World Space Week: War in space

13,131 views ・ 2021-10-06

BBC Learning English


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ²ˆμ—­λœ μžλ§‰μ€ 기계 λ²ˆμ—­λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

00:00
War in space...
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μš°μ£Όμ „μŸ...
00:02
it's something just in Hollywood movies, right?
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ν—λ¦¬μš°λ“œ μ˜ν™”μ—λ‚˜ λ‚˜μ˜¬ λ²•ν•œ 일이죠? κ°ˆλ“±μ„ λ°©μ§€ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄
00:05
We'll show you how the law is designed to prevent conflicts
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법이 μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ λ§Œλ“€μ–΄μ§€λŠ”μ§€ λ³΄μ—¬λ“œλ¦¬κ³  κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ
00:08
and ask if it's good enough to do it.
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ν•˜κΈ°μ— μΆ©λΆ„ν•œμ§€ μ—¬μ­€λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:12
How the Cold War shaped today's laws for exploring space...
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냉전이 우주 νƒν—˜μ„ μœ„ν•œ μ˜€λŠ˜λ‚ μ˜ 법칙을 μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ ν˜•μ„±ν–ˆλŠ”μ§€ ...
00:16
If someone disobeys a law, then they lose too.
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λˆ„κ΅°κ°€κ°€ 법을 μ–΄κΈ°λ©΄ κ·Έ μ—­μ‹œ νŒ¨λ°°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:22
So, this is the core principle
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λ”°λΌμ„œ 이것은
00:25
that urges countries to behave in space.
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κ΅­κ°€κ°€ μš°μ£Όμ—μ„œ ν–‰λ™ν•˜λ„λ‘ μ΄‰κ΅¬ν•˜λŠ” 핡심 μ›μΉ™μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:30
What happens after Donald Trump formed a new space military?
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λ„λ„λ“œ νŠΈλŸΌν”„κ°€ μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ μš°μ£Όκ΅°μ„ μ°½μ„€ν•œ ν›„ μ–΄λ–€ 일이 λ²Œμ–΄μ§ˆκΉŒμš” ?
00:40
We've been sending people and spacecraft into orbit for decades.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μˆ˜μ‹­ λ…„ λ™μ•ˆ μ‚¬λžŒκ³Ό μš°μ£Όμ„ μ„ ꢀ도에 λ³΄λƒˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:44
But why has that – so far – remained peaceful?
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그런데 μ™œ μ§€κΈˆ κΉŒμ§€ ν‰ν™”λ‘­κ²Œ μœ μ§€λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
00:51
July 1975...
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1975λ…„ 7μ›”...
00:56
two men shake hands in space.
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두 λ‚¨μžκ°€ μš°μ£Όμ—μ„œ μ•…μˆ˜λ₯Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:00
One was American Brigadier General Thomas Stafford.
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ν•˜λ‚˜λŠ” λ―Έκ΅­ μ€€μž₯ Thomas Staffordμ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:05
The other was cosmonaut Alexei Leonov.
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λ‹€λ₯Έ ν•˜λ‚˜λŠ” 우주 비행사 Alexei Leonovμ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:10
This historic handshake symbolised improving relations
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이 역사적인 μ•…μˆ˜λŠ” λ―Έκ΅­κ³Ό μ†Œλ ¨ μ‚¬μ΄μ˜ μž₯κΈ° λƒ‰μ „μ—μ„œ 관계 κ°œμ„ μ„ μƒμ§•ν–ˆμ§€λ§Œ
01:13
in the long-running Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union,
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01:19
but their conflict was far from over.
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κ·Έλ“€μ˜ κ°ˆλ“±μ€ λλ‚˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:22
The two countries competed for superiority after World War Two.
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두 λ‚˜λΌλŠ” 2μ°¨ μ„Έκ³„λŒ€μ „ 이후 μš°μ›”μ„±μ„ 놓고 κ²½μŸν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μš°μ£Όμ—
01:27
Their efforts to get to space were part of that:
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λ„λ‹¬ν•˜λ €λŠ” κ·Έλ“€μ˜ λ…Έλ ₯은 κ·Έ μΌλΆ€μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:31
this was known as the space race.
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이것은 우주 경쟁으둜 μ•Œλ €μ‘ŒμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:34
So, what was to stop one country
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κ·Έλ ‡λ‹€λ©΄ ν•œ κ΅­κ°€κ°€
01:37
from launching nuclear weapons from a spacecraft
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μš°μ£Όμ„ μ—μ„œ 핡무기λ₯Ό λ°œμ‚¬ν•˜κ±°λ‚˜
01:40
or claiming the Moon as a military base?
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달을 ꡰ사 κΈ°μ§€λ‘œ μ£Όμž₯ν•˜λŠ” 것을 λ§‰λŠ” 것은 λ¬΄μ—‡μž…λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
01:44
The Outer Space Treaty, signed in 1967,
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1967년에 체결된 우주 쑰약은
01:47
was an international effort to make that kind of thing illegal.
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그런 μ’…λ₯˜μ˜ 것을 λΆˆλ²•ν™”ν•˜λ €λŠ” ꡭ제적 λ…Έλ ₯μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:51
Space lawyer Deepika Jayakodi told us what you're banned from doing.
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우주 λ³€ν˜Έμ‚¬ Deepika JayakodiλŠ” 당신이 κΈˆμ§€λœ 일에 λŒ€ν•΄ λ§ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:56
The Outer Space Treaty bans placing weapons of mass destruction,
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우주 쑰약은
02:01
or nuclear weapons, around the Earth's orbit,
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지ꡬ ꢀ도 μ£Όλ³€
02:05
or on the Moon and celestial bodies.
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μ΄λ‚˜ 달과 μ²œμ²΄μ— λŒ€λŸ‰ 살상 무기 λ˜λŠ” 핡무기λ₯Ό λ°°μΉ˜ν•˜λŠ” 것을 κΈˆμ§€ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:08
The Outer Space Treaty also bans establishing military bases,
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우주 쑰약은 λ˜ν•œ ꡰ사 기지 건섀, μš”μƒˆ
02:14
building forts, testing weapons
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건섀, 무기 μ‹œν—˜,
02:19
and also conducting military manoeuvres
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02:25
in the celestial bodies or on the Moon.
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천체 λ˜λŠ” λ‹¬μ—μ„œμ˜ ꡰ사 기동 μˆ˜ν–‰μ„ κΈˆμ§€ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:29
The Outer Space Treaty, or OST,
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우주 μ‘°μ•½(OST)은 λ‹¬μ΄λ‚˜ λ‹€λ₯Έ μ²œμ²΄μ—
02:32
bans weapons of mass destruction on the Moon or other celestial bodies.
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λŒ€ν•œ λŒ€λŸ‰ 살상 무기λ₯Ό κΈˆμ§€ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
02:37
It also means that building military bases is not allowed either.
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ꡰ사 기지 건섀도 ν—ˆμš©λ˜μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ”λ‹€λŠ” λœ»μ΄κΈ°λ„ ν•˜λ‹€.
02:41
So, was it just about stopping nuclear war
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κ·Έλ ‡λ‹€λ©΄
02:43
between the Soviet Union and America?
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μ†Œλ ¨ κ³Ό λ―Έκ΅­ μ‚¬μ΄μ˜ ν•΅μ „μŸμ„ λ§‰λŠ” 것이 μ „λΆ€μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
02:46
The international community wanted to ensure that...
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ꡭ제 μ‚¬νšŒλŠ”
02:50
that rivalries on Earth were not extended into space.
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μ§€κ΅¬μ—μ„œμ˜ 경쟁이 우주둜 ν™•μž₯λ˜μ§€ μ•Šλ„λ‘ ν•˜κΈ°λ₯Ό μ›ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:56
The Outer Space Treaty was also brought at a time
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우주 μ‘°μ•½ 도
02:59
when many countries were gaining freedom from the colonial powers.
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λ§Žμ€ λ‚˜λΌλ“€μ΄ 식민 μ„Έλ ₯μœΌλ‘œλΆ€ν„° 자유λ₯Ό μŸμ·¨ν•˜λ˜ μ‹œκΈ°μ— λ§Œλ“€μ–΄μ‘Œλ‹€.
03:04
So, in essence, this law was meant to avoid conflicts in space
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λ”°λΌμ„œ 본질적으둜 이 법은 μš°μ£Όμ—μ„œμ˜ μΆ©λŒμ„ ν”Όν•˜κ³ 
03:11
and to ensure that the activity's for the benefit of humanity as a whole.
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인λ₯˜ μ „μ²΄μ˜ 이읡을 μœ„ν•œ ν™œλ™μ„ 보μž₯ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•œ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:15
The OST was created to avoid conflict in space
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OSTλŠ” μš°μ£Όμ—μ„œμ˜ μΆ©λŒμ„ ν”Όν•˜κ³ 
03:19
and to make sure that space was for the benefit of all humanity.
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μš°μ£Όκ°€ λͺ¨λ“  인λ₯˜μ˜ 이읡을 μœ„ν•œ κ²ƒμž„μ„ ν™•μΈν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ λ§Œλ“€μ–΄μ‘ŒμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:25
So, what would happen if a country broke the treaty?
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κ·Έλ ‡λ‹€λ©΄ ν•œ κ΅­κ°€κ°€ 쑰약을 μœ„λ°˜ν•˜λ©΄ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ λ κΉŒμš”?
03:29
Nothing really stops any country from disobeying the Outer Space Treaty.
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μ–΄λ–€ ꡭ가도 우주 쑰약에 λΆˆλ³΅μ’…ν•˜λŠ” 것을 막을 μˆ˜λŠ” μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:35
In general, space is a special field.
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일반적으둜 곡간은 νŠΉλ³„ν•œ λΆ„μ•Όμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:38
It is for everyone.
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λͺ¨λ‘λ₯Ό μœ„ν•œ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:40
So, if someone disobeys a law, then they lose too.
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λ”°λΌμ„œ λˆ„κ΅°κ°€κ°€ 법을 μ–΄κΈ°λ©΄ κ·Έ μ‚¬λžŒ 도 μ§€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:46
So, this is the core principle
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λ”°λΌμ„œ 이것은
03:50
that urges countries to behave in space.
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κ΅­κ°€κ°€ μš°μ£Όμ—μ„œ ν–‰λ™ν•˜λ„λ‘ μ΄‰κ΅¬ν•˜λŠ” 핡심 μ›μΉ™μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:55
Although there's nothing to stop a country disobeying the OST,
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κ΅­κ°€κ°€ OST에 λΆˆμˆœμ’…ν•˜λŠ” 것을 막을 μˆ˜λŠ” μ—†μ§€λ§Œ
03:58
if they break a rule, it impacts them too.
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κ·œμΉ™μ„ μ–΄κΈ°λ©΄ κ·Έλ“€μ—κ²Œλ„ 영ν–₯을 λ―ΈμΉ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:02
So, is the treaty good enough for today?
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ, κ·Έ 쑰약은 μ˜€λŠ˜λ‚ μ—λ„ μΆ©λΆ„ν•©λ‹ˆκΉŒ? 우주 μ‘°μ•½
04:04
The principles in the Outer Space Treaty are as valid
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의 원칙은
04:09
as the were a few decades ago.
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μˆ˜μ‹­ λ…„ μ „λ§ŒνΌ μœ νš¨ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:12
Having said that, there are some ambiguities and gaps in the law,
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 기술과 개발둜 인해 λ²•μ—λŠ” μ•½κ°„μ˜ λͺ¨ν˜Έν•¨κ³Ό 곡백이 있으며
04:17
because of new technologies and developments,
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04:20
and there are a lot of efforts that are going on
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04:23
to fill the gaps in the existing laws.
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κΈ°μ‘΄ 법λ₯ μ˜ 곡백을 λ©”μš°κΈ° μœ„ν•œ λ§Žμ€ λ…Έλ ₯이 μ§„ν–‰λ˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:27
The OST was created a long time ago
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OSTλŠ” λ§Œλ“€μ–΄μ§„ 지 였래돼
04:31
so there are some gaps in the laws,
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법에 ν—ˆμ μ΄ μžˆμ§€λ§Œ
04:34
but the principles are still valid.
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원칙은 μ—¬μ „νžˆ β€‹β€‹μœ νš¨ν•˜λ‹€. 미ꡭ이 우주 쑰약에 μ„œλͺ…ν•œ 이후 상황이 μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ λ³€ν–ˆλŠ”μ§€μ— λŒ€ν•œ
04:36
Let's have a look at a very real example of how the situation has changed
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맀우 μ‹€μ œμ μΈ 예λ₯Ό μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
04:41
since America signed the Outer Space Treaty.
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. 2019λ…„ 마이크 펜슀
04:45
Former US Vice President Mike Pence in 2019.
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μ „ λ―Έκ΅­ 뢀톡령.
04:49
As the President has said,
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λŒ€ν†΅λ Ήμ΄ λ§ν–ˆλ“―μ΄,
04:52
we all recognise – it's been frankly true for decades –
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우리 λͺ¨λ‘λŠ” μ†”μ§νžˆ μˆ˜μ‹­ λ…„ λ™μ•ˆ μ‚¬μ‹€μ΄μ—ˆλ‹€λŠ” 것을 μΈμ‹ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:56
in his words, space is a war-fighting domain.
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그의 말에 λ”°λ₯΄λ©΄ μš°μ£ΌλŠ” μ „μŸ μ˜μ—­μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:59
The United States Space Force will ensure that our nation is prepared.
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λ―Έκ΅­ μš°μ£Όκ΅°μ€ 우리 λ‚˜λΌκ°€ λŒ€λΉ„λ˜λ„λ‘ ν•  κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:04
America launched a new space military service,
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미ꡭ은 κ·Έν•΄ ν›„λ°˜μ— μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 우주ꡰ인
05:07
the Space Force, later that year.
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μš°μ£Όκ΅°μ„ μ°½μ„€ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
05:10
Although it sounds like something straight out of Star Wars,
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마치 μŠ€νƒ€μ›Œμ¦ˆμ—μ„œ νŠ€μ–΄λ‚˜μ˜¨ κ²ƒμ²˜λŸΌ λ“€λ¦¬μ§€λ§Œ
05:13
the US Space Force is not as dramatic as it sounds.
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λ―Έκ΅­ μš°μ£Όκ΅°μ€ λ“€λ¦¬λŠ” κ²ƒλ§ŒνΌ 극적이지 μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:17
It does not intend to send troops into space.
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κ΅°λŒ€λ₯Ό 우주둜 보낼 생각은 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:20
Instead, it would protect the things that belong to the US,
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λŒ€μ‹  톡신 및 κ°μ‹œμ— μ‚¬μš©λ˜λŠ” μœ„μ„±κ³Ό 같이 미ꡭ에 μ†ν•œ 것을 λ³΄ν˜Έν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
05:24
like satellites used for communications and surveillance.
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.
05:27
But the US isn't the first country to use space for military purposes.
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ 미ꡭ이 우주λ₯Ό ꡰ사 λͺ©μ μœΌλ‘œ μ‚¬μš©ν•œ 졜초의 κ΅­κ°€λŠ” μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:33
Russia and China have been doing it for years,
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λŸ¬μ‹œμ•„μ™€ 쀑ꡭ은 μˆ˜λ…„ λ™μ•ˆ 이λ₯Ό μˆ˜ν–‰ν•΄ μ™”μœΌλ©°
05:36
and it's believed that all three countries have tested weapons
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μ„Έ κ΅­κ°€ λͺ¨λ‘
05:40
that could destroy a satellite in space.
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μš°μ£Όμ—μ„œ μœ„μ„±μ„ νŒŒκ΄΄ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” 무기λ₯Ό ν…ŒμŠ€νŠΈν•œ κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ μ—¬κ²¨μ§‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:43
Do these new developments mean space,
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μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ λ°œμ „μ€
05:46
as domain of peace, is over?
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ν‰ν™”μ˜ μ˜μ—­μœΌλ‘œμ„œμ˜ μš°μ£Όκ°€ λλ‚¬λ‹€λŠ” 것을 μ˜λ―Έν•©λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
05:49
Does the Space Force break the Outer Space Treaty?
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μš°μ£Όκ΅°μ€ 우주 쑰약을 μœ„λ°˜ν•©λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
05:53
Here's Professor Dale Stephens,
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λ‹€μŒμ€ μ• λ“€λ ˆμ΄λ“œ λŒ€ν•™
05:55
a space war specialist from the University of Adelaide:
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의 우주 μ „μŸ 전문가인 데일 μŠ€ν‹°λΈμŠ€ κ΅μˆ˜μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
05:59
The creation of the US Space Force is not breaking any laws.
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λ―Έκ΅­ 우주ꡰ의 창섀은 μ–΄λ– ν•œ 법도 μœ„λ°˜ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:02
Many states that operate in space have, within their militaries,
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μš°μ£Όμ—μ„œ ν™œλ™ν•˜λŠ” λ§Žμ€ κ΅­κ°€λŠ” κ΅°λŒ€ 내에
06:07
components that work with their military satellites
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ꡰ사 μœ„μ„±
06:11
and their military objects. So, what the Americans have done
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및 ꡰ사 물체와 ν•¨κ»˜ μž‘λ™ν•˜λŠ” ꡬ성 μš”μ†Œλ₯Ό 가지고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 미ꡭ인듀이 ν•œ 일은
06:14
is quite consistent with what other countries are doing.
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λ‹€λ₯Έ λ‚˜λΌλ“€μ΄ ν•˜λŠ” 일과 μƒλ‹Ήνžˆ μΌμΉ˜ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:18
What America has done is given it more prominence
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미ꡭ이 ν•œ 것은 더 λ‘λ“œλŸ¬μ§€κ³ 
06:21
and given it a particular place in their structure,
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κ΅¬μ‘°μ—μ„œ νŠΉλ³„ν•œ μœ„μΉ˜λ₯Ό λΆ€μ—¬ν–ˆμ§€λ§Œ
06:24
but countries like Russia and China also have a Space Force,
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λŸ¬μ‹œμ•„μ™€ 쀑ꡭ과 같은 ꡭ가에도 우주ꡰ이 μžˆμ§€λ§Œ
06:29
but it's just presented in a different way.
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λ‹€λ₯Έ λ°©μ‹μœΌλ‘œ μ œμ‹œλ˜μ—ˆμ„ λΏμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:32
Although the US Space Force is a new development,
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λ―Έκ΅­ μš°μ£Όκ΅°μ€ μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ κ°œλ°œμ΄μ§€λ§Œ
06:35
it doesn't break any laws and other countries have similar operations.
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μ–΄λ–€ 법λ₯ λ„ μœ„λ°˜ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμœΌλ©° λ‹€λ₯Έ κ΅­κ°€μ—μ„œλ„ μœ μ‚¬ν•œ μž‘μ „μ„ μˆ˜ν–‰ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μš°μ£Όμ—μ„œ μ‹Έμš°λŠ”
06:40
Has anyone broken the law around fighting in space?
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법을 μ–΄κΈ΄ μ‚¬λžŒμ΄ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ ?
06:44
There have been no breaches so far in space.
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μ§€κΈˆκΉŒμ§€ μš°μ£Όμ—μ„œ μ–΄λ–€ μœ„λ°˜λ„ μ—†μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:48
That's not to say that satellites and space objects
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μΈκ³΅μœ„μ„±κ³Ό 우주 물체가
06:53
have not been used for fighting armed conflict on Earth; they have.
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μ§€κ΅¬μƒμ˜ 무λ ₯ μΆ©λŒμ— μ‚¬μš©λ˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜λ‹€λŠ” 것은 μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€. 그듀은 가지고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:58
But in terms of space itself, there's been no war in space,
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ 우주 자체의 κ΄€μ μ—μ„œ λ³Ό λ•Œ μš°μ£Όμ—λŠ” μ „μŸμ΄λ‚˜ 좩돌이 μ—†μ—ˆκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ—
07:03
there's been no conflict and so there has been no breach yet,
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아직 μœ„λ°˜μ΄ μ—†μ—ˆμ§€λ§Œ
07:07
but it may be just a matter of time,
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μ‹œκ°„ 문제 일 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:12
in which case we've got to be very clear about what the law is,
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이 경우 μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 무엇에 λŒ€ν•΄ 맀우 λͺ…ν™•ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€ 법은
07:16
so as to avoid misunderstanding.
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μ˜€ν•΄λ₯Ό ν”Όν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•œ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:19
So far, there haven't been any breaches of the law in space,
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μ§€κΈˆκΉŒμ§€ μš°μ£Όμ—μ„œ 법을 μœ„λ°˜ν•œ μ‚¬λ‘€λŠ” μ—†μ—ˆμ§€λ§Œ
07:23
but the law must be very clear to prevent misunderstandings.
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법은 μ˜€ν•΄λ₯Ό λ°©μ§€ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ 맀우 λͺ…ν™•ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:28
What would happen if a country stepped out of line?
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κ΅­κ°€κ°€ 선을 λ„˜μœΌλ©΄ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ λ κΉŒμš”?
07:31
So, depending on what the law is, if they've committed a war crime,
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λ”°λΌμ„œ 법이 무엇인지에 따라 그듀이 μ „μŸ 범죄λ₯Ό μ €μ§ˆλ €λ‹€λ©΄
07:35
then if they are party to the International Criminal Court,
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ꡭ제 ν˜•μ‚¬ μž¬νŒμ†Œμ˜ λ‹Ήμ‚¬μžλΌλ©΄
07:38
then they or the individuals who committed the war crime
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κ·Έλ“€ λ˜λŠ” μ „μŸ 범죄λ₯Ό 저지λ₯Έ 개인이 법정에
07:41
can find themselves before the court.
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μ„€ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
07:44
If they've committed an act of aggression,
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그듀이 침랡 ν–‰μœ„λ₯Ό μ €μ§ˆλ €λ‹€λ©΄
07:46
then the Security Council can step in, much as it can on Earth
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μ•ˆλ³΄λ¦¬κ°€ κ°œμž…ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ§€κ΅¬μƒμ—μ„œ ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” 것과 λ§ˆμ°¬κ°€μ§€λ‘œ
07:50
and it can make a determination about violation.
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μœ„λ°˜μ— λŒ€ν•œ 결정을 내릴 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:53
And you've always got bodies such as the International Committee of the Red Cross
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그리고 항상 κ΅­μ œμ μ‹­μžμœ„μ›νšŒμ™€ 같이 무λ ₯λΆ„μŸλ²•
07:56
that are forever monitoring compliance with the law of armed conflict
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μ€€μˆ˜λ₯Ό μ§€μ†μ μœΌλ‘œ κ°μ‹œν•˜λŠ” 기ꡬ가 μžˆμ–΄
08:00
and they would certainly get involved if a country steps out of line.
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κ΅­κ°€κ°€ 선을 λ„˜μœΌλ©΄ ν™•μ‹€νžˆ κ°œμž…ν•  κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:05
If a country commits a crime in space,
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ν•œ κ΅­κ°€κ°€ μš°μ£Όμ—μ„œ 범죄λ₯Ό 저지λ₯΄λ©΄ μ§€κ΅¬μ—μ„œμ²˜λŸΌ
08:07
they could go to court just like on Earth.
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법정에 갈 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
08:10
Organisations like the Red Cross check they're following the law
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μ μ‹­μžμ™€ 같은 쑰직은
08:14
in armed conflicts on Earth.
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μ§€κ΅¬μƒμ˜ 무λ ₯ λΆ„μŸμ—μ„œ 법을 μ€€μˆ˜ν•˜κ³  μžˆλŠ”μ§€ ν™•μΈν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:16
But do space treaties only cover the countries that have signed them?
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ 우주 쑰약은 μ„œλͺ…ν•œ κ΅­κ°€μ—λ§Œ μ μš©λ©λ‹ˆκΉŒ ?
08:21
International law comprises of treaties,
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κ΅­μ œλ²•μ€ μ‘°μ•½μœΌλ‘œ κ΅¬μ„±λ˜μ–΄
08:24
but it also comprises of something called customary international law,
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μžˆμ§€λ§Œ
08:27
which is like common law,
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08:30
which exists in the UK and Commonwealth nations,
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영ꡭ과 μ˜μ—°λ°© ꡭ가에 μ‘΄μž¬ν•˜λŠ” 보톡법과 같은 κ΄€μŠ΅ κ΅­μ œλ²•μ΄λΌλŠ” κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œλ„ κ΅¬μ„±λ˜μ–΄ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:33
and there is no doubt in anybody's mind
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08:37
that when it comes to weapons of mass destruction, like nuclear weapons,
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핡무기와 λ§ˆμ°¬κ°€μ§€λ‘œ
08:41
then the prohibition that is contained in the treaty
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쑰약에 ν¬ν•¨λœ κΈˆμ§€ 사항은 κ΄€μŠ΅ κ΅­μ œλ²•μ˜
08:45
also applies as a matter of customary international law.
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λ¬Έμ œλ‘œλ„ μ μš©λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€ . μ‘°μ•½μ΄λ‚˜ κ΅­μ œκ΄€μŠ΅λ²•μ— 따라
08:49
There is no legal argument available to any country
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08:53
to put a nuclear weapon in full orbit around the Earth
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핡무기λ₯Ό 지ꡬ ꢀ도에 μ™„μ „νžˆ μ§„μž…μ‹œν‚€λŠ” 데 μ–΄λ–€ ꡭ가도 μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” 법적 μ£Όμž₯이 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
08:57
under either the treaty or this thing called customary international law.
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.
09:01
Customary law means that no country can do something
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κ΄€μŠ΅λ²•μ΄λž€ μ–΄λ–€ ꡭ가도
09:05
like putting a nuclear weapon in space,
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09:08
even if they haven't actually signed a treaty agreeing to it.
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μ‹€μ œλ‘œ 쑰약에 μ„œλͺ…ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜λ”λΌλ„ μš°μ£Όμ— 핡무기λ₯Ό λ°°μΉ˜ν•˜λŠ” 것과 같은 일을 ν•  수 μ—†λ‹€λŠ” 것을 μ˜λ―Έν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
09:12
Space exploration is meant to be for the benefit of all humankind.
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우주 νƒμ‚¬λŠ” λͺ¨λ“  인λ₯˜μ˜ 이읡을 μœ„ν•œ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:18
Avoiding war is a benefit.
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μ „μŸμ„ ν”Όν•˜λŠ” 것이 μ΄λ“μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:21
This makes space wars very unlikely.
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이것은 우주 μ „μŸμ„ κ°€λŠ₯성이 맀우 ν¬λ°•ν•˜κ²Œ λ§Œλ“­λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:25
We've seen that that covers recent developments.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 그것이 졜근의 λ°œμ „μ„ λ‹€λ£¨λŠ” 것을 λ³΄μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:28
And even if countries haven't signed up,
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κ΅­κ°€κ°€ μ„œλͺ…ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜λ”λΌλ„
09:31
the law still keeps space free from nuclear weapons,
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이 법은 μ—¬μ „νžˆ ​​핡무기가 μ—†λŠ” 곡간을 μœ μ§€ν•˜μ—¬
09:34
keeping us safe here on Earth.
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μ—¬κΈ° μ§€κ΅¬μ—μ„œ 우리λ₯Ό μ•ˆμ „ν•˜κ²Œ μ§€μΌœμ€λ‹ˆλ‹€.

Original video on YouTube.com
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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