Personalised diets - 6 Minute English

108,755 views ใƒป 2022-01-20

BBC Learning English


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:03
Hello.
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
00:08
This is 6 Minute English from
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BBC Learning English์˜ 6๋ถ„ ์˜์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:10
BBC Learning English.
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.
00:11
I'm Sam.
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์ €๋Š” ์ƒ˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:13
And I'm Neil.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ๋‹์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:14
In recent years new diets with names
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์ตœ๊ทผ ๋ช‡ ๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ
00:16
like 'vegan', 'keto' and 'paleo' have
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'๋น„๊ฑด', '์ผ€ํ† ', 'ํŒ”๋ ˆ์˜ค'์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ด๋ฆ„์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋‹ค์ด์–ดํŠธ
00:19
become very popular.
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๊ฐ€ ๋งค์šฐ ์ธ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์–ป์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:20
Are you a
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๋‹น์‹ ์€
00:22
vegetarian, Neil?
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์ฑ„์‹์ฃผ์˜์ž์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ, ๋‹? ํŠน์ • ์‹๋‹จ
00:23
Do you follow
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์„ ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
00:24
any particular diet?
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00:25
Well, I eat lots of fresh fruit
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์Œ, ์ €๋Š” ์‹ ์„ ํ•œ ๊ณผ์ผ
00:28
and vegetables and only a little
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๊ณผ ์ฑ„์†Œ๋ฅผ ๋งŽ์ด ๋จน๊ณ 
00:30
meat from time to time.
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๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ๊ณ ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์กฐ๊ธˆ๋งŒ ๋จน์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:32
Well, while many diets claim to
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๋งŽ์€ ๋‹ค์ด์–ดํŠธ๊ฐ€
00:34
improve health or help you
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๊ฑด๊ฐ•์„ ๊ฐœ์„ ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
00:36
lose weight, recent research
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์ฒด์ค‘ ๊ฐ๋Ÿ‰์— ๋„์›€์ด ๋œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์ตœ๊ทผ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ
00:38
shows that what counts is not
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์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๋จน๋Š๋ƒ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
00:40
what you eat but how
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00:41
your body reacts.
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์‹ ์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ˜์‘ํ•˜๋Š๋ƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:43
Yes, and that reaction doesn't
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๋„ค, ๊ทธ ๋ฐ˜์‘์€
00:45
happen where you might think - not
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณณ์—์„œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜์ง€
00:47
in the brain, or tongue, or even
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์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‡Œ๋‚˜ ํ˜€,
00:49
the stomach, but in the gut - another
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์œ„๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์†Œํ™”๊ด€(์ฐฝ์ž์˜ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ
00:52
name for the intestines - the
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์ด๋ฆ„)์—์„œ
00:54
long tube inside your body
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00:56
which digests food.
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์Œ์‹์„ ์†Œํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชธ ์•ˆ์˜ ๊ธด ๊ด€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:58
Inside everyone's gut are millions
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๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ์žฅ ์•ˆ์—๋Š” ํ˜„๋ฏธ๊ฒฝ ์—†์ด๋Š” ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์„ ์ •๋„๋กœ
01:00
of microbes - tiny living organisms,
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์ž‘์€ ์‚ด์•„์žˆ๋Š” ์œ ๊ธฐ์ฒด์ธ ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ์ด
01:03
too small to see without a
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01:05
microscope.
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์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:06
Some of them are good
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๊ทธ๋“ค ์ค‘ ์ผ๋ถ€
01:07
for us, some bad.
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๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์ข‹๊ณ  ์ผ๋ถ€๋Š” ๋‚˜์ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:10
Microbes help digest food, but
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๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ์€ ์Œ์‹์˜ ์†Œํ™”๋ฅผ ๋•์ง€๋งŒ
01:11
they influence our bodies more
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์นฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:13
than we know.
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.
01:14
Think of them as
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„
01:15
chemical factories that cause our
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01:17
individual reaction to
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01:18
the food we eat.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋จน๋Š” ์Œ์‹์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐœ๋ณ„์ ์ธ ๋ฐ˜์‘์„ ์ผ์œผํ‚ค๋Š” ํ™”ํ•™ ๊ณต์žฅ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
01:20
This mix of gut microbes is
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์ด ์žฅ๋‚ด ๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ์˜ ํ˜ผํ•ฉ์€
01:21
unique and different for everyone,
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๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ,
01:24
even identical twins.
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์ผ๋ž€์„ฑ ์Œ๋‘ฅ์ด์—๊ฒŒ๋„ ๋…ํŠนํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:26
And it's the reason why some
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ผ๋ถ€
01:27
doctors now recommend a
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์˜์‚ฌ๋“ค์ด ํ˜„์žฌ
01:29
personalised diet, one that
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01:31
perfectly fits your own unique
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์ž์‹ ๋งŒ์˜ ๊ณ ์œ ํ•œ
01:33
combination of microbes.
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๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ ์กฐํ•ฉ์— ์™„๋ฒฝํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งž๋Š” ๋งž์ถคํ˜• ์‹๋‹จ์„ ๊ถŒ์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:34
We'll hear more soon, but first
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๊ณง ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์†Œ์‹์„ ๋“ฃ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ
01:37
I have a question for you, Neil,
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๋จผ์ € Neil์—๊ฒŒ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋Œ€์žฅ
01:39
and it's about the gut - the
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๊ณผ ์†Œ์žฅ์„ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๋Š” ๊ด€์ธ ์†Œํ™”๊ด€์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ
01:41
tube which includes the large and
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01:43
small intestine.
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์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:45
It's very
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๋งค์šฐ
01:46
long - but how long exactly is
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๊ธธ์ง€๋งŒ
01:47
the average adult's gut?
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ํ‰๊ท ์ ์ธ ์„ฑ์ธ์˜ ์žฅ์˜ ๊ธธ์ด๋Š” ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
01:50
Is it:
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01:51
a) 3 and a half metres?
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a) 3.5๋ฏธํ„ฐ?
01:52
b) 5 and a half metres?
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b) 5.5๋ฏธํ„ฐ?
01:54
or,
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๋˜๋Š”
01:55
c) 7 and a half metres?
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c) 7.5๋ฏธํ„ฐ?
01:57
Well, everybody is different
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ๋ฌผ๋ก  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋งˆ๋‹ค
01:59
of course, but I'll say on average
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๋‹ค๋ฅด์ง€๋งŒ ํ‰๊ท ์ 
02:01
the gut is b) 5 and
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์œผ๋กœ ์žฅ์˜ ๊ธธ์ด๋Š” b
02:03
a half metres long.
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) 5.5๋ฏธํ„ฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:04
OK, Neil, I'll reveal the answer
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๋„ค, ๋‹, ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์—์„œ ๋‹ต์„ ๊ณต๊ฐœํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:06
later in the programme.
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.
02:08
Among the first to investigate gut
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์žฅ๋‚ด ๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ์„ ์ตœ์ดˆ๋กœ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ ์ค‘์—๋Š”
02:10
microbes was Dr Tim Spector, author
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02:12
of bestselling book, The Diet Myth.
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๋ฒ ์ŠคํŠธ์…€๋Ÿฌ ์ฑ… The Diet Myth์˜ ์ €์ž์ธ Tim Spector ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:15
He wanted to check whether the
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02:17
dietary advice he had heard and
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ž์‹ ์ด ๋“ฃ๊ณ 
02:19
believed, advice like 'eat little
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๋ฏฟ์—ˆ๋˜ '์กฐ๊ธˆ์”ฉ ์ž์ฃผ ๋จน์œผ๋ผ
02:21
and often' or 'avoid fat',
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', '์ง€๋ฐฉ์„ ํ”ผํ•˜๋ผ'๋Š” ์‹์ƒํ™œ ์กฐ์–ธ
02:22
was really true.
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์ด ์ •๋ง ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ธ์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
02:24
Listen as Dr Spector explains
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์ŠคํŽ™ํ„ฐ ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ
02:26
how he started to doubt some of
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02:28
this advice - 'food myths', he
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02:30
calls them - to BBC Radio 4
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๊ฐ€ BBC ๋ผ๋””์˜ค 4
02:33
programme, The Life Scientific:
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ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ธ ๋ผ์ดํ”„ ์‚ฌ์ด์–ธํ‹ฐํ”ฝ
02:36
All these so-called myths that
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์—์„œ '์Œ์‹ ์‹ ํ™”'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋Š” ์ด ์กฐ์–ธ ์ค‘ ์ผ๋ถ€๋ฅผ
02:38
I'd believed, whether it was
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์˜์‹ฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋“ค์–ด
02:40
about calories, about fats,
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๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ์นผ๋กœ๋ฆฌ, ์ง€๋ฐฉ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ,
02:42
when to eat, how to eat, were
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์–ธ์ œ, ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋จน์–ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋“ฑ
02:43
based on flimsy or no evidence,
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์€ ์กฐ์žกํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ์—†๊ณ ,
02:46
very old, very poor quality,
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์•„์ฃผ ์˜ค๋ž˜๋˜๊ณ , ํ’ˆ์งˆ์ด ๋งค์šฐ ๋‚ฎ๊ณ ,
02:48
and had been repeated so much
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์ด ๋ฐ˜๋ณต
02:50
that people didn't
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๋˜์–ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
02:51
think to question them.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์˜๋ฌธ์„ ์ œ๊ธฐํ•  ์ƒ๊ฐ์กฐ์ฐจ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:53
One of the food myths Dr Spector
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Spector ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์งˆ๋ฌธํ•œ ์Œ์‹ ์‹ ํ™” ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ์Œ์‹์ด ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์–‘์„ ์ธก์ •
02:55
questioned was counting calories - the
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ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์œ„์ธ ์นผ๋กœ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ณ„์‚ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:57
units which measure the amount
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02:59
of energy food provides.
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.
03:02
He discovered that much of
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๊ทธ๋Š”
03:03
the dietary advice he had
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์ž์‹ ์ด ๋“ค์€ ์‹์ด์š”๋ฒ• ์กฐ์–ธ์˜ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„
03:05
heard was either incorrect or
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์ด ๋ถ€์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
03:07
based on flimsy evidence.
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๋นˆ์•ฝํ•œ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์— ๊ทผ๊ฑฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:10
If
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03:11
evidence is flimsy, it's
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์ฆ๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ๋นˆ์•ฝํ•˜๋ฉด
03:12
weak and unconvincing.
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์•ฝํ•˜๊ณ  ์„ค๋“๋ ฅ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:14
As Dr Spector questioned these
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Spector ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ
03:16
food myths, he remembered an
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์Œ์‹ ์‹ ํ™”์— ์˜๋ฌธ์„ ์ œ๊ธฐํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ
03:17
earlier study involving
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03:19
identical twins, pairs of brothers
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์ผ๋ž€์„ฑ ์Œ๋‘ฅ์ด,
03:22
or sisters with the same genes.
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๋™์ผํ•œ ์œ ์ „์ž๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ํ•œ ์Œ์˜ ํ˜•์ œ ๋˜๋Š” ์ž๋งค๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์ „ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:24
It was the surprising differences
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03:26
in weight between one twin and
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ํ•œ ์Œ๋‘ฅ์ด์™€ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์Œ๋‘ฅ์ด ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ์ฒด์ค‘ ์ฐจ์ด๋Š”
03:29
another that made Dr Spector
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Spector ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ
03:30
realise that no two people
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๊ฐ€ ๋‘ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‚ด์žฅ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊นจ๋‹ซ๊ฒŒ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:33
have the same gut - even
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด
03:35
identical twins' guts are different.
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์ผ๋ž€์„ฑ ์Œ๋‘ฅ์ด์˜ ๋‚ด์žฅ๋„ ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:38
But, as he told BBC Radio 4's,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ BBC ๋ผ๋””์˜ค 4
03:41
The Life Scientific, the discovery
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์˜ ๋ผ์ดํ”„ ์‚ฌ์ด์–ธํ‹ฐํ”ฝ์— ๋งํ–ˆ๋“ฏ์ด ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ
03:43
came in a very smelly way - by
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์€ ๋งค์šฐ ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:45
asking his volunteers to send
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๊ทธ์˜ ์ž์›
03:47
samples of their poo in the post!
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๋ด‰์‚ฌ์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฒŒ์‹œ๋ฌผ์— ๋Œ€๋ณ€ ์ƒ˜ํ”Œ์„ ๋ณด๋‚ด๋‹ฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ์š”์ฒญํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
03:51
We collected lots of these
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด
03:52
samples, sequenced them,
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์ƒ˜ํ”Œ์„ ๋งŽ์ด ์ˆ˜์ง‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹œํ€€์‹ฑํ•œ
03:54
and looked at twins where
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ํ›„ ์Œ๋‘ฅ์ด
03:55
one was overweight and one
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์ค‘ ํ•œ ๋ช…์€ ๊ณผ์ฒด์ค‘์ด๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ•œ
03:57
was skinny... and we found
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๋ช…์€ ๋งˆ๋ฅธ ์ฒดํ˜•์„ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค...
03:58
in every case, the skinnier
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—์„œ ๋” ๋งˆ๋ฅธ
04:01
twin had a more diverse
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์Œ๋‘ฅ์ด๊ฐ€ ๋” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ
04:03
microbiome, greater numbers
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๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ๊ณผ ๋”
04:04
of different species and
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๋งŽ์€ ์ข…์˜ ์ข…์„
04:06
they also nearly always had
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๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•ญ์ƒ
04:08
high numbers of a couple
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04:09
of microbes that just
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04:11
stuck out of the crowd - and
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๊ตฐ์ค‘์—์„œ ๋ง‰ ํŠ€์–ด ๋‚˜์˜จ ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ์ด ๋งŽ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:13
one was called christensenella
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ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” christensenella
04:15
and the other was
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๋ผ๊ณ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š”
04:16
called akkermansia.
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akkermansia๋ผ๊ณ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:18
Although genetically identical,
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์œ ์ „์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๋™์ผํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
04:20
one twin was overweight, while
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์Œ๋‘ฅ์ด ์ค‘ ํ•œ ๋ช…์€ ๊ณผ์ฒด์ค‘
04:21
the other twin was skinny,
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์ด์—ˆ๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ•œ ๋ช…์€ ๋ง๋ž
04:23
or very thin.
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๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋งค์šฐ ๋ง๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:25
Because the weight difference
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์ฒด์ค‘ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ  ์ „์ ์œผ๋กœ
04:26
could not be explained
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์„ค๋ช…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
04:27
genetically, Dr Spector
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Spector ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ
04:29
suspected the microbes in
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04:30
the skinnier twin's gut
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๋Š” ๋” ๋งˆ๋ฅธ ์Œ๋‘ฅ์ด์˜ ๋‚ด์žฅ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ
04:32
held the answer: the more
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์ด ๋‹ต์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ 
04:33
diverse someone's microbes,
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์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์˜์‹ฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ์ด ๋‹ค์–‘
04:35
the better their gut was at
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ํ• ์ˆ˜๋ก ์†Œํ™”๊ด€์ด ์Œ์‹์„ ๋” ์ž˜
04:37
digesting food, regulating
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์†Œํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ 
04:39
fat and maintaining health.
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์ง€๋ฐฉ์„ ์กฐ์ ˆํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:41
Two microbes, christensenella
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04:43
and akkermansia, were especially
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ํฌ๋ฆฌ์Šคํ…์„ธ๋„ฌ๋ผ(christensenella)์™€ ์•„์ปค๋งŒ์‹œ์•„(akkermansia)๋ผ๋Š” ๋‘ ๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ์ด ํŠนํžˆ
04:45
effective.
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ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:46
Dr Spector says these
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Spector ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ
04:47
microbes stuck out of the crowd,
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๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ์ด ๊ตฐ์ค‘์—์„œ ํŠ€์–ด๋‚˜์™€ ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ํšจ๊ณผ
04:50
meaning they were easy to notice
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๋ฅผ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ์•Œ์•„์ฐจ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:52
for their positive effect.
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.
04:54
And since everyone's microbes are
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ์ด
04:56
different, it follows that a
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๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
04:57
personalised diet which selects
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04:59
the friendliest food for
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05:00
your gut, is best.
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์žฅ์— ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์€ ์Œ์‹์„ ์„ ํƒํ•˜๋Š” ๋งž์ถคํ˜• ์‹๋‹จ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:02
Right,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜,
05:03
and all this talk of eating
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋Š”
05:04
is making me hungry, so tell me,
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๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ๊ณ ํ”„๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๋งํ•ด์ค˜,
05:06
Sam, was my answer
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์ƒ˜,
05:07
to your question, right?
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๋„ค ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‚ด ๋Œ€๋‹ต์ด ๋งž๋‹ˆ?
05:09
Ah yes, I asked about the
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์•„ ๋„ค,
05:11
length of the gut in
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05:13
the average adult.
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ํ‰๊ท ์ ์ธ ์„ฑ์ธ์˜ ์žฅ ๊ธธ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:14
I said it was 5 and
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๋‚˜๋Š”
05:15
a half metres.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด 5.5 ๋ฏธํ„ฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
05:16
Which was... the correct answer!
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ... ์ •๋‹ต์ด์—ˆ์–ด!
05:19
Well done, Neil - that took 'guts',
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์ž˜ ํ–ˆ์–ด, ๋‹ - '๋ฐฐ์งฑ'์ด๋ผ๋Š”
05:21
which is the second meaning
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๋‹จ์–ด์˜ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์˜๋ฏธ
05:22
of the word: courage.
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์ธ ์šฉ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์™”์–ด.
05:24
OK, let's recap the vocabulary we've
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์œ„์—์„œ
05:27
learned starting with gut - an
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๋ฐฐ์šด ์Œ์‹์„ ์†Œํ™”์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ด€์ธ
05:29
informal word for the intestines,
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์ฐฝ์ž๋ฅผ ๋œปํ•˜๋Š” ๋น„๊ฒฉ์‹์ ์ธ ๋‹จ์–ด์ธ gut๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฐฐ์šด ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ์š”์•ฝํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค
05:31
the tube which digests
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05:33
food from the stomach.
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.
05:35
Microbes are microscopic organisms
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๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ์€
05:37
living inside the body.
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๋ชธ ์•ˆ์— ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ฏธ์„ธํ•œ ์œ ๊ธฐ์ฒด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:39
A calorie is a unit measuring
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์นผ๋กœ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
05:41
how much energy food provides.
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์Œ์‹์ด ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์–‘์„ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์œ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:44
If an argument or evidence is
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์ฃผ์žฅ์ด๋‚˜ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€
05:46
flimsy, it's weak
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์–ด์„คํ”„๋ฉด
05:47
and hard to believe.
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์•ฝํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ต์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:49
A skinny person is very thin.
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๋งˆ๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ๋ง๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:52
And finally, if something
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰
05:53
sticks out of the crowd,
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์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฐ์ค‘์—์„œ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ํŠ€์–ด
05:55
it's noticeable in a good way.
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๋‚˜์˜ค๋ฉด ์ข‹์€ ์˜๋ฏธ๋กœ ๋ˆˆ์— ๋•๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:58
Unfortunately, our six minutes
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์•„์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ๋„ 6
05:59
are up, but remember:
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๋ถ„์ด ์ง€๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ธฐ์–ต
06:01
look after your gut, and
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06:02
your gut will look after you!
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ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ์žฅ์„ ๋Œ๋ณด๋ฉด ์žฅ๋„ ๋Œ๋ด์ค„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
06:06
Goodbye!
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์•ˆ๋…•ํžˆ ๊ฐ€์„ธ์š”!
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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