Phrasal verb: doze off - Day 18 with JenniferESL

18,257 views ใƒป 2015-01-25

English with Jennifer


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:12
It's Day 18.
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18ๆ—ฅ็›ฎ
00:14
I hope your studies are going all right.
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ใงใ™ใ€‚ๅ‹‰ๅผทใŒ้ †่ชฟใซ้€ฒใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’้ก˜ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:17
I think you have to learn how much time is effective for you.
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่‡ชๅˆ†ใซใจใฃใฆใฉใ‚Œใ ใ‘ใฎๆ™‚้–“ใŒๅŠนๆžœ็š„ใ‹ใ‚’ๅญฆใถๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:22
Studying for one or two hours sounds impressive,
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1ใ€2 ๆ™‚้–“ๅ‹‰ๅผทใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใฏใ™ใ”ใ„ใ“ใจใฎใ‚ˆใ†
00:25
but truthfully, you might start to doze off after the first thirty minutes.
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ใซ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใŒใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏใ€ๆœ€ๅˆใฎ 30 ๅˆ†ใงๅฑ…็œ ใ‚Šใ‚’ๅง‹ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
00:31
That's why I suggest that you take 5-10 minutes a day.
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ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€1 ๆ—ฅ 5 ๏ฝž 10 ๅˆ†ใ‹ใ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ใŠๅ‹งใ‚ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:35
I know you can stay awake and focused for that long.
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็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒใใฎ้•ทใ„้–“่ตทใใฆใ„ใฆ้›†ไธญใงใใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™.
00:54
What does this phrasal verb mean?
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ใ“ใฎๅฅๅ‹•่ฉžใฏใฉใ†ใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ‹?
01:45
Now because it's intransitive,
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่‡ชๅ‹•่ฉžใชใฎใง
01:47
can you identify the stress pattern?
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ใ€ใ‚นใƒˆใƒฌใ‚นใฎใƒ‘ใ‚ฟใƒผใƒณใ‚’็‰นๅฎšใงใใพใ™ใ‹?
01:52
We stress the particle.
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็ฒ’ๅญใซๅฟœๅŠ›ใ‚’ๅŠ ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
01:54
Listen again.
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ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆใ€่žใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
02:05
It's the same pattern you've heard with other intransitive phrasal verbs.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ไป–ใฎ่‡ชๅ‹•่ฉžๅฅๅ‹•่ฉžใง่žใ„ใŸใ“ใจใฎใ‚ใ‚‹ใƒ‘ใ‚ฟใƒผใƒณใจๅŒใ˜ใงใ™ใ€‚
02:10
For example,
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ใŸใจใˆใฐ
02:30
Did you ever doze off in the middle of a class or a meeting?
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ใ€ๆŽˆๆฅญไธญใ‚„ไผš่ญฐไธญใซๅฑ…็œ ใ‚Šใ‚’ใ—ใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹?
02:35
Did anyone notice?
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่ชฐใ‹ๆฐ—ใฅใ„ใŸ๏ผŸ
02:40
In this review, we'll go over some of the previous phrasal verbs
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ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒ“ใƒฅใƒผใงใฏใ€ใ‚คใƒณใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒžใƒซใŠใ‚ˆใณใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒžใƒซใช่‹ฑ่ชžใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™้š›ใซใ€ไปฅๅ‰ใฎๅฅๅ‹•่ฉžใฎใ„ใใคใ‹ใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚ŠไธŠใ’
02:45
as we talk about informal and formal English.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:51
Did you know that the use of phrasal verbs generally creates informal speech?
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ๅฅๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใซ้žๅ…ฌๅผใฎใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใƒใŒไฝœๆˆใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ใ”ๅญ˜็Ÿฅใงใ™ใ‹?
03:02
These sentences sound conversational.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๆ–‡ใฏไผš่ฉฑใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
03:05
More formal equivalents would be...
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ใ‚ˆใ‚ŠๆญฃๅผใชๅŒ็ญ‰็‰ฉใฏๆฌกใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™...
03:14
Often those more formal equivalents are one-word verbs,
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ๅคšใใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚ŠๆญฃๅผใชๅŒ็ญ‰็‰ฉใฏ 1 ่ชžใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใงใ™
03:18
but not always.
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ใŒใ€ๅธธใซใใ†ใจใฏ้™ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
03:32
Let's first read the text together.
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ใพใšใฏใƒ†ใ‚ญใ‚นใƒˆใ‚’ไธ€็ท’ใซ่ชญใ‚“ใงใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
04:15
Look back to the first line.
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ๆœ€ๅˆใฎ่กŒใซๆˆปใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
04:18
"Successfully complete a project" - how else could we say that?
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ใ€Œใƒ—ใƒญใ‚ธใ‚งใ‚ฏใƒˆใ‚’ๆˆๅŠŸ่ฃใซๅฎŒไบ†ใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ - ไป–ใซใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ‹?
04:30
Look down further.
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ใ•ใ‚‰ใซไธ‹ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ€‚
04:32
"Spend time improving something"
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ใ€Œไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๆ”นๅ–„ใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซๆ™‚้–“ใ‚’่ฒปใ‚„ใ™ใ€
04:37
What could we use?
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ไฝ•ใ‚’ไฝฟใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ‹?
04:44
In the next paragraph...
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ๆฌกใฎๆฎต่ฝใงใฏ...
04:46
"Falling asleep on the job"
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ใ€Œไป•ไบ‹ไธญใซๅฑ…็œ ใ‚Šใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€
04:55
We can say..."dozing off."
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็งใŸใกใฏใ€ใ€Œๅฑ…็œ ใ‚Šใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
04:59
And finally, toward the end...
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ใใ—ใฆๆœ€ๅพŒใซใ€ๆœ€ๅพŒใซใƒปใƒปใƒป
05:03
"Review"
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05:05
"Look closely at"
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ใ€ŒๆŒฏใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ‚‹ใ€ใ€Œใ‚ˆใ่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ€
05:09
We could say..."go over."
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ใƒปใƒปใƒปใ€Œ่กŒใฃใฆใฟใ‚ˆใ†ใ€ใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
05:14
With the use of phrasal verbs in the text,
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ใƒ†ใ‚ญใ‚นใƒˆใงๅฅๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€
05:16
it's beginning to sound more conversational.
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ใ‚ˆใ‚Šไผš่ฉฑ็š„ใซ่žใ“ใˆๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:19
Less formal.
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ใ‚ใพใ‚Šๆญฃๅผใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
05:21
But if we really want to make it more informal,
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซใ‚‚ใฃใจ้žๅ…ฌๅผใซใ—ใŸใ„ใฎใงใ‚ใ‚Œใฐ
05:24
we should make a few other changes.
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ใ€ไป–ใซใ‚‚ใ„ใใคใ‹ๅค‰ๆ›ดใ‚’ๅŠ ใˆใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
05:26
Let's use contractions and more everyday vocabulary.
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็Ÿญ็ธฎๅฝขใจใ‚‚ใฃใจๆ—ฅๅธธ็š„ใช่ชžๅฝ™ใ‚’ไฝฟใ„ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
05:33
We have a chance to use a contraction.
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ๅŽ็ธฎใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๆฉŸไผšใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
05:43
Let's change "must" to something more conversational.
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ใ€Œmustใ€ใ‚’ใ‚‚ใฃใจไผš่ฉฑ็š„ใชใ‚‚ใฎใซๅค‰ใˆใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
05:53
At the end of the first paragraph, we have the phrase "in this manner."
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ๆœ€ๅˆใฎๆฎต่ฝใฎๆœ€ๅพŒใซใ€ใ€Œใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
06:07
Further, we have "risk losing."
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ใ•ใ‚‰ใซใ€ใ€Œ่ฒ ใ‘ใ‚‹ใƒชใ‚นใ‚ฏใ€ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
06:19
And finally, "address errors."
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ๆœ€ๅพŒใซใ€ใ€Œใ‚ขใƒ‰ใƒฌใ‚น ใ‚จใƒฉใƒผใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
06:34
Take a moment to look at all the changes we made.
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็งใŸใกใŒ่กŒใฃใŸใ™ในใฆใฎๅค‰ๆ›ดใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
06:37
We went from more formal to less formal.
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็งใŸใกใฏใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒžใƒซใชใ‚‚ใฎใ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚ซใ‚ธใƒฅใ‚ขใƒซใชใ‚‚ใฎใธใจ็งป่กŒใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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