Restoring trust in science - 6 Minute English

93,531 views ใƒป 2022-06-30

BBC Learning English


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:07
Hello. This is 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English.
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. BBC Learning English์˜ 6๋ถ„ ์˜์–ด ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:11
Iโ€™m Sam. And Iโ€™m Rob.
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์ €๋Š” ์ƒ˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ๋กญ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:13
Once in a while along comes a scientist who captures theย 
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๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ
00:16
public imagination and communicatesย 
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๋Œ€์ค‘์˜ ์ƒ์ƒ๋ ฅ์„ ํฌ์ฐฉํ•˜๊ณ 
00:19
their passion for science in an exciting and understandable way.
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๊ณผํ•™์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์—ด์ •์„ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กญ๊ณ  ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‰ฌ์šด ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณผํ•™์ž๊ฐ€ ๋“ฑ์žฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:23
In this programme, weโ€™ll be meeting one of Americaโ€™s best-knownย 
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์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ž˜ ์•Œ๋ ค์ง„ ์œ ๋ช…ํ•œ ๊ณผํ•™์ž ์ค‘ ํ•œ ๋ช…์„ ๋งŒ๋‚  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:27
popular scientists. Astronomer Neil deGrasse Tyson. Heโ€™s a man with aย 
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. ์ฒœ๋ฌธํ•™์ž ๋‹ ๋”” ๊ทธ๋ž˜์Šค ํƒ€์ด์Šจ. ๊ทธ๋Š” ์šฐ์ฃผ์˜ ๊ธฐ์›๊ณผ ๋ณธ์งˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ธ ์šฐ์ฃผ๋ก ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์ฑ…๊ณผ ํ…”๋ ˆ๋น„์ „ ์‡ผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ
00:32
gift for communicating and inspiring people with his television shows andย 
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์†Œํ†ตํ•˜๊ณ  ์˜๊ฐ์„ ์ฃผ๋Š” ์žฌ๋Šฅ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:36
books on cosmology โ€“ the study of the origin and nature of the universe.
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.
00:41
In his day job he runs the Hayden Planetarium in New Yorkโ€™s Americanย 
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์ผ์ƒ ์—…๋ฌด์—์„œ ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋‰ด์š•์˜ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ
00:45
Museum of Natural History, but Neilโ€™s real mission is to encourageย 
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์ž์—ฐ์‚ฌ ๋ฐ•๋ฌผ๊ด€์—์„œ Hayden ์ฒœ๋ฌธ๊ด€์„ ์šด์˜ ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ Neil์˜ ์ง„์ •ํ•œ ์ž„๋ฌด๋Š” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋Œ€์ค‘์˜ ๊ณผํ•™์  ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋ฅผ ์žฅ๋ คํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:49
scientific thinking among the American public.
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00:52
Weโ€™ll be hearing from the famous astronomer, and learningย 
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ณง ์œ ๋ช…ํ•œ ์ฒœ๋ฌธํ•™์ž์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋“ฃ๊ณ 
00:55
some new vocabulary, soon. But first I have a questionย 
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋จผ์ € Sam์—๊ฒŒ ์งˆ๋ฌธ
00:58
for you, Sam. Science is ever-changing with new discoveries updating ourย 
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์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณผํ•™์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ดํ•ด๋ฅผ ์—…๋ฐ์ดํŠธํ•˜๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ์œผ๋กœ ๋Š์ž„์—†์ด ๋ณ€ํ™”
01:03
understanding all the time. For centuries, the Earth wasย 
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ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ˆ˜์„ธ๊ธฐ ๋™์•ˆ ์ง€๊ตฌ
01:07
thought to be the centre of the Universe - but who was theย 
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๋Š” ์šฐ์ฃผ์˜ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
01:10
first astronomer to have the correct idea that,ย 
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01:13
in fact, the Earth and the planets revolve around theย 
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ์ง€๊ตฌ์™€ ํ–‰์„ฑ์ด ํƒœ์–‘ ์ฃผ์œ„๋ฅผ ๋ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์ตœ์ดˆ์˜ ์ฒœ๋ฌธํ•™์ž๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ
01:16
Sun? Was it a) Nicolaus Copernicusย 
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? a) ๋‹ˆ์ฝœ๋ผ์šฐ์Šค ์ฝ”ํŽ˜๋ฅด๋‹ˆ์ฟ ์Šค
01:19
b) Isaac Newton c) Galileo Galilei
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b) ์•„์ด์ž‘ ๋‰ดํ„ด c) ๊ฐˆ๋ฆด๋ ˆ์˜ค ๊ฐˆ๋ฆด๋ ˆ์ด
01:23
Hmm, Iโ€™ll say it was c) Galileo.
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ํ , c) ๊ฐˆ๋ฆด๋ ˆ์˜ค๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:26
OK, Sam. Iโ€™ll reveal the correct answer later in the programme.ย 
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์ข‹์•„, ์ƒ˜. ์ •๋‹ต์€ ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์—์„œ ๊ณต๊ฐœํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:30
Recent events likeย 
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01:31
the Covid pandemic and climate crisis have put scientists underย 
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์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜19 ๋Œ€์œ ํ–‰ ๋ฐ ๊ธฐํ›„ ์œ„๊ธฐ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ตœ๊ทผ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ์ •์น˜์  ๊ฒฌํ•ด์—
01:35
pressure from critics motivated by political views. Neil deGrasseย 
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์˜ํ•ด ๋™๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ถ€์—ฌ๋ฐ›์€ ๋น„ํ‰๊ฐ€๋“ค์˜ ์••๋ ฅ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . Neil
01:39
Tyson thinks facts are not dependent on politics,ย 
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deGrasse Tyson์€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ์ •์น˜์— ์˜์กดํ•˜๋Š”
01:43
but should be established with the scientific method, aย 
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๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
01:46
process of finding the truth through testing and experimentation.
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๊ฒ€์ฆ๊ณผ ์‹คํ—˜์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ง„์‹ค์„ ์ฐพ๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์ธ ๊ณผํ•™์  ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ์ •๋ฆฝ๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:50
Hereโ€™s Neil explaining more about theย 
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๋‹ค์Œ์€ Neil
01:52
scientific method to BBC World Service programme, HardTalk.
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์ด BBC World Service ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ธ HardTalk์˜ ๊ณผํ•™์  ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ž์„ธํžˆ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:57
If you have a brilliant idea and you test it and it unearths soย 
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๊ธฐ๋ฐœํ•œ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ…Œ์ŠคํŠธํ•˜์—ฌ
02:01
much of what has been known before, weโ€™re gonna double-check thatย 
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์ด์ „์— ์•Œ๋ ค์ง„ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ
02:04
โ€“ the rest of us โ€“ weโ€™ll say, โ€˜But did he do it? Did he crossย 
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ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” 'ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
02:07
his tโ€™s and dot his iโ€™s? Did he โ€ฆ Let me check the powerย 
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t์™€ i์— ์ ์„ ์ฐ์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”? ๊ทธ๋Š”...
02:10
thatโ€™s driving his experiment, you know, the wall current,ย 
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๊ทธ์˜ ์‹คํ—˜์„ ์ฃผ๋„ํ•˜๋Š” ํž˜ , ๋ฒฝ ์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ
02:14
let me check how that was conceived and doneโ€™.ย 
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ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ณ ์•ˆ๋˜๊ณ  ์ˆ˜ํ–‰๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .'
02:16
And if no-one can duplicate your results, itโ€™s not a result.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์•„๋ฌด๋„ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ณต์ œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:21
Before scientists can confirm the truth of an experiment,ย 
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๊ณผํ•™์ž๊ฐ€ ์‹คํ—˜์˜ ์ง„์‹ค์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์—
02:24
their findings must be doubled-checked - making certainย 
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๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•œ ๋‚ด์šฉ
02:27
something is correct by carefully examining it again. Thisย 
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์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ™•์ธํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด
02:32
process is called โ€˜peer reviewโ€™ - other scientists double-checkingย 
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๊ณผ์ •์„ '๋™๋ฃŒ ๊ฒ€ํ† '๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰
02:36
the experiment to make sure everything was done correctly.ย 
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๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‹คํ—˜์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ™•์ธ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:40
One way they do this is to duplicate, or repeat, theย 
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์ด๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• ์€ ์‹คํ—˜์„ ๋ณต์ œํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ฐ˜๋ณต
02:43
experiment to see if they get the same result.
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ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋™์ผํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์–ป๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:46
In other words, Neil wants scientists to have crossedย 
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•ด, Neil์€ ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์ด
02:49
the tโ€™s and dotted the iโ€™s, a phrase which means payingย 
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t์— ๊ต์ฐจํ•˜๊ณ  i์— ์ ์„ ์ฐ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์›ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ
02:53
attention to the small details of whatever you are doing.
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๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•˜๋“ ์ง€ ๊ฐ„์— ์ž‘์€ ์„ธ๋ถ€ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์— ์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์šธ์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:57
A scientific approach requires an open mind and critical thinking,ย 
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๊ณผํ•™์  ์ ‘๊ทผ ๋ฐฉ์‹ ์—๋Š” ์—ด๋ฆฐ ๋งˆ์Œ๊ณผ ๋น„ํŒ์  ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”
03:02
but Neil believes the most important thing is to know the differenceย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ Neil์€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค๊ณผ ์˜๊ฒฌ์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ์•„๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:05
between fact and opinion. People have opinions about all kindsย 
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. ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์˜๊ฒฌ
03:09
of things but that doesnโ€™t make what they believe a fact.
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์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋ฏฟ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ฌ์‹ค๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:13
Yet fact and opinion are becoming harder to separate. As protests byย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์‚ฌ์‹ค๊ณผ ์˜๊ฒฌ ์„ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•˜๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ ์  ๋” ์–ด๋ ค์›Œ์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:18
anti-vaccine groups and climate change deniers have shown, many Americans,ย 
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๋ฐฑ์‹  ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ ๋‹จ์ฒด์™€ ๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ณ€ํ™” ๊ฑฐ๋ถ€๋ก ์ž๋“ค์˜ ํ•ญ์˜์—์„œ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋“ฏ์ด ๋งŽ์€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ,
03:23
even presidents, seem suspicious of scientific fact. Itโ€™s a worrying trendย 
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น๊นŒ์ง€๋„ ๊ณผํ•™์  ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์˜์‹ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
03:29
that Neil thinks is a result of the US education system,ย 
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Neil์ด
03:33
as he told BBC World Service programme, HardTalk.
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BBC World Service ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ธ HardTalk์—์„œ ๋งํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๊ต์œก ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฑฑ์ •์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ์ถ”์„ธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:38
It has to do with how scienceย 
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ•™๊ต์—์„œ ๊ณผํ•™์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ
03:39
is taught in schools. Itโ€™s currently taught as a body of information,ย 
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์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ˜„์žฌ ์ •๋ณด์˜ ์ง‘ํ•ฉ์ฒด,
03:44
a satchel of facts that are imparted upon you and then you regurgitateย 
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์ฆ‰ ๊ท€ํ•˜์—๊ฒŒ ์ „๋‹ฌ๋œ ํ›„ ์‹œํ—˜์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์—ญ๋ฅ˜์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์˜ ๊ฐ€๋ฐฉ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:49
that for an exam. Thatโ€™s an aspect of science, but itโ€™s not the mostย 
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. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ณผํ•™์˜ ํ•œ ์ธก๋ฉด ์ด์ง€๋งŒ ๊ณผํ•™์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ
03:53
important part of science. The most important part of scienceย 
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์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณผํ•™์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ
03:56
is knowing how to question things and knowing whenย 
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์— ์งˆ๋ฌธํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• ์„ ์•„๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ์ด ์„ธ์ƒ์—
04:00
an answer has emerged that represents an objective truth about this world.
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๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐ๊ด€์ ์ธ ์ง„์‹ค์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ๋‹ต์ด ์–ธ์ œ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•„๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:06
Neil says that science is taught by encouraging students to regurgitateย 
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Neil์€ ๊ณผํ•™ ์€ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์—ญ๋ฅ˜ํ•˜๋„๋ก,
04:10
facts - to repeat information without properly understanding it.
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์ฆ‰ ์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ ์ฑ„ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜๋„๋ก ๊ฒฉ๋ คํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ๋ฐฐ์šด๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:14
Knowledge is important,ย 
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์ง€์‹๋„ ์ค‘์š”
04:16
but whatโ€™s also needed is a questioning attitude than canย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
04:19
recognise objective truth - a truth about the natural worldย 
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04:24
which is not influenced by human bias, opinions or emotion.ย 
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์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ํŽธ๊ฒฌ, ์˜๊ฒฌ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฐ์ •์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฐ›์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์ž์—ฐ๊ณ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐ๊ด€์ ์ธ ์ง„์‹ค์„ ์ธ์‹ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์งˆ๋ฌธํ•˜๋Š” ํƒœ๋„๋„ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:29
Without that, anyone is free to call whateverย 
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ ์—†์ด๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋‚˜
04:32
they like a โ€˜factโ€™, which only leads to chaos.
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๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ '์‚ฌ์‹ค'์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ํ˜ผ๋ž€๋งŒ ์ดˆ๋ž˜ํ•  ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:35
Right. No matter how hard I believe that the Moonย 
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์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ. ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์•„๋ฌด๋ฆฌ ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ๋‹ฌ
04:39
is made of cheese, or the Sun goes round around the Earth,ย 
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์ด ์น˜์ฆˆ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์กŒ๋‹ค๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํƒœ์–‘ ์ด ์ง€๊ตฌ ์ฃผ์œ„๋ฅผ ๋ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ 
04:42
believing it doesnโ€™t make it true.
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๋ฏฟ์–ด๋„ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ๋˜์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:44
That sounds like something Neil deGrasse Tyson wouldย 
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Neil deGrasse Tyson์ด
04:46
agree with โ€“ and maybe Galileo too!
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๋™์˜ํ•  ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„๋งˆ๋„ Galileo๋„ ๋™์˜ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
04:49
Yes. In my question I asked who first came up with theย 
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์˜ˆ. ๋‚ด ์งˆ๋ฌธ์—์„œ ์ €๋Š”
04:52
idea that the Earth revolves around the Sun.
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์ง€๊ตฌ ๊ฐ€ ํƒœ์–‘ ์ฃผ์œ„๋ฅผ ๋ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ์ฒ˜์Œ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ƒˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:55
And I said it was Renaissance astronomer, Galileo.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฅด๋„ค์ƒ์Šค ์ฒœ๋ฌธํ•™์ž์ธ ๊ฐˆ๋ฆด๋ ˆ์˜ค๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:59
Which was the wrong answer, Iโ€™m afraid. Galileo knew theย 
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์–ด๋Š ์ชฝ์ด ์˜ค๋‹ต ์ด์—ˆ์„๊นŒ์š”. ์œ ๊ฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐˆ๋ฆด๋ ˆ์˜ค๋Š”
05:04
Earth revolved around the Sun, but the first personย 
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์ง€๊ตฌ ๊ฐ€ ํƒœ์–‘ ์ฃผ์œ„๋ฅผ ๋ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์ด
05:06
with the idea was Polish astronomer, Nicolaus Copernicus,ย 
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์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์ตœ์ดˆ์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ 1543๋…„์— ํด๋ž€๋“œ ์ฒœ๋ฌธํ•™์ž ๋‹ˆ์ฝœ๋ผ์šฐ์Šค ์ฝ”ํŽ˜๋ฅด๋‹ˆ์ฟ ์Šค
05:11
in 1543 โ€“ unfortunately, centuries before the invention of televisionย 
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์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ถˆํ–‰ํ•˜๊ฒŒ๋„ ํ…”๋ ˆ๋น„์ „์ด ๋ฐœ๋ช…๋˜๊ธฐ ๋ช‡ ์„ธ๊ธฐ ์ „
05:16
could spread the news of this objective truth โ€“ a provableย 
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์ด ๊ฐ๊ด€์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‰ด์Šค
05:20
truth which is uninfluenced by human bias or opinion.
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๋ฅผ ํผ๋œจ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ํŽธ๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ.
05:24
OK, letโ€™s recap the rest of the vocabulary from our chatย 
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์ž,
05:27
about American scientist Neil deGrasse Tyson and hisย 
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๊ณผํ•™์ž Neil deGrasse Tyson
05:32
love of cosmology - the study of the Universe.
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๊ณผ ์šฐ์ฃผ๋ก ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ทธ์˜ ์• ์ •, ์ฆ‰ ์šฐ์ฃผ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์ฑ„ํŒ…์˜ ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ์š”์•ฝํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:35
To double-check something means to make certain itโ€™s correct byย 
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๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ™•์ธํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‹ ์ค‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์žฌ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜์—ฌ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธ
05:38
carefully re-examining it. One way scientists do this is toย 
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ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์ด ์ด๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ์‹คํ—˜์„
05:42
duplicate, or repeat exactly, an experiment.
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๋ณต์ œํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:46
The idiom โ€˜cross the tโ€™s and dot the iโ€™sโ€™ means to pay closeย 
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'cross the t's and dot the i's' ๊ด€์šฉ๊ตฌ
05:50
attention to the details of what you are doing.
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๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ์˜ ์„ธ๋ถ€ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์— ์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์šธ์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:53
And finally, if you regurgitate facts, you just repeat them withoutย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ, ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์—ญ๋ฅ˜์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ ์ฑ„ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜๋Š”
05:57
properly understanding them โ€“ something a true scientistย 
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๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์ง„์ •ํ•œ ๊ณผํ•™์ž
06:01
would never do!
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๊ฐ€ ์ ˆ๋Œ€ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
06:02
Once again, our six minutes are up. Goodbye for now!
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๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ 6๋ถ„์ด ๋๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์•ˆ๋…•!
06:05
Bye!
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์•ˆ๋…•!
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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