Jingle Bells - U.S. Culture - Homophones, Homographs & Homonyms

15,597 views ใƒป 2014-12-16

English with Jennifer


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:02
Language Notes
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Language Notes
00:03
Topic 14:
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ใƒˆใƒ”ใƒƒใ‚ฏ 14:
00:05
Homophones, Homographs, and Homonyms
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ๅŒ้Ÿณ็•ฐ็พฉ่ชžใ€ๅŒ้Ÿณ็•ฐ็พฉ่ชžใ€ใŠใ‚ˆใณๅŒ้Ÿณ็•ฐ็พฉ่ชž
00:26
When I hear these bells jingle,
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใƒ™ใƒซใŒ้ณดใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’่žใ
00:29
I think of two things.
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ใจใ€2 ใคใฎใ“ใจใ‚’่€ƒใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
00:30
I think of winter fun,
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ๅ†ฌใฎ
00:33
all the winter fun surrounding our December holidays.
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ๆฅฝใ—ใฟใ€12 ๆœˆใฎไผ‘ๆš‡ใซใพใคใ‚ใ‚‹ใ™ในใฆใฎๅ†ฌใฎๆฅฝใ—ใฟใซใคใ„ใฆ่€ƒใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
00:37
I think of Christmas and Santa Claus,
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ใ‚ฏใƒชใ‚นใƒžใ‚นใจใ‚ตใƒณใ‚ฟใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใ‚นใ€
00:40
sleigh rides and sleigh bells.
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ใใ‚Šใจใใ‚Šใฎ้˜ใ‚’ๆ€ใ„ๆตฎใ‹ในใพใ™ใ€‚
00:42
And I think of my grandmother.
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ใใ—ใฆ็ฅ–ๆฏใฎใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:45
My grandmother was very proud
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็งใฎ็ฅ–ๆฏใฏใƒใƒผใƒฉใƒณใƒ‰ใฎไผ็ตฑใ‚’ใจใฆใ‚‚่ช‡ใ‚Šใซๆ€ใฃใฆใ„ใฆ
00:47
of her Polish heritage,
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ใ€
00:49
and she loved polkas.
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ใƒใƒซใ‚ซใŒๅคงๅฅฝใใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
00:50
When she would go to polka parties,
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ๅฝผๅฅณใฏใƒใƒซใ‚ซใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใซ่กŒใใจใใ€
00:53
she sometimes took these bells
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ๆ™‚ใ€…ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰
00:55
and she would jingle the bells
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ใฎใƒ™ใƒซใ‚’ๆŒใฃ
00:57
while she listened to the music.
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ใฆ่กŒใใ€้Ÿณๆฅฝใ‚’่ดใใชใŒใ‚‰ใƒ™ใƒซใ‚’้ณดใ‚‰ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸ.
01:00
Did you know that "jingle" could be a noun or a verb?
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ใ€Œใ‚ธใƒณใ‚ฐใƒซใ€ใŒๅ่ฉžใพใŸใฏๅ‹•่ฉžใซใชใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ใ”ๅญ˜็Ÿฅใงใ™ใ‹?
01:04
I can jingle the bells.
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ใƒ™ใƒซใ‚’้ณดใ‚‰ใ™ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
01:07
I can make that sound.
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ใ‚ใฎ้ŸณใŒๅ‡บใ›ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:10
What do you hear?
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ไฝ•ใŒ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
01:12
The jingle of bells.
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้ˆดใฎ้Ÿณใ€‚
01:15
But "jingle" as a noun
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๅ่ฉžใจใ—ใฆใฎใ€Œใ‚ธใƒณใ‚ฐใƒซใ€ใซ
01:17
has another meaning.
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ใฏๅˆฅใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
01:18
It has nothing to do with bells.
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้ˆดใจใฏ้–ขไฟ‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
01:21
If you know anything about marketing,
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ใƒžใƒผใ‚ฑใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒณใ‚ฐใซใคใ„ใฆไฝ•ใ‹็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใชใ‚‰
01:24
then you know that in advertising
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ใ€ๅบƒๅ‘Š
01:27
they use jingles,
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ใงใฏใ‚ธใƒณใ‚ฐใƒซใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จ
01:29
they use short songs
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01:31
to help us remember a certain product.
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ใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ€็‰นๅฎšใฎ่ฃฝๅ“ใ‚’ๆ€ใ„ๅ‡บใ™ใฎใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใค็Ÿญใ„ๆญŒใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™.
01:35
"Jingle" is a good example of a homonym.
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ใ€Œใ‚ธใƒณใ‚ฐใƒซใ€ใฏๅŒ้Ÿณ็•ฐ็พฉ่ชžใฎ่‰ฏใ„ไพ‹ใงใ™ใ€‚
01:38
The words look the same,
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่จ€่‘‰ใฏๅŒใ˜ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใ€ๅŒใ˜ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™
01:40
sound the same
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01:42
but they have different meanings.
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ใŒใ€ๆ„ๅ‘ณใฏ็•ฐใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
01:44
In this lesson, I'd like to talk about
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ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใงใฏใ€
01:47
words like "jingle."
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ใ€Œใ‚ธใƒณใ‚ฐใƒซใ€ใชใฉใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใซใคใ„ใฆใŠ่ฉฑใ—ใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:49
We're going to talk about homonyms, homographs, and homophones.
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ๅŒ้Ÿณ็•ฐ็พฉ่ชžใ€ๅŒๅฝข็•ฐ็พฉ่ชžใ€ๅŒ้Ÿณ็•ฐ็พฉ่ชžใซใคใ„ใฆ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:04
You already know what a homonym is.
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ๅŒ้Ÿณ็•ฐ็พฉ่ชžใŒไฝ•ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฏใ™ใงใซ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:07
I gave you the example "jingle."
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ใ€Œใ‚ธใƒณใ‚ฐใƒซใ€ใ‚’ไพ‹ใซๆŒ™ใ’ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
02:10
Here's another one.
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ใ“ใ“ใซๅˆฅใฎใ‚‚ใฎใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
02:12
"Star." S-T-A-R.
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"ๆ˜Ÿใ€‚" ๆ˜Ÿใ€‚
02:16
Do you think of this?
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ใ“ใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆ่€ƒใˆใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
02:18
The shape of a star.
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ๆ˜Ÿใฎๅฝขใ€‚
02:21
"Star" can also refer to what we see in the night sky.
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ใ€Œๆ˜Ÿใ€ใฏใ€ๅคœ็ฉบใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ๆŒ‡ใ™ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
02:26
And "star" can also be a celebrity.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€Œใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒผใ€ใฏๆœ‰ๅไบบใซใ‚‚ใชใ‚Šๅพ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:29
Like a film star, a sports star, or a radio star.
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ๆ˜ ็”ปใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒผใ€ใ‚นใƒใƒผใƒ„ใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒผใ€ใƒฉใ‚ธใ‚ชใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒผใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€‚
02:34
Homonyms then look the same, sound the same,
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ๅŒ้Ÿณ็•ฐ็พฉ่ชžใฏใ€ๅŒใ˜ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใ€ๅŒใ˜ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใŒใ€
02:37
but have different meanings.
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ๆ„ๅ‘ณใŒ็•ฐใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
02:39
What about "homophone"?
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ใ€ŒๅŒ้Ÿณ็•ฐ็พฉ่ชžใ€ใฏใฉใ†ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
02:42
Homophone.
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ๅŒ้Ÿณ็•ฐ็พฉ่ชžใ€‚
02:43
"Phone" has to do with sound.
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ใ€Œ้›ป่ฉฑใ€ใฏ้Ÿณใจ้–ขไฟ‚ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
02:46
So words sound the same,
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๅ˜่ชžใฏๅŒใ˜ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™
02:48
but they have different meanings,
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ใŒใ€ๆ„ๅ‘ณใŒ็•ฐใชใ‚Š
02:50
and they're written differently.
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ใ€ๆ›ธใๆ–นใ‚‚็•ฐใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
02:52
For example...
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ใŸใจใˆใฐ...
02:57
Which word am I referring to?
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ใฉใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ๆŒ‡ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹?
03:00
I
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็งใฏ
03:01
Like myself?
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่‡ชๅˆ†ใŒๅฅฝใใ ๏ผŸ
03:03
The first person, singular pronoun.
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ไธ€ไบบ็งฐใ€ๅ˜ๆ•ฐไปฃๅ่ฉžใ€‚
03:05
Eye.
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็›ฎใ€‚
03:06
Or...what I see with?
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ใพใŸใฏ...็งใŒ่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
03:08
E-Y-E
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E-Y-E
03:10
So we have homonyms, homophones, and homographs.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๅŒ้Ÿณ็•ฐ็พฉ่ชžใ€ๅŒ้Ÿณ็•ฐ็พฉ่ชžใ€ๅŒๅฝข็•ฐ็พฉ่ชžใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
03:16
If homophones are wrods that sound the same,
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ๅŒ้Ÿณ็•ฐ็พฉ่ชžใŒๅŒใ˜ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใ€ๅŒใ˜็™บ้Ÿณใ‚’ๆŒใคๅ˜่ชžใงใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ๅŒ้Ÿณ็•ฐ็พฉ่ชžใŒไฝ•ใงใ‚ใ‚‹
03:20
have the same pronunciation,
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03:22
can you guess what homographs are?
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ใ‹ใ‚’ๆŽจๆธฌใงใใพใ™ใ‹?
03:26
"Graph" has to do with writing.
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ใ€Œใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ•ใ€ใฏๆ›ธใใ“ใจใจ้–ขไฟ‚ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
03:28
So homographs are written the same way.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๅŒๅฝข็•ฐ็พฉ่ชžใฏๅŒใ˜ใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆ›ธใ‹ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
03:32
They share the same spelling,
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็ถดใ‚Š
03:35
but not necessarily the same pronunciation.
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ใฏๅŒใ˜ใงใ™ใŒใ€็™บ้ŸณใŒๅŒใ˜ใจใฏ้™ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
03:39
Here's an example.
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ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒไพ‹ใงใ™ใ€‚
03:41
Can you see what I made?
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็งใŒไฝœใฃใŸใ‚‚ใฎใŒ่ฆ‹ใˆใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
03:43
This is a holiday ribbon, and I tied a bow.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏไผ‘ๆ—ฅใฎใƒชใƒœใƒณใงใ€็งใฏๅผ“ใ‚’็ตใณใพใ—ใŸ.
03:46
Bow.
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ๅผ“ใ€‚
03:48
B-O-W.
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ๅผ“ใ€‚
03:51
B-O-W...can I only say (it one way)?
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B-O-W... (ไธ€ๆ–น้€š่กŒ) ใจใ—ใ‹่จ€ใˆใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‹?
03:56
I can also say...
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ใ€Œๅผ“ใ€ใจใ‚‚่จ€ใˆใพใ™
03:59
"bow"...how I bend from my waist.
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โ€ฆ ่…ฐใ‹ใ‚‰ใฎๅฑˆใฟๆ–นใงใ™ใ€‚
04:02
In certain countries, in certain contexts,
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็‰นๅฎšใฎๅ›ฝใงใฏใ€็‰นๅฎšใฎ็Šถๆณใงใ€
04:04
people bow.
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ไบบใ€…ใฏใŠ่พžๅ„€ใ‚’ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:07
Let's talk more about homonyms, homophones, and homographs.
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ๅŒ้Ÿณ็•ฐ็พฉ่ชžใ€ๅŒ้Ÿณ็•ฐ็พฉ่ชžใ€ๅŒๅฝข็•ฐ็พฉ่ชžใซใคใ„ใฆใ‚‚ใฃใจ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
04:22
First, I'll give you practice with homophones.
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ใพใšใ€ๅŒ้Ÿณ็•ฐ็พฉ่ชžใฎ็ทด็ฟ’ใ‚’ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:25
We'll use the holiday song "Jingle Bells."
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ใƒ›ใƒชใƒ‡ใƒผใ‚ฝใƒณใ‚ฐใ€Œใ‚ธใƒณใ‚ฐใƒซใƒ™ใƒซใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:28
Every American knows this song,
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ใ™ในใฆใฎใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซไบบใฏใ“ใฎๆญŒใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™
04:31
but usually we only know the first verse.
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ใŒใ€้€šๅธธใฏๆœ€ๅˆใฎ่ฉฉใ—ใ‹็Ÿฅใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
04:34
We forget the other ones.
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ไป–ใฎใ‚‚ใฎใฏๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
04:37
I'll say the words,
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็งใŒ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’่จ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‰
04:38
and you'll help me with the spelling, okay?
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ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็ถดใ‚Šใ‚’ๆ‰‹ไผใฃใฆใใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ
04:41
Let's start.
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ใฏใ˜ใ‚ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
05:01
Which words do we need?
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ใฉใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใŒๅฟ…่ฆใงใ™ใ‹?
05:15
This might be a little tricky.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅฐ‘ใ—้›ฃใ—ใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
05:18
"O'er" is a contraction.
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ใ€ŒO'erใ€ใฏ็Ÿญ็ธฎๅฝขใงใ™ใ€‚
05:20
A short form for "over."
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ใ€Œใ‚ชใƒผใƒใƒผใ€ใฎ็Ÿญ็ธฎๅฝขใ€‚
05:24
And it's literary, like bookish...
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๆ–‡ๅญฆ็š„ใงใ€ๆœฌใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™...
05:50
Now we start the chorus.
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ใ•ใ‚ใ€ๅˆๅ”ฑใ‚’ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
06:11
Which word?
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ใฉใกใ‚‰ใฎ่จ€่‘‰๏ผŸ
06:32
Natasha, I have a question for you.
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ใƒŠใ‚ฟใƒผใ‚ทใƒฃใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใซ่ณชๅ•ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
06:35
When we sing "Jingle Bells,"
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ใ€Œใ‚ธใƒณใ‚ฐใƒซใƒ™ใƒซใ€ใ‚’ๆญŒใ†ใจใ
06:37
what word do we say at the end?
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ใ€ๆœ€ๅพŒใซไฝ•ใ‚’่จ€ใ†๏ผŸ
06:39
When we say..."Jingle bells, jingle bells"
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ใ€Œใ‚ธใƒณใ‚ฐใƒซใƒ™ใƒซใ€ใ‚ธใƒณใ‚ฐใƒซใƒ™ใƒซใ€ใ€Œใšใฃใจใ‚ธใƒณใ‚ฐใƒซใ€ใฃใฆ่จ€ใ†ใจ
06:42
"Jingle all the way."
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ใ€‚
06:43
"Oh, what fun it is to ride in a one-horse open sleigh."
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ใ€Œใ‚ใ‚ใ€ไธ€้ ญใฎ้ฆฌใฎใใ‚Šใซไน—ใ‚‹ใฎใฏใชใ‚“ใฆๆฅฝใ—ใ„ใ‚“ใ ใ‚ใ†ใ€‚ใ€
06:48
Yes! And how is that spelled?
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ใฏใ„๏ผ ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ็ถดใ‚‰ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
06:50
H-A-Y or H-E-Y?
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H-A-YใพใŸใฏH-E-Y?
06:54
H-E-Y.
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ใŠใ„ใ€‚
06:55
Of course.
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€‚
06:56
Because if we say H-A-Y,
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H-A-Yใจ่จ€ใ†ใจใ€
06:59
what are we talking about?
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ไฝ•ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹?
07:00
Um, the hay that horses eat.
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ใ†ใƒผใ‚“ใ€้ฆฌใŒ้ฃŸในใ‚‹ๅนฒใ—่‰ใ€‚
07:03
Yeah. Hay for horses.
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ใ†ใ‚“ใ€‚ ้ฆฌใฎๅนฒใ—่‰ใ€‚
07:08
Now we'll take the same song,
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ไปŠๅบฆใฏๅŒใ˜ๆญŒ
07:09
the same words,
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ใ€ๅŒใ˜่จ€่‘‰
07:11
the same first verse,
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ใ€ๅŒใ˜ๆœ€ๅˆใฎ่ฉฉใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚ŠไธŠใ’ใฆใ€
07:13
and I'll give you practice with homonyms.
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ๅŒ้Ÿณ็•ฐ็พฉ่ชžใฎ็ทด็ฟ’ใ‚’ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:17
That's all for now.
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ใใ‚ŒใฏไปŠใฎใจใ“ใ‚ใ™ในใฆใงใ™ใ€‚
09:19
Thanks for watching and happy studies!
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ใ”่ฆงใ„ใŸใ ใใ€ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:21
And...Happy Holidays,...people!
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ใใ—ใฆ...ใƒใƒƒใƒ”ใƒผใƒ›ใƒชใƒ‡ใƒผใ€...ไบบใ€…๏ผ
09:25
Can we do it without the "people," Natasha?
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ใ€Œไบบใ€ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใƒŠใ‚ฟใƒผใ‚ทใƒฃใชใ—ใงใใ‚Œใ‚’่กŒใ†ใ“ใจใฏใงใใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
09:28
Fine! - Okay.
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็ฝฐ้‡‘๏ผ - ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
09:36
That's all for now.
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ใใ‚ŒใฏไปŠใฎใจใ“ใ‚ใ™ในใฆใงใ™ใ€‚
09:38
Thanks for watching and happy studies!
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ใ”่ฆงใ„ใŸใ ใใ€ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:40
And...Happy Holidays...
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ใใ—ใฆ...ใƒใƒƒใƒ”ใƒผ ใƒ›ใƒชใƒ‡ใƒผ...
09:43
What were you saying?
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ไฝ•ใฆ่จ€ใฃใฆใŸใฎ๏ผŸ
09:52
That's all for now.
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ใใ‚ŒใฏไปŠใฎใจใ“ใ‚ใ™ในใฆใงใ™ใ€‚
09:53
Thanks for watching and happy studies!
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ใ”่ฆงใ„ใŸใ ใใ€ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:56
And...Happy Holidays!
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ใใ—ใฆ...ใƒใƒƒใƒ”ใƒผใƒ›ใƒชใƒ‡ใƒผ๏ผ
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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