Is 'ough' the Trickiest Sound in English? | English Spelling & Prounciation Lesson

28,912 views ・ 2021-09-20

BBC Learning English


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ²ˆμ—­λœ μžλ§‰μ€ 기계 λ²ˆμ—­λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

00:07
Hi. Look, I'm really sorry about this, but as you probably know,
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μ•ˆλ…•. 이것에 λŒ€ν•΄ 정말 μœ κ°μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€ 만, μ•„λ§ˆ μ•„μ‹œλ‹€μ‹œν”Ό,
00:12
the way we spell things in English is not always the way we say them.
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ˜μ–΄λ‘œ 철자λ₯Ό μ“°λŠ” 방식이 항상 μš°λ¦¬κ°€ λ§ν•˜λŠ” 방식은 μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€. 예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄ ough와 같은
00:19
Take these four letters, for example, o u g h.
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λ„€ κΈ€μžλ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€ .
00:25
How do we pronounce them? Well, it all depends.
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μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ λ°œμŒν•©λ‹ˆκΉŒ? κΈ€μŽ„, 그것은 λͺ¨λ‘ 달렀 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:29
Put a 't' at the end and we have'ought'.
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끝에 't'λ₯Ό 뢙이면 ' ν•΄μ•Ό ν•œλ‹€'κ°€ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:33
So, o u g h is pronounced [aw]
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λ”°λΌμ„œ oughλŠ” [aw]둜 λ°œμŒλ˜μ§€λ§Œ
00:37
But put a 't' at the beginning and it's 'tough'.
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맨 μ•žμ— 't'λ₯Ό 뢙이면 'tough'κ°€ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:41
o u g h is now pronounced [uff].
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o ug hλŠ” 이제 [uff]둜 λ°œμŒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:47
So far so bad!
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μ§€κΈˆκΉŒμ§€ λ„ˆλ¬΄ λ‚˜λΉ !
00:48
But now let's add one more letter to make 'though'.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 이제 'κ·Έλž˜λ„'λ₯Ό λ§Œλ“€κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ ν•œ κΈ€μžλ₯Ό 더 μΆ”κ°€ν•΄ λ΄…μ‹œλ‹€.
00:51
o u g h is [o]
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o u gh is [o]
00:55
Again, one more letter, r, makes 'through'.
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λ‹€μ‹œ ν•œ κΈ€μž r이 'through'λ₯Ό λ§Œλ“­λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:01
o u g h is [ew]
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o u g h is [ew]
01:04
Can we keep going?
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계속 해도 λ κΉŒμš”?
01:05
Yes we can.
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그래 μš°λ¦¬λŠ” ν•  μˆ˜μžˆμ–΄.
01:06
Β  Let's add another letter, o, we have thorough.
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λ‹€λ₯Έ 문자λ₯Ό μΆ”κ°€ν•©μ‹œλ‹€. o, μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ² μ €ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:12
o u g h is now [u].
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o u ghλŠ” 이제 [u]μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:16
Β  OK, add one more letter and,
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μ’‹μ•„μš”, ν•œ κΈ€μžλ§Œ 더 μΆ”κ°€ν•˜λ©΄ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€
01:19
actually that's it. We can't extend any further with just one letter.
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. ν•œ κΈ€μžλ§ŒμœΌλ‘œλŠ” 더 이상 ν™•μž₯ν•  수 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:24
But you see the point,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ
01:25
Β  the same letters pronounced five different ways.
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같은 κΈ€μžκ°€ λ‹€μ„― 가지 λ‹€λ₯Έ λ°©μ‹μœΌλ‘œ λ°œμŒλœλ‹€λŠ” 점을 μ•Œ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:30
Five!
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λ‹€μ„―! 그것이
01:31
Β  You know that's not the end of it.
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끝이 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌλŠ” 것을 μ•Œκ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:34
Depending on what part of the English speaking world you come from,
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01:37
there are around 11 different ways of pronouncing o u g h.
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ug hλ₯Ό λ°œμŒν•˜λŠ” 방법은 11가지 정도가 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:43
Eleven!
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μ—΄ν•˜λ‚˜!
01:45
Why is this?
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μ™œ μ΄λŸ°κ±°μ•Ό?
01:46
Well, a long time ago, the way we spelt things wasn't really fixed.
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κΈ€μŽ„, 였래 전에 μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 철자λ₯Ό μ“°λŠ” 방식은 μ‹€μ œλ‘œ κ³ μ •λ˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:52
So people wrote things down the way they thought they sounded.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ μ†Œλ¦¬κ°€ λ‚œλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•˜λŠ” λŒ€λ‘œ 글을 μΌμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:56
Gradually over time, the spellings became fixed,
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02:00
particularly after the printing press was invented in the 15th century.
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특히 15세기에 인쇄기가 발λͺ…λœ 이후 점차 μ‹œκ°„μ΄ 지남에 따라 μ² μžκ°€ κ³ μ •λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:05
Unfortunately, although spellings were fixed,
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λΆˆν–‰ν•˜κ²Œλ„ μ² μžλŠ” μˆ˜μ •λ˜μ—ˆμ§€λ§Œ
02:09
something called The Great Vowel Shift was happening.
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The Great Vowel ShiftλΌλŠ” 일이 μΌμ–΄λ‚˜κ³  μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:13
This was a period of about two hundred years
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이것은
02:15
when for a number of reasons, the way we pronounced vowels in English
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μ—¬λŸ¬ 가지 이유둜 μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ˜μ–΄μ—μ„œ λͺ¨μŒμ„ λ°œμŒν•˜λŠ” 방식이
02:19
completely changed.
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μ™„μ „νžˆ λ°”λ€Œμ—ˆλ˜ μ•½ 200λ…„μ˜ κΈ°κ°„μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:21
I know, crazy, huh?
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μ•Œμ•„, 미친, 응?
02:24
Β  So how does this help us today?
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이것이 μ˜€λŠ˜λ‚  μš°λ¦¬μ—κ²Œ μ–΄λ–€ 도움이 λ©λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
02:29
Well, to be honest, not at all.
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μ†”μ§νžˆ λ§ν•΄μ„œ μ „ν˜€ 그렇지 μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:33
But don't panic.
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ λ‹Ήν™©ν•˜μ§€ λ§ˆμ‹­μ‹œμ˜€. μ–΄μ¨Œκ±°λ‚˜
02:35
There aren't actually that many o u g h words anyway,
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μ‹€μ œλ‘œ κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ λ§Žμ€ o u g h 단어가 μžˆλŠ” 것은 μ•„λ‹ˆλ©°,
02:39
and most of those are quite common. So you may already know them.
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κ·Έ 쀑 λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ€ 맀우 μΌλ°˜μ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 당신은 이미 그듀을 μ•Œκ³ μžˆμ„ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:44
Are there any rules if you come across a word you don't know?
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λͺ¨λ₯΄λŠ” 단어가 λ‚˜μ˜€λ©΄ κ·œμΉ™μ΄ μžˆλ‚˜μš”?
02:50
Well, some guidelines, but not really rules.
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λͺ‡ 가지 지침이 μžˆμ§€λ§Œ μ‹€μ œλ‘œ κ·œμΉ™μ€ μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:54
If a word ends in o u g h t then it is more than likely pronounced [awt]:
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단어가 oug ht둜 λλ‚˜λ©΄ [awt]둜 발음될 κ°€λŠ₯성이 λ†’μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
03:01
thought, bought, brought, fought, ought, nought, sought.
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.
03:10
If it's two syllables and ends in o u g h,
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두 음절 이고 o u g h둜 λλ‚˜λ©΄
03:14
it's probably [u]: thorough, borough.
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μ•„λ§ˆλ„ [u]: μ² μ €ν•œ, 자치ꡬ일 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:20
Other than that, the best way of finding out the pronunciation
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κ·Έ 외에 λ°œμŒμ„ μ°ΎλŠ” κ°€μž₯ 쒋은 방법은
03:24
is to use a dictionary because with 11 different possibilities,
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사전을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
03:28
you might guess the right one, but the odds are not great.
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.
03:33
For example, and this is completely true, when researching this topic,
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예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄, 이것은 μ™„μ „νžˆ μ‚¬μ‹€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 이 주제λ₯Ό 쑰사할 λ•Œ
03:38
I came across an English word I hadn't seen before. S o u g h.
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이전에 λ³Έ 적이 μ—†λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ 단어λ₯Ό λ°œκ²¬ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ‘€μš°.
03:47
It's a verb which means to make a soft whistling sound
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03:51
like the wind blowing through the trees.
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λ°”λžŒμ΄ λ‚˜λ¬΄ μ‚¬μ΄λ‘œ λΆ€λŠ” κ²ƒμ²˜λŸΌ λΆ€λ“œλŸ¬μš΄ 휘파람 μ†Œλ¦¬λ₯Ό λ‚΄λŠ” λ™μ‚¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:57
I said a soft whistling sound!
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λ‚˜λŠ” λΆ€λ“œλŸ¬μš΄ 휘파람 μ†Œλ¦¬λ₯Ό λ§ν–ˆλ‹€!
04:03
That's better.
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그게 λ‚«λ‹€.
04:06
Β  But how to pronounce it?
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그런데 μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ λ°œμŒν•΄μ•Ό ν• κΉŒμš”?
04:08
Was it sough like dough, sough like cough, sough like rough,
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반죽처럼 λ”±λ”±ν•΄μ‘Œλ‚˜μš”, κΈ°μΉ¨
04:16
sough like plough, sough like through, sough like hiccough?
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처럼 λ”±λ”±ν•΄μ‘Œλ‚˜μš”?
04:24
I guessed sough like cough.
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λ‚˜λŠ” κΈ°μΉ¨κ³Ό 같은 기침을 μΆ”μΈ‘ν–ˆλ‹€.
04:27
Was it a good guess?
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쒋은 μΆ”μΈ‘μ΄μ—ˆλ‚˜μš”?
04:29
Nope!
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μ•„λ‹ˆμš”!
04:30
Annoyingly it can actually be pronounced two different ways,
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μ„±κ°€μ‹œκ²Œλ„ μ‹€μ œλ‘œ 두 가지 λ‹€λ₯Έ λ°©μ‹μœΌλ‘œ 발음될 수
04:35
but neither of them the way I guessed.
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μžˆμ§€λ§Œ λ‘˜ λ‹€ λ‚΄κ°€ μΆ”μΈ‘ν•œ 방식은 μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:38
If you want to know the correct way, you'll have to do what I did.
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μ˜¬λ°”λ₯Έ 방법을 μ•Œκ³  μ‹Άλ‹€λ©΄ λ‚΄κ°€ ν•œ 일을 ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:42
Look it up. It's the best way. Bye.
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찾아봐. κ°€μž₯ 쒋은 λ°©λ²•μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ•ˆλ…•.
04:48
You didn't really think I'd go without telling you.
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당신은 λ‚΄κ°€ λ‹Ήμ‹ μ—κ²Œ λ§ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šκ³  갈 것이라고 μ •λ§λ‘œ μƒκ°ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:51
If you've stayed this long. I think you deserve the answer.
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μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ 였래 λ¨Έλ¬Όλ €λ‹€λ©΄. λ‚˜λŠ” 당신이 닡을 받을 자격이 μžˆλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:55
It's sough like plough or even sough like rough.
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그것은 μŸκΈ°μ™€ κ°™ κ±°λ‚˜ 거친 것과 κ°™μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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