How to Pronounce TH | The ULTIMATE Guide for English Learners!

1,133,917 views ใƒป 2018-09-27

mmmEnglish


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:09
Well hey there I'm Emma from mmmEnglish!
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€mmmEnglishใฎEmmaใงใ™ใ€‚
00:13
In this lesson, I'll go over the pronunciation
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ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใง
00:16
of the 'th' sounds.
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ใฏใ€ใ€Œthใ€ใฎ้Ÿณใฎ็™บ้Ÿณใซใคใ„ใฆ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:19
I'll remind you how to make the sounds
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00:22
because actually there are two sounds
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ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏ
00:24
made by the letters 'th'
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ใ€Œthใ€ใฎๆ–‡ๅญ—ใง2ใคใฎ้ŸณใŒ้ณดใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€้Ÿณใฎไฝœใ‚Šๆ–น
00:27
and I'll give you some guidelines
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ใ‚’ๆ€ใ„ๅ‡บใ—ใพใ™
00:30
to help you to decide when to use each sound.
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ใ€‚ใใ‚Œใžใ‚Œใฎ้Ÿณใ‚’ใ„ใคไฝฟใ†ใ‹ใ‚’ๆฑบใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคใ‚ฌใ‚คใƒ‰ใƒฉใ‚คใƒณใ‚’ใ„ใใคใ‹็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:34
And more importantly,
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ใ•ใ‚‰ใซ้‡่ฆใชใฎใฏใ€
00:35
we'll practise using these sounds in sentences
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ้Ÿณใ‚’ๆ–‡็ซ ใงไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹็ทด็ฟ’ใ‚’
00:39
because that's when it gets tricky.
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ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
00:41
Before we get started,
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ๅง‹ใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ‰ใซใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใฎๆ—…
00:42
I want to say a huge welcome to my newest subscribers
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ใซ
00:46
I'm looking forward to taking you on an
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ใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’้€ฃใ‚Œใฆ่กŒใใฎใ‚’ๆฅฝใ—ใฟใซใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹็งใฎๆœ€ๆ–ฐใฎๅŠ ๅ…ฅ่€…ใซๅคงใ„ใซๆญ“่ฟŽใ—ใพใ™
00:49
English language journey.
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ใ€‚
00:51
If you haven't subscribed to my channel yet,
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็งใฎใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซใ‚’ใพใ ่ณผ่ชญใ—ใฆใ„ใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€
00:53
then you can do it just by
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00:54
hitting that red subscribe button right there.
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ใใฎ่ตคใ„่ณผ่ชญใƒœใ‚ฟใƒณใ‚’ๆŠผใ™ใ ใ‘ใง่ณผ่ชญใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
00:57
Okay so the 'th' sounds are really common,
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ€Œthใ€ใฎ้Ÿณใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใงใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใงใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซไธ€่ˆฌ็š„
01:01
really common in English,
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01:02
though, not many other languages use these sounds.
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ใงใ™ใŒใ€ไป–ใฎๅคšใใฎ่จ€่ชžใŒใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ้Ÿณใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
01:06
So if you're having trouble pronouncing the 'th' sounds,
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ€Œthใ€ใฎ้Ÿณใ‚’็™บ้Ÿณใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใซๅ•้กŒใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€
01:10
then don't feel bad about it, you're definitely not alone.
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ใใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆๆ‚ชใๆ„Ÿใ˜ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ้–“้•ใ„ใชใไธ€ไบบใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
01:14
But the good news is you can improve this sound
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€่‰ฏใ„ใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใฏใ€ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚ฆใƒณใƒ‰
01:18
and you can start to feel more natural as you're using it
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ใ‚’ๆ”นๅ–„ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใซใคใ‚Œใฆใ‚ˆใ‚Š่‡ช็„ถใซๆ„Ÿใ˜ๅง‹ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจ
01:22
but you have to commit!
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ใงใ™ใŒใ€ใ‚ณใƒŸใƒƒใƒˆใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™๏ผ
01:25
Improving your pronunciation is like going to the gym.
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็™บ้Ÿณใ‚’ๆ”นๅ–„ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใ€ใ‚ธใƒ ใซ่กŒใใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
01:29
The first time, you're gonna suck at it.
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ๅˆใ‚ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅธใ†ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚
01:32
But each time that you go back
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆˆปใฃใฆ
01:34
and you work those muscles a little bit more,
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ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ็ญ‹่‚‰ใ‚’ใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ—ๅƒใ‹ใ›ใ‚‹ใŸใณใซ
01:37
the easier it will get
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ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ˆใ‚Š็ฐกๅ˜ใซ
01:38
and the better you'll feel about yourself, right?
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ใชใ‚Šใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ่‡ชๅˆ†่‡ช่บซใซใคใ„ใฆใ‚ˆใ‚Š่‰ฏใๆ„Ÿใ˜ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†๏ผŸ
01:41
So remember, that the tongue is also a muscle
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€่ˆŒใฏ็ญ‹่‚‰
01:44
and you need to strengthen it, you need to workout.
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ใงใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅผทๅŒ–ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใƒˆใƒฌใƒผใƒ‹ใƒณใ‚ฐใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
01:48
So let's review the position of the tongue.
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€่ˆŒใฎไฝ็ฝฎใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
01:51
Open your mouth and push your tongue through,
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ๅฃใ‚’้–‹ใ‘ใฆใ€่ˆŒใ‚’
01:55
just a little,
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ๅฐ‘ใ—ใ ใ‘ใ€
01:57
not like this,
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ใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใงใฏใชใใ€ใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆŠผใ—่พผใฟใพใ™
01:58
like this.
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ใ€‚ ่ˆŒใ‚’ๆญขใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๆ‰€
02:00
Put your finger there if you're unsure about
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ใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใใ“ใซๆŒ‡ใ‚’็ฝฎใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
02:02
where to stop your tongue.
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ใ€‚
02:05
Notice that the tongue is not completely relaxed,
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่ˆŒใŒๅฎŒๅ…จใซใƒชใƒฉใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใ—ใฆใ„ใชใ„ใ“ใจใซๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
02:08
there's a little tension.
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ใ€‚ๅฐ‘ใ—็ทŠๅผตใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:10
If you rub the bottom of your teeth with your tongue,
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ๆญฏใฎ่ฃใ‚’่ˆŒใงใ“ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€
02:13
can you feel the tension in your tongue?
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่ˆŒใฎ็ทŠๅผตใ‚’ๆ„Ÿใ˜ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
02:16
This is the same amount of tension that you need to
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€
02:19
hold the 'th' position.
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ใ€Œthใ€ใฎไฝ็ฝฎใ‚’ไฟๆŒใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซๅฟ…่ฆใชๅผตๅŠ›ใจๅŒใ˜้‡ใงใ™ใ€‚
02:21
The tongue is not completely relaxed, it's lifted
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่ˆŒใฏๅฎŒๅ…จใซใƒชใƒฉใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใชใใ€ๆŒใกไธŠใ’
02:25
and running through the middle of your mouth.
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ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใฆๅฃใฎ็œŸใ‚“ไธญใ‚’้€šใ‚ŠๆŠœใ‘ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:27
If your tongue is too high in the mouth,
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่ˆŒใŒๅฃใฎไธญใง
02:29
up behind your teeth,
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ใ€ๆญฏใฎๅพŒใ‚ใง้ซ˜ใ™ใŽใ‚‹
02:31
you'll make that /t/ or /d/ sound.
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ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใใฎ/ t /ใพใŸใฏ/ d /ใฎ้Ÿณใ‚’ๅ‡บใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:35
And if your tongue is not coming through your teeth,
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่ˆŒใŒใ‚ใชใŸใฎๆญฏใ‚’้€šใ‚ŠๆŠœใ‘ใฆใ„ใชใ„
02:38
if you keep it inside, you'll make a /s/ or a /z/ sound.
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ใชใ‚‰ใฐใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใใ‚Œใ‚’ไธญใซไฟใคใชใ‚‰ใฐใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ/ s /ใพใŸใฏ/ z /้Ÿณใ‚’ๅ‡บใ™ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
02:46
So you really must pay attention to the tip
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่ˆŒใฎๅ…ˆ็ซฏใซๆณจๆ„ใ‚’ๆ‰•ใ‚ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
02:50
of your tongue,
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ใ€
02:51
it must come through between your teeth.
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎๆญฏใฎ้–“ใ‚’้€šใ‚‰ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
02:54
Now as I mentioned, there are two 'th' sounds,
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ใ•ใฆใ€็งใŒ่จ€ใฃใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€2ใคใฎใ€Œthใ€้Ÿณ
02:59
a voiced sound and an unvoiced sound.
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ใ€ๆœ‰ๅฃฐ้Ÿณใจ็„กๅฃฐ้ŸณใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
03:03
Now both of these sounds use exactly
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็พๅœจใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใ‚ตใ‚ฆใƒณใƒ‰ใฏไธกๆ–นใจใ‚‚
03:06
the same mouth position.
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ใพใฃใŸใๅŒใ˜ๅฃใฎไฝ็ฝฎใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:07
It's just that the sound comes from a different place.
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้ŸณใŒๅˆฅใฎๅ ดๆ‰€ใ‹ใ‚‰ๆฅใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚
03:11
Voiced consonant sounds
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03:13
are made using the vocal cords.
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ๅฃฐๅธฏใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆๅญ้ŸณใŒ้ณดใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
03:15
So once you've got your teeth and your mouth in
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ๆญฏใจๅฃใฎ
03:18
position and you make a sound here,
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ไฝ็ฝฎใ‚’ๆฑบใ‚ใฆใ€ใ“ใ“ใง้Ÿณใ‚’ๅ‡บใ™
03:21
you should feel a buzzing.
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ใจใ€ใƒ–ใƒผใƒณใจใ„ใ†้ŸณใŒใ™ใ‚‹ใฏใšใงใ™ใ€‚
03:26
It might even tickle your tongue a little.
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่ˆŒใ‚’ๅฐ‘ใ—ใใ™ใใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
03:29
Unvoiced consonant sounds are made by air
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็„กๅฃฐๅญ้Ÿณใฏใ€็ฉบๆฐ—ใŒ
03:32
pushing through your mouth.
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ๅฃใ‹ใ‚‰ๆŠผใ—ๅ‡บใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใง็™บ็”Ÿใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:34
So it's the air that creates the sound.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€้Ÿณใ‚’็”Ÿใฟๅ‡บใ™ใฎใฏ็ฉบๆฐ—ใงใ™ใ€‚
03:36
So keep your tongue and your mouth
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€่ˆŒใจๅฃ
03:38
in the same position,
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ใ‚’ๅŒใ˜ไฝ็ฝฎใซไฟใก
03:40
make sure you've got some air in your lungs
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ใ€่‚บใซ็ฉบๆฐ—ใŒๅ…ฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ—ใฆ
03:42
and push the air through.
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ใ€็ฉบๆฐ—ใ‚’ๆŠผใ—ๅ‡บใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:48
So this is the unvoiced 'th' sound.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ็„กๅฃฐใฎใ€Œthใ€ใ‚ตใ‚ฆใƒณใƒ‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
03:51
So when should you use the voiced
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ใงใฏใ€ใ„ใคๆœ‰ๅฃฐ้ŸณใพใŸใฏ็„กๅฃฐ้Ÿณใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
03:54
or the unvoiced sound?
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ใ‹๏ผŸ
03:57
That's a great question
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03:58
because both sounds are represented
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ไธกๆ–นใฎ้ŸณใŒ
04:00
by the same letters.
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ๅŒใ˜ๆ–‡ๅญ—ใง่กจใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„่ณชๅ•ใงใ™ใ€‚
04:02
And I wish I had a simple answer for you,
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ใใ—ใฆใ€็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใซ็ฐกๅ˜ใช็ญ”ใˆใŒใ‚ใ‚Œใฐใ„ใ„ใฎใซใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:05
I know that you like it when I have a simple explanation
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04:08
of why this rule is like that and when you should use it
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ใชใœใ“ใฎใƒซใƒผใƒซใŒใใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ€ใใ—ใฆใ„ใคใใ‚Œใ‚’ไฝฟใ†ในใใชใฎใ‹ใ‚’็ฐกๅ˜ใซ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚ŒใŒๅฅฝใใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™
04:13
but unfortunately in this situation,
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ใŒใ€ๆฎ‹ๅฟตใชใŒใ‚‰ใ“ใฎ็Šถๆณ
04:17
there are lots of exceptions.
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ใงใฏๅคšใใฎไพ‹ๅค–ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
04:19
But there are some guidelines
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—
04:22
that I'm going to share with you,
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ใ€็งใŒใ‚ใชใŸใจๅ…ฑๆœ‰ใ—ใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎ
04:23
guides that will help you to make a decision
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ใ‚ฌใ‚คใƒ‰ใƒฉใ‚คใƒณใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆฑบๅฎšใ‚’ไธ‹ใ™ใฎ
04:26
and help you to use the correct 'th' sound.
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ใ‚’ๅŠฉใ‘ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆญฃใ—ใ„ใ€Œthใ€ใ‚ตใ‚ฆใƒณใƒ‰ใ‚’ไฝฟใ†ใฎใ‚’ๅŠฉใ‘ใ‚‹ใ‚ฌใ‚คใƒ‰ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
04:31
Remember they're guides, not rules
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ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏใƒซใƒผใƒซใงใฏใชใใ‚ฌใ‚คใƒ‰ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
04:34
but let's focus on the unvoiced sound first,
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๆœ€ๅˆใซ็ฉบๆฐ—ใงไฝœใ‚‰ใ‚ŒใŸ็„กๅฃฐใฎ้Ÿณใซ็„ฆ็‚นใ‚’ๅฝ“ใฆใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
04:41
made with air.
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ใ€‚
04:44
So a 'th' at the beginning of content words
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๅ†…ๅฎน่ชžใฎๅ…ˆ้ ญใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€Œthใ€ใฏใ€
04:48
is usually an unvoiced 'th' sound.
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้€šๅธธใ€็„กๅฃฐใฎใ€Œthใ€้Ÿณใงใ™ใ€‚
04:51
So content words are words that provide
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๅ†…ๅฎน่ชžใฏๆ–‡ใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใ‚’ๆไพ›ใ™ใ‚‹ๅ˜่ชžใงใ™
04:54
the meaning in a sentence.
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ใ€‚
04:56
There are nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs.
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ๅ่ฉžใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใ€ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใ€ๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
05:00
Words like 'think' and 'thought' and 'thirsty'
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ใ€Œ่€ƒใˆใ‚‹ใ€ใจใ€Œ่€ƒใˆใŸใ€ใจใ€ŒใฎใฉใŒๆธ‡ใ„ใŸใ€
05:07
and 'thankful' and 'theory'.
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ใจใ€Œๆ„Ÿ่ฌใ—ใŸใ€ใจใ€Œ็†่ซ–ใ€ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใช่จ€่‘‰ใ€‚
05:11
So the 'th' at the start of content words
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๅ†…ๅฎน่ชžใฎๅ…ˆ้ ญใฎใ€Œthใ€
05:15
is usually unvoiced.
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ใฏ้€šๅธธใ€็„กๅฃฐใงใ™ใ€‚
05:18
Now if there is a 'th' in the middle of a word,
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ใ“ใ‚Œใงใ€ๅ˜่ชžใฎ้€”ไธญใ€ๅญ้Ÿณใฎๅ‰ใซใ€Œthใ€ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆ
05:21
before a consonant,
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ใ€
05:23
it's usually unvoiced.
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้€šๅธธใฏ็„กๅฃฐใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
05:26
'bathtub'
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'bathtub'
05:28
'faithful'
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'ๅฟ ๅฎŸใช'
05:30
'worthless'
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'ไพกๅ€คใฎใชใ„'
05:33
And a 'th' at the end of a word is usually unvoiced.
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ใใ—ใฆๅ˜่ชžใฎๆœ€ๅพŒใฎ 'th'ใฏ้€šๅธธ็„กๅฃฐใงใ™ใ€‚
05:39
'month'
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'ๆœˆ'
05:40
'strength'
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'ๅผทๅบฆ'
05:41
'warmth'
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'ๆš–ใ‹ใ•'
05:43
'teeth'
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'ๆญฏ'
05:44
'fifth'
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'็ฌฌ5'
05:46
There are some exceptions though.
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ใŸใ ใ—ใ€ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎไพ‹ๅค–ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
05:48
And I'm going to talk about those in just a minute.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€็งใฏใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใซใคใ„ใฆใปใ‚“ใฎๆ•ฐๅˆ†ใง่ฉฑใ™ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚
05:51
Now the voiced 'th' sound
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ใ“ใ‚Œใงใ€
05:58
made using your vocal cords.
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ๅฃฐๅธฏใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆ็™บๅฃฐใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ€Œthใ€ใ‚ตใ‚ฆใƒณใƒ‰ใŒไฝœๆˆใ•ใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
06:02
So if there's a 'th' at the beginning of a structure word,
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๆง‹้€ ่ชžใฎๅ…ˆ้ ญใซใ€Œthใ€ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€
06:08
they're usually voiced. So structure words,
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ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏ้€šๅธธใ€็™บๅฃฐใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€
06:11
sometimes called function words,
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ๆฉŸ่ƒฝ่ชžใจๅ‘ผใฐใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ๆง‹้€ ่ชžใฏใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใฎๆ–‡
06:13
are different to content words
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06:16
because they don't have a lot of meaning in
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ใงใฏใ‚ใพใ‚Šๆ„ๅ‘ณใŒใชใ„ใŸใ‚ใ€ๅ†…ๅฎน่ชžใจใฏ็•ฐใชใ‚Š
06:18
English sentences. They're grammatical words.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏๆ–‡ๆณ•็š„ใช่จ€่‘‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
06:21
They don't tell us a lot of information but they're
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ็งใŸใกใซๅคšใใฎๆƒ…ๅ ฑใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒ
06:24
important to the structure of English sentences.
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ใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใฎๆ–‡็ซ ใฎๆง‹้€ ใซใจใฃใฆ้‡่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚
06:28
So structure words are words like 'this', 'that', 'those',
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๆง‹้€ ่ชžใฏใ€Œthisใ€ใ€ใ€Œthatใ€ใ€ใ€Œthoseใ€ใ€
06:34
'these', 'the', 'there', 'then' or 'than'
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ใ€Œtheseใ€ใ€ใ€Œtheใ€ใ€ใ€Œthereใ€ใ€ใ€Œthenใ€ใ€ใ€Œthanใ€
06:41
So all of these words, I mean, some of these words are
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ใชใฉใฎๅ˜่ชžใงใ™ใ€‚ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ˜่ชžใฎใ™ในใฆใ€ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ˜่ชžใฎไธ€้ƒจใงใ™ใ€‚
06:45
very, very, common English words, right?
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้žๅธธใซใ€้žๅธธใซใ€ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใช่‹ฑ่ชžใฎๅ˜่ชžใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ
06:48
They're very, very common.
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ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏ้žๅธธใซไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใงใ™ใ€‚
06:50
So learning to pronounce the different 'th' sounds
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’่ฉฑใ™ใจใใซ่‡ช็„ถใซ่žใ“ใˆใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใ•ใพใ–ใพใชใ€Œthใ€้Ÿณใฎ็™บ้Ÿณใ‚’ๅญฆใถใ“ใจ
06:54
is really important
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ใŒ้žๅธธใซ้‡่ฆ
06:55
if you want to sound natural when you speak English.
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ใงใ™ใ€‚
06:58
There is a noticeable difference.
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้ก•่‘—ใช้•ใ„ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
07:01
Now a 'th' in the middle of the word, when it's between
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ๅ˜่ชžใฎ็œŸใ‚“ไธญใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€Œthใ€ใฏใ€2ใคใฎๆฏ้Ÿณใฎ้–“ใซใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€
07:05
two vowel sounds is usually this voiced sound.
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้€šๅธธใฏใ“ใฎๆœ‰ๅฃฐ้Ÿณใงใ™ใ€‚
07:10
'bother'
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ใ€Œbotherใ€
07:12
'worthy'
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ใ€Œไพกๅ€คใฎใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€
07:14
'mother'
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ใ€Œmotherใ€
07:17
Now I said the 'th' is usually unvoiced
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ใ“ใ“ใงใ€ใ€Œthใ€ใฏ้€šๅธธ
07:20
at the end of words but except
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ใ€ๅ˜่ชžใฎ็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใง็„กๅฃฐใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใŒ
07:24
if the word ends ends in '-the'
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ใ€ๅ˜่ชžใฎ็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใ€Œ-ใ€ใง็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ‚’้™คใ„ใฆใ€
07:28
like 'bathe', 'breathe' and 'loathe'.
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ใ€Œbatheใ€ใ€ใ€Œbreatheใ€ใ€ใ€Œloatheใ€ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
07:34
So these are pretty good guides
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏใ‹ใชใ‚Š่‰ฏใ„ใ‚ฌใ‚คใƒ‰
07:37
but there are always exceptions, aren't there?
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ใงใ™ใŒใ€ๅธธใซไพ‹ๅค–ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใญใ€‚
07:41
English!
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่‹ฑ่ชž๏ผ
07:43
There are exceptions like 'smooth'
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'smooth'
07:47
and 'clothes'
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ใ€ 'clothes'
07:52
and 'frothy'.
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ใ€ 'frothy'ใชใฉใฎไพ‹ๅค–ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
07:54
All of these words are breaking the rules
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใฏใ™ในใฆ่ฆๅ‰‡ใซ้•ๅ
07:57
and there are more!
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ใ—ใฆใŠใ‚Šใ€ใ•ใ‚‰ใซๅคšใใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™๏ผ
07:59
Actually if you can think of any more,
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ๅฎŸ้š›ใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒไปฅไธŠ่€ƒใˆใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏ
08:01
please add them to the comments
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ใ€ใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใซ่ฟฝๅŠ ใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆๅ†…ใฎใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎไพ‹ๅค–
08:03
so that we can talk about
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ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ชฌๆ˜Žใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
08:04
some of the exceptions in the comments.
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ใ€‚
08:07
But anyway,
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใจใซใ‹ใ
08:08
now that you've got through most of these guidelines,
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ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใ‚ฌใ‚คใƒ‰ใƒฉใ‚คใƒณใฎใปใจใ‚“ใฉใ‚’ๅฎŒไบ†ใ—ใŸใฎใงใ€
08:11
it's time to practise.
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็ทด็ฟ’ใ™ใ‚‹ๆ™‚ใŒๆฅใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
08:13
So I want you to repeat after me.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใซ็งใฎๅพŒใซ็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใฆใปใ—ใ„ใ€‚
08:17
Throw those things.
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ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ๆŠ•ใ’ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:21
Throw those things to Theo.
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ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ใƒ†ใ‚ชใซๆŠ•ใ’ใชใ•ใ„ใ€‚
08:31
There are three of them.
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ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏ3ใคใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
08:34
There are three of them over there.
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ใ‚ใใ“ใซ3ใคใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
08:45
Ready for this one?
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฎๆบ–ๅ‚™ใฏใงใใพใ—ใŸใ‹๏ผŸ
08:48
At three thirty on Thursday,
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ๆœจๆ›œๆ—ฅใฎ330ๆ™‚ใซ
08:57
a thousand of those thrilling thinkers will gather.
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ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใ‚นใƒชใƒชใƒณใ‚ฐใชๆ€ๆƒณๅฎถใฎๅƒไบบใŒ้›†ใพใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
09:03
At three thirty on Thursday,
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ๆœจๆ›œๆ—ฅใฎ330ๆ™‚ใซ
09:05
a thousand of those thrilling thinkers will gather.
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ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใ‚นใƒชใƒชใƒณใ‚ฐใชๆ€ๆƒณๅฎถใฎๅƒไบบใŒ้›†ใพใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
09:09
I love tongue twisters!
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ๆ—ฉๅฃ่จ€่‘‰ใŒๅคงๅฅฝใ๏ผ
09:11
Can you think of your own 'th' tongue twister?
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ‚ใชใŸ่‡ช่บซใฎใ€Œthใ€ๆ—ฉๅฃ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ๆ€ใ„ใคใใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
09:15
I think I thought I..
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ๆ€ใฃใŸใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ๆ€ใ„ใคใ„
09:17
If you can think of one, put it in the comments
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ใŸใ‚‰ใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆๆฌ„
09:21
so that we can all practise together.
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ใซๅ…ฅใ‚Œใฆไธ€็ท’ใซ็ทด็ฟ’ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใซ
09:23
Put your 'th' tongue twisters
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฎใ€Œๆ—ฉๅฃ่จ€่‘‰ใ€ใ‚’ๅ…ฅใ‚Œใฆ
09:26
right down in the comments and let's practise!
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็ทด็ฟ’ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†๏ผ
09:30
What a workout!
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ใชใ‚“ใฆใƒˆใƒฌใƒผใƒ‹ใƒณใ‚ฐใ ๏ผ
09:32
Well done to you!
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ใ‚ˆใใ‚„ใฃใŸ๏ผ
09:34
I mean your tongue might feel
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ใใฎๅพŒใ€่ˆŒใŒๅฐ‘ใ—็–ฒใ‚ŒใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆ„Ÿใ˜ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
09:35
a little exhausted after that
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09:38
so you can take a break now.
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ใฎใงใ€ไปŠใ™ใไผ‘ๆ†ฉใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
09:40
But make sure that you come back to this lesson
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ใŸใ ใ—ใ€ๆ˜Žๆ—ฅใพใŸใฏ็ฟŒๆ—ฅใซใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใซๆˆปใฃใฆใ€
09:43
tomorrow or the next day and practise again.
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ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆ็ทด็ฟ’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
09:47
It's just like doing sit-ups right? Each time you do it,
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่…น็ญ‹้‹ๅ‹•ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใณใซใ€
09:51
it will get a little bit easier.
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ใใ‚Œใฏๅฐ‘ใ—็ฐกๅ˜ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
09:54
Well that's it for this lesson!
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ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใฏไปฅไธŠใงใ™ใ€‚
09:56
I really hope that you enjoyed it.
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ๆฅฝใ—ใ‚“ใงใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใŸใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€‚
09:58
Please make sure you give it a 'like'
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็งใฏๆฏŽ้€ฑใ“ใ“ใงๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่กŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ๅฟ…ใšใ€Œใ„ใ„ใญใ€
10:00
and subscribe to my channel
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ใ‚’ไป˜ใ‘ใฆ็งใฎใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซใซ็™ป้Œฒใ—ใฆ
10:02
because I make new lessons here, every single week.
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ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
10:06
Thanks for watching and I'll see you in the next lesson!
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ใ”่ฆงใ„ใŸใ ใใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ๆฌกใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใงใŠไผšใ„ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†๏ผ
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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