๐Ÿ‘‰Shoulda, Woulda, Coulda๐Ÿ‘ˆ / English Addict LIVE chat & Learning / 2nd March 2022 - with Mr Duncan

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2022-03-02 ใƒป English Addict with Mr Duncan


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๐Ÿ‘‰Shoulda, Woulda, Coulda๐Ÿ‘ˆ / English Addict LIVE chat & Learning / 2nd March 2022 - with Mr Duncan

4,030 views ใƒป 2022-03-02

English Addict with Mr Duncan


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

04:10
Here we go again.
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ใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใพใŸใ‹ใ€‚
04:13
It's another live stream
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ใพใŸใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–้…ไฟกใงใ™
04:17
Hi, everybody.
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็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚
04:18
Here we go again.
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ใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใพใŸใ‹ใ€‚
04:19
Yes, we are back once more on a very rainy day.
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ใฏใ„ใ€้›จใฎๆ—ฅใซใพใŸๆˆปใฃใฆใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
04:23
The rain is falling.
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้›จใŒ้™ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:24
The rain is pouring
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้›จใŒ้™ใฃ
04:27
but I will try not to be boring,
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ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€้€€ๅฑˆใ—ใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใซๅŠชใ‚
04:31
and I hope I don't leave you snoring.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ„ใณใใ‚’ใ‹ใ‹ใ›ใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:35
Here we go. We are back once again. Yes, it is.
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ใฉใ†ใžใ€‚ ๅ†ใณๆˆปใฃใฆใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใฏใ„ใ€ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใŸใพใŸใพ่‹ฑ่ชž
04:38
English addict coming to you live from the birthplace of the English language, which just happens to be.
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ใฎ็™บ็ฅฅใฎๅœฐใ‹ใ‚‰ไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžไธญๆฏ’่€…ใŒใ‚ใชใŸใฎใจใ“ใ‚ใซใ‚„ใฃใฆๆฅ ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:45
Oh, my goodness, it is England.
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ใชใ‚“ใฆใ“ใฃใŸใ€ใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นใ ใ€‚
04:56
Mm hmm.
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ใ†ใƒผใ‚“ใ€‚
04:58
Mm hmm.
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ใ†ใƒผใ‚“ใ€‚
05:01
Mm hmm.
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ใ†ใƒผใ‚“ใ€‚
05:02
Oh, there you are. Hi, everybody. This is Mr.
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ใ‚ใ€ใใ“ใซใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚“ใ ใ€‚ ใฟใชใ•ใ‚“ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚
05:04
Duncan in England.
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ใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นใฎใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใ•ใ‚“ใงใ™ใ€‚
05:06
How are you today?
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏๅ…ƒๆฐ—ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
05:07
Are you okay? I hope so.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅคงไธˆๅคซ๏ผŸ ใใ†ใ ใจใ„ใ„ใ€‚
05:10
Are you happy?
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ๅนธใ›ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
05:12
I hope so.
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ใใ†ใ ใจใ„ใ„ใ€‚
05:13
I hope you're feeling good today.
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏๆฐ—ๅˆ†ใŒใ„ใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:16
Yes, it is raining.
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ใฏใ„ใ€้›จใŒ้™ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:18
I don't know why, but I think the weather outside really does
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็†็”ฑใฏใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ ๅค–ใฎๅคฉๆฐ—ใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ
05:23
bring an air or a feeling.
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็ฉบๆฐ—ใ‚„ๆ„Ÿๆƒ…ใ‚’ใ‚‚ใŸใ‚‰ใ™ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:27
It really is a good representation.
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ใใ‚Œใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ่‰ฏใ„่กจ็พใงใ™ใ€‚
05:30
Of the mood that many people are in at the moment.
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็พๆ™‚็‚นใงๅคšใใฎไบบใŒๆŠฑใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใƒ ใƒผใƒ‰ใซใคใ„ใฆใ€‚
05:34
Here we are again. I will try to cheer you up.
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ใพใŸๆฅใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ๅ…ƒๆฐ—ใฅใ‘ใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:38
I know there are lots of things going on in the world,
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ไธ–ใฎไธญใ€่‰ฒใ€…ใจ
05:41
but I hope I can bring a smile on your face.
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ๅคงๅค‰ใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€ๅฐ‘ใ—ใงใ‚‚็š†ๆง˜ใซ็ฌ‘้ก”ใ‚’ใŠๅฑŠใ‘ใงใใ‚Œใฐๅนธใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
05:45
That's all I can say.
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ใใ‚ŒใŒ็งใŒ่จ€ใˆใ‚‹ใ™ในใฆใงใ™ใ€‚
05:46
And that's all I can do.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒ็งใซใงใใ‚‹ใ™ในใฆใงใ™ใ€‚
05:49
It's the only thing I know how to do.
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ใใ‚Œใฏ็งใŒ่กŒใ†ๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ”ฏไธ€ใฎใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
05:52
If I was honest with you, my name is Duncan.
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ๆญฃ็›ดใซ่จ€ใ†ใจใ€็งใฎๅๅ‰ใฏใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใงใ™ใ€‚
05:55
I talk about English.
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็งใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:56
I like the English language very much.
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็งใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžใŒใจใฆใ‚‚ๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚
05:58
You might say that I am an English addict.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ็งใŒ่‹ฑ่ชžไธญๆฏ’่€…ใ ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
06:01
I am one of those an English addict.
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็งใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžไธญๆฏ’่€…ใฎไธ€ไบบใงใ™ใ€‚
06:05
You see, there is my face revolving
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ใปใ‚‰
06:09
above the screen next to me.
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ใ€็งใฎ้šฃใฎ็”ป้ขใฎไธŠใ‚’ๅ›ž่ปขใ™ใ‚‹็งใฎ้ก”ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
06:12
Here we go, then.
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ใงใฏใ€ใฉใ†ใžใ€‚
06:13
Yes, we are back together once more.
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ใฏใ„ใ€ใพใŸไธ€็ท’ใซๆˆปใฃใฆใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
06:16
For those who like the English language,
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่‹ฑ่ชžใŒๅฅฝใใชไบบใซใจใฃใฆใฏใ€
06:18
well, you are in the right place because I like the English language.
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ใพใ‚ใ€ ็งใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžใŒๅฅฝใใชใฎใงใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๆญฃใ—ใ„ๅ ดๆ‰€ใซใ„ใพใ™.
06:24
And I have a feeling you do as well. Here we are.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใ‚‚ใใ†ๆ„Ÿใ˜ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:27
Yes, we have made it
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ใฏใ„
06:31
to the middle of the week.
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ใ€้€ฑใฎๅŠใฐใซใชใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
06:34
And I have to say, we have all breathed
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ใใ—ใฆใ€็งใฏ่จ€ใ‚ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€็งใŸใกใฏ็š†ใ€
06:38
a sigh of relief that we have made it this far into another week.
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็งใŸใกใŒใ“ใ“ใพใงใ‚„ใฃใฆใใฆใ€ๅˆฅใฎ้€ฑใซใ‚„ใฃใฆใใŸใ“ใจใซๅฎ‰ๅ ตใฎใŸใ‚ๆฏใ‚’ใคใใพใ—ใŸ.
06:44
And of course, it is also a new month.
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ใใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ๆœˆใงใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
06:47
Welcome to March.
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3ๆœˆใธใ‚ˆใ†ใ“ใใ€‚
06:49
Yes, it's Wednesday.
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ใฏใ„ใ€ๆฐดๆ›œๆ—ฅใงใ™ใ€‚
07:05
To pee
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07:05
pee pee pee pee pee pee pee pee, TBD, TBD, PDP.
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ใŠใ—ใฃใ“ใŠใ—ใฃใ“ใŠใ—ใฃใ“ใŠใ—ใฃใ“ใŠใ—ใฃใ“ใŠใ—ใฃใ“ใŠใ—ใฃใ“ใ€TBDใ€TBDใ€PDPใ€‚
07:09
The PDP do better.
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PDP ใฎใปใ†ใŒใ†ใพใใ„ใใพใ™ใ€‚
07:11
Bulleen,
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ใƒ–ใƒชใƒผใƒณใ€
07:13
I'm a bit tight today.
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใกใ‚‡ใฃใจใใคใ„ใ‚ˆใ€‚ ่ƒธใซ
07:15
I don't know what's going on
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ไฝ•ใŒ่ตทใ“ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„
07:19
my chest.
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ใ€‚
07:20
My chest feels very tight.
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่ƒธใŒใจใฆใ‚‚ใใคใๆ„Ÿใ˜ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:22
I think it might be the atmosphere.
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ใŸใถใ‚“้›ฐๅ›ฒๆฐ—ใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:24
It might be some pollution in the air.
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็ฉบๆฐ—ไธญใฎไฝ•ใ‚‰ใ‹ใฎๆฑšๆŸ“ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
07:26
I don't know really.
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็งใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ็Ÿฅใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
07:27
But my chest feels slightly tight.
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ใงใ‚‚ใกใ‚‡ใฃใจ่ƒธใŒ่‹ฆใ—ใใชใ‚‹ใ€‚
07:30
I might have a little bit of the dreaded asthma today, so please
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใกใ‚‡ใฃใจใฒใฉใ„ๅ–˜ๆฏใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ใฎใงใ€
07:35
excuse me if I keep disappearing and coughing.
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ๆถˆใˆใŸใ‚Šๅ’ณใ‚’ใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ™ใฟใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
07:41
That's the reason why you see.
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ใใ‚ŒใŒใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่ฆ‹ใ‚‹็†็”ฑใงใ™ใ€‚
07:43
Oh, by the way, you may have noticed there is someone's face next to me.
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ใจใ“ใ‚ใงใ€ ็งใฎ้šฃใซ่ชฐใ‹ใฎ้ก”ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๆฐ—ใฅใ„ใŸใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
07:48
Sadly, Mr. Steve
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ๆ‚ฒใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใซใ€ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ๆฐ
07:52
is not here.
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ใฏใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
07:54
But not only is he not here on the live
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๅฝผใฏใƒฉใ‚คใƒ– ใ‚นใƒˆใƒชใƒผใƒ ใซๅ‚ๅŠ ใ—ใฆใ„ใชใ„ใ ใ‘ใง
07:57
stream, he isn't here at all.
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ใชใใ€ใพใฃใŸใๅ‚ๅŠ ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
08:00
He's gone away.
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ๅฝผใฏ่กŒใฃใฆใ—ใพใฃใŸใ€‚
08:01
Conferences have started again. Yes.
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ไผš่ญฐใŒๅ†้–‹ใ•ใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใฏใ„ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นใง
08:05
Just to show how much things are starting
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ใฉใ‚Œใ ใ‘็‰ฉไบ‹ใŒๆญฃๅธธใซๆˆปใ‚Šๅง‹ใ‚ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’็คบใ™
08:08
to get back to normal here in England.
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ใŸใ‚ใงใ™ใ€‚
08:12
Mr. Steve has now gone away on a conference.
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Mr. Steve ใฏไปŠใ€ไผš่ญฐใฎใŸใ‚ใซๅ‡บใ‹ใ‘ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
08:14
They are all meeting face to face
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ็š†
08:18
in person, not on Zoom,
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ใ€ใ‚บใƒผใƒ ใงใฏใชใใ€็›ดๆŽฅไผšใฃ
08:21
not on face time in person.
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ใฆไผšใฃใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
08:26
So Mr.
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08:26
Steve at the moment is far, far away in York.
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ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ๆฐ
ใฏ็พๅœจใ€้ ใ้›ขใ‚ŒใŸใƒจใƒผใ‚ฏใซใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:32
Have you ever been to York?
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ใƒจใƒผใ‚ฏใซ่กŒใฃใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹ใ€‚
08:34
It's a very nice place.
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ใจใฆใ‚‚็ด ๆ•ตใชๅ ดๆ‰€ใงใ™ใ€‚
08:36
They have a very famous place, a church, a large cathedral,
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใซใฏ้žๅธธใซๆœ‰ๅใชๅ ดๆ‰€ ใ€ๆ•™ไผšใ€ๅคงใใชๅคง่–ๅ ‚ใŒใ‚ใ‚Š
08:41
you might call it York Minster, a very beautiful place.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ใƒจใƒผใ‚ฏใƒŸใƒณใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒผใจๅ‘ผใถใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ€ใจใฆใ‚‚็พŽใ—ใ„ๅ ดๆ‰€ใงใ™ใ€‚
08:47
Hello.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚
08:48
Also to the live chat, I suppose I should say hello to you.
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ใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–ใƒใƒฃใƒƒใƒˆใซใ‚‚ใ€ ใ‚ˆใ‚ใ—ใใŠ้ก˜ใ„ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:53
Hello.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚
08:55
Nice to see you here today.
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใŠไผšใ„ใงใใฆใ†ใ‚Œใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
08:57
Who was first on today's live chat, I wonder?
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–ใƒใƒฃใƒƒใƒˆใงๆœ€ๅˆใซๅ‡บใŸใฎใฏ่ชฐ?
09:00
Let's have a look, shall we?
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่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€‚
09:01
Oh, hello, Claudia.
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ใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚ฆใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ขใ€‚
09:04
Claudia. Claudia.
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ใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚ฆใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ขใ€‚ ใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚ฆใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ขใ€‚
09:07
Janis wants you all first on today's live chat.
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Janis ใฏใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎใƒฉใ‚คใƒ– ใƒใƒฃใƒƒใƒˆใงๆœ€ๅˆใซ็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใ‚’ๆฑ‚ใ‚ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:20
Not only am I going
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09:22
to say well done, but also, I hope you are feeling better
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ใ‚ˆใใ‚„ใฃใŸใจ่จ€ใ†ใ ใ‘ใงใชใใ€YouTubeใง ็งใŒ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃ
09:26
because you have had the dreaded Luigi
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ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๆใ‚ใ—ใ„ใƒซใ‚คใƒผใ‚ธใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ๆฐ—ๅˆ†ใŒ่‰ฏใใชใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’้ก˜ใฃใฆใ„
09:31
you know what I'm talking about out there in YouTube.
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ใพใ™.
09:33
And so I hope you are feeling much better today.
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏๆฐ—ๅˆ†ใŒ่‰ฏใใชใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’้ก˜ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:37
Claudia, please let us know how you are feeling.
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ใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚ฆใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ขใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๆฐ—ๆŒใกใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
09:41
And I hope you are feeling better.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ๆฐ—ๅˆ†ใŒ่‰ฏใใชใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’้ก˜ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:45
Hello, Mosen. Hello, Beatrice.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใƒขใ‚ปใƒณใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใƒ™ใ‚ขใƒˆใƒชใ‚นใ€‚
09:47
Hello to the test.
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ใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใซใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚
09:50
Hello, also, kristina.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใพใŸใ€ใ‚ฏใƒชใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒŠใ€‚
09:53
We also have.
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็งใŸใกใ‚‚ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:55
Oh, welcome back to Luis Mendez.
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ใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใƒซใ‚คใ‚นใƒปใƒกใƒณใƒ‡ใ‚นใธใ‚ˆใ†ใ“ใใ€‚
10:01
Who is here today.
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใ‚‹ไบบใ€‚
10:06
Welcome back.
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ใŠๅธฐใ‚Šใชใ•ใ„ใ€‚
10:07
I hope you fixed your computer not only yourself, but also myself as well.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใ ใ‘ใงใชใใ€็ง่‡ช่บซใ‚‚ใ‚ณใƒณใƒ”ใƒฅใƒผใ‚ฟใ‚’ไฟฎ็†ใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใ‚Œใฐๅนธใ„ใงใ™ ใ€‚
10:13
I've also had computer problems.
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ใƒ‘ใ‚ฝใ‚ณใƒณใฎใƒˆใƒฉใƒ–ใƒซใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
10:15
I'm feeling rather proud of myself because to yesterday,
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10:20
I was able to expand my programme
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ๆ˜จๆ—ฅใพใงใƒ—ใƒญใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ ใ‚’ๆ‹กๅผตใงใใŸใฎใงใ€ใ‹ใชใ‚Š่ช‡ใ‚‰ใ—ใๆ„Ÿใ˜ใฆใ„
10:27
It's nothing rude,
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ไฝ•ใ‚‚ๅคฑ็คผใชใ“ใจใงใฏ
10:29
so I have a little bit more memory inside my computer now.
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ใชใ„ใฎใงใ€ใ‚ณใƒณใƒ”ใƒฅใƒผใ‚ฟๅ†…ใฎใƒกใƒขใƒชใŒๅฐ‘ใ—ๅข—ใˆใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚
10:34
I did have 32 gigabytes, but now I have 64
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็งใฏ 32 ใ‚ฎใ‚ฌใƒใ‚คใƒˆใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใŒใ€ไปŠใงใฏ 64
10:38
gigabytes of random access memory,
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ใ‚ฎใ‚ฌใƒใ‚คใƒˆใฎใƒฉใƒณใƒ€ใƒ  ใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใ‚น ใƒกใƒขใƒชใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
10:43
which means my computer will be working a little bit more smoothly.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ใ‚ณใƒณใƒ”ใƒฅใƒผใ‚ฟใƒผ ใŒใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ—ใ‚นใƒ ใƒผใ‚บใซๅ‹•ไฝœใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
10:50
I hope I'm keeping my fingers
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ๆŒ‡ใจใคใพๅ…ˆใ€ใใ—ใฆใŠใใ‚‰ใ่ถณใ‚’็ถญๆŒใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’้ก˜ใฃ
10:53
and also my toes and quite likely my legs.
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ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
10:58
I'm keeping them all crossed to make sure, of course
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11:02
there is one part of my computer that I want to replace but I can't at the moment.
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ใ‚ณใƒณใƒ”ใƒฅใƒผใ‚ฟใƒผใฎไธ€้ƒจใ‚’ไบคๆ›ใ—ใŸใ„ใฎใงใ™ ใŒใ€็พๆ™‚็‚นใงใฏไบคๆ›ใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
11:08
I mentioned this on Sunday, my lovely graphic card
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ๆ—ฅๆ›œๆ—ฅใซใ“ใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ—ใŸใŒใ€ๆ‚ฒใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใซ็งใฎ็ด ๆ•ตใชใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚ซใƒผใƒ‰
11:13
has sadly
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ใŒ
11:16
started to fail, so I have to buy a new one.
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ๆ•…้šœใ—ๅง‹ใ‚ใŸใฎใงใ€ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’่ณผๅ…ฅใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™.
11:19
The only problem is you may have heard a lot of people at the moment
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ๅ”ฏไธ€ใฎๅ•้กŒใฏ ใ€็พๅœจๅคšใใฎไบบใŒใƒ“ใƒƒใƒˆใ‚ณใ‚คใƒณใฎใƒžใ‚คใƒ‹ใƒณใ‚ฐใซๅคขไธญใซใชใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่žใ„ใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
11:23
are into Bitcoin mining and because of that,
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ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚น ใ‚ซใƒผใƒ‰ใ‚’ๅซใ‚€
11:28
certain computer parts have become really expensive,
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็‰นๅฎšใฎใ‚ณใƒณใƒ”ใƒฅใƒผใ‚ฟใƒผ้ƒจๅ“ใŒ้žๅธธใซ้ซ˜ไพกใซใชใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
11:32
including graphics cards So what I need to do
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11:36
is improve the graphics on my computer
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11:40
because my poor little graphics card is not working very well.
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่ฒงๅผฑใชๅฐใ•ใชใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚ซใƒผใƒ‰ใŒใ†ใพใๆฉŸ่ƒฝใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚
11:46
Back to Lewis.
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ใƒซใ‚คใ‚นใซๆˆปใ‚‹ใ€‚
11:47
Thank you, Lewis, for letting me know that you would not be here last Sunday.
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ใƒซใ‚คใ‚นใ€ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๅ…ˆ้€ฑใฎๆ—ฅๆ›œๆ—ฅใซใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’็งใซ็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใ›ใฆใใ‚Œใฆใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ€‚
11:52
I'm glad to see you here.
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ใ”่ฆงใ„ใŸใ ใใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
11:54
Today, and I really hope you have solved
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใ€ใ‚ณใƒณใƒ”ใƒฅใƒผใ‚ฟ ใƒ—ใƒญใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ ใฎๅ•้กŒใŒ่งฃๆฑบใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฟƒใ‹ใ‚‰้ก˜ใฃใฆใ„
11:57
your computer programme problems.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚
12:00
Hello.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚
12:01
Also, Palmira is here today.
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ใพใŸใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใƒ‘ใƒซใƒŸใƒฉใŒๆฅใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
12:04
Hey, Z seeker Elena.
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ใญใˆใ€Zใ‚ทใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใฎใ‚จใƒฌใƒŠใ€‚
12:07
Hello, Elena.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใ‚จใƒฌใƒŠใ€‚
12:09
I like your name, by the way.
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ใกใชใฟใซใ€็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅๅ‰ใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚
12:11
Elena, nice to see you here today.
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ใ‚จใƒฌใƒŠใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใ“ใ“ใซๆฅใฆใ‚ˆใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
12:14
We also have a Liu Ma.
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Liu Maใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
12:17
Hello, Liu Ma.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ๅŠ‰้ฆฌใงใ™ใ€‚
12:19
Where are you watching at the moment?
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ไปŠใฉใ“่ฆ‹ใฆใ‚‹๏ผŸ
12:21
I'm always keen.
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็งใฏใ„ใคใ‚‚็†ฑๅฟƒใงใ™ใ€‚
12:22
I'm always interested to find out where you are in the world.
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็งใฏใ„ใคใ‚‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒไธ–็•Œใฎใฉใ“ใซใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’็Ÿฅใ‚ŠใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
12:27
Don't forget to tell me,
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ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใ„ใงใญใ€
12:30
Louis.
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ใƒซใ‚คใ‚นใ€‚
12:31
It's the 17th. This here. Hello. Louis.
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17ๆ—ฅใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ“ใ“ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚ ใƒซใ‚คใ€‚
12:35
I haven't seen you for a long time, Louis.
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ไน…ใ—ใถใ‚ŠใซไผšใฃใŸใชใ€ใƒซใ‚คใ‚นใ€‚
12:37
The 17th.
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17ๆ—ฅใ€‚
12:39
What have you been doing?
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ใ„ใ‹ใŒใŠ้Žใ”ใ—ใงใ—ใŸใ‹๏ผŸ
12:40
How you been? Busy. Monarch King.
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ใ„ใ‹ใŒใŠ้Žใ”ใ—ใงใ—ใŸใ‹๏ผŸ ๅฟ™ใ—ใ„ใ€‚ ใƒขใƒŠใƒผใ‚ฏใ‚ญใƒณใ‚ฐใ€‚
12:43
I think so.
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ใใ†ๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
12:45
Would the word Anglophile
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ใ‚ขใƒณใ‚ฐใƒญใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒซใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰
12:48
be an appropriate term for an English addict?
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ใฏใ€่‹ฑ่ชžไธญๆฏ’่€…ใซ้ฉๅˆ‡ใช็”จ่ชžใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹?
12:51
Yes, I suppose so.
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ใฏใ„ใ€ใใ†ๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
12:53
An Anglophile.
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่‹ฑๅ›ฝๅฅฝใใ€‚ ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚„ใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚น
12:55
A person who is crazy about all things
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ใซใพใคใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚ใ‚‰ใ‚†ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๅคขไธญใชไบบ
12:58
connected to English or England?
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๏ผŸ
13:02
Yes, I suppose you could say that. Definitely.
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ใฏใ„ใ€ใใ†่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ตถๅฏพใ€‚
13:05
Abdullah. Hello? Abdullah Bashir.
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ใ‚ขใƒ–ใƒ‰ใƒฉใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏ๏ผŸ ใ‚ขใƒ–ใƒ‰ใƒฉใƒปใƒใ‚ทใƒผใƒซใ€‚
13:08
Mr. Duncan, you are the best.
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ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใ•ใ‚“ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๆœ€้ซ˜ใงใ™ใ€‚
13:10
Please keep going.
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็ถšใ‘ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
13:12
I will try my best to keep going
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13:16
for as long as I can.
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ใงใใ‚‹้™ใ‚Š้•ทใ็ถšใ‘ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ้ ‘ๅผตใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
13:19
We also have Beatrice.
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ใƒ™ใ‚ขใƒˆใƒชใ‚นใ‚‚ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
13:22
Yes, oh, yes.
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ใฏใ„ใ€ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚
13:24
Talking of Louis Mendez and his computer.
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ใƒซใ‚คใ‚นใƒปใƒกใƒณใƒ‡ใ‚นใจๅฝผใฎใ‚ณใƒณใƒ”ใƒฅใƒผใ‚ฟใƒผใฎ่ฉฑใ€‚
13:27
Yes, it is very expensive to repair computers.
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ใฏใ„ใ€ใ‚ณใƒณใƒ”ใƒฅใƒผใ‚ฟใฎไฟฎ็†ใซใฏ้žๅธธใซ่ฒป็”จใŒใ‹ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
13:31
Beatrice says mine is older than yours, and I've just updated it.
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ใƒ™ใ‚ขใƒˆใƒชใ‚นใฏ็งใฎใŒใ‚ใชใŸใฎใ‚‚ใฎใ‚ˆใ‚Šๅคใ„ ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใฆใ€็งใฏใกใ‚‡ใ†ใฉใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆ›ดๆ–ฐใ—ใพใ—ใŸ.
13:36
When I was in Beyond Aires.
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็งใŒBeyond Airesใซใ„ใŸใจใใ€‚
13:38
It was very expensive, but it was worth it.
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ใจใฆใ‚‚้ซ˜ไพกใงใ—ใŸใŒใ€ใใ‚Œใ ใ‘ใฎไพกๅ€คใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
13:41
Absolutely.
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็ตถๅฏพใ€‚
13:43
It is an expensive thing to get into.
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ใใ‚Œใฏๅ…ฅใ‚‹ใฎใซ้ซ˜ไพกใชใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
13:46
If you want to be able to use your computer for many different things,
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ใ‚ณใƒณใƒ”ใƒฅใƒผใ‚ฟใƒผใ‚’ใ•ใพใ–ใพใชใ“ใจใซไฝฟ็”จใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ—ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆ
13:52
you have to have a good computer.
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ใฏใ€ๅ„ชใ‚ŒใŸใ‚ณใƒณใƒ”ใƒฅใƒผใ‚ฟใƒผใ‚’็”จๆ„ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
13:54
You have no choice about it.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆ้ธๆŠžใฎไฝ™ๅœฐใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
13:57
Very similar to my situation here in my studio.
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็งใฎใ‚นใ‚ฟใ‚ธใ‚ชใงใฎ็งใฎ็Šถๆณใจ้žๅธธใซใ‚ˆใไผผใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
14:00
I have to make sure that my computer works properly.
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ใ‚ณใƒณใƒ”ใƒฅใƒผใ‚ฟใƒผใŒๆญฃๅธธใซๅ‹•ไฝœใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
14:05
It is functioning well, but also I have to make sure that all of the parts
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ๆญฃๅธธใซๆฉŸ่ƒฝใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใŒใ€ใ‚ณใƒณใƒ”ใƒฅใƒผใ‚ฟใƒผ
14:10
and all of the things inside the computer are up to date as well.
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ๅ†…ใฎใ™ในใฆใฎ้ƒจๅ“ใจใ™ในใฆใฎใ‚‚ใฎ ใŒๆœ€ๆ–ฐใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚็ขบ่ชใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
14:15
So yes, it can be a very expensive thing
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ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€ใ‚ณใƒณใƒ”ใƒฅใƒผใ‚ฟใƒผใ‚’ๆ‰€ๆœ‰ใ—ใ€ใ‚ณใƒณใƒ”ใƒฅใƒผใ‚ฟใƒผใ‚’ๅฎŸ่กŒใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใ€้žๅธธใซ่ฒป็”จใŒใ‹ใ‹ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Š
14:18
to do that to have a computer and also to run a computer as well.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚
14:24
You are right.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆญฃใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
14:26
Hello, Duong.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใƒ‰ใ‚ฅใ‚ชใƒณใงใ™ใ€‚
14:27
Hello to Vietnam.
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ใƒ™ใƒˆใƒŠใƒ ใธใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚
14:29
How are things there at the moment?
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็พ็Šถใฏใ„ใ‹ใŒใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
14:32
Are they good?
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ใ‚ใฎไบบ้”ใฏ่‰ฏใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
14:35
Hello also to.
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ใธใ‚‚ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚
14:36
Oh, we have Vitoria here as well.
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ใ‚ใ€ใ“ใ“ใซใ‚‚ใƒ“ใƒˆใƒชใ‚ขใŒใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
14:40
Thank you.
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ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
14:41
Vitoria hello.
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ใƒ“ใƒˆใƒชใ‚ข ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚
14:42
Dr. Ha.
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ใƒๅšๅฃซใ€‚
14:45
Hello, Dr. Ha.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใƒๅšๅฃซใ€‚
14:47
I like your name all.
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็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅๅ‰ใŒใ™โ€‹โ€‹ในใฆๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚
14:48
You really are a doctor because sometimes
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ๆ™‚ใ€…
14:52
people call themselves doctor, but they are not really a doctor.
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ไบบใ€…ใฏ่‡ชๅˆ†่‡ช่บซใ‚’ๅŒป่€…ใจๅ‘ผใถใฎใงใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๅŒป่€…ใงใ™ ใŒใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใฎๅŒป่€…ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“.
14:56
For example, Dr.
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€Dr.
14:58
Dre isn't actually a real doctor.
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Dre ใฏๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏๆœฌ็‰ฉใฎๅŒป่€…ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
15:04
He's a rapper.
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ๅฝผใฏใƒฉใƒƒใƒ‘ใƒผใงใ™ใ€‚
15:05
You think
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15:07
Max is here?
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ใƒžใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใฏใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ†๏ผŸ
15:08
Hello, Max. Po, nice to see you here. As well.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใƒžใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใ€‚ ใƒใƒผใ•ใ‚“ใ€ใŠไผšใ„ใงใใฆใ†ใ‚Œใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅŒใ˜ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€‚
15:12
Yes, we are talking about the English language because I like English.
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ใฏใ„ใ€็งใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžใŒๅฅฝใใชใฎใงใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ ใพใ™ใ€‚
15:16
I do. I really like it very much.
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ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚ ็งใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซใใ‚ŒใŒใจใฆใ‚‚ๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚
15:18
I mean, I've been speaking English
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€็งใฏ
15:22
for nearly 57 years, so that's the reason why
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57ๅนด่ฟ‘ใ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€
15:26
apparently Louis has been haunting the catacombs,
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ๆ˜Žใ‚‰ใ‹ใซใƒซใ‚คใŒใ‚ซใ‚ฟใ‚ณใƒณใƒ™ใซๅ‡บๆฒกใ—ใฆใ„ใŸ็†็”ฑใฏใ€ใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–ใƒใƒฃใƒƒใƒˆใฎใ‚ซใ‚ฟใ‚ณใƒณใƒ™
15:33
the small places that you can hide
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ใซ้š ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ๅฐใ•ใชๅ ดๆ‰€
15:36
in the catacombs of the live chat I see.
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ใงใ™.
15:41
I hope you haven't been trolling everyone.
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ใฟใ‚“ใชใ‚’่’ใ‚‰ใ—ใฆใ„ใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’้ก˜ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
15:45
I hope so.
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ใใ†ใ ใจใ„ใ„ใ€‚
15:47
I hope you have been behaving yourself.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่‡ชๅˆ†่‡ช่บซใ‚’ๆŒฏใ‚‹่ˆžใฃใฆใ„ใŸใ“ใจใ‚’้ก˜ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
15:49
YouTube have recently introduced a new thing
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YouTube ใฏๆœ€่ฟ‘
15:52
where each person who hosts a live stream
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ใ€ใƒฉใ‚คใƒ– ใ‚นใƒˆใƒชใƒผใƒ ใ‚’ใƒ›ใ‚นใƒˆใ™ใ‚‹ๅ„ใƒฆใƒผใ‚ถใƒผ
15:56
can actually create their own terms.
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ใŒๅฎŸ้š›ใซ็‹ฌ่‡ชใฎ็”จ่ชžใ‚’ไฝœๆˆใงใใ‚‹ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ๆฉŸ่ƒฝใ‚’ๅฐŽๅ…ฅใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
16:00
Of service.
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ใ‚ตใƒผใƒ“ใ‚นใฎใ€‚
16:02
For example, I could now publish my own terms of service
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ใŸใจใˆใฐ
16:08
for those who want to take part in my live chat
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ใ€ใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–ใƒใƒฃใƒƒใƒˆใซๅ‚ๅŠ ใ—ใŸใ„ไบบใฎ
16:12
so I can actually come up with my own rules.
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ใŸใ‚ใซ็‹ฌ่‡ชใฎๅˆฉ็”จ่ฆ็ด„ใ‚’ๅ…ฌ้–‹ใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใฃใŸใฎใงใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซ็‹ฌ่‡ชใฎใƒซใƒผใƒซใ‚’่€ƒใˆๅ‡บใ™ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™.
16:16
And before you can actually chat here
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ใ“ใ“ใงๅฎŸ้š›ใซใƒใƒฃใƒƒใƒˆใ™ใ‚‹ๅ‰ใซ
16:20
you have to agree to those rules.
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ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใƒซใƒผใƒซใซๅŒๆ„ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
16:23
I haven't done it yet,
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็งใฏใพใ ใใ‚Œใ‚’่กŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€
16:26
but I did receive an email from YouTube asking
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YouTube ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๅŒๆ„ใ—
16:30
if I would like to introduce
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ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„็‹ฌ่‡ชใฎๅˆฉ็”จ่ฆ็ด„ใ‚’ๅฐŽๅ…ฅใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใ‚’ๅฐ‹ใญใ‚‹ใƒกใƒผใƒซใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ๅ–ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸ
16:33
my own terms of use
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16:37
something that you will have to agree with.
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.
16:40
If you want to use my live chat.
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็งใฎใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–ใƒใƒฃใƒƒใƒˆใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใ€‚
16:43
I suppose the only thing I would like to say is
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็งใŒ่จ€ใ„ใŸใ„ใฎใฏใ€ใ“ใ“
16:46
I hope everyone who comes here has a good sense of humour
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ใซๆฅใ‚‹ใ™ในใฆใฎไบบ ใŒใƒฆใƒผใƒขใ‚ขใฎใ‚ปใƒณใ‚นใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆ
16:52
because we still have to smile, we still have to laugh,
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ใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’้ก˜ใฃใฆ
16:56
we still have to keep our spirits up
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17:00
however difficult it may seem,
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ใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™.
17:03
we still have to try and do it.
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็งใŸใกใฏใพใ ใใ‚Œใ‚’่ฉฆใฟใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
17:07
Today we are looking at one or two things to do with the English language.
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใซ้–ข้€ฃใ™ใ‚‹ 1 ใคใพใŸใฏ 2 ใคใฎใ“ใจใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ ใพใ™ใ€‚
17:11
What is a double negative?
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ไบŒ้‡ๅฆๅฎšใจใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
17:14
It is something people use quite often
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ไบบใ€…
17:17
in English, a double negative of what is it?
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ใŒ่‹ฑ่ชžใงใ‹ใชใ‚Š้ ป็นใซไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใใ‚Œใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹? ใฎไบŒ้‡ๅฆๅฎšใงใ™ใ€‚
17:21
I will be talking about that a little bit later on.
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ใใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆใฏใ€ๅพŒใงๅฐ‘ใ—ใŠ่ฉฑใ—ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
17:26
Also, there are many different ways of talking and there are many different ways
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ใพใŸใ€ใ•ใพใ–ใพใช่ฉฑใ—ๆ–นใŒใ‚ใ‚Š
17:32
of changing certain words, especially one when you want to use
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ใ€็‰นๅฎšใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ๅค‰ๆ›ดใ™ใ‚‹ใ•ใพใ–ใพใชๆ–นๆณ•ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ็‰นใซ
17:38
a certain type of slang or a certain type
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ใ€็‰นๅฎšใฎ็จฎ้กžใฎใ‚นใƒฉใƒณใ‚ฐใ‚„็‰นๅฎšใฎ็จฎ้กž
17:41
of colloquialism colloquialism.
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ใฎๅฃ่ชž่กจ็พใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚
17:45
That's a great word.
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ใใ‚Œใฏ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„่จ€่‘‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
17:47
A colloquialism is a word
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ๅฃ่ชž่กจ็พใฏใ€
17:51
that is used in certain places or maybe a phrase or a type of slang.
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็‰นๅฎšใฎๅ ดๆ‰€ใงไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅ˜่ชžใ€ ใพใŸใฏใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใ‚„ใ‚นใƒฉใƒณใ‚ฐใฎไธ€็จฎใงใ™ใ€‚
17:57
So today we are talking about reduction means in English.
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ใจใ„ใ†ใ‚ใ‘ใงใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏ้‚„ๅ…ƒๆ‰‹ๆฎตใซใคใ„ใฆ่‹ฑ่ชžใง่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ ใพใ™ใ€‚
18:03
It sounds complicated, but to be honest with you, it is not.
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่ค‡้›‘ใซ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใŒใ€ๆญฃ็›ดใชใจใ“ใ‚ใ€ใใ† ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
18:08
So that is something else we are looking at later on today, and
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ใใ‚Œ ใฏ็งใŸใกใŒไปŠๆ—ฅๅพŒใง่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅˆฅใฎ
18:14
I thought we would do something a little bit different as well
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ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ‚ใ‚Š ใ€
18:17
because a lot of people are talking about winter here
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ใ“ใ“ใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นใงใฏๅคšใใฎไบบใ€…ใŒๅ†ฌใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ๅฐ‘ใ—้•ใ†ใ“ใจใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ ใ‚ใ†ใจๆ€ใ„
18:20
in England because on the 1st of March, technically
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ใพใ—ใŸ.3ๆœˆ1ๆ—ฅใซๅŽณๅฏ†
18:25
it was the end of winter.
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ใซใฏๅ†ฌใŒ็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸ ๅ†ฌใฎใ€‚
18:28
However,
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—
18:31
I am a little displeased,
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18:34
to be honest, because the winter
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ใ€ๆญฃ็›ดใชใจใ“ใ‚ใ€
18:38
that is just coming to an end here in England as being very free from snow,
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ใ“ใ“ใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นใงใฏๅ†ฌใŒ็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใ‚’
18:43
we haven't had any snow whatsoever,
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่ฟŽใˆใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ—ใฆใŠใ‚Šใ€้›ชใŒใพใฃใŸใ้™ใ‚‰ใšใ€ใพใฃใŸใ้›ชใŒ้™ใฃใฆใ„ใชใ„ใฎใงใ€ๅฐ‘ใ—ไธๆบ€ใŒใ‚ใ‚Š
18:47
so I thought I would put that right right now
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆ•ฐๅนดๅ‰ใซ้›ชใŒ้™ใฃใŸใจใใซๆ’ฎๅฝฑใ—
18:51
by showing you a little video clip
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ใŸๅฐใ•ใชใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ช ใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใƒ—ใ‚’ใŠ่ฆ‹ใ›ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
18:54
that was taken a couple of years ago when we had some snow.
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ใ€‚
18:58
However, this year,
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ไปŠๅนดใ€
19:02
this winter, we've had no snow at all.
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ใ“ใฎๅ†ฌใฏ้›ชใŒใพใฃใŸใ้™ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
19:06
And to be honest, I did kind of miss it.
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ใใ—ใฆๆญฃ็›ดใชใจใ“ใ‚ใ€็งใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’่ฆ‹้€ƒใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
21:59
Wow, is that lovely?
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ใ†ใ‚ใƒผใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ็ด ๆ•ตใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
22:03
We've had no snow this year.
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ไปŠๅนดใฏ้›ชใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
22:05
Winter here in England is now coming to an end
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ใ“ใ“ใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นใฎๅ†ฌใฏ็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใซ่ฟ‘ใฅใ„
22:10
and we've had no snow whatsoever.
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ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€้›ชใฏใพใฃใŸใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
22:15
So to make up for that,
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ใใ‚Œใ‚’่ฃœใ†ใŸใ‚ใซ
22:17
I couldn't resist showing a video that I made a couple of years ago.
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ใ€ๆ•ฐๅนดๅ‰ใซไฝœใฃใŸใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ›ใ–ใ‚‹ใ‚’ๅพ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
22:22
We did have a little bit of snow last year, last winter,
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ๆ˜จๅนดใ€ๆ˜จๅนดใฎๅ†ฌใฏๅฐ‘ใ—้›ชใŒ้™ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸ
22:26
but the winter of this year, that is just coming to an end.
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ใŒใ€ไปŠๅนดใฎๅ†ฌ ใฏใกใ‚‡ใ†ใฉ็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใซ่ฟ‘ใฅใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
22:32
We've had no snow whatsoever.
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ใพใฃใŸใ้›ชใŒ้™ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
22:34
And I have to be honest with you, I did miss it and for some reason.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใซๆญฃ็›ดใซ่จ€ใ‚ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ ็งใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’้€ƒใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€ใใ—ใฆไฝ•ใ‚‰ใ‹ใฎ็†็”ฑใง.
22:39
Can I just share something with you, something personal
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ๅ€‹ไบบ็š„ใช
22:43
I am so glad that this winter is coming to an end.
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ใ“ใจใงใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใฎๅ†ฌใŒ็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใซ่ฟ‘ใฅใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ใจใฆใ‚‚ๅฌ‰ใ—ใๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
22:48
I don't know why.
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ใฉใ†ใ—ใฆใ‹ๅˆ†ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
22:49
It seemed to be a very long winter, not particularly cold,
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้žๅธธใซ้•ทใ„ๅ†ฌใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใงใ€ ็‰นใซๅฏ’ใใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸ
22:55
but miserable, I think is the word,
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ใŒใ€ๆ‚ฒๆƒจใช่จ€่‘‰ใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
23:00
especially when you only have very short days.
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็‰นใซใ€ๆ—ฅใŒ้žๅธธใซ็Ÿญใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใชใŠใ•ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
23:04
And this is something I've mentioned before here in England.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ็งใŒ ใ“ใ“ใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นใงไปฅๅ‰ใซ่จ€ๅŠใ—ใŸใ“ใจใงใ™.
23:06
We have short days during the winter.
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ๅ†ฌใฎ้–“ใฏๆ—ฅใŒ็Ÿญใ„ใ€‚
23:11
It gets dark very early during the winter,
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ๅ†ฌใฏๆ—ฉใใ‹ใ‚‰
23:14
but now slowly the days are becoming longer
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ๆ—ฅใŒๆšฎใ‚Œใพใ™ใŒใ€ๅพใ€…ใซๆ—ฅใŒ้•ทใ
23:19
and spring will be here very soon.
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ใชใ‚Šใ€ๆ˜ฅใŒใ‚‚ใ†ใ™ใใใ“ใพใงๆฅใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
23:23
And that's the reason why I always feel slightly uplifted.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒ็งใŒใ„ใคใ‚‚ ๅฐ‘ใ—้ซ˜ๆšใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจๆ„Ÿใ˜ใ‚‹็†็”ฑใงใ™.
23:27
I feel uplifted when
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23:30
March arrives because technically
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23:33
it is the start of spring,
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23:37
even though officially spring
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ๆญฃๅผใชๆ˜ฅ
23:40
does not start until the end of March.
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ใฏ 3 ๆœˆๆœซใพใงๅง‹ใพใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ๆŠ€่ก“็š„ใซใฏๆ˜ฅใฎๅง‹ใพใ‚Šใชใฎใงใ€3 ๆœˆใŒๆฅใ‚‹ใจๆฐ—ๅˆ†ใŒ้ซ˜ๆšใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
23:44
So towards the end of March is when spring
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3ๆœˆใฎ็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Š้ ƒใฏใ€ๆ˜ฅใŒ
23:47
officially begins.
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ๆœฌๆ ผ็š„ใซๅง‹ใพใ‚‹ๆ™‚ๆœŸใงใ™ใ€‚
23:50
Hello, welcome. Yes, it is English addict.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ‚ˆใ†ใ“ใใ€‚ ใฏใ„ใ€่‹ฑ่ชžไธญๆฏ’ใงใ™ใ€‚
23:53
And yes, I am here with you alive on a Wednesday,
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใฏใ„ใ€็งใฏๆฐดๆ›œๆ—ฅใ€
24:00
Wednesday, the 2nd of March two days into March.
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ๆฐดๆ›œๆ—ฅใ€3ๆœˆ2ๆ—ฅใ€3ๆœˆใฎ2ๆ—ฅ็›ฎใซใ‚ใชใŸใจไธ€็ท’ใซ็”Ÿใใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
24:05
They often say that
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24:07
number two looks a little bit like a duck.
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2็•ชใฏใ‚ขใƒ’ใƒซใซๅฐ‘ใ—ไผผใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ‚ˆใ่จ€ใ‚ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
24:11
We often say that
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24:14
the number two looks like one of these.
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2 ใจใ„ใ†ๆ•ฐๅญ—ใฏใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ 1 ใคใซไผผใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ‚ˆใ่จ€ใ‚ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
24:16
And it is when you think about it, it does look a little bit
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒใใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆ่€ƒใˆใ‚‹ใจใใ€ ใใ‚Œใฏ
24:19
like a little dip I think so.
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ๅฐ‘ใ—ใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใƒƒใƒ—ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™.
24:23
Hello, also to
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€
24:26
Marcia Cardozo.
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Marcia Cardozo ใซใ‚‚ใ€‚
24:28
Hello to you.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚
24:29
Thank you for joining me on today's live stream.
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–ใ‚นใƒˆใƒชใƒผใƒ ใซๅ‚ๅŠ ใ—ใฆใใ‚Œใฆใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ€‚
24:33
Now, as I mentioned earlier, Mr.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ๅ…ˆใปใฉ็”ณใ—ไธŠใ’ใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€
24:36
Steve is not here.
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ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใ•ใ‚“ใฏใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
24:39
Unfortunately, there is no Mr. Steve today.
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ๆฎ‹ๅฟตใชใŒใ‚‰ใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใ€ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ๆฐใฏใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
24:42
For those who are a fan of the words of wisdom that Mr.
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ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ๆฐใŒใ‚ˆใๅ‡บใ™็Ÿฅๆตใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใŒๅฅฝใใชไบบๅ‘ใ‘
24:47
Steve often comes out with.
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ใ€‚
24:49
He's not here, but is also not here in the house.
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ๅฝผใฏใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ๅฎถใซใ‚‚ใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
24:53
He's gone away all the way to York.
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ๅฝผใฏใฏใ‚‹ใฐใ‚‹ใƒจใƒผใ‚ฏใซ่กŒใฃใฆใ—ใพใฃใŸใ€‚
24:57
And for those who know what the UK looks like
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ใใ—ใฆใ€่‹ฑๅ›ฝใŒใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใ‚‹
25:01
and the places and how far away they are,
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ใ‹ใ€ๅ ดๆ‰€ใจใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใŒใฉใ‚Œใ ใ‘้›ขใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไบบใซใจใฃใฆใ€
25:04
York is a very long way from much Wenlock.
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ใƒจใƒผใ‚ฏใฏๅคšใใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒณใƒญใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‹ใ‚‰้ ใ้›ขใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™.
25:08
So there is no Mr. Steve.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใ•ใ‚“ใฏใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
25:10
But I thought we would make up for it
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ใงใ‚‚ใ€ใ‚ญใƒƒใƒใƒณใงๅฐ‘ใ—ๆ™‚้–“ใ‚’้Žใ”ใ™ใ“ใจใงใใ‚Œใ‚’่ฃœใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„
25:14
by spending a little bit bit of time in the kitchen.
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ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
25:18
So this is a video that we recorded well in
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25:22
I think it was in November, 2020
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2020ๅนด11ๆœˆใซ
25:26
when we went into the kitchen to make some scones.
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ใ‚นใ‚ณใƒผใƒณใ‚’ไฝœใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ‚ญใƒƒใƒใƒณใซๅ…ฅใฃใŸใจใใ ใฃใŸใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
25:30
And as you know, Mr.
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ใ”ๅญ˜็Ÿฅใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€
25:32
Steve enjoys cooking and also baking.
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ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ๆฐใฏๆ–™็†ใจใƒ‘ใƒณไฝœใ‚ŠใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚
25:35
So I couldn't resist showing the moment
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰
25:40
that we went into the kitchen and we decided to make some lovely scones.
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ใ€ใ‚ญใƒƒใƒใƒณ ใซ่กŒใฃใฆ็ด ๆ•ตใชใ‚นใ‚ณใƒผใƒณใ‚’ไฝœใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใ—ใŸ็žฌ้–“ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ›ใšใซใฏใ„ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
25:45
And that is what is following right now.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒไปŠ็ถšใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
25:48
And then after this it is more live English.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใฎๅพŒใฏใ‚‚ใฃใจ็”ŸใใŸ่‹ฑ่ชžใงใ™ใ€‚
25:54
Hi, everybody.
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ใฟใชใ•ใ‚“ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚
25:55
Welcome to Mr.
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25:56
Duncan's kitchen on a Saturday night.
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ๅœŸๆ›œๆ—ฅใฎๅคœใ€ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณๆฐใฎใ‚ญใƒƒใƒใƒณใธใ‚ˆใ†ใ“ใใ€‚
26:00
And guess what? Mr.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ไฝ•ใ‚’ๆŽจๆธฌใ—ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
26:02
Steve is going to show us how to make his magic scones
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ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใ•ใ‚“ใŒ้ญ”ๆณ•ใฎใ‚นใ‚ณใƒผใƒณใฎไฝœใ‚Šๆ–นใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ‚Œใพใ™
26:10
The only problem is we are missing one important ingredient, and that is Mr.
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ใ€‚ๅ”ฏไธ€ใฎๅ•้กŒใฏ ใ€้‡่ฆใชๆๆ–™ใŒ 1 ใคๆฌ ใ‘ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ใใ‚ŒใŒ
26:14
Steve.
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ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใ•ใ‚“ใงใ™ใ€‚
26:15
Come on, Mr. Steve.
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ใ•ใ‚ใ€ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใ•ใ‚“ใ€‚
26:19
Hello, Hello.
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ใ‚„ใ‚ใ‚„ใ‚ใ€‚
26:20
Here he is. Here I am.
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ใ“ใ“ใซๅฝผใŒใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ€‚
26:22
This normally is an English teaching channel, but today it's a cookery channel,
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ๆ™ฎๆฎตใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใ‚‹ใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซใงใ™ ใŒใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏๆ–™็†ใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซใช
26:28
so you can learn how to make scones or scones
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ใฎใงใ€ใ‚นใ‚ณใƒผใƒณใ‚„ใ‚นใ‚ณใƒผใƒณใฎไฝœใ‚Šๆ–น
26:31
and learn some new English words as well.
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ใ‚„ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„่‹ฑๅ˜่ชžใ‚‚ๅญฆในใพใ™ใ€‚
26:35
So without any more messing about.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒไปฅไธŠใ„ใ˜ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใชใใ€‚
26:38
Let's get on with it, shall we? I'm ready, Mr. Duncan.
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ๅ…ˆใซ้€ฒใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€‚ ๆบ–ๅ‚™ใŒใงใใพใ—ใŸใ€ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใ•ใ‚“ใ€‚
26:40
I have all my ingredients made out here on this
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็งใฏใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ็šฎใ‚’ไฝœใ‚‹ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใฎใ‹ใชใ‚Šๅฐใ•ใช้ ˜ๅŸŸใงใ“ใ“ใงไฝœใ‚‰ใ‚ŒใŸ็งใฎใ™ในใฆใฎๆˆๅˆ†ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™
26:44
rather small area that I'm going to make these skins on.
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.
26:49
So. Right. The most important thing is this
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ใใ†ใ€‚ ๅณใ€‚ ๆœ€ใ‚‚้‡่ฆใชใ“ใจใฏใ€ใ“ใฎ
26:53
weighing device scales.
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่จˆ้‡่ฃ…็ฝฎใ‚นใ‚ฑใƒผใƒซใงใ™ใ€‚
26:57
And I'll use the old fashioned non electronic ones.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ๆ˜”ใชใŒใ‚‰ใฎ้ž้›ปๅญ็š„ใชใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
27:02
I've had these since I was about 20. Right.
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20ๆญณใใ‚‰ใ„ใฎ้ ƒใ‹ใ‚‰ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
27:05
So first ingredient, of course, I've got my cookery book here.
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ๆœ€ๅˆใฎๆๆ–™ใฏใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ ใ“ใ“ใซ็งใฎๆ–™็†ๆœฌใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
27:09
This is a very big The Good Housekeeping Guide, but Mr.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้žๅธธใซๅคงใใช The Good Housekeeping Guide ใงใ™ใŒใ€
27:14
Duncan wants to put a Good Housekeeping book.
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Duncan ๆฐใฏ Good Housekeeping ใฎๆœฌใ‚’ๆŽฒ่ผ‰ใ—ใŸใ„ใจ่€ƒใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
27:17
I've had this again my mother bought this for me
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็งใŒๅฎถใ‚’ๅ‡บใŸ18ๆญณใฎ้ ƒใ€ๆฏใŒใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่ฒทใฃใฆใใ‚ŒใŸใฎใ‚’ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆ้ฃŸในใพใ—ใŸ
27:20
when I was about 18 when I left home.
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ใ€‚
27:23
And it's got everything in here you could possibly want to cook.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่ชฟ็†ใ—ใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ™ในใฆใŒใ“ใ“ใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™.
27:27
So on page three, seven, eight, it tells me how to make scones.
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3ใ€7ใ€8ใƒšใƒผใ‚ธ ใซใ‚นใ‚ณใƒผใƒณใฎไฝœใ‚Šๆ–นใŒๆ›ธใ‹ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
27:32
The first thing is I want eight ounces of self-raising flour.
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ๆœ€ๅˆใซใ€ 8 ใ‚ชใƒณใ‚นใฎใ‚ปใƒซใƒ•ใƒฌใ‚คใ‚ธใƒณใ‚ฐ ใƒ•ใƒฉใƒฏใƒผใŒๅฟ…่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚
27:37
So we're going to weigh this
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ใงใฏใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’้‡ใ‚Š
27:41
Here we go, eight full ounces.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ใฉใ†ใžใ€8 ใ‚ชใƒณใ‚นใงใ™ใ€‚
27:45
It's self-raising, of course, because we want the scones
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€
27:48
to rise in the oven
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ใ‚นใ‚ณใƒผใƒณใ‚’ใ‚ชใƒผใƒ–ใƒณใง็™บ้…ตใ•ใ›ใฆ
27:52
so that they're nice and delicate and spongy and nice to eat.
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ใ€็นŠ็ดฐ ใงใ‚นใƒใƒณใ‚ธ็Šถใง้ฃŸในใ‚„ใ™ใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ—ใŸใ„ใฎใงใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ่‡ชๅทฑ็™บ้…ตใงใ™.
27:57
So we also want to make it rise even more.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰็งใŸใกใ‚‚ใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ‚‚โ€‹โ€‹ใฃใจไธŠใ’ใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
28:01
So we add some baking powder, so it just helps it to rise a bit more.
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ใใ“ใงใ€ใƒ™ใƒผใ‚ญใƒณใ‚ฐใƒ‘ใ‚ฆใƒ€ใƒผใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ— ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใซใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ€ใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ—่†จใ‚‰ใ‚€ใฎใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใกใพใ™.
28:06
So how much do we want, Mr. Duncan?
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ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใ•ใ‚“ใ€ใ„ใใ‚‰ๆฌฒใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
28:08
Baking powder that we want One level teaspoon.
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ๆฌฒใ—ใ„ใƒ™ใƒผใ‚ญใƒณใ‚ฐใƒ‘ใ‚ฆใƒ€ใƒผ ใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใ‚นใƒ—ใƒผใƒณ1ๆฏ็จ‹ๅบฆใ€‚
28:13
Now, here is my magic spoons.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒ็งใฎ้ญ”ๆณ•ใฎใ‚นใƒ—ใƒผใƒณใงใ™ใ€‚ ๆ–™็†
28:17
They have all the the different measurements that you might need in cookery.
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ใซๅฟ…่ฆใชใ•ใพใ–ใพใชๆธฌๅฎšๅ€คใŒใ™ในใฆๆƒใฃใฆ ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
28:22
So what did I say?
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€็งใฏไฝ•ใ‚’่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‹๏ผŸ
28:23
Half a teaspoon. A whole teaspoon. Mr. Duncan's chef.
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ๅฐใ•ใ˜ๅŠๅˆ†ใ€‚ ๅฐใ•ใ˜ไธ€ๆฏใ€‚ ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณๆฐใฎใ‚ทใ‚งใƒ•ใ€‚
28:27
What does it say?
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28:27
Let's check again one level teaspoon baking powder.
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ใใ‚Œใฏไฝ•ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
ๅฐใ•ใ˜1ๆฏใฎใƒ™ใƒผใ‚ญใƒณใ‚ฐใƒ‘ใ‚ฆใƒ€ใƒผใ‚’ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆ็ขบ่ชใ—ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
28:31
There we go. We also want some salt.
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ใงใฏ่กŒใใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ๅกฉใ‚‚ๆฌฒใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
28:34
We want half a teaspoon of salt, which sounds odd for cakes.
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ใ‚ฑใƒผใ‚ญใซใฏๅฅ‡ๅฆ™ใซ่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ๅฐใ•ใ˜ๅŠๅˆ†ใฎๅกฉใŒๅฟ…่ฆใงใ™ .
28:39
Let's just out in the living facility.
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็”Ÿๆดปๆ–ฝ่จญใซๅ‡บใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
28:41
I think it's because that's just the flavour.
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ใใ‚ŒใฏใŸใ ใฎๅ‘ณใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
28:44
So we need to save everything to make sure that aren't any lumps
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ใใฎใŸใ‚ ใ€ๅกŠใซใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ™ในใฆใ‚’ไฟๅญ˜ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒ
28:49
And it also helps to mix the ingredients.
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ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใพใŸใ€ๆๆ–™ใ‚’ๆททใœใ‚‹ใฎใซใ‚‚ๅฝน็ซ‹ใกใพใ™ใ€‚
28:54
Plus, I just like sitting.
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ใ•ใ‚‰ใซใ€็งใฏใŸใ ๅบงใ‚‹ใฎใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚
28:56
See if this is a sieve
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ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒใตใ‚‹ใ„ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€
28:59
so it takes out all the lumps and also creates.
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ใ™ในใฆใฎๅกŠใŒๅ–ใ‚Šๅ‡บใ•ใ‚Œใ€ไฝœๆˆใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
29:04
Thank goodness.
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ใ‚ˆใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
29:06
A big cloud of flour at the same time of the day.
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1 ๆ—ฅใฎๅŒใ˜ๆ™‚้–“ใซๅฐ้บฆ็ฒ‰ใฎๅคงใใช้›ฒใ€‚
29:11
Here we go.
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ใฉใ†ใžใ€‚
29:13
So I'll give it a bit of a mix.
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ใจใ„ใ†ใ‚ใ‘ใงๅฐ‘ใ—ๆททใœใฆใฟใพใ™ใ€‚
29:15
I'll give it a bit of a mix, Mr.
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ๅฐ‘ใ—ๆททใœใฆใฟใพใ™ใ€
29:16
Duncan, just to make sure that all those other ingredients are mixed up.
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ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใ•ใ‚“ใ€ ไป–ใฎใ™ในใฆใฎๆๆ–™ใŒๆททใ–ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚
29:21
Now, they will say, you want cool hands for baking,
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ไปŠใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ่จ€ใ†ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€
29:24
because if your hands are sticky and hot, everything gets sticky.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๆ‰‹ใŒใƒ™ใƒˆใƒ™ใƒˆใ—ใฆ็†ฑใใชใ‚‹ใจใ€ ใ™ในใฆใŒใƒ™ใƒˆใƒ™ใƒˆใซใชใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ใƒ™ใƒผใ‚ญใƒณใ‚ฐใซใฏๅ†ทใŸใ„ๆ‰‹ใŒๅฟ…่ฆใงใ™.
29:28
Right now. We've got to add some fat to this, Mr. Duncan.
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ใŸใฃใŸไปŠใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใซ่„‚่‚ชใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใ•ใ‚“ใ€‚
29:31
How much do we need?
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ใ„ใใ‚‰ๅฟ…่ฆใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
29:32
We want one to two ounces of butter,
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ใƒใ‚ฟใƒผใฏ 1 ๏ฝž 2 ใ‚ชใƒณใ‚น
29:35
which is 25 to 50 grams.
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ใ€ใคใพใ‚Š 25 ๏ฝž 50 ใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ ๅฟ…่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚ ใกใชใฟใซ
29:40
Eight ounces of flour, by
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ใ€8 ใ‚ชใƒณใ‚นใฎๅฐ้บฆ็ฒ‰
29:42
the way, is 225 grams of flour.
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ใฏ 225 ใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ ใฎๅฐ้บฆ็ฒ‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
29:47
So I'm going to add two ounces because I can add two ounces will make it
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2ใ‚ชใƒณใ‚นใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ™ใ‚‹ใจ
29:52
just a little bit more rich than it otherwise would have been.
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ใ€ใใ†ใงใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚ๅฐ‘ใ—ใƒชใƒƒใƒใซใชใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€2ใ‚ชใƒณใ‚นใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ— ใพใ™.
29:57
In fact, I might just add a little bit more.
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ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏใ€ใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ—่ฟฝๅŠ ใ™ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
29:59
Maybe get two ounces of fast.
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ๅคšๅˆ†2ใ‚ชใƒณใ‚นใฎ้€Ÿใ•ใ‚’ๅพ—ใ‚‹.
30:02
Any old fat will do.
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ใฉใ‚“ใชๅคใ„่„‚่‚ชใงใ‚‚ๆง‹ใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
30:04
Simply put the fat into their
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่„‚่‚ช
30:08
with the flour and then you've got to mix it all up.
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ใ‚’ๅฐ้บฆ็ฒ‰ใจไธ€็ท’ใซๅ…ฅใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใ€ใ™ในใฆใ‚’ๆททใœใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
30:14
I like this bit.
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็งใฏใ“ใฎใƒ“ใƒƒใƒˆใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚
30:15
So you sort of squash
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ใคใพใ‚Š
30:18
the flour with the fat
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ใ€ๅฐ้บฆ็ฒ‰ใ‚’่„‚่‚ชใงๆŠผใ—ใคใถใ—
30:23
and eventually and all sort of combines together.
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ใ€ๆœ€็ต‚็š„ใซใฏใ‚ใ‚‰ใ‚†ใ‚‹็จฎ้กžใฎใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’็ต„ใฟๅˆใ‚ใ›ใ‚‹.
30:26
Now, I should be using a bigger bowl. Really.
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ไปŠใ€็งใฏใ‚ˆใ‚Šๅคงใใชใƒœใ‚ฆใƒซใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™. ๆœฌๅฝ“ใ€‚
30:29
Can you describe this is kneading?
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ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒๆใญใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่ชฌๆ˜Žใงใใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
30:31
No, this isn't kneading.
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ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๆทท็ทดใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
30:32
This is just sort of mixing.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏไธ€็จฎใฎใƒŸใ‚ญใ‚ทใƒณใ‚ฐใงใ™ใ€‚
30:34
You're just blending the fact with the flour.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใฎไบ‹ๅฎŸใ‚’ๅฐ้บฆ็ฒ‰ใจๆททใœๅˆใ‚ใ›ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใ™.
30:38
And what happens is it turns into sort of bread crumbs is quite magic the way it happens.
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ใใ—ใฆไฝ•ใŒ่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ใ‹ใจใ„ใ†ใจใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒ ไธ€็จฎใฎใƒ‘ใƒณใใšใซๅค‰ใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒ่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใฏใ‹ใชใ‚Š้ญ”ๆณ•ใงใ™.
30:44
And of course, we need to get it nicely, evenly mixed up.
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ใใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ใ†ใพใๅ‡็ญ‰ใซๆททใœๅˆใ‚ใ›ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Š ใพใ™ใ€‚
30:48
Here we go.
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30:48
Make sure it's all blended in.
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ใฉใ†ใžใ€‚
ใ™ในใฆใŒๆททใ–ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
30:51
I'm not really using the correct bowl.
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ใ€‚ๆญฃใ—ใ„ใƒœใ‚ฆใƒซใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
30:54
You normally use a bigger bowl, but I haven't got one because I broke it.
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ๆ™ฎๆฎตใฏๅคงใใ‚ใฎใŠๆค€ใ‚’ไฝฟใฃ ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€็งใฏๅ‰ฒใฃใฆใ—ใพใฃใŸใฎใงๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
30:59
It's only recently that I've started actually baking again.
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ๆœฌๆ ผ็š„ใซใƒ‘ใƒณไฝœใ‚Šใ‚’ๅ†้–‹ใ—ใŸใฎใฏใคใ„ๆœ€่ฟ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚
31:02
Now, can you see what's happened here, Mr. Dunk?
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ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ฏใ•ใ‚“ใ€ใ“ใ“ใงไฝ•ใŒ่ตทใใŸใ‹ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
31:05
All the flour has blended with the fat,
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ใ™ในใฆใฎๅฐ้บฆ็ฒ‰ใŒ่„‚่‚ชใจๆททใ–ใ‚Šๅˆใฃใฆใ€
31:08
and we've got sort of bread crumbs.
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ใƒ‘ใƒณ็ฒ‰ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใŒใงใใพใ—ใŸ.
31:11
A break from the effect?
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ๅŠนๆžœใ‹ใ‚‰ใฎไผ‘ๆ†ฉ๏ผŸ
31:13
Yes. It's quite magic, isn't it?
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ใฏใ„ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏใ‹ใชใ‚Š้ญ”ๆณ•ใงใ™ใญใ€‚
31:14
So I can't believe that this will eventually become scones.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒๆœ€็ต‚็š„ใซใ‚นใ‚ณใƒผใƒณใซใชใ‚‹ใชใ‚“ใฆไฟกใ˜ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ€‚
31:19
Well, it will. And I'm just.
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ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€็งใฏใŸใ ใงใ™ใ€‚
31:20
I can feel the end of a bit of fact here, so I'm just trying to blend it in to make sure it's
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ใ“ใ“ใงๅฐ‘ใ—ไบ‹ๅฎŸใฎ็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใ‚’ๆ„Ÿใ˜ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€
31:25
all correctly done because we don't want these sort of lumps of blended fat.
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ใ“ใฎ ็จฎใฎใƒ–ใƒฌใƒณใƒ‰ใ•ใ‚ŒใŸ่„‚่‚ชใฎๅกŠใŒๆฌฒใ—ใใชใ„ใฎใงใ€ใ™ในใฆใŒๆญฃใ—ใ่กŒใ‚ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใƒ–ใƒฌใƒณใƒ‰ใ—ใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™.
31:33
Right.
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31:33
My mother always used to say, you want cool hands for making cakes.
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ๅณใ€‚
็งใฎๆฏใฏใ„ใคใ‚‚ ใ€ใ‚ฑใƒผใ‚ญใ‚’ไฝœใ‚‹ใซใฏใ‚ฏใƒผใƒซใชๆ‰‹ใŒๅฟ…่ฆใ ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸ.
31:38
Right. Here we go.
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ๅณใ€‚ ใฉใ†ใžใ€‚
31:40
It's always messy doing this.
432
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่กŒใ†ใฎใฏใ„ใคใ‚‚้ขๅ€’ใงใ™ใ€‚
31:41
Don't expect this to be not messy.
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ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒ้ขๅ€’ใงใฏใชใ„ใจๆœŸๅพ…ใ—ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
31:43
We're all old clothes now.
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ไปŠใฏใฟใ‚“ใชๅค็€ใงใ™ใ€‚
31:47
We need to add some milk.
435
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ใƒŸใƒซใ‚ฏใ‚’ๅŠ ใˆใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
31:49
We want a quarter of a pint of milk or a 150 mils.
436
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็‰›ไนณใฏ 4 ๅˆ†ใฎ 1 ใƒ‘ใ‚คใƒณใƒˆใพใŸใฏ 150 ใƒŸใƒซใŒๅฟ…่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚
31:54
Now, don't add it all in.
437
1914320
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ใ“ใ“ใงใ€ใ™ในใฆใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ—ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„
31:55
It once, because this is quite important, because you don't want the mixture to become sticky.
438
1915560
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ใ€‚ๆททๅˆ็‰ฉใŒในใŸใคใใฎใ‚’้ฟใ‘ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้žๅธธใซ้‡่ฆใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€ไธ€ๅบฆใซ่ฟฝๅŠ ใ— ใพใ™ใ€‚
32:00
We want it to go into a consistency that's a bit like bread
439
1920920
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ๅฐ‘ใ—ใƒ‘ใƒณใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชๅ›บใ•ใซใ—ใŸใ„
32:06
So I'm going to add quarter of a pint of milk.
440
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ใฎใงใ€็‰›ไนณใ‚’ 1/4 ใƒ‘ใ‚คใƒณใƒˆๅŠ ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
32:08
We're not going to put it all in.
441
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ใ™ในใฆใ‚’ๅ…ฅใ‚Œใ‚‹ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Š
32:11
We're going to leave some of it out
442
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32:14
because we don't want it to get sticky
443
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ใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
32:18
because we won't be able to turn into nice shapes.
444
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ใ€‚็ด ๆ•ตใชๅฝขใซๅค‰ใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใšใ€ใƒ™ใ‚ฟใƒ™ใ‚ฟใ—ใŸใใชใ„ใฎใงใ€ไธ€้ƒจใ‚’้™คๅค–ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
32:22
If it does go too sticky, then we can just add some more flour to it.
445
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ในใŸใคใใ™ใŽใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ ๅฐ้บฆ็ฒ‰ใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ™ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚
32:26
I'm not going to get in there with my hands because there's nothing more satisfying
446
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็งใฏๆ‰‹ใงใใ“ใซๅ…ฅใ‚‹ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
32:32
than needing a bit of dough That's perfect, Mr.
447
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็”Ÿๅœฐใ‚’ๅฐ‘ใ—ๅฟ…่ฆใจใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใปใฉๆบ€่ถณใงใใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใฏใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ใใ‚ŒใฏๅฎŒ็’งใงใ™ใ€
32:35
Dunk.
448
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ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ฏใ•ใ‚“ใ€‚
32:36
We just want it like that so that we can just it doesn't stick to our hands
449
1956880
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็งใŸใกใฏใŸใ ใ€ ใใ‚ŒใŒใ‚ˆใ‚Šๅคšใใฎๅฐ้บฆ็ฒ‰ใงใ‚ใชใŸใฎๆ‰‹ใ‚’ใใฃใคใ‘ใŸใจใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใ€็งใŸใกใฎๆ‰‹ใซใใฃใคใ‹ใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ—ใŸใ„ใ ใ‘ใงใ™
32:41
if it sticks your hands at more flour, but it's best to buy it less than they suggest.
450
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ใŒใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒๆๆกˆใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚ๅฐ‘ใชใ่ณผๅ…ฅใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใŒๆœ€ๅ–„ใงใ™.
32:45
Right.
451
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32:45
So next stage, Mr.
452
1965920
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ๅณใ€‚
ๆฌกใฎใ‚นใƒ†ใƒผใ‚ธใ€
32:48
Duncan, is that I like fruit scones.
453
1968000
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ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใ•ใ‚“ใ€็งใฏใƒ•ใƒซใƒผใƒ„ใ‚นใ‚ณใƒผใƒณใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚
32:53
Here's the fruit raisin.
454
1973240
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ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใŒใƒ•ใƒซใƒผใƒ„ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใƒณใ€‚
32:55
There we go.
455
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ใงใฏ่กŒใใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
32:56
I like raisins.
456
1976880
1320
ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใƒณใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚
32:58
I like sweet stones.
457
1978200
1360
็”˜ใ„็ŸณใŒๅฅฝใใ€‚
32:59
Mr. Duncan wants cheese in his.
458
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ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณๆฐใฏใƒใƒผใ‚บใ‚’ๅ…ฅใ‚ŒใŸใŒใ‚‹ใ€‚
33:02
Oh, yes.
459
1982360
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ใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚
33:03
And there we go. So there's some cheese that I grated.
460
1983520
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใ“ใซ่กŒใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใ€็งใŒใ™ใ‚ŠใŠใ‚ใ—ใŸใƒใƒผใ‚บใŒใ„ใใคใ‹ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–
33:06
One of the things that I've noticed, Steve, is if you grate cheese,
461
1986720
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ใ€็งใŒๆฐ—ใฅใ„ใŸใ“ใจใฎ 1 ใค ใฏใ€ใƒใƒผใ‚บใ‚’ใ™ใ‚ŠใŠใ‚
33:09
it becomes more much easier to handle.
462
1989440
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ใ™ใจใ€ๆ‰ฑใ„ใ‚„ใ™ใใชใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
33:12
You can have.
463
1992800
800
ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆŒใคใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
33:13
You can handle it much easier. Right.
464
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ใฏใ‚‹ใ‹ใซ็ฐกๅ˜ใซๅ‡ฆ็†ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅณใ€‚
33:15
So because Mr.
465
1995880
1120
33:17
Duncan wants cheese in his I'm going to split this in half,
466
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ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใ•ใ‚“ใฏใƒใƒผใ‚บใ‚’ๅ…ฅใ‚ŒใŸใ„ใฎใงใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ๅŠๅˆ†ใซๅˆ†ใ‘ใฆใ€ๅŠๅˆ†ใง
33:22
and then I'll get in to
467
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33:25
make the cheese ones with one half.
468
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ใƒใƒผใ‚บใ‚’ไฝœใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
33:28
So I'll approximately cut it in half.
469
2008280
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ใชใฎใงใ€ๅŠๅˆ†ใใ‚‰ใ„ใซๅˆ‡ใฃใฆใ„ใใพใ™ใ€‚
33:31
All right. That I'll just see what there they are the same.
470
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใŒๅŒใ˜ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
33:35
Eight ounces.
471
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8ใ‚ชใƒณใ‚นใ€‚
33:37
Eight ounces.
472
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8ใ‚ชใƒณใ‚นใ€‚
33:38
So that's Mr. Duncan.
473
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ใใ‚ŒใŒใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณๆฐใงใ™ใ€‚
33:40
So these are approximately the same
474
2020840
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏใปใผๅŒใ˜ใชใฎใง
33:43
and now I'm going to put cheese in.
475
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ใ€ไปŠๅบฆใฏใƒใƒผใ‚บใ‚’ๅ…ฅใ‚Œใพใ™
33:46
We probably should have done this before, but it doesn't matter.
476
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ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใฏไปฅๅ‰ใซ่กŒใ†ในใใ ใฃใŸใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œ ใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ๅ•้กŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
33:49
We can do it afterwards in engage the cheese
477
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ๅพŒใงใƒใƒผใ‚บใ‚’ใ‹ใฟๅˆใ‚ใ›ใฆใใ‚Œใ‚’่กŒใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™
33:53
then I'm just going to sort of mash it in there. Hmm.
478
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ใ€‚ ใ†ใƒผใ‚“ใ€‚
33:57
So you're mixing the cheese into the dough? Yes.
479
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็”Ÿๅœฐใซใƒใƒผใ‚บใ‚’ๆททใœใฆใ‚‹ใ‚“ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใฏใ„ใ€‚
34:00
But probably if I wasn't splitting this into two lots,
480
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ 2 ใคใฎใƒญใƒƒใƒˆใซๅˆ†ใ‘ใฆใ„ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€
34:04
I would have probably added the cheese in it
481
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ใŠใใ‚‰ใไปฅๅ‰ใซๆททใœใฆใ„ใŸใจใใซใƒใƒผใ‚บใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
34:08
when I was mixing it in earlier.
482
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ใ€‚
34:11
But because Mr.
483
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1000
ใงใ‚‚ใ€
34:12
Duncan's awkward and he wants cheese, I do that.
484
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ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใ•ใ‚“ใฏใŽใ“ใกใชใใฆใ€ใƒใƒผใ‚บใ‚’ๆฌฒใ—ใŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€็งใฏใใ†ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
34:14
I'm going to I'm going to mix it in now.
485
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰ๆททใœใฆใ„ใใพใ™ใ€‚
34:16
I love cheese, and it doesn't matter because we've got the perfect consistency for the dough here.
486
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็งใฏใƒใƒผใ‚บใŒๅคงๅฅฝใ ใงใ™ใŒใ€็”Ÿๅœฐใฎไธ€่ฒซๆ€งใŒๅฎŒ็’งใชใฎใงๅ•้กŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
34:22
It's not sticking to my fingers.
487
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ๆŒ‡ใซใใฃใคใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
34:24
It would blend the cheese in there.
488
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ใใ“ใซใƒใƒผใ‚บใ‚’ใƒ–ใƒฌใƒณใƒ‰ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
34:27
You can add all sorts of things to this.
489
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ใ“ใ‚Œใซใ‚ใ‚‰ใ‚†ใ‚‹็จฎ้กžใฎใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
34:29
You might be interested to know that I haven't added
490
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34:32
any sugar to this because you don't have to for scones,
491
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ใ‚นใ‚ณใƒผใƒณใซใฏ็ ‚็ณ–ใ‚’ๅŠ ใˆใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใชใ„ใฎใงใ€็ ‚็ณ–ใ‚’ๅŠ ใˆใฆใ„ใชใ„ใ“ใจใซ่ˆˆๅ‘ณใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
34:36
right?
492
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ใ‚ˆใญ?
34:38
Is Mr.
493
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34:39
Duncan's that's ready?
494
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ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใ•ใ‚“ใฎๆบ–ๅ‚™ใฏใงใใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
34:40
We're not going to overdo it. To sink it. We're cooking it out.
495
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็„ก็†ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆฒˆใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€‚ ็งใŸใกใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’่ชฟ็†ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
34:43
Overdo it.
496
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ใ‚„ใ‚Š้ŽใŽใ€‚
34:44
Now I'm going to split it into three.
497
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰3ใคใซๅˆ†ใ‘ใพใ™ใ€‚
34:49
Going a roll.
498
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้ †่ชฟใซ้€ฒใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
34:50
It's a bit not going to split into three scones.
499
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ใ‚นใ‚ณใƒผใƒณ3ใคใซๅ‰ฒใ‚‹ใซใฏใกใ‚‡ใฃใจ็„ก็†ใ‹ใชใ€‚
34:55
So, Mr. Duncan.
500
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ใงใฏใ€ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใ•ใ‚“ใ€‚
34:56
Yeah, because he's important.
501
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ใˆใˆใ€ๅฝผใฏ้‡่ฆใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
34:59
So there we go.
502
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€่กŒใใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
35:01
A lot. You know, I might be able to get more than three.
503
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ๅคšใใฎใ€‚ ใปใ‚‰ใ€ ็งใฏ3ใคไปฅไธŠใ‚’ๆ‰‹ใซๅ…ฅใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
35:03
I'll do three because that'll be quite nice.
504
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ‹ใชใ‚Šใ„ใ„ใฎใงใ€็งใฏ3ใคใ‚„ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
35:06
Again, they're going to be very big scones.
505
2106200
2040
็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใจใฆใ‚‚ๅคงใใชใ‚นใ‚ณใƒผใƒณใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
35:08
They are going to be very big.
506
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ้žๅธธใซๅคงใใใชใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
35:09
And now all I'm going to do is roll them like that.
507
2109880
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ใใ—ใฆไปŠใ€็งใŒใ‚„ใ‚ใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใฏใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ใใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ปขใŒใ™ใ“ใจใ ใ‘ใงใ™.
35:14
I'm not going to mess around with them and put them onto
508
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็งใฏใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ใ„ใ˜ใฃใฆใ€ๅฐ้บฆ็ฒ‰ใ‚’ ใคใ‘
35:18
a baking sheet,
509
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ใŸๅคฉๆฟใซ็ฝฎใ
35:20
which has some flour on because I don't want it to stick
510
2120720
2400
35:26
we don't need to be first to be this.
511
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ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒๆœ€ๅˆใซใชใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใฏใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
35:27
You can get proper things for cutting out nice shapes, but we're not going to bother.
512
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็ด ๆ•ตใชๅฝขใ‚’ๅˆ‡ใ‚Šๅ–ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใฎ้ฉๅˆ‡ใชใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ๆ‰‹ใซๅ…ฅใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใŒ ใ€ๆฐ—ใซใ™ใ‚‹ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
35:31
We're just going to shove them onto the baking tray like that.
513
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ใใฎ ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใƒ™ใƒผใ‚ญใƒณใ‚ฐใƒˆใƒฌใ‚คใซๆŠผใ—่พผใ‚€ใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚
35:35
And then here's mine.
514
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒ็งใฎใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
35:36
I don't want cheese in mine, so we want raisins in mine.
515
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็งใฏใƒใƒผใ‚บใ‚’ ๅ…ฅใ‚ŒใŸใใชใ„ใฎใงใ€ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใƒณใ‚’ๅ…ฅใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
35:41
So I'm just going to add a handful of raisins and that'll do we have to measure it?
516
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ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใƒณใ‚’ใปใ‚“ใฎไธ€ๆกใ‚ŠๅŠ ใˆใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใ™ ใŒใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆธฌๅฎšใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹?
35:47
Just a few.
517
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ๅฐ‘ใ—ใ ใ‘ใ€‚
35:48
So I'm going to just blend that in the first half.
518
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ๅ‰ๅŠใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ใƒ–ใƒฌใƒณใƒ‰ใ™ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚
35:52
I did with the cheese and out of one mixture,
519
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็งใฏใƒใƒผใ‚บใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆใ€1ใคใฎๆททๅˆ็‰ฉ
35:57
I've got two different types of stone, which is
520
2157240
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ใ‹ใ‚‰2ใคใฎ็•ฐใชใ‚‹ใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒ—ใฎ็Ÿณใ‚’ๆ‰‹ใซๅ…ฅใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใใ‚Œใฏ
36:01
I think that's very clever of you.
521
2161160
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใจใฆใ‚‚่ณขใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™.
36:03
I think it's very not only clever, but also resourceful.
522
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่ณขใ„ใ ใ‘ใงใชใใ€ๆฉŸ็ŸฅใซๅฏŒใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ ใพใ™ใ€‚
36:06
Yes, it shouldn't really handle this very much because
523
2166800
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ใฏใ„ใ€ไธŠๆ˜‡ใฎไป•ๆ–นใซๅฝฑ้Ÿฟใ‚’ไธŽใˆใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ใ‚ใพใ‚Šๅ‡ฆ็†ใ™ใ‚‹ในใใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
36:12
it's going to affect the way it rises.
524
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ใ€‚
36:14
Oh, I'm going to get three scans after this as well.
525
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ใ‚ใ€ใ“ใฎๅพŒใ‚‚3ๅ›žใ‚นใ‚ญใƒฃใƒณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
36:18
So I get one to
526
2178480
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰็งใฏใใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆใฎ1ใคใ‚’ๅ–ๅพ—ใ—
36:23
it's about.
527
2183680
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ใพใ™ใ€‚
36:24
All right,
528
2184200
960
ใ‚ˆใ—ใ€
36:27
there we go.
529
2187240
880
ใใ‚Œใงใฏ่กŒใใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
36:28
Don't need to be too precise with it.
530
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ใ‚ใพใ‚Šๆญฃ็ขบใงใ‚ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
36:30
Roll it up, stick it on.
531
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ใใ‚‹ใใ‚‹ๅทปใ„ใฆใ€่ฒผใฃใฆใ€‚
36:31
It's on the baking tray that's ready to go in the oven.
532
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ใ‚ชใƒผใƒ–ใƒณใซๅ…ฅใ‚Œใ‚‹ๆบ–ๅ‚™ใŒใงใใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใƒ™ใƒผใ‚ญใƒณใ‚ฐ ใƒˆใƒฌใ‚คใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
36:34
One more thing to do we're just going to glaze.
533
2194680
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ใ‚‚ใ†1ใคใ‚„ใ‚‹ในใใ“ใจใฏใ€้‡‰่–ฌใ‚’ใ‹ใ‘ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚
36:39
We're going to put some milk on the top,
534
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ไธŠใซ็‰›ไนณใ‚’ใฎใ›ใพใ™ใ€‚
36:42
which just when they bake, it gives it a nice colour
535
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็„ผใ่‰ฒใŒใคใ„
36:47
you can use egg mixture for this,
536
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ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ๅตๆถฒใ‚’ไฝฟใ†ใจ
36:50
which makes it look a bit better.
537
2210480
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ใ„ใ„่‰ฒใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
36:52
It just gives us a nice colour when it's cooked, it makes them look brown
538
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่ชฟ็†ใ™ใ‚‹ใจ็ด ๆ•ตใช่‰ฒ ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚่Œถ่‰ฒใฎ
36:56
egg works better, but you waste a whole egg
539
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ๅตใฎๆ–นใŒใ†ใพใๆฉŸ่ƒฝใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่กŒใ†ใŸใ‚ใ ใ‘ใซๅตๅ…จไฝ“ใ‚’็„ก้ง„ใซใ—ใพใ™ใ‚ˆ
36:59
just to just to do this, right?
540
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ใญ๏ผŸ
37:02
One baking tray into a hot oven.
541
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1 ใคใฎใƒ™ใƒผใ‚ญใƒณใ‚ฐ ใƒˆใƒฌใ‚คใ‚’็†ฑใ„ใ‚ชใƒผใƒ–ใƒณใซๅ…ฅใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
37:04
So so now we're going to put these into the oven. You go,
542
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ใ‚ชใƒผใƒ–ใƒณใซๅ…ฅใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
37:09
oh, can you see what I've already got in there, Mr..
543
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37:13
Mr. Steve has it. Mr.
544
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ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใ•ใ‚“ใŒๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใ•ใ‚“ใ€
37:15
Steve you have something else?
545
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2040
ไป–ใซไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹?
37:17
I have our team cooking in there already, which is chilly.
546
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็งใŸใกใฎใƒใƒผใƒ ใฏใ™ใงใซใใ“ใงๆ–™็†ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€ ่‚Œๅฏ’ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
37:21
Come. Can I say so? The oven's already on.
547
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ๆฅใฆใ€‚ ใใ†่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ‚ชใƒผใƒ–ใƒณใฏใ™ใงใซใ‚ชใƒณใซใชใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
37:24
So I'm not wasting electricity by just putting it on to cook the scones.
548
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ ใ€ใ‚นใ‚ณใƒผใƒณใ‚’่ชฟ็†ใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซ็ฝฎใใ ใ‘ใง้›ปๆฐ—ใ‚’็„ก้ง„ใซใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
37:29
I've got the chilli in the bottom.
549
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ๅบ•ใซๅ”่พ›ๅญใŒๅ…ฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
37:32
It's Kevin's in the top right now.
550
2252080
1600
ไปŠใƒˆใƒƒใƒ—ใซใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใฏใ‚ฑใƒ“ใƒณใงใ™ใ€‚
37:33
We got to time this Mr. Doom. Okay, we got it.
551
2253680
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ใ“ใฎใƒŸใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒผใƒปใƒ‰ใ‚ฅใƒผใƒ ใฎๆ™‚้–“ใ‚’่จˆใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
37:36
We'll stop that.
552
2256640
1120
็งใŸใกใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅœๆญขใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
37:37
Okay.
553
2257760
680
ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
37:38
It's done. Mr. Duncan, this goes in the oven.
554
2258440
2680
็ต‚ใ‚ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใ•ใ‚“ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ‚ชใƒผใƒ–ใƒณใซๅ…ฅใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
37:41
What we're going to do, we're going to have a little break,
555
2261760
3480
็งใŸใกใŒใ‚„ใ‚ใ†ใจใ— ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใ€ๅฐ‘ใ—ไผ‘ๆ†ฉใ—ใฆใ‹ใ‚‰
37:45
and then we're going to come back to see if there's Chilli Hong Kong.
556
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3760
ใ€ Chilli Hong Kong ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซๆˆปใฃใฆใใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
37:50
And also the scones have cooked as they should.
557
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ใพใŸใ€ใ‚นใ‚ณใƒผใƒณใฏๅฟ…่ฆใซๅฟœใ˜ใฆ่ชฟ็†ใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
37:54
And then we will eat them tomorrow live, if we will.
558
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚‚ใ—ใใ†ใชใ‚‰ใ€ๆ˜Žๆ—ฅใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–ใง้ฃŸในใพใ™ใ€‚
37:56
We will have one of the scones on the live stream.
559
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3080
็”Ÿ้…ไฟกใงใ‚นใ‚ณใƒผใƒณใ‚’1ใคใŠๅ‡บใ—ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
38:00
Okay.
560
2280000
520
38:00
Does that sound like a good idea?
561
2280520
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
ใใ‚Œใฏ่‰ฏใ„่€ƒใˆใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
38:02
Okay. See you in a few moments.
562
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2240
ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใใ‚ŒใงใฏใพใŸใ€‚
38:21
I could take
563
2301120
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็งใฏ้‡Ž่œใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ—
38:23
a veggie.
564
2303120
720
38:23
Mr. Duncan.
565
2303840
1600
ใŸใ€‚
ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใ•ใ‚“ใ€‚
38:26
Switch that off.
566
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1600
ใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ‚ชใƒ•ใซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
38:28
Okay. Mr. Duncan, they're coming out of the oven.
567
2308080
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใ•ใ‚“ใ€ใ‚ชใƒผใƒ–ใƒณใ‹ใ‚‰ๅ‡บใฆใใพใ™ใ€‚
38:30
Yeah,
568
2310720
1640
ใˆใˆใ€
38:34
oh, look at that.
569
2314480
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ใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
38:36
Oh, my goodness.
570
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2840
ใ‚ใ‚‰ใ€‚
38:39
And I should put them on this cooling rack.
571
2319120
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใฎๅ†ทๅดใƒฉใƒƒใ‚ฏใซใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’้…็ฝฎใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
38:42
And there we go.
572
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใ“ใซ่กŒใใพใ™ใ€‚
38:43
Oh, my God.
573
2323880
720
ไฝ•ใฆใ“ใจใ ใ€‚
38:44
While I look at those,
574
2324600
2080
็งใŒใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใ‚‹้–“ใ€
38:47
they are the most amazing stones that I've ever seen.
575
2327600
5040
ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏ็งใŒไปŠใพใง่ฆ‹ใŸไธญใงๆœ€ใ‚‚็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„็Ÿณใงใ™.
38:53
I have to put them in for 15 minutes because they haven't really browned off.
576
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ใพใ ็„ฆใ’็›ฎใŒใคใ„ใฆใ„ใชใ„ใฎใงใ€15ๅˆ†ใปใฉ็ฝฎใ„ใฆใŠใๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
38:59
Okay. Those are brand off more than mine.
577
2339040
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏ็งใฎใ‚‚ใฎใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚ใƒ–ใƒฉใƒณใƒ‰ใ‚ชใƒ•ใงใ™ใ€‚
39:02
These are the cheese ones here.
578
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏใ“ใ“ใฎใƒใƒผใ‚บใงใ™ใ€‚
39:05
And these are obviously the fruit ones here.
579
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏๆ˜Žใ‚‰ใ‹ใซใ“ใ“ใซใ‚ใ‚‹ๆžœ็‰ฉใงใ™ใ€‚
39:07
Yeah, I use a brand of more because I think it's because they've got cheese in them,
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ใˆใˆใ€ใƒใƒผใ‚บใŒๅ…ฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ ใจๆ€ใ†ใฎใงใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Šๅคšใใฎใƒ–ใƒฉใƒณใƒ‰ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จ ใ—ใพใ™
39:11
but they will be done.
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ใŒใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏๅฎŒไบ†ใ—ใพใ™.
39:13
Yeah, I think it's safe to say that we have success.
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ใˆใˆใ€็งใŸใกใฏๆˆๅŠŸใ—ใŸใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ‚‚้Ž่จ€ใงใฏใชใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
39:17
One thing worth mentioning, if something is browned
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่จ€ๅŠใ™ใ‚‹ไพกๅ€คใฎใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฎ1ใคใฏใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒ่Œถ่‰ฒใใชใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆ
39:21
off, it can also mean annoyed.
584
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ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚คใƒฉใ‚คใƒฉใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™.
39:24
Or if you are sick and tired of something, something can make you feel annoyed.
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ใพใŸใฏใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใซใ†ใ‚“ใ–ใ‚Šใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใ‚Šโ€‹โ€‹ใ€ใ†ใ‚“ใ–ใ‚Šใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒใ‚คใƒฉใ‚คใƒฉใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
39:30
You are you are
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39:32
you've had enough of it.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ‚‚ใ†ๅๅˆ†ใงใ™ใ€‚
39:33
You are feeling down, you are feeling
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ
39:38
depressed, you are feeling browned off
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่ฝใก่พผใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ่ฝใก่พผใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€ใจใซใ‹ใ่Œถ่‰ฒใๆ„Ÿใ˜ใฆใ„
39:42
anyway. That's it, Steve.
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ใพใ™. ใใ‚Œใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใ€‚
39:43
Let's go, shall we?
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่กŒใใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€‚
39:44
Yes. I often feel brand off with Mr. Duncan around.
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ใฏใ„ใ€‚ ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใ•ใ‚“ใŒๅ‘จใ‚Šใซใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ€็งใฏใ—ใฐใ—ใฐใƒ–ใƒฉใƒณใƒ‰ๆ„Ÿใ‚’ๆ„Ÿใ˜ใพใ™ใ€‚
39:47
That's nice. You got my clothes.
593
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ™ใฐใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ็งใฎๆœใ‚’ๆ‰‹ใซๅ…ฅใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
39:49
They're all warm and tense to Steve's guys.
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ็š†ใ€ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใฎ้ƒจไธ‹ใซๅฏพใ—ใฆๆš–ใ‹ใใ€็ทŠๅผตใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
39:52
Oven gloves.
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ใ‚ชใƒผใƒ–ใƒณ็”จๆ‰‹่ข‹ใ€‚
39:54
They are very warm right there.
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใจใฆใ‚‚ๆš–ใ‹ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
39:56
Off to cook the rest of tonight's meal.
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ไปŠๅคœใฎๆฎ‹ใ‚Šใฎ้ฃŸไบ‹ใฎๆบ–ๅ‚™ใซๅ–ใ‚ŠๆŽ›ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
39:59
And tomorrow, will they be the skins? Yes.
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ใใ—ใฆๆ˜Žๆ—ฅใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ‚นใ‚ญใƒณใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใฏใ„ใ€‚
40:01
On on the live stream.
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ใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–ใ‚นใƒˆใƒชใƒผใƒ ใงใ€‚
40:03
Tomorrow we are going to eat one of these stones each.
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ๆ˜Žๆ—ฅใฏใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ็Ÿณใ‚’ใใ‚Œใžใ‚Œ 1 ใคใšใค้ฃŸในใพใ™ใ€‚
40:07
I will have a cheese one, and Mr.
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็งใฏใƒใƒผใ‚บใ‚’1ใคใ€
40:09
Steve will have one of the fruit stones, and that's it.
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ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใ•ใ‚“ใฏใƒ•ใƒซใƒผใƒ„ใ‚นใƒˆใƒผใƒณใ‚’1ใคใ€ใใ‚Œใง็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚
40:13
I will return you back live to the studio.
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ใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–ใงใ‚นใ‚ฟใ‚ธใ‚ชใซๆˆปใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
40:20
Thank you very much, Mr.
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ใฉใ†ใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ€
40:21
Duncan.
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ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใ•ใ‚“ใ€‚
40:24
I know one thing.
606
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็งใฏไธ€ใคใฎใ“ใจใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
40:25
I really do want to eat a stone right now.
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็งใฏไปŠใ€ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ็Ÿณใ‚’้ฃŸในใŸใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
40:37
Yummy, yummy, yummy.
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ใŠใ„ใ—ใ„ใ€ใŠใ„ใ—ใ„ใ€ใŠใ„ใ—ใ„ใ€‚
40:42
Oh, I really want to eat a Moscone.
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ใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใƒขใ‚นใ‚ณใƒผใƒณใŒ้ฃŸในใŸใ„ใ€‚
40:46
I really do.
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ๆœฌๅฝ“ใงใ™ใ€‚
40:47
One of Mr.
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40:47
Steve's delicious cakes
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ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ๆฐ
ใฎใŠใ„ใ—ใ„ใ‚ฑใƒผใ‚ญใฎ 1 ใค
40:51
very nice. So very.
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ใจใฆใ‚‚็ด ๆ•ตใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ™ใ”ใใ€‚
40:52
It was something different because I'm missing Mr. Steve.
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็งใฏใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใ•ใ‚“ใŒใ„ใชใใฆๅฏ‚ใ—ใ„ใฎใงใ€ไฝ•ใ‹้•ใ†ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ—ใŸ ใ€‚
40:56
He's a long, long way from here.
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ๅฝผใฏใ“ใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰้•ทใ„้“ใฎใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚
41:00
He's away on conference, and I couldn't resist having a little bit of Mr.
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ๅฝผใฏไผš่ญฐใง็•™ๅฎˆใซใ—ใฆใ„ใฆ ใ€็งใฏ
41:05
Steve in the kitchen making one of his delicious meals.
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ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ๆฐใŒใ‚ญใƒƒใƒใƒณใงๅฝผใฎใŠใ„ใ—ใ„้ฃŸไบ‹ใ‚’ๅฐ‘ใ—ไฝœใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’ๆˆ‘ๆ…ขใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
41:09
And in that particular video, he was making some scones,
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ใใฎ็‰นๅฎšใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใงใฏใ€ ๅฝผใฏใ‚นใ‚ณใƒผใƒณใ‚’ไฝœใฃ
41:15
a traditional English cake that you will have normally
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ใฆใ„
41:20
in a local village tea room in the afternoon.
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ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ๅˆๅพŒใซๅœฐๅ…ƒใฎๆ‘ใฎใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒซใƒผใƒ ใง้€šๅธธ้ฃŸในใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ไผ็ตฑ็š„ใช่‹ฑๅ›ฝใฎใ‚ฑใƒผใ‚ญใงใ™ใ€‚
41:25
Quite often people will have a cup of tea, and as shown
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ๅคšใใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ไบบใ€…ใฏใŠ่Œถใ‚’้ฃฒใฟใพใ™ใ€‚็คบใ•ใ‚Œ
41:30
with a little bit of butter or cream and maybe some jam as well.
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ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใƒใ‚ฟใƒผใพใŸใฏใ‚ฏใƒชใƒผใƒ ใ‚’ๅฐ‘ใ—ๅŠ ใˆ ใ€ใ‚ธใƒฃใƒ ใ‚‚ๅŠ ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
41:34
And as you saw in that video, you can also have scones
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใง่ฆ‹
41:40
with cheese as well,
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41:43
which happened to be my favourite, to be honest.
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ใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ๆญฃ็›ดใชใจใ“ใ‚ใ€ใŸใพใŸใพ็งใฎใŠๆฐ—ใซๅ…ฅใ‚Šใ ใฃใŸใƒใƒผใ‚บๅ…ฅใ‚Šใฎใ‚นใ‚ณใƒผใƒณใ‚‚้ฃŸในใ‚‰ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
41:46
It is English addict and yes, it is
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่‹ฑ่ชžไธญๆฏ’่€…ใงใ™ใ€‚ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€
41:50
Wednesday, the 2nd of March.
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3 ๆœˆ 2 ๆ—ฅใฎๆฐดๆ›œๆ—ฅใงใ™ใ€‚
41:53
I hope you're having a good day.
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่‰ฏใ„ไธ€ๆ—ฅใ‚’ใŠ้Žใ”ใ—ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
41:55
I hope your week is going all right.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฎไธ€้€ฑ้–“ใŒใ†ใพใใ„ใใ“ใจใ‚’้ก˜ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
41:59
I know things are not perfect in the world at the moment,
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็พๆ™‚็‚นใงไธ–็•ŒใŒๅฎŒ็’งใงใฏใชใ„ใ“ใจใฏๆ‰ฟ็Ÿฅ
42:03
but I will try to bring a smile to your face.
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ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ้ก”ใซ็ฌ‘้ก”ใ‚’ใ‚‚ใŸใ‚‰ใ™ใ‚ˆใ†ใซๅŠชใ‚ใพใ™.
42:06
I will try my best
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ใกใ‚‡ใฃใจ้ ‘ๅผตใฃใฆใฟ
42:10
in a moment.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚
42:11
We are looking at something
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็งใŸใกใฏใ€็‰นใซๆ—ฅๅธธไผš่ฉฑใ‚„ๆ—ฅๅธธไผš่ฉฑ
42:14
that does occur quite often in English,
635
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ใซใŠใ„ใฆใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใง้žๅธธใซ้ ป็นใซใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใ็งใŸใกใŒๆ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚้ ป็นใซ็™บ็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใพใ™
42:17
maybe more often than we realise,
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42:20
especially in everyday talking and everyday speech.
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.
42:24
Normal, everyday, casual, informal speech
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้€šๅธธใฎใ€ๆ—ฅๅธธใฎใ€ใ‚ซใ‚ธใƒฅใ‚ขใƒซใชใ€้žๅ…ฌๅผใฎใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใƒใง
42:30
and that is something called reductions.
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ใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ้‚„ๅ…ƒใจๅ‘ผใฐใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
42:35
Reductions.
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ๅ‰Šๆธ›ใ€‚
42:36
I'm going to take you through this
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ใ“ใ‚Œ
42:39
and you can see above
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ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—
42:42
my microphone, you can actually see some examples.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ใƒžใ‚คใ‚ฏใฎไธŠใซใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎไพ‹ใŒ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
42:45
So hopefully this will help to explain
644
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒๅ‰Šๆธ›ใจใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคใ“ใจใ‚’้ก˜ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™
42:48
what a reduction is.
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ใ€‚
42:51
And you can see there are some words here,
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ใ“ใ“ใซๅ˜่ชžใŒใ„ใใคใ‹ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€
42:54
but they don't look like English words,
647
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่‹ฑ่ชžใฎๅ˜่ชžใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใฏ่ฆ‹ใˆใพใ›ใ‚“
42:56
and that's because they are reduced words.
648
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ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ็Ÿญ็ธฎใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅ˜่ชžใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
43:01
They are words that have been changed
649
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏใ€ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒžใƒซใชใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใƒใงใŠใใ‚‰ใๆฏŽๆ—ฅๅค‰ๆ›ดใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹่จ€่‘‰ใงใ‚ใ‚Š
43:04
maybe for every day in formal speech
650
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ใ€ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒžใƒซใช็Šถๆณใงใฏใ€
43:10
and you will see this sort of speech or hear this sort of speech
651
2590440
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ใ“ใฎ็จฎใฎใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใƒใ‚’่ฆ‹ใŸใ‚Šใ€ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใซใ“ใฎ็จฎใฎใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใƒใ‚’่žใ„ใŸใ‚Šใ—ใพใ™
43:17
in general in formal situations.
652
2597080
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ใ€‚
43:21
So when we say informal,
653
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€็งใŸใกใŒ้žๅ…ฌๅผใจ่จ€ใ†ใจใ
43:24
we mean in a relaxed social setting
654
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ใฏใ€ใƒชใƒฉใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใ—ใŸ็คพไบคใฎๅ ดใ€
43:27
or maybe during an everyday occurrence.
655
2607680
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ใพใŸใฏๆ—ฅๅธธใฎๅ‡บๆฅไบ‹ใฎไธญใงใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™.
43:32
When things happen in your everyday life, when you meet your friends, when you meet a person
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ๆ—ฅๅธธ็”Ÿๆดปใงไฝ•ใ‹ใŒ่ตทใ“ใฃใŸใจใ ใ€ๅ‹้”ใซไผšใฃใŸใจใใ€้“ใง็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไบบใซไผšใฃใŸใจใ
43:38
you know in the street, you might just use
657
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43:41
reductions in your English.
658
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ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžใง้‚„ๅ…ƒใ‚’ไฝฟใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“.
43:45
So, for example, we have here we have could you
659
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใ“ใ“
43:50
would you,
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43:52
should you
661
2632440
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43:54
and you will see that they are spelt
662
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43:57
very differently from what they are actually saying.
663
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ใงใฏใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใจใฏ้žๅธธใซ็•ฐใชใ‚‹็ถดใ‚Šใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™.
44:01
And that is what we are going to look at today.
664
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒไปŠๆ—ฅ็งใŸใกใŒ่ฆ‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
44:06
We will spend a little bit of time doing this right now.
665
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ใ“ใ“ใงๅฐ‘ใ—ๆ™‚้–“ใ‚’ใ‹ใ‘ ใฆใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่กŒใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
44:09
Reductions in English
666
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่‹ฑ่ชžใฎๅ‰Šๆธ›
44:13
is what we are looking at.
667
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ใฏใ€็งใŸใกใŒ่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
44:17
So I'm going to give you some examples of words that are used in English.
668
2657680
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ใใ“ใงใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใงไฝฟใ‚ใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅ˜่ชžใฎไพ‹ใ‚’ใ„ใใคใ‹็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚
44:23
I suppose you would call them formal words.
669
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ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒžใƒซใช่จ€่‘‰ใจๅ‘ผใ‚“ใงใ„ใ„ใฎใงใฏใชใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€‚
44:27
And then afterwards we are going to look at the reduction of that particular word.
670
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ใใฎๅพŒ ใ€ใใฎ็‰นๅฎšใฎๅ˜่ชžใฎ็ธฎๅฐใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใใพใ™ใ€‚
44:33
So I'm going to go through them and you might not believe this,
671
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ไฟกใ˜ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ใ“ใฎใƒ†ใƒผใƒžใซใคใ„ใฆ
44:37
but I have received many requests
672
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ๅฎŸ้š›ใซ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใปใ—ใ„ใจใ„ใ†ใƒชใ‚ฏใ‚จใ‚นใƒˆใ‚’ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ๅ—ใ‘ๅ–ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸ
44:40
to actually talk about this subject.
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ใ€‚
44:43
So I'm doing it today for all those
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏ
44:47
who wanted to hear about reductions in English,
675
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ใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใฎ็ธฎ็ด„
44:51
changing the sound of words or some time,
676
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ใ€ๅ˜่ชžใฎ้Ÿณใฎๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ€ใพใŸใฏใ—ใฐใ‚‰ใใฎ้–“ใ€
44:58
if you might merge the sounds of words together,
677
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ๅ˜่ชžใฎ้Ÿณใ‚’่žๅˆใ•ใ›ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚Œใฐใ€
45:05
it's almost as if
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2705000
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45:06
you are creating a new word, very interested in naturally,
679
2706000
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ใพใ‚‹ใงๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ไฝœๆˆใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ™ในใฆใฎไบบใฎใŸใ‚ใซใ‚„ใฃใฆใ„ ใพใ™ใ€‚ ่‡ช็„ถใซ่ˆˆๅ‘ณใ‚’ๆŒใกใ€
45:10
and it is quite common in everyday speech.
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ๆ—ฅๅธธใฎไผš่ฉฑใงใฏใ‹ใชใ‚Šไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใงใ™ใ€‚
45:15
If you're not sure what I'm on about, if you don't know what I'm talking about,
681
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็ง ใŒไฝ•ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใ€็งใŒไฝ•ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏ
45:19
well, hopefully over the next few minutes it will become much clearer.
682
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ใ€ใ†ใพใใ„ใ‘ใฐใ€ๆฌกใฎๆ•ฐๅˆ† ใงใ‚ˆใ‚Šๆ˜Ž็ขบใซใชใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†.
45:24
Here we go then.
683
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1800
ใใ‚Œใงใฏ่กŒใใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
45:26
So this is gotta
684
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ
45:29
gotta
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45:31
quite often this is used
686
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45:35
when you need to do something something you must do.
687
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ใ‚„ใ‚‹ในใใ“ใจใ‚’ใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใจใใซใ‚ˆใไฝฟใ‚ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
45:41
And in its correct sense,
688
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใฎๆญฃใ—ใ„ๆ„ๅ‘ณ
45:44
in its formal sense,
689
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ใงใ€ๆญฃๅผใชๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ€
45:48
Gotta,
690
2748600
1360
Gotta,
45:50
gotta,
691
2750280
960
gotta,
45:51
gotta.
692
2751800
1400
gotta.
45:53
I gotta see you tomorrow.
693
2753840
2760
ๆ˜Žๆ—ฅใŠไผšใ„ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
45:56
I gotta go to school this afternoon.
694
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3360
็งใฏไปŠๆ—ฅใฎๅˆๅพŒๅญฆๆ กใซ่กŒใ‹ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
46:00
Gotta, gotta.
695
2760560
2800
ใ—ใชใใ‚ƒใ€ใ—ใชใใ‚ƒใ€‚
46:03
So you see here, right here
696
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ใ”่ฆงใฎใจใŠใ‚Šใ€
46:07
at the bottom of the screen, you will see
697
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2160
็”ป้ขใฎไธ€็•ชไธ‹ใซใ€
46:09
the reduction of
698
2769280
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46:12
got too formal,
699
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2160
ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒžใƒซใซใชใ‚Šใ™ใŽใŸใ€
46:15
informal you will see right here on the screen.
700
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ใ‚คใƒณใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒžใƒซใซใชใ‚Šใ™ใŽใŸใ€็”ป้ขใฎใ“ใ“ใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹็ธฎๅฐใŒ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
46:21
So that is the formal sense
701
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ใใ‚ŒใŒๆญฃๅผใชๆ„ๅ‘ณใง
46:24
and that is the informal reduction
702
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2880
ใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒ้žๅ…ฌๅผใฎ้‚„ๅ…ƒใง
46:27
and you will often hear this used
703
2787680
2440
ใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใช็คพไผš็š„็Šถๆณใงใ“ใ‚ŒใŒไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’ใ‚ˆใ่€ณใซใ—ใพใ™
46:31
in general social situations.
704
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ใ€‚
46:36
Z Sica says, I have gotta see you later.
705
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Z Sica ใฏใ€ๅพŒใงไผšใ‚ใชใ„ใจใ„ใ‘ใชใ„ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
46:42
I've got to see you.
706
2802640
1600
็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใซไผšใ‚ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
46:44
I've got to, I've gotta move.
707
2804240
3800
่กŒใ‹ใชใใ‚ƒใ€ๅ‹•ใ‹ใชใใ‚ƒใ€‚
46:49
And you will notice also the spelling
708
2809000
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ใพใŸใ€
46:51
quite often will be different as well.
709
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็ถดใ‚Šใ‚‚ใ—ใฐใ—ใฐ็•ฐใชใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๆฐ—ไป˜ใใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ
46:54
Here's another one
710
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1720
ใ‚‚ใ† 1 ใค
46:56
I have a feeling a lot of people are going to mention Rick Astley
711
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3760
ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅคšใใฎไบบใŒ
47:02
when I show the next one, which is coming up right now.
712
2822480
3760
ใ€ไปŠๅ…ฌ้–‹ไธญใฎๆฌกใฎไฝœๅ“ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ›ใ‚‹ใจใใซใ€Rick Astley ใซใคใ„ใฆ่จ€ๅŠใ™ใ‚‹ใ ใ‚ใ†ใจๆ„Ÿใ˜ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
47:06
There it is on the screen
713
2826680
3400
ใใ“ใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใฏใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒชใƒผใƒณ
47:11
Garner.
714
2831080
1000
ใ‚ฌใƒผใƒŠใƒผใงใ™ใ€‚
47:12
Garner.
715
2832440
960
ใ‚ฌใƒผใƒŠใƒผใ€‚
47:13
And of course, there was a famous song
716
2833760
3360
ใใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€1980ๅนดไปฃๅพŒๅŠใซใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใƒปใ‚ขใ‚นใƒˆใƒชใƒผใจใ„ใ†็”ทใฎๆœ‰ๅใชๆญŒใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸ.
47:18
by a man called Rick Astley
717
2838440
3120
47:21
around the 1980s, the late 1980s and never going to give you up
718
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4880
ๆฑบใ—ใฆใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ใ‚ใใ‚‰ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏ
47:27
and never going to give you up never going to let you down,
719
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4160
ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“.
47:32
never going to run around and hurt you
720
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4320
47:38
gonna
721
2858600
1000
47:40
And in its formal sense we will say
722
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ๆญฃๅผใชๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใฏใ€
47:46
going to going to
723
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2120
going to going to ใจ่จ€ใ†
47:49
so the reduction is gonna
724
2869960
2680
ใฎใงใ€ๅ‰Šๆธ›ใฏ
47:53
never gonna give you up,
725
2873720
2440
ๆฑบใ—ใฆใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ใ‚ใใ‚‰ใ‚ใŸใ‚Šใ€ๅ‚ทใคใ‘ใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใ‚Š
47:56
never gonna hurt you.
726
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2440
ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
48:01
Formerly we would say going to going to
727
2881040
3480
ไปฅๅ‰ใฏใ€
48:05
never going to give you up, never going to give you up,
728
2885160
4120
่กŒใใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ๆฑบใ—ใฆใ‚ใใ‚‰ใ‚ใชใ„ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ๆฑบใ—ใฆใ‚ใใ‚‰ใ‚ใชใ„ใ€
48:09
never going to hurt you never going to hurt you.
729
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3680
ใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ๅ‚ทใคใ‘ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใชใ„ใ€ๆฑบใ—ใฆใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ๅ‚ทใคใ‘ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใชใ„ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸ.
48:14
You can see now the reduction
730
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48:16
you can see how the reduction
731
2896760
2360
ใƒชใƒ€ใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใŒใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆŒฟๅ…ฅใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๆฌกใฎใƒชใƒ€ใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณ
48:20
is inserted
732
2900640
3600
48:24
I will show the next one
733
2904800
1360
ใ‚’็คบใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€
48:26
and maybe you would like to guess what the next one actually is.
734
2906160
3600
ๆฌกใฎใƒชใƒ€ใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใŒๅฎŸ้š›ใซไฝ•ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’ๆŽจๆธฌใ—ใŸใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
48:30
So here is the next 11 at one.
735
2910160
5600
ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒๆฌกใฎ 11 at 1 ใงใ™ใ€‚
48:36
So there is the next word on the screen one.
736
2916480
4040
ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€็”ป้ข 1 ใซๆฌกใฎๅ˜่ชžใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
48:41
But what is the formal sense of this word?
737
2921920
3080
ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ“ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใฎๆญฃๅผใชๆ„ๅ‘ณใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹?
48:45
What how do we say this in formal English?
738
2925040
3880
ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ๆญฃๅผใช่‹ฑ่ชžใงไฝ•ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
48:49
Formal English is English
739
2929400
3560
ๆญฃๅผใช่‹ฑ่ชžใฏ
48:52
that you must use in certain situations.
740
2932960
3040
ใ€็‰นๅฎšใฎ็Šถๆณใงไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใงใ™ใ€‚
48:56
However, this is the reduction of that word.
741
2936280
4400
ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใฎ็ธฎๅฐใงใ™ใ€‚ DuongใŒ่จ€ใ†
49:01
Does anyone know
742
2941840
2800
ใ“ใจใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไบบใฏใ„ใพใ™ใ‹
49:05
Duong says, I don't know how to use.
743
2945000
2880
ใ€็งใฏไฝฟใ„ๆ–นใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
49:07
Gotta wanna garner in English.
744
2947920
3320
ใŠๅฅจใ‚ใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžใง็ฒๅพ—ใ—ใŸใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
49:12
They are strictly not observed,
745
2952560
4840
49:18
even in formal English, even in the dictionary.
746
2958240
5280
ๆญฃๅผใช่‹ฑ่ชžใงใ‚ใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ€่พžๆ›ธใงใ‚ใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏๅŽณๅฏ†ใซใฏๅฎˆใ‚‰ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
49:23
Quite often people will ignore
747
2963520
3120
ๅคšใใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ไบบใ€…ใฏ
49:27
the use of reductions in English.
748
2967200
2400
่‹ฑ่ชžใงใฎ้‚„ๅ…ƒใฎไฝฟ็”จใ‚’็„ก่ฆ–ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
49:29
I will be honest with you.
749
2969680
1560
็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใซๆญฃ็›ดใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
49:31
Find a lot of people especially people
750
2971240
2600
ๅคšใใฎไบบใ€็‰นใซ
49:33
who are a little bit snobbish,
751
2973840
3440
ๅฐ‘ใ—ๆฐ—ๅ–ใฃใŸ
49:37
people who think English should always be perfect.
752
2977280
3720
ไบบใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใฏๅธธใซๅฎŒ็’งใงใ‚ใ‚‹ในใใ ใจ่€ƒใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไบบใ‚’่ฆ‹ใคใ‘ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
49:41
They don't like to hear reductions of words.
753
2981760
5000
ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ่จ€่‘‰ใฎ็ธฎๅฐใ‚’่žใใฎใŒๅฅฝใใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
49:48
So want to is
754
2988440
2200
ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ—ใŸใ„ใฎใฏ
49:51
want to want to.
755
2991960
2840
ใ—ใŸใ„ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
49:54
I want to see you tonight.
756
2994800
2320
ไปŠๅคœใ‚ใชใŸใซไผšใ„ใŸใ„ใ€‚
49:57
I want to see you later.
757
2997120
2480
ๅพŒใงไผšใ„ใŸใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
49:59
I want to see you tonight.
758
2999600
2760
ไปŠๅคœใ‚ใชใŸใซไผšใ„ใŸใ„ใ€‚
50:02
I want to see you later.
759
3002840
2200
ๅพŒใงไผšใ„ใŸใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
50:05
So the reduction is one hour
760
3005640
2760
ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€็Ÿญ็ธฎใฏ
50:10
in its formal sense.
761
3010040
2000
ๆญฃๅผใชๆ„ๅ‘ณใง 1 ๆ™‚้–“ใงใ™ใ€‚
50:12
Want to
762
3012040
1600
50:20
I see.
763
3020560
960
่ฆ‹ใŸใ„ใ€‚
50:21
Thank you, Mohsin.
764
3021520
1200
ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ€ใƒขใƒผใ‚ทใƒณใ€‚
50:22
Mr. Duncan got us thinking.
765
3022720
2560
ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณๆฐใฏ็งใŸใกใซ่€ƒใˆใ•ใ›ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
50:26
I know you
766
3026480
1240
็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸ
50:27
don't normally say got us thinking you might say.
767
3027720
3560
ใŒ่จ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„็งใŸใกใ‚’่€ƒใˆใ•ใ›ใŸใจ้€šๅธธใฏ่จ€ใ‚ใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™.
50:31
Got to think.
768
3031560
1720
่€ƒใˆใชใใ‚ƒใ€‚
50:33
I got to think about it.
769
3033280
1720
็งใฏใใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆ่€ƒใˆใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
50:35
I got to think about it.
770
3035000
2080
็งใฏใใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆ่€ƒใˆใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
50:37
I I've got to think about it.
771
3037080
3360
็งใฏใใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆ่€ƒใˆใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
50:41
I gotta think about it.
772
3041400
2040
็งใฏใใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆ่€ƒใˆใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
50:44
So not thinking.
773
3044160
2080
ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰่€ƒใˆใชใ„ใ€‚
50:46
Think
774
3046240
760
50:48
here's another one.
775
3048960
1640
ใ“ใ“ใซใ‚‚ใ† 1 ใคใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ่€ƒใˆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
50:50
If you think you know the answer, just write it down
776
3050920
2560
็ญ”ใˆใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ‚ใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆ
50:53
in the live chat.
777
3053480
2240
ใฏใ€ใƒฉใ‚คใƒ– ใƒใƒฃใƒƒใƒˆใซๆ›ธใ็•™ใ‚ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใกใชใฟใซใ€ใ‚ญใƒฃใƒ—ใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใง
50:56
Should have
778
3056920
1240
50:58
should have
779
3058720
1480
51:01
I don't know
780
3061880
600
51:02
what these are coming up as on the captions, by the way.
781
3062480
3760
ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใŒไฝ•ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฏใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚
51:06
They're probably not.
782
3066240
680
51:06
Not coming up correctly.
783
3066920
2920
ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใŠใใ‚‰ใใใ†ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
ๆญฃใ—ใ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
51:10
Hello, Inaki.
784
3070200
1400
ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใ‚คใƒŠใ‚ญใงใ™ใ€‚
51:11
I wanna love you and treat you right.
785
3071600
3480
็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ๆ„›ใ—ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ๆญฃใ—ใๆ‰ฑใ„ใŸใ„.
51:15
I believe that's a song, isn't it?
786
3075240
2360
ใใ‚ŒใฏๆญŒใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ
51:18
I think so.
787
3078200
1200
ใใ†ๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
51:20
Should
788
3080120
960
Should
51:21
So what is should, uh, should a
789
3081680
3760
So what is should, uh, should a
51:27
this is a reduction
790
3087040
1560
this ใฏ
51:28
that is often used in everyday English.
791
3088600
3480
ๆ—ฅๅธธ่‹ฑ่ชžใงใ‚ˆใไฝฟใ‚ใ‚Œใ‚‹้‚„ๅ…ƒใงใ™ใ€‚
51:32
Although it is not recognised in formal
792
3092480
4560
ๆญฃๅผใช่‹ฑ่ชžใงใฏ่ช่ญ˜ใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€่ช่ญ˜ใ•ใ‚Œ
51:37
English, it is not recognised
793
3097120
2960
ใฆใ„
51:41
Here's another one.
794
3101240
1360
ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
51:44
Should.
795
3104280
480
51:44
There is, should have.
796
3104760
2520
ใ—ใŸใปใ†ใŒใ„ใ„ใ€‚
ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹ในใใ€‚
51:48
You should have called me last night.
797
3108600
2360
ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๆ˜จๅคœ็งใซ้›ป่ฉฑใ™ใ‚‹ในใใ ใฃใŸใ€‚
51:51
You should have called me last night.
798
3111760
2320
ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๆ˜จๅคœ็งใซ้›ป่ฉฑใ™ใ‚‹ในใใ ใฃใŸใ€‚
51:54
You should have called me last night.
799
3114320
3600
ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๆ˜จๅคœ็งใซ้›ป่ฉฑใ™ใ‚‹ในใใ ใฃใŸใ€‚
51:58
So should I.
800
3118600
1560
็งใ‚‚ใใ†ใ™ในใ
52:00
Is the reduction of should have should have
801
3120200
4960
ใงใ™ใ€‚Is should have should haveใฎ้‚„ๅ…ƒ
52:08
is another one
802
3128960
1400
ใฏๅˆฅใฎใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™
52:13
Woulda woulda
803
3133080
3840
ใ€‚Woulda woulda
52:17
Again, we are using the reduction here.
804
3137360
3560
ใ“ใ“ใงใ‚‚้‚„ๅ…ƒใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
52:20
So this is the reduction of what I would call
805
3140920
5080
ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ็งใŒๆญฃๅผใช่‹ฑ่ชžใจๅ‘ผใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใฎๅ‰Šๆธ›ใงใ™
52:26
formal English
806
3146120
2640
52:30
Does anyone know in Inaki says Bob Marley.
807
3150000
4600
. ใ„ใชใใง็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไบบใฏใ„ใพใ™ใ‹? ใƒœใƒ–ใƒปใƒžใƒผใƒชใƒผใฏ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™.
52:34
Do you remember him?
808
3154920
1480
ๅฝผใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
52:36
Yes, I know Bob Marley.
809
3156400
2400
ใฏใ„ใ€ใƒœใƒ–ใƒปใƒžใƒผใƒชใƒผใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
52:38
One of his most famous songs.
810
3158800
1720
ๅฝผใฎๆœ€ใ‚‚ๆœ‰ๅใชๆ›ฒใฎใฒใจใคใ€‚
52:40
No Woman, No Crime,
811
3160520
2960
No Woman, No Crime,
52:43
No Woman, No Cry
812
3163480
2720
No Woman, No Cry
52:49
Please,
813
3169960
1080
ใƒ—ใƒชใƒผใ‚บใ€
52:53
hello to VIP.
814
3173520
1720
VIPใธใ‚ˆใ†ใ“ใใ€‚
52:55
Hello. Very nice to see you here.
815
3175240
2400
ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใงใŠไผšใ„ใงใใฆใจใฆใ‚‚ใ†ใ‚Œใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
52:58
So what is would I as a reduction
816
3178400
3440
ใงใฏ้‚„ๅ…ƒใจใ—ใฆไฝ•ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚Œใฐใ„ใ„ใฎใ‹
53:02
It is.
817
3182880
1640
ใงใ™ใ€‚
53:04
Thank you.
818
3184960
360
ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
53:05
Galu galu has got it right.
819
3185320
2920
ใ‚ฌใƒซใ‚ฌใƒซใฏๆญฃ่งฃใงใ™ใ€‚
53:09
Would have
820
3189640
1920
ๆŒใฃใฆ
53:11
woulda would have.
821
3191840
2360
ใ„ใŸใ ใ‚ใ†ใ€‚
53:15
So when we are using the reduction,
822
3195240
2520
ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ใƒชใƒ€ใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใฏใ€
53:19
you can see it.
823
3199520
600
ใใ‚Œใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
53:20
There woulda it is actually would
824
3200120
3600
ใใ‚ŒใฏๅฎŸ้š›ใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใ ใ‚
53:24
have, would have,
825
3204120
3560
ใ†ใ€ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ ใ‚ใ†ใ€ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹
53:27
would have.
826
3207680
1480
ใ ใ‚ใ†ใ€‚
53:30
I would have seen you.
827
3210360
2600
็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใซไผšใฃใŸใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
53:32
But I arrived too late.
828
3212960
2760
ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๅˆฐ็€ใŒ้…ใ™ใŽใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
53:36
I would have seen you.
829
3216400
2440
็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใซไผšใฃใŸใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
53:38
But I arrived too late
830
3218840
2160
ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€็งใฏๅˆฐ็€ใŒ้…ใ™ใŽใพใ—ใŸ
53:43
Here's another one.
831
3223880
1480
ใ“ใ“ใซๅˆฅใฎใ‚‚ใฎใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
53:46
And I think this next one is easy.
832
3226560
2280
ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใฎๆฌกใฏ็ฐกๅ˜ใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
53:49
I think so.
833
3229240
1480
ใใ†ๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
53:55
Lewis, you are right. Yes.
834
3235400
2760
ใƒซใ‚คใ‚นใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๆญฃใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใฏใ„ใ€‚
53:58
Almost all the models with half and also
835
3238160
3560
ใปใจใ‚“ใฉใ™ในใฆใฎใƒขใƒ‡ใƒซใŒๅŠๅˆ†ใงใ€ๅŠๅˆ†ใง
54:03
ending with half.
836
3243200
1240
็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
54:04
Yes, you are right. You are right.
837
3244440
2360
ใฏใ„ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๆญฃใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆญฃใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
54:07
That would be fair to say that they do end with
838
3247680
3000
ใใ‚Œใฏใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏ have ใง็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ‚‚้Ž่จ€ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Š
54:10
have in fact, a lot of them do.
839
3250760
3040
ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ๅฎŸ้š›ใ€ๅคšใใฎไบบใŒใใ†ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
54:14
They also end with it as well?
840
3254680
3400
ๅฝผใ‚‰ใ‚‚ใใ‚Œใง็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
54:18
In many situations.
841
3258360
2040
ๅคšใใฎ็Šถๆณใงใ€‚
54:20
So the next one is Kuda. Kuda
842
3260400
2840
ใจใ„ใ†ใ‚ใ‘ใงๆฌกใฏไน…็”ฐใงใ™ใ€‚ ไน…็”ฐ
54:26
and the idea is,
843
3266280
1880
ใจใใฎใ‚ขใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ขใฏใ€
54:28
do you know what it is?
844
3268160
2480
ใใ‚ŒใŒไฝ•ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
54:31
Kuda,
845
3271880
1080
ใ‚ฏใƒ€ใ€
54:35
Christina? Yes.
846
3275360
2520
ใ‚ฏใƒชใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒŠ๏ผŸ ใฏใ„ใ€‚
54:37
Kuda is
847
3277880
1200
Kuda is
54:40
could have could have good
848
3280280
2480
could have could have good
54:44
I could have been a famous pop star.
849
3284400
3600
็งใฏๆœ‰ๅใชใƒใƒƒใƒ—ใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒผใซใชใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
54:48
I could have be the best English teacher in the world.
850
3288800
4360
็งใฏไธ–็•Œไธ€ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๆ•™ๅธซใซใชใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
54:53
I could have been a famous pop star.
851
3293840
3360
็งใฏๆœ‰ๅใชใƒใƒƒใƒ—ใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒผใซใชใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
54:57
I could have been a famous pop star.
852
3297760
4040
็งใฏๆœ‰ๅใชใƒใƒƒใƒ—ใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒผใซใชใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใซๅˆฅใฎใ‚‚ใฎ
55:03
Could have could have
853
3303760
3760
ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
55:09
here's another one.
854
3309040
1440
ใ€‚
55:11
This is not necessarily
855
3311240
3200
ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅฟ…ใšใ—ใ‚‚ๅ‰Šๆธ›ใจใฏ่จ€ใˆใพใ›ใ‚“
55:15
a reduction, but I still think that this is interesting
856
3315320
4160
ใŒใ€ใใฎไธญใงใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้ข็™ฝใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™
55:21
in it.
857
3321680
1080
ใ€‚
55:23
You will often hear this used at the end of sentences
858
3323680
3040
ใ“ใ‚Œ
55:26
when a person is reiterating
859
3326720
3960
ใฏใ€ไบบใŒ
55:30
or enforcing what they've just said, they are making a statement,
860
3330680
4800
ไปŠ่จ€ใฃใŸใ“ใจใ‚’็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใŸใ‚Šๅผทๅˆถใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใซๆ–‡ๆœซใงไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๅฃฐๆ˜Žใ‚’ๅ‡บใ—
55:35
and then at the end of the statement, they will reinforce
861
3335480
4760
ใ€ๅฃฐๆ˜Žใฎๆœ€ๅพŒใง
55:40
what they've said in it.
862
3340440
3000
ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒ่จ€ใฃใŸใ“ใจใ‚’ๅผทๅŒ–ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ .
55:43
In it
863
3343440
920
ใใฎ
55:47
in it
864
3347600
1120
ไธญใงใ€
55:52
we are looking at reductions today.
865
3352920
2160
ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎๅ‰Šๆธ›ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
55:57
Can you say could or not?
866
3357840
3000
ใงใใŸใ‹ใ€ใงใใชใ‹ใฃใŸใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
56:00
You can't say.
867
3360840
1880
ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
56:02
Could I not?
868
3362720
960
ใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‹๏ผŸ
56:05
Thank you, Cristina, for that question.
869
3365040
3200
ใใฎ่ณชๅ•ใ‚’ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ€ใ‚ฏใƒชใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒŠใ€‚
56:09
This is
870
3369840
2240
ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒๅ…ฅใฃ
56:13
isn't it
871
3373440
1400
ใฆใ‚‹ใ˜ใ‚ƒใชใ„
56:15
in it?
872
3375240
1040
ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€‚
56:16
Isn't it
873
3376880
1320
ใใฎ
56:18
in it?
874
3378800
960
ไธญใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‹๏ผŸ
56:20
Isn't it
875
3380960
1360
ใใ†ใ˜ใ‚ƒใชใ„
56:23
And it's time for us to eat
876
3383160
2840
ใใ—ใฆใ€็งใŸใกใŒใใ‚Œใ‚’้ฃŸในใ‚‹ๆ™‚ใŒๆฅ
56:26
in it.
877
3386000
880
56:26
Time for you to go home.
878
3386880
2480
ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๅฎถใซๅธฐใ‚‹ๆ™‚้–“ใงใ™ใ€‚
56:30
And it's time for Mr.
879
3390200
2160
ใใ—ใฆใ€
56:32
Steve's
880
3392360
1440
ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใ•ใ‚“ใฎ
56:34
scones to come out of the oven,
881
3394400
2000
ใ‚นใ‚ณใƒผใƒณใŒใ‚ชใƒผใƒ–ใƒณใ‹ใ‚‰ๅ‡บใฆใใ‚‹ๆ™‚ใŒๆฅ
56:37
isn't it?
882
3397800
1160
ใพใ—ใŸใญใ€‚
56:39
Isn't it?
883
3399120
1280
ใงใฏใชใ„๏ผŸ
56:42
Victoria says
884
3402200
1920
ใƒ“ใ‚ฏใƒˆใƒชใ‚ขใฏใ€
56:44
war is wrong in it.
885
3404120
3560
ๆˆฆไบ‰ใฏ้–“้•ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
56:47
You are right.
886
3407960
1520
ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆญฃใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
56:49
Quite often it is
887
3409480
2800
ๅคšใใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ
56:53
Here's another one.
888
3413000
1560
ๅˆฅใฎใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
56:55
We are getting through these quite quickly because I will be going soon.
889
3415040
4040
็งใฏใ™ใใซ่กŒใใฎใงใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’้žๅธธใซ่ฟ…้€Ÿ ใซๅ‡ฆ็†ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
56:59
Here is another one.
890
3419440
2600
ใ“ใ“ใซๅˆฅใฎใ‚‚ใฎใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
57:03
Ain't I?
891
3423160
2120
็งใ˜ใ‚ƒใชใ„๏ผŸ
57:05
Now this.
892
3425280
1560
ไปŠใ“ใ‚Œใ€‚
57:06
I'm going to say.
893
3426840
920
็งใฏ่จ€ใ†ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚
57:07
Now, this is a very common reduction
894
3427760
3960
ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้žๅธธใซไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใช็Ÿญ็ธฎ
57:12
It is an abbreviation that is used quite often in British English.
895
3432400
4960
ๅฝข ใงใ™ใ€‚ใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚น่‹ฑ่ชžใงใ‹ใชใ‚Š้ ป็นใซไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹็•ฅ่ชžใงใ™ใ€‚
57:17
You might find that reductions are more often used in American English.
896
3437760
6040
็ฐก็ด„ใฏ ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซ่‹ฑ่ชžใงใ‚ˆใ‚Š้ ป็นใซไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๆฐ—ไป˜ใใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
57:23
However, you will find these days reductions
897
3443960
4120
ใŸใ ใ—ใ€ๆœ€่ฟ‘
57:28
in English are used much more
898
3448520
2520
ใงใฏใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใฎ็Ÿญ็ธฎๅฝขใŒใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚น่‹ฑ่ชžใจใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎไธกๆ–นใงใ‚ˆใ‚Šๅคšใไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™
57:31
in both British and American English.
899
3451560
2520
.
57:34
However, this one this one is definitely
900
3454160
3520
ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้–“้•ใ„ใชใ
57:38
British English ain't it?
901
3458000
3440
ใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚น่‹ฑ่ชžใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ
57:42
I live it.
902
3462480
1080
็งใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’็”Ÿใใพใ™ใ€‚
57:43
Many years ago, this was seen as
903
3463560
3480
ไฝ•ๅนดใ‚‚ๅ‰ใซใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ
57:48
a vulgar word, vulgar
904
3468200
2320
ไธ‹ๅ“ใช่จ€่‘‰ใจ่ฆ‹ใชใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸ
57:51
So if a word is vulgar, it means it is horrible.
905
3471040
3760
ใ€‚
57:55
It is a word that you must never say.
906
3475200
3120
็ตถๅฏพใซ่จ€ใฃใฆใฏใ„ใ‘ใชใ„่จ€่‘‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
57:58
It is a way of speaking that you must never use or do
907
3478400
4720
็ตถๅฏพใซไฝฟใฃใฆใฏใ„ใ‘ใชใ„่ฉฑใ—ๆ–นใงใ™
58:04
ain't.
908
3484160
1040
ใ€‚
58:05
Although these days it is often used, especially in
909
3485720
4000
ๆœ€่ฟ‘ใงใฏใ‚ˆใไฝฟใ‚ใ‚Œใพใ™ใŒใ€็‰นใซ
58:10
I suppose you would say, in Cockney English
910
3490160
3200
58:14
around the areas and suburbs of London,
911
3494080
3840
ใƒญใƒณใƒ‰ใƒณใฎๅœฐๅŸŸใ‚„้ƒŠๅค–ใฎใ‚ณใƒƒใ‚ฏใƒ‹ใƒผ่‹ฑ่ชžใงใฏใ€
58:17
you might hear a lot of people saying Ain't ain't
912
3497920
3640
Ain't ain't
58:22
I ain't a thief,
913
3502440
2160
I ain't a thief,
58:25
I ain't your friend,
914
3505880
2280
I ain. ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅ‹้”
58:28
I ain't
915
3508720
1880
ใ˜ใ‚ƒใชใ„ใ€็งใฏไปฅๅ‰ใฏใ„ใชใ„
58:35
formerly, we would say is not or have not.
916
3515400
4720
ใ€ใใ†ใงใฏใชใ„ใ€ใพใŸใฏๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใชใ„ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
58:41
He ain't my friend.
917
3521120
2760
ๅฝผใฏ็งใฎๅ‹้”ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
58:43
He ain't my brother.
918
3523880
3360
ๅฝผใฏ็งใฎๅ…„ๅผŸใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
58:48
He ain't heavy
919
3528520
2440
ๅฝผใฏ้‡ใใชใ„
58:51
He is my brother.
920
3531880
3160
ๅฝผใฏ็งใฎๅ…„ๅผŸใงใ™ใ€‚
58:55
Another famous song there
921
3535320
3440
ๅˆฅใฎๆœ‰ๅใชๆ›ฒ
58:59
when we say ain't
922
3539040
1200
59:00
we are actually saying is not or have not.
923
3540240
3720
ใฏใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏใใ†ใงใฏใชใ„ใ€ใพใŸใฏๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใชใ„ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
59:04
He ain't my friend.
924
3544720
2080
ๅฝผใฏ็งใฎๅ‹้”ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
59:06
He ain't. He ain't my friend.
925
3546800
2760
ๅฝผใฏ้•ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใฏ็งใฎๅ‹้”ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใกใชใฟใซใ€
59:15
Most of these ways of
926
3555200
2840
ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ๆธ›ใ‚‰ใ™ๆ–นๆณ•ใฎใปใจใ‚“ใฉใฏ
59:18
reducing English, by the way, I looked at quite negatively,
927
3558040
4640
ใ€็‰นใซ่‹ฑ่ชžใซใคใ„ใฆๅฐ‘ใ—ๆฐ—ๅ–ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไบบใ‚’้žๅธธใซๅฆๅฎš็š„ใซ่ฆ‹ใฆใ„
59:23
especially people who are a little bit snobbish about the English language,
928
3563240
5080
59:28
they will often say, no, you should never use
929
3568560
3800
ใพใ™
59:32
reductions in English.
930
3572360
2600
ใ€‚
59:35
However, these days it has become more acceptable.
931
3575520
3800
ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๆœ€่ฟ‘ใงใฏใใ‚ŒใŒใ‚ˆใ‚Šๅ—ใ‘ๅ…ฅใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
59:39
It really has Here's another one
932
3579800
2600
ใใ‚Œใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ“ใ“ใซๅˆฅใฎ
59:45
kind of.
933
3585240
920
็จฎ้กžใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
59:46
Kind of.
934
3586920
800
ใ™ใ“ใ—ใ€‚
59:48
I kind of see you tonight.
935
3588640
1840
ไปŠๅคœใ€ไผšใˆใพใ™ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€‚
59:50
I kind of I kind of sing.
936
3590480
2600
็งใฏใกใ‚‡ใฃใจๆญŒใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
59:53
I kind of sing
937
3593480
1840
I kind of sing
59:57
I want to sing,
938
3597520
1000
I want to sing,
59:58
but I kind of I kind of do it
939
3598520
3960
but I kind of I kind of it
60:02
I kind of
940
3602720
800
I kind of
60:06
and this is normally
941
3606600
3360
and this is
60:09
said as I cannot kind of
942
3609960
3480
used as I cannot kind of kind of
60:14
is cannot formally you would say can not
943
3614200
3880
can not official ่‹ฑ่ชžใง
60:19
if you are reducing or using a reduction
944
3619240
2720
้‚„ๅ…ƒใพใŸใฏ้‚„ๅ…ƒใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ can not ใจ่จ€ใ†ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
60:21
in English, you will say kind of quite often also in Scottish as well,
945
3621960
5360
ใ€‚ ใ‚นใ‚ณใƒƒใƒˆใƒฉใƒณใƒ‰่ชžใงใ‚‚ใ‹ใชใ‚Š้ ป็นใซ่จ€ใ†ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€
60:27
people will say kind of or can say, hmm.
946
3627600
4760
ไบบใ€…ใฏใ‚ใ‚‹็จฎใฎใ“ใจใ‚’่จ€ใ†ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€ใพใŸใฏ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™
60:32
Did you know that so even though English
947
3632400
3000
60:35
is spoken in Scotland quite often, a lot of the words
948
3635400
5600
ใ‚นใ‚ณใƒƒใƒˆใƒฉใƒณใƒ‰ใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžใŒใ‹ใชใ‚Š้ ป็นใซ่ฉฑใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€ๅคšใใฎๅ˜่ชžใซใฏ
60:41
still have a Scottish sound to them.
949
3641160
4000
ใพใ ใ‚นใ‚ณใƒƒใƒˆใƒฉใƒณใƒ‰ใฎ้ŸณใŒๅซใพใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ใ”ๅญ˜็Ÿฅใงใ™ใ‹.
60:46
Can I, can I do it
950
3646240
2560
ใงใใพใ™ใ‹ใ€ใงใใพใ™ใ‹
60:51
No, I'm not going to try
951
3651520
1280
ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€่‹ฆๆƒ…ใ‚’
60:52
and do a Scottish accent because I might get
952
3652800
3240
ๅ—ใ‘ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ใฎใงใ€ใ‚นใ‚ณใƒƒใƒˆใƒฉใƒณใƒ‰ใฎใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใ‚’่ฉฆใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
60:57
complaints.
953
3657200
1200
ใ€‚
60:59
So kind of is cannot something you are an able to do?
954
3659240
4120
ใงใฏใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใซใงใใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‹๏ผŸ
61:03
You can do it.
955
3663400
1640
ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’่กŒใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
61:05
You cannot do it.
956
3665040
3680
ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
61:08
Here's another one.
957
3668960
1600
ใ“ใ“ใซๅˆฅใฎใ‚‚ใฎใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
61:11
Something that you might say
958
3671240
2640
61:13
when you have no idea of the answer.
959
3673880
4080
็ญ”ใˆใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใจใใซใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่จ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ไฝ•ใ‹ใ€‚
61:18
Maybe a person will ask you a question and you don't know the answer.
960
3678200
6040
่ชฐใ‹ใซ่ณชๅ•ใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ‚‚ ใ€็ญ”ใˆใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
61:24
You might say,
961
3684880
2440
ใ€Œ
61:27
I do know
962
3687760
1800
I do know
61:31
I don't know
963
3691960
2520
I don't knowใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›
61:36
quite often in British English
964
3696160
2440
ใ‚“ใŒใ€ใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚น่‹ฑ่ชžใง
61:38
people will say, I don't know
965
3698840
2040
ใฏใ€ŒI don't know
61:43
It is another way of saying, I don't know.
966
3703160
3480
ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ŒI don't knowใ€ใฎๅˆฅใฎ่จ€ใ„ๆ–นใงใ™ใ€‚
61:47
I don't know.
967
3707120
2040
็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ€‚
61:49
I do know I did home
968
3709160
2080
็งใฏๅฎถใซๅธฐใฃใŸใ“ใจใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹
61:54
so if you are listening to informal English
969
3714320
2960
ใฎใง
61:57
being used daily in a social situation,
970
3717320
4920
ใ€็คพไผš็š„ใช็Šถๆณใงๆ—ฅๅธธ็š„ใซไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹้žๅ…ฌๅผใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’่žใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€
62:02
or in maybe a moment where people are just talking
971
3722240
3720
ใพใŸใฏไบบใ€…ใŒใƒชใƒฉใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใ—ใŸๆ–นๆณ•ใง่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹็žฌ้–“ใซใ€ไบบใ€…ใŒ
62:06
in a relaxed way, you might hear people use reductions.
972
3726360
4480
ๅ‰Šๆธ›ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใŒ่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“.
62:10
However, there are many people who don't like them.
973
3730840
3120
ใŸใ ใ—ใ€ๅซŒใ„ใชไบบใ‚‚ๅคšใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
62:14
They do not like reductions in English.
974
3734240
3880
ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎๅ‰Šๆธ›ใŒๅฅฝใใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
62:18
I know is I don't know
975
3738960
4280
I know is I don't know
62:27
We are now going to have a quick
976
3747320
1440
ใ“ใ“
62:28
look at a list of sentences which can also be reduced.
977
3748760
5160
ใงใ€็Ÿญ็ธฎใงใใ‚‹ๆ–‡ใฎใƒชใ‚นใƒˆใ‚’็ฐกๅ˜ใซ่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
62:33
Would you like to see them?
978
3753920
1200
ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใŸใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
62:35
Just before I go, I will show them to you on the screen.
979
3755120
3720
็งใŒ่กŒใ็›ดๅ‰ใซใ€ ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒชใƒผใƒณใงใ‚ใชใŸใซ่ฆ‹ใ›ใพใ™ใ€‚
62:39
Oh, so let's have a look at these sentences.
980
3759280
5920
ใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใงใฏใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๆ–‡ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
62:45
Are you?
981
3765200
1600
ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ๏ผŸ
62:47
Oh, yeah.
982
3767040
1120
ใใ†ใใ†ใ€‚
62:48
Oh, yeah.
983
3768360
920
ใใ†ใใ†ใ€‚
62:50
Are you going out tonight?
984
3770640
1760
ไปŠๅคœๅ‡บใ‹ใ‘ใ‚‹ใฎ๏ผŸ
62:52
Are you all you
985
3772400
2280
62:56
can you
986
3776120
1520
62:58
can you
987
3778400
840
63:00
can you
988
3780200
960
63:03
can you
989
3783680
1280
63:05
can you see me tonight?
990
3785720
1800
ไปŠๅคœ็งใซไผšใˆใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
63:07
Can you see me tonight?
991
3787520
2480
ไปŠๅคœไผšใˆใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
63:10
Could you
992
3790000
1600
63:11
could you
993
3791960
1120
63:13
could you
994
3793600
920
63:16
could you come around later?
995
3796120
1840
ๅพŒใงๆฅใฆใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใˆใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
63:17
Could you come round tonight and see me?
996
3797960
2280
ไปŠๅคœใ“ใ“ใซๆฅใฆใ€็งใซไผšใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‹๏ผŸ
63:21
Could you could you.
997
3801240
3200
ใงใใพใ™ใ‹ใ€‚
63:24
Would you
998
3804440
1680
ใ‚ใชใŸ
63:26
would you.
999
3806440
960
ใฏใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ใ—ใพใ™ใ‹ใ€‚
63:28
Would you.
1000
3808240
1360
ใ—ใพใ™ใ‹ใ€‚
63:29
Would you
1001
3809960
1000
ใ‚ใชใŸ
63:32
did you.
1002
3812720
1520
ใฏใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ‹ใ€‚
63:34
Did you.
1003
3814760
1120
ใ‚ใชใŸใงใ—ใŸใ‹ใ€‚
63:36
Did you.
1004
3816840
1320
ใ‚ใชใŸใงใ—ใŸใ‹ใ€‚
63:38
Did you.
1005
3818640
1080
ใ‚ใชใŸใงใ—ใŸใ‹ใ€‚
63:41
Do you do you.
1006
3821000
2760
ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ใ—ใพใ™ใ‹ใ€‚
63:44
Do you want to see me tonight?
1007
3824960
1440
ไปŠๅคœ็งใซไผšใ„ใŸใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
63:48
Do you want to see me tonight.
1008
3828120
3520
ไปŠๅคœ็งใซไผšใ„ใŸใ„ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€‚
63:51
Don't you
1009
3831640
1800
่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‹๏ผŸ
63:53
don't show
1010
3833840
1320
63:56
will you.
1011
3836520
1520
63:58
Will you
1012
3838520
1200
ใ—
64:01
do you want to.
1013
3841240
2280
ใŸใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
64:03
Do you want to
1014
3843640
1320
ใ—ใŸใ„ใงใ™
64:05
or do you want to.
1015
3845600
3200
ใ‹ใ€ใ—ใŸใ„ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€‚
64:08
Do you want to do you want to.
1016
3848800
2600
ใ—ใŸใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
64:13
Are you going to.
1017
3853120
2600
่กŒใใพใ™ใ‹ใ€‚
64:15
Are you going to.
1018
3855720
1440
่กŒใใพใ™ใ‹ใ€‚
64:17
Are you going to.
1019
3857760
1240
่กŒใใพใ™ใ‹ใ€‚
64:19
Are you going to go to the party
1020
3859920
2360
ใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใซ่กŒใใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใงใ™ใ‹ใ€
64:22
or are you going to see me tonight.
1021
3862280
2400
ใใ‚Œใจใ‚‚ไปŠๅคœ็งใซไผšใ„ใซ่กŒใใพใ™ใ‹ใ€‚
64:24
Are you going to.
1022
3864680
2800
่กŒใใพใ™ใ‹ใ€‚
64:27
Do you have to see.
1023
3867560
4440
ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ่ฆ‹ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‹ใ€‚
64:32
Did you have to or do you have to.
1024
3872360
2880
ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ‹ใ€ใพใŸใฏใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹ใ€‚
64:36
Do you have to.
1025
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ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹ใ€‚
64:39
Do you have to.
1026
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ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹ใ€‚
64:43
I would imagine there will be a lot of people
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่‹ฑ่ชžใฏๅธธใซๆญฃใ—ใ่ฉฑใ•ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„
64:46
who believe that the English language must always be spoken correctly.
1028
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ใจไฟกใ˜ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไบบใŒใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ„ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ ใพใ™.
64:51
And I would imagine a lot of people are now
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ๅคšใใฎไบบใŒไปŠใ€็งใŒใ‚„ใฃใŸใ“ใจใซๅฏพใ—ใฆ
64:54
closing their eyes in disgust
1030
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ๅซŒๆ‚ชๆ„Ÿใ‚’ๆŠฑใ„ใฆ็›ฎใ‚’้–‰ใ˜ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„
64:58
at what I've just done. There
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ใพใ™. ใŸใ ใ—
65:02
However, it is worth
1032
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65:04
remembering that in everyday English, quite often
1033
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ใ€ๆ—ฅๅธธใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžใง
65:08
we will reduce the sounds or the pronunciation
1034
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65:13
of certain words and phrases.
1035
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ใฏใ€็‰นๅฎšใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚„ใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใฎ้Ÿณใ‚„็™บ้Ÿณใ‚’ๆธ›ใ‚‰ใ™ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใไพกๅ€คใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
65:16
It does happen, not always,
1036
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ๅธธใซใจใ„ใ†ใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€
65:20
but it is important when you are learning to listen to English.
1037
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่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’่žใใ“ใจใ‚’ๅญฆใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใซใฏ้‡่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚
65:25
So I think one of the hardest parts of learning English is not just
1038
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ๅญฆใถไธŠใงๆœ€ใ‚‚้›ฃใ—ใ„้ƒจๅˆ†ใฎ 1 ใคใฏใ€
65:29
learning words, but also listening
1039
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ๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ๅญฆ็ฟ’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใชใ
65:33
to the many different ways in which words are pronounced.
1040
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ใ€ใ•ใพใ–ใพ ใชๅ˜่ชžใฎ็™บ้Ÿณๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’่žใใ“ใจใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
65:37
And quite often in everyday speech, when people are talking every day,
1041
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ไบบใ€…ใŒๆฏŽๆ—ฅ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใ€ๆ—ฅๅธธใฎไผš่ฉฑใงใฏ้žๅธธใซ้ ป็นใซใ€
65:42
you will often hear reductions used.
1042
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ๅ‰Šๆธ›ใŒไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’่žใใ“ใจใŒใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
65:46
So it is something that is worth remembering.
1043
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใไพกๅ€คใฎใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
65:49
It really is
1044
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1920
65:53
Beatrice says, I have to go now.
1045
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ใƒ™ใ‚ขใƒˆใƒชใ‚นใฎ่จ€ใ†้€šใ‚Šใ ใ€ใ‚‚ใ†่กŒใใ—ใ‹ใชใ„ใ€‚
65:55
I'm sorry, I have to leave
1046
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ใ™ใฟใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚นใ‚’้›ขใ‚Œใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
65:58
the class.
1047
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ใ€‚
65:59
Don't worry, Beatrice. I will be back on Sunday.
1048
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ๅฟƒ้…ใ—ใชใ„ใงใ€ใƒ™ใ‚ขใƒˆใƒชใ‚นใ€‚ ็งใฏๆ—ฅๆ›œๆ—ฅใซๆˆปใฃใฆใใพใ™ใ€‚
66:02
Don't worry.
1049
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ๅฟƒ้…ใ—ใชใ„ใงใ€‚
66:03
Hello to.
1050
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚
66:05
Hello, sir.
1051
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚
66:06
All reductions and contractions the same
1052
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ใ™ในใฆใฎๅ‰Šๆธ›ใจๅŽ็ธฎใฏ
66:11
technically. No,
1053
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ๆŠ€่ก“็š„ใซๅŒใ˜ใงใ™ใ€‚
66:14
technically, no, they're not.
1054
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ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ๆŠ€่ก“็š„ใซใฏใ€ใใ†ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
66:17
Reductions tend to be used in certain places at certain times.
1055
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ๅ‰Šๆธ› ใฏใ€็‰นๅฎšใฎๅ ดๆ‰€ใง็‰นๅฎšใฎๆ™‚้–“ใซไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅ‚พๅ‘ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
66:23
However, contractions
1056
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ใŸใ ใ—ใ€็Ÿญ็ธฎๅฝขใฏ
66:26
are often used even in written English,
1057
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่‹ฑ่ชžใฎๆ›ธใ่จ€่‘‰ใงใ‚‚ใ‚ˆใไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€
66:30
so you will rarely see
1058
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66:34
the reductions used in written English.
1059
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่‹ฑ่ชžใฎๆ›ธใ่จ€่‘‰ใงไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹็ธฎ็ด„ใฏใปใจใ‚“ใฉ่ฆ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
66:38
However, you will see contractions used in written English.
1060
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ใŸใ ใ—ใ€ ๆ›ธใ‹ใ‚ŒใŸ่‹ฑ่ชžใงไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹็Ÿญ็ธฎๅฝขใŒ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
66:44
I think. I think you are.
1061
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ใŠใ‚‚ใ†ใ€‚ ็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
66:46
You have more freedom to use contractions
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ไบˆๆธฌใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚ใ€ๅŽ็ธฎใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹่‡ช็”ฑใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
66:50
than you do to use predictions.
1063
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ใ€‚
66:53
Street English.
1064
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ใ‚นใƒˆใƒชใƒผใƒˆใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฐใƒชใƒƒใ‚ทใƒฅใ€‚
66:56
Valentin.
1065
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ใƒใƒฌใƒณใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒณใ€‚
66:57
That is a good phrase.
1066
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ใ„ใ„่จ€่‘‰ใงใ™ใญใ€‚
66:59
Yes, I suppose if you are using your English language on the streets with your friends
1067
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ใฏใ„ใ€
67:05
in a relaxed environment or situation, yes,
1068
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ใƒชใƒฉใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใ—ใŸ็’ฐๅขƒใ‚„็Šถๆณใงๅ‹้”ใจ่ทฏไธŠใง่‹ฑ่ชž
67:09
you will use reductions
1069
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ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ใฏใ„ใ€ๅ‰Šๆธ›ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™
67:12
Some people say street English.
1070
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ใ€‚ใ‚นใƒˆใƒชใƒผใƒˆ่‹ฑ่ชžใจ่จ€ใ†ไบบใ‚‚ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
67:15
English or phrases or ways of speaking
1071
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67:20
that are done or used on the streets in everyday life.
1072
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ๆ—ฅๅธธ็”Ÿๆดปใฎ่ทฏไธŠใง่กŒใ‚ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ€ใพใŸใฏไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใพใŸใฏใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใพใŸใฏ่ฉฑใ—ๆ–นใ€‚
67:25
I think so.
1073
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ใใ†ๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
67:26
And yes, they are commonly used in American English.
1074
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ใฏใ„ใ€ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซ่‹ฑ่ชžใงใ‚ˆใไฝฟใ‚ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
67:31
However, because of the influence
1075
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ใŸใ ใ—ใ€
67:36
of certain ways of speaking, you will find these days
1076
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็‰นๅฎšใฎ่ฉฑใ—ๆ–นใฎๅฝฑ้Ÿฟใซใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ€ๆœ€่ฟ‘
67:40
many people in British English also use reductions as well.
1077
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ใงใฏใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚น่‹ฑ่ชžใง ใ‚‚้‚„ๅ…ƒใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ไบบใŒๅคšใใชใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
67:46
It has become very common
1078
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ใใ‚Œใฏ้žๅธธใซไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใซ
67:49
and very popular, especially amongst the young people.
1079
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ใชใ‚Šใ€็‰นใซ่‹ฅ่€…ใฎ้–“ใง้žๅธธใซไบบๆฐ—ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™.
67:55
That's all I'm saying.
1080
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ใใ‚Œใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚
67:57
So yes, it is
1081
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ใฏใ„ใ€
67:59
commonly used in American English but you will find that reductions are more
1082
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ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซ่‹ฑ่ชžใงไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใซไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใฆ ใ„ใพใ™ใŒ
68:04
often used in American English, but quite often
1083
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ใ€ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซ่‹ฑ่ชžใงใ‚ˆใ‚Š้ ป็นใซไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒ
68:08
they are used in British English as well.
1084
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ใ€ใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚น่‹ฑ่ชžใงใ‚‚ใ‹ใชใ‚Š้ ป็นใซไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™.
68:11
And that is one of the things we always have to remember about English.
1085
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ใใ—ใฆใใ‚Œใฏใ€ ็งใŸใกใŒ่‹ฑ่ชžใซใคใ„ใฆๅธธใซ่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใ‹ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ“ใจใฎ 1 ใคใงใ™ใ€‚
68:15
It is a language that is always changing in some way.
1086
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ๅธธใซไฝ•ใ‚‰ใ‹ใฎๅฝขใงๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹่จ€่ชžใงใ™ใ€‚
68:20
It is always evolving.
1087
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ๅธธใซ้€ฒๅŒ–ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
68:22
It is always being changed.
1088
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ๅธธใซๅค‰ๆ›ดใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
68:29
Thank you very much for your company.
1089
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ใฉใ†ใžใ‚ˆใ‚ใ—ใใŠ้ก˜ใ„ใ„ใŸใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
68:30
I hope you've enjoyed this live stream.
1090
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ใ“ใฎใƒฉใ‚คใƒ– ใ‚นใƒˆใƒชใƒผใƒ ใ‚’ใŠๆฅฝใ—ใฟใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใŸใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€‚
68:33
I will be going in a moment.
1091
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ใ™ใใซ่กŒใใพใ™ใ€‚
68:35
I hope you've enjoyed today's live stream
1092
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎใƒฉใ‚คใƒ– ใ‚นใƒˆใƒชใƒผใƒ ใ‚’ๆฅฝใ—ใ‚“ใงใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใŸใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹
68:40
and I will see you again on Sunday.
1093
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ใ€‚ๆ—ฅๆ›œๆ—ฅใซใพใŸใŠไผšใ„ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
68:43
Don't forget, of course, this Sunday, Mr.
1094
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€ไปŠ้€ฑใฎๆ—ฅๆ›œๆ—ฅใ€ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ๆฐใฏใ€
68:47
Steve will be here for all those who are missing Steve.
1095
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ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ๆฐใŒ่กŒๆ–นไธๆ˜Žใซใชใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ™ในใฆใฎไบบใฎใŸใ‚ใซใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
68:52
Don't worry.
1096
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ๅฟƒ้…ใ—ใชใ„ใงใ€‚
68:53
He will be with us live on Sunday.
1097
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ๅฝผใฏๆ—ฅๆ›œๆ—ฅใซใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–ใง็งใŸใกใจไธ€็ท’ใซใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
68:56
At the moment, he's away.
1098
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็พๅœจใ€ๅฝผใฏ็•™ๅฎˆใงใ™ใ€‚
68:59
He's he's around about I think it's around 100,
1099
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ๅฝผใฏใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใพใ™
69:04
110 miles away at the moment.
1100
4144600
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ใ€‚ไปŠใฎใจใ“ใ‚ 100 ใƒžใ‚คใƒซใ€110 ใƒžใ‚คใƒซ้›ขใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
69:08
Very far away. In a place called your
1101
4148040
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ใจใฆใ‚‚้ ใ„ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฎใ‚ใ‚ใจใ„ใ†ๅ ดๆ‰€ใง
69:16
Oh, that's interesting.
1102
4156840
1400
ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ้ข็™ฝใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
69:18
Lewis makes a suggestion to Vittoria.
1103
4158240
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ใƒซใ‚คใ‚นใฏใƒดใ‚ฃใƒƒใƒˆใƒผใƒชใ‚ขใซใ‚ใ‚‹ๆๆกˆใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ€‚
69:21
You need to buy English pronunciation and use
1104
4161080
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่‹ฑ่ชžใฎ็™บ้Ÿณใ‚’่ณผๅ…ฅใ—
69:25
the advanced version by Martin Huguenots.
1105
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ใ€Martin Huguenots ใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹้ซ˜ๅบฆใชใƒใƒผใ‚ธใƒงใƒณใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
69:31
I have heard of that book.
1106
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็งใฏใใฎๆœฌใฎใ“ใจใ‚’่žใ„ใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
69:34
I normally
1107
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็งใฏ้€šๅธธ
69:36
certainly in situations where I'm teaching directly in class,
1108
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ใ€ใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚นใง็›ดๆŽฅๆ•™ใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹็Šถๆณใง
69:41
I would always use textbooks,
1109
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ใฏใ€ๅธธใซๆ•™็ง‘ๆ›ธใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
69:44
for example, Cambridge textbooks that are often used in
1110
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใ‚ˆใไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‚ฑใƒณใƒ–ใƒชใƒƒใ‚ธใฎๆ•™็ง‘ๆ›ธใงใ™ใ€‚
69:50
well, I would say in Asia
1111
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ใ‚ขใ‚ธใ‚ข
69:52
you will find a lot of schools use Cambridge books,
1112
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ใงใฏใ€ๅคšใใฎๅญฆๆ กใŒใ‚ฑใƒณใƒ–ใƒชใƒƒใ‚ธใฎๆœฌใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™
69:57
but also there are books written by individuals
1113
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ใŒใ€ ๅ€‹ไบบใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆๆ›ธใ‹ใ‚ŒใŸๆœฌใŒ
70:01
and English pronunciation in use.
1114
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ใ‚ใ‚Šใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใฎ็™บ้ŸณใŒไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
70:04
The Advanced Version by Martin hearings
1115
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ใƒžใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒณใฎๅ…ฌ่ดไผšใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹้ซ˜ๅบฆใชใƒใƒผใ‚ธใƒงใƒณใฏใ€
70:08
would be a good place to go. Yes.
1116
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่กŒใใฎใซ้ฉใ—ใŸๅ ดๆ‰€ใงใ™. ใฏใ„ใ€‚
70:11
Thank you, Lewis. That is a good suggestion.
1117
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ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ€ใƒซใ‚คใ‚นใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏ่‰ฏใ„ๆๆกˆใงใ™ใ€‚
70:13
Of course, there are many other books, many other textbooks
1118
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ ไป–ใซใ‚‚ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎๆœฌใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ไป–ใซใ‚‚ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎๆ•™็ง‘ๆ›ธใŒ
70:17
available as well.
1119
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ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
70:20
Thank you, Palmira This is something different today.
1120
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ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ€ใƒ‘ใƒซใƒŸใƒฉ ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใ„ใคใ‚‚ใจ้•ใ†ใ€‚
70:24
I don't always talk about slang or street talk,
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ใ‚นใƒฉใƒณใ‚ฐใ‚„ใ‚นใƒˆใƒชใƒผใƒˆใƒˆใƒผใ‚ฏใฏใ„ใคใ‚‚่ฉฑใ•ใชใ„ใฎ
70:29
but I thought today it would be a good opportunity to do that.
1122
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ใงใ™ ใŒใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใ„ใ„ๆฉŸไผšใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
70:35
So I hope it's been interesting
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰็งใฏใใ‚ŒใŒ่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ
70:40
and not too confusing.
1124
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ใ€ใ‚ใพใ‚Šๆททไนฑใ—ใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’้ก˜ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™.
70:42
I hope so.
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ใใ†ใ ใจใ„ใ„ใ€‚
70:44
I will be back on Sunday.
1126
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็งใฏๆ—ฅๆ›œๆ—ฅใซๆˆปใฃใฆใใพใ™ใ€‚
70:45
Thank you very much for your company.
1127
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ใฉใ†ใžใ‚ˆใ‚ใ—ใใŠ้ก˜ใ„ใ„ใŸใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
70:47
I hope you stay happy for the rest of the week.
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ๆฎ‹ใ‚Šใฎ 1 ้€ฑ้–“ใ€ใŠๅนธใ›ใซใŠ้Žใ”ใ—ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
70:50
Keep that smile upon your face
1129
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใใฎ็ฌ‘้ก”ใ‚’็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใชใ„ใฎใงใ€ใ‚ใชใŸ
70:53
as you walk around amongst the human race because you never know that smile.
1130
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ใŒไบบ้กžใฎ้–“ใ‚’ๆญฉใๅ›žใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹้–“ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ้ก”ใซ ใใฎ็ฌ‘้ก”ใ‚’ไฟใกใชใ•ใ„.
70:58
That smile that you give to another person
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็›ธๆ‰‹ใซไธŽใˆใ‚‹ใใฎ็ฌ‘้ก”ใฏใ€็›ธๆ‰‹
71:01
might be just the thing that they were waiting for.
1132
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ใŒๅพ…ใกๆœ›ใ‚“ใงใ„ใŸใ‚‚ใฎใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
71:04
It might be the one thing that will make their day
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ใใ‚Œใฏๅฝผใ‚‰ใฎไธ€ๆ—ฅใ‚’
71:07
brighter and more happy.
1134
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ใ‚ˆใ‚Šๆ˜Žใ‚‹ใใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Šๅนธใ›ใซใ™ใ‚‹ๅ”ฏไธ€ใฎใ‚‚ใฎใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“.
71:10
So you never know.
1135
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๆฑบใ—ใฆ็Ÿฅใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
71:12
Thank you very much for your company.
1136
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ใฉใ†ใžใ‚ˆใ‚ใ—ใใŠ้ก˜ใ„ใ„ใŸใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
71:14
Oh, apparently it is a Cambridge book
1137
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ใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใฉใ†ใ‚„ใ‚‰ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ฑใƒณใƒ–ใƒชใƒƒใ‚ธใฎ
71:18
There you go.
1138
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ๆœฌใงใ™ใญใ€‚
71:19
That's the probably the reason why I've heard of it.
1139
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ใใ‚ŒใŒใŠใใ‚‰ใ็งใŒใใ‚Œใ‚’่žใ„ใŸ็†็”ฑใงใ™ใ€‚
71:22
Thank you, Louis.
1140
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ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ€ใƒซใ‚คใ‚นใ€‚
71:24
Yes, you see
1141
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ใฏใ„
71:29
I'm so glad
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71:29
that we managed to meet in the middle there, Louis.
1143
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ใ€ใƒซใ‚คใ€้€”ไธญใงไผšใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใฆใจใฆใ‚‚ใ†ใ‚Œใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
71:32
Thank you very much.
1144
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ใฉใ†ใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
71:34
But it is a good book.
1145
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ่‰ฏใ„ๆœฌใงใ™ใ€‚
71:36
Any reference book or any book that gives you information about the ways
1146
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71:40
in which the English language is used in certain
1147
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็‰นๅฎšใฎๅˆ†้‡Žใง่‹ฑ่ชžใŒใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซไฝฟใ‚ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใซใคใ„ใฆใฎๆƒ…ๅ ฑใ‚’ๆไพ›ใ™ใ‚‹ๅ‚่€ƒๆ›ธใ‚„ๆœฌ
71:43
areas is always useful
1148
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ใฏใ€ๅธธใซๅฝนใซ็ซ‹ใกใพใ™ใ€‚
71:48
Perhaps one week I should talk about that.
1149
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ใŠใใ‚‰ใ 1 ้€ฑ้–“ใงใใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ๅˆใ†ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
71:51
I think that would be a very good subject to talk about.
1150
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ใจใฆใ‚‚่‰ฏใ„่ฉฑ้กŒใซใชใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
71:55
Thank you for your company.
1151
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฎไผš็คพใ‚’ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ€‚
71:56
Thank you for joining me today.
1152
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ๆœฌๆ—ฅใฏใ”ๅ‚ๅŠ ใ„ใŸใ ใใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
71:58
And I will see you on Sunday from 2 p.m.
1153
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ๆ—ฅๆ›œๆ—ฅใฎๅˆๅพŒ2ๆ™‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ใŠไผšใ„ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
72:03
UK time.
1154
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่‹ฑๅ›ฝๆ™‚้–“ใ€‚
72:05
Before I go there is something I wanted to mention
1155
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็งใŒ่กŒใๅ‰ใซใ€
72:08
very quickly
1156
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1800
้žๅธธใซ
72:12
Something that people do in English quite often.
1157
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็ฐกๅ˜ใซ่จ€ๅŠใ—ใŸใ„ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ไบบใ€…ใŒ่‹ฑ่ชžใง้ ป็นใซ่กŒใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
72:14
They often use something called a double negative.
1158
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ—ใฐใ—ใฐไบŒ้‡ๅฆๅฎšใจๅ‘ผใฐใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
72:19
And this is where they use a negative twice.
1159
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒๅฆๅฎšใ‚’2ๅ›žไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๆ‰€ใงใ™.
72:25
And quite often if you use a negative word twice
1160
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ใพใŸใ€ๅŒใ˜ๆ–‡ใงๅฆๅฎš็š„ใชๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ 2 ๅ›žไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€่‚ฏๅฎš็š„ใชๅ˜่ชž
72:28
in the same sentence, you will create a positive.
1161
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ใŒไฝœๆˆใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
72:32
So if you say you didn't do nothing,
1162
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒไฝ•ใ‚‚ใ—ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใจ่จ€ใ†ใชใ‚‰ใ€
72:37
that means that you did something
1163
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ—ใŸใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™
72:41
I will show you the sentence now before I go,
1164
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72:44
I didn't do nothing.
1165
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ใ€‚
72:47
If you say you didn't do nothing,
1166
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ไฝ•ใ‚‚ใ—ใชใ‹ใฃใŸ
72:50
it means that you did do something.
1167
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ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ—ใŸใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
72:55
So remember that
1168
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72:57
it is quite often used
1169
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73:00
in English when people are maybe distressed or maybe panicking.
1170
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่‹ฑ่ชžใงใฏ ใ€ไบบใ€…ใŒ่‹ฆใ—ใ‚“ใงใ„ใŸใ‚Šใ€ใƒ‘ใƒ‹ใƒƒใ‚ฏใซใชใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใซใ‚ˆใไฝฟใ‚ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
73:05
I didn't do nothing.
1171
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็งใฏไฝ•ใ‚‚ใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
73:08
No, I didn't do it.
1172
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ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€็งใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
73:10
I didn't do nothing.
1173
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็งใฏไฝ•ใ‚‚ใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
73:14
Be careful, because what you are actually saying is
1174
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๅฎŸ้š›ใซ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใ€
73:17
you did do something Double negatives
1175
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ—ใŸใจใ„ใ†
73:21
in English can quite often get you into trouble.
1176
4401440
4360
ใ“ใจใชใฎใงๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
73:26
So be careful when you use them.
1177
4406080
2120
ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใฏๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
73:28
I'm going now for sure. Definitely.
1178
4408200
2280
็งใฏไปŠใ€็ขบใ‹ใซ่กŒใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ตถๅฏพใ€‚
73:30
See you later.
1179
4410680
1080
ใพใŸๅพŒใงใ€‚
73:31
Take care.
1180
4411760
1320
ๆฐ—ใ‚’ใคใ‘ใฆใ€‚
73:33
Thank you very much for your company.
1181
4413080
2240
ใฉใ†ใžใ‚ˆใ‚ใ—ใใŠ้ก˜ใ„ใ„ใŸใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
73:35
And you know what's coming next.
1182
4415320
2320
ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๆฌกใซไฝ•ใŒๆฅใ‚‹ใ‹็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
73:38
Until we meet again. On Sunday.
1183
4418480
2040
ใพใŸไผšใ†ใพใงใ€‚ ๆ—ฅๆ›œๆ—ฅใซใ€‚
73:40
Enjoy the rest of your Wednesday.
1184
4420800
2240
ๆฎ‹ใ‚Šใฎๆฐดๆ›œๆ—ฅใ‚’ใŠๆฅฝใ—ใฟใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
73:43
And of course, you know what's coming next.
1185
4423040
2920
ใใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๆฌกใซไฝ•ใŒๆฅใ‚‹ใ‹็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
73:46
Yes, you do...
1186
4426000
1720
ใฏใ„ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ...
73:52
ta ta for now.
1187
4432720
1320
ta ta ไปŠใฎใจใ“ใ‚ใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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