Advanced English Listening And Vocabulary Practice - Conversational American English - Camping

121,894 views

2019-03-12 ใƒป EnglishAnyone


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Advanced English Listening And Vocabulary Practice - Conversational American English - Camping

121,894 views ใƒป 2019-03-12

EnglishAnyone


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:02
Well, hello, and welcome to this month's Phrase Builder lesson.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ไปŠๆœˆใฎ Phrase Builder ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใธใ‚ˆใ†ใ“ใใ€‚
00:05
It is a pleasure to welcome you back if you've been with us for a while, and hello if you
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ใ—ใฐใ‚‰ใใฎ้–“ใ€็งใŸใกใจไธ€็ท’ใซใ„ใ‚‰ใฃใ—ใ‚ƒใฃใŸใฎใงใ‚ใ‚Œใฐใ€ใพใŸใ‚ˆใ‚ใ—ใใŠ้ก˜ใ„ใ—
00:10
are new.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:11
This month I have another exciting lesson, something different that we haven't really
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ไปŠๆœˆใฏๅˆฅใฎใ‚จใ‚ญใ‚ตใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒณใ‚ฐใชใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณ ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใใ‚Œใฏใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใพใงใ‚ใพใ‚Š่ฉฑใ—ใŸใ“ใจใฎใชใ„ๅˆฅใฎใ“ใจ
00:14
talked about before.
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ใงใ™ใ€‚
00:16
But I thought it would be a lot of fun to sit down with my younger sister, Emily, who
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ใงใ‚‚ใ€ไปฅๅ‰ใƒ—ใƒญใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ ใซๅ‚ๅŠ ใ— ใŸใ“ใจใฎใ‚ใ‚‹ๅฆนใฎใ‚จใƒŸใƒชใƒผใจไธ€็ท’ใซๅบงใ‚‹ใฎใฏใจใฆใ‚‚ๆฅฝใ—ใ„ใ ใ‚ใ†ใจๆ€ใ„
00:20
has joined us on the program before.
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ใพใ—ใŸ.
00:23
And just talk about camping, which she and I both enjoy doing, though I haven't really
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ๅฝผๅฅณใจ็งใฏใ‚ญใƒฃใƒณใƒ—ใ‚’ ๆฅฝใ—ใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™
00:26
done so much of it lately.
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ใŒใ€ๆœ€่ฟ‘ใฏใ‚ใพใ‚Š่กŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
00:28
Anyway, so we'll be talking about not only just some interesting camping things, and
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ใจใซใ‹ใใ€่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„ใ‚ญใƒฃใƒณใƒ—ใฎใ“ใจใ ใ‘ใงใชใ
00:33
you'll see that in the conversation.
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ใ€ไผš่ฉฑใฎไธญใงใใ‚ŒใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
00:34
Uh, but in this lesson, we'll be talking as usual, uh, just about some of the shorter
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ใˆใˆใจใ€ใงใ‚‚ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใงใฏใ€ ใ„ใคใ‚‚ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใˆใˆใจใ€ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎ็Ÿญใ„
00:39
words and even longer words and then phrases and expressions that you'll find in the conversation
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ๅ˜่ชžใจใ•ใ‚‰ใซ้•ทใ„ๅ˜่ชžใ€ใใ—ใฆ
00:44
that are not specifically related to camping.
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ใ‚ญใƒฃใƒณใƒ—ใซ็‰นใซ้–ขไฟ‚ใฎใชใ„ไผš่ฉฑใง่ฆ‹ใคใ‹ใ‚‹ใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใ‚„่กจ็พใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™.
00:47
But it will prepare you for the conversation.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏไผš่ฉฑใฎๆบ–ๅ‚™ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
00:49
Then, in the Fluency Corner lesson coming up next, we will talk more about that, and
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ใใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ๆฌกๅ›žใฎใƒ•ใƒซใƒผใ‚จใƒณใ‚ทใƒผ ใ‚ณใƒผใƒŠใƒผใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณ ใงใ€ใใ‚Œ
00:54
I'll explain more about the specific things, uh, related to camping and outdoors and other
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ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉณใ—ใ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ…ทไฝ“็š„ใชใ“ใจใ€ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ‚ญใƒฃใƒณใƒ—ใ‚„ใ‚ขใ‚ฆใƒˆใƒ‰ใ‚ขใชใฉใซ้–ข้€ฃใ™ใ‚‹
00:59
things like that.
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ใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉณใ—ใ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:00
So, let's get into the lesson.
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใซๅ…ฅใ‚Šใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
01:02
First, we have upstage.
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ใพใšใ€่ˆžๅฐ่ฃใงใ™ใ€‚
01:04
To upstage someone.
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่ชฐใ‹ใ‚’ไธŠๆผ”ใ™ใ‚‹ใ€‚
01:06
Now, this is a phrase, or actually a word, excuse me, from the theater.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒใฏๅŠ‡ๅ ดใ‹ใ‚‰ใฎใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใ€ใพใŸใฏๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏ่จ€่‘‰ใงใ™ใ€ ใ™ใฟใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
01:10
Uh, so if you think about being on a stage, like, being upstage or downstage, how close
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ใˆใˆใจใ€ใ‚นใƒ†ใƒผใ‚ธไธŠใซใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’่€ƒใˆใ‚‹ใจ ใ€ใ‚นใƒ†ใƒผใ‚ธใฎไธŠใ‹ไธ‹ใ‹ใ€่ฆณๅฎขใจใฉใ‚Œใ ใ‘่ฟ‘ใ„ใ‹ใจใ„ใ†
01:15
you are to the audience.
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ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
01:16
So, when you're upstaging someone, you don't have to be in an actual play or some theater
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€่ชฐใ‹ใ‚’ไธŠๆผ”ใ™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่กŒใ† ใŸใ‚ใซๅฎŸ้š›ใฎๆผ”ๅŠ‡ใ‚„ๆผ”ๅŠ‡ใซๅ‚ๅŠ 
01:21
thing to do this.
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ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
01:22
This just means to take attention away from someone else because your performance is better
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ใ“ใ‚Œ ใฏใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎใƒ‘ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒžใƒณใ‚นใŒไฝ•ใ‚‰ใ‹ใฎๅฝขใงๅ„ชใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€ไป–ใฎไบบใ‹ใ‚‰ๆณจๆ„ใ‚’ใใ‚‰ใ™ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™
01:28
in some way.
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.
01:29
Now again, this idea just comes from the theater.
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็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใฎใ‚ขใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ขใฏๅŠ‡ๅ ดใ‹ใ‚‰็”Ÿใพใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
01:32
But let's say you're in a conversation, or even if you're at some kind of business meeting
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒไผš่ฉฑใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ใพใŸใฏ ใ‚ใ‚‹็จฎใฎใƒ“ใ‚ธใƒใ‚นไผš่ญฐใซๅ‚ๅŠ 
01:36
and you're talking with other people around you.
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ใ—ใฆใ„ใฆใ€ๅ‘จๅ›ฒใฎไป–ใฎไบบใจ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ— ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†.
01:39
Uh, but your boss maybe is supposed to give a presentation, but you, maybe you're, like,
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ใˆใˆใจใ€ใงใ‚‚ใ‚ใชใŸใฎไธŠๅธใฏใƒ—ใƒฌใ‚ผใƒณใƒ†ใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใชใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ
01:44
just an employee or, uh, working under your boss in some way.
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ใŸใ ใฎๅพ“ๆฅญๅ“กใ‹ ใ€ไฝ•ใ‚‰ใ‹ใฎๅฝขใงไธŠๅธใฎไธ‹ใงๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
01:48
But you give a really good presentation or explain something that your boss couldn't
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ่‰ฏใ„ใƒ—ใƒฌใ‚ผใƒณใƒ†ใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใ‚’ใ—ใŸใ‚Š ใ€ไธŠๅธใŒ่ชฌๆ˜Žใงใใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ“ใจใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ—ใพใ™
01:51
explain.
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ใ€‚
01:52
So, you upstage him.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅฝผใ‚’ไธŠๆผ”ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:54
So, you're taking attention away from him and, usually, doing something better.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅฝผใ‹ใ‚‰ๆณจๆ„ใ‚’ใใ‚‰ใ— ใ€้€šๅธธใฏใ‚‚ใฃใจ่‰ฏใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:57
Uh, although he might be mad at you for doing that or she might be mad at you for doing
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ใˆใˆใจใ€ๅฝผใฏ ใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ—ใŸใ“ใจใงใ‚ใชใŸใซ่…นใ‚’็ซ‹ใฆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ—ใ€ๅฝผๅฅณใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ—ใŸใ“ใจใงใ‚ใชใŸใซ่…นใ‚’็ซ‹ใฆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
02:01
that, uh, but this is to upstage someone.
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ใŒใ€ใˆใˆใจใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ่ชฐใ‹ใ‚’ไธŠๆผ”ใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใงใ™.
02:04
To take attention away from someone else just like in a conversation.
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ไผš่ฉฑใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ไป–ใฎไบบใ‹ใ‚‰ๆณจๆ„ใ‚’ใใ‚‰ใ™ใ“ใจ ใ€‚
02:08
Uh, but typically, it's when maybe you're not expected to be doing that.
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ใˆใˆใจใ€ใ—ใ‹ใ—้€šๅธธใ€ใใ‚ŒใฏใŠใใ‚‰ใใ‚ใชใŸใŒ ใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒๆœŸๅพ…ใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใชใ„ใจใใงใ™.
02:12
To upstage someone.
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่ชฐใ‹ใ‚’ไธŠๆผ”ใ™ใ‚‹ใ€‚
02:13
Next, to enlighten someone.
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ๆฌกใซใ€่ชฐใ‹ใ‚’ๅ•“็™บใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ€‚
02:16
To enlighten someone.
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่ชฐใ‹ใ‚’ๅ•“็™บใ™ใ‚‹ใ€‚
02:18
To bring light to someone just means to help them understand something.
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่ชฐใ‹ใซๅ…‰ใ‚’ใ‚‚ใŸใ‚‰ใ™ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏใ€ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’็†่งฃใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’ๅŠฉใ‘ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™.
02:22
So, if you want to sound more intelligent, and it's still a conversational thing you
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ‚‚ใฃใจ็Ÿฅ็š„ใชใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใŸใ„ใชใ‚‰ ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใพใ ไผš่ฉฑ็š„ใชใ‚‚ใฎ
02:26
can say as I do use it in an everyday conversation with my sister.
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ใงใ™.
02:30
Uh, but it's a more intelligent way of saying, โ€œOh please, tell me how to do something,โ€
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ใˆใˆใจใ€ใงใ‚‚ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚‚ใฃใจ่ณขใ„่จ€ใ„ๆ–น
02:35
or, โ€œPlease explain to me something.โ€
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ใงใ™ใ€‚
02:36
So, instead of doing that, you replace that with the more intelligent sounding enlighten.
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’่กŒใ†ไปฃใ‚ใ‚Šใซ ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ‚ˆใ‚Š็Ÿฅ็š„ใช้Ÿฟใใฎ enlighten ใซ็ฝฎใๆ›ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
02:41
So, please enlighten me.
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
02:43
So, give me light.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็งใซๅ…‰ใ‚’ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
02:44
Kind of, if you think about when you're not knowing something, you are in the darkness.
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ใชใ‚“ใ ใ‹ใ€ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’่€ƒใˆ ใŸใ‚‰ใ€้—‡ใฎไธญใซใ„ใ‚‹ใ€‚
02:48
Like, you are in a cave, and you can't see.
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๆดž็ชŸใฎไธญใซใ„ใฆใ€่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
02:50
So, you need understanding or light.
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็†่งฃใ‚„ๅ…‰ใŒๅฟ…่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚
02:53
So, enlighten me.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็งใ‚’ๅ•“็™บใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
02:54
Please enlighten me.
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ๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
02:55
Tell me what I'm doing wrong.
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็งใŒ้–“้•ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
02:57
Enlighten me.
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็งใ‚’ๅ•“็™บใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:58
Next, related to this, we have retain.
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ๆฌกใซใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใซ้–ข้€ฃใ—ใฆใ€retain ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
03:01
To retain something.
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ไฟๆŒใ™ใ‚‹ใ€‚
03:03
Now, the typical thing you can use in a conversation is remember, and this is perfectly fine.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ไผš่ฉฑใงไฝฟ็”จใงใใ‚‹ๅ…ธๅž‹็š„ใชใ‚‚ใฎ ใฏ่จ˜ๆ†ถใงใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚ŒใฏใพใฃใŸใๅ•้กŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
03:08
But if you want to sound a bit more educated, you can say retain.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ—ๆ•™้คŠใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ retain ใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
03:12
So, you can say, โ€œI don't remember much of what I learned in college.โ€
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ€Œๅคงๅญฆใงๅญฆใ‚“ใ ใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใพใ‚Š่ฆšใˆใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ ใ€‚
03:16
Or, you can sound a bit more educated and say, โ€œI don't retain much of that.โ€
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ใพใŸใฏใ€ใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ—ๆ•™้คŠใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใฆ ใ€ใ€Œ็งใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ‚ใพใ‚Š่ฆšใˆใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
03:20
So, I don't remember much of that.
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ใจใ„ใ†ใ‚ใ‘ใงใ€ใ‚ใพใ‚Š่ฆšใˆใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
03:23
I don't really retain that information, or I haven't retained that information that I
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็งใฏใใฎๆƒ…ๅ ฑใ‚’ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซไฟๆŒใ—ใฆใ„ใชใ„ใ‹ใ€ๅคงๅญฆใงๅญฆใ‚“ใ  ๆƒ…ๅ ฑใ‚’ไฟๆŒใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“
03:28
learned in college.
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ใ€‚
03:29
Again, it's the same meaning, just to remember something.
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็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใ€ๅŒใ˜ๆ„ๅ‘ณ ใงใ™ใ€‚
03:32
Retain also means, in a basic sense, to hold something.
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Retain ใฏใ€ๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใชๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ไฟๆŒใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ— ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:35
So, you might have, uh, like, a river, uh, and you put a dam there.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๅทใŒใ‚ใ‚Š ใ€ใใ“ใซใƒ€ใƒ ใ‚’่จญ็ฝฎใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
03:38
So, that dam might be called a retaining wall.
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใใฎใƒ€ใƒ ใฏๆ“ๅฃใจๅ‘ผใฐใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
03:41
So, youโ€™re stopping the water, and the water starts to pool up and make a little lake.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๆฐดใ‚’ๆญขใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ€ๆฐด ใŒๆบœใพใ‚Šๅง‹ใ‚ใ€ๅฐใ•ใชๆน–ใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
03:45
So, when you're trying to make a dam, that's what you do.
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใƒ€ใƒ ใ‚’ไฝœใ‚ใ†ใจใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒใ‚ใชใŸใฎ ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
03:48
You have a retaining wall to stop something from moving, so you hold that information.
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒๅ‹•ใใฎใ‚’ๆญขใ‚ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใฎๆ“ๅฃใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ ใฎใงใ€ใใฎๆƒ…ๅ ฑใ‚’ไฟๆŒใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:53
To retain.
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ไฟๆŒใ™ใ‚‹ใ€‚
03:54
Next, one of my favorite words, stickler.
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ๆฌกใซใ€็งใฎๅฅฝใใช่จ€่‘‰ใฎ 1 ใคใ€stickler ใงใ™ใ€‚
03:58
A stickler.
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ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒƒใ‚ฏใƒฉใƒผใ€‚
03:59
Now, this is a perfect example.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒใฏๅฎŒ็’งใชไพ‹ใงใ™ใ€‚
04:00
I'll give you one from real life that just happened to me.
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็งใซ่ตทใ“ใฃใŸๅฎŸ็”Ÿๆดปใ‹ใ‚‰ใฎ1ใคใ‚’ใ‚ใชใŸใซใ‚ใ’ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚
04:03
So, when I come here for my recording studio time, uh, I come here almost every week because
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใƒฌใ‚ณใƒผใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใƒณใ‚ฐ ใ‚นใ‚ฟใ‚ธใ‚ชใฎ ๆ™‚้–“ใซใ“ใ“ใซๆฅใ‚‹ใจใใฏใ€ใปใผๆฏŽ้€ฑใ“ใ“ใซๆฅใพใ™
04:09
I record lots of videos.
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ใ€‚ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ใƒฌใ‚ณใƒผใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใƒณใ‚ฐใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
04:11
And when I come here, I have to sign in every time.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใ“ใซๆฅใ‚‹ใจๆฏŽๅ›žใ‚ตใ‚คใƒณใ‚คใƒณใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚
04:14
So, I show the staff, and they know who I am, almost everybody.
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ใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒƒใƒ•ใซ่ฆ‹ใ›ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใปใจใ‚“ใฉใฎไบบใŒ็งใฎใ“ใจใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:18
Uh, but some people they don't, they don't make me show my little receipt that says,
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ใˆใˆใจใ€ใงใ‚‚ใใ†ใงใชใ„ไบบใ‚‚ใ„ใพใ™ใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ ็งใฎๅฐใ•ใช้ ˜ๅŽๆ›ธใ‚’็งใซ่ฆ‹ใ›ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅผท่ฆใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€
04:23
yes, I have a reservation for today because they have a record of it, and I'm really the
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ใฏใ„ใ€็งใฏไปŠๆ—ฅใฎไบˆ็ด„ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใใ‚Œใฎ่จ˜้Œฒใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€ใใ—ใฆ็งใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ
04:27
only foreigner that's coming here to do this anyway.
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ใ“ใ“ใซๆฅใ‚‹ๅ”ฏไธ€ใฎๅค–ๅ›ฝไบบใงใ™ ใจใซใ‹ใใ“ใ‚Œ ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ€‚
04:30
So, most people know who I am, but one guy, in particular, he was saying, โ€œHey, can
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใปใจใ‚“ใฉใฎไบบใฏ็งใŒ่ชฐใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€็‰นใซไธ€ไบบใฎ็”ท ใŒใ€ใ€Œใญใˆใ€
04:34
you please, you know, show me your receipt.โ€
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้ ˜ๅŽๆ›ธใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ›ใฆใใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‹ใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
04:37
And I said, โ€œReally, you guys are pretty strict today.โ€
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ€Œๆœฌๅฝ“ใซใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใ‹ใชใ‚ŠๅŽณใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
04:39
And heโ€™s like, โ€œWell, you know, it's a rule.โ€
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ใใ—ใฆๅฝผใฏใ€ใ€Œใพใ‚ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใƒซใƒผใƒซใงใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
04:41
So, I showed him the receipt, and it's not a big deal to show the receipt.
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€็งใฏๅฝผใซ้ ˜ๅŽๆ›ธใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ›ใพใ—ใŸใŒใ€้ ˜ๅŽๆ›ธ ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ›ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏๅคงใ—ใŸใ“ใจใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
04:45
But I was just saying, โ€œWell, you guys know who I am, right?โ€
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€็งใฏใŸใ ใ€Œใพใ‚ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŸใกใฏ็งใŒ่ชฐใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‚ˆใญ?ใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
04:47
I mean, I'm, I'm the same guy coming every week.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€็งใฏๆฏŽ้€ฑๆฅใ‚‹ๅŒใ˜็”ทใงใ™ ใ€‚
04:50
There's no confusion here.
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ใ“ใ“ใซๆททไนฑใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
04:51
Uh, and just like at a restaurant or something, you would expect maybe they know you, and
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ใˆใˆใจใ€ใƒฌใ‚นใƒˆใƒฉใƒณใชใฉใจๅŒใ˜ใ‚ˆใ† ใซใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใŠใใ‚‰ใใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใฆใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใๅฐ‘ใ—่‰ฏใ„ๆ‰ฑใ„ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใใ‚Œใ‚‹ใจๆœŸๅพ…ใ™ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
04:56
they give you maybe slightly better treatment.
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ใ€‚
04:58
Or, you know, they don't make you follow the rules as closely.
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ใพใŸใฏใ€ใ”ๅญ˜็Ÿฅใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ ใƒซใƒผใƒซใ‚’ๅŽณๅฏ†ใซๅฎˆใ‚‰ใ›ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
05:02
Anyway, a person who is a stickler is someone that always follows the rules even if they
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ใจใฏใ„ใˆใ€ใ†ใ‚‹ใ•ใ„ไบบ ใจใ„ใ†ใฎใฏใ€ใƒซใƒผใƒซใ‚’ๅฎˆใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใชใใฆใ‚‚ใ€ๅธธใซใƒซใƒผใƒซใซ
05:07
don't really have to.
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ๅพ“ใ†ไบบใฎใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
05:08
So, this guy is a stickler.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใฎ็”ทใฏใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒƒใ‚ฏใƒฉใƒผใงใ™ใ€‚
05:09
A stickler.
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ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒƒใ‚ฏใƒฉใƒผใ€‚
05:10
So, he's sticking to the rules in that way.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ๅฝผใฏใใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆๅ‰‡ใซๅ›บๅŸทใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:13
A stickler.
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ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒƒใ‚ฏใƒฉใƒผใ€‚
05:14
A stickler.
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ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒƒใ‚ฏใƒฉใƒผใ€‚
05:16
Next, solitude, another โ€˜sโ€™ word.
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ๆฌกใซใ€ๅญค็‹ฌใ€ๅˆฅใฎใ€Œsใ€ใฎๅ˜่ชžใ€‚
05:19
Solitude.
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ๅญค็‹ฌใ€‚
05:20
You've probably heard this before, but listen carefully for it in the conversation.
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่žใ„ใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ ใŒใ€ไผš่ฉฑใฎไธญใงๆณจๆ„ๆทฑใ่žใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
05:24
The solitude of nature and solitude just means you are alone like solo.
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่‡ช็„ถใฎๅญค็‹ฌใจๅญค็‹ฌใฏใ€ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ‚ฝใƒญใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซไธ€ไบบใงใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:29
Solitude.
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ๅญค็‹ฌใ€‚
05:30
So, solo, meaning by itself, and we have solitude from this same idea.
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ฝใƒญใฏใใ‚Œ่‡ชไฝ“ใงๆ„ๅ‘ณใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€็งใŸใกใฏใ“ใฎๅŒใ˜่€ƒใˆใ‹ใ‚‰ๅญค็‹ฌใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:35
So, solitude.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ๅญค็‹ฌใ€‚
05:36
I like to enjoy solitude.
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็งใฏๅญค็‹ฌใ‚’ๆฅฝใ—ใ‚€ใฎใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚
05:38
Right now, in my recording studio, I have solitude.
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ไปŠใ€็งใฎใƒฌใ‚ณใƒผใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใƒณใ‚ฐ ใ‚นใ‚ฟใ‚ธใ‚ชใงใฏใ€็งใฏ ๅญค็‹ฌใ‚’ๆ„Ÿใ˜ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:40
So, I have, uh, it's very peaceful.
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ใจใฆใ‚‚ๅนณๅ’Œใงใ™ใ€‚
05:43
No one else is here.
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ใ“ใ“ใซใฏไป–ใซ่ชฐใ‚‚ใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
05:44
I can just enjoy having a conversation with you and enjoy my solitude.
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็งใฏ ใ‚ใชใŸใจใฎไผš่ฉฑใ‚’ๆฅฝใ—ใฟใ€ๅญค็‹ฌใ‚’ๆฅฝใ—ใ‚€ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
05:49
Solitude.
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ๅญค็‹ฌใ€‚
05:50
Next, accessible.
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ๆฌกใซใ€ใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใ‚นๅฏ่ƒฝใงใ™ใ€‚
05:52
Accessible.
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ใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใ‚นๅฏ่ƒฝใ€‚
05:53
Now, you probably know this word already.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใŠใใ‚‰ใใ“ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ใ™ใงใซ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
05:56
To access something means to enter it or to get it in some way.
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใซใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใ‚นใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅ…ฅๅŠ›ใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใพใŸใฏไฝ•ใ‚‰ใ‹ใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใงๅ–ๅพ—ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚
06:00
So, you might have access to a building, or I might have, uh, access to certain information
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅปบ็‰ฉใซใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใ‚นใงใใ‚‹ ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ—ใ€็งใฏใ‚ณใƒณใƒ”ใƒฅใƒผใ‚ฟใƒผไธŠใฎ็‰นๅฎšใฎๆƒ…ๅ ฑใซใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใ‚นใงใใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
06:06
on a computer.
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ใ€‚
06:07
If I'm working at a company, you might have different levels of access like top-level
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็งใŒไผš็คพใงๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ ใƒˆใƒƒใƒ—ใƒฌใƒ™ใƒซใฎใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใ‚นใชใฉใ€ใ•ใพใ–ใพใชใƒฌใƒ™ใƒซใฎใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใ‚นๆจฉใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Š
06:11
access or something.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:13
But you can say something is X accessible like wheelchair accessible if you're talking
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€่ปŠๆค…ๅญใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใงใใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€่ปŠๆค…ๅญใงใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใ‚นใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ X ใงใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใ‚นๅฏ่ƒฝใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒ
06:18
about you're able to use a wheelchair for this.
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ใงใ ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:21
So, there might be a ramp to get into some buildings.
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ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ไธ€้ƒจใฎๅปบ็‰ฉใซๅ…ฅใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ‚นใƒญใƒผใƒ—ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚
06:24
So, that building becomes wheelchair accessible.
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใใฎๅปบ็‰ฉใฏ่ปŠๆค…ๅญใงใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใ‚นๅฏ่ƒฝใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
06:27
So, listen for this, accessible, in the conversation.
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ไผš่ฉฑใฎไธญใงใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่žใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
06:30
So, Emily is talking about when we go into a park, there are some places that are not
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ‚จใƒŸใƒชใƒผใฏใ€็งใŸใกใŒๅ…ฌๅœ’ใซ่กŒใใจใ
06:36
accessible for, for people driving in cars.
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ใ€่ปŠใง้‹่ปขใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไบบใŒใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใ‚นใงใใชใ„ๅ ดๆ‰€ใŒใ„ใใคใ‹ใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:39
So, it's not car accessible.
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ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€่ปŠใงใฎใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใ‚นใฏใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
06:42
It's only accessible by walking.
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ๅพ’ๆญฉใงใ—ใ‹ใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใ‚นใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
06:45
Next, dedicated.
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ๆฌกใซๅฐ‚็”จใ€‚
06:47
Dedicated.
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ใฒใŸใ‚€ใใชใ€‚
06:48
Listen carefully to the pronunciation.
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็™บ้Ÿณใ‚’ใ‚ˆใ่žใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
06:50
Dedicated.
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ใฒใŸใ‚€ใใชใ€‚
06:52
Dedicated.
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ใฒใŸใ‚€ใใชใ€‚
06:53
Dedicated just means you care a lot about doing something, and you're very focused on
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็Œฎ่บซ็š„ใจใฏ ใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซ้žๅธธใซ้–ขๅฟƒใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใใ‚Œใซ้žๅธธใซ้›†ไธญใ—
06:57
that, and you want to make sure you complete that object.
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ใฆใŠใ‚Šใ€ใใฎ็›ฎ็š„ใ‚’็ขบๅฎŸใซๅฎŒไบ†ใ—ใŸใ„ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ ใ€‚
07:00
So, I'm very dedicated to helping people learn.
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็งใฏไบบใ€…ใฎๅญฆ็ฟ’ใ‚’ๆ”ฏๆดใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๅฐ‚ๅฟตใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:03
That's why we've been doing this for over six years now.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ“ใใ€็งใŸใกใฏใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’6ๅนดไปฅไธŠ็ถšใ‘ใฆใใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚
07:06
We have over, I can't believe it, over six years of lesson sets that we've been producing.
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ไฟกใ˜ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ“ใจใซใ€ ็งใŸใกใŒๅˆถไฝœใ—ใฆใใŸ 6 ๅนดไปฅไธŠใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณ ใ‚ปใƒƒใƒˆใŒ็ต‚ไบ†ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
07:10
So, Iโ€™m very dedicated.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็งใฏใจใฆใ‚‚็Œฎ่บซ็š„ใงใ™ใ€‚
07:11
Every month I'm continuing to help you improve.
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ๆฏŽๆœˆใ€็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆ”นๅ–„ใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’ๅŠฉใ‘็ถšใ‘ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:14
And the learners that follow the lessons each month as well, those dedicated learners, the
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ใพใŸใ€ๆฏŽๆœˆใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’ๅ—่ฌ›ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ ๅญฆ็ฟ’่€…ใ€็†ฑๅฟƒใชๅญฆ็ฟ’่€…ใ€
07:18
people dedicated to improving their English are the ones who get fluent.
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่‹ฑ่ชžๅŠ›ใฎๅ‘ไธŠใซๅฐ‚ๅฟตใ—ใฆ ใ„ใ‚‹ๅญฆ็ฟ’่€…ใฏๆตๆšขใซ่ฉฑใ›ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
07:22
Dedicated.
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ใฒใŸใ‚€ใใชใ€‚
07:23
Next, we have a couple of words related to each other.
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ๆฌกใซใ€ไบ’ใ„ใซ้–ข้€ฃใ™ใ‚‹ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎๅ˜่ชžใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚
07:26
In the conversation, I'm speaking with my sister about what I think is the quality of
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ไผš่ฉฑใฎไธญใงใ€็งใฏๅฆนใจใ€
07:32
camping equipment that is maybe different from what we had when I was a kid.
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็งใŒๅญไพ›ใฎ้ ƒใซๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใŸใ‚‚ใฎใจใฏ็•ฐใชใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ‚ญใƒฃใƒณใƒ—็”จๅ“ใฎๅ“่ณชใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹.
07:37
So, we're talking about, uh, the ways we describe different materials.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ•ใพใ–ใพใช็ด ๆใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ ใ€‚
07:40
And so, we talk about durable, sturdy and flimsy.
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€่€ไน…ๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€้ ‘ไธˆใงใ€่–„ใฃใบใ‚‰ใชใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ— ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:45
Durable, sturdy and flimsy.
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่€ไน…ๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€้ ‘ไธˆใง่–„ใฃใบใ‚‰ใ€‚
07:46
So, we'll talk about all three of these things.
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰3ใคใฎใ“ใจใ™ในใฆใซใคใ„ใฆใŠ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:48
Durable means it lasts for a long time.
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่€ไน…ๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏใ€้•ทๆŒใกใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
07:51
So, if I buy something, like a new car, it's going to last me, you know, many, many years.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚‚ใ—็งใŒๆ–ฐใ—ใ„่ปŠใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’่ฒทใฃใŸใ‚‰ ใ€ไฝ•ๅนดใ‚‚ไฝ•ๅนดใ‚‚ๆŒใกใพใ™ใ€‚
07:57
Now, a lot of companies are producing things that are not very durable.
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็พๅœจใ€ๅคšใใฎไผๆฅญ ใŒใ‚ใพใ‚Š่€ไน…ๆ€งใฎใชใ„่ฃฝๅ“ใ‚’่ฃฝ้€ ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:01
And this means that they're producing something with the hope that it breaks or breaks down
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ใใ—ใฆใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒ ๅฃŠใ‚ŒใŸใ‚Šใ™ใใซๅฃŠใ‚ŒใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆœŸๅพ…ใ—ใฆไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’็”Ÿ็”ฃใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹
08:05
quickly, so that you have to buy a new version of that thing.
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ใŸใ‚ใ€ใใฎใ‚‚ใฎใฎๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ใƒใƒผใ‚ธใƒงใƒณใ‚’่ณผๅ…ฅใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ .
08:09
So, it becomes, uh, less, uh, well, it's basically just less, less valuable and less durable.
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใ€ใˆใˆใจใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Šๅฐ‘ใชใใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€ใˆใˆใจใ€ๅŸบๆœฌ ็š„ใซใฏใ€ไพกๅ€คใŒไฝŽใใ€่€ไน…ๆ€งใŒไฝŽใใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
08:16
So, you can't use it as long over time.
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ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€้•ทๆœŸ้–“ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
08:19
And the business term for that, although you don't need to remember this, is planned obsolescence.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่ฆšใˆใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่กจใ™ใƒ“ใ‚ธใƒใ‚น็”จ่ชž ใฏ่จˆ็”ป็š„้™ณ่…ๅŒ–ใงใ™ใ€‚
08:24
Planned obsolescence.
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่จˆ็”ป็š„้™ณ่…ๅŒ–ใ€‚
08:25
So, it just means businesses are intentionally trying to produce something that's not very
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ไผๆฅญใŒๆ•…ๆ„ ใซใ‚ใพใ‚Š
08:30
good quality, so that it breaks and then you have to get a new version of that thing.
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ๅ“่ณชใฎ่‰ฏใใชใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ไฝœใ‚ใ†ใจใ—ใฆ ใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
08:34
To keep spending, keep buying more things.
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ๆ”ฏๅ‡บใ‚’็ถšใ‘ใ‚‹ใซใฏใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Šๅคšใใฎใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’่ณผๅ…ฅใ—็ถšใ‘ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:36
So, next, we are talking about flimsy.
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ใงใฏใ€ๆฌกใซ่–„ใฃใบใ‚‰ใ•ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:38
So, we have durable, and now flimsy.
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ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€่€ไน…ๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€่–„ใฃใบใ‚‰ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
08:42
Flimsy means it's kind of bendable.
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ใ‚‚ใ‚ใ„ใจใ„ใ†ใฎใฏใ€ๆ›ฒใ’ใ‚„ใ™ใ„ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚
08:43
It doesn't really, um, kind of stay in the same shape that it should be.
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ๆœฌๆฅใ‚ใ‚‹ ในใๅฝขใฎใพใพใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
08:48
You can move it easily or bend it or flex it.
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็ฐกๅ˜ใซๅ‹•ใ‹ใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ€ๆ›ฒใ’ใŸใ‚Šใ€ๆ›ฒใ’ใŸใ‚Šใงใ ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:51
And typically, when something is flimsy, we talk about that as being not very good quality.
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ใใ—ใฆ้€šๅธธใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒ่–„ใฃใบใ‚‰ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€็ง ใŸใกใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ‚ใพใ‚Šๅ“่ณชใŒ่‰ฏใใชใ„ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™.
08:55
So, if we want something sturdy, which is the opposite of that, we want something strong
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€้€†ใซ้ ‘ไธˆใชใ‚‚ใฎ ใŒๆฌฒใ—ใ„ใจ่จ€ใ†ใจใ€ใ“ใ†ใ„ใ†ๅผทใ„
09:00
like this.
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ใ‚‚ใฎใŒๆฌฒใ—ใ„ใ‚“ใงใ™ใ€‚
09:01
I have a sturdy chair, and not, like, a flimsy one that can bend like this.
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็งใฏ้ ‘ไธˆใชๆค…ๅญใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆ›ฒใŒใ‚‹่–„ใฃใบใ‚‰ใชใ‚‚ใฎใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚
09:05
So, if you take a credit card, you can bend it.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ฏใƒฌใ‚ธใƒƒใƒˆใ‚ซใƒผใƒ‰ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚Œใฐใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆ›ฒใ’ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ ใ€‚
09:07
Uh, if that card is really thin, then it's usually very flimsy like a piece of paper.
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ใใฎใ‚ซใƒผใƒ‰ใŒๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ่–„ใ„ๅ ดๅˆใ€ ้€šๅธธใฏไธ€ๆžšใฎ็ด™ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ้žๅธธใซ่–„ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
09:12
It can move around easily, and it's not very sturdy.
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็ฐกๅ˜ใซๅ‹•ใๅ›žใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ€ใ‚ใพใ‚Š ้ ‘ไธˆใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
09:15
So, durable, sturdy and flimsy.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€่€ไน…ๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€้ ‘ไธˆใง่–„ใฃใบใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
09:19
Next, you'll hear Emily talking about specialized gear.
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ๆฌกใซใ€ใ‚จใƒŸใƒชใƒผใŒ็‰นๆฎŠใชใ‚ฎใ‚ขใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’่žใใพใ™ ใ€‚
09:23
Now, gear is just a term for any tools or equipment that you might be using.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ‚ฎใ‚ขใจใฏใ€ ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใฎใ‚ใ‚‹ใƒ„ใƒผใƒซใ‚„ๆฉŸๅ™จใฎๅ˜ใชใ‚‹็”จ่ชžใงใ™ใ€‚
09:27
But this is one of those things where you sound much more native if you're asking about
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ
09:31
instead of equipment, you talk about gear.
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ใ€ๆฉŸๅ™จใฎไปฃใ‚ใ‚Šใซๅฐ‹ใญใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ใคใพใ‚ŠๆฉŸๅ™จใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใจใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใƒใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใซ่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใฎ 1 ใคใงใ™ใ€‚
09:34
So, you can say, โ€œHey, I bought some new camping gear.โ€
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ€Œใญใˆใ€ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ใ‚ญใƒฃใƒณใƒ—็”จๅ“ใ‚’่ฒทใฃใŸใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ ใ€‚
09:36
Or, โ€œI bought some new gear for my band,โ€ you know, maybe some microphones or electronic
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ใพใŸใฏใ€ใ€Œใƒใƒณใƒ‰็”จใซๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ๆฉŸๆใ‚’่ฒทใฃใŸใ€ใจใ‹ ใ€ใƒžใ‚คใ‚ฏใ‚„้›ปๅญใ‚ฑใƒผใƒ–ใƒซใชใฉใ‚’่ฒทใฃใŸใฎใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
09:43
cables or something like that.
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ใ€‚
09:45
But it's, it, it's the exact same thing as tools or equipment, but you're just talking
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ ใƒ„ใƒผใƒซใ‚„ๆฉŸๅ™จใจใพใฃใŸใๅŒใ˜ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™
09:48
about it in a more casual and conversational way.
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ใŒใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚ซใ‚ธใƒฅใ‚ขใƒซใงไผš่ฉฑ ็š„ใชๆ–นๆณ•ใงใใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใ™.
09:52
Gear, gear.
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ใ‚ฎใ‚ขใ€ใ‚ฎใ‚ขใ€‚
09:54
Next, massive.
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ๆฌกใซใ€ๅคง้‡ใ€‚
09:56
Massive.
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ๅคง่ฆๆจกใ€‚
09:57
If you think about mass as maybe having some kind of space or size.
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่ณช้‡ใ‚’ใ‚ใ‚‹็จฎใฎใ‚นใƒšใƒผใ‚นใพใŸใฏใ‚ตใ‚คใ‚บใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ่€ƒใˆใ‚‹ใจ ใ€‚
10:02
We're talking about the weight of something.
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็งใŸใกใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใฎ้‡ใ•ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€‚
10:04
How much pressure there is to that thing.
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ใใฎใ“ใจใซใฉใ‚Œใ ใ‘ใฎใƒ—ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚ทใƒฃใƒผใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€‚
10:06
Lots of different ideas connected with mass.
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่ณช้‡ใซ้–ข้€ฃใ™ใ‚‹ใ•ใพใ–ใพใชใ‚ขใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ขใŒใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
10:08
Uh, but if you want to talk about massive, it just means something that's really big.
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ใˆใˆใจใ€ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๅคง่ฆๆจกใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ ใใ‚Œใฏๅ˜ใซๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๅคงใใชใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™.
10:12
So, I might have a big problem, but I can sound even more native and conversational,
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็งใฏๅคงใใชๅ•้กŒใ‚’ๆŠฑใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ ใ‚‚ใฃใจใƒใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใงไผš่ฉฑ็š„ใซ่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
10:18
or I just wanted to say the problem is really big by just saying it's massive.
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ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏใ€ๅ•้กŒใŒ้žๅธธใซๅคงใใ„ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ ใ‘ใงใ€ๅ•้กŒใŒๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ ๅคงใใ„ใจ่จ€ใ„ใŸใ‹ใฃใŸใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚
10:22
We have a massive problem at the office.
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็งใŸใกใฏใ‚ชใƒ•ใ‚ฃใ‚นใงๅคงใใชๅ•้กŒใ‚’ๆŠฑใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
10:25
We're losing sales, and customers are really angry at us because we did something stupid.
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ๆˆ‘ใ€…ใฏๅฃฒใ‚ŠไธŠใ’ใ‚’ๅคฑใ„ใคใคใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ ๆˆ‘ใ€…ใŒๆ„šใ‹ใชใ“ใจใ‚’ใ—ใŸใฎใงใ€้กงๅฎขใฏๆˆ‘ใ€…ใซๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ่…นใ‚’็ซ‹ใฆใฆใ„ใ‚‹.
10:29
And so now it's a big problem.
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ใใ—ใฆไปŠใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๅคงใใชๅ•้กŒใงใ™ใ€‚
10:32
Massive, massive.
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ใฉใฃใ—ใ‚Šใ€ใฉใฃใ—ใ‚Šใ€‚
10:34
Next, another word youโ€™ve probably heard before, but I recommend you use it, is spectacular.
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ๆฌกใซใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใไปฅๅ‰ใซ่žใ„ใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ ใŒใ€ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ใŠๅ‹งใ‚ใ™ใ‚‹ๅˆฅใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใฏๅฃฎ่ฆณใงใ™.
10:41
Spectacular.
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็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ€‚
10:42
There are really interesting ways of improving your language and very small ways.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่จ€่ชžใ‚’ๆ”นๅ–„ ใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใฎๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„ๆ–นๆณ•ใจ้žๅธธใซๅฐใ•ใชๆ–นๆณ•ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™.
10:46
You can do this just by changing a few words.
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ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ๅค‰ๆ›ดใ™ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่กŒใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
10:49
And instead of using something like good or great, you can start using a bit more interesting
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ใใ—ใฆใ€good ใ‚„ great ใชใฉใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ไฝฟใ†ไปฃใ‚ใ‚Šใซใ€wonderful ใชใฉ ใฎใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ—่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ไฝฟใ„ๅง‹ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™
10:53
language like wonderful.
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ใ€‚
10:55
Or, something that's not as frequently used, spectacular.
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ใพใŸใฏใ€ใใ‚Œใปใฉ้ ป็นใซไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใ€ ๅฃฎ่ฆณใงใ™ใ€‚
10:59
So, something that's wow, it's amazing.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ™ใ”ใ„ใ€ใ™ใ”ใ„ใ€‚
11:01
Youโ€™ll often see this for movies or a Broadway musical.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ๆ˜ ็”ปใ‚„ใƒ–ใƒญใƒผใƒ‰ใ‚ฆใ‚งใ‚คใฎใƒŸใƒฅใƒผใ‚ธใ‚ซใƒซใงใ‚ˆใ่ฆ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใพใ™ ใ€‚
11:05
Something that has a lot of dancing, and it's just an amazing thing to see.
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ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚นใŒใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ€่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใฎใฏ ใŸใ ้ฉšใในใใ“ใจใงใ™.
11:09
So, more than great or amazing, you can say spectacular.
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ€็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใจใ„ใ†ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚ใ€็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ ใ€‚
11:13
That's just an amazing thing that you saw.
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่ฆ‹ใŸ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
11:15
Wow, that thing was spectacular.
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ใ†ใ‚ใƒผใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๅฃฎ่ฆณใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
11:18
And my sister is talking about this as the great views she sees when she goes camping
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็งใฎๅฆนใฏใ€ใƒจใ‚ปใƒŸใƒ†ๅ›ฝ็ซ‹ๅ…ฌๅœ’ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชๅ ดๆ‰€ใง ใ‚ญใƒฃใƒณใƒ—ใซ่กŒใฃใŸใจใใซ่ฆ‹ใ‚‹็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ๆ™ฏ่‰ฒใจใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™
11:22
and is in places like Yosemite National Park.
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ใ€‚
11:26
And so, this is a place, wow, it's just spectacular views and beautiful mountains and flowers
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใ“ใฏ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ ๆ™ฏ่‰ฒใจ็พŽใ—ใ„ๅฑฑใจ่Šฑ
11:31
and all of those things.
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ใ€ใใ—ใฆใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ™ในใฆใฎ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ๅ ดๆ‰€ใงใ™ใ€‚
11:33
Spectacular.
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็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ€‚
11:34
Next, to startle something.
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ๆฌกใซใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’้ฉšใ‹ใ›ใ‚‹ใ€‚
11:37
To startle something.
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’้ฉšใ‹ใ›ใ‚‹ใ€‚ ้žๅธธใซ็ด ๆ—ฉใๅ‹•ใ
11:39
If you just think of the idea of start like moving very quickly.
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ใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒผใƒˆใฎใ‚ขใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ขใ‚’่€ƒใˆใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใชใ‚‰ ใ€‚
11:43
So, you're beginning something, you're starting something.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๅง‹ใ‚ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๅง‹ใ‚ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
11:45
So, to startle something is to get that thing moving quickly.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’้ฉšใ‹ใ›ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’ ็ด ๆ—ฉใๅ‹•ใ‹ใ™ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
11:49
So, if I'm walking in the woods, and I startle a bear.
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ๆฃฎใฎไธญใ‚’ๆญฉใ„ใฆใ„ใฆใ‚ฏใƒžใ‚’้ฉšใ‹ใ›ใŸใ‚‰ ใ€‚
11:53
So, a bear is maybe sleeping next to the path I'm walking on, and the bear wakes up.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็งใŒๆญฉใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹้“ใฎ้šฃใงใ‚ฏใƒžใŒๅฏใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ใ‚ฏใƒžใฏ ็›ฎใ‚’่ฆšใพใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
11:59
I startled the bear.
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็งใฏ็†Šใ‚’้ฉšใ‹ใ›ใŸใ€‚
12:00
Or, if I walk into an office, uh, and someone is standing there, and I don't notice them
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ใพใŸใฏใ€ใ‚ชใƒ•ใ‚ฃใ‚นใซ่ถณใ‚’่ธใฟๅ…ฅใ‚ŒใŸใจใใซใ€่ชฐใ‹ ใŒใใ“ใซ็ซ‹ใฃใฆใ„ใฆใ€ๆฐ—ใฅใ‹ใš
12:04
and then they say, โ€œHello.โ€
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ใซใ€Œใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใŸใจใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
12:05
I say, โ€œOh, you startled me.โ€
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็งใฏใ€Œใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ็งใ‚’้ฉšใ‹ใ›ใพใ—ใŸใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
12:07
You startled someone.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ่ชฐใ‹ใ‚’้ฉšใ‹ใ›ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
12:08
So, you, to startle someone, again, just means to maybe get them excited.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่ชฐใ‹ใ‚’้ฉšใ‹ใ›ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏใ€ๅ˜ใซ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใ‚’่ˆˆๅฅฎใ•ใ›ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใชใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
12:12
They notice, and usually, they move in almost a fearful way.
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใใ‚Œใซๆฐ—ใฅใใ€้€šๅธธใฏใปใจใ‚“ใฉๆใ‚ใ—ใ„ๅ‹•ใใ‚’ใ— ใพใ™ใ€‚
12:15
To startle someone.
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่ชฐใ‹ใ‚’้ฉšใ‹ใ›ใ‚‹ใ€‚
12:17
Next, impenetrable.
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ๆฌกใซใ€ไธๅฏไพตใ€‚
12:19
Impenetrable.
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ไพตๅ…ฅใงใใชใ„ใ€‚
12:20
Now, this is another longer word that you can look at the pieces of it.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅˆฅใฎ้•ทใ„ๅ˜่ชž ใงใ€ใใฎๆ–ญ็‰‡ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
12:24
So, โ€˜imโ€™ meaning the opposite of being able to do something.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€'im' ใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ๅๅฏพใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚
12:28
And then we have โ€˜penetrate,โ€™ to go into something.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใซๅ…ฅใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ€Œ่ฒซ้€šใ€ใŒใ‚ใ‚Š ใพใ™ใ€‚
12:31
So, the opposite of being able to enter something.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๅ…ฅๅŠ›ใงใใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฎๅๅฏพใงใ™ใ€‚
12:34
Something is impenetrable.
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒไธๅฏ่งฃใงใ™ใ€‚
12:35
Impenetrable.
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ไพตๅ…ฅใงใใชใ„ใ€‚
12:36
So, you cannot penetrate that thing.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใฎใ“ใจใ‚’่ฒซ้€šใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
12:39
You cannot enter that thing in some way.
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ไฝ•ใ‚‰ใ‹ใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใงใใฎใ“ใจใ‚’ๅ…ฅๅŠ›ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
12:41
So, you might have a castle that has, uh, like, the, the walls are really well protected,
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ใคใพใ‚Š ใ€ๅฃใŒใ—ใฃใ‹ใ‚Šใจไฟ่ญทใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใฆ
12:47
and no army can get into that castle.
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ใ€่ป้šŠใŒใใฎๅŸŽใซๅ…ฅใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใชใ„ๅŸŽใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
12:49
So, that castle is impenetrable.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใฎๅŸŽใฏ้›ฃๆ”ปไธ่ฝใ ใ€‚
12:52
Impenetrable.
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ไพตๅ…ฅใงใใชใ„ใ€‚
12:53
And you'll hear my sister talking about this as maybe a bit moreโ€ฆ
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ใใ—ใฆใ€็งใฎๅฆนใŒใ“ใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆใŠใใ‚‰ใใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ—โ€ฆใจ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’่žใใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ† .
12:57
She's using this as an exaggeration.
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ๅฝผๅฅณใฏใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่ช‡ๅผตใจใ—ใฆไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™.
12:59
So, she's saying, โ€œWell, some of the parts of a forest are impenetrable.โ€
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ๅฝผๅฅณใฏใ€Œใพใ‚ใ€ๆฃฎใฎใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎ้ƒจๅˆ†ใฏไพตๅ…ฅใงใใชใ„ใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใฎใ“ใŽใ‚Šใ‚„ใƒŠใ‚คใƒ•ใชใฉใ€ๆค็‰ฉใ‚’ๅˆ‡ใ‚Š่ฃ‚ใใŸใ‚ใฎ้“ๅ…ท
13:04
Now, you probably could get in there if you had, you know, some saws and knives and other
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ใŒใ‚ใ‚Œใฐใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใใใ“ใซๅ…ฅใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™
13:09
things to cut through the plants.
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ใ€‚
13:11
Uh, but in general, we can just describe this as impenetrable.
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ใˆใˆใจใ€ใ—ใ‹ใ—ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใซใฏใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏไพตๅ…ฅไธๅฏ่ƒฝใจใ—ใ‹่จ€ใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚
13:14
Impenetrable.
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ไพตๅ…ฅใงใใชใ„ใ€‚
13:15
Next, an enthusiast.
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ๆฌกใซๆ„›ๅฅฝๅฎถใ€‚
13:18
Enthusiast.
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ๆ„›ๅฅฝๅฎถใ€‚
13:19
Now, to be enthusiastic about something just means to be excited about it.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใซ็†ฑไธญใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏใ€ๅ˜ใซ ใใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆ่ˆˆๅฅฎใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
13:25
I'm very enthusiastic about teaching.
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็งใฏๆ•™ใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใจใฆใ‚‚็†ฑๅฟƒใงใ™ใ€‚
13:27
So, I'm always excited when I get into the studio and can record these lessons.
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚นใ‚ฟใ‚ธใ‚ชใซๅ…ฅใฃใฆใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’้Œฒ้Ÿณใงใใ‚‹ใจใใฏใ„ใคใ‚‚่ˆˆๅฅฎใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
13:31
So, I am a teaching enthusiast.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็งใฏๆ•™่‚ฒๆ„›ๅฅฝๅฎถใงใ™ใ€‚
13:35
And an, an enthusiast, enthusiast.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€็†ฑ็‹‚่€…ใ€็†ฑ็‹‚่€…ใ€‚
13:37
So, you can be a baseball enthusiast or a soccer enthusiast or a jazz music enthusiast.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ้‡Ž็ƒๆ„›ๅฅฝๅฎถใ€ ใ‚ตใƒƒใ‚ซใƒผๆ„›ๅฅฝๅฎถใ€ใพใŸใฏใ‚ธใƒฃใ‚บ้Ÿณๆฅฝๆ„›ๅฅฝๅฎถใซใชใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™.
13:43
It just means someone who appreciates or likes or really likes even a particular thing.
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ€็‰นๅฎšใฎใ“ใจใงใ•ใˆใ‚‚ใ€้ซ˜ใ่ฉ•ไพกใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ๅฅฝใใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€ใพใŸใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๅฅฝใใชไบบใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ— ใพใ™ใ€‚
13:49
Enthusiast.
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ๆ„›ๅฅฝๅฎถใ€‚
13:50
Enthusiast.
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ๆ„›ๅฅฝๅฎถใ€‚
13:51
Next, to activate.
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ๆฌกใซใ€ใ‚ขใ‚ฏใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ๅŒ–ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
13:53
To activate something.
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๆดปๆ€งๅŒ–ใ™ใ‚‹ใ€‚
13:54
This is another word you've probably heard before, but again, it's a way of making you
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ใ“ใ‚ŒใฏใŠใใ‚‰ใไปฅๅ‰ใซ่žใ„ใŸใ“ใจใฎใ‚ใ‚‹่จ€่‘‰ใงใ™ใŒ ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‚ใพใŸใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ
13:58
sound a bit moreโ€ฆ
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ๅฃฐใ‚’ใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ—่‰ฏใใ™ใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใงใ™...
13:59
Well, itโ€™s, it helps you sound more native and natural but also more educated.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใƒใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใง่‡ช็„ถใซ่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใชใใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Šๆ•™่‚ฒใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใซใ‚‚ๅฝน็ซ‹ใกใพใ™ .
14:03
So, instead of saying to turn on something, you can talk about activating it.
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ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ‚ชใƒณใซใ™ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใ†ไปฃใ‚ใ‚Šใซใ€ ใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ‚ขใ‚ฏใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใซใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
14:08
But, just be careful.
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ใŸใ ใ—ใ€ๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
14:10
Activate was usually used for more technical kind of things, like, you have to activate
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ใ‚ขใ‚ฏใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ๅŒ–ใฏ้€šๅธธใ€ใƒžใ‚ทใƒณ ใ‚’ใ‚ขใ‚ฏใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ๅŒ–ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใชใฉใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚ŠๆŠ€่ก“็š„ใช็จฎ้กžใฎใ‚‚ใฎใซไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™
14:14
a machine.
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ใ€‚
14:15
Uh, but in a casual conversational way, you can just say turn on the machine.
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ใ‚ใƒผใ€ใงใ‚‚ใ‚ซใ‚ธใƒฅใ‚ขใƒซใชไผš่ฉฑใฎไป•ๆ–นใงใ€ ใ€Œ้›ปๆบใ‚’ๅ…ฅใ‚Œใฆใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™.
14:18
So, we don't say for the lights in a room, we don't activate the lights.
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ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€้ƒจๅฑ‹ใฎ็…งๆ˜Žใซใคใ„ใฆใฏใ€็…งๆ˜Žใ‚’ไฝœๅ‹•ใ•ใ›ใชใ„ใจใฏ่จ€ใ„ ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
14:22
Uh, you might activate lights if you're working at a studio.
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ใˆใˆใจใ€ใ‚นใ‚ฟใ‚ธใ‚ชใงไฝœๆฅญใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใƒฉใ‚คใƒˆใ‚’ๆœ‰ๅŠนใซใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚
14:26
Like, if you have, uh, some equipment or you're at a theatre, and you have lots of different
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎๆฉŸๆใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ ใ‹ใ€ๅŠ‡ๅ ดใซใ„ใฆใ€ใ•ใพใ–ใพใช็…งๆ˜ŽใŒใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚Šใ€
14:30
lights and there's more power.
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ใ‚ˆใ‚Šๅคšใใฎ้›ปๅŠ›ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
14:31
We might call that activating.
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ใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆดปๆ€งๅŒ–ใจๅ‘ผใถใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
14:33
But really, you're still just turning something on.
285
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏใ€ใพใ ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ ใ‚ชใƒณใซใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚
14:36
To activate something.
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๆดปๆ€งๅŒ–ใ™ใ‚‹ใ€‚
14:38
Activate.
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ๆดปๆ€งๅŒ–ใ€‚
14:39
Next, your itinerary.
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ๆฌกใซๆ—…็จ‹ใงใ™ใ€‚
14:41
Itinerary.
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ๆ—…็จ‹ใ€‚
14:42
And itinerary is what you have, it's just a more complicated way of saying a schedule
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ๆ—…็จ‹ใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚ใใ‚Œ ใฏใ€ใ‚นใ‚ฑใ‚ธใƒฅใƒผใƒซ
14:47
or a list of things you have to do.
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ใ‚„ใ‚„ใ‚‰ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ“ใจใฎใƒชใ‚นใƒˆใ‚’่จ€ใ†ใ‚ˆใ‚Š่ค‡้›‘ใชๆ–นๆณ•ใงใ™.
14:50
So, we're on a trip, and I say, โ€œWhat's our itinerary?โ€
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€็งใŸใกใฏๆ—…่กŒไธญใงใ€ใ€Œ็ง ใŸใกใฎๆ—…็จ‹ใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹?ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
14:52
So, what are the things we're planning to do today?
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ใงใฏใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏไฝ•ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ไบˆๅฎšใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
14:55
I'm going on a trip to Brazil, and our itinerary is we are going to go to Rio de Janeiro.
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ใƒ–ใƒฉใ‚ธใƒซใซๆ—…่กŒใซ่กŒใไบˆๅฎšใงใ€ๆ—…็จ‹ ใฏใƒชใ‚ชใƒ‡ใ‚ธใƒฃใƒใ‚คใƒญใซ่กŒใไบˆๅฎšใงใ™ใ€‚
15:01
And we're going to go to Sao Paolo and, like, other places like that.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚ตใƒณใƒ‘ใ‚ฆใƒญใ‚„ใ€ใใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใช ไป–ใฎๅ ดๆ‰€ใซ่กŒใใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใงใ™.
15:06
Uh, and I don't really know much about Brazil.
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ใˆใƒผใจใ€็งใฏใƒ–ใƒฉใ‚ธใƒซใซใคใ„ใฆใ‚ใพใ‚Š็Ÿฅใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
15:08
I've actually never been there, but that's why I need an itinerary.
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ๅฎŸใฏ่กŒใฃใŸใ“ใจใŒใชใ„ ใฎใงใ€ๆ—…็จ‹่กจใŒๅฟ…่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚
15:10
So, I need someone to explain to me what exactly we're doing.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็งใŸใกใŒไฝ•ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ๆญฃ็ขบใซ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใฆใใ‚Œใ‚‹ไบบใŒๅฟ…่ฆ ใงใ™ใ€‚
15:14
Itinerary.
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ๆ—…็จ‹ใ€‚
15:15
Itinerary.
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ๆ—…็จ‹ใ€‚
15:16
Next, a temptation.
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ๆฌกใซ่ช˜ๆƒ‘ใ€‚
15:18
Temptation.
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่ช˜ๆƒ‘ใ€‚
15:19
Now, listen carefully because the โ€˜pโ€™ is in this word.
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ใ€Œpใ€ใŒใ“ใฎๅ˜่ชžใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ใ‚ˆใ่žใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚
15:22
We can say temptation.
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่ช˜ๆƒ‘ใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
15:24
Temptation.
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่ช˜ๆƒ‘ใ€‚
15:26
But people typically know what this word is, so we just say temtation.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ไบบใ€…ใฏ้€šๅธธใ€ใ“ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใŒไฝ•ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ ใฎใงใ€ๅ˜ใซ่ช˜ๆƒ‘ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™.
15:29
Temtation.
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่ช˜ๆƒ‘ใ€‚
15:30
The โ€˜pโ€™ is basically silent.
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ใ€Œpใ€ใฏๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใซ็„ก้Ÿณใงใ™ใ€‚
15:33
Temptation.
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่ช˜ๆƒ‘ใ€‚
15:34
A temptation is something that is pulling you towards it.
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่ช˜ๆƒ‘ใจใฏใ€ ใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ๅผ•ใๅฏ„ใ›ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
15:36
It is tempting you.
311
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’่ช˜ๆƒ‘ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
15:37
Like, maybe you have a, uh, love of chocolate or other sweet things, and you see something.
312
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใƒใƒงใ‚ณใƒฌใƒผใƒˆ ใ‚„ใใฎไป–ใฎ็”˜ใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใŒๅคงๅฅฝใใงใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒ่ฆ‹ใˆใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
15:42
Wow, that looks really delicious.
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ใ†ใ‚ใƒผใ€ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ็พŽๅ‘ณใ—ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€‚
15:44
It is tempting you.
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’่ช˜ๆƒ‘ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
15:46
So, it's pulling you here.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ใ“ใ“ใซๅผ•ใฃๅผตใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
15:47
It's trying to get your attention and say, โ€œPlease eat me.
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎๆณจๆ„ใ‚’ๅผ•ใใ€ ใ€Œ็งใ‚’้ฃŸในใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
15:50
Please eat me.โ€
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็งใ‚’้ฃŸในใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ใ€
15:51
And, in this way, this becomes a temptation.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ่ช˜ๆƒ‘ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
15:54
So, a temptation.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€่ช˜ๆƒ‘ใ€‚
15:55
Anything, maybe you're on a diet, and you've got some delicious food at your house.
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ไฝ•ใงใ‚‚ใ€ใƒ€ใ‚คใ‚จใƒƒใƒˆไธญ ใงใ€ๅฎถใซใŠใ„ใ—ใ„้ฃŸใน็‰ฉใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
15:59
But oh, I don't want to eat that.
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ใงใ‚‚ใ€ใ‚ใ‚Œใฏ้ฃŸในใŸใใชใ„ใ€‚
16:01
I, I know I shouldn't, but I really want to.
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็งใฏใ€ใ™ในใใงใฏใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซใ—ใŸใ„ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
16:03
That food is a temptation.
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ใใฎ้ฃŸใน็‰ฉใฏ่ช˜ๆƒ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚
16:05
So, if you're on a diet, it's best to remove those temptations from your house.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใƒ€ใ‚คใ‚จใƒƒใƒˆใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ่ช˜ๆƒ‘ใ‚’ๅฎถใ‹ใ‚‰ๅ–ใ‚Š้™คใใฎใŒๆœ€ๅ–„ใงใ™ใ€‚
16:10
Temptation.
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่ช˜ๆƒ‘ใ€‚
16:11
Next, admirable.
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ๆฌกใซใ€็ซ‹ๆดพใงใ™ใ€‚
16:14
Admirable.
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็ซ‹ๆดพใงใ™ใ€‚
16:15
Admirable means you can admire something about someone.
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็ซ‹ๆดพใจใฏใ€่ชฐใ‹ใฎไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’่ณž่ณ›ใงใใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚
16:18
So, if I say, โ€œWow, that person is a really brave soldier.โ€
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ€Œใ†ใ‚ใƒผใ€ใ‚ใฎไบบใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ ๅ‹‡ๆ•ขใชๅ…ตๅฃซใ ใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€‚
16:22
Or, โ€œThat's a, like, a really smart businessman that's very hard working.โ€
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ใพใŸใฏใ€ใ€Œใใ‚Œใฏใ€้žๅธธใซๅ‹คๅ‹‰ใช้žๅธธใซ่ณขใ„ใƒ“ใ‚ธใƒใ‚นใƒžใƒณใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎ ใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€
16:26
These are all admirable qualities.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏใ™ในใฆ็ซ‹ๆดพใช่ณ‡่ณชใงใ™ใ€‚
16:29
So, things you can admire about someone.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่ชฐใ‹ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ณž่ณ›ใงใใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ€‚
16:33
That's admirable.
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ใใ‚Œใฏ็ซ‹ๆดพใงใ™ใ€‚
16:34
Or, you can also talk about when someone does something good, and you'll see this in the
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ใพใŸใฏใ€่ชฐใ‹ใŒไฝ•ใ‹่‰ฏใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ใ—ใŸใจใใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใ“ใจใ‚‚ ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ไผš่ฉฑใฎไธญใงใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™
16:37
conversation.
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ใ€‚
16:38
Like, maybe it's not perfect, but it's admirable.
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ๅฎŒ็’งใงใฏใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€็ซ‹ๆดพใงใ™ใ€‚
16:42
So, you appreciate what they're trying to do even if they don't succeed at something.
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒไฝ•ใ‹ใซๆˆๅŠŸใ—ใชใใฆใ‚‚ใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒใ‚„ใ‚ใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„Ÿ่ฌใ—ใพใ™ .
16:45
Or, you just want to support someone or encourage someone.
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ใพใŸใฏใ€่ชฐใ‹ใ‚’ใ‚ตใƒใƒผใƒˆใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ€่ชฐใ‹ใ‚’ๅŠฑใพใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ—ใŸใ„ใ ใ‘ใงใ™ ใ€‚
16:49
Yeah, that's very admirable.
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ใˆใˆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใจใฆใ‚‚็ซ‹ๆดพใงใ™ใ€‚
16:50
So, maybe you, uh, like, you do something bad.
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไฝ•ใ‹ๆ‚ชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚
16:53
You lied about something, but then you confessed, and you told the truth.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใซใคใ„ใฆๅ˜˜ใ‚’ใคใใพใ—ใŸใŒใ€ใใฎๅพŒๅ‘Š็™ฝใ— ใ€็œŸๅฎŸใ‚’่ฉฑใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
16:57
So, you're still in trouble, but you still confessed.
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใพใ ๅ›ฐใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใใ‚Œใงใ‚‚ ๅ‘Š็™ฝใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
16:59
So, that's admirable.
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ็ซ‹ๆดพใงใ™ใ€‚
17:02
Admirable.
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็ซ‹ๆดพใงใ™ใ€‚
17:03
And the last of our individual words is metaphorical.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€็งใŸใกใฎๅ€‹ใ€…ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใฎๆœ€ๅพŒใฏๆฏ”ๅ–ฉ็š„ใงใ™ใ€‚
17:06
Metaphorical.
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ๆฏ”ๅ–ฉ็š„ใ€‚
17:07
Now, listen carefully.
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ใงใฏใ€ใ‚ˆใ่žใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
17:08
Again, the pronunciation of this, we don't say metaphorical, at least not in American
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็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฎ็™บ้Ÿณใฏ ใ€ๅฐ‘ใชใใจใ‚‚ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซ่‹ฑ่ชžใงใฏๆฏ”ๅ–ฉ็š„ใจใฏ่จ€ใˆใพใ›ใ‚“
17:13
English.
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ใ€‚
17:14
We say medaphorical.
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ๆฏ”ๅ–ฉ็š„ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
17:15
The โ€˜tโ€™ becomes more of a โ€˜dโ€™ sound.
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ใ€Œtใ€ใฏใ€Œdใ€ใฎ้Ÿณใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
17:18
Medaphorical, medaphorical.
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ๆฏ”ๅ–ฉ็š„ใ€ๆฏ”ๅ–ฉ็š„ใ€‚
17:19
Now, a metaphor is just a comparison between two things.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ๆฏ”ๅ–ฉใฏ 2ใคใฎใ‚‚ใฎใฎๆฏ”่ผƒใซใ™ใŽใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
17:23
You're trying to say that one thing is like something else.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ‚ใ‚‹ ใ‚‚ใฎใŒไป–ใฎใ‚‚ใฎใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใ ใจ่จ€ใ„ใŸใ„ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
17:27
And in the conversation, I'm talking about, uh, having Emily climb a physical mountain.
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ไผš่ฉฑใฎไธญใง ใ€ใ‚จใƒŸใƒชใƒผใซ็‰ฉ็†็š„ใชๅฑฑใ‚’็™ปใ‚‰ใ›ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
17:32
So, the metaphor of that is the mountains that she might climb in her career.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใใฎๆฏ”ๅ–ฉใฏ ใ€ๅฝผๅฅณใŒใ‚ญใƒฃใƒชใ‚ขใฎไธญใง็™ปใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใฎใ‚ใ‚‹ๅฑฑใงใ™ใ€‚
17:36
So, you might have, like, instead of a physical mountain, you might want to, like, if you're
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใƒ—ใƒญใฎใ‚ขใ‚นใƒชใƒผใƒˆใงใ‚ใ‚Œใฐใ€็‰ฉ็†็š„ใช ๅฑฑใฎไปฃใ‚ใ‚Šใซใ€ใใ†ใ—ใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
17:41
a professional athlete.
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ใ€‚
17:43
The mountain you're trying to climb is winning the championship for your sport, whatever
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็™ปใ‚ใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅฑฑใฏ ใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒไฝ•ใงใ‚ใ‚Œใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎใ‚นใƒใƒผใƒ„ใฎใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒ”ใ‚ชใƒณใ‚ทใƒƒใƒ—ใ‚’็ฒๅพ—ใ™ใ‚‹
17:47
that is.
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ใ“ใจใงใ™.
17:48
So, that's a, uh, metaphorical mountain.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๆฏ”ๅ–ฉ็š„ใชๅฑฑใงใ™ใ€‚
17:51
It's a metaphor.
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ใใ‚Œใฏๆฏ”ๅ–ฉใงใ™ใ€‚
17:52
Now, another word that's connected with this that you don't hear in the conversation is
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใซ้–ข้€ฃใ— ใฆใ€ไผš่ฉฑใงใฏ่€ณใซใ—ใชใ„ๅˆฅใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใŒ
17:55
simile.
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็›ดๅ–ฉใงใ™ใ€‚
17:56
Simile.
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ๆฏ”ๅ–ฉใ€‚
17:57
Now, a simile is a connection with something, again in the same way, but using the words
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ใ•ใฆใ€็›ดๅ–ฉใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใจใฎใคใชใŒใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œ ใ‚‚ๅŒใ˜ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใงใ™ใŒใ€
18:02
โ€˜likeโ€™ or โ€˜asโ€™.
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ใ€Œlikeใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œasใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
18:03
So, if I say, โ€œHe was as fast as lightning.โ€
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ€Œๅฝผใฏ็จฒๅฆปใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ้€Ÿใ‹ใฃใŸใ€ใจ่จ€ใˆใฐใ€‚ ใ€Œใ†ใ‚ใƒผใ€ใ‚ใฎไบบใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ็จฒๅฆปใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ้€Ÿใ‹ใฃใŸใ€
18:06
I'm making a connection, a comparison, between saying, โ€œWow, that person was really fast
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ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ€ๆŽฅ็ถšใ€ๆฏ”่ผƒใ‚’่กŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™
18:11
like lightning.โ€
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ใ€‚
18:12
Or, โ€œHe was as big as a tree.โ€
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ใพใŸใฏใ€ใ€Œๅฝผใฏๆœจใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๅคงใใ‹ใฃใŸใ€ใ€‚
18:14
So, this is a simile.
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๆฏ”ๅ–ฉใงใ™ใ€‚
18:15
Iโ€™m connecting something.
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’็น‹ใ„ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
18:17
It's like a metaphor, but I'm just specifically using the words โ€˜likeโ€™ or โ€˜asโ€™.
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ๆฏ”ๅ–ฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใŒ ใ€ใ€Œๅฅฝใใ€ใ‚„ใ€Œใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ๅ…ทไฝ“็š„ใซไฝฟใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚
18:22
Now, let's move onto the longer phrases and expressions for this month.
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ใงใฏใ€ไปŠๆœˆใฎ้•ทใ„ใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใจ่กจ็พใซ็งปใ‚Šใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚
18:25
There are quite a lot of them, so I hope you enjoy this part of the lesson.
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ใ‹ใชใ‚ŠใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใฎใง ใ€ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใฎใ“ใฎ้ƒจๅˆ†ใ‚’ๆฅฝใ—ใ‚“ใงใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใ‚Œใฐๅนธใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
18:29
The first one is camera shy.
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ๆœ€ๅˆใฎใ‚‚ใฎใฏใ‚ซใƒกใƒฉใ‚ทใƒฃใ‚คใงใ™ใ€‚
18:32
Camera shy.
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ใ‚ซใƒกใƒฉๆฅใšใ‹ใ—ใŒใ‚Šๅฑ‹ใ€‚
18:33
Now, I am not camera shy right now.
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ไปŠใ€็งใฏใ‚ซใƒกใƒฉใŒๆฅใšใ‹ใ—ใŒใ‚Šๅฑ‹ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
18:35
I really enjoy being in front of the camera, and it's a lot of fun, uh, in the same way
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ใ‚ซใƒกใƒฉใฎๅ‰ ใซใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใฏใจใฆใ‚‚ๆฅฝใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ๅŒใ˜ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ
18:39
that I enjoy teaching people live when I actually have some students I can work with personally.
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ใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซ ๅ€‹ไบบ็š„ใซไธ€็ท’ใซไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹็”Ÿๅพ’ใŒใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใซใ€ไบบใ€…ใซใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–ใงๆ•™ใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆฅฝใ—ใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
18:44
But when I began, I was quite camera shy.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€็งใŒๅง‹ใ‚ใŸใจใใ€็งใฏใ‹ใชใ‚Šใ‚ซใƒกใƒฉๆฅใšใ‹ใ—ใŒใ‚Šๅฑ‹ใงใ—ใŸ. ๆ•ฐๅนดๅ‰ใซ
18:47
And if you go back to the YouTube videos I created a few years ago, uh, the original
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็งใŒไฝœๆˆใ—ใŸ YouTube ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใซๆˆปใฃใฆ ใฟใ‚‹ใจใ€ๅ…ƒใฎ
18:52
YouTube videos did not have me in them.
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YouTube ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใซใฏ็งใŒๅซใพใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
18:54
It was just information on a screen because I was camera shy.
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็งใฏใ‚ซใƒกใƒฉใŒ่‹ฆๆ‰‹ใชใฎใงใ€็”ป้ขไธŠใฎๆƒ…ๅ ฑใ ใ‘ ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
18:59
Camera shy.
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ใ‚ซใƒกใƒฉๆฅใšใ‹ใ—ใŒใ‚Šๅฑ‹ใ€‚
19:00
Next, nothing wrong with that.
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ๆฌกใซใ€ใใ‚Œใฏไฝ•ใ‚‚ๆ‚ชใ„ใ“ใจใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
19:02
Now, listen to this pronunciation and the way Iโ€™m, the, the intonation I use for this.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใฎ็™บ้Ÿณ ใจใ€็งใŒใ“ใ‚Œใซไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚คใƒณใƒˆใƒใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใฎไป•ๆ–นใ‚’่žใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
19:06
Nothing wrong with that.
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ใใ‚Œใฏไฝ•ใ‚‚ๆ‚ชใ„ใ“ใจใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
19:08
Nothing wrong with that.
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ใใ‚Œใฏไฝ•ใ‚‚ๆ‚ชใ„ใ“ใจใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
19:09
You can also say there's nothing wrong with that.
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ใใ‚Œใงๅ•้กŒใชใ„ใจใ‚‚่จ€ใˆ ใพใ™ใ€‚
19:12
There's nothing wrong with that.
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ใใ‚Œใฏไฝ•ใ‚‚ๆ‚ชใ„ใ“ใจใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
19:13
Now, this is a way of almost agreeing with someone, or yeah, it's, itโ€™s basically agreeing
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ่ชฐใ‹ใซใปใผๅŒๆ„ใ™ใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใงใ™ ใ€‚ใพใŸใฏใ€ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€ๅŸบๆœฌ็š„
19:18
with someone.
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ใซ่ชฐใ‹ใซๅŒๆ„ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
19:19
Uh, or you're saying maybe a person is describing something.
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ใˆใˆใจใ€ใพใŸใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใไบบใŒไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ .
19:22
They're saying, yeah, I, I, like, I went and, you know, got a job doing this thing.
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ€ใˆใˆใ€็งใ€็งใ€็งใฏ่กŒใฃใฆใ€ ใ“ใฎใ“ใจใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’ๅพ—ใŸใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
19:27
And maybe it's not as great as I wanted it to be, but you're like, yeah, that's, thatโ€™s,
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ็งใŒๆœ›ใ‚“ใงใ„ใŸใปใฉ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใงใฏใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ› ใ‚“ใŒใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ€ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€
19:31
that sounds, that sounds good.
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ่‰ฏใ„้Ÿณใงใ™ใ€‚
19:32
There's nothing wrong with that.
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ใใ‚Œใฏไฝ•ใ‚‚ๆ‚ชใ„ใ“ใจใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
19:34
So, I'm saying it's okay that you can do something.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ‚‚ๅคงไธˆๅคซใ ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
19:36
I'm agreeing with that person, or I'm just giving my support for that person.
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็งใฏใใฎไบบใซๅŒๆ„ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ใพใŸใฏ ใใฎไบบใ‚’ๆ”ฏๆŒใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚
19:40
So, wow, there's nothing wrong with that.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ†ใ‚ใƒผใ€ใใ‚Œใฏไฝ•ใ‚‚ๆ‚ชใ„ใ“ใจใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
19:42
And again, there's nothing wrong with that is typically used for something that's average
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็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ ้€šๅธธใ€ๅนณๅ‡็š„ใงๅ•้กŒใฎใชใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใซไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๅ•้กŒใฏ
19:46
and okay.
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ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“.
19:47
So, in the example I just gave about a person, maybe they're 50 years old and they think,
405
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ๅ…ˆใปใฉ็งใŒๆŒ™ใ’ใŸไบบใซใคใ„ใฆใฎไพ‹ใง ่จ€ใˆใฐใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใ50ๆญณใง
19:52
wow, I wish I had a better career.
406
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ใ€ใ‚‚ใฃใจ่‰ฏใ„ใ‚ญใƒฃใƒชใ‚ขใ‚’็ฉใ‚ใฐใ‚ˆใ‹ใฃใŸใจๆ€ใ†ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
19:55
But they had a pretty good one.
407
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ‹ใชใ‚Š่‰ฏใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
19:56
I can say, wow, there's nothing wrong with that.
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ใ†ใ‚ใƒผใ€ใใ‚Œใฏไฝ•ใ‚‚ๆ‚ชใ„ใ“ใจใงใฏใชใ„ใจ่จ€ใˆ ใพใ™ใ€‚
19:58
Or, I can use that as almost a joking way for maybe a friend of mine says, โ€œHey, I
409
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ใพใŸใฏ ใ€็งใฎๅ‹ไบบใŒใ€Œใญใˆ
20:03
just married a model.โ€
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ใ€ใƒขใƒ‡ใƒซใจ็ตๅฉšใ—ใŸใฐใ‹ใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใŸๅ†—่ซ‡ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใใ‚Œใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
20:04
Like, a famous model, and I say, โ€œWow, thereโ€™s nothing wrong with that.โ€
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ๆœ‰ๅใชใƒขใƒ‡ใƒซใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใ€Œใ†ใ‚ใƒผใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ ไฝ•ใ‚‚ๆ‚ชใ„ใ“ใจใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
20:08
So, Iโ€™m, he knows I mean, like, wow, that was an amazing thing.
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€็งใฏใ€ๅฝผใฏ็งใŒๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€ใ†ใ‚ใƒผใ€ใใ‚Œ ใฏ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
20:11
But I'm almost using it in a joking way.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€็งใฏใปใจใ‚“ใฉๅ†—่ซ‡ใงใใ‚Œใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
20:13
There's nothing wrong with that because it's so obvious that, wow, he, he made a good decision
414
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ๅฝผใŒ
20:18
because he married a model or, you know, did something else that was amazing.
415
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ใƒขใƒ‡ใƒซใจ็ตๅฉšใ—ใŸใ‹ใ€ไป–ใฎ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ใ—ใŸใฎใงใ€ๅฝผใŒ่‰ฏใ„ๆฑบๆ–ญใ‚’ใ—ใŸใ“ใจใฏๆ˜Žใ‚‰ใ‹ใชใฎใงใ€ใใ‚Œใฏไฝ•ใ‚‚ๆ‚ชใ„ใ“ใจใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Š ใพใ›ใ‚“.
20:22
There's nothing wrong with that.
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ใใ‚Œใฏไฝ•ใ‚‚ๆ‚ชใ„ใ“ใจใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
20:24
Next, on occasion.
417
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ๆฌกใฏใ€ใจใใฉใใ€‚
20:26
On occasion.
418
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ๆ™‚ใ€…ใ€‚
20:27
Now, this is a more intelligent and educated way of saying sometimes.
419
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๆ™‚ใ€…ใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Š็Ÿฅ็š„ใงๆ•™้คŠใฎใ‚ใ‚‹ ่จ€ใ„ๆ–นใงใ™ใ€‚
20:31
Now, you could use the word sometimes, and that's perfectly fine for conversations.
420
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๆ™‚ใ€…ใใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ไฝฟใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€ใใ—ใฆ ใใ‚Œใฏไผš่ฉฑใซใฏใพใฃใŸใๅ•้กŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“.
20:36
But if you want to take your language to the next level, it's all these little things.
421
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎ่จ€่ชžใ‚’ ๆฌกใฎใƒฌใƒ™ใƒซใซๅผ•ใไธŠใ’ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ™ในใฆใŒใ•ใ•ใ„ใชใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
20:40
Again, you're changing one word here, one word there, and that, wow.
422
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็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใ“ใง 1 ๅ˜่ชžใ€ใ‚ใกใ‚‰ใง 1 ๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ๅค‰ๆ›ดใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
20:44
Not only does it make you sound more native, but it also makes you just sound more intelligent.
423
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ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใƒใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใซ่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใชใใ€ ใ‚ˆใ‚Š็Ÿฅ็š„ใชๅฐ่ฑกใซใ‚‚ใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
20:48
And really, that's going to be more impressive to other people you're speaking with.
424
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ใใ—ใฆๅฎŸ้š›ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไป–ใฎไบบใ€…ใซใจใฃใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ˆใ‚Šๅฐ่ฑก็š„ใชใ‚‚ใฎใซใชใ‚‹ ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
20:52
So, on occasion, I like to go to the zoo.
425
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใจใใฉใๅ‹•็‰ฉๅœ’ใซ่กŒใใฎใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚
20:55
Or, on occasion, at work, I will be doing something.
426
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ใพใŸใฏใ€ๅ ดๅˆใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆใฏใ€ไป•ไบ‹ใง ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
20:58
So, occasionally is the same thing, but it's, uh, on occasion is a little bit more, maybe
427
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ๆ™‚ใ€…ๅŒใ˜ใ“ใจใงใ™ใŒ ใ€ใŸใพใซ่จ€ใ†ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚ใ€ๅฐ‘ใ—ๅคšใใ€
21:04
a little bit more educated, a little bit more advanced than just saying occasionally.
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ใŠใใ‚‰ใใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ—ๆ•™่‚ฒใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ใ€ๅฐ‘ใ— ้€ฒใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
21:08
So, again it's basically the same thing as sometimes, or occasionally, but it just sounds
429
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็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใซใฏ ๆ™‚ใ€…ใ€ใพใŸใฏๆ™‚ใ€…ใจๅŒใ˜ใงใ™ใŒใ€่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹
21:13
a bit stronger, a bit more impressive when you're speaking.
430
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ใจใใซๅฐ‘ใ—ๅผทใใ€ๅฐ‘ใ—ๅฐ่ฑก็š„ใซ่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ ใงใ™.
21:16
On occasion.
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ๆ™‚ใ€…ใ€‚
21:17
On occasion.
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ๆ™‚ใ€…ใ€‚
21:19
Next, that's an exaggeration.
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ๆฌกใซใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ่ช‡ๅผตใงใ™ใ€‚
21:22
That's an exaggeration.
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ใใ‚Œใฏ่ช‡ๅผตใงใ™ใ€‚
21:23
Now, I mentioned the word exaggerate earlier.
435
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ใ•ใฆใ€ๅ…ˆใปใฉ่ช‡ๅผตใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใซใคใ„ใฆ่งฆใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
21:25
I'm talking about to exaggerate something.
436
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็งใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’่ช‡ๅผตใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹.
21:28
Meaning, like, wow, like, he was as big as a house.
437
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ†ใ‚ใƒผใ€ๅฝผใฏๅฎถใจๅŒใ˜ใใ‚‰ใ„ๅคงใใ‹ใฃ ใŸใ€‚
21:31
Now, I don't actually mean the person was as big as a house.
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ใ•ใฆใ€็งใฏๅฎŸ้š›ใซใใฎไบบใŒๅฎถใจๅŒใ˜ใใ‚‰ใ„ๅคงใใ‹ใฃใŸใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ .
21:34
So, I'm exaggerating, but I'm saying that, you know, the guy was pretty big, and I'm
439
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็งใฏ่ช‡ๅผตใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใใฎ็”ทใฏใ‹ใชใ‚Šๅคงใใ‹ใฃใŸใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„
21:38
trying to paint a more interesting picture for you.
440
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ใพใ™.
21:42
So, if you're talking about exaggerating or you can say, โ€œWell, that's an exaggeration.โ€
441
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€่ช‡ๅผตใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ใพใŸใฏ ใ€Œใพใ‚ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ่ช‡ๅผตใงใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
21:46
You'll hear this in the conversation, and you will hear this often maybe in movies or
442
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏไผš่ฉฑใฎไธญใง่žใใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ ๆ˜ ็”ปใ‚„ใƒฌใ‚คใƒใƒผใงใ‚ˆใ่€ณใซใ—ใพใ™
21:50
raver, uh, regular, everyday conversations when people are speaking.
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ใ€‚ใˆใˆใจใ€ ไบบใ€…ใŒ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใฎ้€šๅธธใฎๆ—ฅๅธธไผš่ฉฑใงใ™ใ€‚
21:54
And they'll say, they'll explain something, and they'll say, โ€œWow, it was, like, weโ€ฆ
444
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ— ใ€ใ€Œใ†ใ‚ใƒผใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใ€็งใŸใกใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใงใ—ใŸโ€ฆ
21:58
There was so much rain, and there was almost a flood.โ€
445
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้›จใŒๅคšใ™ใŽ ใฆใ€ๆดชๆฐดใซใชใ‚Šใใ†ใงใ—ใŸใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
22:01
And then they say, โ€œWell, that's an exaggeration, butโ€ฆโ€ something.
446
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ€Œใพใ‚ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๅคงใ’ใ•ใงใ™ ใŒโ€ฆใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
22:05
And typically we use this if we, if we actually want to communicate some important information
447
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5370
ใใ—ใฆใ€้€šๅธธใ€็งใŸใกใŒๅฎŸ้š›ใซ ้‡่ฆใชๆƒ…ๅ ฑใ‚’ไผใˆใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆ
22:10
or, or want people to know the truth.
448
1330540
1790
ใ€ใพใŸใฏไบบใ€…ใซ็œŸๅฎŸใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใ„ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใซใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™.
22:12
So, I begin, I'm excited telling a story.
449
1332330
2910
ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็งใฏ่ฉฑใ‚’ๅง‹ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซ่ˆˆๅฅฎใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
22:15
Say, โ€œWow, there was so much rain.
450
1335240
1390
ใ€Œใ†ใ‚ใƒผใ€ใ™ใ”ใ„้›จใ ใฃใŸใญใ€‚
22:16
There was almost a flood.โ€
451
1336630
1510
ใปใจใ‚“ใฉๆดชๆฐดใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€
22:18
And people are listening, like, โ€œWow.
452
1338140
1960
ใใ—ใฆใ€ไบบใ€…ใฏๆฌกใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
22:20
Is everyone okay?โ€
453
1340100
1000
ใฟใ‚“ใชๅคงไธˆๅคซ๏ผŸใ€
22:21
I say, โ€œWell that, that's an exaggeration, but there was still a lot of rain.โ€
454
1341100
3580
ใ€Œใพใ‚ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๅคงใ’ใ•ใงใ™ ใŒใ€ใใ‚Œใงใ‚‚้›จใŒใŸใใ•ใ‚“้™ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€ใจ็งใฏ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
22:24
So, this is a phrase you can use if you begin, you kind of get people interested in a story.
455
1344680
4860
ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ ไบบใ€…ใซใ‚นใƒˆใƒผใƒชใƒผใซ่ˆˆๅ‘ณใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใ„ใŸใ„ใจใใซไฝฟใˆใ‚‹ใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใงใ™ใ€‚
22:29
But maybe you get excited, you get carried away.
456
1349540
3430
ใงใ‚‚ใ€่ˆˆๅฅฎใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ€ๅคขไธญใซใชใฃใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚
22:32
This is another great phrasal verb where you're talking about being pulled by a story.
457
1352970
4050
ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ ใ€็‰ฉ่ชžใซๅผ•ใฃๅผตใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅˆฅใฎ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ๅฅๅ‹•่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚
22:37
Like, wow, I'm getting carried away.
458
1357020
1480
ใ†ใ‚ใƒผใ€็งใฏๅคขไธญใซใชใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
22:38
I'm telling this story about this amazing thing that happened.
459
1358500
2850
็งใฏใ“ใฎ้ฉšใในใๅ‡บๆฅไบ‹ใซใคใ„ใฆใ“ใฎ่ฉฑใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ ใพใ™ใ€‚
22:41
But, I think I'm getting it, I'm getting excited.
460
1361350
3050
ใงใ‚‚ใ€ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸๆฐ—ใŒใ—ใฆใ€ใƒ‰ใ‚ญใƒ‰ใ‚ญใ—ใฆใใพใ™ใ€‚
22:44
I'm exaggerating.
461
1364400
1000
็งใฏ่ช‡ๅผตใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
22:45
So, that's an exaggeration, butโ€ฆ
462
1365400
2410
ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ่ช‡ๅผตใงใ™ใŒโ€ฆ
22:47
And then you begin explaining maybe a more kind of simple, or the accurate thing, what
463
1367810
4980
ใใ—ใฆใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใใ‚‚ใฃใจ ๅ˜็ด”ใชใ€ใพใŸใฏๆญฃ็ขบใชใ“ใจใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซไฝ•
22:52
really happened.
464
1372790
1590
ใŒ่ตทใ“ใฃใŸใฎใ‹ใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ™ใ€‚
22:54
That's an exaggeration.
465
1374380
1480
ใใ‚Œใฏ่ช‡ๅผตใงใ™ใ€‚
22:55
Next, every something counts.
466
1375860
3010
ๆฌกใซใ€ใ™ในใฆใŒ้‡่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚
22:58
Now, this is a really great thing you can use in conversations, or you're talking about
467
1378870
4580
ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏไผš่ฉฑใงไฝฟ็”จใงใใ‚‹้žๅธธใซๅ„ชใ‚ŒใŸๆฉŸ่ƒฝ ใงใ™ใ€‚ใพใŸใฏ
23:03
in a professional setting where, uh, as an example I could say, โ€œEvery, like, every
468
1383450
5020
ใ€ ไพ‹ใจใ—ใฆใ€ใ€Œ็งใŸใกใŒ็จผใ„ใ ใ™ในใฆใฎใƒ‰ใƒซใŒ้‡่ฆใงใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ๅฐ‚้–€็š„ใช่จญๅฎšใง่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™
23:08
dollar we earn counts.โ€
469
1388470
1630
ใ€‚
23:10
So, we shouldn't be thinking about, like, it's, itโ€™s important to focus only on sales
470
1390100
5100
ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใฎๅฃฒไธŠใ ใ‘ใซ้›†ไธญใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒ้‡่ฆใ ใ€ใชใฉใจ่€ƒใˆใ‚‹ในใใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
23:15
from over here.
471
1395200
1000
ใ€‚
23:16
We don't really care about sales from this department or something.
472
1396200
2930
็งใŸใกใฏใ€ใ“ใฎ้ƒจ้–€ใ‹ใ‚‰ใฎๅฃฒใ‚ŠไธŠใ’ใชใฉใฏใ‚ใพใ‚Šๆฐ—ใซใ— ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
23:19
Every sale counts.
473
1399130
1400
ใ™ในใฆใฎ่ฒฉๅฃฒใŒ้‡่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚
23:20
So, to count means it's important.
474
1400530
2230
ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๆ•ฐใˆใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒ้‡่ฆใ ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
23:22
It matters.
475
1402760
1000
ใใ‚Œใฏ้‡่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚
23:23
There's a reason for it, and because of that, like, it's a thing that we should be thinking
476
1403760
4380
ใใ‚Œใซใฏ็†็”ฑใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ ็งใŸใกใŒ่€ƒใˆใ‚‹ในใใ“ใจ
23:28
about.
477
1408140
1000
ใงใ™ใ€‚
23:29
So, every little bit counts or every little bit helps or every little bit makes a difference.
478
1409140
4950
ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ™ในใฆใฎๅฐใ•ใชใ“ใจใŒ้‡่ฆใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€ใ™ในใฆใŒ ๅฝน็ซ‹ใคใ‹ใ€ใพใŸใฏใ™ในใฆใŒ้•ใ„ใ‚’็”Ÿใฟใพใ™ใ€‚
23:34
So, if I'm going out and I'm getting, maybe, money from some people.
479
1414090
3760
ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚‚ใ—็งใŒๅ‡บใ‹ใ‘ใฆใ„ใฆใ€่ชฐใ‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใŠ้‡‘ใ‚’ใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ› ใ‚“ใ€‚
23:37
If I'm asking for donations, you'll hear this a lot.
480
1417850
3120
็งใŒๅฏ„ไป˜ใ‚’ๆฑ‚ใ‚ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใชใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ใ‚ˆใ่žใใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚
23:40
Um, so if, if, if people are coming to me and they say, โ€œI'm sorry.
481
1420970
3620
ใˆใˆใจใ€ใ‚‚ใ—ใ€ไบบใ€…ใŒ็งใฎใจใ“ใ‚ใซๆฅ ใฆใ€ใ€Œใ”ใ‚ใ‚“ใชใ•ใ„ใ€‚
23:44
I only have 25 cents,โ€ or something which is not very much money.
482
1424590
4550
็งใฏ 25 ใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใ—ใ‹ๆŒใฃใฆ ใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
23:49
And they say, โ€œI only have 25 cents.โ€
483
1429140
2280
ใใ—ใฆๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ€ใ€Œ็งใฏ 25 ใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใ—ใ‹ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
23:51
I say, โ€œThat's fantastic.
484
1431420
1630
็งใฏ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
23:53
Every little bit counts.โ€
485
1433050
1500
ใ™ในใฆใฎๅฐใ•ใชใ“ใจใŒ้‡่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€
23:54
So, every little bit helps.
486
1434550
1600
ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ๅฐ‘ใ—ใšใคๅฝนใซ็ซ‹ใกใพใ™ใ€‚
23:56
Every little bit is important.
487
1436150
1270
ๅฐ‘ใ—ใšใคใงใ‚‚ๅคงไบ‹ใงใ™ใ€‚
23:57
It doesn't matter if it's $10,000 or 25 cents.
488
1437420
3460
10,000ใƒ‰ใƒซใงใ‚‚25ใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใงใ‚‚ๆง‹ใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
24:00
We want all of that, so we can help, you know, for our cause or whatever we're getting donations
489
1440880
4420
็งใŸใกใฏใใฎใ™ในใฆใ‚’ๆœ›ใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใง ใ€็งใŸใกใฎๅคง็พฉใฎใŸใ‚ใซใ€ใพใŸใฏๅฏ„ไป˜ใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใฎใŸใ‚ใซใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซๅŠฉใ‘ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™
24:05
for.
490
1445300
1000
.
24:06
Every little bit helps.
491
1446300
1000
ๅฐ‘ใ—ใšใคๅฝนใซ็ซ‹ใกใพใ™ใ€‚
24:07
So, every X helps, or every X counts.
492
1447300
3650
ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ™ในใฆใฎ X ใŒๅฝน็ซ‹ใคใ‹ใ€ใ™ในใฆใฎ X ใŒใ‚ซใ‚ฆใƒณใƒˆใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
24:10
Next, here's a really fantastic phrase, in my X days.
493
1450950
4190
ๆฌกใซใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บ ใงใ™ใ€‚็งใฎ X ๆ—ฅ้–“ใงใ™ใ€‚
24:15
So, in my camping days, in my baseball playing days, in my, my youth, uh, but you're talking
494
1455140
6530
ใคใพใ‚Šใ€็งใฎใ‚ญใƒฃใƒณใƒ—ๆ™‚ไปฃใ€้‡Ž็ƒใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใŸ ๆ™‚ไปฃใ€็งใฎ่‹ฅใ„้ ƒใ€ใˆใˆใจใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ
24:21
about specific days as when I was doing a particular thing.
495
1461670
3670
็งใŒ็‰นๅฎšใฎใ“ใจใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใจใใฎ็‰นๅฎšใฎๆ—ฅใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆ ใ„ใ‚‹.
24:25
So, when I was in college, like, in my college days or in my college years.
496
1465340
4450
ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็งใŒๅคงๅญฆใซใ„ใŸใจใใ€ๅคงๅญฆ ๆ™‚ไปฃใ‚„ๅคงๅญฆๆ™‚ไปฃใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€‚
24:29
You can use that as well.
497
1469790
1290
ใใ‚Œใ‚‚ไฝฟใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
24:31
Uh, but this sounds a bit more interesting and educated and really just more poetic.
498
1471080
4480
ใˆใˆใจใ€ใงใ‚‚ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ—้ข็™ฝใ ใฆๆ•™้คŠใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏใ‚‚ใฃใจ่ฉฉ็š„ใซ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
24:35
And this is what I'm trying to help you do.
499
1475560
2200
ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒ็งใŒใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ๅŠฉใ‘ใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใชใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใƒ
24:37
Not only learn to communicate fluently as basic speech, but how you can sound more interesting
500
1477760
5080
ใจใ—ใฆๆตๆšขใซใ‚ณใƒŸใƒฅใƒ‹ใ‚ฑใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใ™ใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’ๅญฆใถใ ใ‘ ใงใชใใ€่ฉฑใ™ใจใใซใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ‚‚ใฃใจ้ข็™ฝใ
24:42
and colorful and impressive when you speak, so that you can really just, again, you're
501
1482840
4650
ใ€ใ‚ซใƒฉใƒ•ใƒซใงๅฐ่ฑก็š„ใซ่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’ๅญฆใถใ“ใจใงใ€ไบบใ€… ใ‚’ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๆ„Ÿๅ‹•ใ•ใ›ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™
24:47
impressing people.
502
1487490
1120
.
24:48
And you're actually communicating in a more interesting way, uh, that really captures
503
1488610
4420
ๅฎŸ้š›ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ‚‚ใฃใจ้ข็™ฝใ„ๆ–นๆณ•ใงใ‚ณใƒŸใƒฅใƒ‹ใ‚ฑใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใ‚’ๅ–ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™
24:53
people's attention.
504
1493030
1160
ใ€‚
24:54
So, when you're just saying, โ€œI went to the store yesterday.โ€
505
1494190
2780
ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ€Œๆ˜จๆ—ฅๅบ—ใซ่กŒใฃใŸใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใ™ ใ€‚
24:56
That's perfectly fine, but if you can say, uh, like, โ€œI went to this really interesting
506
1496970
4210
ใใ‚ŒใฏใพใฃใŸใๅ•้กŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒ ใ€ใ€Œ็งใฏใ“ใฎๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใซ่กŒใใพใ—ใŸใ€ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚Œใฐ
25:01
thing.โ€
507
1501180
1000
.
25:02
And you can describe it in detail and use similes and metaphors and all of that.
508
1502180
4290
ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’่ฉณ็ดฐใซ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใ€็›ดๅ–ฉใ‚„ๆฏ”ๅ–ฉใชใฉใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใ ใพใ™ใ€‚
25:06
So, that's why you could say, โ€œWhen I was in school.โ€
509
1506470
3640
ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ€Œๅญฆ็”Ÿๆ™‚ไปฃใ€ใจ่จ€ใˆใ‚‹ใฎ ใงใ™ใ€‚
25:10
That's perfectly fine in a conversation.
510
1510110
1600
ไผš่ฉฑใงใฏๅ…จ็„ถใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
25:11
But you sound more educated and impressive and you can say, โ€œIn my school days.โ€
511
1511710
3970
ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ‚ˆใ‚Šๆ•™้คŠใŒใ‚ใ‚Šๅฐ่ฑก็š„ ใงใ€ใ€Œ็งใฎๅญฆ็”Ÿๆ™‚ไปฃใซใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
25:15
Or, in my baseball playing days, or in the conversation you'll hear, โ€œIn my camping
512
1515680
4530
ใพใŸใฏใ€้‡Ž็ƒใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใจใใ‚„ ใ€ใ‚ญใƒฃใƒณใƒ—ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใจใใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใ€Œใ‚ญใƒฃใƒณใƒ—ใฎๆ—ฅใ€ใจใ„ใ†ไผš่ฉฑใŒ่žใ“ใˆใฆใใพใ™
25:20
days,โ€ like, when I was camping.
513
1520210
2020
ใ€‚
25:22
So, that's something again you do.
514
1522230
1590
ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใใ‚ŒใฏใพใŸใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
25:23
Uh, you maybe don't do now, but you did, uh, many years ago, uh, or just some time in the
515
1523820
6150
ใˆใˆใจใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไปŠใฏใ—ใฆใ„ใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ใˆใˆใจใ€ ไฝ•ๅนดใ‚‚ๅ‰ใซใ€ใˆใˆใจใ€ใพใŸใฏ้ŽๅŽปใฎใ‚ใ‚‹ๆ™‚ๆœŸใซใ—ใพใ—ใŸ
25:29
past.
516
1529970
1000
ใ€‚
25:30
But you're describing that as in my working days or my camping days.
517
1530970
3110
ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’็งใฎไป•ไบ‹ใฎ ๆ—ฅใ‚„ใ‚ญใƒฃใƒณใƒ—ใฎๆ—ฅใจ่กจ็พใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
25:34
Or, you can say days or years even.
518
1534080
3190
ใพใŸใฏใ€ๆ•ฐๆ—ฅใพใŸใฏๆ•ฐๅนดใจใ•ใˆ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
25:37
Next, I want to explain something that's important for casual conversational speech, but maybe
519
1537270
5610
ๆฌกใซใ€ใ‚ซใ‚ธใƒฅใ‚ขใƒซใชไผš่ฉฑใง้‡่ฆใชใ“ใจใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใ„
25:42
you shouldn't use it very often, but again, it's better than using, uh, something in your
520
1542880
4650
ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ‚ใพใ‚Š้ ป็นใซไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ในใใงใฏใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒ ใ€ๆฏๅ›ฝ่ชžใงไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใฏใพใ—
25:47
native language.
521
1547530
1000
ใงใ™ใ€‚
25:48
Like, a filler word, like, โ€˜umโ€™ or โ€˜uhโ€™ in English is better than using a filler word
522
1548530
4810
ๅŒๆง˜ใซใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใฎใ€Œumใ€ใ‚„ใ€Œuhใ€ใชใฉใฎใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒฉใƒผใƒฏใƒผใƒ‰ใฏใ€ๆฏๅ›ฝ่ชžใง ใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒฉใƒผใƒฏใƒผใƒ‰ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚ๅ„ชใ‚Œ
25:53
in your native language.
523
1553340
1280
ใฆใ„ใพใ™.
25:54
Uh, so this is if I'm trying to explain something, youโ€™ll often hear native speakers, especially
524
1554620
5170
ใˆใˆใจใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใŒใ€ ใƒใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ– ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใ€็‰นใซ
25:59
Americans, use the word โ€˜likeโ€™.
525
1559790
1870
ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซไบบใŒใ€Œlikeใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ใ‚ˆใ่€ณใซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
26:01
And they're saying, like, when I did this.
526
1561660
2590
ใใ—ใฆใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ€็งใŒใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ใ—ใŸใจใใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
26:04
And they're not using it as the actual formal definition of like.
527
1564250
4000
ใใ—ใฆใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅฅฝใใฎๅฎŸ้š›ใฎๆญฃๅผใชๅฎš็พฉใจใ—ใฆไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ› ใ‚“.
26:08
It's a filler word.
528
1568250
1190
ใใ‚Œใฏใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒฉใƒผใƒฏใƒผใƒ‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
26:09
It's a placeholder.
529
1569440
1290
ใƒ—ใƒฌใƒผใ‚นใƒ›ใƒซใƒ€ใƒผใงใ™ใ€‚
26:10
So, I'm, I can't think of something.
530
1570730
2100
ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็งใฏใ€็งใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’่€ƒใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
26:12
So, when I was, like, in school, you don't really want to speak like that.
531
1572830
4410
ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็งใŒๅญฆๆ กใซใ„ใŸใจใใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซใใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฉฑใ—ใŸใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸ.
26:17
But again, it's better than using filler words in your native language.
532
1577240
2690
็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€ๆฏๅ›ฝ่ชžใงใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒฉใƒผ ใƒฏใƒผใƒ‰ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚ๅ„ชใ‚Œ ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
26:19
If you can stop using yourself like that, uh, or stop, uh, using that in your conversations,
533
1579930
5880
ใใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่‡ชๅˆ†่‡ช่บซใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’ใ‚„ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚Œใฐใ€ใˆใˆใจใ€ใˆใˆใจใ€ไผš่ฉฑใงใใ‚Œใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’ใ‚„ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚Œใฐ ใ€
26:25
then that's ideal.
534
1585810
1590
ใใ‚Œใฏ็†ๆƒณ็š„ใงใ™.
26:27
But you will hear it a lot, and so I want to prepare you for that in conversations because
535
1587400
3610
ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ‚ˆใ่€ณใซใ™ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ๅคšใใฎไบบใŒใใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฉฑใ™ใฎใงใ€็ง ใฏไผš่ฉฑใงใ‚ใชใŸใซใใฎๆบ–ๅ‚™ใ‚’ใ—ใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™
26:31
a lot of people do speak like that.
536
1591010
1900
.
26:32
And you will hear me, and my sister as well, uh, using the word like in this way.
537
1592910
4530
ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ็งใจ็งใฎๅฆนใ‚‚ใ€ ใˆใˆใจใ€ใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ไฝฟใ†ใฎใ‚’่žใใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†.
26:37
So, you can say, like, how when something.
538
1597440
3040
ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ€ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
26:40
So, people will hear, you'll hear a couple different words like this.
539
1600480
3670
ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ไบบใ€…ใฏ่žใใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ ใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎ็•ฐใชใ‚‹่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’่žใใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†.
26:44
Listen for this in the conversation.
540
1604150
1860
ไผš่ฉฑใงใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่žใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
26:46
If I'm explaining something, uh, you can use it correctly when you say, โ€œYou know how
541
1606010
4350
็งใŒไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ใˆใˆใจ ใ€ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใจใใซๆญฃใ—ใไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™
26:50
when you do something.โ€
542
1610360
2140
ใ€‚
26:52
You know how, like, when, or you know how, like, how.
543
1612500
4680
ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใ„ใคใ€ใฉใฎ ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹ใ€‚
26:57
You'll hear people use these different combinations of, you know.
544
1617180
3190
ไบบใ€…ใŒใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใ•ใพใ–ใพใช็ต„ใฟๅˆใ‚ใ›ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’่žใใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚
27:00
Uh, so, ya know, or you know how when I'm trying to explain someone.
545
1620370
4430
ใˆใˆใจใ€ใใ†ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€็งใŒ ่ชฐใ‹ใซ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹ใ€‚
27:04
Like, you know, like, you know what I'm talking about because I can't quite explain it well.
546
1624800
4170
ใ‚ˆใ่ชฌๆ˜Žใงใใชใ„ใฎใงใ€็งใŒ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
27:08
I'm looking for a connection with someone, like, โ€œAh!
547
1628970
2620
็งใฏ่ชฐใ‹ใจใฎใคใชใŒใ‚Šใ‚’ๆŽขใ—ใฆใ„ ใพใ™ใ€‚
27:11
I can't quite explain it, but you know what I'm talking about.โ€
548
1631590
3140
ใ†ใพใ่ชฌๆ˜Žใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€็งใŒไฝ• ใ‚’่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฏใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€
27:14
You know what I'm talking about.
549
1634730
1560
็งใŒ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจๅˆ†ใ‹ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ€‚
27:16
And you'll see this in conversations when people are, theyโ€™re trying to make a connection
550
1636290
3300
ใใ—ใฆใ€ไบบใ€…ใŒ่ชฐใ‹ใจใคใชใŒใ‚Šใ‚’ๆŒใจใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใฎไผš่ฉฑใงใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™
27:19
with someone.
551
1639590
1000
ใ€‚
27:20
They're trying to explain something but can't quite find the words.
552
1640590
2740
ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ ใพใ™ใŒใ€่จ€่‘‰ใŒใ†ใพใ่ฆ‹ใคใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
27:23
And I know this is a problem for a lot of learners, but it's something that happens
553
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅคšใใฎๅญฆ็ฟ’่€…ใซใจใฃใฆๅ•้กŒใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใ‹ใฃ ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใŒ
27:26
in native speakers all the time.
554
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ใ€ใƒใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ– ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใฎ้–“ใงใฏๅธธใซ่ตทใใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
27:28
So, you can say, you know how when you're doing something.
555
1648130
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ ใ€‚
27:30
So, I give an example.
556
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็งใฏไพ‹ใ‚’ๆŒ™ใ’ใพใ™ใ€‚ ่‡ช่ปข่ปŠใซ
27:31
You know how when youโ€™re, youโ€™re out riding your bike, and, uh, maybe you're not paying
557
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ไน—ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ ใซใ€ๆณจๆ„ใ‚’ๆ€ ใฃใฆใ„ใฆ
27:36
attention and a car almost hits you.
558
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ใ€่ปŠใซใถใคใ‹ใ‚Šใใ†ใซใชใฃใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
27:39
So, you, you give an example of that.
559
1659070
1979
ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใฎไพ‹ใ‚’ๆŒ™ใ’ใพใ™ใ€‚
27:41
You'll see this in standup comedy in America and other countries as well when people say,
560
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ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซ ใ‚„ไป–ใฎๅ›ฝใฎใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒณใƒ€ใƒƒใƒ— ใ‚ณใƒกใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใƒผใงใ‚‚ใ€
27:45
โ€œYou know how when you're doing something?โ€
561
1665680
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ใ€Œ่‡ชๅˆ†ใŒไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใซใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ‚„ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹?ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ‚ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
27:47
They're, theyโ€™re trying to get you to connect with, uh, a particular experience without
562
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใใ‚Œใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใชใใ€ใˆใˆใจใ€็‰นๅฎšใฎ็ตŒ้จ“ใซใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ๆŽฅ็ถšใ•ใ›ใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™
27:51
really having to explain that.
563
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.
27:53
So, you know how when or you know how, like, you're doing something.
564
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ„ใคใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใพใŸใฏใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’่กŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
27:58
Next, a close call.
565
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ๆฌกใซใ€ๅฑๆฉŸไธ€้ซชใ€‚
28:00
A close call.
566
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ๅฑๆฉŸไธ€้ซชใ€‚
28:02
You can also call this a close encounter, or a close shave.
567
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ๆŽฅ่ฟ‘้ญ้‡ใ€ ใพใŸใฏๆทฑๅ‰ƒใ‚Šใจใ‚‚่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
28:05
So, if I'm shaving really close, it just means I get the hair as close as possible to my
568
1685870
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€็งใŒๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ่ฟ‘ใใพใงๅ‰ƒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๅ˜ใซ ้ซชใ‚’่‚Œใซใงใใ‚‹ใ ใ‘่ฟ‘ใฅใ‘ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—
28:11
skin.
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ใพใ™.
28:12
It's a close shave or a close call.
570
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ใƒ’ใ‚ฒๅ‰ƒใ‚Šใ‹ใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚ฎใƒชใ‹ใ€‚
28:14
Now, this is something and related to this we also have in a more serious way, a life
571
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใซ้–ข้€ฃใ— ใฆใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Šๆทฑๅˆปใชๆ–นๆณ•ใงใ€็”Ÿ
28:19
or death experience.
572
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ใ‹ๆญปใ‹ใฎ็ตŒ้จ“ใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
28:21
It was a life or death experience.
573
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็”Ÿใ‹ๆญปใ‹ใฎไฝ“้จ“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
28:22
Like, uh, like, almost, uh, like a life-changing experience because I almost died.
574
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็งใฏใปใจใ‚“ใฉๆญปใซใ‹ใ‘ใŸใฎใงใ€ไบบ็”Ÿใ‚’ๅค‰ใˆใ‚‹็ตŒ้จ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ ใ€‚
28:28
Like, a near-death experience.
575
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ใฟใŸใ„ใชใ€่‡จๆญปไฝ“้จ“ใ€‚
28:30
A near-death experience.
576
1710300
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่‡จๆญปไฝ“้จ“ใ€‚
28:32
And in these ways, all of these things are describing where maybe something almost happened
577
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ใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ™ในใฆใฎใ“ใจใฏ ใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใไฝ•ใ‹ใŒ
28:38
to you.
578
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ใ‚ใชใŸใซ่ตทใ“ใ‚Šใใ†ใซใชใฃใŸๅ ดๆ‰€ใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
28:39
There was almost some problem.
579
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ใปใจใ‚“ใฉๅ•้กŒใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
28:40
You almost got attacked by a bear or bit by a snake or something, but you were saved.
580
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็†Šใซ่ฅฒใ‚ใ‚Œใใ†ใซใชใฃใŸใ‚Š ใ€่›‡ใ‹ไฝ•ใ‹ใซๅ™›ใพใ‚Œใใ†ใซใชใฃใŸใ‘ใฉๅŠฉใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
28:47
So, maybe, uh, some lightning struck, like, three feet from me.
581
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใŸใถใ‚“ใ€ใˆใˆใจใ€ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎ็จฒๅฆป ใŒ็งใ‹ใ‚‰3ใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒˆ้›ขใ‚ŒใŸใจใ“ใ‚ใซ่ฝใกใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
28:51
And I thought, wow!
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ†ใ‚ใƒผ๏ผ
28:52
I was almost struck by lightning, but I actually wasn't.
583
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็งใฏ็จฒๅฆปใซๆ‰“ใŸใ‚Œใใ†ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใŒใ€ๅฎŸ้š› ใซใฏใใ†ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
28:55
So, I was safe, but almost.
584
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็งใฏๅฎ‰ๅ…จใงใ—ใŸใŒใ€ใปใจใ‚“ใฉใ€‚
28:57
So, it was a, it was a close shave.
585
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๆทฑๅ‰ƒใ‚Šใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
28:59
It was, uh, uh, almost, uh, a near-death experience.
586
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ€ใ‚ใƒผใ€ใ‚ใƒผใ€ใปใจใ‚“ใฉใ€ใ‚ใƒผใ€่‡จๆญปไฝ“้จ“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
29:02
So, I thought I was going to die, or I thought there was going to be some problem, but I
587
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ๆญปใฌใ‹ใ€ ไฝ•ใ‹ๅ•้กŒใŒ่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ใ‹ใจๆ€ใฃใŸใ‘ใฉใ€
29:07
was safe.
588
1747220
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็„กไบ‹ใ ใฃใŸใ€‚
29:08
Next, a great phrasal verb, to go down.
589
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ๆฌกใซใ€ใ™ใฐใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ๅฅๅ‹•่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚
29:11
And to go down is a more conversational way of saying that something happens.
590
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ใใ—ใฆใ€go down ใฏใ€ ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒ่ตทใ“ใฃใŸใ“ใจใ‚’ใ‚ˆใ‚Šไผš่ฉฑ็š„ใซไผใˆใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใงใ™ใ€‚
29:15
So, if I ask someone, โ€œHey, what happened at the party?โ€
591
1755390
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€่ชฐใ‹ใซใ€Œใญใˆใ€ใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใงไฝ•ใŒ่ตทใ“ใฃใŸใฎ๏ผŸใ€ใจๅฐ‹ใญใ‚‹ใจใ€
29:18
I could say in a more casual and conversational way, โ€œWhat went down at the party?โ€
592
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ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚ซใ‚ธใƒฅใ‚ขใƒซใงไผš่ฉฑ ็š„ใชๆ–นๆณ•ใงใ€ใ€Œใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใงไฝ•ใŒ่ตทใ“ใฃใŸใฎใงใ™ใ‹?ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
29:23
Or โ€œWhat went down at the office?โ€
593
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ใพใŸใฏใ€Œใ‚ชใƒ•ใ‚ฃใ‚นใงไฝ•ใŒ่ตทใ“ใฃใŸใฎใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€
29:25
Now, typically this is not a professional way of describing this, but even at an office
594
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้€šๅธธใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅฐ‚้–€็š„ใช่จ€ใ„ๆ–นใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใŒใ€ใ‚ชใƒ•ใ‚ฃใ‚น
29:29
when you're talking with someone in a casual conversational way, you can say, โ€œOh, what
595
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ใง่ชฐใ‹ใจใ‚ซใ‚ธใƒฅใ‚ขใƒซใช ไผš่ฉฑใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใงใ‚‚ใ€ใ€Œๆ˜จๆ—ฅใฎไผš่ญฐใงไฝ•ใŒ่ตทใ“ใฃใŸใฎใงใ™ใ‹?ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใ
29:34
went down at the meeting yesterday?โ€
596
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ใพใ™ใ€‚
29:36
So, I'm talking with a friend of mine, he's a colleague at work, and we can communicate
597
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4280
ใใ‚Œใงใ€็งใฏ็งใฎๅ‹ไบบใจ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ๅฝผ ใฏ่ทๅ ดใฎๅŒๅƒšใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€็งใŸใกใฏ
29:40
in a casual conversational way.
598
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ใ‚ซใ‚ธใƒฅใ‚ขใƒซใชไผš่ฉฑใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใงใ‚ณใƒŸใƒฅใƒ‹ใ‚ฑใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใ‚’ใจใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
29:42
But maybe my boss, I wouldn't talk about that.
599
1782140
2190
ใงใ‚‚ใ€ใŸใถใ‚“็งใฎไธŠๅธใ€็งใฏใใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
29:44
Or, if I'm giving a presentation or selling something, unless it's a casual situation,
600
1784330
4760
ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏใ€ใƒ—ใƒฌใ‚ผใƒณใƒ†ใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใ‚„่ฒฉๅฃฒใฎ ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒใ‚ซใ‚ธใƒฅใ‚ขใƒซใช็Šถๆณใงใชใ„้™ใ‚Š
29:49
I probably wouldn't do that.
601
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ใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใ่กŒใ‚ใชใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
29:50
But it's a great way of de, describing something happening in a casual way.
602
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ de ใฎๅ„ชใ‚ŒใŸๆ–นๆณ•ใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒ ่ตทใ“ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ใ•ใ‚Šใ’ใชใ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
29:55
What went down, or what's going down tomorrow.
603
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ไฝ•ใŒใƒ€ใ‚ฆใƒณใ—ใŸใ‹ใ€ใพใŸใฏๆ˜Žๆ—ฅไฝ•ใŒใƒ€ใ‚ฆใƒณใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€‚
29:58
Next, to have your wits about you.
604
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ๆฌกใซใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใซใคใ„ใฆใฎใ‚ใชใŸใฎ็Ÿฅๆตใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
30:01
Now, we, you can talk about something being around you or about you.
605
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ใ•ใฆใ€็งใŸใกใฏใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅ‘จใ‚Šใซใ‚ใ‚‹ไฝ•ใ‹ใ€ใพใŸใฏใ‚ใชใŸใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใ“ใจใŒใงใ ใพใ™ใ€‚
30:05
It just means near you in some way, uh, and this just means we're taking a physical idea
606
1805400
5080
ใใ‚Œใฏไฝ•ใ‚‰ใ‹ใฎๅฝขใงใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่ฟ‘ใใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ็งใŸใกใŒ
30:10
of having something near you or about you or around you.
607
1810480
3930
ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่ฟ‘ใใซใ€ใพใŸใฏใ‚ใชใŸใซใคใ„ใฆใ€ใพใŸใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅ‘จใ‚Šใซไฝ•ใ‹ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†็‰ฉ็†็š„ใช่€ƒใˆใ‚’ๅ–ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณ ใ—ใพใ™.
30:14
But we're talking about your wits.
608
1814410
2000
ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€็งใŸใกใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎ็Ÿฅๆตใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹.
30:16
And having your wits about you just means you're, youโ€™re smart and you're ready to,
609
1816410
4000
ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ็Ÿฅๆตใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ† ใ“ใจใฏใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ้ ญใŒ่‰ฏใใ€ๅ•้กŒใŒ็™บ็”Ÿใ—ใŸๅ ดๅˆใซ่€ƒใˆใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใซๅๅฟœใ™ใ‚‹ๆบ–ๅ‚™ใŒใงใใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™
30:20
to think and to react to something if there is a problem.
610
1820410
2600
.
30:23
So, if I'm camping and I'm walking around, I'm listening to music.
611
1823010
3620
ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ญใƒฃใƒณใƒ—ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใฆๆญฉใๅ›žใฃ ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใฏใ€้Ÿณๆฅฝใ‚’่ดใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
30:26
Uh, I'm maybe going out traveling in the woods, and I, I, I'm not really paying attention.
612
1826630
5630
ใˆใˆใจใ€็งใฏๆฃฎใฎไธญใ‚’ๆ—…ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒ ใ€็งใฏใ€็งใฏใ€ใ‚ใพใ‚Šๆณจๆ„ใ‚’ๆ‰•ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
30:32
I'm not paying attention to what's happening around me.
613
1832260
2260
่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎๅ‘จใ‚Šใง่ตทใ“ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๆณจๆ„ใ‚’ๆ‰•ใฃใฆใ„ ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
30:34
I don't have my wits about me.
614
1834520
2040
็งใฏ็งใซใคใ„ใฆ็งใฎ็Ÿฅๆตใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
30:36
So, maybe a bear can jump and grab me, and then, oh no!
615
1836560
2870
ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ฏใƒžใŒใ‚ธใƒฃใƒณใƒ—ใ—ใฆ็งใ‚’ใคใ‹ใ‚€ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ› ใ‚“ใ€‚
30:39
I, I, I had no idea because I wasn't listening for the bear.
616
1839430
3840
็งใ€็งใ€ใ‚ฏใƒžใฎๅฃฐใ‚’่žใ„ใฆใ„ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใฎใงใ€ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
30:43
To have your wits about you.
617
1843270
2090
ใ‚ใชใŸใซใคใ„ใฆใฎใ‚ใชใŸใฎ็Ÿฅๆตใ‚’ๆŒใคใŸใ‚ใซใ€‚
30:45
To have your wits about you.
618
1845360
2260
ใ‚ใชใŸใซใคใ„ใฆใฎใ‚ใชใŸใฎ็Ÿฅๆตใ‚’ๆŒใคใŸใ‚ใซใ€‚
30:47
Next, who can say?
619
1847620
1990
ๆฌกใซใ€่ชฐใŒ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
30:49
Who can say?
620
1849610
1000
่ชฐใŒ่จ€ใˆใ‚‹ใฎ๏ผŸ
30:50
Now, who can say is a great response you can give someone when they say, โ€œWellโ€ฆโ€
621
1850610
4520
ใ•ใฆใ€ ่ชฐใ‹ใŒใ€Œใ†ใƒผใ‚“โ€ฆใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใŸใจใใซใ‚ใชใŸใŒไธŽใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ๅฟœ็ญ”ใฏ่ชฐใ ใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ‹ใ€
30:55
Maybe something happened, or we don't really know or weโ€™re guessing about something.
622
1855130
4770
ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒ่ตทใ“ใฃใŸใฎใ‹ใ€ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใฎ ใ‹ใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๆŽจๆธฌใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹.
30:59
Like, which do you think would better?
623
1859900
1520
ไพ‹ใˆใฐใ€ใฉใฃใกใŒใ„ใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
31:01
Like, weโ€™re, like, who would win in a fight?
624
1861420
2410
ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€็งใŸใกใฏใ€ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€่ชฐใŒๆˆฆใ„ใซๅ‹ใคใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹?
31:03
Like, Superman, or, you know, some other superhero or something.
625
1863830
3370
ใ‚นใƒผใƒ‘ใƒผใƒžใƒณใจใ‹ใ€ไป–ใฎใ‚นใƒผใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ’ใƒผใƒญใƒผ ใจใ‹ใ€‚
31:07
And maybe you don't really know.
626
1867200
1630
ใใ—ใฆๅคšๅˆ†ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ€‚
31:08
You know, their powers are pretty similar, and there really is no answer for it.
627
1868830
3541
ใ”ๅญ˜็Ÿฅใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฎๅŠ›ใฏใ‹ใชใ‚ŠไผผใฆใŠใ‚Šใ€ ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏ็ญ”ใˆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“.
31:12
You could say, โ€œWell, who can say?โ€
628
1872371
1629
ใ€Œใพใ‚ใ€่ชฐใŒ่จ€ใˆใ‚‹๏ผŸใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
31:14
It just means, well, I don't know, or maybe we can guess about something.
629
1874000
3170
ใใ‚Œใฏๅ˜ใซใ€็งใซใฏใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ€ใพใŸใฏ ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๆŽจๆธฌใงใใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
31:17
But we don't really know.
630
1877170
1710
ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€็งใŸใกใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ็Ÿฅใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
31:18
Who can say?
631
1878880
1030
่ชฐใŒ่จ€ใˆใ‚‹ใฎ๏ผŸ
31:19
Who can say?
632
1879910
1200
่ชฐใŒ่จ€ใˆใ‚‹ใฎ๏ผŸ
31:21
Next, when you're talking about groups of people, especially when you're camping or
633
1881110
4160
ๆฌกใซใ€ใ‚ฐใƒซใƒผใƒ—ใซใคใ„ใฆ ่ฉฑใ™ใจใใ€็‰นใซใ‚ญใƒฃใƒณใƒ—ใ‚„
31:25
you're going to a restaurant, you can talk about a party of something.
634
1885270
3870
ใƒฌใ‚นใƒˆใƒฉใƒณใซ่กŒใใจใใฏใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใฎใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ .
31:29
So, a party of two, a party of three, a party of four, and again, it just means a group,
635
1889140
5330
ใคใพใ‚Šใ€2 ไบบใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใ€3 ไบบใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃ ใ€4 ไบบใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใ€ใใ—ใฆใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‚ใ‚ฐใƒซใƒผใƒ—ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใŒใ€ใใฎใ‚ฐใƒซใƒผใƒ—ใ‚’
31:34
but it's a more elegant way, a more advanced way of describing that group.
636
1894470
3370
ใ‚ˆใ‚Šๆด—็ทดใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Š้ซ˜ๅบฆใช ๆ–นๆณ•ใง่กจ็พใ—ใŸใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
31:37
So, when you go to a restaurant, uh, usually at a, at maybe, like, you know, like, an,
637
1897840
5830
ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใƒฌใ‚นใƒˆใƒฉใƒณใซ่กŒใใจใใ€ใŸใ„ใฆใ„ใฏใ€ใŸใถใ‚“ใ€ใŸใถใ‚“ใ€ใพใ‚ใ€ใพใ‚ใ€ใพใ‚ใ€ใพใ‚ใ€ใใ‚“ใชใซ
31:43
an everyday restaurant that's not very expensive, they would just say, โ€œHow many people in
638
1903670
3990
้ซ˜ใใชใ„ๆ—ฅๅธธ็š„ใชใƒฌใ‚นใƒˆใƒฉใƒณใงใ€ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใŸใ ใ€Œ
31:47
your group?โ€ or โ€œHow many people?โ€
639
1907660
1580
ใ‚ใชใŸใฎใ‚ฐใƒซใƒผใƒ—ใฏไฝ•ไบบใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใพใŸใฏใ€Œไฝ•ไบบใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€
31:49
โ€œHow many?โ€ even.
640
1909240
1380
"ๅนพใคใ‹๏ผŸ" ๅนณใ€‚
31:50
You walk in, they say, โ€œHow many?โ€
641
1910620
1840
ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๅ…ฅใ‚‹ใจใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ€Œไฝ•ไบบใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
31:52
And they, theyโ€™re meaning how many people are in your group.
642
1912460
2260
ใใ—ใฆใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ ใ‚ใชใŸใฎใ‚ฐใƒซใƒผใƒ—ใซไฝ•ไบบใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™.
31:54
And you say, โ€œOh, you know, just me.โ€
643
1914720
1740
ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ€Œใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€็งใ ใ‘ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
31:56
Or, you know, there's two of us or something.
644
1916460
2100
ใพใŸใฏใ€ใ”ๅญ˜็Ÿฅใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€็งใŸใก2ไบบใ‹ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
31:58
But at a more fancy restaurant, so a nicer place, a fancier restaurant they would say,
645
1918560
4770
ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Š่ฑช่ฏใชใƒฌใ‚นใƒˆใƒฉใƒณใงใฏใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Š็ด ๆ•ตใช ๅ ดๆ‰€ใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Š่ฑช่ฏใชใƒฌใ‚นใƒˆใƒฉใƒณใงใฏใ€
32:03
โ€œHow many in your party?โ€
646
1923330
1880
ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฎใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใฏไฝ•ไบบใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
32:05
How many in your party?
647
1925210
1160
ใ‚ใชใŸใฎใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใฏไฝ•ไบบใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
32:06
And again, it just means, like, you're not having an actual party.
648
1926370
2980
็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๅ˜ใซใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใฎใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใ‚’้–‹ๅ‚ฌใ—ใฆใ„ใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ .
32:09
They just mean how many in your group.
649
1929350
1770
ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎใ‚ฐใƒซใƒผใƒ—ใฎๆ•ฐใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
32:11
And it's the same thing with camping.
650
1931120
1570
ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ญใƒฃใƒณใƒ—ใ‚‚ๅŒใ˜ใงใ™ใ€‚
32:12
So, there's a party of 20 people traveling, you know, somewhere.
651
1932690
3870
ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใฉใ“ใ‹ใซๆ—…่กŒใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹20ไบบใฎใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใŒใ‚ใ‚Š ใพใ™ใ€‚
32:16
So, on the news, you'll see this sometimes if people are, are camping somewhere and there's
652
1936560
5960
ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใง ใ€ไบบใ€…ใŒใฉใ“ใ‹ใงใ‚ญใƒฃใƒณใƒ—ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใฆ
32:22
a disaster.
653
1942520
1000
ใ€็ฝๅฎณใŒ็™บ็”Ÿใ—ใŸๅ ดๅˆใซใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ๆ™‚ใ€…็›ฎใซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
32:23
Like, uh, there's an avalanche, and all the snow falls down and covers the people and
654
1943520
3250
้›ชๅดฉใŒ็™บ็”Ÿใ—ใ€ใ™ในใฆใฎ ้›ชใŒ่ฝใกใฆไบบใ€…ใ‚’่ฆ†ใ„ใ€
32:26
they need to rescue them.
655
1946770
1550
ๅฝผใ‚‰ใ‚’ๆ•‘ๅ‡บใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
32:28
On the news, you'll hear there was a party of 20 people, and they were doing something.
656
1948320
4030
ใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใงใ€ 20 ไบบใฎใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่žใใพใ™ใ€‚
32:32
So, there was a party of people, but it means the same thing as a group.
657
1952350
4500
ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ€ไบบใŒ้›†ใพใฃใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใŒ ใ€้›†ๅ›ฃใจๅŒใ˜ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚
32:36
Next, to turn up.
658
1956850
2030
ๆฌกใซใ€ใ‚ฟใƒผใƒณใ‚ขใƒƒใƒ—ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
32:38
To turn up.
659
1958880
1000
็ซ‹ใกไธŠใŒใ‚‹ใ€‚
32:39
Now, this is the exact same thing as just to appear, uh, but you'll hear this as a phrasal
660
1959880
5240
ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅ˜ใซๅ‡บ็พใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใจใพใฃใŸใๅŒใ˜ใงใ™
32:45
verb in a more casual and conversational way.
661
1965120
2260
ใŒใ€ใ‚‚ใฃใจใ‚ซใ‚ธใƒฅใ‚ขใƒซใงไผš่ฉฑ็š„ใชๆ–นๆณ•ใงๅฅๅ‹•่ฉžใจใ—ใฆ่žใใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
32:47
If you think about a card, like, right now I have, maybe this is a table in front of
662
1967380
4150
ใ‚ซใƒผใƒ‰ใซใคใ„ใฆ่€ƒใˆใฆใฟใ‚‹ใจใ€ไปŠ ็งใŒๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใฏใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใใ“ใ‚Œใฏ็งใฎๅ‰ใฎใƒ†ใƒผใƒ–ใƒซใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€
32:51
me, and I turn the card over like this.
663
1971530
2670
็งใฏใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ‚ซใƒผใƒ‰ใ‚’่ฃ่ฟ”ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
32:54
You can also call this turning a card up.
664
1974200
2370
ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ใ‚ซใƒผใƒ‰ใ‚’ใ‚ใใ‚‹ใ“ใจใจๅ‘ผใถใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
32:56
So, you're showing the face of the card and not the back of the card.
665
1976570
3260
ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ‚ซใƒผใƒ‰ใฎ่ฃ้ขใงใฏใชใ่กจ้ขใ‚’่กจ็คบใ—ใฆ ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
32:59
So, I'm turning the card up, and you can say, โ€œWhat turned up?โ€
666
1979830
3340
ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็งใฏใ‚ซใƒผใƒ‰ใ‚’ไธŠใซ ๅ‘ใ‘ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
33:03
So, it just means you found something or something appeared, or you could see something that
667
1983170
4710
ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใคใ‘ใŸใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ ใŒ็พใ‚ŒใŸใ€ใพใŸใฏ
33:07
you could not see before.
668
1987880
1060
ไปฅๅ‰ใฏ่ฆ‹ใˆใชใ‹ใฃใŸไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใŸใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
33:08
So, when something turns up.
669
1988940
1690
ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒ็พใ‚ŒใŸใจใใ€‚
33:10
So, I was out looking for my keys, or maybe I lost something and a friend of mine says,
670
1990630
4940
ใใ‚Œใงใ€้ตใ‚’ๆŽขใ—ใซๅ‡บใ‹ใ‘ใฆใ„ใŸใฎใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏ ใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใชใใ—ใฆใ—ใพใฃใŸใฎใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
33:15
โ€œHey, did your keys turn up?โ€
671
1995570
1560
ใ€‚
33:17
Did your keys turn up, or did something turn up?
672
1997130
2510
ใ‚ญใƒผใŒ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ‹ใ€ใใ‚Œใจใ‚‚ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒ่กจ็คบ ใ•ใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ‹?
33:19
It just means were they visible.
673
1999640
1680
ใใ‚Œใฏๅ˜ใซๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒ่ฆ‹ใˆใŸใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
33:21
And it just means could you find that thing.
674
2001320
2160
ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒใใ‚Œใ‚’่ฆ‹ใคใ‘ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™.
33:23
To turn up.
675
2003480
1520
็ซ‹ใกไธŠใŒใ‚‹ใ€‚
33:25
To turn up.
676
2005000
1170
็ซ‹ใกไธŠใŒใ‚‹ใ€‚
33:26
Next, legit.
677
2006170
1660
ๆฌกใซๅˆๆณ•ใ€‚
33:27
Legit.
678
2007830
1000
ๅˆๆณ•ใ€‚
33:28
This is something I've covered on the conversation before, but it does appear a lot in conversations,
679
2008830
4030
ใ“ใ‚Œใฏไปฅๅ‰ไผš่ฉฑใงใ‚‚ๅ–ใ‚ŠไธŠใ’ ใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใŒใ€ไผš่ฉฑใฎไธญใงใ‚ˆใๅ‡บใฆใใพใ™ใ—ใ€
33:32
and it's quite casual.
680
2012860
1360
ใ‹ใชใ‚Šใ‚ซใ‚ธใƒฅใ‚ขใƒซใงใ™ใ€‚
33:34
So, you wouldn't really use it at an office.
681
2014220
2390
ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ใ‚ชใƒ•ใ‚ฃใ‚นใงใฏใ‚ใพใ‚Šไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
33:36
But legit just means it's legitimate.
682
2016610
1870
ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๅˆๆณ•ใจใฏใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒๅˆๆณ•ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
33:38
So, that's the longer word.
683
2018480
2110
ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ˆใ‚Š้•ทใ„่จ€่‘‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
33:40
So, legit is the shorter version, and this just means if it's accurate or true or real.
684
2020590
5280
ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๅˆๆณ•ใฏ็Ÿญใ„ใƒใƒผใ‚ธใƒงใƒณใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใ‚Œ ใฏๅ˜ใซใใ‚ŒใŒๆญฃ็ขบใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€็œŸๅฎŸใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€ใพใŸใฏๆœฌ็‰ฉใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™.
33:45
Maybe if I go out to a store and I don't really know is this a real Rolex watch?
685
2025870
5930
ใŸใถใ‚“ใ€ๅบ—ใซ่กŒใฃใฆใ€ ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒๆœฌ็‰ฉใฎใƒญใƒฌใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใฎๆ™‚่จˆใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏ๏ผŸ
33:51
Is this watch legit, or is this a fake?
686
2031800
2270
ใ“ใฎๆ™‚่จˆใฏๆœฌ็‰ฉใงใ™ใ‹ใ€ใใ‚Œใจใ‚‚ๅฝ็‰ฉใงใ™ใ‹?
33:54
So, I can't really tell.
687
2034070
1210
ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็งใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใฏใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
33:55
So, I'm asking someone is this a legit watch.
688
2035280
2730
ใใ‚Œใงใ€็งใฏ่ชฐใ‹ใซใ“ใ‚ŒใŒๅˆๆณ•็š„ใชๆ™‚่จˆใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ๅฐ‹ใญใฆใ„ใพใ™.
33:58
Is this a real one or a fake?
689
2038010
3140
ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๆœฌ็‰ฉใงใ™ใ‹ใ€ใใ‚Œใจใ‚‚ๅฝ็‰ฉใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
34:01
Legit.
690
2041150
1000
ๅˆๆณ•ใ€‚
34:02
Legit.
691
2042150
1000
ๅˆๆณ•ใ€‚
34:03
Next, no joke.
692
2043150
1430
ๆฌกใซใ€ๅ†—่ซ‡ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
34:04
No joke.
693
2044580
1000
ๅ†—่ซ‡ๆŠœใใ€‚
34:05
Now, this is another one where you're saying you're not messing around with something.
694
2045580
4200
ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸ ใŒไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ„ใ˜ใฃใฆใ„ใชใ„ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅˆฅใฎใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™.
34:09
And to mess around, that's another great phrasal verb, where you're joking in some way or you're
695
2049780
3950
ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ„ใ˜ใใ‚Šๅ›žใ—ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๅˆฅใฎ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ๅฅ ๅ‹•่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚ไฝ•ใ‚‰ใ‹ใฎๅฝขใงๅ†—่ซ‡ใ‚’่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹
34:13
not being serious.
696
2053730
1419
ใ€็œŸๅ‰ฃใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
34:15
You're not doing what you should be doing, so you're messing around or you're playing
697
2055149
3741
ใ‚„ใ‚‹ในใใ“ใจใ‚’ใ‚„ใฃใฆใ„ ใชใ„ใฎใงใ€ใ„ใ˜ใฃใŸใ‚Šใ€้Šใ‚“ใ ใ‚Šใ—
34:18
around.
698
2058890
1180
ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
34:20
And I say, well, something is no joke.
699
2060070
1660
ใใ—ใฆใ€ใพใ‚ใ€ๅ†—่ซ‡ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
34:21
It just means you have to treat that thing with care and respect.
700
2061730
3650
ใใ‚Œใฏใ€ใใฎใ“ใจใ‚’ๆณจๆ„ใจๆ•ฌๆ„ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆๆ‰ฑใ‚ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ .
34:25
Like, if I am maybe carrying some expensive vase for some reason, and a friend of mine
701
2065380
5190
ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€็งใŒไฝ•ใ‚‰ใ‹ใฎ็†็”ฑใง้ซ˜ไพกใช่Šฑ็“ถใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ ใฆใ€ๅ‹ไบบ
34:30
says, โ€œHey, don't drop that.
702
2070570
1000
ใŒใ€Œใญใˆใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’่ฝใจใ•ใชใ„ใงใ€‚
34:31
That's no joke.โ€
703
2071570
1000
ใใ‚Œใฏๅ†—่ซ‡ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใ€
34:32
If you drop that thing, there's going to be, you'll have to pay a lot of money or something.
704
2072570
3500
ใใ‚Œใ‚’่ฝใจใ—ใŸใ‚‰ ใ€ๅคš้กใฎใŠ้‡‘ใ‹ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๆ‰•ใ‚ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
34:36
So, I'm, okay, I'm very serious.
705
2076070
2320
ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็งใฏใจใฆใ‚‚็œŸๅ‰ฃใงใ™ใ€‚
34:38
And I want to make sure I don't drop that thing.
706
2078390
2180
ใใ—ใฆใ€็งใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’่ฝใจใ•ใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ—ใŸใ„ใจ ๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
34:40
No joke.
707
2080570
1190
ๅ†—่ซ‡ๆŠœใใ€‚
34:41
No joke.
708
2081760
1980
ๅ†—่ซ‡ๆŠœใใ€‚
34:43
And the last of our words and expressions for today is multifaceted.
709
2083740
3850
ใใ—ใฆใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎๆœ€ๅพŒใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใจ ่กจ็พใฏๅคš้ข็š„ใงใ™ใ€‚
34:47
You also hear this as multifaceted.
710
2087590
2940
ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‚ๅคš้ข็š„ใ ใจ่žใใพใ™ใ€‚
34:50
When you hear the word multi, multi means many.
711
2090530
2460
ใƒžใƒซใƒใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’่žใใจใ€ใƒžใƒซใƒใฏๅคšใใฎใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณ ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
34:52
Like, you have a multiple, or you want to multiply something.
712
2092990
3810
ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ๅ€ๆ•ฐใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๆŽ›ใ‘ใŸใ„ใจใ— ใพใ™ใ€‚
34:56
But you can hear it as multi or multi.
713
2096800
3000
ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใƒžใƒซใƒใพใŸใฏใƒžใƒซใƒใจใ—ใฆ่žใใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
34:59
It doesn't really matter, but you will hear that as both.
714
2099800
2550
ใใ‚ŒใฏๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏๅ•้กŒใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใŒใ€ไธกๆ–นใจใ—ใฆ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
35:02
So, having a facet, a facet just means, like, a face of something.
715
2102350
4510
ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใƒ•ใ‚กใ‚ปใƒƒใƒˆใ‚’ๆŒใคใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏใ€ใƒ•ใ‚กใ‚ปใƒƒใƒˆใจ ใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใฎ้ก”ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
35:06
So, maybe you look at the facets of a diamond, what the different faces are on that diamond.
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ใƒ€ใ‚คใƒคใƒขใƒณใƒ‰ใฎใƒ•ใ‚กใ‚ปใƒƒใƒˆใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใจใ€ ใใฎใƒ€ใ‚คใƒคใƒขใƒณใƒ‰ใฎใ•ใพใ–ใพใช้ขใŒไฝ•ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
35:11
Uh, but the facets of something, it could mean the physical faces of that thing or the,
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ใˆใˆใจใ€ใงใ‚‚ไฝ•ใ‹ใฎๅด้ขใ€ใใ‚Œ ใฏใใฎ็‰ฉใฎ็‰ฉ็†็š„ใช้ก”ใ€ใพใŸใฏ
35:15
the different sides of it in a more metaphorical kind of way.
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ใ‚ˆใ‚Šๆฏ”ๅ–ฉ็š„ใชๆ–นๆณ•ใงใฎใ•ใพใ–ใพใชๅด้ขใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒ ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™.
35:19
So, you could describe a person as being multifaceted or multifaceted, or an experience as being
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ไบบใ‚’ๅคš้ข็š„ ใพใŸใฏๅคš้ข็š„ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ€็ตŒ้จ“ใ‚’ๅคš้ข็š„ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใŸใ‚Šใงใใพใ™
35:26
multifaceted.
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ใ€‚
35:27
Like, you can go camping, but you learn lots of different skills like survival skills and
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใ‚ญใƒฃใƒณใƒ—ใซ่กŒใใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใŒใ€ ใ‚ตใƒใ‚คใƒใƒซ ใ‚นใ‚ญใƒซใ‚„
35:32
physical fitness things and mental training.
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ไฝ“ๅŠ›ใ€ใƒกใƒณใ‚ฟใƒซ ใƒˆใƒฌใƒผใƒ‹ใƒณใ‚ฐใชใฉใ€ใ•ใพใ–ใพใชใ‚นใ‚ญใƒซใ‚’ๅญฆใถใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
35:35
And you learn lots of whatever, but, like, the training is multifaceted.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไฝ•ใงใ‚‚ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ๅญฆใณใพใ™ใŒ ใ€ใƒˆใƒฌใƒผใƒ‹ใƒณใ‚ฐใฏๅคš้ข็š„ใงใ™.
35:39
Or, a person is multifaceted, so that person has maybe some interesting hobbies, or they
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ใพใŸใฏใ€ไบบใฏๅคš้ข็š„ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€ใใฎไบบ ใฏใŠใใ‚‰ใ่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„่ถฃๅ‘ณใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€
35:45
like doing lots of things.
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ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎใ“ใจใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™.
35:46
Maybe they do business, but they also maybe they do children's birthday parties as a clown
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใƒ“ใ‚ธใƒใ‚นใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒ ใ€ใƒ”ใ‚จใƒญใจใ—ใฆๅญไพ›ใฎ่ช•็”Ÿๆ—ฅใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใ‚’้–‹ใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
35:52
or something, you know, whatever.
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ใ€‚
35:53
Uh, but you're talking about someone being multifaceted like they have many faces.
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ใˆใˆใจใ€ใงใ‚‚ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ€ ๅคšใใฎ้ก”ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซๅคš้ข็š„ใชไบบใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹.
35:58
And that just means, again, they can do many different things, or they have an interesting
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ใใ—ใฆใใ‚Œใฏใ€็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๅคšใใฎ็•ฐใชใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’่กŒใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€ ใ•ใพใ–ใพใช
36:02
collection of different par, personality traits or something like that.
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ๆจ™ๆบ–ใ€ๆ€งๆ ผ็‰นๆ€ง ใชใฉใฎ่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„ใ‚ณใƒฌใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™.
36:07
Multifaceted or multifaceted.
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ๅคš้ข็š„ใพใŸใฏๅคš้ข็š„ใ€‚
36:08
Well, that's it for the Phrase Builder lesson.
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ใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใƒปใƒ“ใƒซใƒ€ใƒผใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใฏไปฅไธŠใงใ™ใ€‚
36:11
I hope you have enjoyed it.
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ใŠๆฅฝใ—ใฟใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใŸใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€‚
36:12
Do go back, as always, and remember there are a lot of lessons in each lesson set.
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ใ„ใคใ‚‚ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆˆปใฃใฆใ€ ๅ„ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚ปใƒƒใƒˆใซใฏใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„.
36:17
So, you can focus on just a few things if you like.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๅฟ…่ฆใซๅฟœใ˜ใฆใ€ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎใ“ใจใซ้›†ไธญใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒ ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
36:20
Maybe you prefer the Phrase Builder to something else, and you can get through the Grammar
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ใŸใถใ‚“ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใƒ“ใƒซใƒ€ใƒผใ‚’ ไป–ใฎใ‚‚ใฎใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚ๅฅฝใ‚€ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“.Grammar
36:23
Focus lesson very quickly.
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Focusใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’้žๅธธใซๆ—ฉใ็ต‚ใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™.
36:25
That's perfectly fine.
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ใใ‚ŒใฏใพใฃใŸใๅ•้กŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
36:26
You don't have to go through the, the schedule strictly.
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ใ‚นใ‚ฑใ‚ธใƒฅใƒผใƒซใ‚’ๅŽณๅฏ†ใซใ“ใชใ™ๅฟ…่ฆใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚
36:29
You don't have to be a stickler.
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ๅŸท็€ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
36:30
I know a lot of people like to.
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็งใฏๅคšใใฎไบบใŒๅฅฝใใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
36:32
They want to follow the system, but really, I want you to design the system, so it works
742
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ‚ทใ‚นใƒ†ใƒ ใซๅพ“ใ„ใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซ ใฏใ‚ทใ‚นใƒ†ใƒ ใ‚’่จญ่จˆใ—ใฆใปใ—ใ„ใฎใงใ€ใ‚ทใ‚นใƒ†ใƒ ใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎใŸใ‚ใซๆฉŸ่ƒฝ
36:36
for you.
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ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
36:37
So, we give you as many lessons as you need.
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ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ๅฟ…่ฆใชใ ใ‘ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’ๆไพ›ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
36:39
But again, if you can go through something and you master a grammar point very quickly,
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’้€š้Žใ— ใฆๆ–‡ๆณ•ใƒใ‚คใƒณใƒˆใ‚’ใ™ใใซใƒžใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒผใงใใŸใ‚‰
36:43
then move on to the next thing.
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ใ€ๆฌกใฎใ“ใจใซ้€ฒใฟใพใ™ใ€‚
36:44
And focus on things that you need more time with, especially this vocabulary.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚‚ใฃใจๆ™‚้–“ใŒๅฟ…่ฆใชใ“ใจ ใ€็‰นใซใ“ใฎ่ชžๅฝ™ใซ้›†ไธญใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
36:48
So, that way you can prepare yourself for the Master Class lesson.
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ใใ†ใ™ใ‚Œใฐ ใ€ใƒžใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒผใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚นใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใซๅ‚™ใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
36:52
Well, I will see you in the Fluency Corner lesson coming up next.
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ๆฌกๅ›žใฎ Fluency Corner ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใงใŠไผšใ„ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚
36:54
I hope you have a fantastic day.
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็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ไธ€ๆ—ฅใ‚’ใŠ้Žใ”ใ—ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
36:56
Go back and practice, and I'll see you then.
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ๆˆปใฃใฆ็ทด็ฟ’ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใพใŸไผšใ„ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
37:33
Bye bye.
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ใƒใ‚คใƒใ‚คใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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