Climate crisis: Last warning for humanity? BBC News Review

178,656 views ・ 2021-08-10

BBC Learning English


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Climate change is 'code red for humanity', says the United Nations.
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Hi, I'm Tom. Joining me this morning is Catherine. Hi Catherine.
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Hello Tom. Hello everybody. And if you'd like to do a quiz on
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today's vocabulary, just go to our website bbclearningenglish.com.
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Now, let's hear more on this story from this BBC News report:
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So, the UN is set to release a new report on the effects of climate change.
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It's going to contain details about the impact of climate change
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on the natural world. It's expected to be the strongest warning yet.
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And it warns about what might happen if global temperature rises
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are not kept to 1.5° Celsius above pre-industrial levels.
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So, serious news there from the UN.
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Serious indeed. Thank you, Catherine.
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Now, you have three words and expressions picked out from the media
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to describe today's story, right?
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Yes, we are looking at: 'stark', 'a wake-up call' and 'dire'.
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'Stark', 'a wake-up call' and 'dire'.
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Catherine, let's have a look at your first headline please.
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Sure. We are starting today in Scotland with The National – the headline:
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'Stark' – clear and unpleasant.
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Catherine, what can you tell us about 'stark'?
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Well, 'stark', Tom, is an adjective. The spelling is: S-T-A-R-K.
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And as you said it means clear and unpleasant.
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So, the warning that the UN has given
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about climate change is a clear warning.
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It's an unpleasant warning. It's really, kind of...
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the idea is shocking and something that's very difficult to ignore.
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So, we're talking about 'stark' in the context of climate change,
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which is obviously a hugely important global issue.
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When could we use this word in more everyday speech,
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or an everyday context?
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Yeah, we get 'stark' warnings all the time and in our personal life
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– you imagine a child at school and this child is misbehaving,
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and the first couple of times the teacher, kind of...
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you know, just checks them quite gently,
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  but maybe the third or fourth time of bad behaviour,
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they're going to get a 'stark' warning from the teacher.
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Maybe a kind of... you know, a threat of punishment
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or they might raise their voice a little bit.
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And then the child will be really, really clear
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about the possible consequences if they don't change their behaviour.
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Yeah, they could get a letter home or something like that.
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... Yeah. Yeah.
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So, we could have a 'stark warning'.
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Are there any other collocations that go with this adjective 'stark'?
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Yes, we can talk... it means, in the sense of clarity –
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things being very clear – you can talk about a 'stark contrast':
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two things are very, very different – there's a 'stark contrast'.
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So, we could say that black is a 'stark contrast' to white, right?
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As a basic example. Now, I know that there's one other collocation,
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which is quite common in British English,
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which is 'stark naked', right?
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'Stark naked', yes. You...
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you use that especially if somebody sort of....
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if you surprise somebody when they're getting changed, for example.
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You might say, 'Ooh, they were stark naked!'
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They were clearly and unpleasantly naked, you could almost say! OK.
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Thank you for that Catherine. Thanks for the examples.
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Let's take a look at our summary slide please:
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OK. Today we're talking about a 'stark' warning from the UN on
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climate change. The UN, in 2019, also delivered a 'stark' warning
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from a report on nature loss and we did a News Review about this.
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Catherine, how can the audience find this?
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You just have to click the link.
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Just click the link in the description.
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Great! Catherine, let's have a look at your second headline please.
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Yes, we're here with the BBC News and the headline:
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'A wake-up call' – a shocking event,
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which can cause changes in behaviour or attitude.
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Catherine, over to you.
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Yes. Now, we start with 'a'. Then the second word: 'wake' – W-A-K-E.
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Third word is 'up' – U-P. But – those two words,
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'wake' and 'up', are joined with a hyphen when you write them.
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And the final word is 'call' – C-A-L-L.
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So, you have 'a wake-up call'. Now, Tom,
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I'm sure you've had 'a wake-up call' in a hotel,
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haven't you, at some point in your life?
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I have, yeah. 'A wake-up call' in a hotel is when someone gives
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you a phone call to wake you up, or stop you from sleeping.
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Yes, and it's a bit of a shock, isn't it? When you're lying...
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you wake up in a strange bed with the phone ringing
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and you're, like, 'Where am I? What's happening?'
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It sort of makes you jump a bit, doesn't it?
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It's... it's alarming, yeah. And you could say it causes alarm, yeah.
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Yes. Which is why we call it an 'alarm call' sometimes.
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So, that's the kind of idea of 'a wake-up call' originally.
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Now, in this context,
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we're not talking about hotels and making you wake up in the morning,
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but we are talking about a shock: something that, kind of,
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jolts you into reality and makes you pay attention and take action.
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OK. So, we're talking about 'wake-up call',
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again in this serious context of climate change.
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Could you give us an example of when we can use 'wake-up call'
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in a more everyday context?
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Yes. Well, if you think about those lazy students, Tom.
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I'm sure you weren't one but, you know, there's always that time
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at university when you get fed up of working really hard
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and the grades slip a bit and it's a bit...
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Yeah, I heard... I heard about that time – never happened to me, obviously.
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Yes... I'm sure, I'm sure. And then one day you get a grade,
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which is really quite low: it's a D, maybe an E even, and you go,
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'Ugh... oh, no! Right, party time's over.
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I'm going to have to start working,
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because if I don't I'm going to fail this course.'
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So, that bad grade – that D or that E – was a 'wake-up call'
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because it makes you get back to reality, work harder.
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So, a serious warning that makes you change your behaviour
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is 'a wake-up call'.
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So, low grades are 'a wake-up call' to lazy students
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and of course... Should be.
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...and of course, anyone watching this
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is taking ownership of their education
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and will not need that 'wake-up call'. Great!
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Let's have our summary slide please:
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OK. Talking about waking up, we have another News Review
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on people who can't sleep during lockdown.
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Catherine, where can they find this?
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Just click that link.
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Click that link in the description. Great!
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Catherine, let's have a look at our next headline for today please.
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And we're in Ireland now: RTE – the headline:
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'Dire' – very serious; bad.
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Catherine, what can you tell us about this word?
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It has four letters, Tom: D-I-R-E. It's pronounced 'dire' and yes,
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it means very, very serious or very, very bad.
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So, in the headline 'dire climate change warnings' – we've also
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spoken about 'stark warnings' today.
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What's the difference between these two adjectives 'dire' and 'stark'?
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Yes, they're very closely related.
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They talked about 'dire warnings' and 'stark warnings'.
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'Stark' means it's really, really clear: if something's 'stark',
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it's obvious, it's very difficult to ignore.
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If something's bad... sorry! If something's 'dire',
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it's really, really bad.
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So, both of those words, 'stark' and 'dire',
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relate to something being serious, but 'stark' is clear – 'dire' is bad.
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And this word 'dire', when we talk about 'dire climate change warnings'
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– obviously warnings about climate change – things could get very bad:
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big, serious context. Again, can we use it in more everyday speech?
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Absolutely. Anything that is really, really bad – like, really,
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really bad can be 'dire'. Anything from a film, to a song, to a party,
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to a pizza – you can get a terrible, really, really bad teacher... pizza!
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You can say, 'That pizza was absolutely dire!'
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It means the worst pizza you've ever eaten.
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Yeah. It's, kind of, very disappointing, isn't it?
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Terrible... just terrible ...if something's 'dire'.
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Anyway, hopefully no one's going to be thinking that our News Review is
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'dire' today, so on... on that funny joke, let's cut to the slide please.
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OK. Catherine, can you recap today's vocabulary for the audience please?
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Yes. We had 'stark' – clear and unpleasant.
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We had 'a wake-up call' – a shocking event
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which can cause changes to attitude or behaviour.
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And 'dire', which means very serious and bad.
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Thank you, Catherine. Don't forget – we have a quiz on today's vocabulary:
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bbclearningenglish.com is the website.
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And of course we're all over social media as well.
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That's it from us today. Thank you for being here and goodbye.
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Goodbye!
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