Leadership and communication

55,746 views ใƒป 2022-02-15

BBC Learning English


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:02
Two powerful communicators โ€“
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๋‘ ๋ช…์˜ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆ์ผ€์ดํ„ฐ โ€“
00:04
very different in style.
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์Šคํƒ€์ผ์ด ๋งค์šฐ ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:07
And a dedicated teacher,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งค์ผ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค๊ฐ€๊ฐ€๋Š” ํ—Œ์‹ ์ ์ธ ๊ต์‚ฌ
00:09
reaching out to her students every day.
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.
00:12
Communication can be a glance.
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์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆ์ผ€์ด์…˜์€ ํ•œ๋ˆˆ์— ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:15
Communication can be a change in the tone of your voice.
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์˜์‚ฌ ์†Œํ†ต์€ ๋ชฉ์†Œ๋ฆฌ ํ†ค์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
00:19
We learn why communication is the key to good leadership,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
00:23
whether you are a teacher in north London,
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋Ÿฐ๋˜ ๋ถ๋ถ€์˜ ๊ต์‚ฌ
00:26
or running the country.
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์ด๋“  ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์šด์˜ํ•˜๋“  ์˜์‚ฌ์†Œํ†ต์ด ์ข‹์€ ๋ฆฌ๋”์‹ญ์˜ ํ•ต์‹ฌ์ธ ์ด์œ ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์›๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:33
US presidents, Barack Obama and Donald Trump:
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ธ ๋ฒ„๋ฝ ์˜ค๋ฐ”๋งˆ ์™€ ๋„๋„๋“œ ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„:
00:36
both brilliant at connecting with people, but in very different ways.
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๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ์†Œํ†ตํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ํƒ์›” ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฐฉ์‹์€ ๋งค์šฐ ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:41
Barack Obama used new social media like no president before him.
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๋ฒ„๋ฝ ์˜ค๋ฐ”๋งˆ๋Š” ๊ทธ ์ด์ „์˜ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์†Œ์…œ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:46
And in his speeches, he used ancient rhetorical techniques โ€“
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ์˜ ์—ฐ์„ค์—์„œ ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์— ์ง„์ •ํ•œ ํž˜์„ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ณ ๋Œ€์˜ ์ˆ˜์‚ฌ์  ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•
00:50
tricks of language โ€“ to give words real power.
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(์–ธ์–ด์˜ ํŠธ๋ฆญ)์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
00:53
My fellow citizens, I stand here today
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๊ตญ๋ฏผ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„, ์ €๋Š” ์˜ค๋Š˜
00:58
humbled by the task before us,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์•ž์— ๋†“์ธ ๊ณผ์—…์— ๊ฒธ์†ํ•œ
01:01
grateful for the trust you have bestowed,
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๋งˆ์Œ์œผ๋กœ ์ด ์ž๋ฆฌ์— ์„ฐ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ฃผ์‹  ์‹ ๋ขฐ์— ๊ฐ์‚ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๋ฉฐ
01:05
mindful of the sacrifices borne by our ancestors.
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์„ ์กฐ๋“ค์˜ ํฌ์ƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
01:09
President Trump's 2016 speeches were less praised,
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ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์˜ 2016๋…„ ์—ฐ์„ค์€ ๋œ ์นญ์ฐฌ
01:14
but got him lots of supporters.
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๋ฐ›์•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋งŽ์€ ์ง€์ง€์ž๋ฅผ ์–ป์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:17
He appeared less polished
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋œ ์„ธ๋ จ
01:19
and was criticised for the way he used language.
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๋˜์–ด ๋ณด์˜€๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์–ธ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋น„ํŒ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:22
He's been banned from Twitter, but previously used it a lot โ€“
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๊ทธ๋Š” ํŠธ์œ„ํ„ฐ์—์„œ ๊ธˆ์ง€ ๋˜์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์ด์ „
01:26
like this tweet, in which he calls the media 'the enemy of the people'.
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์—๋Š” ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด๋ฅผ '์ธ๋ฏผ์˜ ์ '์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋Š” ์ด ํŠธ์œ—๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ํŠธ์œ„ํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๋งŽ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
01:32
Although President Trump got fewer votes
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ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น
01:34
than Joe Biden in the 2020 election,
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์€ 2020๋…„ ์„ ๊ฑฐ์—์„œ ์กฐ ๋ฐ”์ด๋“ ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ ์€ ํ‘œ๋ฅผ
01:37
he still got record-breaking numbers of votes for a losing candidate.
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์–ป์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ํŒจ๋ฐฐํ•œ ํ›„๋ณด๋กœ์„œ๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ก์ ์ธ ๋“ํ‘œ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์–ป์—ˆ๋‹ค.
01:42
President Obama made history in a major way,
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์˜ค๋ฐ”๋งˆ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น
01:45
by being the country's first black president.
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์€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ตœ์ดˆ์˜ ํ‘์ธ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ด ๋จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์—ญ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:48
So, what can we learn about leadership
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด
01:50
from how these leaders spoke to the world?
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์ด ์ง€๋„์ž ๋“ค์ด ์„ธ์ƒ์— ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ฆฌ๋”์‹ญ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
01:55
So, from the examples of Obama and Trump,
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์˜ค๋ฐ”๋งˆ์™€ ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„์˜ ์˜ˆ์—์„œ
01:57
we can really learn that effective communication is crucial for leadership.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ ์˜์‚ฌ์†Œํ†ต์ด ๋ฆฌ๋”์‹ญ์— ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:01
Leadership in essence is about influencing, inspiring others โ€“
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๋ณธ์งˆ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฆฌ๋”์‹ญ์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๊ณ  ์˜๊ฐ์„ ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:06
take them with you to understand and share a common goal
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๊ณตํ†ต์˜ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๊ณ 
02:09
and work towards that.
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์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๋„๋ก ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ๋ฐ๋ ค๊ฐ€์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
02:11
And as an absolute minimum, you need to effectively communicate
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ตœ์†Œํ•œ ๊ทธ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ „๋‹ฌ
02:16
what that goal is and translate it to make it meaningful
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02:19
for those you're working with.
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ํ•˜๊ณ  ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ผํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์˜๋ฏธ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋ฒˆ์—ญํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋ฐ”๋งˆ์™€ ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„๊ฐ€ ์ž˜ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ
02:21
Good communication skills are crucial
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02:23
if you want to influence and inspire others,
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์—๊ฒŒ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๊ณ  ์˜๊ฐ์„ ์ฃผ๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ข‹์€ ์˜์‚ฌ์†Œํ†ต ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:26
ย  something Obama and Trump did well.
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.
02:29
Let's look at each leader in turn.
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๊ฐ ๋ฆฌ๋”๋ฅผ ์ฐจ๋ก€๋กœ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:31
So, Obama is a great, great example
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์˜ค๋ฐ”๋งˆ๋Š”
02:34
for anybody who'd like to develop their rhetorical skills โ€“
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์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ˆ˜์‚ฌ์  ๊ธฐ์ˆ , ์ฆ‰
02:37
their communication skills โ€“ a little bit better,
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์˜์‚ฌ์†Œํ†ต ๊ธฐ์ˆ  ์„ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ๋ฐœ์ „์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•˜๊ณ  ์ข‹์€ ๋ณธ๋ณด๊ธฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:39
not only in listening, in watching maybe his more formal speeches,
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. ๋“ฃ๊ณ , ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๊ทธ์˜ ๋” ๊ณต์‹์ ์ธ ์—ฐ์„ค์„ ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ
02:45
but also the way that he interacts with people on a one-to-one basis.
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๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹๋„ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ์ผ๋Œ€์ผ๋กœ.
02:49
The way in which both his body language as well as the spoken word
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๊ทธ์˜ ๋ฐ”๋”” ๋žญ๊ท€์ง€์™€ ๊ตฌ์–ด
02:54
are very warm, very inclusive โ€“
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๋ชจ๋‘ ๋งค์šฐ ๋”ฐ๋œปํ•˜๊ณ  ๋งค์šฐ ํฌ์šฉ์ ์ธ
02:57
aligning and really thinking carefully
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๋ฐฉ์‹
03:00
about who they are speaking to,
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์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€,
03:02
who they're working with and trying to connect.
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๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์™€ ์ผํ•˜๊ณ  ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ •๋ ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์ง„์ •์œผ๋กœ ์‹ ์ค‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:04
So, I think you can go and learn a lot by listening in to,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์˜ค๋ฐ”๋งˆ ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์„ ๋“ฃ๊ณ 
03:08
and also observing what Obama does.
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๋˜ํ•œ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
03:12
Obama was good at giving speeches, using rhetorical skills,
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์˜ค๋ฐ”๋งˆ๋Š” ์ˆ˜์‚ฌ์  ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ
03:16
but he was also good at connecting with people on an individual level.
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์—ฐ์„ค์„ ์ž˜ํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฐœ์ธ ์ˆ˜์ค€์—์„œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ๋„ ๋Šฅ์ˆ™ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:20
How about Trump?
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ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„๋Š” ์–ด๋•Œ?
03:22
I would encourage an aspiring leader to...
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ง€๋„์ž ์ง€๋ง์ƒ์ด...
03:24
to focus on the way he uses social media
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์†Œ์…œ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉ
03:27
and particularly the way he sends out more bitesize,
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ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹, ํŠนํžˆ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋” ์ž‘์€ ํฌ๊ธฐ
03:32
but quite strongly worded messages with a...
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03:36
with a strong meaning behind them,
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๋กœ ๋ณด๋‚ด๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์— ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋งž์ถ”๋„๋ก ๊ถŒ์žฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:39
and learning from and through that about โ€“ sometimes it is the...
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด โ€“ ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€...
03:44
the consistency and the frequency
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03:47
with which we communicate short messages
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์งง์€ ๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ๊ด€์„ฑ๊ณผ ๋นˆ๋„
03:50
is an important takeaway.
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๋Š” ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ํ…Œ์ดํฌ ์•„์›ƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:52
Trump was an expert at using simple, frequent
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ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„๋Š” ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•˜๊ณ  ๋นˆ๋ฒˆ
03:56
and consistent messaging.
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ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์ผ๊ด€๋œ ๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:58
He used social media to great effect here.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ์†Œ์…œ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ํฐ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:01
Those who are able to influence others
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค
04:04
are often able to influence because they are seen as charismatic,
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์€ ์ข…์ข… ์นด๋ฆฌ์Šค๋งˆ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ๋ ฅ
04:09
and both Trump and Obama are charismatic in their own way,
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์„ ํ–‰์‚ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜
04:14
but it is through the very different audiences
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04:17
that see them as charismatic.
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์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:21
And language again plays a key role there,
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋„ ์–ธ์–ด ๊ฐ€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:24
because in order to be seen as charismatic,
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์นด๋ฆฌ์Šค๋งˆ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์ฒญ์ค‘๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋ 
04:27
you need to be able to connect with an audience โ€“
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์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ
04:30
connect on a value-based and on an emotional basis.
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์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:34
Charismatic leaders build a following
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์นด๋ฆฌ์Šค๋งˆ ๋„˜์น˜๋Š” ๋ฆฌ๋”
04:36
ย  by connecting with an audience's values and emotions.
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๋Š” ์ฒญ์ค‘์˜ ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ด€๊ณผ ๊ฐ์ •์„ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹ค์Œ์„ ๊ตฌ์ถ•ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
04:40
So, which of our two presidents was the better communicator?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋‘ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น ์ค‘ ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ์†Œํ†ต๊ฐ€์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
04:44
Obama is often the one we go to first, because we think,
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์˜ค๋ฐ”๋งˆ๋Š” ์ข…์ข… ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
04:47
'Oh, he's a very skilful speaker,'
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'์˜ค, ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ์œ ๋Šฅํ•œ ์—ฐ์‚ฌ์•ผ'๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ฒญ์ค‘
04:50
able to appeal and to unite a variety of different audiences,
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์„ ์–ดํ•„ํ•˜๊ณ  ํ†ตํ•ฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
04:54
whereas Trump is very focused
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๋ฐ˜๋ฉด, ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„๋Š” ์ž์‹ ์ด ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ํ•œ ์ฒญ์ค‘
04:57
and very specific about the one audience he's speaking to.
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์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งค์šฐ ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋งค์šฐ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—๊ฒŒ.
05:01
But, when we then evaluate the relative success
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด
05:04
of either of these two political leaders,
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๋‘ ์ •์น˜ ์ง€๋„์ž ์ค‘
05:07
I have to say that on average
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์–ด๋Š ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ์ƒ๋Œ€์ ์ธ ์„ฑ๊ณต์„ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•  ๋•Œ ํ‰๊ท ์ ์œผ๋กœ
05:09
Trump is probably, over a longer period of time,
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ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„๋Š” ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๋” ์˜ค๋žœ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„
05:12
ย  more successful in creating a very, very strong bond with his followers
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๋™์•ˆ ์ถ”์ข…์ž๋“ค๊ณผ ๋งค์šฐ ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ์œ ๋Œ€๊ฐ์„ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋” ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์ผ
05:16
and maybe it is that focus on the smaller audience,
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๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฉฐ ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์†Œ์ˆ˜์˜ ์ฒญ์ค‘์—๊ฒŒ ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋งž์ถ”๋ฉด์„œ
05:19
but also being seen to be able to deliver โ€“
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๋„
05:23
to be consistent with his message.
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๊ทธ์˜ ๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€์™€ ์ผ๊ด€์„ฑ์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ „๋‹ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:27
Professor Schedlitzki says Trump understood his audience
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Schedlitzki ๊ต์ˆ˜๋Š” Trump๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ์˜ ์ฒญ์ค‘์„ ์ดํ•ดํ–ˆ๊ณ 
05:30
and was able to communicate directly with them.
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๊ทธ๋“ค๊ณผ ์ง์ ‘ ์†Œํ†ตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:33
That won their loyalty.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์ถฉ์„ฑ์‹ฌ์„ ์–ป์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:35
Obama wanted to appeal to different audiences,
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์˜ค๋ฐ”๋งˆ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ฒญ์ค‘๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์–ดํ•„ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ
05:39
but this probably made his gifts of communication less effective.
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์›ํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๊ทธ์˜ ์˜์‚ฌ์†Œํ†ต์˜ ์žฌ๋Šฅ์„ ๋œ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ด๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:48
Djamila Boothman is an assistant head teacher in London...
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Djamila Boothman์€ ๋Ÿฐ๋˜์˜ ๋ถ€๊ต์žฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:52
quite different to Obama and Trump.
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. ์˜ค๋ฐ”๋งˆ์™€ ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„์™€๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋ญ‡ ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:55
Yet communication is also vital for her.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์˜์‚ฌ ์†Œํ†ต ๋„ ๊ทธ๋…€์—๊ฒŒ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:58
Connecting with students helps her create meaningful lessons.
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ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค๊ณผ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์€ ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์˜๋ฏธ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:03
Connecting with parents builds relationships that help her students.
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๋ถ€๋ชจ์™€์˜ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์€ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋Š” ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์ถ•ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:08
Djamila took just four years to reach a senior position in her school.
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Djamila๋Š” ํ•™๊ต์—์„œ ๊ณ ์œ„์ง์— ์˜ค๋ฅด๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋ถˆ๊ณผ 4๋…„์ด ๊ฑธ๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
06:12
So, what has she learnt about communication along the way?
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊ทธ ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ์˜์‚ฌ ์†Œํ†ต์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๋ฐฐ์› ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
06:17
You have to know your classes really, really well.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ์ •๋ง๋กœ, ์ •๋ง๋กœ ์ž˜ ์•Œ์•„์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:20
You have to know what students' strengths and weaknesses are.
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ํ•™์ƒ์˜ ๊ฐ•์ ๊ณผ ์•ฝ์ ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์•Œ์•„์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
06:23
And you have to understand what communication
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์–ด๋–ค ์˜์‚ฌ
06:25
works best with what students.
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์†Œํ†ต์ด ์–ด๋–ค ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ž˜ ๋งž๋Š”์ง€ ์ดํ•ดํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:29
The more that you know your class and that they know you โ€“
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ํ•™๊ธ‰์„ ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ์•Œ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ๋” ์ž˜ ์•Œ์ˆ˜๋ก ์˜์‚ฌ
06:32
communication can be a glance,
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์†Œํ†ต์€ ํ•œ ๋ˆˆ์— ๋ณผ
06:34
communication can be a change in the tone of your voice.
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์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ  ์˜์‚ฌ์†Œํ†ต ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋ชฉ์†Œ๋ฆฌ ํ†ค์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹จ์–ด
06:40
I do think an economy of words is important.
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์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
06:43
I do think that it's... it's good to share
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ... ์ฒ˜์Œ์—
06:46
what the expectation or the outcome is at the beginning
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๊ธฐ๋Œ€์น˜ ๋‚˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๊ณ 
06:50
and work from there.
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๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ์ž‘์—…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ข‹๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:51
Like Obama and Trump, Djamila knows her audience really well โ€“
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Obama์™€ Trump์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ Djamila๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ์ฒญ์ค‘
06:56
in this case her students.
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, ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์„ ์ •๋ง ์ž˜ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:58
How does she build a good relationship with her class?
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ํ•™๊ธ‰๊ณผ ์ข‹์€ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์ถ•ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
07:02
I always like to share the big picture first โ€“
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์ €๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ํฐ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์„ ๋จผ์ € ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:05
by the end of this experience, by the end of school,
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์ด ๊ฒฝํ—˜ ์ด ๋๋‚  ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€, ํ•™๊ต
07:09
by the end of this academic year, sometimes by the end of term,
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๊ฐ€ ๋๋‚  ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€, ์ด๋ฒˆ ํ•™๋…„๋„ ๊ฐ€ ๋๋‚  ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€, ๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ํ•™๊ธฐ๋ง๊นŒ์ง€
07:12
these are the things that we want to achieve.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์„ฑ์ทจํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:15
Are we in agreement? Yes, we're in agreement.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋™์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์˜ˆ, ๋™์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:17
OK. How can we achieve those things?
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์ข‹์•„์š”. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์„ฑ์ทจํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
07:21
Collecting information. And from there, we then decide
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์ •๋ณด ์ˆ˜์ง‘. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
07:25
and once we've decided, it then becomes quite easy
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๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ผ๋‹จ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜๋ฉด
07:28
because everybody understands the 'why' behind what we're doing.
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๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์˜ '์ด์œ '๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋งค์šฐ ์‰ฌ์›Œ์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:32
And so, in that sense,
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์˜๋ฏธ์—์„œ
07:34
leadership isn't one person saying, 'This is what we need to do.'
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๋ฆฌ๋”์‹ญ ์€ '์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:37
Leadership is allowing others to lead and empowering the rest of the class.
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๋ฆฌ๋”์‹ญ์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค ์ด ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ ํ•™๊ธ‰์„ ์ด๋Œ๊ณ  ๊ถŒํ•œ์„ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ—ˆ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:42
Djamila encourages her class to have shared goals
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Djamila๋Š” ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค
07:45
by helping students understand why they are doing something.
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์ด ์ž์‹ ์ด ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋„๋ก ๋„์™€์คŒ์œผ๋กœ์จ ํ•™๊ธ‰์ด ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๋„๋ก ๊ฒฉ๋ คํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ผ๋ถ€ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค
07:49
This is not so easy for some students though.
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์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์‰ฌ์šด ์ผ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:52
The students with the most complex needs โ€“
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ์š”๊ตฌ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค โ€“
07:54
one of the things that I do is I walk around with a planner
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š”
07:57
that has some different facial expressions on,
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๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ํ‘œ์ •์ด ์žˆ๋Š”
08:00
and for those students who are, you know, elective mutes
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08:04
or who just don't feel that they can vocalise,
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ํ”Œ๋ž˜๋„ˆ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ๋Œ์•„๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ชฉ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ ,
08:07
our communication is that they tap the face that reflects
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์˜์‚ฌ์†Œํ†ต์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ๋‚ ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์„ ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์–ผ๊ตด์„ ๋‘๋“œ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
08:11
how they're feeling that day,
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๊ฒƒ
08:13
and that then allows me to know which approach I'm going to take with them
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์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ์ˆ˜์—…์ด๋‚˜ ๊ทธ ๋‚  ๋™์•ˆ ๊ทธ๋“ค๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์–ด๋–ค ์ ‘๊ทผ ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ์ทจํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
08:17
during that lesson or during that day.
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.
08:20
So, it's always important to keep communication going
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ
08:23
one way or the other.
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์–ด๋–ค ์‹์œผ๋กœ๋“  ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆ์ผ€์ด์…˜์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:24
Djamila uses a mix of techniques to make sure
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Djamila๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค๊ณผ
08:27
she has good communication with each of her students.
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์›ํ™œํ•œ ์˜์‚ฌ์†Œํ†ต์ด ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง€๋„๋ก ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:31
Where does technology fit into this?
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๊ธฐ์ˆ ์€ ์–ด๋””์— ์ ํ•ฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
08:34
We've had to rely on technology a lot more this year
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์˜ฌํ•ด ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์— ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ์˜์กดํ•ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธฐ์ˆ  ์€
08:37
and it's a really, really powerful tool
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์ •๋ง ์ •๋ง ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ๋„๊ตฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:39
and I think when you talk to somebody in their language, it's more powerful
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์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์— ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€ ์™€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์–ธ์–ด๋กœ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ด ๋” ๊ฐ•๋ ฅ
08:43
and, for young people, using technology โ€“
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ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ Š์€์ด๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:47
that is their language! You know, so it is effective.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์–ธ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค! ์•„์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:50
Technology is used as it is already a big part of students' lives โ€“
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๊ธฐ์ˆ ์€ ์ด๋ฏธ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์˜ ์‚ถ์—์„œ ํฐ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š”
08:55
something students understand.
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ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:58
Making lessons relevant to a student's own background
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ํ•™์ƒ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ
09:01
and culture is vital too.
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๊ณผ ๋ฌธํ™”์— ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์‚ด์•„์˜จ ๊ฒฝํ—˜
09:03
Being able to talk about your lived experiences,
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์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ์ˆ˜
09:08
and to feel like the rest of your class
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์žˆ๊ณ  , ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐ˜์›
09:11
are listening to that and respecting that and valuing that,
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๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋“ฃ๊ณ  ์กด์ค‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ์†Œ์ค‘ํžˆ
09:15
is something that makes anybody feel full of pride and self-pride.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋Š๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์—๊ฒŒ๋‚˜ ์ž๋ถ€์‹ฌ๊ณผ ์ž๊ธ์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋“ ์ฐจ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:20
And it builds that ability to then be a leader in the classroom.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ต์‹ค์—์„œ ๋ฆฌ๋”๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ตฌ์ถ•ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:26
This links to Djamila's understanding of her audience.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ Djamila ์˜ ์ฒญ์ค‘์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ดํ•ด์™€ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:29
If her students can identify with what she's teaching them,
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๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ๋‚ด์šฉ์— ๊ณต๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ˆ˜์—…์—
09:33
they're more likely to contribute to the lesson.
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๋” ๋งŽ์ด ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:41
So, to communicate effectively as a leader,
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ฆฌ๋”๋กœ์„œ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆ์ผ€์ด์…˜
09:43
you really need to know your audience.
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ํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ์ฒญ์ค‘์„ ์•Œ์•„์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:46
Make sure you adapt your message, so that it feels relevant to them.
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๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€ ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋“ค๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋Š๋‚„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€๋ฅผ ์กฐ์ •ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
09:51
And don't forget โ€“ technology can really help.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žŠ์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š” โ€“ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ด ์ •๋ง ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

Original video on YouTube.com
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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