Fix these 3 common pronunciation mistakes in English!

234,629 views ใƒป 2016-06-23

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ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:01
Hi. I'm Gill at www.engvid.com,
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ใ‚„ใ‚ใ€‚ ็งใฏ www.engvid.com ใฎ Gill
00:04
and today we're having a lesson on confusing pronunciations and spellings.
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ใงใ™ใ€‚ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏ็™บ้Ÿณใจใ‚นใƒšใƒซใฎๆททไนฑใซใคใ„ใฆใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ใฆ ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:13
Okay? I've got three main examples for you of confusion, because sometimes they...
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ๆททไนฑใฎไธปใชไพ‹ใ‚’ 3 ใค็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚ใชใœใชใ‚‰ใ€
00:20
They're spelt in the same way, but they are pronounced differently. Okay. So, let's start.
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ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏ... ๅŒใ˜ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ็ถดใ‚‰ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€ ็™บ้ŸณใŒ็•ฐใชใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใฏๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
00:30
So, the first one is this word "bow", which can be pronounced in two different ways. Okay?
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ๆœ€ๅˆใฎๅ˜่ชžใฏใ€Œbowใ€ใงใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใซใฏ 2 ใคใฎ็•ฐใชใ‚‹็™บ้Ÿณๆ–นๆณ•ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
00:40
If it's this, it's a bow. Either a bowtie or a bow,
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ใ“ใ‚Œใชใ‚‰ๅผ“ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใƒœใ‚ฆใ‚ฟใ‚คใพใŸใฏ
00:47
a ribbon with a bow in your hair.
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ใƒœใ‚ฆใ‚ฟใ‚คใ€้ซชใซใƒœใ‚ฆใŒไป˜ใ„ใŸใƒชใƒœใƒณใ€‚
00:50
Or if you tie your shoelaces in a bow. Okay? So that's a bow.
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ใพใŸใฏใ€้ดใฒใ‚‚ใ‚’ๅผ“ใง็ตใถๅ ดๅˆใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใใ‚Œใงๅผ“ใงใ™ใ€‚
01:00
So, for example, you can say: "She has a bow in her hair."
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ ใ€Œๅฝผๅฅณใฏ้ซชใซๅผ“ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
01:05
And it's this... This sort of shape. Maybe a ribbon
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ใงใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒใƒปใƒปใƒปใ“ใ‚“ใชๅฝขใ€‚ ใŸใถใ‚“ใ€
01:09
tied into a bow. Or:
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ๅผ“ใซ็ตใฐใ‚ŒใŸใƒชใƒœใƒณใ€‚ ใพใŸใฏ๏ผš
01:12
"He is wearing a bowtie." So, instead of a long tie, a bowtie like that.
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ใ€Œๅฝผใฏใƒœใ‚ฆใ‚ฟใ‚คใ‚’็€ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ ใ€้•ทใ„ใƒใ‚ฏใ‚ฟใ‚คใฎไปฃใ‚ใ‚Šใซใ€ใใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใƒœใ‚ฆใ‚ฟใ‚ค.
01:22
Okay? So that's "bow". So that's pronounced like "oh", "bow".
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใใ‚ŒใŒใ€Œๅผ“ใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ ใ€Œใ‚ชใƒผใ€ใ€ใ€Œใƒœใ‚ฆใ€ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ็™บ้Ÿณใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
01:31
Okay? But then there's another
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€
01:34
kind of word spelt the same but pronounced differently: "bow". Okay? So, it's like this
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็ถดใ‚ŠใฏๅŒใ˜ใงใ‚‚็™บ้ŸณใŒ็•ฐใชใ‚‹ๅˆฅใฎ็จฎ้กžใฎๅ˜่ชžใŒใ‚ใ‚Š ใพใ™ใ€‚ใใ‚Œใฏใ€Œbowใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
01:42
here, if you do this. Usually men bow. Women curtsy. If this is when you meet the Queen,
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ใงใ€ใ“ใ†ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ“ใ†ใชใ‚‹ใ€‚ ้€šๅธธใ€็”ทๆ€งใฏใŠ่พžๅ„€ใ‚’ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฅณๆ€งใฏ ใŠ่พžๅ„€ใ‚’ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒๅฅณ็Ž‹ใซไผšใ†ใจใใชใ‚‰ใ€
01:50
men bow, women curtsy. So, men do this, bending.
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็”ทๆ€งใฏใŠ่พžๅ„€ใ‚’ใ—ใ€ๅฅณๆ€งใฏใŠ่พžๅ„€ใ‚’ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ ็”ทๆ€งใฏใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ๆ›ฒใ’ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:58
"Men often bow when they meet the Queen."
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ใ€Œๅฅณ็Ž‹ใซไผšใ†ใจใใ€็”ทๆ€งใฏใ‚ˆใใŠ่พžๅ„€ใ‚’ใ— ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€
02:03
So, this one is like "ow", if that helps. "Ow".
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€Œใ†ใ‚ใƒผใ€ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ ใ€‚ ใ€Œใ†ใ‚ใƒผใ€ใ€‚
02:09
So: "bow", "bow", and they're spelt
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ€Œbowใ€ใ€ใ€Œbowใ€ใ€ ใใ—ใฆใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏ
02:13
exactly the same. So, you can only tell... If you're reading it, you can only tell from
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ใพใฃใŸใๅŒใ˜ใ‚นใƒšใƒซใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ ใใ‚Œใ‚’่ชญใ‚€ใ“ใจใ—ใ‹ใงใใพใ›ใ‚“... ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใใ‚Œใ‚’่ชญใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใชใ‚‰ใ€
02:19
the context which one it is. If someone is speaking, you can tell from the pronunciation.
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ใใ‚ŒใŒใฉใ‚Œใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฏๆ–‡่„ˆใ‹ใ‚‰ใ—ใ‹ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“. ่ชฐใ‹ ใŒ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€็™บ้Ÿณใ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
02:27
Okay. Bow, bow.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใŠ่พžๅ„€ใ€ใŠ่พžๅ„€ใ€‚
02:31
Right, so moving on to the second example, completely different, but there's one little
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ใงใฏใ€ใพใฃใŸใ็•ฐใชใ‚‹ 2 ็•ช็›ฎใฎไพ‹ใซ็งปใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใซใฏ ๅฐ‘ใ—
02:36
confusion with this one. Words that end "atch". Okay? So, usually it's just one letter in
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ๆททไนฑใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œใ‚ขใƒƒใƒใ€ใง็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚‹่จ€่‘‰ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€้€šๅธธ
02:46
front of "atch". So, we'll have words like: "batch", "catch", "hatch", "latch", "match",
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ใฏใ€Œatchใ€ใฎๅ‰ใซ 1 ๆ–‡ๅญ—ใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ ใ€Œใƒใƒƒใƒใ€ใ€ใ€Œใ‚ญใƒฃใƒƒใƒใ€ใ€ใ€Œใƒใƒƒใƒใ€ใ€ใ€Œใƒฉใƒƒใƒใ€ใ€ใ€Œไธ€่‡ดใ€ใ€
02:57
"patch". You may not know the meaning of those; I'll tell you in a second. But they all have
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ใ€Œใƒ‘ใƒƒใƒใ€ใชใฉใฎๅ˜่ชžใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ™ใใซ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏใ™ในใฆใ€ใ€Œใ‚Šใ‚“ใ”ใ€ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ
03:03
this short "ah" sound, like with "apple". Okay?
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ใ€ใ“ใฎ็Ÿญใ„ใ€Œใ‚ใ€ใฎ้Ÿณใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
03:10
When you say: "Apple", "ah" like that.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่จ€ใ†ใจใ๏ผšใ€Œใ‚ขใƒƒใƒ—ใƒซใ€ใ€ ใ€Œใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€‚
03:13
"Batch", "catch", "hatch", "latch", "match", "patch".
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ใ€Œใƒใƒƒใƒใ€ใ€ใ€Œใ‚ญใƒฃใƒƒใƒใ€ใ€ใ€Œใƒใƒƒใƒใ€ใ€ ใ€Œใƒฉใƒƒใƒใ€ใ€ใ€Œใƒžใƒƒใƒใ€ใ€ใ€Œใƒ‘ใƒƒใƒใ€ใ€‚
03:19
But this with the time on it is a
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ใงใ‚‚ใ€ ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒๆ™‚้–“ใฎใคใ„ใŸ
03:26
"watch". So it's not a watch; it's a watch, so it's short "o" sound, "aw", as in "orange".
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ใ€Œๆ™‚่จˆใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๆ™‚่จˆใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ๆ™‚่จˆใชใฎใง ใ€ใ€Œใ‚ชใƒฌใƒณใ‚ธใ€ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ็Ÿญใ„ใ€Œoใ€ใฎ้Ÿณใ€ใ€Œawใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
03:34
So it's apples and oranges, really.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซใƒชใƒณใ‚ดใจ ใ‚ชใƒฌใƒณใ‚ธใงใ™ใ€‚
03:40
So, "ah" and "aw", so a watch. I realized this when
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ€Œใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใจใ€Œใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ๆ™‚่จˆใงใ™ใ€‚
03:45
a student of mine who is in Russia said: "Catch", and I thought: "Catch and..." When she typed it,
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ใƒญใ‚ทใ‚ขใซใ„ใ‚‹็งใฎๅญฆ็”ŸใŒ ใ€Œใ‚ญใƒฃใƒƒใƒใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใŸใจใ
03:57
wrote it via Skype, I saw it was "catch", so I realized then: Ah, she was thinking of
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ใ€็งใฏ ใ“ใ‚Œใซๆฐ—ใฅใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰๏ผšใ‚ใ‚ใ€ๅฝผๅฅณใฏ
04:04
"watch", and saying "catch". But it's wrong.
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ใ€Œ่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ€ใ“ใจใ‚’่€ƒใˆใฆใ„ใฆใ€ใ€Œใ‚ญใƒฃใƒƒใƒใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ้–“้•ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:08
It's "catch". So "watch" is the only one I can think of that has the short "o" sound.
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ใ€Œใ‚ญใƒฃใƒƒใƒใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Š ใ€็Ÿญใ„ใ€Œoใ€ใฎ้Ÿณใ‚’ๆŒใคใฎใฏใ€Œwatchใ€ใ ใ‘ใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:15
Okay, so we know what a "watch" is.
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ใ•ใฆใ€็งใŸใก ใฏใ€Œๆ™‚่จˆใ€ใŒไฝ•ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:18
A "batch", if you don't know what a batch is, it's like a set of things, like bread...
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ใ€Œใƒใƒƒใƒใ€ใ€ใƒใƒƒใƒใŒไฝ•ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใ€ ใใ‚Œใฏใƒ‘ใƒณใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใฎใ‚ปใƒƒใƒˆใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™...
04:24
Bread rolls in a batch, a batch of six or a batch of 12 rolls of bread. A batch that
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04:32
go into the oven to be baked all together. That's a batch. "To catch", if someone throws
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ใ‚ชใƒผใƒ–ใƒณใซๅ…ฅใ‚Œใฆใพใจใ‚ใฆ็„ผใใƒใƒƒใƒใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏใƒใƒƒใƒใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œใ‚ญใƒฃใƒƒใƒใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใจใฏใ€่ชฐใ‹ใŒ
04:38
a ball to you, you try to catch it. Oh.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใซใƒœใƒผใƒซใ‚’ๆŠ•ใ’ใฆใใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚Œ ใ‚’ใ‚ญใƒฃใƒƒใƒใ—ใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ใŠใƒผใ€‚
04:44
"Hatch", if there's an egg and the bird is sitting
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ใ€ŒๅญตๅŒ–ใ€ใ€ๅตใŒ ใ‚ใ‚Šใ€้ณฅใŒ
04:48
on the egg, keeping it nice and warm, and then one day the shell starts to break and
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ๅตใฎไธŠใซๅบงใฃใฆๆš–ใ‹ใไฟใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ ใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹ๆ—ฅใ€ๆฎปใŒๅฃŠใ‚Œๅง‹ใ‚
04:58
a little beak comes out, and the little bird... Little baby bird is hatching. That's "to hatch",
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ใ€ๅฐใ•ใชใใกใฐใ—ใŒๅ‡บใฆใใฆใ€ๅฐใ•ใช้ณฅใŒ... ๅญตๅŒ–ใ€‚ ใใ‚ŒใŒใ€ŒๅญตๅŒ–ใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใง
05:07
when the egg breaks and the little baby bird comes out. That's "to hatch".
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ใ€ๅตใŒๅ‰ฒใ‚Œใฆ ใฒใช้ณฅใŒๅ‡บใฆใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚ŒใŒใ€ŒๅญตๅŒ–ใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
05:15
A "latch" is on a door to close the door.
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ใƒ‰ใ‚ขใ‚’้–‰ใ‚ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใฎใ€Œใƒฉใƒƒใƒใ€ใŒใƒ‰ใ‚ขใซไป˜ใ„ใฆใ„ ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:19
And sometimes it's just something that goes over, and it
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ใใ—ใฆๆ™‚ใ€… ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ้ŽใŽๅŽปใฃใŸไฝ•ใ‹ใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใใ‚Œ
05:23
closes the door. That's the latch. Okay?
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ใฏใƒ‰ใ‚ขใ‚’้–‰ใ‚ใพใ™. ใใ‚ŒใŒใƒฉใƒƒใƒใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
05:27
A "match" is something you... If you're...
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ใ€Œใƒžใƒƒใƒใ€ใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™... ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ... ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ
05:30
Oh, hope you don't smoke cigarettes, but to light a cigarette,
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ใŸใฐใ“ใ‚’ๅธใ‚ใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’้ก˜ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใŒใ€ใŸใฐใ“ใซ็ซใ‚’ใคใ‘ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซ
05:35
people often use a match, a little wooden... It's got a red or brown
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ใ€ไบบใ€…ใฏใ‚ˆใใƒžใƒƒใƒใ‚’ไฝฟใ„ ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใฎไธŠใซ่Œถ่‰ฒ
05:42
tip on it, and a piece of wood, and you go like that with it, and you get a flame, and
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ใฎๅ…ˆ็ซฏใจๆœจ็‰‡ ใ‚’ไน—ใ›ใ‚‹ใจใ€็‚ŽใŒๅ‡บใฆ
05:49
you light the cigarette. Or you may be lighting a fire, you strike a match and you light the
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ใ€ใ‚ฟใƒใ‚ณใซ็ซใŒใคใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใพใŸใฏใ€็ซใ‚’ใคใ‘ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใƒžใƒƒใƒใ‚’ๆ“ฆใฃใฆใ€
05:55
fire with it. Okay? "Match". "Match" can also mean putting two things together that are
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ใใ‚Œใง็ซใ‚’ใคใ‘ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ "ใƒžใƒƒใƒ"ใ€‚ ใ€Œไธ€่‡ดใ€ ใฏใ€ๅŒใ˜ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ 2 ใคๅˆใ‚ใ›
06:03
the same, or colours that match. The purple and blue, maybe, you think:
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ใŸใ‚Šใ€่‰ฒใ‚’ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ดซใจ้’ใฏใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใใ€
06:12
"Oh, yes, purple and blue, they go together well. They match."
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ใ€Œใ‚ใ‚ใ€็ดซใจ้’ใ€ ใ‚ˆใไผผๅˆใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€‚ไผผๅˆใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ใจๆ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
06:16
So, two totally different meanings of "match".
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€2 ใคใฎใพใฃใŸใ็•ฐใชใ‚‹ ใ€Œไธ€่‡ดใ€ใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใ€‚
06:20
And "patch", if you have a hole in your elbow or your trousers, you put an extra piece of
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ใใ—ใฆใ€Œใƒ‘ใƒƒใƒใ€ใจใฏใ€่‚˜ใ‚„ใ‚บใƒœใƒณใซ็ฉดใŒ้–‹ใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ ๅ ดๅˆใซใ€ใใ“ใซไฝ™ๅˆ†ใช็ด ๆใ‚’ๅ…ฅใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใง
06:29
material on there to... To cover the whole, and that's a patch. Okay. Right, so that's
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ใ€ๅ…จไฝ“ใ‚’่ฆ†ใ†ใŸใ‚ใฎใ‚‚ใฎใง ใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒใƒ‘ใƒƒใƒใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€ใใ‚Œ
06:39
the meaning of all of those. So they're all "ah", short "a", as in "apple"; and the "watch",
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ใŒใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ™ในใฆใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ€Œใ‚Šใ‚“ใ”ใ€ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใ™ในใฆใ€Œใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใ€ ็Ÿญใ„ใ€Œaใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€Œๆ™‚่จˆใ€ใ€
06:45
short "o" as in "orange".
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ใ€Œใ‚ชใƒฌใƒณใ‚ธใ€ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ็Ÿญใ„ใ€Œoใ€ใ€‚
06:47
Okay, so moving on finally to our third example, which is words ending "ough". So, here, unfortunately
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ใงใฏใ€ๆœ€ๅพŒใซ 3 ็•ช็›ฎใฎไพ‹ใซ ้€ฒใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅ˜่ชžใฎๆœซๅฐพใŒใ€Œoughใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๆฎ‹ๅฟตใชใŒใ‚‰ใ€
07:02
we have three different pronunciations for this. Okay? But once you've learnt them,
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ใ“ใ‚Œใซใฏ 3 ใคใฎ็•ฐใชใ‚‹็™บ้ŸณใŒใ‚ใ‚Š ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ไธ€ๅบฆๅญฆใน
07:08
you should be fine. So: "cough" and "trough",
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ใฐๅคงไธˆๅคซใงใ™ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ ใ€Œๅ’ณใ€ใจใ€Œ่ฐทใ€ใ€
07:14
that's like the "off", "off" sound. So, "cough",
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ€Œใ‚ชใƒ•ใ€ใ€ใ€Œใ‚ชใƒ•ใ€ใฎ้Ÿณใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ€Œๅ’ณใ€ใ€
07:18
[coughs]
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[ๅ’ณ]
07:19
"cough", and a "trough" is something that a pig eats out of... A wooden, usually,
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ใ€Œๅ’ณใ€ใ€ใใ—ใฆใ€ŒใŸใ‚‰ใ„ใ€ใฏ ใ€่ฑšใŒ้ฃŸในใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™... ่ฑšใฎใŸใ‚ใซ้ฃŸใน็‰ฉใŒๅ…ฅใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ€้€šๅธธใฏๆœจ่ฃฝใฎใ€
07:27
or metal container that the food is put into for the pig, and the pig eats from the trough.
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ใพใŸใฏ้‡‘ๅฑž่ฃฝใฎๅฎนๅ™จ ใงใ€่ฑšใฏ ใƒˆใƒฉใƒ•ใ‹ใ‚‰้ฃŸในใพใ™ใ€‚
07:36
Okay, so: "cough", "trough", "off".
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ€Œๅ’ณใ€ใ€ ใ€Œใƒˆใƒฉใƒ•ใ€ใ€ใ€Œใ‚ชใƒ•ใ€ใ€‚
07:40
Then we have: "enough", "rough", and "tough", with the "uff" sound. Okay? So: "enough".
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ๆฌกใซใ€ใ€Œๅๅˆ†ใ€ใ€ใ€Œใƒฉใƒ•ใ€ใ€ใ€Œใ‚ฟใƒ•ใ€ ใ€ใ€Œใƒ•ใ€ใฎ้ŸณใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰๏ผšใ€Œๅๅˆ†ใ€ใ€‚
07:51
Have you had enough? I hope you haven't had enough yet, because I've still got a little
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ใ‚‚ใ†ๅๅˆ†ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ็งใฏใพใ ใ‚„ใ‚‹ในใใ“ใจใŒใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ—ใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ใพใ ๅๅˆ†ใซ้ฃŸในใฆใ„ใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’้ก˜ใฃ
07:56
bit more to do. Okay? "Enough". "Rough", "rough" is the opposite of smooth. If... Oh, this
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ใฆใ„ใพใ™. ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ "ๅๅˆ†"ใ€‚ ใ€Œใƒฉใƒ•ใ€ใ€ใ€Œใƒฉใƒ•ใ€ ใฏๆป‘ใ‚‰ใ‹ใฎๅๅฏพใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚‚ใ—โ€ฆใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใ“ใฎ
08:03
material is rough, but some other... Silk is very smooth. Other material can be rough.
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็ด ๆใฏใ–ใ‚‰ใ–ใ‚‰ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€ไป–ใฎ็ด ๆใฏโ€ฆใ‚ทใƒซใ‚ฏใฏ ใจใฆใ‚‚ๆป‘ใ‚‰ใ‹ใงใ™ใ€‚ ไป–ใฎ็ด ๆใฏ็ฒ—ใ„ๅ ดๅˆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
08:12
Okay? And "tough", that's someone who's very strong and tough, resilient. Tough person.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใใ—ใฆใ€Œใ‚ฟใƒ•ใ€ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ้žๅธธใซ ๅผทใใ€ใ‚ฟใƒ•ใงใ€ๅ›žๅพฉๅŠ›ใฎใ‚ใ‚‹ไบบใงใ™. ใ‚ฟใƒ•ใชไบบใ€‚
08:20
Okay. "Enough", "rough", "tough", "uff".
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใ€Œๅๅˆ†ใ€ใ€ใ€Œใƒฉใƒ•ใ€ใ€ ใ€Œใ‚ฟใƒ•ใ€ใ€ใ€Œใƒ•ใƒ•ใ€ใ€‚
08:24
And finally: "bough" and "plough" is the "ow" kind of sound, "ow".
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ใใ—ใฆๆœ€ๅพŒใซใ€ใ€Œboughใ€ใจใ€Œploughใ€ ใฏใ€Œowใ€ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใช้Ÿณใ€ใ€Œowใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
08:34
A "bough" is part of a tree. So,
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ใ€Œๆžใ€ใฏๆœจใฎไธ€้ƒจใงใ™ใ€‚
08:39
here's the tree,
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ใ“ใ“ใซๆœจใŒ
08:42
and these things that stick out are the boughs, boughs of the tree,
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ใ‚ใ‚Šใ€็ชใๅ‡บใฆใ„ใ‚‹ ใฎใฏๆžใ€ๆœจใฎๆžใ€
08:48
these things here. Okay, so that's "bough". A "plough" is used in farming in a field,
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ใ“ใ“ใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใ€Œๆžใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œ้‹คใ€ใฏใ€็•‘ใงใฎ่พฒไฝœๆฅญใงใ€ไฝœ็‰ฉ
08:55
to break up the ground for putting in seeds to grow crops. A "plough". So: "bough", "plough", "ow".
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ใ‚’่‚ฒใฆใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซ็จฎใ‚’ๅ…ฅใ‚Œใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซๅœฐ้ขใ‚’ๅฃŠใ™ใŸใ‚ใซไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œ ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œใƒ—ใƒฉใ‚ฆใ€ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ€Œboughใ€ใ€ใ€Œploughใ€ใ€ใ€Œowใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
09:05
And funnily enough, "bough", you probably noticed, is the same pronunciation but different
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ใŠใ‹ใ—ใชใ“ใจใซใ€ใ€Œboughใ€ใฏใŠใใ‚‰ใใŠๆฐ—ใฅใใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒใจๅŒใ˜็™บ้Ÿณใงใ™ใŒใ€็ถดใ‚ŠใŒ็•ฐใชใ‚Š
09:15
spelling as this one, this type of "bow", that sort of bow. So, we have come full circle
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใฎใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒ—ใฎใ€Œboughใ€ใ€ใใฎ ็จฎใฎๅผ“ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใ€็งใŸใกใฏ
09:25
to "bough", that kind of "bow".
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ใ€Œๆžใ€ใ€ใใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ€Œๅผ“ใ€ใซไธ€ๅ‘จใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
09:28
So, there we are. I hope that's been a helpful lesson for you.
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใใ“ใซใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œ ใŒใ‚ใชใŸใซใจใฃใฆๅฝน็ซ‹ใคๆ•™่จ“ใซใชใฃใŸใ“ใจใ‚’้ก˜ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:34
And if you'd like to go to the website, www.engvid.com,
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ใพใŸ ใ€ใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆ www.engvid.com ใซใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใ‚นใ—ใŸใ„
09:39
there is a quiz there which you can do to test yourself on
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ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใ“ใ‚Œ ใซใคใ„ใฆ่‡ชๅˆ†ใงใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ฏใ‚คใ‚บใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
09:44
this. And if you'd like to subscribe to my YouTube channel, I hope you will do that.
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ใ€‚ ใพใŸใ€็งใฎ YouTube ใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซใ‚’่ณผ่ชญใ— ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใใ†ใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใ‚Œใฐๅนธใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
09:51
And look forward to seeing you again soon. Okay.
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ใพใŸใŠไผšใ„ใงใใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆฅฝใ—ใฟใซใ—ใฆใŠใ‚Š ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
09:54
Thanks for listening. Bye.
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่žใ„ใฆใใ‚Œใฆใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ€‚ ใ•ใ‚ˆใชใ‚‰ใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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