Learn English Grammar: Reported Speech (Indirect Speech)

725,689 views ใƒป 2014-10-30

Benjaminโ€™s English


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:02
Hi, there, guys. Welcome back. We're going to do a lesson today on using indirect speech.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚ ใŠๅธฐใ‚Šใชใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏ้–“ๆŽฅ่ฉฑๆณ•ใฎไฝฟใ„ๆ–นใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:08
What does that mean? Well, this is where we are relating something that someone said.
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ใฉใ†ใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ็งใŸใก ใŒ่ชฐใ‹ใŒ่จ€ใฃใŸใ“ใจใ‚’้–ข้€ฃไป˜ใ‘ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ“ใ‚ใงใ™ใ€‚
00:15
I'm going to talk you through the differences between indirect speech -- or reported speech
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ใ€Œๅผ•็”จ็ฌฆใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใƒใƒžใƒผใ‚ฏใ€ใจๅ‘ผใฐใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅฐใ•ใชใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ€ ้–“ๆŽฅ็š„ใชใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใƒ (ใพใŸใฏๅ ฑๅ‘Šใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใƒ) ใจ็›ดๆŽฅ็š„ใชใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใƒใฎ้•ใ„ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™
00:21
-- and direct speech, using these little things called "quotation marks" or "speech marks".
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ใ€‚
00:29
I'm going to give you some useful vocab for using reported speech, and showing you the
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ๅ ฑๅ‘Šใ•ใ‚ŒใŸ้Ÿณๅฃฐใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใฎไพฟๅˆฉใช่ชžๅฝ™ใ‚’ ็ดนไป‹ใ—
00:36
difference between "tell" and "say". I hope it's useful.
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ใ€ใ€Œ่จ€ใ†ใ€ใจใ€Œ่จ€ใ†ใ€ใฎ้•ใ„ใ‚’็คบใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝนใซ็ซ‹ใคใ“ใจใ‚’้ก˜ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:41
So my friend Billy, he's not feeling very well today. So he says, "I'm feeling sick."
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ๅ‹้”ใฎใƒ“ใƒชใƒผใ€ๅฝผใฏไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใ‚ใพใ‚Šๆฐ—ๅˆ†ใŒใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงๅฝผใฏใ€Œๆฐ—ๅˆ†ใŒๆ‚ชใ„ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:50
Now, if I'm using direct speech, that's where I use my quotation marks, my speech marks.
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ใ•ใฆใ€็งใŒ็›ดๆŽฅๆผ”่ชฌ ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใใ“ใงๅผ•็”จ็ฌฆใ€ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใƒ ใƒžใƒผใ‚ฏใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:58
I would write it like this: Billy said -- with a little comma -- "I'm feeling sick." -- end
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็งใชใ‚‰ใ“ใ†ๆ›ธใใพใ™ใ€‚ใƒ“ใƒชใƒผ ใฏๅฐ‘ใ—ใ‚ณใƒณใƒžใ‚’ๅ…ฅใ‚Œใฆใ€Œๆฐ—ๅˆ†ใŒๆ‚ชใ„ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ --
01:06
of quotation marks. But if I'm using reported speech, this is I don't use his exact words,
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ๅผ•็”จ็ฌฆใฎ็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๅ ฑๅ‘Šใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใƒใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆ ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅฝผใฎๆญฃ็ขบใช่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’
01:16
and I don't use these quotation marks. So I could say in reported speech: Billy said
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ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใŠใ‚‰ใšใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅผ•็”จ็ฌฆใ‚‚ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“. ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰็ง ใฏๅ ฑๅ‘Šใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใƒใง่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ—ใŸ๏ผšใƒ“ใƒชใƒผ
01:23
that he was feeling sick. I have used the same words here. But look. I'm using "said
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ใฏๅฝผใŒๆฐ—ๅˆ†ใŒๆ‚ชใ„ใจ่จ€ใฃใŸ. ใ“ใ“ใงใ‚‚ๅŒใ˜่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆใ„ ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใงใ‚‚ใ€่ฆ‹ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ็งใฏ "said that" ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆ
01:31
that" and no quotation marks.
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ใŠใ‚Šใ€ๅผ•็”จ็ฌฆใฏไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
01:35
Now, what are the differences between reported speech and direct speech? Well, direct speech
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ใงใฏใ€ๅ ฑๅ‘Šใ•ใ‚ŒใŸ ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใƒใจ็›ดๆŽฅใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใƒใฎ้•ใ„ใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹? ใ•ใฆใ€็›ดๆŽฅ่ฉฑๆณ•
01:44
uses the present. Look here. "I'm feeling sick." "I am" is obviously in the present.
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ใฏ็พๅœจๅฝขใ‚’ไฝฟใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ€‚ "็งใฏๆฐ—ๅˆ†ใŒ ๆ‚ชใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚" ใ€Œ็งใฏใ€ใฏๆ˜Žใ‚‰ใ‹ใซ็พๅœจใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€‚
01:52
Whereas reported speech is going to use past. He said that he was feeling sick.
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ไธ€ๆ–นใ€ๅ ฑๅ‘Šใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใƒใฏ้ŽๅŽปใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ไบˆๅฎšใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใฏๆฐ—ๅˆ†ใŒๆ‚ชใ„ใจ่จ€ใฃใŸใ€‚
02:00
So these are how we put some verbs into the past -- irregular verbs. Here, look. "I am"
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ๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’้ŽๅŽปๅฝขใซใ™ใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใฏๆฌกใฎใจใŠใ‚Š ใงใ™ใ€‚ไธ่ฆๅ‰‡ๅ‹•่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚ ใปใ‚‰ใ€่ฆ‹ใฆใ€‚ "I am"
02:09
goes to "he was". "Am" goes to "was". "Are" would go to "were". So if Billy said,
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ใฏ "he was" ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œใ‚ขใƒ ใ€ใฏใ€Œใ ใฃใŸใ€ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ "are" ใฏ "were" ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใƒ“ใƒชใƒผใŒ
02:17
"You are a jerk", in reported speech, it would be, "Billy said that you were a jerk." "Do"
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ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ‚ธใƒฃใƒผใ‚ฏใ ใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใŸๅ ดๅˆใ€ๅ ฑๅ‘Šใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใƒใง ใฏใ€ใ€Œใƒ“ใƒชใƒผใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ‚ธใƒฃใƒผใ‚ฏใ ใจ่จ€ใฃใŸใ€ใจใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ "do"
02:25
and "does" would go to "did". So if Billy is saying, "I do play snooker", it would be
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ใจ "does" ใฏ "did" ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใƒ“ใƒชใƒผ ใŒใ€Œ็งใฏใ‚นใƒŒใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใ‚’ใ—ใพใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆ
02:39
in reported speech, "Billy said that he did play snooker on Tuesday last week." Okay?
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ใ€ๅ ฑๅ‘Šใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใƒใงใฏใ€ใ€Œใƒ“ใƒชใƒผใฏๅ…ˆ้€ฑใฎ็ซๆ›œๆ—ฅใซใ‚นใƒŒใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใ‚’ใ—ใŸใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€ใจใชใ‚Š ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
02:47
"Have" and "has" would go to "had". "Will" is going to go to "would". "Can" is going
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ใ€ŒๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ใจใ€ŒๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ใฏใ€ŒๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใŸใ€ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€ŒWillใ€ ใฏใ€Œwouldใ€ใซ่กŒใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œใงใใ‚‹ใ€
02:53
to go to "could". Okay? Difficult spellings. Doesn't sound how it's spelled. And then,
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ใฏใ€ŒใงใใŸใ€ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ้›ฃใ—ใ„ใ‚นใƒšใƒซใ€‚ ใใ‚ŒใŒ็ถดใ‚‰ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆ
03:00
with your regular verbs, it's going to go to + ed. So Billy might say, "I want to party
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ใ€้€šๅธธใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ + ed ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒชใƒผใฏใ€ŒไปŠๅคœใฏใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใ—ใŸใ„ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
03:07
tonight." If I'm going to do reported speech, it would be, "Billy said that he wanted to
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ใ€‚ ็งใŒๅ ฑๅ‘Šใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใƒใ‚’ ใ™ใ‚‹ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใชใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใ€Œใƒ“ใƒชใƒผใฏๅฝผใŒไปŠๅคœใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใ‚’ใ—ใŸใ„ใจ่จ€ใฃใŸ
03:14
party tonight." Okay? I hope you're with me so far. I hope you're understanding.
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ใ€. ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็งใจไธ€็ท’ใซใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’้ก˜ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใ”็†่งฃใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใ‚Œใฐๅนธใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
03:20
Good, good, good.
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ใ„ใ„ใ€ใ„ใ„ใ€ใ„ใ„ใ€‚
03:21
Now, "tell" is a little bit different to "say". So when I use the verb "tell", I know whom
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ€Œ่จ€ใ†ใ€ใฏใ€Œ่จ€ใ†ใ€ใจใฏๅฐ‘ใ—้•ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰็งใŒใ€Œtellใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟใ†ใจใ
03:32
the person is talking to. For example, "Billy told me that you were a jerk." So "talking
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ใ€ใใฎไบบใŒ่ชฐใจ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใŒๅˆ†ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใ€Œใƒ“ใƒชใƒผ ใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒ้ฆฌ้นฟใ ใจ็งใซ่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€ ใ€Œtalking
03:44
to me", so I use "tell". I know who the person is talking to. But when I use "say", we don't
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to meใ€ใชใฎใงใ€ใ€Œtellใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ็งใฏใใฎไบบใŒ่ชฐใจ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€็งใŒใ€Œ่จ€ใ†ใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟใ†ใจใ
03:52
know who the person is talking to. So "Billy said that you were kissing at school." Okay?
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ใ€ใใฎไบบใŒ่ชฐใซๅ‘ใ‹ใฃใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€Œใƒ“ใƒชใƒผ ใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒๅญฆๆ กใงใ‚ญใ‚นใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
03:59
"Said" -- it doesn't say "me". It doesn't say "said me". It just says "said". Okay?
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ใ€Œ่จ€ใฃใŸใ€ - ใ€Œ็งใ€ใจใฏ่จ€ใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ€Œ่จ€ใฃใŸใ€ใจใฏ่จ€ใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ€Œ่จ€ใฃใŸใ€ใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
04:06
So we don't know who the person is talking to. Obviously, he's probably talking to me,
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ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ใใฎไบบใŒ่ชฐใจ่ฉฑ ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ๆ˜Žใ‚‰ใ‹ใซใ€ๅฝผใฏใŠใใ‚‰ใ็งใซ่ฉฑใ—ใ‹ใ‘ใฆ
04:11
but it doesn't say that here, so I need to use "said". Okay?
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ใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใ“ใงใฏใใ†ใฏ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใชใ„ ใฎใงใ€"said" ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
04:19
Now, some interesting verbs to make your writing a bit more fluent, a bit more interesting
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๆ–‡็ซ  ใ‚’ใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ—ๆตๆšขใซใ—ใ€
04:26
to read. I could use "inform". Okay? This is just going to take -- so if I'm using reported
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่ชญใ‚€ใฎใ‚’ใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ—้ข็™ฝใใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใฎใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎ่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„ๅ‹•่ฉž. ใ€Œ็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใ›ใ‚‹ใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ“ใ‚Œใซใฏๆ™‚้–“ ใŒใ‹ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ ฑๅ‘Šใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใƒใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏ
04:34
speech, remember I'm going to put it into the past. So here, it's a regular verb, so
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ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’้ŽๅŽปใซๅ…ฅใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใ„ใง ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใงใฏ่ฆๅ‰‡ๅ‹•่ฉžใชใฎใง
04:38
I'll add -ed. "Billy informed me that he was going to be late for my lesson." We've already
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-edใ‚’ใคใ‘ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œใƒ“ใƒชใƒผใฏ็งใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใซ้…ๅˆปใ™ใ‚‹ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใ ใจ็งใซ็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใ›ใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚ใ€ ็งใŸใกใฏ
04:45
done "said". "Billy said that he was feeling sick." "Billy answered with the correct answer."
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ใ™ใงใซใ€Œ่จ€ใฃใŸใ€ใ“ใจใ‚’ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ€Œใƒ“ใƒชใƒผใฏๆฐ—ๅˆ†ใŒๆ‚ชใ„ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚ใ€ ใ€Œใƒ“ใƒชใƒผใฏๆญฃ่งฃใง็ญ”ใˆใŸใ€‚ใ€
04:52
Okay? So this is regular. I'm going to add in my -ed. "Billy reported to me that Sandra
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅฎš็•ชใ€‚ -ed ใซ่ฟฝๅŠ  ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œใƒ“ใƒชใƒผใฏใ€ใ‚ตใƒณใƒ‰ใƒฉใฎ่กŒๅ„€ใŒๆ‚ชใ„ใจ็งใซๅ ฑๅ‘Šใ—ใพใ—ใŸ
05:00
was behaving badly." You're a naughty girl, Sandra. Billy has reported you. Now, this
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ใ€‚ใ€ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ‚„ใ‚“ใกใ‚ƒใชๅฅณใฎๅญใญใ€ ใ‚ตใƒณใƒ‰ใƒฉใ€‚ ใƒ“ใƒชใƒผใŒใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ๅ ฑๅ‘Šใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€
05:07
one's going to go irregular, "reply". "Billy replied that the lunch was disgusting." Okay.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ‚คใƒฌใ‚ฎใƒฅใƒฉใƒผใซใชใ‚‹ใ€Œใƒชใƒ—ใƒฉใ‚คใ€ใ€‚ ใ€Œใƒ“ใƒชใƒผ ใฏๆ˜ผ้ฃŸใŒๆฐ—ๆŒใกๆ‚ชใ„ใจ็ญ”ใˆใŸใ€‚ใ€ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
05:16
How do we form this? Well, we take off the Y and put -ed, -ied. "Billy replied that the
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๅฝขๆˆใ—ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ Y ใ‚’ๅค–ใ—ใฆ -ed, -ied ใจใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œใƒ“ใƒชใƒผใฏ
05:25
lunch was disgusting." Now, "respond". This is regular. "Billy responded that he was happy
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ๆ˜ผ้ฃŸใŒๆฐ—ๆŒใกๆ‚ชใ„ใจ็ญ”ใˆใŸใ€‚ใ€ ใงใฏใ€ใ€ŒใŠ่ฟ”ไบ‹ใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ ๅฎšๆœŸ็š„ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œใƒ“ใƒชใƒผใฏใ€
05:33
to be alive" -- -ed, okay? I'm playing around here. So "suggest" is going to be -ed and
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็”Ÿใใฆใ„ใฆใ‚ˆใ‹ใฃใŸใจ็ญ”ใˆใŸใ€ -- -ใ‚จใƒ‰ใ€ๅคงไธˆๅคซ๏ผŸ ใ“ใฎ่พบใง้Šใ‚“ใง ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ€Œๆๆกˆใ€ใฏใ€Œ-edใ€ใซใชใ‚Šใ€
05:42
"persuade", -ed. What do these mean? "Inform" means "give information". You know what "said"
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ใ€Œ่ชฌๅพ—ใ€ใฏใ€Œ-edใ€ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏใฉใ†ใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ€Œ็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใ›ใ‚‹ใ€ใจ ใฏใ€Œๆƒ…ๅ ฑใ‚’ไธŽใˆใ‚‹ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ€Œ่จ€ใฃใŸใ€ใŒไฝ•ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„
05:47
is. "Answer", question, answer. "Report", like, report, give some information again.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œ็ญ”ใˆใ€ใ€่ณชๅ•ใ€็ญ”ใˆใ€‚ ใ€Œใƒฌใƒใƒผใƒˆใ€ ใ€ใƒฌใƒใƒผใƒˆใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆๆƒ…ๅ ฑใ‚’ๆไพ›ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:54
"Reply" is question, answer. "Respond" is just answer. "Suggest" is like -- it's like
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ใ€Œๅ›ž็ญ”ใ€ใฏ่ณชๅ•ใ€ๅ›ž็ญ”ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œ็ญ”ใˆใ‚‹ใ€ ใฏใŸใ ใฎ็ญ”ใˆใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œๆๆกˆใ€ใฏใ•ใ•ใ‚„ใใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎ
06:00
a whisper. "I suggested to the bus driver that he put his foot on the accelerator."
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ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œ็งใฏใƒใ‚นใฎ้‹่ปข ๆ‰‹ใซใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒซใ‚’่ธใ‚€ใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆๆกˆใ—ใŸ.ใ€
06:08
"Suggest" -- it's an idea, a suggestion. And "persuade" is when you're persuading, "Come
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ใ€Œๆๆกˆใ€ -- ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ขใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ขใ€ๆๆกˆใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆ ใ€Œ่ชฌๅพ—ใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใจใฏใ€ใ€Œ
06:14
on, everybody. Make sure you do the quiz after this. You know where to find it, www.engvid.com."
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ใ•ใ‚ใ€็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใ€‚ใ“ใฎๅพŒใซๅฟ…ใšใ‚ฏใ‚คใ‚บใ‚’ใ‚„ใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚ใฉใ“ใง่ฆ‹ใคใ‘ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‹็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‚ˆใ€www.engvid.comใ€ใจ่ชฌๅพ—ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใงใ™ใ€‚
06:20
That is the end of today's lesson. Please remember to subscribe to my YouTube channel,
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ใ“ใ‚ŒใงไปŠๆ—ฅใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใฏ็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚ ็งใฎ YouTube ใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซใซ็™ป้Œฒใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
06:26
and if you need a bit of extra help, go to -- what is it? Exquisite English, a Facebook
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ใ•ใ‚‰ใซใ‚ตใƒใƒผใƒˆใŒๅฟ…่ฆใชๅ ดๅˆ ใฏใ€ไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹? ใซใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใ‚นใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ็ตถๅฆ™ใช่‹ฑ่ชžใ€Facebook
06:32
page. That's my page. Well done. Hope you remember this. Direct speech -- remember using
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ใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใ€‚ ใใ‚ŒใŒ็งใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใงใ™ใ€‚ ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ ่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ็›ดๆŽฅๆผ”่ชฌ -- ้€†ใ‚ณใƒณใƒžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„
06:37
the inverted commas. Present tense, reported speech, in the past. And we often use "said
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ใ€‚ ้ŽๅŽปใฎ็พๅœจๆ™‚ๅˆถใ€ๅ ฑๅ‘Šใ•ใ‚ŒใŸ ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใƒใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€็งใŸใกใฏใ—ใฐใ—ใฐใ€Œ่จ€ใฃ
06:43
that" or one of these interesting verbs. Well done. Good concentration. See you next time.
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ใŸใ€ใพใŸใฏใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„ๅ‹•่ฉžใฎ1ใคใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™. ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ€‚ ่‰ฏใ„้›†ไธญใ€‚ ใพใŸใญใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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