20 Common English Speaking Mistakes - Do YOU make these? (+ Free PDF & Quiz)

1,018,429 views ใƒป 2021-09-16

English with Lucy


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:01
(bright music)
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๏ผˆๆ˜Žใ‚‹ใ„้Ÿณๆฅฝ๏ผ‰
00:10
- Hello everyone and welcome back to English with Lucy.
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-ใฟใชใ•ใ‚“ใ€ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏ ใ€‚ใƒซใƒผใ‚ทใƒผใจไธ€็ท’ใซ่‹ฑ่ชžใซใ‚ˆใ†ใ“ใใ€‚
00:13
Today we are going to be talking
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใ€
00:15
about some common English mistakes
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00:18
normally made in spoken English
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้€šๅธธใฏ่ฉฑใ—่จ€่‘‰ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชž
00:20
but also sometimes in written English.
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ใ ใ‘ใงใชใใ€ๆ™‚ใซใฏๆ›ธใ่จ€่‘‰ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžใง่กŒใ‚ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใช่‹ฑ่ชžใฎ้–“้•ใ„ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:23
Naturally, these tend to be made
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ๅฝ“็„ถใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏ
00:25
by people who are learning English.
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่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ๅญฆใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ไบบใ€…ใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆไฝœใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅ‚พๅ‘ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
00:27
But there are quite a few mistakes in here
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ“ใ“
00:30
that native speakers also make.
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ใซใฏใƒใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใ‚‚็Šฏใ™้–“้•ใ„ใŒใ‹ใชใ‚Šใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
00:32
So you're not alone.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไธ€ไบบใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
00:33
This is a very difficult language.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้žๅธธใซ้›ฃใ—ใ„่จ€่ชžใงใ™ใ€‚
00:35
In this video, I'm going to take the incorrect sentences
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ใ“ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใงใฏ ใ€้–“้•ใฃใŸๆ–‡็ซ 
00:38
and provide you with the correction
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ใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚ŠไธŠใ’ใฆ่จ‚ๆญฃใ‚’ๆไพ›ใ—ใ€
00:40
so you can really get them into your head.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆœฌๅฝ“ใซใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’้ ญใซๅ…ฅใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:43
There's also a free PDF that goes with today's lesson.
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใซๅˆใ†็„กๆ–™ใฎPDFใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Š ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:45
It's got everything that we're going to talk about today,
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใŠ่ฉฑใ—ใ™ใ‚‹ใ™ในใฆใฎใ‚‚ใฎใซ
00:48
plus a quiz at the end so you can practise
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ๅŠ ใˆใฆใ€ๆœ€ๅพŒใซใ‚ฏใ‚คใ‚บใŒ็”จๆ„ใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ๅญฆใ‚“ใ ใ“ใจใ‚’็ทด็ฟ’ใ—ใฆ
00:51
what you've learned
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ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰
00:52
and make sure you don't repeat those mistakes.
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ใฎ้–“้•ใ„ใ‚’็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ•ใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ ใ€‚
00:55
If you'd like to download that,
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ใใ‚Œใ‚’ใƒ€ใ‚ฆใƒณใƒญใƒผใƒ‰ใ—ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆ
00:56
just click on the link in the description box,
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ใฏใ€่ชฌๆ˜Žใƒœใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใฎใƒชใƒณใ‚ฏใ‚’ใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ—ใฆ
00:58
you enter your name
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ใ€ๅๅ‰
00:59
and your email address,
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ใจใƒกใƒผใƒซใ‚ขใƒ‰ใƒฌใ‚นใ‚’ๅ…ฅๅŠ›
01:00
you sign up to my mailing list.
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ใ—ใ€็งใฎใƒกใƒผใƒชใƒณใ‚ฐใƒชใ‚นใƒˆใซใ‚ตใ‚คใƒณใ‚ขใƒƒใƒ—ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
01:02
The PDF will arrive directly in your inbox
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PDFใฏๅ—ไฟกใƒˆใƒฌใ‚คใซ็›ดๆŽฅๅฑŠใ
01:05
and then every week after that,
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01:07
you will automatically receive my lesson PDFs
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01:10
along with all of my news course updates and offers.
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ใ€ใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚น ใ‚ณใƒผใ‚นใฎใ™ในใฆใฎๆ›ดๆ–ฐใจใ‚ชใƒ•ใ‚กใƒผใจใจใ‚‚ใซใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณPDFใŒ่‡ชๅ‹•็š„ใซๅ—ไฟกใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
01:13
Before we get started, I just have a quick message
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ๅง‹ใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ‰ใซ
01:15
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ใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใ‚นใƒใƒณใ‚ตใƒผใ‹ใ‚‰็ฐกๅ˜ใชใƒกใƒƒใ‚ปใƒผใ‚ธใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ€ใƒจใƒผใƒญใƒƒใƒ‘ใง ๆœ€ใ‚‚ไฟก้ ผใงใใ‚‹่ชžๅญฆๅญฆๆ กใง
01:22
Have you heard about the Lingoda Language Sprint?
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ใ‚ใ‚‹Lingodaใงใ™ใ€‚LingodaLanguageSprintใซใคใ„ใฆ่žใ„ใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Š ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
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It is an intensive language challenge
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01:28
where you take either 15 or 30 language lessons a month
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01:32
for three months.
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01:34
As a huge motivational push,
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01:37
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01:40
if you attend all of your lessons,
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ใ™ในใฆใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใซๅ‚ๅŠ ใ—ใŸๅ ดๅˆใฏ100๏ผ…ใฎใ‚ญใƒฃใƒƒใ‚ทใƒฅใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏ
01:43
or 50% cashback if you take the lighter Sprint option.
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ใ‚’ใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Š่ปฝใ„Sprintใ‚ชใƒ—ใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใ‚’้ธๆŠžใ—ใŸๅ ดๅˆใฏ50๏ผ…ใฎใ‚ญใƒฃใƒƒใ‚ทใƒฅใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚’ๅพ—ใ‚‹ใ“ใจ ใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
01:47
You can take the Sprint in English, Business English,
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01:50
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01:53
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ๅˆๅฟƒ่€…ใ‹ใ‚‰ไธŠ็ดš่€…ใพใงๅ—่ฌ›ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
01:55
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Lingodaใฏ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„
01:56
because they have incredible qualified teachers
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่ณ‡ๆ ผใ‚’ๆŒใฃใŸๆ•™ๅธซใŒใ„
02:00
and their group sizes are so small.
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ใฆใ€ใ‚ฐใƒซใƒผใƒ—ใฎไบบๆ•ฐใŒใจใฆใ‚‚ๅฐ‘ใชใ„ใฎใง็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎใฉใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ‚‚
02:03
You can attend classes 24/7 from anywhere in the world.
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24ๆ™‚้–“ๅนดไธญ็„กไผ‘ใงใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚นใซๅ‚ๅŠ ใงใ ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:07
Their classes are of such high quality
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฎใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚นใฏใจใฆใ‚‚่ณชใŒ้ซ˜ใ
02:09
with lots of speaking practise and interaction.
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ใ€ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ญใƒณใ‚ฐใฎ ็ทด็ฟ’ใจ็›ธไบ’ไฝœ็”จใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
02:13
I recently asked a load of my followers,
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ๆœ€่ฟ‘
02:15
who has done a language sprint,
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ใ€่จ€่ชžใ‚นใƒ—ใƒชใƒณใƒˆใ‚’่กŒใฃใŸๅคšใใฎใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒญใƒฏใƒผใซ่žใ„ใŸใจใ“ใ‚ใ€
02:17
can you tell me about your experience?
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ็ตŒ้จ“ใซใคใ„ใฆๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
02:18
And so many came back to me
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ใใ—ใฆใ€้žๅธธใซๅคšใใฎไบบใŒ็งใซๆˆปใฃใฆใใฆ
02:21
and so many of them had received their refunds.
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ใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฎๅคšใใฏ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฎๆ‰•ใ„ๆˆปใ—ใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
02:25
It was crazy.
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ใ‚ฏใƒฌใ‚คใ‚ธใƒผใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
02:26
Lots of them said that it was a real challenge
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฎๅคšใใฏใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใฎๆŒ‘ๆˆฆใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸ
02:28
but that cashback motivation really pushed them to achieve.
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ใŒใ€ใ‚ญใƒฃใƒƒใ‚ทใƒฅใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏใฎๅ‹•ๆฉŸใฏ ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๅฝผใ‚‰ใ‚’้”ๆˆใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซไฟƒใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
02:32
They also spoke incredibly highly of the teachers.
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใพใŸใ€ๆ•™ๅธซใซใคใ„ใฆไฟกใ˜ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใชใ„ใปใฉ้ซ˜ใ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚
02:35
They got to meet lots of different teachers,
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใŸใใ•ใ‚“ ใฎ็•ฐใชใ‚‹ๅ…ˆ็”Ÿใซไผšใ„
02:37
participate in lots of groups
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ใ€ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎใ‚ฐใƒซใƒผใƒ—ใซๅ‚ๅŠ ใ—
02:39
and learn really specific vocabulary
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02:42
in all the different lessons
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02:43
that you can choose from.
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ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ้ธใถใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ™ในใฆใฎ็•ฐใชใ‚‹ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใงๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ็‰นๅฎšใฎ่ชžๅฝ™ใ‚’ๅญฆใถใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
02:44
So are you ready to start your Sprint?
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ใงใฏใ€ใ‚นใƒ—ใƒชใƒณใƒˆใ‚’้–‹ๅง‹ใ™ใ‚‹ๆบ–ๅ‚™ใฏใงใใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
02:47
Join now, just click on the link in the description box
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ไปŠใ™ใๅ‚ๅŠ  ใ—ใฆใ€่ชฌๆ˜Žใƒœใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใฎใƒชใƒณใ‚ฏใ‚’ใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ—ใ€
02:50
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02:54
on your deposit.
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02:55
Don't forget to check the FAQ section
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FAQใ‚ปใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใ‚’ใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ—ใฆใ€
02:57
before joining to make sure that it's right for you.
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่‡ชๅˆ†ใซๅˆใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
02:59
I am very excited for you.
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็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใซใจใฆใ‚‚่ˆˆๅฅฎใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:01
Best of luck and I can't wait to hear your feedback
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ๅนธ้‹ใ‚’็ฅˆใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚็ต‚ไบ†ใ— ใŸใ‚‰ใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ‰ใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚’ใŠๅพ…ใกใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™
03:04
when you finish.
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ใ€‚
03:05
Right, let's get started with the speaking mistakes.
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ใใ†ใงใ™ ใ€่ฉฑใ—ๆ–นใฎ้–“้•ใ„ใ‹ใ‚‰ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
03:09
Okay, the first mistake is the misuse of less and fewer.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ๆœ€ๅˆใฎ้–“้•ใ„ใฏ ใพใ™ใพใ™ๅฐ‘ใชใ„ใฎ่ชค็”จใงใ™ใ€‚
03:15
And this is a mistake that I myself make,
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ็ง่‡ช่บซใŒ็Šฏใ—ใŸ้–“้•ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
03:18
I here, will make it a lot.
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็งใฏใ“ใ“ใงใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’ใŸใใ•ใ‚“็Šฏใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:20
I hear my mum make it.
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ๆฏใŒใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆˆใ—้‚ใ’ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’่žใ„ใŸใ€‚
03:21
I don't know if it's regional.
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ๅœฐๅŸŸใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใฏใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใƒใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใŒๅคšใใฎๆ™‚้–“
03:23
I think it's just a mistake
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ใ‚’่ฒปใ‚„ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใฏ้–“้•ใ„ใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™
03:24
that native speakers make a lot of the time.
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ใ€‚ ๆญฃใ—ใ
03:27
If you manage to use less and fewer correctly,
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ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚Œใฐใ€็งใ‚’ๅซใ‚€ๅคšใใฎใƒใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚ไธŠๆ‰‹ใซ่ฉฑใ™
03:30
then you can confidently say
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ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใจ่‡ชไฟกใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆ่จ€ใˆ
03:31
that you speak better
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ใพใ™
03:33
than a lot of native speakers including me.
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ใ€‚
03:36
Let's take a look at this sentence.
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ใ“ใฎๆ–‡ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
03:38
It's incorrect, I warn you.
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ใใ‚Œใฏ้–“้•ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใซ่ญฆๅ‘Šใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:39
Don't write it down.
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ๆ›ธใ็•™ใ‚ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
03:40
There are less people than yesterday,
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ๆ˜จๆ—ฅใ‚ˆใ‚ŠไบบใŒๅฐ‘ใชใใ€ๆ˜จๆ—ฅ
03:42
there are less people than yesterday.
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ใ‚ˆใ‚ŠไบบใŒๅฐ‘ใชใ„ใ€‚
03:44
This should be corrected to
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ
03:47
there are fewer people than yesterday.
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ใ€ๆ˜จๆ—ฅใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚ไบบๆ•ฐใŒๅฐ‘ใชใใชใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซไฟฎๆญฃใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
03:50
Why is this?
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ใฉใ†ใ—ใฆใ“ใ‚Œใชใฎ๏ผŸ
03:51
Well, we use less with uncountable nouns
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ๅฏ็ฎ—ๅ่ฉžใงใฏไฝฟ็”จ้‡ใŒๅฐ‘ใชใใ€ๅฏ็ฎ—ๅ่ฉžใ‚„ไบบใงใฏไฝฟ็”จ้‡ใŒ
03:55
and fewer with countable nouns
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ๅฐ‘ใชใใ€
03:58
and people, it's countable noun.
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ๅฏ็ฎ—ๅ่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚
04:00
If you find it confusing,
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ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใซใใ„
04:02
you can think of it this way.
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ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่€ƒใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
04:03
Less is used with singular or uncountable nouns
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lessใฏๅ˜ๆ•ฐๅฝข ใพใŸใฏๅฏ็ฎ—ๅ่ฉž
04:07
and fewer is used with plural or countable nouns.
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ใงไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใ€lessใฏ ่ค‡ๆ•ฐๅฝขใพใŸใฏๅฏ็ฎ—ๅ่ฉžใงไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
04:11
Which one of these is correct?
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใฉใ‚ŒใŒๆญฃใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
04:13
The baby weighed fewer than two pounds at birth,
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่ตคใกใ‚ƒใ‚“ใฎไฝ“้‡ ใฏๅ‡บ็”Ÿๆ™‚2ใƒใƒณใƒ‰ๆœชๆบ€ใ€
04:17
or the baby weighed less than two pounds at birth.
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ใพใŸใฏ่ตคใกใ‚ƒใ‚“ใฎไฝ“้‡ ใฏๅ‡บ็”Ÿๆ™‚2ใƒใƒณใƒ‰ๆœชๆบ€ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
04:20
I'll give you a couple of seconds, less or fewer?
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็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใซๆ•ฐ ็ง’ใ€ใใ‚Œไปฅไธ‹ใพใŸใฏใใ‚Œไปฅไธ‹ใ‚’ไธŽใˆใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
04:24
(clock ticking)
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๏ผˆๆ™‚่จˆใฎๅˆปใฟ
04:26
It should be fewer.
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๏ผ‰ใ‚‚ใฃใจๅฐ‘ใชใใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
04:29
Pounds, plural countable noun.
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ใƒใƒณใƒ‰ใ€่ค‡ๆ•ฐๅฝขใฎๅฏ็ฎ—ๅ่ฉžใ€‚
04:31
Right, let's move on to three and four,
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ใใ†ใงใ™
04:33
our next two mistakes.
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ใ€ๆฌกใฎ2ใคใฎ้–“้•ใ„ใงใ‚ใ‚‹3ใคใจ4ใคใซ็งปใ‚Šใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
04:35
We're going to be looking at me and I.
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็งใจ็งใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใใพใ™ใ€‚
04:38
Once again, this is a mistake that I have made many times
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ ็งใŒ
04:41
in the past and every now and again,
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้ŽๅŽปใซไฝ•ๅบฆใ‚‚
04:43
I do make this mistake and my dad always corrects me.
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็Šฏใ—ใŸ้–“้•ใ„ใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€็งใฏใ“ใฎ้–“้•ใ„ใ‚’็Šฏใ— ใ€็ˆถใฏใ„ใคใ‚‚็งใ‚’ๆญฃใ—ใฆใใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
04:47
The issue is that many native speakers
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ๅ•้กŒใฏใ€ๅคšใใฎใƒใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผ
04:49
are taught to be wary of me,
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ใŒ็งใ‚’่ญฆๆˆ’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆ•™ใˆใ‚‰ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจ
04:52
not me in particular, the word me.
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ใงใ™ใ€‚็‰นใซ็งใงใฏใชใใ€็งใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
04:55
We're always told it shouldn't be him and me.
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็งใŸใกใฏใ„ใคใ‚‚ ๅฝผใจ็งใงใ‚ใฃใฆใฏใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใจ่จ€ใ‚ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:57
It should be him and I.
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ใใ‚Œใฏๅฝผใจ็งใงใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Š
05:00
But this isn't always correct.
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ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅธธใซๆญฃใ—ใ„ใจใฏ้™ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
05:01
It depends on the placement.
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้…็ฝฎใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆ็•ฐใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
05:03
Have a look at this sentence.
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ใ“ใฎๆ–‡ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
05:05
They gave it to him and I,
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅฝผใจ็งใซไธŽใˆใพใ—ใŸใ€
05:08
they gave it to him and I,
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅฝผใจ็งใซไธŽใˆใพใ—ใŸใ€
05:10
this is incorrect, it should be,
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้–“้•ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€ใใ†ใ‚ใ‚‹ในใใงใ™ใ€
05:12
they gave it to him and me.
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅฝผใจ็งใซไธŽใˆใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
05:15
Now there's quite a simple trick for checking
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ไปŠ
05:17
if it should be him and I or him and me.
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ใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒๅฝผใจ็งใ€ใพใŸใฏๅฝผใจ็งใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใฎ้žๅธธใซ็ฐกๅ˜ใชใƒˆใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
05:20
Remove the him and and see if it fits.
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ๅฝผใ‚’ๅ‰Š้™คใ—ใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒๅŽใพใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:25
They gave it to I doesn't fit,
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ
05:27
they gave it to me does fit,
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็งใซใใ‚Œใ‚’ไธŽใˆใพใ—ใŸ็งใฏ้ฉๅˆใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ็งใซใใ‚Œใ‚’ไธŽใˆใพใ—ใŸ้ฉๅˆใ—ใพใ™ใ€
05:32
we're going to be focusing on subject verb agreement.
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็งใŸใกใฏ ไธป่ชžใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใฎไธ€่‡ดใซ็„ฆ็‚นใ‚’ๅฝ“ใฆใ‚‹ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚
05:36
This is one of the first things you learn in English.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่‹ฑ่ชžใงๆœ€ๅˆใซๅญฆใถใ“ใจใฎไธ€ใคใงใ™ใ€‚
05:38
But it's hard, it can get quite complicated
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ้›ฃใ—ใใ€ ้žๅธธใซ่ค‡้›‘ใซใชใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Š
05:41
and we often make mistakes.
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ใ€็งใŸใกใฏใ—ใฐใ—ใฐ้–“้•ใ„ใ‚’็Šฏใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:42
I often hear sentences like this,
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็งใฏใ‚ˆใใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชๆ–‡็ซ ใ‚’่žใ
05:45
one of you are gonna get hurt,
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ใพใ™ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎไธ€ไบบใฏๆ€ชๆˆ‘ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎไธ€ไบบใฏๆ€ชๆˆ‘ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€
05:47
one of you are going to get hurt
135
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05:49
and to my ear, it doesn't actually sound too bad
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ใใ—ใฆ็งใฎ่€ณใซใฏใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏใใ‚Œใปใฉๆ‚ชใใฏ่žใ“ใˆ
05:53
but it is technically grammatically incorrect.
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ใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ๆŠ€่ก“ ็š„ใซๆ–‡ๆณ•็š„ใซ้–“้•ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:56
It should be one of you is going to get hurt.
138
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ใ‘ใŒใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎไธ€ไบบ ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
06:01
One of you is going to get hurt
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฎไธ€ไบบใ€ใ‚ใชใŸ
06:02
because there is is agreeing with one of you,
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06:06
one of this group of you, one is.
141
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ใฎใ“ใฎใ‚ฐใƒซใƒผใƒ—ใฎไธ€ไบบใ€ไธ€ไบบใŒๅŒๆ„ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎไธ€ไบบใฏๆ€ชๆˆ‘ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
06:10
Have a look at this next one,
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ใ“ใฎๆฌกใฎใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€
06:12
which one do you think is correct?
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใฉใ‚ŒใŒๆญฃใ—ใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
06:15
Neither car are very fast, neither car is very fast.
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ใฉใกใ‚‰ใฎ่ปŠใ‚‚้žๅธธใซ้ซ˜้€Ÿใงใฏใชใใ€ใฉใกใ‚‰ใฎ่ปŠใ‚‚้žๅธธใซ้ซ˜้€Ÿใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚
06:20
Are or is, I'll give you a couple of seconds.
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ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€็งใฏ ใ‚ใชใŸใซๆ•ฐ็ง’ไธŽใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
06:23
(clock ticking)
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๏ผˆๆ™‚่จˆๅˆปใฟ๏ผ‰ใใ†ใ‚ใ‚‹
06:27
It should be is.
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ในใใงใ™ใ€‚
06:30
Neither means not this one, nor this one.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‚ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‚ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
06:34
Neither is singular.
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ใฉใกใ‚‰ใ‚‚็‰น็•ฐใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
06:37
Last one, see if you can get it,
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ๆœ€ๅพŒใซใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆ‰‹ใซๅ…ฅใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใ€
06:38
each of the plates are broken,
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ๅ„ใƒ—ใƒฌใƒผใƒˆใŒๅฃŠใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹
06:41
or each of the plates is broken.
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ใ‹ใ€ใพใŸใฏๅ„ใƒ—ใƒฌใƒผใƒˆใŒๅฃŠใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
06:43
Give you a couple of seconds.
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ๆ•ฐ็ง’ๅพ…ใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
06:44
(clock ticking)
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๏ผˆๆ™‚่จˆใฎๅˆปใฟ๏ผ‰
06:46
It should be is again,
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ใพใŸ
06:49
each one, each individual singular is broken.
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ใ€ใใ‚Œใžใ‚Œใ€ๅ€‹ใ€…ใฎ ๅ˜ๆ•ฐใŒๅฃŠใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฏใšใงใ™ใ€‚
06:53
I personally find those quite tricky.
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็งใฏๅ€‹ไบบ็š„ใซใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ใ‹ใชใ‚Šใƒˆใƒชใƒƒใ‚ญใƒผใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:55
It might seem absolutely obvious to you
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใซใฏ็ตถๅฏพใซๆ˜Ž็™ฝใซๆ€ใˆใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
06:58
but to me, I really do find that quite hard.
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ใŒใ€็งใซใฏใ€ใใ‚Œ ใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ้›ฃใ—ใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:01
I find strange things quite hard,
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07:03
like the difference
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07:04
between take and bring and left and right.
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ใƒ†ใ‚คใ‚ฏใ‚ขใƒณใƒ‰ใƒ–ใƒชใƒณใ‚ฐใจใƒฌใƒ•ใƒˆใจใƒฉใ‚คใƒˆใฎ้•ใ„ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ๅฅ‡ๅฆ™ใชใ“ใจใŒใ‹ใชใ‚Š้›ฃใ—ใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:07
Would you believe it?
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ไฟกใ˜ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
07:08
It's funny how everyone's brains work.
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ใฟใ‚“ใชใฎ่„ณใฎๅƒใใŒใŠใ‹ใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
07:10
Let's take a look at the articles a and an.
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่จ˜ไบ‹aใจanใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
07:14
This is a very common mistake that I hear,
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ็งใŒ่žใ้žๅธธใซใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚‹้–“้•ใ„ใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€
07:16
normally made by learners of English.
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้€šๅธธใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎๅญฆ็ฟ’่€…ใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆๅผ•ใ่ตทใ“ใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅคใ„ใƒ‰ใƒฌใ‚นใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใช
07:19
I might hear them say something like it's a old dress.
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ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’่จ€ใ†ใฎใ‚’่žใใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚
07:23
It's a old dress
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ใใ‚Œ
07:25
where it should be, it's an old dress.
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ใฏใ‚ใ‚‹ในใใจใ“ใ‚ใซใ‚ใ‚‹ๅคใ„ใƒ‰ใƒฌใ‚นใงใ™ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๅคใ„ใƒ‰ใƒฌใ‚นใงใ™ใ€‚
07:29
We use an because the word that comes after the article
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่จ˜ไบ‹ใฎๅพŒใซ็ถšใๅ˜่ชžใŒ
07:34
begins with a vowel sound, an old, an old,
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ๆฏ้Ÿณใ€ๅคใ„ใ€ๅคใ„ใ€ๅคใ„ใ€ๅคใ„ใ€ๅคใ„
07:39
it's actually hard to say a old, a old, a old,
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ใจ่จ€ใ†ใฎใฏๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏ้›ฃใ—ใ„ใฎใงใ€็งใŸใกใฏไฝฟ็”จใ—
07:44
you need to do a little tiny glottal stop.
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ใพใ™ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅฐ‘ใ—ๅฐใ•ใชๅฃฐ้–€็ ด่ฃ‚้Ÿณใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
07:47
Another one, it's a amazing deal.
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ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ใคใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ้ฉšใในใๅ–ๅผ•ใงใ™ใ€‚
07:50
It's a amazing deal.
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ใใ‚Œใฏ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ๅ–ๅผ•ใงใ™ใ€‚
07:52
It should be.
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ใใฎใฏใšใ€‚
07:53
It's an amazing deal.
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ใใ‚Œใฏ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ๅ–ๅผ•ใงใ™ใ€‚
07:55
It's an amazing deal.
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ใใ‚Œใฏ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ๅ–ๅผ•ใงใ™ใ€‚
07:57
I used to live with an Italian girl
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็งใฏใจใฆใ‚‚่‰ฏใ„ๅ‹้”ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚คใ‚ฟใƒชใ‚ขไบบใฎๅฅณใฎๅญใจไธ€็ท’ใซไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€
07:59
who's a very good friend
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08:00
and she often made the mistake of actually doing this
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ใใ—ใฆๅฝผๅฅณใฏใ—ใฐใ—ใฐ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ๅฎŸ้š›ใซ้€†ใซ่กŒใ†ใจใ„ใ†้–“้•ใ„ใ‚’็Šฏใ—
08:03
the other way around.
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ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
08:04
Because with words that began with an H sound /h/ like hat,
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ๅธฝๅญใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชH้Ÿณ/ h /ใงๅง‹ใพใ‚‹ๅ˜่ชžใงใฏใ€
08:10
she wouldn't pronounce that consonant sound,
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ใใฎๅญ้Ÿณ
08:12
she would start it with the /a/ vowel sound instead,
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ใ‚’็™บ้Ÿณใ› ใšใ€ไปฃใ‚ใ‚Šใซ/ a /ๆฏ้Ÿณใง้–‹ๅง‹ใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚
08:15
she would say at instead of hat.
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ใ€ๅธฝๅญใฎไปฃใ‚ใ‚Šใซatใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:19
So she said I have bought an at.
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ใใ‚Œใงๅฝผๅฅณใฏ็งใŒใง่ฒทใฃใŸใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
08:22
I have bought an at.
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ใง่ณผๅ…ฅใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
08:24
And I thought that was a very very interesting thing
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ ใจใฆใ‚‚้ข็™ฝใ„ใ“ใจใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
08:27
because she was correctly making the calculations
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ใชใœใชใ‚‰ใ€ๅฝผๅฅณใฏ
08:30
of whether she should say a or an,
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aใจanใฎใฉใกใ‚‰ใ‚’่จ€ใ†ในใใ‹ใ‚’ๆญฃใ—ใ่จˆ็ฎ—ใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
08:32
it's just was that
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ€
08:34
she was pronouncing the following word incorrectly.
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ๅฝผๅฅณใŒ ๆฌกใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚’้–“้•ใฃใฆ็™บ้Ÿณใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚
08:36
There are some dialects and accents like the cockney accent
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ใ‚ณใƒƒใ‚ฏใƒ‹ใƒผใฎใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ
08:40
where they often drop the H's.
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ใ€Hใ‚’่ฝใจใ™ใ“ใจใŒๅคšใ„ๆ–น่จ€ใ‚„ใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใŒใ„ใใคใ‹ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
08:42
I wonder if they would say I bought an hat
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ๅธฝๅญใ‚’่ฒทใ†ไปฃใ‚ใ‚Šใซๅธฝๅญใ‚’่ฒทใฃใŸใจ่จ€ใ‚ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใฎใงใฏใชใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹
08:46
instead of I bought a hat.
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ใ€‚
08:49
I'm not sure.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ€‚
08:50
I have to ask someone
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08:51
because that seems really interesting.
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ใใ‚Œใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ้ข็™ฝใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€็งใฏ่ชฐใ‹ใซๅฐ‹ใญใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
08:53
Next we're going to look at the difference
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ๆฌกใซใ€ๆจชใจๆจชใฎ้•ใ„ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใใพใ™
08:54
between beside and besides,
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08:56
these are commonly confused words.
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ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏใ‚ˆใๆททๅŒใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่จ€่‘‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
08:59
Take a look at this sentence.
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ใ“ใฎๆ–‡ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
09:01
She sat besides the river.
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ๅฝผๅฅณใฏๅทใฎใใฐใซๅบงใฃใŸใ€‚
09:03
She sat besides the river.
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ๅฝผๅฅณใฏๅทใฎใใฐใซๅบงใฃใŸใ€‚
09:05
This is wrong.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้–“้•ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:06
It should be, she sat beside the river,
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ€ๅฝผๅฅณใŒๅทใฎใใฐใซๅบงใฃใฆใ„ใŸใฏใš
09:10
beside means next to,
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09:13
besides means in addition to.
211
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ใงใ™ใ€‚
09:16
Can you tell me
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09:17
which of these next two sentences is correct?
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ๆฌกใฎ2ใคใฎ ๆ–‡ใฎใฉใกใ‚‰ใŒๆญฃใ—ใ„ใ‹ๆ•™ใˆใฆใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
09:19
I could never be a dancer.
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็งใฏใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ตใƒผใซใชใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
09:21
Beside, I'm too old now.
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ใใ‚Œใซใ€็งใฏใ‚‚ใ†ๅนดใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚Šใ™ใŽใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:24
Or I could never be a dancer.
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ใพใŸใฏ็งใฏใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ตใƒผใซใชใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
09:26
Besides, I'm too old now.
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ใใฎไธŠใ€็งใฏใ‚‚ใ†ๅนดใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚Šใ™ใŽใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:29
Which one do you think is right?
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ใฉใกใ‚‰ใŒๆญฃใ—ใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
09:30
I'll give you a couple of seconds.
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ๆ•ฐ็ง’ใŠ่ฉฑใ—ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:31
(clock ticking)
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๏ผˆๆ™‚่จˆๅˆปใฟ๏ผ‰
09:35
It is besides, in addition, in addition to that,
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ใใฎไธŠใ€ใใ‚Œ ใซๅŠ ใˆใฆใ€
09:38
I'm too old now.
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็งใฏใ‚‚ใ†ๅนดใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚Šใ™ใŽใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:40
Next, let's look at a very common mistake.
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ๆฌกใซใ€้žๅธธใซใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚‹้–“้•ใ„ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
09:43
The mistake of repeating the subject.
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ไธป้กŒใ‚’็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ™ใ“ใจใฎ้–“้•ใ„ใ€‚
09:46
I hear this all the time.
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็งใฏใ„ใคใ‚‚ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่žใใพใ™ใ€‚
09:48
Take a look at this sentence.
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ใ“ใฎๆ–‡ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
09:50
My friend she's coming with me.
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ๅฝผๅฅณใŒ็งใจไธ€็ท’ใซๆฅใฆใ„ใ‚‹็งใฎๅ‹ไบบใ€‚
09:52
My friend she's coming with me.
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ๅฝผๅฅณใŒ็งใจไธ€็ท’ใซๆฅใฆใ„ใ‚‹็งใฎๅ‹ไบบใ€‚
09:55
It should be my friend is coming with me.
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ใใ‚Œใฏ็งใฎๅ‹ไบบใŒ็งใจไธ€็ท’ใซๆฅใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฏใšใงใ™ใ€‚
09:58
You don't need to repeat the subject.
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ไปถๅใ‚’็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ™ๅฟ…่ฆใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
10:01
It's either my friend is coming with me
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ใใ‚Œใฏ็งใฎๅ‹ไบบใŒ็งใจไธ€็ท’ใซๆฅใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€ๅฝผๅฅณใŒ็งใจไธ€็ท’ใซๆฅใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฎใฉใกใ‚‰ใ‹
10:03
or she is coming with me.
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ใงใ™ใ€‚
10:06
By saying my friend she's coming with me,
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ๅฝผๅฅณใŒ็งใจไธ€็ท’ใซๆฅใ‚‹็งใฎๅ‹ไบบใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆใ€
10:09
you are saying the same thing twice.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅŒใ˜ใ“ใจใ‚’ไบŒๅบฆ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
10:11
Another example, my handwriting it's improving.
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ๅˆฅใฎไพ‹ใ€็ง ใฎๆ‰‹ๆ›ธใใฏๆ”นๅ–„ใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
10:16
My handwriting it's improving.
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็งใฎๆ‰‹ๆ›ธใใฏ่‰ฏใใชใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
10:18
This should be my handwriting's improving,
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ
10:21
or my handwriting is improving.
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็งใฎๆ‰‹ๆ›ธใใŒๆ”นๅ–„ใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€็งใฎๆ‰‹ๆ›ธใใŒๆ”นๅ–„ใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฏใšใงใ™ใ€‚
10:24
No need to repeat yourself, we got you.
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็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ™ๅฟ…่ฆใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€็งใŸใกใฏใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ๆ‰‹ใซๅ…ฅใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
10:26
Next, let's take a look at the incorrect use of nobody,
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ๆฌกใซใ€่ชฐใ‹ ใงใฏใชใใ€่ชฐใ‚‚้–“้•ใฃใฆไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
10:30
instead of anybody.
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ใ€‚
10:32
Now, I'm not going to say that this is always incorrect
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ใ•ใฆใ€
10:35
because it forms part of dialects.
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ๆ–น่จ€ใฎไธ€้ƒจใ‚’ๅฝขๆˆใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒๅธธใซ้–“้•ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใ†ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
10:37
It's quite cool slang as well.
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ใ‹ใชใ‚Šใ‚ฏใƒผใƒซใชใ‚นใƒฉใƒณใ‚ฐใงใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
10:39
But if you're looking to write correct English
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—
10:41
in an exam or something like that,
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ใ€่ฉฆ้จ“ใชใฉ
10:43
it's important to notice, take a look at this sentence.
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ใงๆญฃใ—ใ„่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ๆ›ธใ ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใ“ใฎๆ–‡ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
10:46
I don't need nobody's money.
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็งใฏ่ชฐใฎใŠ้‡‘ใ‚‚ๅฟ…่ฆใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
10:49
I don't need nobody's money.
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็งใฏ่ชฐใฎใŠ้‡‘ใ‚‚ๅฟ…่ฆใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
10:51
Now grammatically, this sentence is wrong.
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ๆ–‡ๆณ•็š„ใซใ€ใ“ใฎๆ–‡ใฏ้–“้•ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
10:53
Although it sounds right,
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ใใ‚Œใฏๆญฃใ—ใ„
10:54
you'll hear in music all the time.
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ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ„ใคใ‚‚้Ÿณๆฅฝใง่žใใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
10:55
It's like extra emphasis.
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ใใ‚Œใฏ็‰นๅˆฅใชๅผท่ชฟใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
10:57
But it's actually a double negative.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใใ‚ŒใฏๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏไบŒ้‡ๅฆๅฎšใงใ™ใ€‚
10:59
It should be, I don't need anybody's money.
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ใใ†ใ‚ใ‚‹ในใใงใ™ใ€็งใฏ ่ชฐใฎใŠ้‡‘ใ‚‚ๅฟ…่ฆใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
11:03
By saying nobody, you're doubling up on that negative.
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่ชฐใ‚‚่จ€ใ‚ใชใ„ใ“ใจใงใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ ใใฎใƒใ‚ฌใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใ‚’ๅ€ๅข—ใ•ใ›ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
11:06
Another example, I didn't meet nobody at the party.
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ๅˆฅใฎไพ‹ใจใ—ใฆใ€็งใฏ ใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใง่ชฐใซใ‚‚ไผšใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
11:10
I didn't meet nobody at the party.
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็งใฏใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใง่ชฐใซใ‚‚ไผšใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
11:12
Technically, it should be,
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ๆŠ€่ก“็š„ใซใฏใ€ใใ†ใ‚ใ‚‹ในใใงใ™ใ€
11:14
I didn't meet anybody at the party.
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็งใฏใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใง่ชฐใซใ‚‚ไผšใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
11:16
Moving on, let's have a look at would have,
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ๆฌกใซใ€ ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€
11:19
should have and could have.
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ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ในใใ€ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
11:21
I actually made a video all about would have,
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็งใฏๅฎŸ้š›ใซใ€ ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹
11:23
should have and could have.
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ใฏใšใฎใ€ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ในใใ€ใใ—ใฆๆŒใคใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ™ในใฆใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ไฝœๆˆใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
11:24
I will link it down below because it's very useful.
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ใจใฆใ‚‚ไพฟๅˆฉใชใฎใงใ€ไปฅไธ‹ใซใƒชใƒณใ‚ฏใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚
11:26
I know a lot of students struggle with it.
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ๅคšใใฎๅญฆ็”ŸใŒใใ‚Œใซ่‹ฆๅŠดใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็งใฏ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
11:28
But there is a common mistake used by native speakers again,
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ใ—ใ‹ใ— ใ€ใƒใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใŒๅ†ใณไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใช้–“้•ใ„
11:33
because we have the reduction of have,
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11:35
would have, should have, could have.
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ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฏใšใฎใ€ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฏใšใฎใ€ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใฎใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใŒๆธ›ใฃใŸใŸใ‚ใงใ™ใ€‚
11:38
This has been misinterpreted over the years
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏไฝ•ๅนดใซใ‚‚ใ‚ใŸใฃใฆ่ชค่งฃใ•ใ‚ŒใฆใŠใ‚Š
11:40
and people are saying would have,
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ใ€ไบบใ€…ใฏๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€
11:42
should have and could have.
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702739
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ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ในใใ€ใใ—ใฆๆŒใคใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
11:44
But this is technically incorrect.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒใฏๆŠ€่ก“็š„ใซๆญฃใ—ใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
11:46
And example is you could have said, you could have said.
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ใใ—ใฆไพ‹ใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒ ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใŸใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใŸใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
11:50
It's very hard to hear that slight difference.
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ใใฎใ‚ใšใ‹ใช้•ใ„ใ‚’่žใใฎใฏ้žๅธธใซ้›ฃใ—ใ„ ใงใ™ใ€‚
11:52
It should be could have said
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ใใ‚Œใฏ่จ€ใ†
11:54
or she shouldn't have done that,
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ในใใ ใฃใŸใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏๅฝผๅฅณใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ในใใงใฏใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ€
11:56
she shouldn't have done that.
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ๅฝผๅฅณใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ในใใงใฏใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
11:58
It's much clearer to see in written English
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ๆ›ธ้ขใง่‹ฑ่ชžใง่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ๆ–นใŒใฏใ‚‹ใ‹ใซๆ˜Ž็ขบ
12:00
or I would have helped you,
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12:03
should be I would have helped you.
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ใงใ™ใ€‚ใใ†ใงใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใ€็งใŒใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ๅŠฉใ‘ใŸใฏใšใงใ™ใ€‚
12:06
It's a very subtle difference in spoken English,
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่ฉฑใ—่จ€่‘‰ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžใซใฏ้žๅธธใซๅพฎๅฆ™ใช ้•ใ„
12:09
but there's a very clear difference in written English.
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ใŒใ‚ใ‚Š ใพใ™ใŒใ€ๆ›ธใ่จ€่‘‰ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžใซใฏ้žๅธธใซๆ˜Ž็ขบใช้•ใ„ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
12:11
Finally, we have our last two mistakes.
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ๆœ€ๅพŒใซใ€ๆœ€ๅพŒใฎ2ใคใฎ้–“้•ใ„ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
12:14
This is one I read on a daily basis
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ
12:17
in my comments section.
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็งใŒใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใ‚ปใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใงๆฏŽๆ—ฅ่ชญใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
12:19
My lovely students asked me
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็งใฎ็ด ๆ•ตใชๅญฆ็”Ÿใฏ็ง
12:21
if I've visited their country
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ใŒๅฝผใ‚‰ใฎๅ›ฝใ‚’่จชใ‚ŒใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹็ง
12:23
and they asked me, "Have you ever been in India?
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ใซๅฐ‹ใญใพใ—ใŸใ€ใใ—ใฆๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ็งใซใ€Œ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ‚คใƒณใƒ‰ใซ่กŒใฃใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹
12:26
Have you ever been in London?
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๏ผŸใ‚ใชใŸใฏใƒญใƒณใƒ‰ใƒณใซ่กŒใฃใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
12:29
Have you ever been in Italy?"
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ‚คใ‚ฟใƒชใ‚ขใซ่กŒใฃใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€ใจๅฐ‹ใญใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
12:31
For example, is the difference
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใจใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฎ
12:33
between being in and being to.
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้•ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
12:35
To have been in means it's a lasting action,
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ๅ‚ๅŠ ใ—ใŸใจใ„ใ† ใ“ใจใฏใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒๆฐธ็ถš็š„ใช่กŒๅ‹•ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€
12:38
which is still true.
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ใใ‚ŒใฏไปŠใงใ‚‚็œŸๅฎŸใงใ™ใ€‚ ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€
12:39
I've been in here filming for three hours, for example,
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็งใฏใ“ใ“ใง3ๆ™‚้–“ๆ’ฎๅฝฑใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€
12:43
and I'm still here.
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ใพใ ใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
12:44
When you visit or travel to somewhere,
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใฉใ“ใ‹ใซ่จชๅ•ใ—ใŸใ‚Šๆ—…่กŒใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใ€
12:46
you can say that you've been to that location.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒใใฎๅ ดๆ‰€ใซ่กŒใฃใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใ ใพใ™ใ€‚
12:49
We use it to talk about our travelling experiences.
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็งใŸใกใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆ ็งใŸใกใฎๆ—…่กŒไฝ“้จ“ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
12:52
I've been in London before
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็งใฏๅ‰ใซใƒญใƒณใƒ‰ใƒณใซ่กŒใฃใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใฏใšใงใ™็งใฏๅ‰ใซใƒญใƒณใƒ‰ใƒณใซ่กŒใฃใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚‹
12:53
should be I've been to London before
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ใฏใš
12:56
Have you been in India?
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ใงใ™ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ‚คใƒณใƒ‰ใซ่กŒใฃใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
12:58
Have you been to India?
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ใ‚คใƒณใƒ‰ใซ่กŒใฃใŸใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
13:00
Right, that is it for today's lesson.
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ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใฏไปฅไธŠใงใ™ใ€‚
13:03
I hope you enjoyed it and I hope you learned something.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆฅฝใ—ใ‚“ใ ใ“ใจใ‚’ ้ก˜ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€ใใ—ใฆใ‚ใชใŸใŒไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๅญฆใ‚“ใ ใ“ใจใ‚’้ก˜ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
13:05
Now it is time for you to complete the quiz on that PDF.
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ๆฌกใซ ใ€ใใฎPDFใฎใ‚ฏใ‚คใ‚บใ‚’ๅฎŒไบ†ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
13:09
If you'd like to download it,
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ใƒ€ใ‚ฆใƒณใƒญใƒผใƒ‰ใ—ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆ
13:10
all you've got to do is click on the link
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ใฏใ€่ชฌๆ˜Žใƒœใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใฎใƒชใƒณใ‚ฏใ‚’ใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ—ใฆ
13:12
in the description box,
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13:13
you enter your name and your email address.
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ใ€ๅๅ‰ใจใƒกใƒผใƒซใ‚ขใƒ‰ใƒฌใ‚นใ‚’ๅ…ฅๅŠ›ใ™ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใ™ ใ€‚
13:16
You sign up to my mailing list
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็งใฎใƒกใƒผใƒชใƒณใ‚ฐใƒชใ‚นใƒˆใซใ‚ตใ‚คใƒณใ‚ขใƒƒใƒ—ใ™ใ‚‹
13:18
and the PDF will arrive directly in your inbox
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ใจใ€PDFใŒ ๅ—ไฟกใƒˆใƒฌใ‚คใซ็›ดๆŽฅๅฑŠใใพใ™ใ€‚
13:20
and then every week after that,
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ใใฎๅพŒใ€ๆฏŽ้€ฑ
13:22
you will automatically receive my lesson PDFs
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ใ€ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใฎPDF
13:25
and all of my news course updates and offers.
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ใจใ™ในใฆใฎใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใ‚ณใƒผใ‚นใฎ ๆ›ดๆ–ฐใจใ‚ชใƒ•ใ‚กใƒผใŒ่‡ชๅ‹•็š„ใซ้€ไฟกใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ ่จ€่ชžใ‚นใƒ—ใƒชใƒณใƒˆใง
13:28
Don't forget to check out Lingoda
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Lingodaใ‚’ใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚ขใ‚ฆใƒˆใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
13:29
with their Language Sprint
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13:31
just click on the link in the description box
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่ชฌๆ˜Žใƒœใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใฎใƒชใƒณใ‚ฏใ‚’ใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏ
13:33
and use my code for 20 euros off your deposit.
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ใ—ใฆใ€ใƒ‡ใƒใ‚ธใƒƒใƒˆใ‹ใ‚‰20ใƒฆใƒผใƒญใง็งใฎใ‚ณใƒผใƒ‰ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ็งใฎใ™ในใฆใฎใ‚ฝใƒผใ‚ทใƒฃใƒซใƒกใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ข
13:37
Don't forget to connect with me on all of my social media.
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ใง็งใจใคใชใŒใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚
13:39
I've got my Instagram @Lucy
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Instagram @Lucy
13:41
and my website englishwithlucy.co.uk
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ใจใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆ
13:44
where I've got an awesome pronunciation tool
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englishwithlucy.co.ukใŒใ‚ใ‚Š
13:46
where you can click on phonemes
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ใ€้Ÿณ็ด ใ‚’ใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ—ใฆ
13:48
and hear how I pronounce those phonemes
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ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ้Ÿณ็ด ใจใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ้Ÿณ็ด ใ‚’ๅซใ‚€ๅ˜่ชžใฎ็™บ้Ÿณใ‚’่žใใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„็™บ้Ÿณใƒ„ใƒผใƒซใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
13:50
and words containing those phonemes, it's very fun,
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ใจใฆใ‚‚ๆฅฝใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€
13:53
/i/, word, no.
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/ i /ใ€ๅ˜่ชžใ€ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€‚
14:01
I've also got my personal channel
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ใพใŸ
14:03
where I document and vlog my life here
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14:06
in the English countryside
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ใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใฎ็”ฐ่ˆŽใงใฎ็”Ÿๆดปใ‚’่จ˜้Œฒใ—
14:07
and all of the vlogs are fully subtitled
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ใฆvlogใ™ใ‚‹ๅ€‹ไบบใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใ™ในใฆใฎvlogใซใฏๅฎŒๅ…จใชๅญ—ๅน•ใŒไป˜ใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹
14:10
so that you can use them for listening practise
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ใฎใงใ€ ใƒชใ‚นใƒ‹ใƒณใ‚ฐใฎ็ทด็ฟ’
14:12
and to improve your vocabulary.
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ใ‚„่ชžๅฝ™ใฎๅ‘ไธŠใซไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
14:14
I will see you soon for another lesson.
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ใพใŸๅˆฅใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใงใŠไผšใ„ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
14:16
(lips smacking)
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๏ผˆๅ”‡ใ‚’ๅฉใ๏ผ‰
14:17
(bright music)
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๏ผˆๆ˜Žใ‚‹ใ„้Ÿณๆฅฝ๏ผ‰
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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