Daniel Kraft: How COVID-19 transformed the future of medicine | TED

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2021-06-04 ใƒป TED


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Daniel Kraft: How COVID-19 transformed the future of medicine | TED

58,972 views ใƒป 2021-06-04

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์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

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Transcriber:
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As a small child, I was lucky to be at the launch of Apollo 17,
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๋ฒˆ์—ญ: ํ•œ์†œ ์ด ๊ฒ€ํ† : Jihyeon J. Kim
00:04
the last manned mission to the Moon,
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00:06
and I've remained enamored with space ever since.
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00:09
And fortunate as a physician
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00:11
to have contributed to NASA life sciences research
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์–ด๋ ธ์„ ๋•Œ ์ „ ์šด ์ข‹๊ฒŒ๋„ ์•„ํด๋กœ 17์˜ ๋ฐœ์‚ฌํ˜„์žฅ์— ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
00:14
and to practice aerospace medicine,
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00:15
inspired by the cross-disciplinary teamwork required
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹ฌ์— ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์œ ์ธ์ž„๋ฌด์˜€๊ณ 
00:18
to tackle audacious challenges
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๊ทธ๋•Œ ์ดํ›„๋กœ ์ „ ์šฐ์ฃผ์— ๋งค๋ฃŒ๋˜์—ˆ์ฃ .
00:20
and how space is has often brought the world together
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๋‹คํ–‰ํžˆ ์˜์‚ฌ๋กœ์„œ
00:23
through the lens of seeing our planet as one without borders.
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๋‚˜์‚ฌ ์ƒ๋ช…๊ณตํ•™ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ถ„์•ผ์— ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ 
00:26
Now, just as the historic Apollo moon landings
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ํ•ญ๊ณต์šฐ์ฃผ์˜ํ•™์„ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๋ฉฐ
๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ํ•™๋ฌธ์  ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ํ˜‘์—…์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์˜๊ฐ์„ ๋ฐ›์•„
00:29
were transformational inflection points in history,
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๋Œ€๋‹ดํ•œ ๊ณผ์ œ๋“ค์„ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:32
so too is the global health crisis of COVID-19,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด์„œ ์šฐ์ฃผ๊ฐ€ ์ข…์ข… ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋‚˜๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ
00:35
which, despite its many challenges and tragedies,
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๋ Œ์ฆˆ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ ๊ตญ๊ฒฝ์ด ์—†๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ง€๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ฉฐ ๊นจ๋‹ฌ์•˜์ฃ .
์•„ํด๋กœ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ฌ์— ์ฐฉ๋ฅ™ํ•œ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์€
00:39
like the sinister Cold War setting, which launched the space race,
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๋ณ€๊ณก์ ์ด ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:42
can have silver linings.
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00:44
As Regina Dugan, former head of DARPA, wrote,
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์„ธ๊ณ„ ๋ณด๊ฑด ์œ„๊ธฐ์ธ ์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜ 19๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:47
โ€œSputnik set off the space age, COVID can spark the health age.โ€
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๋งŽ์€ ์–ด๋ ค์›€๊ณผ ๋น„๊ทน๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
๋ƒ‰์ „ ์‹œ๋Œ€์˜ ๊ธด์žฅ์ƒํƒœ๊ฐ€ ์šฐ์ฃผ ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๋“ฏ์ด
00:52
The silver linings include
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00:54
the unprecedented acceleration
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๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ๋ฉด์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:56
of innovation, collaboration and discovery,
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์ „ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๊ตญ๋ฐฉ๋ถ€ ์žฅ๊ด€์ธ ๋ ˆ์ง€๋‚˜ ๋‘๊ฑด์€ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:58
catalyzing a future of health and medicine that can help us reimagine
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โ€œ์Šคํ‘ธํŠธ๋‹ˆํŠธ๋Š” ์šฐ์ฃผ์‹œ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ์—ด์—ˆ๊ณ  ์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜ 19๋Š” ์˜๋ฃŒ์‹œ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ์—ด์—ˆ๋‹ค.โ€
01:01
and bring us a healthier, smarter, more equitable post-COVID world.
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๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ๋ฉด์€
01:06
Now, many solutions ride the rails
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์ „๋ก€์—†๋Š” ํ˜์‹ , ํ˜‘๋™, ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ์ด
๊ฐ€์†ํ™”ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ
01:09
of rapidly, exponentially developing technologies
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๋ฏธ๋ž˜์˜ ๋ณด๊ฑด๊ณผ ์˜๋ฃŒ์˜ ์‹œ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ํฌ์ŠคํŠธ ์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜ 19 ์„ธ๊ณ„์— ๋งž์ถฐ
01:12
that are rapidly doubling in their speed-price performance,
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๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋˜‘๋˜‘ํ•œ ์ƒํ™œ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ์ƒ์ƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:15
as exemplified by Moore's Law,
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01:17
which has enabled the billionfold improvements in memory and computation,
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๋งŽ์€ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…๋“ค์ด
01:21
resulting in the ubiquitous supercomputer smartphones
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๊ธ‰์†๋„๋กœ ๋‚˜์˜ค๊ณ  ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ด ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ธ‰์ˆ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐœ์ „ํ•ด
01:24
most of us carry in our pockets.
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์›๋ž˜์˜ ์†๋„๋ณด๋‹ค ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ๋นจ๋ผ์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:26
I still have my now ancient iPhone 2 here.
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๋ฌด์–ด์˜ ๋ฒ•์น™์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
01:29
Still works, which felt magical 12 years ago
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๋ฉ”๋ชจ๋ฆฌ์™€ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ์˜ ์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ๋ฐœ์ „์„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ
01:31
but now feels slow and kludgy.
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01:33
And I'm sure my iPhone 11 will soon seem antique,
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์Šˆํผ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ์™€ ์Šค๋งˆํŠธํฐ์ด ๋Œ€์ค‘ํ™”๋˜์–ด์„œ
01:36
perhaps as its features dissolve into the rumored to soon arrive
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ฃผ๋จธ๋‹ˆ์— ๋„ฃ๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋‹ˆ์ฃ .
์ „ ์•„์ง๋„ ์˜›๋‚  ์•„์ดํฐ 2๋ฅผ ๋“ค๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋…€์š”.
01:39
augmented reality smartglasses.
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01:41
Now exponential technologies packed into our smart devices
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์•„์ง ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค๋งŒ, 12๋…„ ์ „์—๋Š” ๋†€๋ผ์šด ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
์ด์ œ๋Š” ์ข€ ๋Š๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ถˆํŽธํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋Š๊ปด์ง€๋„ค์š”.
01:45
are becoming increasingly medicalized,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์•„์ดํฐ 11๋„ ๋ถ„๋ช… ๊ณง ์˜›๋‚  ํฐ์ด ๋  ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
01:47
with sensors able to detect an ear infection and more.
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์•„๋งˆ ์ด ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ๋“ค์ด ๊ณง ์ถœ์‹œ๋œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š”
01:51
So what used to fit on a desktop computer
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์ฆ๊ฐ•ํ˜„์‹ค ์•ˆ๊ฒฝ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ๋“ค๊ณผ ์œตํ•ฉ๋ ํ…Œ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
01:53
now fits on our wrist
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์Šค๋งˆํŠธํ•œ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„์— ๋“ค์–ด์žˆ๋Š” ์—„์ฒญ๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋“ค์€
01:55
and these are now entering the domain of FDA-approved medical devices.
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์ ์  ๋” ์˜๋ฃŒํ™”๋  ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
01:59
But the future isn't about any one technology,
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์ค‘์ด์—ผ์„ ๊ฐ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์ด์ƒ์œผ๋กœ์š”.
02:01
but their convergence as they get faster, cheaper, better.
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๋ฐ์Šคํฌํ†ฑ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ์— ๋งž์ถค์ด์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์ด
02:05
In fact, creating entire new fields at their interfaces,
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์ด์ œ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์†๋ชฉ์— ๋”ฑ ๋งž๋Š”
์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„๋“ค์ด ์ด์ œ๋Š” FDA์˜ ์˜๋ฃŒ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ ์Šน์ธ์„ ์•ž๋‘๊ณ  ์žˆ์ฃ .
02:08
from computational biology, robotic surgery,
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02:11
digiceuticals, telemedicine to AI-enabled radiology.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฒŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉฐ
๊ทธ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋“ค์ด ์œตํ•ฉํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ์ €๋ ดํ•˜๊ณ  ๋นจ๋ผ์ง€๊ณ  ๋‚˜์•„์ง€๊ฒ ์ฃ .
02:16
And while many industries have been disrupted
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์‚ฌ์‹ค์ƒ ์ด ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋“ค์˜ ์ธํ„ฐํŽ˜์ด์Šค์—๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ถ„์•ผ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
02:18
and breached the fourth industrial age,
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02:20
health and medicine often feel stuck in the second or third.
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์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ์ƒ๋ช…๊ณตํ•™๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋กœ๋ด‡ ์ˆ˜์ˆ ,
๋””์ง€ํ„ธ ์ฒ˜๋ฐฉ, ์›๊ฒฉ์˜๋ฃŒ, AI ๋ฐฉ์‚ฌ์„  ์น˜๋ฃŒ๊นŒ์ง€์š”.
02:25
Critical data is still stuck being shared on fax machines, paper forms.
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๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฐ์—…๋“ค์ด ๋ถ•๊ดด๋˜๋ฉด์„œ
02:30
We're stuck in waiting rooms waiting for our visits.
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4์ฐจ ์‚ฐ์—…ํ˜๋ช…์„ ๋งž์ดํ•˜๋ ค ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ
๋ณด๊ฑด๊ณผ ์˜๋ฃŒ๋Š” 2์ฐจ ํ˜น์€ 3์ฐจ์—์„œ ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
02:33
I recently had my own echocardiogram
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02:35
only made available to share with me on a CD-ROM.
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์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋“ค์€ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์ œํ•œ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํŒฉ์Šค๋‚˜ ์ข…์ด๋กœ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜์ฃ .
02:38
I don't even own a CD-ROM player anymore.
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02:41
Tools for managing pandemics in 2020
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ•ด์„œ ๋Œ€๊ธฐ์‹ค์—์„œ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:44
rely on the same core technologies used in the pandemic of 1918:
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์ตœ๊ทผ์— ์‹ฌ์žฅ์ดˆ์ŒํŒŒ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
02:47
face masks, social distancing,
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CD๋กœ๋งŒ ์ด์šฉ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:49
handwashing.
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์ €ํ•œํ…Œ๋Š” ์ด์ œ CD ํ”Œ๋ ˆ์ด์–ด๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š”๋ฐ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
02:51
So part of the challenge in advancing global, local health
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2020๋…„์— ํŒฌ๋ฐ๋ฏน์„ ๊ด€๋ฆฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋“ค์€
02:54
are our models, our mindsets.
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02:56
We don't really practice health care. We practice sick care.
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1918๋…„์— ์ผ๋˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ฃ .
๋งˆ์Šคํฌ, ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋‘๊ธฐ,
03:01
Sick care is based on intermittent episodic data,
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์† ์”ป๊ธฐ ๋“ฑ์ด์š”.
์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„, ์ง€์—ญ ์˜๋ฃŒ์˜ ๋ฐœ์ „์„ ๊ฐ€๋กœ๋ง‰๋Š”
03:04
usually only obtained within the four walls of the clinic
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๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์žฅ์• ๋ฌผ์ด ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ๊ทธ๊ฑด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ชจ๋ธ๊ณผ ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด์—์š”.
03:07
or hospital bed,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ณด๊ฑด์„ ์‹ค์ฒœํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์งˆ๋ณ‘๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์ฃ .
03:09
and leads to our reactive sick care model,
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03:11
where we wait for the patient to show up in the emergency room with a heart attack,
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์งˆ๋ณ‘์„ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๋Š” ๋ณ‘์›์ด๋‚˜ ๋ณ‘์ƒ์—์„œ๋งŒ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
03:15
stroke or late-stage cancer
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๊ฐ„ํ—์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋“ค์—
03:17
or for the pandemic to arrive on our shores.
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์˜์กดํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
03:20
I believe the convergence of many of the accelerating technologies
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์งˆ๋ณ‘์„ ๊ด€๋ฆฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋ธ์ด์ฃ .
03:23
and approaches being catalyzed by COVID
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ํ™˜์ž๊ฐ€ ์‹ฌ์žฅ๋งˆ๋น„๋กœ ์‘๊ธ‰์‹ค์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๊ธธ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
03:26
will bring us from intermittent sick care
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ํ˜น์€ ๋‡Œ์กธ์ฆ, ์•” ๋ง๊ธฐ
03:28
to an age of continuous, proactive, personalized,
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ํŒฌ๋ฐ๋ฏน์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์•ž๊นŒ์ง€ ์˜ฌ ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ์ฃ .
03:31
crowdsourced health care
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์ „ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์˜ ๋ฐœ์ „๊ณผ
03:33
that can increasingly bring care anytime, anywhere more effectively
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์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜ 19๋กœ ์ด‰๋ฐœ๋œ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ ‘๊ทผ๋“ค์ด
03:37
and lower costs around the planet.
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๊ฐ„ํ• ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ‘์„ ๊ด€๋ฆฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์—์„œ
03:40
For example, the convergence of ever smaller interconnected devices
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์ง€์†์ ์ด๊ณ  ์ฃผ๋„์ ์ด๋ฉฐ ๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์œผ๋กœ
ํฌ๋ผ์šฐ๋“œ์†Œ์Šค๋กœ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์„ ๊ด€๋ฆฌํ•ด
03:44
now riding 5G
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03:45
is creating not just an Internet of Things
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์–ธ์ œ ์–ด๋””์„œ๋“ ์ง€ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ด๊ณ 
03:47
but an Internet of Medical Things.
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03:49
Much of this convergence is in the field of digital health,
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๋” ๋‚ฎ์€ ๋น„์šฉ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์„ ๊ด€๋ฆฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‹œ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ์˜ฌ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ ๋ฏฟ์–ด์š”.
์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์ƒํ˜ธ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋œ ๊ฐ ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ๋“ค์ด ์œตํ•ฉํ•ด์„œ
03:53
the ability to connect the dots between data sources
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03:56
from personal genomics and medical records
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5G ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ์šด์˜ํ•˜๊ณ 
์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท ๋ฟ๋งŒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
03:58
with apps and services that match the needs
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์˜๋ฃŒ์—์„œ๋„ ์ ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
04:01
of an individual, patient or caregiver.
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์œตํ•ฉ์€ ๋””์ง€ํ„ธ ์˜๋ฃŒ๋ถ„์•ผ์ธ๋ฐ์š”.
04:04
And as incentives and reimbursements align,
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๊ฐ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์†Œ์Šค๋“ค์˜ ์ ๋“ค์„ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ
04:06
COVID has pushed us to an increasingly virtualized care,
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์•ฑ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฐœ์ธ ์œ ์ „์ž์™€ ์˜๋ฃŒ๊ธฐ๋ก๋“ค์„ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ
04:10
from the hospital to home to our phone
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๊ฐœ์ธ, ํ™˜์ž, ๋ณดํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ
04:12
to on and even inside our bodies.
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๋งž์ถค ์„œ๋น„์Šค๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
04:15
The age of hospital to home-spital is upon us.
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๋ณด์ƒ๊ณผ ๋ฐฐ์ƒ์ด ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์˜ค๋“ฏ์ด
04:18
Now, the challenge of this hyperconnected age
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์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜ 19๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€์ƒ ์ผ€์–ด๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:20
is that we're creating exponential amounts of big data
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๋ณ‘์›์—์„œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ง‘๊ณผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ํœด๋Œ€ํฐ
04:24
that's too often siloed in formats that can't even talk to each other.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ชธ ์•ˆ๊นŒ์ง€๋„์š”.
๋ณ‘์›์˜ ์‹œ๋Œ€์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์ • ๋ณ‘์›์˜ ์‹œ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์ด์— ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:28
So we need to narrow that gap between data,
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์ดˆ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ ์‹œ๋Œ€์˜ ๊ณผ์ œ๋Š”
04:31
turning that into actual information for the patient, physician,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์—„์ฒญ๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŽ์€ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋‚ด๋Š”๋ฐ
04:35
public health worker,
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ํ˜•์‹๋“ค์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์„œ ์„œ๋กœ ์–˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:37
and speed its safe and effective use in the community clinic and bedside.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋“ค ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ์ค„์—ฌ์„œ
04:42
The pandemic has instigated an immense amount of international sharing
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ํ™˜์ž, ์˜์‚ฌ, ์˜๋ฃŒ ์ข…์‚ฌ์ž๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•ด
04:46
and collaboration amongst clinicians and researchers to narrow that gap.
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์‹ค์ œ์ ์ธ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™˜์„ ํ•ด์„œ
๊ณต๋™์ฒด ์•ˆ๊ณผ ๋ฐ”๊นฅ์—์„œ ์•ˆ์ „ํ•˜๊ณ  ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์“ธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์•ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:50
What was learned in managing patients in Wuhan
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04:52
and then in the intensive care units of Italy
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ํŒฌ๋ฐ๋ฏน์€ ์ด๋ฃจ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๊ตญ์ œ์ ์ธ ๊ณต์œ ์™€
04:55
has helped New York City hospitals
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04:56
and their learnings in turn have spread to centers around the world.
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์˜์‚ฌ๋“ค ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ํ˜‘๋ ฅ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋‚ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž๋“ค์ด ์ด ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ์ค„์ด๋„๋ก ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:01
Let's take a quick dive into some examples
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์šฐํ•œ์—์„œ ํ™˜์ž๋“ค์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ด€๋ฆฌํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฐฐ์›Œ
05:03
of what's happening across the health care paradigm
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์ดํƒˆ๋ฆฌ์•„์˜ ์ค‘ํ™˜์ž์‹ค์—์„œ
05:06
in the age of COVID
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05:07
and the implications for the future.
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๋‰ด์š• ๋ณ‘์›์„ ๋„์™€
๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋ฐฐ์šด ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์— ๊ณต์œ ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
05:09
From new forms of data to help prediction of prevention
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05:12
to faster diagnostics, more tailored therapy
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๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณผ๊นŒ์š”.
05:15
and increasingly crowdsourced discovery.
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์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜ 19์‹œ๋Œ€์—
์˜๋ฃŒ ํŒจ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ค์ž„์ด ์–ด๋–ค์ง€
05:19
Let's start with prevention.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์— ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ ์šฉ๋  ๊ฑด์ง€๋ฅผ์š”.
05:20
Now, while our genomes impact our health outcomes
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์˜ˆ์ธก๊ณผ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ์— ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ํ˜•ํƒœ์˜ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋“ค์ด
05:23
and our health spans,
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05:24
our social determinants of health,
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์ง„๋‹จ์„ ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋งž์ถคํ˜• ์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ณ 
05:26
our social, and our day-to-day behaviors drive most of our risk for disease
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ํฌ๋ผ์šฐ๋“œ์†Œ์Šค๋กœ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์ •๋ณด๋“ค์ด ์ €์žฅ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:31
and associated costs.
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์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณผ๊นŒ์š”.
์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ฒŒ๋†ˆ์ด ๊ฑด๊ฐ•๊ณผ
05:33
And we now have an explosion of new tools
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05:35
to help measure and improve our healthy behaviors.
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์ˆ˜๋ช…์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜์ง€๋งŒ
์‚ฌํšŒ์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ๋„ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ์–ด
์‚ฌํšŒ์ ์ด๊ณ  ์ผ์ƒ์„ ์‚ด์•„๊ฐ€๋Š” ํ–‰๋™๋“ค์ด ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜
05:39
The first Fitbit only launched in 2009.
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05:42
Wearables are now ubiquitous
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05:43
and can measure almost every element of our physiology,
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๋ณ‘๊ณผ ๋น„์šฉ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์นฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด์ œ๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋„๊ตฌ๋“ค์ด ๋„˜์ณ๋‚˜์„œ
05:46
behavior and even mental health.
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๊ฑด๊ฐ•๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ํ–‰๋™๋“ค์„ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ฐœ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ .
05:49
And they're evolving all the way from disposable tattoos
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ํ•๋น„ํŠธ๊ฐ€ ์ฒ˜์Œ ์ถœ์‹œ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ณ ์ž‘ 2009๋…„์ด๊ณ 
05:52
that can stream vital signs 24/7
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์›จ์–ด๋Ÿฌ๋ธ”๋“ค์€ ์ด์ œ ์•„์ฃผ ํ”ํ•ด์„œ
05:55
to an integration of big data that can --
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ƒ์ฒด ๊ฐ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ๋‹ค ์ธก์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:58
Even small data from a simple wearable,
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ํ–‰๋™๊ณผ ์ •์‹ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•๊นŒ์ง€๋„์š”.
06:01
tracking the patient discharged home after a hip replacement
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋ฐฉ๋ฉด์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐœ์ „ํ•ด
06:04
or a coronavirus infection
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์ƒ์ฒด ์‹ ํ˜ธ๋ฅผ 24์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์†ก์ถœํ•˜๋Š” ์ผํšŒ์šฉ ํƒ€ํˆฌ๋กœ ์ƒˆ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ
06:06
can determine if the patient is recovering as expected,
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๋น…๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ฉํ•ด์„œ
06:09
walking more, doing great
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์•„์ฃผ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ์›จ์–ด๋Ÿฌ๋ธ”์˜ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋กœ
06:11
or not so great and trigger early intervention.
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๊ณ ๊ด€์ ˆ ์ˆ˜์ˆ ์„ ๋ฐ›์€ ํ™˜์ž๊ฐ€ ํ‡ด์›ํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€๊นŒ์ง€ ์ถ”์ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
06:15
We're evolving from a world of quantified self
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์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜์— ๊ฐ์—ผ์ด ๋๋Š”๋ฐ
06:17
where our digital data remains silent on our devices
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๊ธฐ๋Œ€๋งŒํผ ํšŒ๋ณต๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
06:20
to one of quantified health
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๋” ๋งŽ์ด ๊ฑธ์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€, ์ž˜ํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€
06:22
where the data can be shared securely with clinical teams
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์ž˜ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ดˆ๊ธฐ์— ๊ฐœ์ž…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:25
and researchers to help optimize prevention,
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06:27
diagnose disease early
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์Šค์Šค๋กœ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์น˜ํ™”ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์„ธ์ƒ์—์„œ ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์„œ
06:29
and with feedback loops,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋””์ง€ํ„ธ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ์— ์กฐ์šฉํžˆ ๋‚จ์•„
06:30
personalize and optimize therapy.
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๊ทธ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๊ฐ€ ์ˆ˜์น˜ํ™”๋ผ์„œ
06:33
From wristband vitals,
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์ž„์ƒํŒ€์—๊ฒŒ ์•ˆ์ „ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ณต์œ ๋˜๊ณ 
06:35
including blood pressure, now obtainable without a cuff,
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์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž๋“ค์ด ์ตœ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ
06:38
and soon sensors that will measure our blood oxygenation levels
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์งˆ๋ณ‘์„ ์กฐ๊ธฐ์— ์ง„๋‹จํ•˜๊ณ 
06:41
to continuous blood sugar monitoring,
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์–‘๋ฐฉํ–ฅ ํ”ผ๋“œ๋ฐฑ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด
๊ฐœ์ธ ๋งž์ถคํ˜• ์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ฒ•์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ด์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:44
to shock'ables, hearables, ring'ables that can replace an entire sleep lab
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์†๋ชฉ ๋ฐด๋“œ์˜ ์‹ ํ˜ธ๋กœ
ํ˜ˆ์••์„ ํฌํ•จํ•ด์„œ ์†Œ๋งค์— ๊ตณ์ด ์ฐฉ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„๋„
06:49
fitting on our finger
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06:50
to insideโ€™ables, chips beneath our skin, to track our physiology and lab values,
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์„ผ์„œ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฐ์†Œํฌํ™”๋„๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •ํ•ด
ํ˜ˆ๋‹น์„ ์ง€์†์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋ฉฐ
06:55
to even underwear'ables,
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06:56
Internet of Medical Things sensors so cheap today
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์šธ๋ฆฌ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋“ฃ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ์„ ์ฃผ๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋ฉด์‹ค์„ ๋Œ€์ฒดํ•˜๋Š”
06:59
you can get a pack of ten of them, have one on each pair of your underwear,
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์žฅ์น˜๋“ค์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์†๊ฐ€๋ฝ์— ๋”ฑ ์•Œ๋งž์•„
07:02
now being used to do what's called remote patient monitoring
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ํ”ผ๋ถ€ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์•„๋ž˜์— ๋„ฃ๊ณ  ์ธก์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ 
07:06
to help detect signs of respiratory decompensation
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์†์˜ท์—๋„ ๋„ฃ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท ์˜ํ•™๊ธฐ๊ธฐ ์„ผ์„œ๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์ด ์‹ธ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
07:09
of patients with bronchitis or COVID.
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ๋“ค ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์„ ํƒํ•ด ๊ทธ ์ค‘ ํ•œ ์Œ์„ ์†์˜ท์— ๋„ฃ์œผ๋ฉด
07:13
Breath'ables are showing promise.
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์›๊ฒฉ ์˜๋ฃŒ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์–ด
07:15
Nanonoses that can detect molecules in our breath correlating to cancer,
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์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜ 19๋‚˜ ํ˜น์€ ๊ธฐ๊ด€์ง€์—ผ์˜
07:19
metabolic disease and even diagnosing infectious disease.
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ํ™˜์ž๋“ค์˜ ํ˜ธํก๊ธฐ ์งˆํ™˜์„ ์‚ดํ•„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:23
In fact, we now don't need to wear anything.
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ํ˜ธํก๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ์ฃ .
07:26
Invisibles, ambient sensing from AI-enabled cameras
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๋‚˜๋…ธ์‹œ์Šค๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ํ˜ธํก๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ๋ถ„์ž๋“ค์„ ํƒ์ง€ํ•ด ์•”์ธ์ง€
07:29
can track her vital signs.
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07:31
To voice as a biomarker to manage and detect mental health challenges,
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๋Œ€์‚ฌ์„ฑ ์งˆํ™˜์ธ์ง€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๊ฐ์—ผ์„ฑ ์งˆํ™˜์ธ์ง€ ๊นŒ์ง€๋„ ์•Œ์•„๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์‚ฌ์‹ค ๋ญ”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๊ผญ ์ฐฉ์šฉํ•  ํ•„์š”๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:36
signs of heart disease,
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07:38
now being able to differentiate between a cough from a common cold
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์ฃผ์œ„์— ๋ณด์ด์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” AI ์นด๋ฉ”๋ผ ์„ผ์„œ๋“ค์ด
07:41
to that one caused by coronavirus.
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๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ์ƒ์ฒด ์‹ ํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ์ถ”์ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
์ƒ์ฒด์ง€ํ‘œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด์„ํ•ด์„œ ์ •์‹  ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์— ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€
07:44
And we'll soon be exuding our digital exhaust 24/7,
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07:48
our digitome.
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์‹ฌ์žฅ๋ณ‘์˜ ์ง•ํ›„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€
07:50
How do we make sense and truly leverage it?
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๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๊ฐ๊ธฐ์ธ์ง€
07:53
One path is through crowdsourcing.
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์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜ ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ๊ฐ๊ธฐ์ธ์ง€ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:55
The million-participant All of Us trial
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๋””์ง€ํ„ธ 24/7๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ณง ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:57
from the National Institutes of Health is doing just that
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08:00
where data donors, and I'm one, can contribute our medical records,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋””์ง€ํ†ฐ์œผ๋กœ์š”.
์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ์ด๊ฑธ ์œ ์šฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์“ธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
08:03
genomes and wearable data
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08:05
to build a much better and diverse data set,
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๋จผ์ € ํฌ๋ผ์šฐ๋“œ์†Œ์‹ฑ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ตญ๋ฆฝ ๋ณด๊ฑด์›์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋งŒ ๋ช…์˜
08:08
crossing racial and socioeconomic groups
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์ž„์ƒ์‹œํ—˜ ํ™˜์ž๋“ค์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:11
to help foster better precision medicine for all of us.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ๊ธฐ์ฆ์ž๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ์ž์˜ ์˜๋ฃŒ๊ธฐ๋ก์ด๋‚˜
08:15
Integrating this information for the individual and public health
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๊ฒŒ๋†ˆ, ์›จ์–ด๋Ÿฌ๋ธ” ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋“ค์„ ๊ธฐ์ฆํ•ด
ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋“ค์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด
08:18
will lead to predictalitics,
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08:20
our own personal check engine lights
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์ธ์ข…๊ณผ ์‚ฌํšŒ๊ณ„์ธต์„ ๋„˜์–ด์„œ
08:22
that can give us early proactive warning.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ์•ฝ์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š”๋ฐ ๋„์›€์„ ์คฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:25
And recent work is demonstrating that wearables can detect presymptomatically
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๊ฐœ์ธ๊ณผ ๊ณต๊ณต ๋ณด๊ฑด์„ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๋“ค์„ ํ†ตํ•ฉํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€
08:30
the onset of the flu,
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์˜ˆ์ธกํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:31
or, as recently published by Stanford,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ์—”์ง„์„ ์ ๊ฒ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
08:33
in 83 percent of COVID patients
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์กฐ๊ธฐ์— ๊ฒฝ๊ณ ๋ฅผ ํ•ด์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
08:35
smartwatches can detect COVID infections early,
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์ตœ๊ทผ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์›จ์–ด๋Ÿฌ๋ธ” ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ๋“ค์ด
08:38
often days before onset of symptoms.
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08:42
Self-reporting websites like Covid Near You
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๊ฐ๊ธฐ์˜ ์ฆ์ƒ์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ์ง„๋‹จ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ 
์Šคํƒ ํฌ๋“œ์—์„œ ์ตœ๊ทผ์— ๋ฐํ˜€์ง„ ๋ฐ”์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด
08:44
enable us to locally generate infections maps,
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์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜ ํ™˜์ž ์ค‘ 83%์ •๋„๊ฐ€
08:47
and combined with our social graphs and contact tracing apps,
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์Šค๋งˆํŠธ์›Œ์น˜๋กœ ์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜ 19๋ฅผ ์กฐ๊ธฐ์— ๊ฐ์ง€ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ฆ์ƒ์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๊ธฐ ๋ฉฐ์น  ์ „์—์š”.
08:51
may provide us detailed suggestions about who we might want to consider
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โ€œ์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜ ํ˜„ํ™ฉโ€œ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ž๊ฐ€ ๊ฒ€์ง„ ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š”
08:55
being near or socially distanced from.
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์ง€์—ญ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ๊ฐ์—ผ์ž๋“ค ์ง€๋„๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด
08:58
What about advancements in diagnostics and monitoring?
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์†Œ์…œ ๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”„์™€ ํ•ฉ์ณ์„œ ์ถ”์ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์•ฑ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด
09:01
What used to require a full clinic or laboratory
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์ดํ•˜๊ณ 
09:04
can now fit into a digital doctor's bag
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09:07
or the pocket of a patient.
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๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฉ€๋ฆฌํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ž์„ธํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ด์ฃผ์ฃ .
09:09
From COVID quarantine kits
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09:10
enabling tracking of oxygen saturation, temperature and lung sounds,
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์ง„๋‹จ๊ณผ ๊ฐ์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋” ๋ฐœ์ „ํ•˜๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ ๊นŒ์š”?
๋ณ‘์›๊ณผ ์‹คํ—˜์‹ค์ด
09:15
we're starting to integrate these into virtual visits,
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๋””์ง€ํ„ธ ์˜์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ฐ€๋ฐฉ์ด๋‚˜
09:18
providing real-time enhancements of a virtual physical exam.
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ํ™˜์ž์˜ ์ฃผ๋จธ๋‹ˆ์— ๋งž์ถ”๋ ค๋ฉด ๋ฌด์—‡์ด ํ•„์š”ํ–ˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜ 19 ์ง„๋‹จํ‚คํŠธ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ
09:22
And the diagnostic tools are becoming increasingly infused
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์‚ฐ์†Œํฌํ™”๋„๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ์˜จ๋„์™€ ํ˜ธํก์„ ์ธก์ •ํ•ด
09:25
with AI machine learning,
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09:26
including consumer ultrasounds,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ƒ์ฒด ์ •๋ณด๋“ค์„ ์ข…ํ•ฉํ•ด์„œ
09:28
which can bring diagnostics anywhere at very low cost,
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์›๊ฒฉ์˜๋ฃŒ๋กœ ์‹ค์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์น˜๋ฃŒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:32
including the ability to evaluate the lungs
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09:34
in suspected COVID patients.
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์ง„๋‹จ ๋„๊ตฌ๋“ค์— AI ๋จธ์‹  ๋Ÿฌ๋‹
09:36
The laboratory has shrunk to microfluidic platforms
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๊ธฐ๋Šฅ๋“ค์„ ์ง‘์–ด๋„ฃ์œผ๋ฉด
์ดˆ์ŒํŒŒ๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•ด์„œ
09:40
that can be attached to our smartphones
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์–ธ์ œ ์–ด๋””์„œ๋“  ์ €๋น„์šฉ์œผ๋กœ ์ง„๋‹จํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:42
and enable anyone to take measurements from blood or saliva.
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์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜ 19๋กœ ์˜์‹ฌ๋˜๋Š” ํ™˜์ž์˜
09:46
Many of these diagnostics are leveraging the smartphone and its camera
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ํ ์ƒํƒœ๋„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋ฏธ์„ธ ์œ ์ฒด์˜ ํ”Œ๋žซํผ์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ณ„์† ์ค„์—ฌ
09:50
for a medical selfie.
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09:52
For example, instead of taking your urine to the lab
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์Šค๋งˆํŠธํฐ์— ์ ‘๋ชฉ์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด
๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋‚˜ ํ˜ˆ์•ก์ด๋‚˜ ์นจ์˜ ๋†๋„๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:55
to diagnose a potential urinary tract infection,
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09:58
in the privacy of your home simply dip the urine dipstick,
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ง„๋‹จ ๊ธฐ์ˆ  ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ์Šค๋งˆํŠธํฐ์˜ ์นด๋ฉ”๋ผ์—์„œ
10:01
take a picture with your smartphone camera
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์˜๋ฃŒ ์…€์นด๋กœ ์ด์šฉ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์ฃ .
10:03
and have the results made available immediately to your doctor and pharmacy.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๋น„๋‡จ ๊ณ„ํ†ต์˜ ์งˆํ™˜์„ ์•Œ์•„๋‚ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
์†Œ๋ณ€์„ ๋ณ‘์›์— ์ง์ ‘ ๊ฐ€์ ธ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋Œ€์‹ 
10:08
Similar phone-based apps and approaches are being used and developed
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์ง‘์—์„œ ํ˜ผ์ž์„œ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์†Œ๋ณ€ ๋ง‰๋Œ€๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋‹ด๊ตฐ ๋‹ค์Œ
10:11
for fast, frequent, cheap and easy COVID testing.
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์Šค๋งˆํŠธํฐ ์นด๋ฉ”๋ผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์ง„์„ ์ฐ์œผ๋ฉด
๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ์ฆ‰์‹œ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์˜์‚ฌ์™€ ์•ฝ์‚ฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์ „ํ•ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:16
Novel approaches to community level diagnostics are also being explored,
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10:20
including next gen sequencing of sewage for early detection of COVID-19,
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์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜ 19 ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ณ  ์ž์ฃผ, ์‹ธ๊ณ  ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
ํฐ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ์•ฑ์ด๋‚˜ ์ ‘๊ทผ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋“ค๋„ ๋ฐœ์ „ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:25
identifying hotspots and predicted outbreaks a week or more early.
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๊ณต๋™์ฒด์—์„œ ์–ด๋Š ์ •๋„ ์ง„๋‹จํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ 
10:31
The explosion of data sources, however,
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์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜ 19 ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๋ฅผ ์กฐ๊ธฐ์— ๊ฐ์ง€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” DNA ์ •๋ณด ํฌํ•จ
10:34
is really beyond the capacity of the human mind
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10:36
to effectively integrate.
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ํ•ซ์ŠคํŒŸ์„ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•ด ์ผ์ฃผ์ผ ํ˜น์€ ๊ทธ ์ด์ „์— ๋ฐœ์ƒ์„ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:38
We're now getting help from AI,
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10:39
or as I call it, IA, intelligence augmentation.
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10:43
IA is being leveraged in reading CT scans to diagnose COVID,
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€๋งŒ ์—„์ฒญ๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŽ์€ ์–‘์˜ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋Š”
์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ข…ํ•ฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
10:47
to enhancing the vision of a gastroenterologist
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๋ฒ”์œ„๋ฅผ ๋„˜์–ด์„ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:49
performing a colonoscopy
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์ด์ œ AI์˜ ๋„์›€์„ ๋ฐ›์„ ๊ฑด๋ฐ์š”.
10:51
to identify lesions they might have missed.
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์ „ IA๋ผ ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ง€๋Šฅ ์ฆ๊ฐ•์ด์ฃ .
10:53
And AI is playing an active role in helping identify
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10:55
and develop new antivirals.
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IA๋Š” ์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜ CT๋ฅผ ์ฝ์–ด ์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜ 19๋ฅผ ์ง„๋‹จํ•˜๊ณ 
10:58
And while AI is often perceived as a threat by some clinicians,
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์œ„์žฅ๋ณ‘ํ•™์ž๋“ค์˜ ์‹œ์•ผ๋ฅผ ํ™•๋ณดํ•ด์ค˜์„œ
๋‚ด์‹œ๊ฒฝ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด
11:02
it can't replace the human touch or empathy.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋†“์ณค์„์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅผ ๋ณ‘๋“ค์„ ์ฐพ์•„๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:05
And I don't think doctors or nurses will be replaced by AI,
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๋˜ํ•œ AI๋Š” ํ•ญ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ
์ ๊ทน์ ์ธ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ํ•ญ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:09
but doctors and health care systems
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๋ฐ˜๋ฉด AI๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ์˜์‚ฌ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์œ„ํ˜‘์œผ๋กœ ๋Š๊ปด์งˆ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
11:11
whoโ€™re collaborating with AI in the future will be replacing those who donโ€™t.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ์†๊ธธ์ด๋‚˜ ๊ฐ์ •๊นŒ์ง€๋Š” ๋Œ€์ฒดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:17
Finally, therapy.
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์ „ AI๊ฐ€ ์˜์‚ฌ๋‚˜ ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ๋“ค๋กœ ๋Œ€์ฒดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”.
11:19
The pandemic has dramatically accelerated the use of virtual visits.
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AI์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ž‘์—…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
11:22
Telemedicine visits are up on the order of a thousand percent in many settings.
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์˜์‚ฌ ํ˜น์€ ์˜๋ฃŒ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์ด ์žˆ๋Š๋ƒ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์งˆ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ฒ ์ฃ .
11:26
And I don't think we'll ever revert to pre-COVID levels
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11:29
as patients and clinicians are discovering the compelling convenience and efficacy.
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
ํŒฌ๋ฐ๋ฏน์€ ๊ฐ‘์ž‘์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€์ƒ์˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ๋“ค์„ ๊ฐ€์†ํ™”ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
11:34
Even before virtual zoom or facetime with the clinician,
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์›๊ฒฉ์ฒ˜๋ฐฉ์ด 1000% ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:37
asynchronous screening and support has been provided
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ํ™˜์ž๋‚˜ ์˜์‚ฌ๋“ค์ด ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ํŽธ๋ฆฌํ•จ์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•œ ์ด์ƒ
11:40
by ever-smarter chat bots that can help discern symptoms
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์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜ ์ „์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์ง„ ์•Š์•„์š”.
11:43
and triage problems effectively at lower cost.
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11:46
This includes virtualization
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์˜์‚ฌ๋“ค์ด ์คŒ์ด๋‚˜ ํŽ˜์ด์Šคํƒ€์ž„์„ ์“ฐ๊ธฐ ์ „์—๋„
11:48
and virtual augmentation to meet our mental health crisis,
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์›๊ฒฉ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ณ  ๋„์›€์„ ์ฃผ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
11:51
exacerbated by the many economic and other stressors
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์Šค๋งˆํŠธ ์ฑ—๋ด‡์œผ๋กœ ์ฆ์ƒ์„ ์ง„๋‹จํ•˜๊ณ 
11:54
which accompany this pandemic.
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์šฐ์„ ์ˆœ์œ„์˜ ํ™˜์ž๋“ค์„ ์ €๋น„์šฉ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:56
3D-printing is finding a role in health care,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฐ€์ƒํ™”์™€
11:59
with newfound applications
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12:00
from printing personal masks to critical parts of ventilators
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ํŒฌ๋ฐ๋ฏน๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์˜จ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์ ์ธ ๊ฒฉ์ฐจ์™€
์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค ์š”์ธ๋“ค ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ฒช๋Š”
12:04
and being leveraged by the growing maker movement,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์ •์‹ ์ ์ธ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค์„ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ฆ๊ฐ•ํ˜„์‹ค๋„ ํฌํ•จํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:07
which is playing a major role in pandemic response,
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3D ํ”„๋ฆฐํŒ…์€
12:09
from making face shields and masks
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12:11
to improvising do-it-yourself ventilators.
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๊ฐœ์ธ ๋งˆ์Šคํฌ๋ฅผ ํ”„๋ฆฐํŠธํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
ํ˜ธํก๊ธฐ์˜ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„๋“ค์„ ํ”„๋ฆฐํŠธํ•˜๋Š” ์•ฑ๋“ค์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ 
12:14
All together, these efforts are enabling the potential
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ํ๋ฆ„๋“ค์ด ์ ์  ๋” ์ปค์ ธ์„œ
12:17
for democratization of health and medicine across the planet
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ํŒฌ๋ฐ๋ฏน์— ๋Œ€ํ•ญํ•˜๋Š” ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ .
12:20
and access to information and care that was previously inaccessible.
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์–ผ๊ตด ๊ฐ€๋ฆฌ๊ฐœ์™€ ๋งˆ์Šคํฌ๋ฅผ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋‚ด๊ณ 
ํ˜ธํก๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ๊ณ ์น  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์„œ์š”.
12:24
Clinical trials are being reshaped, leveraging smart devices,
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋…ธ๋ ฅ๋“ค์€ ๋ชจ๋‘
12:28
cloud-based analytic platforms and collaborators around the world.
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๋ณด๊ฑด๊ณผ ์˜๋ฃŒ์˜ ๋ฏผ์ฃผํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ด
12:32
That's at this convergence of many rapidly developing
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์ „์—๋Š” ์ ‘๊ทผํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๋˜ ์ •๋ณด์™€ ์„œ๋น„์Šค์— ์ ‘๊ทผํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์ฃ .
12:36
and exponential technologies
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์ž„์ƒ์‹œํ—˜๋“ค์ด ์žฌ์„ค์ •๋˜๊ณ 
12:37
that we have the real potential to reshape
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12:39
and scale health care at our pandemic age.
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ํด๋ผ์šฐ๋“œ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ๋ถ„์„ ํ”Œ๋žซํผ์œผ๋กœ ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ํ˜‘๋ ฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:43
One where we can dramatically expand access to basic health care,
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๊ธฐํ•˜๊ธ‰์ˆ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐœ์ „ํ•˜๋Š”
12:46
increasingly personalized and proactive,
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๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋“ค์˜ ์œตํ•ฉ์€
12:49
leveraging the scale of digital platforms and technologies,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํŒฌ๋ฐ๋ฏน ์‹œ๋Œ€์—
์˜๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์žฌ์ •๋น„ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•จ์„ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:52
enhancing digital connection and empathy,
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12:55
and the ability to blend virtual and in-person care,
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์˜๋ฃŒ ์„œ๋น„์Šค๋“ค์„ ๊ธ‰๊ฒฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ™•์žฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด
12:58
and leveraging the power of the crowd to share and build better maps
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๊ฐœ์ธ ๋งž์ถคํ˜• ์„œ๋น„์Šค์™€ ์ฃผ๋„์ ์œผ๋กœ
13:01
that guide our individual health
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๋””์ง€ํ„ธ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๊ณผ ํ”Œ๋žซํผ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ 
13:03
and public health journeys,
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13:04
and to develop validated and scaled solutions.
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๋””์ง€ํ„ธ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๊ณต๊ฐ๋„ ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉฐ
๊ฐ€์ƒ๊ณผ ๋Œ€๋ฉด ์„œ๋น„์Šค๊ฐ€ ํ•ฉ์ณ์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด์„œ
13:08
So imagine a new generation of volunteers,
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ํž˜์ด ์ƒ๊ฒจ
13:11
a global health corps
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13:12
similar to the volunteer paramedics and firemen of today
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๊ฐœ์ธ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•๊ณผ
13:15
that can be upskilled,
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๊ณต๊ณต ๋ณด๊ฑด์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ฒญ์‚ฌ์ง„์„ ์ž˜ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์„œ
13:16
use the powerful new tools to respond early
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์ ํ•ฉํ•œ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์„ ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:20
and collectively to enhance contact tracing, isolation and quarantine,
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์„ธ๋Œ€์˜ ์ž์›๋ด‰์‚ฌ์ž๋“ค์„ ์ƒ์ƒํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
๋‹ค๊ตญ์  ์˜๋ฃŒ ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋“ค์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
13:24
and to help identify and address social and other disparities.
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๋ณด์กฐ ์˜๋ฃŒ๊ณผํ•™๊ณผ ์†Œ๋ฐฉ๊ด€๋“ค์ด
์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ์Šต๋“ํ•ด
๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋„๊ตฌ๋กœ ์กฐ๊ธฐ์— ๋Œ€์‘ํ•ด์„œ
13:29
So coming full circle.
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13:30
Twenty four years after I was at the launch of Apollo 17,
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์ ‘์ด‰์ž ์ถ”์ , ๊ฒฉ๋ฆฌ์™€ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ์„ ์ข…ํ•ฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ€์‘ํ•ด
13:33
I found myself as a medical student on a research clerkship
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13:36
at Johnson Space Center.
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์‚ฌํšŒ์ ์œผ๋กœ๋‚˜ ํ˜น์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒฉ์ฐจ๋“ค์„ ์ค„์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:38
And much to my surprise, one day in the clinic,
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13:40
I ran right into Gene Cernan,
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋Œ์•„์™€์„œ
13:42
the Apollo 17 commander and the last man to walk on the Moon.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์•„ํด๋กœ 17๋ฐœ์‚ฌ ํ˜„์žฅ์— ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ 24๋…„ ์ „์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€๋ณด์ฃ .
์ €๋Š” ์กด์Šจ ์šฐ์ฃผ ๊ธฐ์ง€์—์„œ
13:46
After enthusiastically sharing my childhood memories of his launch,
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์ž„์ƒ์˜ํ•™์„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ์˜๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฑธ ์˜ˆ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:50
he shared one of his famous lines:
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์ •๋ง๋กœ ๋†€๋ž๊ฒŒ๋„ ํ•˜๋ฃจ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ง€๋ณ‘์›์—์„œ
13:52
"I walked on the Moon. What can't you do?"
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์œ ์ง„ ์„œ๋„Œ์„ ๋งˆ์ฃผ์ณค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์•„ํด๋กœ 17์˜ ์ง€ํœ˜๊ด€์ด์ž ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ฌ์— ๊ฐ„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
13:55
Indeed, what can't we do if we work together as one
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13:58
in the face of this pandemic?
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์ถœ๋ฐœํ•  ๋•Œ ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ์ œ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์‹œ์ ˆ์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•ด์คฌ๊ณ 
14:00
And just as the near tragedy of Apollo 13
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:03
rallied NASA to work creatively and collectively,
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โ€œ๋‚˜๋„ ๋‹ฌ์—์„œ ๊ฑธ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ชปํ•  ๊ฑด ์—†์ฃ โ€
14:07
so too can this in our pandemic age lead to our finest hour,
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์ •๋ง๋กœ ํŒฌ๋ฐ๋ฏน ์‹œ๋Œ€์—
๋จธ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋งž๋Œ€๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ชปํ•  ๊ฑด ๋ญ์ฃ ?
14:12
bring on a true health age.
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๊ทธ๋•Œ๋Š” ์•„ํด๋กœ 13์˜ ๋น„๊ทน์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์›Œ์กŒ์„ ๋•Œ์˜€๊ณ 
14:14
I believe this is possible if we all get out of our linear mindsets,
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NASA์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ง์›๋“ค์€ ์„œ๋กœ ํž˜์„ ํ•ฉ์น˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:18
take exponential steps and collaboratively go forth collectively,
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ํŒฌ๋ฐ๋ฏน ์‹œ๋Œ€๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์€ ๋•Œ๋กœ ์ด์–ด์ ธ
14:24
not only to solve the challenges of this pandemic
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์ง„์ •ํ•œ ๋ณด๊ฑด ์‹œ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ด๋Œ์–ด ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ข์€ ์ƒ๊ฐ์—์„œ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚˜๋ฉด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:27
and predict the future of health and medicine,
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14:29
but boldly to go forth together
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ํฐ ๋ฐœ๊ฑธ์Œ์„ ๋‚ด๋”›์–ด ๊ฐ™์ด ํ˜‘๋™ํ•ด์„œ ์•ž์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€๋ฉฐ
14:31
to accelerate a far better one for everyone on Spaceship Earth.
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14:36
Thanks.
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ํŒฌ๋ฐ๋ฏน ์‹œ๋Œ€์˜ ๊ณผ์ œ๋งŒ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
๋ณด๊ฑด๊ณผ ์˜๋ฃŒ์˜ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋Œ€๋‹ดํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์•ž์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€๋ฉด
์šฐ์ฃผ์‹œ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋žฌ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ชจ๋‘๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ธธ๋„ ๋” ๋นจ๋ผ์ง€๊ฒ ์ฃ .
๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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