Learn English - TO & FOR

4,047,548 views ใƒป 2011-05-08

English with Ronnie


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:04
Hello there everyone. My name is Ronnie and today i'm going to teach you something you something that is a little bit confusing for me.
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็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚ ็งใฎๅๅ‰ใฏใƒญใƒ‹ใƒผใงใ™ใ€‚ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใ€็งใซใจใฃใฆๅฐ‘ใ—ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใซใใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
00:11
I actually had to research this a bit.
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็งใฏๅฎŸ้š›ใซใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ๅฐ‘ใ—็ ”็ฉถใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
00:14
One of my Brazilian students asked me this question: Teacher, what different "to" and "for" in English sentence?
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ใ‚ใ‚‹ใƒ–ใƒฉใ‚ธใƒซไบบใฎ็”Ÿๅพ’ใŒ็งใซใ“ใฎ่ณชๅ•ใ‚’ใ—ใพใ—ใŸ: ๅ…ˆ็”Ÿใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใฎๆ–‡ใงใ€Œtoใ€ใจใ€Œforใ€ใฎ้•ใ„ใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹?
00:27
Uhh, I don't know. I'll tell you tomorrow. So, it's tomorrow. The difference is kind of difficult to explain, but I'll try my best, for you.
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ใ†ใƒผใ‚“ใ€ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ๆ˜Žๆ—ฅใŠ่ฉฑใ—ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใงใฏใ€ๆ˜Žๆ—ฅใงใ™ใ€‚ ้•ใ„ใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใฏใกใ‚‡ใฃใจ้›ฃใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใŒใ€้ ‘ๅผตใฃใฆใฟใพใ™ใ€‚
00:38
Oh, it's for you. So this is how this works.
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ใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎใŸใ‚ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆฉŸ่ƒฝใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใงใ™ใ€‚
00:42
You can think of it in this way: "to" we're always going to use as a transfer or exchange or change of something, okay?
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ใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่€ƒใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™: "to" ใฏๅธธใซไฝ•ใ‹ใฎ่ญฒๆธกใ€ไบคๆ›ใ€ใพใŸใฏๅค‰ๆ›ดใจใ—ใฆไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใญใ€‚
00:59
"For" we're always going to use as something beneficial or good for the person.
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ใ€Œforใ€ใฏๅธธใซใ€ใใฎไบบใซใจใฃใฆๆœ‰็›ŠใพใŸใฏ่‰ฏใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใจใ—ใฆไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:09
If you guys understand the word benefit or if you don't understand the word benefit, it means a good thing.
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็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใŒใƒ™ใƒใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒƒใƒˆใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’็†่งฃใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใงใ‚‚ใ€ใƒ™ใƒใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒƒใƒˆใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’็†่งฃใ—ใฆใ„ใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใงใ‚‚ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ่‰ฏใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:26
So, if you want to transfer or exchange something you're gonna do it "to", if you want to do something for someone in a good way it's gonna be "for".
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’่ญฒๆธกใพใŸใฏไบคๆ›ใ—ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€Œtoใ€ใ€่ชฐใ‹ใฎใŸใ‚ใซไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’่‰ฏใ„ๅฝขใง่กŒใ„ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€Œforใ€ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
01:40
So, let's check this out with examples.
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ไพ‹ใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
01:45
the first two
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ๆœ€ๅˆใฎ 2 ใค
01:48
these words, these sentences are actually in the past tense
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ใฎๅ˜่ชžใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๆ–‡ใฏๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏ้ŽๅŽปๆ™‚ๅˆถ
01:51
it does not matter if you are using past, present, or future
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ใงใ™ใ€‚้ŽๅŽปใ€็พๅœจใ€ๆœชๆฅใ€ใพใŸใฏใ‚ใ‚‰ใ‚†ใ‚‹็จฎ้กžใฎๆ–‡ๆณ•ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใฏๅ•้กŒใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ๆ™‚ๅˆถใงใฏ
01:55
or any kind of grammar, in the tenses
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ใ€
01:58
what matters is what is happening in the sentence
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้‡่ฆใชใฎใฏๆ–‡ใงไฝ•ใŒ่ตทใ“ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใงใ™ใ€‚
02:01
so let's try this
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02:03
I made this lesson
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02:06
you can either use "to" or "for"
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ใ€Œtoใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œforใ€ใฎใ„ใšใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใงใใ‚‹ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’ไฝœๆˆใ—ใพใ—ใŸใŒใ€
02:10
so what do you think?
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ใฉใ†ๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ‹?
02:12
I made this lesson
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ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’ไฝœใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸ
02:14
is this lesson good for you?
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ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใฏใ‚ใชใŸใซใจใฃใฆ่‰ฏใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
02:16
yes yes yes it is
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ใฏใ„ใฏใ„ใฏใ„ใใ†ใงใ™
02:18
so, because this is a good thing that's happening
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ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ่‰ฏใ„ใ“ใจใŒ่ตทใ“ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใง
02:21
and I'm giving it to you
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ใ€็งใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ‚ใชใŸ
02:23
I'm going to benefit you, it's gonna be good
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ใซใ‚ใ’ใพใ™็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใซๅˆฉ็›Šใ‚’ใ‚‚ใŸใ‚‰ใ™ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ่‰ฏใ„ใ“ใจใง
02:27
and you're going to use
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ใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎใŸใ‚ใซไฝฟใ†ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Š
02:30
for you, okay
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ใงใ™ใ€ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸ
02:35
I gave the beer
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็งใฏใƒ“ใƒผใƒซใ‚’ใ‚ใ’ใพใ—ใŸ
02:41
for her or to her?
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ๅฝผๅฅณใฎใŸใ‚ใซใ€ใพใŸใฏๅฝผๅฅณใฎใŸใ‚ใซ๏ผŸ
02:43
I'm actually holding a beer
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็งใฏๅฎŸ้š›ใซใƒ“ใƒผใƒซใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™
02:47
Magical mystery beer; invisible beer, and I'm going to give it to someone.
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้ญ”ๆณ•ใฎใƒŸใ‚นใƒ†ใƒชใƒผใƒ“ใƒผใƒซใ€‚ ่ฆ‹ใˆใชใ„ใƒ“ใƒผใƒซใ€่ชฐใ‹ใซใ‚ใ’ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:53
So I'm actually transferring something.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰็งใฏๅฎŸ้š›ใซไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’่ปข้€ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:56
So because it's a transfer and exchange,
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ใงใฏใ€ๆŒฏ่พผใจไบคๆ›ใชใฎใง
02:59
I'm going to use "to".
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ใ€Œtoใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:02
Okay? Let's try another one
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ๅˆฅใฎๆ–‡ใ‚’่ฉฆใ—ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
03:05
These sentences,
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๆ–‡ใฏ
03:08
I've used the future tense, these sentences I've used the past.
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ใ€็งใฏๆœชๆฅๅฝขใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๆ–‡ใฏใ€้ŽๅŽปๅฝขใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
03:14
I'm going to talk,
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03:17
"for" her or "to" her?
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ใ€ŒๅฝผๅฅณใฎใŸใ‚ใซใ€ใใ‚Œใจใ‚‚ใ€Œๅฝผๅฅณใธใ€๏ผŸ
03:21
When we talk, what do we do?
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็งใŸใกใŒ่ฉฑใ™ใจใใ€็งใŸใกใฏไฝ•ใ‚’ใ—ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
03:24
We, exchange or we transfer information.
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็งใŸใกใฏใ€ๆƒ…ๅ ฑใ‚’ไบคๆ›ใพใŸใฏ่ปข้€ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:28
So, I'm going to talk "to" you.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใซใ€Œ่ฉฑใ—ใ‹ใ‘ใ‚‹ใ€ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚
03:36
Next one.
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ๆฌกใฎใ€‚
03:38
I will do that, or I will do something, "to" you- uh oh, "for" you- hmm.
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็งใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ—ใพใ™ใ€ใพใŸใฏ็งใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ—ใพใ™ใ€ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใซใ€-ใˆใˆใจใ€ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฎใŸใ‚ใซใ€-ใ†ใƒผใ‚“ใ€‚
03:46
So if I do something for you I'm going to help you; maybe I will wash the dishes, or I will give you a ride to class.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰็งใŒใ‚ใชใŸใฎใŸใ‚ใซไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใชใ‚‰ใ€็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ๅŠฉใ‘ใ‚‹ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅคšๅˆ†็งใฏ็šฟใ‚’ๆด—ใ†ใ‹ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚นใซไน—ใ›ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:55
Okay? So I would say, I will do something or do that, "for" you.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰็งใฏใ€ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฎใŸใ‚ใซใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:02
See if you can do this one by yourself.
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่‡ชๅˆ†ใงใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่กŒใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
04:06
I sing,
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็งใฏ
04:08
hmm,
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ใ†ใƒผใ‚“ใ€
04:09
you.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ๆญŒใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:11
I go,
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็งใฏ่กŒใใพใ™ใ€
04:13
hmm,
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ใ†ใƒผใ‚“ใ€
04:14
school.
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ๅญฆๆ กใ€‚
04:16
What do you think?
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ใฉใ†ๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
04:18
This grammar is in, the simple present tense,
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ใ“ใฎๆ–‡ๆณ•ใฏๅ˜็ด”ใช็พๅœจๆ™‚ๅˆถใช
04:26
so we have past, future, and present tense.
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ใฎใงใ€้ŽๅŽปๅฝขใ€ๆœชๆฅๅฝขใ€็พๅœจๅฝขใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
04:31
So,
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ใงใฏใ€
04:32
when someone sings, do they do it to exchange something?
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่ชฐใ‹ใŒๆญŒใ†ใจใใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ไบคๆ›ใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ—ใพใ™ใ‹?
04:37
Or do they do it because it's pleasureful, or beneficial , or good?
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ใใ‚Œใจใ‚‚ใ€ๆฅฝใ—ใ„ใ€ๆœ‰็›Šใ€ใพใŸใฏ่‰ฏใ„ใ‹ใ‚‰ใใ‚Œใ‚’่กŒใ†ใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹?
04:42
Oh pick that one! Okay, yes,
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ใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’้ธใ‚“ใงใใ ใ•ใ„๏ผ ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€ใฏใ„ใ€
04:44
I will sing,
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็งใฏ
04:48
for you.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฎใŸใ‚ใซๆญŒใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:49
No- uh I'm not going to sing sorry.
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ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€็”ณใ—่จณใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒๆญŒใ†ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
04:52
Laโ™ช no- not going to happen.
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ใ‚‰โ™ชใ„ใ‚„ใƒผใ€ใ„ใ‘ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
04:54
Um.
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ใ†ใƒผใ‚“ใ€‚
04:55
I go "for" school? No, I go "to" school.
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็งใฏใ€ŒใฎใŸใ‚ใซใ€ๅญฆๆ กใซ่กŒใใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€็งใฏใ€Œ้€šๅญฆใ€ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:01
So, let's just check out what we're actually transferring and exchanging in these sentences.
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๆ–‡ใงๅฎŸ้š›ใซ่ปข้€ใŠใ‚ˆใณไบคๆ›ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ—ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
05:07
If you say "I go to school." you're transferring your body.
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ใ€Œ็งใฏๅญฆๆ กใซ่กŒใใพใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎไฝ“ใ‚’็งปใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:13
So you're going from one place to another place. Going back woo-hoo!
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๆ‰€ใ‹ใ‚‰ๅˆฅใฎๅ ดๆ‰€ใซ็งปๅ‹•ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆˆปใ‚‹ใ†ใ†ใ†ใ†๏ผ
05:17
So in this one to make it kind of...
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใงใกใ‚‡ใฃใจโ€ฆ
05:21
Strange, but easier,
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ๅฅ‡ๅฆ™ใงใ™ใŒใ€็ฐกๅ˜ใซ
05:24
you're transferring, your body.
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ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไฝ“ใ‚’็งปใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:32
"I sing for you." Is a benefit.
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ใ€Œ็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎใŸใ‚ใซๆญŒใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ใƒกใƒชใƒƒใƒˆใงใ™ใ€‚
05:34
"I will do that for you." I'm going to do something to help you.
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ใ€Œ็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎใŸใ‚ใซใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ๅŠฉใ‘ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚
05:39
"I'm going to talk to you." When we talk like I said we transfer information.
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ใ€Œ็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใจ่ฉฑใ™ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ็งใŒ่จ€ใฃใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฉฑใ™ใจใใ€็งใŸใกใฏๆƒ…ๅ ฑใ‚’่ปข้€ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:45
So, or you can use exchange.
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ใใ†ใ€ใพใŸใฏไบคๆ›ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
05:49
Exchange,
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ไบคๆ›ใ€
05:52
info. Info is a short form of information, just so you know.
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ๆƒ…ๅ ฑใ€‚ Info ใฏ็Ÿญใ„ๅฝขๅผใฎๆƒ…ๅ ฑใงใ™ใ€‚
05:58
"I gave the beer to her." I'm actually, physically giving her beer, I'm transferring beer from my hand, to her hand.
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ใ€Œ็งใฏๅฝผๅฅณใซใƒ“ใƒผใƒซใ‚’ใ‚ใ’ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€ ็งใฏๅฎŸ้š›ใ€็‰ฉ็†็š„ใซๅฝผๅฅณใซใƒ“ใƒผใƒซใ‚’ไธŽใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใƒ“ใƒผใƒซใ‚’็งใฎๆ‰‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ๅฝผๅฅณใฎๆ‰‹ใซ็งปใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚

Original video on YouTube.com
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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