How and why is the environment protected? - BBC Learning English

123,196 views ・ 2021-10-18

BBC Learning English


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ²ˆμ—­λœ μžλ§‰μ€ 기계 λ²ˆμ—­λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

00:00
People are facing a threat we've never faced before:
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ 이전에 ν•œ λ²ˆλ„ μ§λ©΄ν•œ 적이 μ—†λŠ” μœ„ν˜‘μ— 직면해 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ°”λ‘œ
00:04
environmental disasters.
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ν™˜κ²½ μž¬μ•™μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:07
This programme will show you how the law is adapting
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이 ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨μ€ ν™˜κ²½μ„ λ³΄ν˜Έν•¨μœΌλ‘œμ¨
00:10
to keep the world itself safe, by protecting our environment.
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세상 자체λ₯Ό μ•ˆμ „ν•˜κ²Œ μœ μ§€ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ 법이 μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μ μ‘ν•˜κ³  μžˆλŠ”μ§€ λ³΄μ—¬μ€λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
00:15
Does nature have any legal rights?
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μžμ—°μ— 법적 κΆŒλ¦¬κ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
00:19
How can laws developed for humans be adapted to protect nature?
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인간을 μœ„ν•΄ 개발된 법λ₯ μ΄ μžμ—°μ„ λ³΄ν˜Έν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ 적용될 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
00:24
We'll show how laws are increasingly being used to protect our environment.
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ν™˜κ²½μ„ λ³΄ν˜Έν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ 법이 점점 더 많이 μ‚¬μš©λ˜κ³  μžˆμŒμ„ 보여쀄 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:37
The environment is being threatened like never before.
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ν™˜κ²½μ€ κ·Έ μ–΄λŠ λ•Œλ³΄λ‹€ μœ„ν˜‘λ°›κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:41
Human activity is changing the world around us,
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μΈκ°„μ˜ ν™œλ™μ€ 우리 μ£Όλ³€μ˜ 세상을 λ³€ν™”μ‹œν‚€κ³ 
00:45
warming the air and sea.
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곡기와 λ°”λ‹€λ₯Ό λ”°λœ»ν•˜κ²Œ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:49
Extreme floods, droughts and wildfires are increasingly common
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κ·Ήμ‹¬ν•œ ν™μˆ˜, κ°€λ­„ 및 μ‚°λΆˆμ΄ 점점 더 흔해지고
00:54
and affect all continents and oceans.
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있으며 λͺ¨λ“  λŒ€λ₯™κ³Ό 바닀에 영ν–₯을 λ―ΈμΉ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:59
Can the law help?
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법이 도움이 λ κΉŒμš”?
01:02
Laws are basically an agreement between people.
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법은 기본적으둜 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€ μ‚¬μ΄μ˜ ν•©μ˜μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ‚¬λžŒμ΄ μ•„λ‹Œ 것, 예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄ λ‚˜λ¬΄μ™€
01:06
How can you have an agreement with something that's not a person –
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μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ λ™μ˜ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ
01:11
a tree for example?
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?
01:13
We depend on the world around us:
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 우리 μ£Όλ³€μ˜ 세상에 μ˜μ‘΄ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:17
we need clean air, clean water
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ‚΄κΈ° μœ„ν•΄μ„œλŠ” κΉ¨λ—ν•œ 곡기, κΉ¨λ—ν•œ λ¬Ό
01:20
and clean earth to live.
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, κΉ¨λ—ν•œ 땅이 ν•„μš”ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:24
The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
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μ„Έκ³„μΈκΆŒμ„ μ–Έλ¬Έμ€
01:27
says everyone has the right to life and security.
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λͺ¨λ“  μ‚¬λžŒμ΄ 생λͺ…κ³Ό μ•ˆμ „μ„ λˆ„λ¦΄ κΆŒλ¦¬κ°€ μžˆλ‹€κ³  λ§ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ±΄κ°•ν•œ ν™˜κ²½ μ—†μ΄λŠ”
01:31
We can't have either life or security without a healthy environment.
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생λͺ…도 μ•ˆμ „λ„ κ°€μ§ˆ 수 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
01:37
So, that's where the law comes in.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 그것이 법이 λ“€μ–΄μ˜€λŠ” κ³³μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:40
Environmental laws started really being developed
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ν™˜κ²½λ²•μ€
01:43
in the middle of the last century.
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μ§€λ‚œ μ„ΈκΈ° μ€‘λ°˜μ— μ‹€μ œλ‘œ 개발되기 μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 점점
01:46
With more and more countries agreeing treaties – international agreements –
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더 λ§Žμ€ κ΅­κ°€κ°€ μ‘°μ•½(ꡭ제 ν˜‘μ•½)에 λ™μ˜ν•¨μ— 따라
01:51
there is greater willingness to engage in conversations
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01:55
about how to prevent environmental disasters.
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ν™˜κ²½ μž¬ν•΄λ₯Ό μ˜ˆλ°©ν•˜λŠ” 방법에 λŒ€ν•œ λŒ€ν™”μ— μ°Έμ—¬ν•˜λ €λŠ” μ˜μ§€κ°€ μ»€μ‘ŒμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:00
Rizwana Hasan, a climate lawyer from Bangladesh,
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λ°©κΈ€λΌλ°μ‹œμ˜ κΈ°ν›„ λ³€ν˜Έμ‚¬μΈ Rizwana Hasan은 ν™˜κ²½μ„ μ•ˆμ „ν•˜κ²Œ μ§€ν‚€λŠ”
02:04
explained some of the laws keeping the environment safe.
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λͺ‡ 가지 법λ₯ μ„ μ„€λͺ…ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
02:08
There are UN-sponsored international laws
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02:11
to deal with issues like climate change,
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κΈ°ν›„ λ³€ν™”,
02:14
ozone layer depletion, protection of biological diversity,
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였쑴측 파괴, 생물 λ‹€μ–‘μ„± 보호,
02:18
protection of international watercourses,
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ꡭ제 수둜 보호,
02:20
protection of endangered species,
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λ©Έμ’… μœ„κΈ°μ— μ²˜ν•œ μ’… 보호,
02:23
regulation on persistent organic pollutants.
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μž”λ₯˜μ„± 유기 μ˜€μ—Ό λ¬Όμ§ˆμ— λŒ€ν•œ κ·œμ œμ™€ 같은 문제λ₯Ό 닀루기 μœ„ν•΄ UN이 ν›„μ›ν•˜λŠ” κ΅­μ œλ²•μ΄ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 유럽 β€‹β€‹ν™˜κ²½μ„ λͺ©ν‘œλ‘œ ν•˜λŠ” 유럽 μ—°ν•©κ³Ό 같은
02:26
There are also laws that are made by regional organisations,
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지역 μ‘°μ§μ—μ„œ λ§Œλ“  법λ₯ λ„ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
02:30
like the European Union targeting the European environment.
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.
02:35
Many laws come from global organisations,
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λ§Žμ€ 법λ₯ μ€ κΈ€λ‘œλ²Œ μ‘°μ§μ—μ„œ,
02:38
others from regional bodies like the European Union.
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λ‹€λ₯Έ 법λ₯ μ€ 유럽 μ—°ν•©κ³Ό 같은 지역 κΈ°κ΅¬μ—μ„œ λ‚˜μ˜΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:43
They cover a huge range of areas.
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그듀은 κ΄‘λ²”μœ„ν•œ μ˜μ—­μ„ λ‹€λ£Ήλ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:46
But what kind of laws are they and what power do they have?
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ 그듀은 μ–΄λ–€ μ’…λ₯˜μ˜ 법 이며 μ–΄λ–€ νž˜μ„ 가지고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
02:50
There are soft laws and there are hard laws.
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연성법이 있고 경성법이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:53
Soft laws are mere political commitments; they are not binding.
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연성법은 λ‹¨μˆœν•œ μ •μΉ˜μ  약속일 λΏμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. ꡬ속λ ₯이 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:57
Hard laws are binding: so, if a state ratifies a hard law
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경성법은 ꡬ속λ ₯이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ”°λΌμ„œ μ£Όμ—μ„œ 경성법을 λΉ„μ€€ν•œ
03:02
and then does something that is against
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λ‹€μŒ λ²•μ˜
03:04
the letters and spirits of the law,
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λ‚΄μš©κ³Ό 정신에 λ°˜ν•˜λŠ” 쑰치λ₯Ό μ·¨ν•˜λ©΄
03:07
then you can actually file a case against the state.
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μ‹€μ œλ‘œ μ£Όλ₯Ό μƒλŒ€λ‘œ μ†Œμ†‘μ„ μ œκΈ°ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ . 법λ₯ μ—λŠ”
03:10
There are two main types of law:
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두 가지 μ£Όμš” μœ ν˜•μ΄ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:13
soft laws, which are more like political commitments or aims,
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μ •μΉ˜μ  μ•½μ†μ΄λ‚˜ λͺ©ν‘œμ— 더 κ°€κΉŒμš΄ μ—°μ„±
03:18
and hard laws.
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법과 κ²½μ„±λ²•μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:20
You can be punished for breaking a hard law.
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μ—„κ²©ν•œ 법을 μœ„λ°˜ν•˜λ©΄ μ²˜λ²Œλ°›μ„ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:23
Rizwana explained how environmental law
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RizwanaλŠ”
03:27
features in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.
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세계 인ꢌ μ„ μ–Έμ—μ„œ ν™˜κ²½λ²•μ΄ μ–΄λ–€ 역할을 ν•˜λŠ”μ§€ μ„€λͺ…ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
03:31
In one article, where it says that states have to endeavour
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ν•œ κΈ°μ‚¬μ—μ„œλŠ” κ΅­κ°€κ°€
03:35
to improve all aspects of industrial and environmental hygiene.
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μ‚°μ—… 및 ν™˜κ²½ μœ„μƒμ˜ λͺ¨λ“  츑면을 κ°œμ„ ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ λ…Έλ ₯ν•΄μ•Ό ν•œλ‹€κ³  λ§ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:40
We do have two covenants:
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μš°λ¦¬μ—κ²ŒλŠ” 두 가지 언약이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:42
one covenant deals with the civil and political rights
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ν•˜λ‚˜λŠ” μ‹œλ―ΌκΆŒκ³Ό μ •μΉ˜μ  ꢌ리λ₯Ό 닀루고
03:45
and the other covenant deals with the economic, social and cultural rights.
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λ‹€λ₯Έ ν•˜λ‚˜λŠ” 경제적, μ‚¬νšŒμ , 문화적 ꢌ리λ₯Ό λ‹€λ£Ήλ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:49
They do not expressly talk about environmental rights,
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그듀은 ν™˜κ²½ κΆŒλ¦¬μ— λŒ€ν•΄ λͺ…μ‹œμ μœΌλ‘œ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ§€λ§Œ
03:54
but protection of environment is linked to enjoyment
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ν™˜κ²½ λ³΄ν˜ΈλŠ”
03:58
of your civil, political, social and economic rights.
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μ‹œλ―Όμ , μ •μΉ˜μ , μ‚¬νšŒμ  및 경제적 ꢌ리의 ν–₯μœ μ™€ μ—°κ²°λ˜μ–΄ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:01
Similarly, the enjoyment of your social, political, economic
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λ§ˆμ°¬κ°€μ§€λ‘œ κ·€ν•˜μ˜ μ‚¬νšŒμ , μ •μΉ˜μ , 경제적
04:05
and cultural rights also depend on
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및 문화적 ꢌ리의 ν–₯μœ λŠ”
04:08
your enjoyment of environmental rights.
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ν™˜κ²½ ꢌ리의 ν–₯μœ μ— 달렀 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:11
So, the big human rights laws
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λ”°λΌμ„œ 큰 μΈκΆŒλ²•μ€
04:13
don't actually say very much about the environment.
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μ‹€μ œλ‘œ ν™˜κ²½μ— λŒ€ν•΄ λ§Žμ€ 것을 λ§ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
04:18
But many of your rights depend on it:
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ λ§Žμ€ κΆŒλ¦¬κ°€ 여기에 달렀 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:21
without a safe environment, we couldn't enjoy our rights.
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μ•ˆμ „ν•œ ν™˜κ²½ μ—†μ΄λŠ” ꢌ리λ₯Ό λˆ„λ¦΄ 수 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:26
Are there any laws that give us a safe environment?
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μš°λ¦¬μ—κ²Œ μ•ˆμ „ν•œ ν™˜κ²½μ„ μ œκ³΅ν•˜λŠ” 법이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
04:30
It was this year only, that in March 2021,
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μ˜¬ν•΄μ—λ§Œ 2021λ…„ 3월에
04:34
69 countries have agreed to work together
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69개ꡭ이
04:38
to ensure that there is an international law
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04:41
that will recognise people's right to help the environment.
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ν™˜κ²½ λ³΄ν˜Έμ— λŒ€ν•œ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ˜ ꢌ리λ₯Ό μΈμ •ν•˜λŠ” κ΅­μ œλ²•μ΄ μžˆλ„λ‘ ν˜‘λ ₯ν•˜κΈ°λ‘œ ν•©μ˜ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:45
The work is about to begin. The major obstacle...
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μž‘μ—…μ΄ 곧 μ‹œμž‘λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ°€μž₯ 큰 μž₯애물은...
04:48
the major obstacles remain lack of political commitment.
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κ°€μž₯ 큰 μž₯애물은 μ—¬μ „νžˆ μ •μΉ˜μ  ν—Œμ‹ μ˜ λΆ€μ‘±μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:53
Although there is an agreement to make a law
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04:56
to recognise your right to help the environment,
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ν™˜κ²½μ— 도움을 쀄 수 μžˆλŠ” ꢌ리λ₯Ό μΈμ •ν•˜λŠ” 법을 λ§Œλ“€κΈ°λ‘œ ν•©μ˜ν–ˆμ§€λ§Œ,
05:00
the big problem is getting people to follow it.
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ 그것을 λ”°λ₯΄κ²Œ λ§Œλ“œλŠ” 것이 큰 λ¬Έμ œμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:04
We saw how, despite there not being much law
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ”
05:08
directly about the environment,
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ν™˜κ²½μ— κ΄€ν•œ 직접적인 법λ₯ μ΄ λ§Žμ§€ μ•ŠμŒμ—λ„ λΆˆκ΅¬ν•˜κ³ 
05:11
many of your rights depend on it.
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λ§Žμ€ κΆŒλ¦¬κ°€ ν™˜κ²½ 에 μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μ˜μ‘΄ν•˜λŠ”μ§€ λ³΄μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. ν˜„μ‹€ μ„Έκ³„μ—μ„œ
05:14
Is that enough to help in the real world?
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도움이 λ˜κΈ°μ— μΆ©λΆ„ν•©λ‹ˆκΉŒ ?
05:17
Climate change is harming people now.
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κΈ°ν›„ λ³€ν™”λŠ” μ§€κΈˆ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ—κ²Œ ν•΄λ₯Ό 끼치고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:21
In 2018, more than 35,000 people were forced to flee their homes
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2018λ…„μ—λŠ” 맀일 35,000λͺ… μ΄μƒμ˜ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄
05:27
in the Mekong Delta every day.
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메콩 μ‚Όκ°μ£Όμ—μ„œ 집을 λ– λ‚˜μ•Ό ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:31
The Mekong River is the agricultural heartland of Vietnam
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메콩강은 λ² νŠΈλ‚¨ λ†μ—…μ˜ μ€‘μ‹¬μ§€μ΄μž λ² νŠΈλ‚¨ 인ꡬ
05:35
and home to 20% of the country's population.
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의 20%κ°€ κ±°μ£Όν•˜λŠ” κ³³μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
05:41
But the Mekong river doesn't just flow through Vietnam.
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ 메콩강은 λ² νŠΈλ‚¨μ„ ν†΅ν•΄μ„œλ§Œ 흐λ₯΄λŠ” 것이 μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:45
It starts in the Tibetan plateau,
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ν‹°λ² νŠΈ κ³ μ›μ—μ„œ μ‹œμž‘ν•˜μ—¬
05:48
also going through China, Myanmar,
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쀑ꡭ, λ―Έμ–€λ§ˆ,
05:52
Laos, Thailand and Cambodia.
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라였슀, νƒœκ΅­, 캄보디아λ₯Ό κ±°μ³κ°‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:55
So, to prevent people in Vietnam fleeing their homes,
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λ”°λΌμ„œ λ² νŠΈλ‚¨ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ 집을 λ– λ‚˜λŠ” 것을 막기 μœ„ν•΄μ„œλŠ”
05:59
we need an international agreement.
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ꡭ제적 ν•©μ˜κ°€ ν•„μš”ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:04
Another river, another problem, and a fresh legal approach.
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또 λ‹€λ₯Έ κ°•, 또 λ‹€λ₯Έ 문제, 그리고 μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 법적 μ ‘κ·Ό.
06:09
The Ganges in India: viewed as holy by millions of people,
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μΈλ„μ˜ κ° μ§€μŠ€ κ°•: 수백만 λͺ…μ˜ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ μ‹ μ„±μ‹œ
06:14
but it's also very polluted.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ˜€μ—Όλ„κ°€ μ‹¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:17
To protect it, the river was, for 109 days,
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이λ₯Ό λ³΄ν˜Έν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ 강은 109일 λ™μ•ˆ Uttarakhand 주의 λ²•μ›μ—μ„œ
06:22
declared a legal person by a court in the state of Uttarakhand.
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λ²•μΈμœΌλ‘œ μ„ μ–Έλ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
06:28
It was given the same rights as a child:
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그것은 어린아이와 같은 ꢌ리λ₯Ό λΆ€μ—¬λ°›μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:32
as it couldn't speak for itself, a board was appointed to speak for it.
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슀슀둜 말할 수 μ—†μ—ˆκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ— 그것을 λŒ€λ³€ν•  μœ„μ›νšŒκ°€ μž„λͺ…λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:38
The Government eventually said this couldn't go on,
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μ •λΆ€λŠ”
06:42
as the river went beyond the limits of Uttarakhand.
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강이 Uttarakhand의 경계λ₯Ό λ„˜μ–΄κ°”κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ— κ²°κ΅­ 이것이 계속될 수 μ—†λ‹€κ³  λ§ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:46
So, can the law protect the environment,
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κ·Έλ ‡λ‹€λ©΄ 법이 ν™˜κ²½
06:49
as well as the people who are affected by it?
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κ³Ό 그둜 인해 영ν–₯을 λ°›λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ„ λ³΄ν˜Έν•  수 μžˆμ„κΉŒμš”?
06:53
We spoke to Francesco Sindico,
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ”
06:55
a law professor from the University of Strathclyde,
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06:59
who works on the Climate Change Litigation Initiative,
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κΈ°ν›„ λ³€ν™” μ†Œμ†‘ μ΄λ‹ˆμ…”ν‹°λΈŒ(Climate Change Litigation Initiative)μ—μ„œ μΌν•˜λŠ” Strathclyde λŒ€ν•™μ˜ 법학 ꡐ수인 Francesco Sindicoμ—κ²Œ
07:03
and asked if there were laws directly protecting the environment.
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직접 ν™˜κ²½μ„ λ³΄ν˜Έν•˜λŠ” 법이 μžˆλŠ”μ§€ λ¬Όμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄ κ°•κ³Ό 같은 ν™˜κ²½μ˜ νŠΉμ • 츑면을 λ³΄ν˜Έν•˜λŠ”
07:08
We have a lot of smaller laws, if you want,
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더 μž‘μ€ 법λ₯ μ΄ 많이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:12
that protect specific aspects of the environment –
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07:15
for example, rivers; for example, wetlands or biodiversity –
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예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄ μŠ΅μ§€λ‚˜ 생물닀양성 등이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:20
but there is no such thing as one big law
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ μ „ 세계
07:24
for every single country of the world
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λͺ¨λ“  ꡭ가에 λŒ€ν•΄
07:27
that protects the whole environment.
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전체 ν™˜κ²½μ„ λ³΄ν˜Έν•˜λŠ” ν•˜λ‚˜μ˜ 큰 법은 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:29
Now, having said that, if you think
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이제
07:32
that climate change encapsulates everything,
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κΈ°ν›„ λ³€ν™”κ°€ λͺ¨λ“  것을 μš”μ•½ν•œλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•œλ‹€λ©΄
07:36
then the answer is slightly different.
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λŒ€λ‹΅μ€ μ•½κ°„ λ‹€λ¦…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:38
There is a law called the Paris Agreement
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07:41
that does try to deal with everything.
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λͺ¨λ“  것을 닀루렀고 λ…Έλ ₯ν•˜λŠ” 파리 ν˜‘μ •μ΄λΌλŠ” 법이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:45
There are lots of small laws that deal with specific things,
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νŠΉμ • 사항을 λ‹€λ£¨λŠ” μž‘μ€ 법λ₯ μ΄ 많이 있으며 μ£Όμš” ꡭ제 ν˜‘μ•½μΈ
07:49
and there is also the Paris Agreement on climate change –
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κΈ°ν›„ 변화에 κ΄€ν•œ 파리 ν˜‘μ •λ„ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
07:53
a major international agreement.
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.
07:56
But what does it actually do?
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ μ‹€μ œλ‘œ λ¬΄μ—‡μ„ν•©λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
07:59
So, the Paris Agreement does something very tricky, in a way:
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λ”°λΌμ„œ 파리 ν˜‘μ •μ€ μ–΄λ–€ λ©΄μ—μ„œ 맀우 κΉŒλ‹€λ‘œμš΄ 일을 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:05
it tells the states that they can choose
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그것은 κ΅­κ°€κ°€ ν™˜κ²½μ„
08:10
how to protect their environment and with...
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λ³΄ν˜Έν•˜λŠ” 방법을 선택할 수 있고
08:14
by doing so, climate change.
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κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ ν•¨μœΌλ‘œμ¨ κΈ°ν›„ 변화와 ν•¨κ»˜... 선택할 수 μžˆλ‹€κ³  λ§ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:16
Before the Paris Agreement, international law told countries:
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파리 ν˜‘μ • 이전에 κ΅­μ œλ²•μ€ κ΅­κ°€λ“€μ—κ²Œ μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ λ§ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€:
08:21
'You have to do this!'
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'당신은 이것을 ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€!'
08:23
While now, with the Paris Agreement,
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ν˜„μž¬ 파리 ν˜‘μ •μ„ 톡해
08:25
international law is saying to the countries:
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κ΅­μ œλ²•μ€ κ΅­κ°€λ“€μ—κ²Œ μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ λ§ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:28
'Tell me what you can do
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'당신이 무엇을 ν•  수 μžˆλŠ”μ§€ μ•Œλ €μ£Όμ„Έμš”
08:30
and then we will all work together towards that goal.'
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. 그러면 μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λͺ¨λ‘ κ·Έ λͺ©ν‘œλ₯Ό ν–₯ν•΄ ν•¨κ»˜ 일할 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.'
08:34
The Paris Agreement doesn't set laws or tell countries what to do.
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파리 ν˜‘μ •μ€ 법을 μ •ν•˜κ±°λ‚˜ ꡭ가에 무엇을 ν•΄μ•Ό ν•˜λŠ”μ§€ μ§€μ‹œν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:39
It set goals for climate change,
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그것은 κΈ°ν›„ 변화에 λŒ€ν•œ λͺ©ν‘œλ₯Ό μ„€μ •ν–ˆμ§€λ§Œ
08:42
but allows countries to decide how to meet them.
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κ΅­κ°€κ°€ λͺ©ν‘œ 달성 방법을 κ²°μ •ν•  수 μžˆλ„λ‘ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:46
But, with a specific problem –
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ νŠΉμ • 문제(
08:48
for example, flooding on the Mekong River –
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예: 메콩 κ°•μ˜ ν™μˆ˜)κ°€ μžˆλŠ” 경우
08:52
how could the law help?
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법이 μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ 도움이 될 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
08:54
So, if a neighbouring country from Vietnam
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λ”°λΌμ„œ λ² νŠΈλ‚¨μ˜ 이웃 κ΅­κ°€κ°€ μ‹¬κ°ν•œ
08:58
causes something that leads to a flood,
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ν™μˆ˜λ₯Ό 일으켜
09:01
which is significant, which creates a lot of damage,
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λ§Žμ€ ν”Όν•΄λ₯Ό μž…νžˆλ©΄
09:06
then Vietnam does have something in its weaponry, if you want:
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λ² νŠΈλ‚¨μ€ 무기에 무언가λ₯Ό 가지고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ›ν•œλ‹€λ©΄
09:10
it can sue. It can bring to court that other state.
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μ†Œμ†‘μ„ μ œκΈ°ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 그것은 λ‹€λ₯Έ μ£Όλ₯Ό 법원에 κ°€μ Έμ˜¬ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
09:15
But, if the... if the question is
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ, 만일... λ§Œμ•½ 질문이
09:17
'how do we prevent that from happening?'
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'μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ ν•˜λ©΄ 그런 일이 μΌμ–΄λ‚˜μ§€ μ•Šκ²Œ ν•  수 μžˆμ„κΉŒ?'
09:20
then it's a much more difficult thing to ask.
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그러면 μ§ˆλ¬Έν•˜κΈ°κ°€ 훨씬 더 μ–΄λ ΅μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:23
One country can sue another if they can prove they have caused something,
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ν•œ κ΅­κ°€λŠ” ν”Όν•΄λ₯Ό μž…νžˆλŠ” ν™μˆ˜μ™€ 같은 원인이 μžˆμŒμ„ 증λͺ…ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” 경우 λ‹€λ₯Έ κ΅­κ°€λ₯Ό κ³ μ†Œν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
09:28
like damaging flooding.
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.
09:30
He also explained how giving a river legal rights
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κ·ΈλŠ” λ˜ν•œ ν•˜μ²œμ— 법적 ꢌ리λ₯Ό λΆ€μ—¬ν•˜λŠ” 것이 μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ
09:35
might not be such a strange idea.
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κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ μ΄μƒν•œ 생각이 아닐 수 μžˆλŠ”μ§€ μ„€λͺ…ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
09:38
So, while in India it may not have worked,
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λ”°λΌμ„œ μΈλ„μ—μ„œλŠ” μž‘λ™ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜μ„ 수 μžˆμ§€λ§Œ
09:41
in other countries it has worked.
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λ‹€λ₯Έ κ΅­κ°€μ—μ„œλŠ” μž‘λ™ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:43
So, in Colombia for example, a river has been given rights.
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예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄ μ½œλ‘¬λΉ„μ•„μ—μ„œλŠ” 강에 κΆŒλ¦¬κ°€ λΆ€μ—¬λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:47
But the reason it has worked is that,
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ 그것이 νš¨κ³Όκ°€ μžˆμ—ˆλ˜ μ΄μœ λŠ”
09:51
in addition to giving rights to the river,
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강에 λŒ€ν•œ ꢌ리λ₯Ό λΆ€μ—¬ν•˜λŠ” 것 외에도 강을 λ³΄ν˜Έν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•œ
09:55
a commission has been created of guardian of the river
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μœ„μ›νšŒκ°€ λ§Œλ“€μ–΄μ‘Œκ³ 
10:00
and it's this institution, this taking it forward,
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이 기관이
10:04
that is proving successful
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10:06
in providing a better environment for the river
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강을 μœ„ν•΄ 더 λ‚˜μ€ ν™˜κ²½μ„ μ œκ³΅ν•˜λŠ” 데 μ„±κ³΅ν–ˆμŒμ„ μž…μ¦ν•˜κ³  있기 λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:10
and for the people who rely on the river.
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그리고 강에 μ˜μ‘΄ν•˜λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ„ μœ„ν•΄.
10:13
Other rivers have been protected this way.
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λ‹€λ₯Έ 강듀은 이런 μ‹μœΌλ‘œ λ³΄ν˜Έλ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:16
This was made more effective by also having a team of guardians
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이것은 κ·Έλ“€μ˜ ꢌ리λ₯Ό λ³΄ν˜Έν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ 후견인 νŒ€μ„ κ°€μ§μœΌλ‘œμ¨ λ”μš± νš¨κ³Όμ μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
10:20
to protect their rights.
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.
10:23
The law might not have much direct power to protect the environment,
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법은 ν™˜κ²½μ„ λ³΄ν˜Έν•  수 μžˆλŠ” 직접적인 κΆŒν•œμ΄ λ§Žμ§€ μ•Šμ„ 수
10:28
but our human rights are used to help keep it safe.
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μžˆμ§€λ§Œ 우리의 μΈκΆŒμ€ ν™˜κ²½μ„ μ•ˆμ „ν•˜κ²Œ μœ μ§€ν•˜λŠ” 데 μ‚¬μš©λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:33
We've also seen how the Paris Agreement
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λ˜ν•œ
10:35
encourages countries to take action:
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10:39
an example of laws keeping us
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우리
10:41
and future generations safe.
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와 미래 μ„ΈλŒ€λ₯Ό μ•ˆμ „ν•˜κ²Œ λ³΄ν˜Έν•˜λŠ” 법λ₯ μ˜ 예인 파리 ν˜‘μ •μ΄ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ ꡭ가듀이 쑰치λ₯Ό μ·¨ν•˜λ„λ‘ μž₯λ €ν•˜λŠ”μ§€ λ³΄μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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