L and R,
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ใ€
04:46
definitely watch this video before you continue.
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ๅ…ˆใซ้€ฒใ‚€ๅ‰ใซๅฟ…ใšใ“ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ใ”่ฆงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
04:50
Also, when students ask me,
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ใพใŸใ€ๅญฆ็”ŸใŒ็งใซๅฐ‹ใญใ‚‹ใจใ
04:52
is it obvious that English isn't my first language?
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ใ€่‹ฑ่ชž ใŒๆฏๅ›ฝ่ชžใงใฏใชใ„ใ“ใจใฏๆ˜Žใ‚‰ใ‹ใงใ™ใ‹?
04:55
Well, the L sound is one of those sounds
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ใ•ใฆใ€Lใฎ้Ÿณใฏใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆ˜Ž็™ฝใซใ™ใ‚‹้Ÿณใฎ1ใคใงใ™
04:59
that makes it obvious.
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ใ€‚
05:01
Now, that is not a bad thing at all,
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ใ“ใ‚ŒใฏใพใฃใŸใๆ‚ชใ„ใ“ใจใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ๅฎŒๅ…จใซ่‹ฑๅ›ฝๅผใฎ็™บ้Ÿณ
05:03
but I understand that some people prefer
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ใ‚’ๅฅฝใ‚€ไบบใŒใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏ็†่งฃใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใใ‚Œใฏ
05:06
to have fully British pronunciation and that's fine.
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ๅ•้กŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
05:09
So, how do we do that?
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ใงใฏใ€ใฉใ†ใ™ใ‚Œใฐใ‚ˆใ„ใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€‚
05:13
It's all about where you put your tongue.
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่ˆŒใ‚’ใฉใ“ใซ็ฝฎใใ‹ใŒใ™ในใฆใงใ™ใ€‚
05:15
And this is what teachers mean
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ใใ—ใฆใ“ใ‚ŒใŒใ€ๆ•™ๅธซใŒ
05:18
when they talk about dark and light L's.
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ใƒ€ใƒผใ‚ฏ L ใจใƒฉใ‚คใƒˆ L ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใจใใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚
05:21
The light L is basically how I modeled
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ใƒฉใ‚คใƒˆ L ใฏๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใซ
05:25
the German pronunciation of apple, apple.
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ใ€ใƒ‰ใ‚คใƒ„่ชžใฎใƒชใƒณใ‚ดใฎ็™บ้Ÿณใ‚’ใƒขใƒ‡ใƒซๅŒ–ใ—ใŸใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
05:29
Remember, I told you the tip of the tongue
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่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€่ˆŒใฎๅ…ˆใŒ
05:32
is gonna hit that alveolar ridge
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05:34
just behind your top teeth.
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ไธŠใฎๆญฏใฎใ™ใๅพŒใ‚ใฎๆญฏๆงฝๅ คใซๅฝ“ใŸใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใฃใŸใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ€ใ„ๅ‡บใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
05:36
This L, the light L, is for L's at the beginning of words
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ใ“ใฎLใ€ๅ…‰ใฎ Lใฏใ€่ชž้ ญใฎLใ€
05:42
or when there is a vowel sound just after the L.
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ใพใŸใฏ Lใฎ็›ดๅพŒใซๆฏ้ŸณใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใใฎL
05:46
Okay, but what does that mean?
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ใงใ™ใ€‚
05:48
All right, let's look at the word, lolly.
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ใ‚ˆใ—ใ€ๅ˜่ชžใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€ใƒญใƒชใƒผใ€‚
05:51
Both this L and this L are light L's. Why?
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ใ“ใฎLใ‚‚ใ“ใฎLใ‚‚ใƒฉใ‚คใƒˆLใงใ™ใ€‚ ใชใ‚“ใง๏ผŸ
05:56
Because it begins with an L sound
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Lใฎ้Ÿณใงๅง‹ใพใ‚Š
05:58
and this L has a vowel sound after.
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ใ€ใ“ใฎLใฎๅพŒใซๆฏ้ŸณใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
06:02
So, they will both come from the same tongue position,
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏไธกๆ–นใจใ‚‚ ๅŒใ˜่ˆŒใฎไฝ็ฝฎใ‹ใ‚‰ๆฅ
06:05
hitting the same spot in the mouth.
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ใฆใ€ๅฃใฎๅŒใ˜ๅ ดๆ‰€ใซๅฝ“ใŸใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
06:08
La, la, lolly, lolly. Say it with me, lolly.
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ใƒฉใ€ใƒฉใ€ใƒญใƒชใ€ใƒญใƒชใ€‚ ็งใจไธ€็ท’ใซ่จ€ใฃใฆใญใ€ใƒญใƒชใ€‚
06:14
But with dark L's, the tongue position changes slightly.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๆš—ใ„Lใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€่ˆŒใฎ ไฝ็ฝฎใŒใ‚ใšใ‹ใซๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ—ใพใ™.
06:19
Very, very small difference, but very noticeable.
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้žๅธธใซๅฐใ•ใช้•ใ„ใงใ™ ใŒใ€้žๅธธใซ้ก•่‘—ใงใ™ใ€‚
06:24
With the dark L,
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ๆฟƒใ„Lใฎๅ ดๅˆ
06:25
the tongue will hit more against the back of the top teeth,
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ใ€่ˆŒใฏ ไธŠใฎๆญฏใฎ่ฃๅดใ€ใ•ใ‚‰ใซใฏไธŠใฎๆญฏใฎ
06:30
or even just under the top teeth, just here.
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ใ™ใไธ‹ใ€ ใ“ใ“ใ ใ‘ใซๅฝ“ใŸใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
06:35
This will depend, of course, on your mouth, teeth,
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œ ใฏๅฃใ€ๆญฏ
06:39
and tongue size and shape.
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ใ€่ˆŒใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใ‚บใจๅฝข็Šถใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆ็•ฐใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
06:42
Of course, everyone is different,
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ไบบใใ‚Œใžใ‚Œ้•ใ†
06:45
so I can't tell you exactly
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ใฎใงใ€ใฉใ“ใซ่ˆŒใ‚’ๅ…ฅใ‚Œใ‚Œใฐใ„ใ„ใฎใ‹ใ€ไธ€ๆฆ‚ใซใฏ่จ€ใˆใพใ›ใ‚“
06:47
where you should put your tongue.
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ใ€‚
06:49
For example, if I used the dark L with the word lolly,
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ lolly ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใงๆš—ใ„ L ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใŸๅ ดๅˆใ€
06:56
remember they should both be light L's,
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ใฉใกใ‚‰ใ‚‚ๆ˜Žใ‚‹ใ„ L ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
06:58
but if I said them in the dark L way,
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07:01
it would sound like this, lelly.
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ใ€‚
07:05
Sounds weird, right? Sounds wrong.
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ๅฅ‡ๅฆ™ใซ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ ้–“้•ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
07:07
And it's all because the tongue is in the wrong place.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใ™ในใฆใ€ ่ˆŒใŒ้–“้•ใฃใŸๅ ดๆ‰€ใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใงใ™.
07:11
All right, so when do we use the dark L?
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ใ‚ˆใ—ใ€ใƒ€ใƒผใ‚ฏLใฏใ„ใคไฝฟใ†๏ผŸ
07:16
We use the dark L when a word finishes in an L sound
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ๅ˜่ชžใŒ L ้Ÿณใง็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚‹
07:20
or if there's a consonant sound just after the L.
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ๅ ดๅˆใ€ใพใŸใฏ L ใฎ็›ดๅพŒใซๅญ้ŸณใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ๆš—ใ„ L ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:24
For example, words like hole.
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€hole ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชๅ˜่ชžใงใ™ใ€‚
07:27
Again, notice that my tongue is just, in my case,
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็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใพใ™ใŒ ใ€็งใฎ่ˆŒใฏ
07:31
it's just under the top teeth.
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ไธŠใฎๆญฏใฎใ™ใไธ‹ใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
07:34
It's just there, hole.
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ใใ‚Œใฏใกใ‚‡ใ†ใฉใใ“ใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€็ฉดใ€‚
07:36
If I said this with a light L,
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่ปฝใ„Lใง
07:39
it would sound like hole, hole, hole.
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่จ€ใ†ใจใ€็ฉดใ€็ฉดใ€็ฉดใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
07:44
And it sounds different, right?
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ้•ใ†ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ
07:45
You can hear the difference.
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้•ใ„ใ‚’่žใใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
07:47
So, that's when you use a dark L.
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ใใ†ใ„ใ†ๆ™‚ใฏใƒ€ใƒผใ‚ฏLใ‚’ไฝฟใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:49
Another word could be helmet. Helmet.
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ๅˆฅใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใฏใƒ˜ใƒซใƒกใƒƒใƒˆใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใƒ˜ใƒซใƒกใƒƒใƒˆใ€‚
07:55
There's a consonant sound after the L,
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LใฎๅพŒใซๅญ้ŸณใŒๅ…ฅใ‚‹
07:57
so helmet, helmet.
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ใฎใงใ€ใƒ˜ใƒซใƒกใƒƒใƒˆใ€ใƒ˜ใƒซใƒกใƒƒใƒˆใ€‚
08:00
If you ever wanted to say the word lull out loud,
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ใ€Œlullใ€ ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ๅคงๅฃฐใง
08:04
you would begin with a light L, finish with a dark L.
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่จ€ใ„ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ๆ˜Žใ‚‹ใ„ L ใงๅง‹ใ‚ใฆใ€ๆš—ใ„ L ใง็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
08:09
Your tongue would start hitting the alveolar ridge
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่ˆŒใŒ ๆญฏๆงฝๅ คใซๅฝ“ใŸใ‚Šๅง‹ใ‚
08:13
and at the end of the word, come here for the dark L.
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ใ€่จ€่‘‰ใฎ็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใซใ€ ใ“ใ“ใซๆฅใฆๆš—ใ„ L ใ‚’
08:17
Sounds like this lull, lull.
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็™บ้Ÿณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฝใก็€ใ„ใฆใ€่ฝใก็€ใ„ใฆใ€‚
08:21
So, my tongue started here, back at the alveolar ridge,
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€็งใฎ่ˆŒใฏใ“ใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ๅง‹ใพใ‚Š ใ€ๆญฏๆงฝๅ คใซๆˆปใ‚Š
08:25
and then came here to finish the word.
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ใ€ใ“ใ“ใซๆฅใฆๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ๅฎŒๆˆใ•ใ›ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
08:27
Okay, how about this word?
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใฏใฉใ†ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
08:31
They're both lights L's because this L begins the word,
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ใ“ใฎ L ใฏๅ˜่ชžใฎๅง‹ใพใ‚Šใงใ™
08:36
but this L has a vowel sound after.
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ใŒใ€ใ“ใฎ L ใฎๅพŒใซๆฏ้ŸณใŒ็ถšใใŸใ‚ใ€ใฉใกใ‚‰ใ‚‚ใƒฉใ‚คใƒˆ L ใงใ™ใ€‚
08:39
Lonely. Practice with me, lonely.
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ใ•ใฟใ—ใ„ใ€‚ ็งใจไธ€็ท’ใซใ€ๅญค็‹ฌใซ็ทด็ฟ’ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
08:45
(hands clap) Well done.
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๏ผˆๆ‹ๆ‰‹๏ผ‰ใ‚ˆใใ‚„ใฃใŸใ€‚
08:47
Now, remember when I asked you to pronounce this word.
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ใ•ใฆใ€็งใŒใ‚ใชใŸใซใ“ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’็™บ้Ÿณใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ้ ผใ‚“ใ ใจใใฎใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ€ใ„ๅ‡บใ—ใฆ ใใ ใ•ใ„.
08:51
Germans, I'm specifically talking to you now.
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ใƒ‰ใ‚คใƒ„ไบบใ€็งใฏ ไปŠใ‚ใชใŸใซๅ…ทไฝ“็š„ใซ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:55
Now you know that that L should be a dark L,
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ใ“ใ‚Œใงใ€ L ใฏๆš—ใ„ L ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ในใใ ใจใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ
08:59
so it's not apple, it's apple, apple.
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ใฎใงใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใƒชใƒณใ‚ดใงใฏใชใใ€ใƒชใƒณใ‚ดใ€ใƒชใƒณใ‚ดใงใ™ใ€‚
09:03
You can hear the difference, right?
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้•ใ„ใŒ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ
09:05
Just change the light L to a dark L. Boom.
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ใƒฉใ‚คใƒˆ L ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒผใ‚ฏ L ใซๅค‰ๆ›ดใ™ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚
09:11
But then, of course, British is weird
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นใฏๅฅ‡ๅฆ™
09:14
and we do this other thing.
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ใงใ€็งใŸใกใฏๅˆฅใฎใ“ใจใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:16
Sometimes, we change the dark L for a wuh sound.
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ๆ™‚ใ€…ใ€ ๆš—ใ„ L ใ‚’ wuh ใ‚ตใ‚ฆใƒณใƒ‰ใซๅค‰ๆ›ดใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:22
Brazilians, you'll find this very easy
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ใƒ–ใƒฉใ‚ธใƒซไบบใฏใ€
09:25
because it's just the L sound, like the word for I, L,
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Iใ€Lใ€ใŠใ‚ˆใณใƒใƒผใƒฉใƒณใƒ‰่ชžใฎๅ˜่ชžใจๅŒๆง˜ใซใ€L ใฎ้Ÿณใ ใ‘ใชใฎใงใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้žๅธธใซ็ฐกๅ˜ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Š
09:29
and Polish, as well.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:31
I think you have this sound.
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็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ“ใฎ้Ÿณใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚ŒใŒไฝ•ใงใ‚ใ‚Œใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ
09:32
I think it's like L with the line through it,
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Lใซ็ทšใŒๅ…ฅใฃใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™
09:36
whatever that is.
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ใ€‚
09:37
It's that sound. So, to practice, the word, hell.
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ใ‚ใฎ้Ÿณใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ ็ทด็ฟ’ใ™ใ‚‹ใซใฏใ€่จ€่‘‰ใ€ๅœฐ็„ใ€‚
09:42
Yes, you could drop the H. That's fine.
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ใฏใ„ใ€H ใ‚’ๅ‰Š้™คใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ใใ‚Œใงๅ•้กŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
09:45
That's an option but we're talking about the L here
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ชใƒ—ใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใงใ™ใŒ ใ€ใ“ใ“ใงใฏ L ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:49
and because it's a dark L, we can change it for a wuh sound.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๆš—ใ„ L ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€wuh ใ‚ตใ‚ฆใƒณใƒ‰ใซๅค‰ๆ›ดใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
09:53
It could sound like hew or with the dropped H, ew.
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Hew ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ ใ‹ใ€H ใŒใƒ‰ใƒญใƒƒใƒ—ใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
09:58
So, if you're the devil (laughs evilly)
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆ‚ช้ญ”ใชใ‚‰๏ผˆๆ‚ชใใ†ใซ็ฌ‘ใ†๏ผ‰
10:01
welcome to ew, mate.
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ใ‚ˆใ†ใ“ใใ€ใˆใƒผใ€็›ธๆฃ’ใ€‚
10:03
But here's the thing,
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—
10:04
if after the L, there's a vowel sound,
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ใ€L ใฎๅพŒใซๆฏ้ŸณใŒใ‚ใ‚Œใฐ
10:08
now it's no longer a dark L.
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ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚‚ใฏใ‚„ๆš—ใ„ L ใงใฏใชใใ€ๆ˜Žใ‚‹ใ„ L
10:10
Now it's a light L.
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10:11
So hew, that's fine, but hewo, no.
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ใงใ™ใ€‚
10:18
No because now there's a vowel sound after,
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ใ„ใ„ใˆ ใ€ๆฏ้ŸณใŒๅพŒใซใ‚ใ‚‹
10:21
so hello, not hewo.
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ใฎใงใ€ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€hewo ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
10:24
That would sound siwwy.
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ใใ‚Œใฏๆ„šใ‹ใซ่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
10:26
I'm kidding. It would sound silly.
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ๅ†—่ซ‡ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใฐใ‹ใ’ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
10:29
So again, going back to this word,
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็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใฎๅ˜่ชžใซๆˆปใ‚‹
10:31
you could pronounce it apple, apple.
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ใจใ€ใƒชใƒณใ‚ดใ€ใƒชใƒณใ‚ดใจ็™บ้Ÿณใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
10:36
Say it with me, apple.
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็งใจไธ€็ท’ใซ่จ€ใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€ใƒชใƒณใ‚ดใ€‚
10:41
(hands clap) Well done. Brilliant, you're amazing.
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๏ผˆๆ‹ๆ‰‹๏ผ‰ใ‚ˆใใ‚„ใฃใŸใ€‚ ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
10:45
Okay, now, using everything you've learned in today's lesson
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ใ•ใฆ ใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณ
10:48
and everything you learned in Unit One about the glottal T,
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ใงๅญฆใ‚“ใ ใ“ใจใ™ในใฆใจ ใ€ๅฃฐ้–€ T ใซใคใ„ใฆใƒฆใƒ‹ใƒƒใƒˆ 1 ใงๅญฆใ‚“ใ 
10:54
let's practice everything with these three sentences.
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ใ“ใจใ™ในใฆใ‚’ ไฝฟใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ 3 ใคใฎๆ–‡ใงใ™ในใฆใ‚’็ทด็ฟ’ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
10:59
Look at the sounds.
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้Ÿณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰
11:00
Look at the different ways that you could pronounce these,
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ใฎใ•ใพใ–ใพใช็™บ้Ÿณๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
11:04
using glottal T's, dropped H's, L's for wu sounds.
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ๅฃฐ้–€ใฎ T ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ€H ใ‚’ใƒ‰ใƒญใƒƒใƒ—ใ— ใ€L ใ‚’ wu ้Ÿณใซไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
11:09
So many options.
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้žๅธธใซๅคšใใฎใ‚ชใƒ—ใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใ€‚
11:12
Whatever feels comfortable for you to say
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ไฝ•ใ‚’่จ€ใฃใฆ
11:14
will sound natural.
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ใ‚‚่‡ช็„ถใซ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
11:16
That's the goal. Let me just give you an example.
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ใใ‚ŒใŒ็›ฎๆจ™ใงใ™ใ€‚ ไพ‹ใ‚’ๆŒ™ใ’ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
11:20
So we've got 'ello mate. What's 'is name?
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰็งใŸใกใฏใ€Œใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏไปฒ้–“ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅๅ‰ใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
11:22
Is it Hector?
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ใƒ˜ใ‚ฏใ‚ฟใƒผใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
11:24
So, notice I didn't drop every H.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ™ในใฆใฎ H ใ‚’่ฝใจใ—ใŸใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใชใ„ใ“ใจใซๆณจๆ„ใ—
11:26
I didn't use glottal T's everywhere.
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ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
11:28
Wait, did I?
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ๅพ…ใฃใฆใ€็งใฏ๏ผŸ
11:30
Okay, no, I used glottal teas everywhere,
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ใ‚ชใƒผใ‚ฑใƒผใ€ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใฉใ“ใงใ‚‚ๅฃฐ้–€่Œถใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ—ใŸ
11:32
but I didn't drop the H in Hector.
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ใŒใ€Hector ใงใฏ H ใ‚’ๅ‰Š้™คใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
11:36
You might pronounce it completely differently
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็™บ้ŸณใŒใพใฃใŸใ้•ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ใใ‚Œใง
11:38
and that will be fine.
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ๅ•้กŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
11:40
It will still sound British
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ใƒ–ใƒชใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒƒใ‚ทใƒฅใฎ
11:41
but it will sound natural for you.
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ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใซใจใฃใฆใฏ่‡ช็„ถใซ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
11:44
That's the important thing.
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ใใ‚ŒใŒ้‡่ฆใชใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
11:45
All right, second one.
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ใ‚ˆใ—ใ€2ใค็›ฎใ€‚
11:47
How much do you hate me? Is it a lot?
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ็งใ‚’ใฉใฎใใ‚‰ใ„ๅซŒใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ๅคšใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
11:50
You see, that time I used more H's than before
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ใปใ‚‰ใ€ใใฎๆ™‚ ใฏไปฅๅ‰ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚ๅคšใใฎ H ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ—ใŸใŒ
11:53
and that's fine.
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ใ€ใใ‚Œใงๅ•้กŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
11:55
Okay, next one.
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ใ‚ˆใ—ใ€ๆฌกใ ใ€‚
11:57
I 'ave to work at the hotel late today.
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏ้…ใใพใงใƒ›ใƒ†ใƒซใงไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ไบˆๅฎšใงใ™ใ€‚
11:59
Okay, that's interesting, yeah.
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ใชใ‚‹ใปใฉใ€่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„ใงใ™ใญใ€‚
12:01
I usually drop the H when it's I have to.
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็งใฏ้€šๅธธใ€ๅฟ…่ฆใชใจใใซ H ใ‚’ใƒ‰ใƒญใƒƒใƒ—ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
12:05
I 'ave to go. I 'ave to do a thing.
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่กŒใ‹ใชใใ‚ƒใ€‚ ็งใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
12:08
Not only I have to, but he has to, she has to, those too.
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็งใŒใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ ใ‘ใงใชใใ€ๅฝผใ‚‚ใใ†ใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ ใ€ๅฝผๅฅณใ‚‚ใใ†ใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„.
12:12
He 'as to, she 'as to.
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ๅฝผใ‚‚ใ€ๅฝผๅฅณใ‚‚ใ€‚
12:15
For me, it's very common,
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็งใซใจใฃใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ้žๅธธใซไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใงใ™
12:17
but again, this isn't about copying my style specifically.
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ใŒใ€็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ ็งใฎใ‚นใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒซใ‚’ๅ…ทไฝ“็š„ใซใ‚ณใƒ”ใƒผใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“.
12:20
This is about finding your own style.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎใ‚นใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒซใ‚’่ฆ‹ใคใ‘ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
12:23
So, practice. Try a few different ways.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็ทด็ฟ’ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎ็•ฐใชใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’่ฉฆใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
12:26
See what works for you
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ไฝ•ใŒใ†ใพใ
12:28
and also make sure you've downloaded my free ebook
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ใ„ใใ‹ใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ—ใ€papateachme.com ใ‹ใ‚‰็งใฎ็„กๆ–™ใฎ้›ปๅญใƒ–ใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚’ใƒ€ใ‚ฆใƒณใƒญใƒผใƒ‰ใ—ใŸใ“ใจใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
12:31
from papateachme.com.
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ใ€‚
12:32
You can get it today
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅ–ๅพ—ใงใใพใ™
12:34
and this will help you
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12:35
really understand this course much better,
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ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใซใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใฎใ‚ณใƒผใ‚นใ‚’ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚ˆใ็†่งฃใ—
12:38
track your progress,
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ใ€้€ฒๆ—็Šถๆณใ‚’่ฟฝ่ทกใ™ใ‚‹
12:40
and I can't think of a third thing.
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ใฎใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใกใพใ™ใ€‚
12:42
So, I'll see you in Unit Three next Saturday.
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ๆฅ้€ฑใฎๅœŸๆ›œๆ—ฅใซใƒฆใƒ‹ใƒƒใƒˆ 3 ใงใŠไผšใ„ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚
12:45
See you later.
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ใพใŸๅพŒใงใ€‚
12:46
(upbeat music)
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(ๆ˜Žใ‚‹ใ„้Ÿณๆฅฝ)
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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