Master Intonation - Learn American Pronunciation and Reduce Your Accent

67,653 views ใƒป 2017-04-21

English with Jennifer


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:01
Intonation can help us express quite a lot.
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ใ‚คใƒณใƒˆใƒใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใฏใ€็งใŸใกใŒๅคšใใฎใ“ใจใ‚’่กจ็พใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใกใพใ™ใ€‚
00:05
Listen and think about what I might be saying with only a single word.
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็งใŒไธ€่จ€ใ ใ‘ใงไฝ•ใ‚’่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ€่žใ„ใฆ่€ƒใˆใฆใฟใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
00:13
Oh.
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ใŠใƒผใ€‚
00:17
That's falling intonation.
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ใใ‚ŒใŒ่ฝ้Ÿณใงใ™ใ€‚
00:20
It expresses understanding. It's like saying, "I see. Okay."
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็†่งฃใ‚’็คบใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œใชใ‚‹ใปใฉใ€ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
00:29
Oh?
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ใŠใƒผ๏ผŸ
00:32
That's rising intonation. It expresses doubt.
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ใใ‚ŒใŒใ‚คใƒณใƒˆใƒใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใฎไธŠๆ˜‡ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏ็–‘ๅ•ใ‚’่กจๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:37
It's like saying, "Really?"
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ใ€Œๆœฌๅฝ“ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
00:42
Oh!
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ใŠใƒผ๏ผ
00:45
That's a rise-fall. It expresses surprise.
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ใใ‚ŒใฏไธŠๆ˜‡ไธ‹้™ใงใ™ใ€‚ ้ฉšใใ‚’่กจ็พใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:49
It's like saying, "Wow! I didn't know."
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ใ€Œใ†ใ‚ใƒผใ€็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ€ใฟใŸใ„ใชใ€‚
00:57
Well.
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่‰ฏใ„ใ€‚
01:00
That's a fall-rise. It expresses hesitation for some reason.
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ใใ‚ŒใŒใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒซใƒฉใ‚คใ‚บใงใ™ใ€‚ ใชใœใ‹ใŸใ‚ใ‚‰ใ„ใ‚’่กจใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:06
I might be saying, "Let me think." or "One moment."
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ใ€Œ่€ƒใˆใ•ใ›ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใพใŸใฏใ€Œใกใ‚‡ใฃใจใ€ใ€‚
01:16
Yes? No? Maybe?
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ใฏใ„๏ผŸ ใ„ใ„ใˆ๏ผŸ ๅคšๅˆ†๏ผŸ
01:21
That was all rising intonation.
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ™ในใฆไธŠๆ˜‡ใ‚คใƒณใƒˆใƒใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
01:24
I'm expressing a need for an answer. A need for confirmation.
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็งใฏ็ญ”ใˆใฎๅฟ…่ฆๆ€งใ‚’่กจๆ˜Žใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ขบ่ชใฎๅฟ…่ฆๆ€งใ€‚
01:29
It's like saying, "Well, what's your answer? Is it yes? Is it no? Is it maybe?"
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ใ€Œใ•ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ็ญ”ใˆใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹?ใ‚คใ‚จใ‚นใงใ™ใ‹?ใƒŽใƒผใงใ™ใ‹?ๅคšๅˆ†ใงใ™ใ‹?ใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
01:36
By now, I've shared the most common intonation patterns in American English.
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ใ“ใ“ใพใงใงใ€ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซ่‹ฑ่ชžใงๆœ€ใ‚‚ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใชใ‚คใƒณใƒˆใƒใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณ ใƒ‘ใ‚ฟใƒผใƒณใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
01:42
This lesson will review them.
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ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใงใฏใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ๅพฉ็ฟ’ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:48
[title]
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[ใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒˆใƒซ]
01:58
Here's your first review task of 10 items.
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10 ้ …็›ฎใฎๆœ€ๅˆใฎใƒฌใƒ“ใƒฅใƒผ ใ‚ฟใ‚นใ‚ฏใงใ™ใ€‚
02:02
Listen and identify the intonation pattern that you hear.
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่žใ„ใฆใ€่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ใ‚คใƒณใƒˆใƒใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณ ใƒ‘ใ‚ฟใƒผใƒณใ‚’็‰นๅฎšใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:06
Then you'll repeat the sentence after me.
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ๆฌกใซใ€็งใฎๅพŒใซใใฎๆ–‡ใ‚’็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:19
We use falling intonation for statements. Listen.
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ใ‚นใƒ†ใƒผใƒˆใƒกใƒณใƒˆใซใฏไธ‹้™ใ‚คใƒณใƒˆใƒใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ่žใใ€‚
02:40
We use rising intonation for yes-no questions. Listen.
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ใฏใ„/ใ„ใ„ใˆใฎ่ณชๅ•ใซใฏไธŠๆ˜‡ใ‚คใƒณใƒˆใƒใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ่žใใ€‚
03:00
We use falling intonation for wh- questions. Those are questions for information. Listen.
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Wh- ใฎ่ณชๅ•ใซใฏใ€ไธ‹้™ใ‚คใƒณใƒˆใƒใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏๆƒ…ๅ ฑใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹่ณชๅ•ใงใ™ใ€‚ ่žใใ€‚
03:24
We use falling intonation in tag questions that merely comment. Listen.
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ๅ˜ใซใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ฟใ‚ฐใฎ่ณชๅ•ใงใฏใ€ๆŠ‘ๆšใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ่žใใ€‚
03:49
We use rising intonation in tag questions that seek confirmation.
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็ขบ่ชใ‚’ๆฑ‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚ฟใ‚ฐใฎ่ณชๅ•ใงใฏใ€ไธŠๆ˜‡ใ‚คใƒณใƒˆใƒใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:55
These are tag questions that require a yes-no answer.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏใ€ใฏใ„/ใ„ใ„ใˆใฎๅ›ž็ญ”ใŒๅฟ…่ฆใชใ‚ฟใ‚ฐใฎ่ณชๅ•ใงใ™ใ€‚
03:59
Repeat after me.
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็งใฎๅพŒใซ็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใฆใ€‚
04:19
We use rising intonation to turn a statement into a yes-no question.
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ไธŠๆ˜‡ใ‚คใƒณใƒˆใƒใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚นใƒ†ใƒผใƒˆใƒกใƒณใƒˆใ‚’ใฏใ„/ใ„ใ„ใˆใฎ่ณชๅ•ใซๅค‰ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
04:25
In informal English, grammar structures can be shortened. Words can sometimes be dropped. Listen.
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้žๅ…ฌๅผใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžใงใฏใ€ๆ–‡ๆณ•ๆง‹้€ ใ‚’็Ÿญ็ธฎใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ่จ€่‘‰ใŒ้€”ๅˆ‡ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ่žใใ€‚
04:51
Remember we use a combination of rising and falling intonation in lists. Listen.
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ใƒชใ‚นใƒˆใงใฏไธŠๆ˜‡ใ‚คใƒณใƒˆใƒใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใจไธ‹้™ใ‚คใƒณใƒˆใƒใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใฎ็ต„ใฟๅˆใ‚ใ›ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ€ใ„ๅ‡บใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ่žใใ€‚
05:22
With longer sentences, you'll have more than one intonation group.
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ๆ–‡็ซ ใŒ้•ทใใชใ‚‹ใจใ€่ค‡ๆ•ฐใฎใ‚คใƒณใƒˆใƒใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณ ใ‚ฐใƒซใƒผใƒ—ใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
05:26
The word "well" is often said with a fall-rise to show hesitation.
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ใ€Œใ‚ˆใใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใฏใ€ใŸใ‚ใ‚‰ใ„ใ‚’็คบใ™ใŸใ‚ใซใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒซใƒฉใ‚คใ‚บใงใ‚ˆใ่จ€ใ‚ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
05:32
Well...
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ใˆใˆใจ...
05:33
You can also hear a fall rise in the middle of a sentence, at a mid sentence pause,
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ๆ–‡ใฎ้€”ไธญใ€ๆ–‡ใฎ้€”ไธญใงใ€
05:39
especially before the word "but."
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็‰นใซใ€Œใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใฎๅ‰ใงใ€็ซ‹ใกไธ‹ใŒใ‚ŠใŒ่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
05:42
I like all those flowers,...
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็งใฏใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ™ในใฆใฎ่ŠฑใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™
05:45
but my favorite is actually an orchid.
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ใŒใ€็งใฎใŠๆฐ—ใซๅ…ฅใ‚Šใฏ่˜ญใงใ™ใ€‚
05:48
Falling Intonation at the end.
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ๆœ€ๅพŒใซใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒชใƒณใ‚ฐใ‚คใƒณใƒˆใƒใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใ€‚
05:50
Listen.
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่žใใ€‚
06:18
We use a rise-fall intonation pattern to show strong emotion like surprise or anger. Listen.
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้ฉšใใ‚„ๆ€’ใ‚Šใชใฉใฎๅผทใ„ๆ„Ÿๆƒ…ใ‚’่กจ็พใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ€ใ‚คใƒณใƒˆใƒใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใฎไธŠๆ˜‡ใจไธ‹้™ใฎใƒ‘ใ‚ฟใƒผใƒณใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ่žใใ€‚
06:42
We use both stress and intonation to create a contrast.
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ใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใจใ‚คใƒณใƒˆใƒใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใฎไธกๆ–นใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ‚ณใƒณใƒˆใƒฉใ‚นใƒˆใ‚’ไฝœๆˆใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:47
If two thoughts contrast, we have two intonation groups,
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2 ใคใฎๆ€่€ƒใŒๅฏพ็…ง็š„ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€2 ใคใฎใ‚คใƒณใƒˆใƒใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณ ใ‚ฐใƒซใƒผใƒ—ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€
06:52
each with their own intonation pattern, each with their own focus word.
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ใใ‚Œใžใ‚Œใซ็‹ฌ่‡ชใฎใ‚คใƒณใƒˆใƒใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณ ใƒ‘ใ‚ฟใƒผใƒณใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใใ‚Œใžใ‚Œใซ็‹ฌ่‡ชใฎใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใ‚ซใ‚น ใƒฏใƒผใƒ‰ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
06:58
Listen again
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ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆ
07:15
Here's a bonus challenge. Listen closely.
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่žใ ใƒœใƒผใƒŠใ‚น ใƒใƒฃใƒฌใƒณใ‚ธใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ˆใ่žใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
07:26
Did you hear a change in pitch?
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ใƒ”ใƒƒใƒใฎๅค‰ๅŒ–ใŒ่žใ“ใˆใพใ—ใŸใ‹๏ผŸ
07:28
Remember that our voice drops when we add information that really could be left out.
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ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ็œ็•ฅใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใฎใ‚ใ‚‹ๆƒ…ๅ ฑใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€็งใŸใกใฎๅฃฐใŒไฝŽไธ‹ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„.
07:42
You try.
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่ฉฆใ—ใฆใฟใฆใ€‚
07:56
Let's do one more task.
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ใ‚‚ใ† 1 ใคใ‚ฟใ‚นใ‚ฏใ‚’ๅฎŸ่กŒใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
07:58
Read this text with me.
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็งใจไธ€็ท’ใซใ“ใฎใƒ†ใ‚ญใ‚นใƒˆใ‚’่ชญใ‚“ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
08:00
I'll go first. Then you can pause the video and read the text aloud yourself. Okay?
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็งใŒๅ…ˆใซ่กŒใใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆฌกใซใ€ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ไธ€ๆ™‚ๅœๆญขใ—ใฆใ€ใƒ†ใ‚ญใ‚นใƒˆใ‚’่‡ชๅˆ†ใงๅฃฐใซๅ‡บใ—ใฆ่ชญใ‚€ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
09:08
For more intonation practice and to improve fluency in general,
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ใ‚คใƒณใƒˆใƒใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใฎ็ทด็ฟ’ใจไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใชๆตๆšขใ•ใฎๅ‘ไธŠใฎใŸใ‚
09:12
I recommend using the practice texts in my Oral Reading Fluency series.
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ใซใ€Oral Reading Fluency ใ‚ทใƒชใƒผใ‚บใฎ็ทด็ฟ’็”จใƒ†ใ‚ญใ‚นใƒˆใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ใŠๅ‹งใ‚ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:21
I also suggest watching my Fast Speech Challenge to learn how words link
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ใพใŸใ€ใƒ•ใ‚กใ‚นใƒˆ ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใƒ ใƒใƒฃใƒฌใƒณใ‚ธใ‚’่ฆ–่ดใ—ใฆใ€ๅ˜่ชžใŒใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใƒชใƒณใ‚ฏ
09:26
and how their pronunciation can change in fast speech.
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ใ—ใ€็™บ้ŸณใŒใƒ•ใ‚กใ‚นใƒˆ ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใƒใงใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’ๅญฆใถใ“ใจใ‚’ใŠๅ‹งใ‚ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:32
I hope this series of lessons has helped you improve your understanding and use of intonation in English.
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ใ“ใฎไธ€้€ฃใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใŒใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใฎใ‚คใƒณใƒˆใƒใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใฎ็†่งฃใจไฝฟ็”จใ‚’ๆ”นๅ–„ใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคใ“ใจใ‚’้ก˜ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™.
09:39
That's all for now.
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ใใ‚ŒใฏไปŠใฎใจใ“ใ‚ใ™ในใฆใงใ™ใ€‚
09:41
Thanks for watching and happy studies.
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ใ”่ฆงใ„ใŸใ ใใ€ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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