What If Buildings Created Energy Instead of Consuming It? | Ksenia Petrichenko | TED

95,952 views ・ 2023-02-16

TED


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

λ²ˆμ—­: μ„±μ€€ μ•ˆ κ²€ν† : Jihyeon J. Kim
00:08
Buildings are not only what they seem.
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κ±΄λ¬Όμ΄λž€ κ²‰μœΌλ‘œ λ³΄μ΄λŠ” 것이 μ „λΆ€λŠ” μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:11
They aren't just inert structures to live and work in.
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λ‹¨μˆœνžˆ μ£Όκ±°μ§€λ‚˜ 직μž₯으둜 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” ꡬ쑰물이 μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:15
They're connected to the energy system.
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건물은 μ—λ„ˆμ§€ 체계와 κ΄€λ ¨ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:18
And this makes buildings an essential element
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κ·Έλ ‡κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ— μ „ μ„Έκ³„μ˜ νƒˆνƒ„μ†Œν™”λ₯Ό λ…Όν•  λ•Œ
00:22
of the efforts to decarbonize our world.
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건물을 빼놓고 이야기할 수 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:25
Today, I want to talk about changing our thinking
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였늘 λ‹€λ£¨κ³ μž ν•˜λŠ” μ£Όμ œλŠ”
μ—λ„ˆμ§€ 체계 μΈ‘λ©΄μ—μ„œ
00:29
around the role of buildings in the energy system
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건물의 역할에 λŒ€ν•œ μƒκ°μ˜ μ „ν™˜κ³Ό
00:33
and how they can transform to bring us closer to our climate targets.
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건물을 νƒˆλ°”κΏˆν•˜μ—¬
κΈ°ν›„λͺ©ν‘œ 달성에 ν•œ 걸음 λ‹€κ°€μ„€ 수 μžˆλŠ” λ°©λ²•μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:39
But first, I want to take you to where I grew up,
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μ‹œμž‘μ— μ•žμ„œ μ œκ°€ μžλž€ 곳의 사진을 λ³΄μ—¬λ“œλ¦¬κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:43
in this building in a mid-sized city in Russia.
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μ €λŠ” λŸ¬μ‹œμ•„μ˜ μ€‘μ†Œλ„μ‹œμ— μžˆλŠ” μ§‘μ—μ„œ μžλžμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:47
To me, it looked [like] just a great concrete box,
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μ œκ°€ λ³΄κΈ°μ—λŠ” 크고 ν”ν•œ 콘크리트 μƒμž κ°™μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:50
like many others.
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00:52
There are indeed numerous buildings like this across Europe and Central Asia,
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유럽과 μ€‘μ•™μ•„μ‹œμ•„ λ“±μ§€μ—λŠ” 이런 건물이 정말 λ§Žμ€λ°
00:56
inherited from Soviet times.
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μ†Œλ ¨ μ‹œμ ˆλΆ€ν„° μžˆμ—ˆλ˜ 건물이죠.
00:59
They were built quickly to house as many people as possible,
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μ΅œλŒ€ν•œ λ§Žμ€ μ‚¬λžŒμ„ μˆ˜μš©ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ κΈ‰νžˆ μ„Έμš΄ 건물으둜
01:03
without much consideration for their design,
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μ„€κ³„λ‚˜ νŽΈμ•ˆν•¨, μ—λ„ˆμ§€ μ‚¬μš©λŸ‰μ„ κ³ λ €ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šκ³  λ§Œλ“€μ–΄μ‘ŒμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:06
comfort and energy usage.
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01:09
This is true of many, many buildings across the world.
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μ „ 세계에 이런 건물이 정말 λ§ŽμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:13
Nondescript housing and office boxes,
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κ°œμ„± μ—†λŠ” 건물과 사무싀은 μ €λ ΄ν•œ 가격에 λΉ λ₯΄κ²Œ λ“€μ–΄μ„°κ³ 
01:16
built fast and cheap, and all connected to the energy system.
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μ „λΆ€ μ—λ„ˆμ§€ 체계와 κ΄€λ ¨ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:22
I live in Paris now,
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μ œκ°€ μ§€κΈˆ μ‚΄κ³  μžˆλŠ” νŒŒλ¦¬μ—λŠ”
01:24
and though buildings there look much nicer,
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훨씬 λ©‹μ§„ 건물듀이 λ§Žμ§€λ§Œ
01:28
from the perspective of energy, issues are similar.
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μ—λ„ˆμ§€ μΈ‘λ©΄μ—μ„œλŠ” λΉ„μŠ·ν•œ λ¬Έμ œκ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:32
High energy consumption,
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μ—λ„ˆμ§€λ₯Ό 많이 μ†ŒλΉ„ν•˜κ³ 
01:34
reliance on fossil fuels
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ν™”μ„μ—°λ£Œμ— μ˜μ‘΄ν•˜κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ—
01:36
and high energy costs,
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μ—λ„ˆμ§€ μš”κΈˆμ΄ λΉ„μ‹Έμ§€κ³ 
01:38
driven even higher by the current energy crisis.
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μš”κΈˆμ€ λ”μš± μƒμŠΉν•΄ μ§€κΈˆμ˜ μ—λ„ˆμ§€ μœ„κΈ°λ₯Ό μ΄ˆλž˜ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:43
In Paris, I work with International Energy Agency,
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μ €λŠ” νŒŒλ¦¬μ— μœ„μΉ˜ν•œ ꡭ제 μ—λ„ˆμ§€ 기ꡬ의 μ§μ›μœΌλ‘œ
01:46
and we advise governments across the world on various energy issues.
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μ „ 세계 μ •λΆ€μ—μ„œ κ²ͺλŠ” λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ μ—λ„ˆμ§€ λ¬Έμ œμ—
μžλ¬Έν•˜λŠ” 업무λ₯Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:51
And for that, we look at data a lot.
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κ·Έλ ‡κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ—
μƒλ‹Ήνžˆ λ§Žμ€ 데이터λ₯Ό μ ‘ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:55
And our data shows that at the global scale,
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μ „ 세계 규λͺ¨μ˜ 데이터에 λ”°λ₯΄λ©΄
01:57
buildings are responsible for about one third of total energy consumption
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μ—λ„ˆμ§€μ˜ 총 μ†ŒλΉ„λŸ‰κ³Ό
μ—λ„ˆμ§€ μ‚¬μš© 및 처리둜 λ°°μΆœλ˜λŠ” μ΄μ‚°ν™”νƒ„μ†Œ 쀑
02:03
and energy- and process-related carbon dioxide emissions.
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건물이 μ°¨μ§€ν•˜λŠ” λΉ„μœ¨μ€ μ•½ 33%에 μ΄λ¦…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:07
In Europe, for example, 90 percent of buildings that exist today
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μœ λŸ½μ„ 예둜 λ“€λ©΄
μ§€κΈˆ μžˆλŠ” 건물의 90%λŠ”
02:12
will still be standing and in use by 2050.
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2050λ…„κΉŒμ§€ 문제 없이 μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:16
We are also building more new buildings.
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λ˜ν•œ 건물도 μ‹ μΆ•ν•˜κ³  있죠.
02:19
Our data shows that the global floor area
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데이터상 μ „ μ„Έκ³„μ˜ λ°”λ‹₯면적은
02:22
is expected to increase by 75 percent by mid-century.
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이번 μ„ΈκΈ° μ€‘μ—½κΉŒμ§€ 75% 증가할 것이라고 μ˜ˆμƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:27
This is equivalent to adding an area the size of Paris every week
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이만큼 λ°”λ‹₯면적이 μ¦κ°€ν•˜λ €λ©΄ 파리만 ν•œ 크기의 땅이
ν–₯ν›„ 30λ…„κ°„ λ§€μ£Ό λŠ˜μ–΄λ‚˜μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:32
for the next 30 years.
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02:35
If this happens with energy consumption patterns of today,
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μ—λ„ˆμ§€ μ†ŒλΉ„ νŒ¨ν„΄μ„ μœ μ§€ν•œ μ±„λ‘œ λ°”λ‹₯면적이 μ¦κ°€ν•œλ‹€λ©΄
02:39
this alone will make it very difficult to achieve our climate targets.
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이 문제 ν•˜λ‚˜λ§ŒμœΌλ‘œλ„ κΈ°ν›„λͺ©ν‘œλ₯Ό λ‹¬μ„±ν•˜κΈ° νž˜λ“€κ²Œ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:45
Fortunately, we do have solutions available
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λ‹€ν–‰νžˆ λ‹Ήμž₯ μ“Έ 수 μžˆλŠ” 해결책이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:49
to reduce direct emissions from buildings
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κ±΄λ¬Όμ—μ„œ λ°”λ‘œ λ°°μΆœλ˜λŠ” 곡해λ₯Ό
02:52
by more than 95 percent by 2050.
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2050λ…„κΉŒμ§€ 95% 이상 μ€„μ΄λŠ” 방법이죠.
02:57
And for this, we need three things:
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이λ₯Ό μœ„ν•΄ ν•„μš”ν•œ μ„Έ κ°€μ§€λŠ”
03:00
efficiency,
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νš¨μœ¨μ„±κ³Ό μ „λ ₯ν™”, νƒˆνƒ„μ†Œν™”μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:01
electrification and decarbonization.
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03:05
Energy efficiency must come first.
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이 쀑 μ—λ„ˆμ§€ νš¨μœ¨μ„±μ΄ μ΅œμš°μ„ μ΄λ©°
03:08
And in buildings, it should be improved in two ways.
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건물의 κ²½μš°μ—λŠ” 두 κ°€μ§€ λ°©λ²•μœΌλ‘œ κ°œμ„ ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:12
First, through improving energy efficiency of the building envelope
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μš°μ„ μœΌλ‘œλŠ” 건물 μ™Έμž₯재의 μ—λ„ˆμ§€ νš¨μœ¨μ„ κ°œμ„ ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:16
with better materials, design solutions,
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λ”μš± 쒋은 자재λ₯Ό μ“°κ³  보닀 효율적인 섀계λ₯Ό μ μš©ν•˜μ—¬
03:19
insulation of walls, roofs, basements,
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λ²½κ³Ό μ§€λΆ•, μ§€ν•˜, μ°½λ¬Έμ—λŠ” μ—λ„ˆμ§€ 효율이 쒋은
03:23
energy-efficient windows.
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λ‹¨μ—΄μž¬λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•΄μ•Ό ν•˜μ£ .
03:25
Second, through improving energy efficiency
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λ‹€μŒμœΌλ‘œλŠ”
건물 λ‚΄μ—μ„œ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” λͺ¨λ“  κ°€μ „μ œν’ˆκ³Ό μž₯λΉ„μ˜
03:28
of all appliances and equipment used in building --
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μ—λ„ˆμ§€ νš¨μœ¨μ„ κ°œμ„ ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:31
for space heating and cooling, water heating,
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μ‹€λ‚΄κ³΅κ°„μ˜ λƒ‰λ‚œλ°©κ³Ό 급탕, μ‘°λͺ…,
03:34
lighting, cooking, working and entertainment.
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쑰리, 업무, 여가에 μ“°μ΄λŠ” μ—λ„ˆμ§€κ°€ 여기에 ν•΄λ‹Ήν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:38
However, energy efficiency, as they say, takes a village.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ—λ„ˆμ§€ νš¨μœ¨μ„ κ°œμ„ ν•˜λ €λ©΄ λ§Žμ€ μ‚¬λžŒμ˜ ν˜‘μ‘°κ°€ ν•„μš”ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:43
Many forces and interests interact
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건물의 건좕과 λ³΄μˆ˜μ—λŠ” λ§Žμ€ μ••λ ₯κ³Ό 이해관계가 μ–½ν˜€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:46
during construction and renovation of a building.
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03:49
The developers, the owners, the regulators, the architects,
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건섀 업체와 건물주, κ·œμ œκΈ°κ΄€, 건좕가
03:53
the suppliers of technologies,
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건물 μ‹œκ³΅ 기술자
03:55
the market itself exerting price pressure.
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그리고 μ‹œμž₯ λ‚΄ 가격도 λ¬Έμ œκ°€ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:59
All these need to be aligned.
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이걸 μ „λΆ€ μ‘°μ •ν•΄μ•Ό ν•˜μ£ .
04:02
And it all starts with the governments mandating
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그리고 이 과정은 μ •λΆ€μ—μ„œ ν•„μˆ˜λ‘œ μ§€μ •ν•œ
04:05
minimum energy efficiency requirements through their regulation,
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μ΅œμ†Œ μ—λ„ˆμ§€ 효율 쑰건에 따라 규제λ₯Ό 톡해 이루어지며
04:10
putting the right incentives in place and providing clear information tools.
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κ·œμ œμƒ μž₯렀책이 μ μž¬μ μ†Œμ— λ§ˆλ ¨λ˜μ–΄μ•Ό ν•˜κ³ 
λͺ…ν™•ν•œ 정보λ₯Ό μ œκ³΅ν•  μˆ˜λ‹¨μ΄ μžˆμ–΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:16
Building energy codes,
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κ°€μ „μ œν’ˆκ³Ό μž₯비에 κ·œκ²©μ΄λ‚˜ μƒν‘œκ°€ μžˆλ“―μ΄
04:17
standards and labeling for appliances and equipment, as well as buildings,
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건물에도 건물 μ—λ„ˆμ§€ μ½”λ“œκ°€ 있으며
04:22
are among the most effective instruments at our disposal --
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μ΄λŠ” λ‹€λ₯Έ 보쑰 λ©”μ»€λ‹ˆμ¦˜μœΌλ‘œ μ½”λ“œλ₯Ό λ³΄μ™„ν•œλ‹€λŠ” μ „μ œν•˜μ—
04:26
if they're enforced well and together with other supporting mechanisms.
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동원할 수 μžˆλŠ” κ°€μž₯ μœ μš©ν•œ μˆ˜λ‹¨μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:32
Energy efficiency in buildings also depends on us as consumers,
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건물의 μ—λ„ˆμ§€ νš¨μœ¨μ€ 우리 μ†ŒλΉ„μžμ—κ²Œλ„ 영ν–₯λ°›μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:37
the choices we make,
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우리의 μ„ νƒμœΌλ‘œ
04:38
buildings we decide to live in,
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μ–΄λŠ κ±΄λ¬Όμ—μ„œ μ‚΄κ³ 
04:40
appliances and devices we buy
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μ–΄λ–€ κ°€μ „μ œν’ˆμ΄λ‚˜ κΈ°κΈ°λ₯Ό 사고
04:42
and the way we use them at home or our workplaces.
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μ§‘μ΄λ‚˜ 직μž₯μ—μ„œ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μ“°λŠλƒμ— 따라 λ‹¬λΌμ§‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:48
So what is the result of improving energy efficiency?
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μ—λ„ˆμ§€ νš¨μœ¨μ„ κ°œμ„ ν•˜λ©΄ μ–΄λ–€ κ²°κ³Όκ°€ μƒκΈΈκΉŒμš”?
04:51
Significant energy savings,
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μ ˆμ•½ν•˜λŠ” μ—λ„ˆμ§€μ˜ 양은 λ§Žμ•„μ§€κ³ 
04:53
reduced CO2 emissions,
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μ΄μ‚°ν™”νƒ„μ†Œ λ°°μΆœλŸ‰μ€ κ°μ†Œν•˜λ©°
04:55
lower energy bills
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μ—λ„ˆμ§€ μš”κΈˆμ΄ 쀄고
04:57
and improved comfort, productivity
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μ£Όκ±°ν•˜λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒμ€ 더 λ‚˜μ€ μ•ˆλ½ν•¨κ³Ό
생산성을 μ œκ³΅λ°›κ³  κ±΄κ°•ν•œ 삢을 λˆ„λ¦΄ 수 있죠.
05:02
and health of people living in them.
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05:05
The second thing we need is a massive shift towards electricity.
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두 λ²ˆμ§Έλ‘œλŠ”
μ „λ ₯ 이용 λ°©μ‹μœΌλ‘œ λŒ€κ·œλͺ¨ μ „ν™˜ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:10
And of course I mean clean, decarbonized electricity
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λ‹Ήμ—°νžˆ μ „λ ₯은 μΉœν™˜κ²½μ μ΄κ³  νƒ„μ†Œλ₯Ό μ†ŒλŸ‰ λ°°μΆœν•΄μ•Ό ν•˜λ©°
05:14
produced from solar, wind and other low-carbon sources.
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νƒœμ–‘μ—΄κ³Ό 풍λ ₯ λ“± μ €νƒ„μ†Œ μ—λ„ˆμ§€μ›μœΌλ‘œ 생산해야 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:20
If we look at Europe, for instance,
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유럽의 경우λ₯Ό 예둜 λ“€λ©΄
05:22
more than 40 percent of households
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가ꡬ 쀑 40% 이상이
05:25
rely on natural gas for space heating and cooking.
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κ°€μ •μ˜ λ‚œλ°©κ³Ό 쑰리에 μ²œμ—°κ°€μŠ€λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:30
To complicate matters,
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더 κ³€λž€ν•œ 점은
05:32
40 percent of all gas consumed in Europe last year was imported from Russia.
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μž‘λ…„ μœ λŸ½μ—μ„œ μ†ŒλΉ„ν•œ κ°€μŠ€μ˜ 40%λŠ”
λŸ¬μ‹œμ•„μ‚°μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:39
So there is a climate imperative,
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이렇듯 κΈ°ν›„λ¬Έμ œλ„ ν•΄κ²°ν•΄μ•Ό ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ
05:41
but also a strong geopolitical and energy security imperative
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깊게 μ–½νžŒ 지정학적 λ¬Έμ œμ™€ μ—λ„ˆμ§€ μ•ˆλ³΄λ₯Ό ν•΄κ²°ν•΄μ•Ό
05:46
to electrify and decarbonize our buildings
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건물을 μ „λ ₯ν™”ν•˜κ³  νƒ„μ†Œλ°°μΆœλŸ‰μ„ μ ˆκ°ν•˜μ—¬
05:48
and make them as efficient as possible.
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μ΅œλŒ€ν•œ 효율적으둜 λ§Œλ“€ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:52
This doesn't only mean replacing energy supply from a gas pipeline
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μ΄λŠ” κ³΅κΈ‰λ°›λŠ” μ—λ„ˆμ§€λ₯Ό
κ°€μŠ€κ°€ μ•„λ‹Œ μ „λ ₯으둜 λŒ€μ²΄ν•˜λŠ” λ‹¨μˆœν•œ 과정이 μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:57
with energy supply from an electric line.
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06:00
And here I reach back to my opening point.
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μ‹œμž‘ν•  λ•Œ λ§μ”€λ“œλ Έλ˜ 주제둜 λŒμ•„μ™”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:03
We need to look at buildings differently.
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건물을 λ‹€λ₯Έ μ‹œμ„ μœΌλ‘œ 바라봐야 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:07
Not only as great concrete boxes, as I used to do,
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건물을 λ¬΄μ‹ν•œ 콘크리트 μƒμžλ‘œ μΉ˜λΆ€ν–ˆλ˜ μ§€λ‚œλ‚ κ³Ό 달리
06:11
but as potential active players in the energy system.
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μ—λ„ˆμ§€ μ²΄κ³„μ—μ„œ λŠ₯λ™μ μœΌλ‘œ λŒ€μ‘ν•  수 μžˆλŠ”
κ°€λŠ₯μ„±μœΌλ‘œ 생각해야 ν•˜μ£ .
06:17
So how can we make buildings active?
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μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ 건물둜 λŠ₯λ™μ μœΌλ‘œ λŒ€μ‘ν• κΉŒμš”?
06:22
Through installing efficient and low-carbon technologies
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νš¨μœ¨μ μ΄λ©΄μ„œλ„ νƒ„μ†Œλ₯Ό μ†ŒλŸ‰ λ°°μΆœν•˜λŠ” 기술인
06:26
such as solar panels,
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νƒœμ–‘κ΄‘ νŒ¨λ„, μ—΄νŽŒν”„, μ—λ„ˆμ§€ μ €μž₯μ‹œμ„€ 등을 μ„€μΉ˜ν•˜κ³ 
06:28
heat pumps, energy storage,
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06:30
making use of smart and digital tools.
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슀마트, λ””μ§€ν„Έ κΈ°μˆ μ„ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λ©΄ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:34
All technologies we already have,
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이미 λͺ¨λ“  κΈ°μˆ μ„ κ°–μΆ˜ μƒνƒœμ΄λ©°
06:37
and in many cases their costs are decreasing.
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기술의 λΉ„μš©μ€ μ €λ ΄ν•΄μ§€λŠ” μΆ”μ„Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:41
Let me introduce a word we don’t often hear:
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λ‚―μ„  단어λ₯Ό ν•˜λ‚˜ μ†Œκ°œν•΄ λ“œλ¦¬κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:45
β€œprosumer.”
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β€œν”„λ‘œμŠˆλ¨Έβ€œμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:47
Think of a building not only as a consumer of energy,
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건물이 μ—λ„ˆμ§€λ₯Ό μ†ŒλΉ„λ§Œ ν•˜λŠ” 주체가 μ•„λ‹Œ
06:50
but as prosumer,
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ν”„λ‘œμŠˆλ¨Έκ°€ λ˜μ–΄
06:52
both consuming and producing.
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μ†ŒλΉ„μ™€ 생산을 λ™μ‹œμ— ν•œλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•΄λ³΄μ„Έμš”.
06:56
Most buildings can produce at least part of the energy they need.
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λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ˜ κ±΄λ¬Όμ—μ„œλŠ”
ν•„μš”ν•œ μ—λ„ˆμ§€μ˜ 일뢀λ₯Ό 생산할 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:01
In many cases, they can produce more.
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보톡은 ν•„μš”λŸ‰ 이상을 생산할 수 있죠.
07:04
Such buildings already exist in many parts of the world.
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이미 이런 건물은 μ „ 세계 λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ 곳에 μ‘΄μž¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:08
In Switzerland, for example,
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μŠ€μœ„μŠ€λ₯Ό 예둜 λ“€λ©΄
07:10
there is even a single family house
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가ꡬ 단 ν•œ κ³³μ—μ„œ μƒμ‚°ν•˜λŠ” μ—λ„ˆμ§€λŠ”
07:12
that produces 800 percent of the energy it needs.
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ν•„μš”ν•œ μ—λ„ˆμ§€μ˜ 800%에 λ‹¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:17
But still, we have a long way to go to make them a common practice.
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κ·Έλž˜λ„ μ—¬μ „νžˆ
μƒμš©ν™”κΉŒμ§€λŠ” 갈 길이 λ©€μ£ .
07:23
Besides challenges with improving energy efficiency
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μ—λ„ˆμ§€ νš¨μœ¨μ„ κ°œμ„ ν•˜κ³  μ €νƒ„μ†Œ 기술 μ„€μΉ˜ν•  λ•Œ
07:26
and installing low-carbon technologies,
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ν•΄κ²°ν•΄μ•Ό ν•˜λŠ” λ¬Έμ œκ°€ μžˆμ„λΏλ”λŸ¬
07:28
another obstacle is that our electricity networks,
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λ‹€λ₯Έ λ¬Έμ œκ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
μ „λ ₯망 λ˜λŠ” κ·Έλ¦¬λ“œλΌλŠ” μž₯애물이죠.
07:32
or grids, as we call them,
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07:35
were designed to operate
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μ „λ ₯망은 λ°œμ „μ†Œ λ“±
07:36
with large centralized sources of generation, like power plants.
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κ±°λŒ€ 쀑앙 ν—ˆλΈŒμ—μ„œ μƒμ‚°ν•œ μ—λ„ˆμ§€λ₯Ό μš΄μ˜ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ μ„€κ³„λ˜μ—ˆμœΌλ©°
07:42
And their design hasn't changed much over the past century.
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100년이 μ§€λ‚œ μ§€κΈˆλ„ λ³€ν•œ 것이 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:46
So increasing decentralized
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μ€‘μ•™μ—μ„œ κ΄€λ¦¬ν•˜λŠ” 방식이 μ•„λ‹Œ λ°œμ „μ†Œλ‚˜
07:50
or distributed, smaller-scale generation,
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μ†Œκ·œλͺ¨ λ°œμ „μ†Œκ°€ λ§Žμ•„μ§€κ³  λΆ„λ‹΄ν•˜μ—¬ λ°œμ „ν•œλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•΄λ³΄μ„Έμš”.
07:54
especially from variable renewable sources like solar and wind,
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νŠΉνžˆλ‚˜ νƒœμ–‘μ—΄κ³Ό 풍λ ₯ λ“± μž¬μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” μ—λ„ˆμ§€μ›μ„ ν™œμš©ν•œλ‹€λ©΄
07:58
can really put pressure on existing electricity grids
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기쑴에 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” μ „λ ₯망에 압박감을 μ‘°μ„±ν•˜μ—¬
08:02
and challenge their stability.
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μ•ˆμ •μ„± 문제 해결을 촉ꡬ할 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:05
So we also need to rethink the way our entire electricity system is designed.
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λ˜ν•œ μ „λ ₯ν™” 체계가 μ„€κ³„λœ 방식도
λ‹€μ‹œ 생각할 ν•„μš”κ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:10
Smart grids can communicate to a building
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슀마트 κ·Έλ¦¬λ“œλŠ” 건물의 μƒνƒœλ₯Ό νŒŒμ•…ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄
08:14
through software algorithms and smart controls,
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μ†Œν”„νŠΈμ›¨μ–΄ μ•Œκ³ λ¦¬μ¦˜κ³Ό 슀마트 μ»¨νŠΈλ‘€μ„ ν™œμš©ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:18
and, for example, send a signal to a connected device,
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예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄ λ‚œλ°©μ²΄κ³„ 등에
μ—°κ²°λœ 기기둜 μ‹ ν˜Έλ₯Ό 보내
08:21
such as your heating system,
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08:24
to temporarily stop or reduce energy use,
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μ—λ„ˆμ§€ μ‚¬μš©μ„ μž„μ‹œλ‘œ μ€‘μ§€ν•˜κ±°λ‚˜ μ ˆκ°ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:28
or, if possible, shift it to the time
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ν˜Ήμ€ μž‘λ™ν•˜λŠ” μ‹œκ°„λŒ€λ₯Ό λ°”κΎΈμ–΄
08:30
when electricity is more available, cleaner or cheaper.
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μ „λ ₯λŸ‰μ΄ 더 μ—¬μœ λ‘­κ±°λ‚˜ μΉœν™˜κ²½μ μ΄κ³  μ €λ ΄ν•  λ•Œ μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 있죠.
08:35
This can really improve the robustness of the electricity network
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이런 λ°©μ‹μœΌλ‘œ
μ „λ ₯망의 μ•ˆμ •μ„±μ„ κ°œμ„ ν•˜κ³ 
08:41
and help to avoid, for example, rolling blackouts,
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이와 λ”λΆˆμ–΄
예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄ 빈번히 λ°œμƒν•˜λŠ” 순차 정전을 λ°©μ§€ν•  수 μžˆμœΌλ©΄μ„œλ„
08:45
which are becoming more common,
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08:47
while consumers can get paid for it.
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μ†ŒλΉ„μžλŠ” μƒμ‚°ν•œ μ „κΈ°λ₯Ό νŒλ§€ν•  수 있죠.
08:51
If you have an electric car
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ μ „κΈ°μ°¨λ₯Ό μ“°λŠ” 데
08:53
and you keep it plugged in for a prolonged period of time,
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μ˜€λž«λ™μ•ˆ ν”ŒλŸ¬κ·Έλ₯Ό 꽂아 μΆ©μ²œν•΄μ•Ό ν•  λ•Œ
08:56
a smart charger can help to find the best time to charge it,
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슀마트 μΆ©μ „κΈ°λ₯Ό ν™œμš©ν•œλ‹€λ©΄
κ·Έλ¦¬λ“œμ—μ„œ μ œκ³΅λ°›μ€ 정보λ₯Ό ν† λŒ€λ‘œ 졜적의 μΆ©μ „ μ‹œκ°„μ„ μ•Œ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:00
depending on the information from the grid.
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09:03
This can help save you money and support the electricity system.
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μ΄λŠ” λˆμ„ μ ˆμ•½ν•˜κ³  μ „λ ₯ 체계에 도움이 될 수 있죠.
09:08
It gets even more interesting.
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점점 ν₯λ―Έλ‘œμ›Œμ§‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:10
Electric cars are essentially batteries on wheels,
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μ „κΈ°μ°¨λž€ 바퀴 달린 배터리이기 λ•Œλ¬Έμ—
09:13
so they can also be used as energy storage
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μ—λ„ˆμ§€ μ €μž₯μ‹œμ„€λ‘œλ„ 이용 κ°€λŠ₯ν•˜λ©°
09:16
and dispatch electricity to the home or to the grid
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ν•„μš”μ— 맞좰 μ§‘μ΄λ‚˜ κ·Έλ¦¬λ“œμ— μ „λ ₯을 μ œκ³΅ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:20
at the time of need.
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09:22
A building itself can be used to store energy for some time,
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λ•Œμ— 따라 건물 자체λ₯Ό μ—λ„ˆμ§€ μ €μž₯μ‹œμ„€λ‘œ μ΄μš©ν•  수 μžˆμ§€λ§Œ
09:26
but you need to make it energy-efficient first.
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μ—λ„ˆμ§€λ₯Ό 효율적으둜 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜κ²Œ λ§Œλ“œλŠ” 것이 μš°μ„ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:30
Potentially you can also get paid
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ κ°€μ§„ μ—λ„ˆμ§€ μ €μž₯μ‹œμ„€λ‘œ
09:34
for making your energy storage available
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잠재적인 μˆ˜μž…μ„ 확보할 μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:37
for electricity system to store renewable electricity
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μ „λ ₯ μ²΄κ³„μ—μ„œ μž¬μƒκ°€λŠ₯ μ „λ ₯을
μ§€λ‚˜μΉ˜κ²Œ 많이 μƒμ‚°ν–ˆμ„ κ²½μš°μ—λŠ”
09:41
when there is too much of it,
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μ „λ ₯ μ €μž₯에 ν™œμš©ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:43
for example, when there is a lot of sunshine or wind,
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예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄ ν™”μ°½ν•˜κ±°λ‚˜ ν’λŸ‰μ΄ λ§Žμ§€λ§Œ
09:46
but demand is not high enough to use it all.
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μˆ˜μš”κ°€ 적어 μ „λ ₯을 μ „λΆ€ μ“Έ 수 없을 λ•Œ ν™œμš©ν•  수 있죠.
09:51
It's almost like renting your spare bedroom on Airbnb,
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μˆ™λ°•μ—…μ²΄μ—μ„œ 빈 침싀을 λΉŒλ¦¬λŠ” 것과 λΉ„μŠ·ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ
09:55
just for hosting electricity.
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μ „λ ₯을 λ‹€λ£° 뿐이죠.
09:59
Now imagine a future with many, many buildings,
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λ―Έλž˜μ— 정말 μˆ˜λ§Žμ€ κ±΄λ¬Όμ—μ„œ
10:03
solar panels, electric cars,
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νƒœμ–‘κ΄‘ νŒ¨λ„, μ „κΈ°μ°¨
10:06
energy storage, other distributed devices,
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μ—λ„ˆμ§€ μ €μž₯μ‹œμ„€, λΆ„μ‚° κΈ°κΈ°
10:09
drawing electricity from the grid and supplying electricity back to it.
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κ·Έλ¦¬λ“œλ₯Ό 톡해 μ „λ ₯을 μ œκ³΅λ°›κ³ 
μ „λ ₯을 되돌렀 κ³΅κΈ‰ν•˜λŠ” λͺ¨μŠ΅μ„ μƒμƒν•΄λ³΄μ„Έμš”.
10:15
Obviously we would need a way to manage all this data efficiently
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λΆ„λͺ…ν•œ 점은, λͺ¨λ“  데이터λ₯Ό
νš¨κ³Όμ μ΄λ©΄μ„œλ„ μ‹€μ‹œκ°„μœΌλ‘œ 관리할 방법이 ν•„μš”ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:20
and in real time,
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10:22
make sure that devices interact well with each other
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κΈ°κΈ° 간에 μ›ν™œν•˜κ²Œ μƒν˜Έμž‘μš©ν•˜λ„λ‘ ν™•μ‹€ν•˜κ²Œ κ΅¬μ„±ν•˜κ³ 
10:26
and are able to communicate to the grid
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κ·Έλ¦¬λ“œμ˜ μƒνƒœλ₯Ό νŒŒμ•…ν•˜μ—¬
10:29
and optimize electricity demand and supply for the entire system.
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전체 μ²΄κ³„μ˜ μ „λ ₯ μˆ˜μš” 및 곡급을 μ΅œμ ν™”ν•  수 μžˆμ–΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:35
Virtual power plants,
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가상 λ°œμ „μ†ŒλΌκ³  ν•˜λŠ”
10:36
digital and intelligent platforms can do just that.
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λ””μ§€ν„Έ, μ§€λŠ₯ν˜• ν”Œλž«νΌμ΄λΌλ©΄ κ°€λŠ₯ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:41
They can aggregate electricity consumption and production
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가상 λ°œμ „μ†ŒλŠ” λΆ„μ‚°λœ μˆ˜λ§Žμ€ λ°œμ „μ†Œμ—μ„œ κ°–μΆ˜
10:45
from many distributed resources,
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μ „λ ₯ μ†ŒλΉ„λŸ‰κ³Ό μƒμ‚°λŸ‰μ„ μ§‘κ³„ν•˜μ—¬
10:48
make use of local storage
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μ§€μ—­ μ €μž₯μ‹œμ„€μ„ ν™œμš©ν•˜κ³  λ³΅μž‘ν•œ μƒν˜Έμž‘μš©μ„ 관리할 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:50
and manage complex interactions.
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10:53
Virtual power plants can also facilitate
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λ˜ν•œ 가상 λ°œμ „μ†Œλ₯Ό ν†΅ν•˜μ—¬
10:56
peer-to-peer renewable electricity trading.
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개인 κ°„ μž¬μƒ κ°€λŠ₯ν•œ μ „λ ₯ κ±°λž˜κ°€ ν™œμ„±ν™”λ  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:00
Imagine that electricity that your building produced,
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ˜ κ±΄λ¬Όμ—μ„œ μ „λ ₯을 μƒμ‚°ν•œλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•΄λ³΄μ„Έμš”.
11:04
for example, from solar panels,
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예λ₯Ό λ“€μžλ©΄ νƒœμ–‘κ΄€ νŒ¨λ„λ‘œ μƒμ‚°ν–ˆμ§€λ§Œ λ‹Ήμž₯ ν•„μš” μ—†λ‹€λ©΄
11:06
but you don't need at the moment,
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11:08
you can sell directly to another building that needs it
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온라인 ν”Œλž«νΌμ„ ν†΅ν•˜μ—¬ μ „λ ₯이 ν•„μš”ν•œ λ‹€λ₯Έ 건물에
11:12
via an online platform.
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직접 νŒλ§€ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:14
A project like this has been running already for several years
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이와 μœ μ‚¬ν•œ ν”„λ‘œμ νŠΈλŠ” 이미 μˆ˜λ…„κ°„
11:17
in one of the districts in Bangkok
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방콕 일뢀 μ§€μ—­μ—μ„œ μ‹œν–‰λ˜κ³  있으며
11:19
and is showing benefits to the consumers, the grid and the planet.
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μ†ŒλΉ„μžμ™€ κ·Έλ¦¬λ“œ, λ°œμ „μ†Œ λͺ¨λ‘κ°€ 이득을 보고 있죠.
11:25
There are other pilot projects like this in different countries,
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λ‹€λ₯Έ λ‚˜λΌμ—μ„œλ„ λΉ„μŠ·ν•œ μž„μ‹œ ν”„λ‘œμ νŠΈλ₯Ό μ§„ν–‰ μ€‘μ΄μ§€λ§Œ
11:28
but for them to scale,
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규λͺ¨λ₯Ό ν‚€μš°κΈ° μœ„ν•΄μ„œλŠ”
11:30
our policy frameworks and electricity market design
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μ •μΉ˜μ²΄κ³„μ™€ μ „λ ₯ μ‹œμž₯ μ„€κ³„μ˜ 상당 뢀뢄을
11:34
need to undergo substantial changes.
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λ°”κΏ”μ•Ό ν•  ν•„μš”κ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:38
Our buildings need to become more efficient
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건물의 νš¨μœ¨μ€ μ’‹μ•„μ§€κ³ 
11:41
and grids need to evolve into smarter managers
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κ·Έλ¦¬λ“œμ—μ„œλŠ” λΆ„μ‚°λœ μ—λ„ˆμ§€μ›μ„
11:44
of distributed energy resources.
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효율적으둜 관리해야 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:47
It's a dramatic shift.
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극적인 λ³€ν™”μ˜ μˆœκ°„μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:49
It's like going from all-television world with a single broadcaster
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마치 방솑사가 ν•˜λ‚˜λΏμ΄μ—ˆλ˜ TV μ‹œλŒ€μ—μ„œ
11:54
to a new, connected world
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λͺ¨λ‘κ°€ μ—λ„ˆμ§€λ₯Ό 생산, κ³΅μœ ν•  수 μžˆλŠ”
11:56
where everyone can generate and share their own content.
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μƒˆλ‘­κ²Œ μ—°κ²°λœ μ‹œλŒ€λ‘œ λ³€ν•˜λŠ” λŠλ‚Œμ΄μ£ .
12:01
Remember that building I grew up in?
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μ œκ°€ 자랐던 μ§‘ κΈ°μ–΅ν•˜μ‹œλ‚˜μš”?
12:04
You might be surprised,
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λ“£κ³  λ‚˜λ©΄ λ†€λž„ κ±°μ˜ˆμš”.
12:05
but during winter, it would often get too hot inside the apartment,
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겨울 λ™μ•ˆμ€ μ•„νŒŒνŠΈ λ‚΄λΆ€κ°€ λ„ˆλ¬΄ λ”μ› λ‹΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:10
even if it was -30 outside.
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심지어 λ°–μ—λŠ” μ˜ν•˜ 30λ„μ˜€μ—ˆμ£ .
12:14
It was because of highly inefficient central heating system,
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μ•„μ£Ό λΉ„νš¨μœ¨μ μΈ μ€‘μ•™λ‚œλ°©μ²΄κ³„ λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.,
12:18
which we couldn't control or do anything about.
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μ‘°μ ˆμ€ 컀녕 아무도 μ†λŒ€μ§€ λͺ»ν•˜λŠ” 체계이죠.
12:21
So we did this.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:23
Yes. We had to open the windows to get some fresh air and more comfort.
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λ³΄μ‹œλ‹€μ‹œν”Ό 창문을 μ—΄μ–΄μ•Όλ§Œ
μ‹ μ„ ν•˜κ³  μ‹œμ›ν•œ 곡기λ₯Ό 쐴 수 μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:29
Now I want to take you to my current flat in Paris,
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νŒŒλ¦¬μ— μžˆλŠ” 제 μ•„νŒŒνŠΈλ₯Ό μ†Œκ°œν•˜κ³  μ‹Άμ€λ°μš”.
12:33
where I have tiny but very smart boxes attached to my electric heaters,
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저희 μ§‘μ—λŠ” 크기가 μž‘μ§€λ§Œ
μ „λ ₯을 효율적으둜 κ΄€λ¦¬ν•˜λŠ” μž₯μΉ˜κ°€
μ „κΈ° λ‚œλ°©κΈ°κ΅¬μ— μ„€μΉ˜λ˜μ–΄ μžˆλŠ”λ°
12:39
which can automatically turn them on and off,
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μžλ™μœΌλ‘œ 전원을 κ΄€λ¦¬ν•˜κ³ 
12:42
maintaining comfortable temperatures,
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μ μ ˆν•œ μ˜¨λ„λ₯Ό μœ μ§€ν•˜λ©°
12:45
lowering my energy bills and providing flexibility to the grid.
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μ „κΈ° μš”κΈˆμ„ μ ˆμ•½ν•˜κ³ 
κ·Έλ¦¬λ“œμ˜ μœ μ—°ν•œ μš΄μ˜μ— 도움 λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:50
And I can control all that on my smartphone.
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제 슀마트폰으둜 μ „λΆ€ μ‘°μ ˆν•  수 있죠.
12:54
The technologies -- that we have.
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κΈ°μˆ μ€ κ°–μΆ°μ‘ŒμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:57
Now we need the policies, the investments, the will --
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이제 우리게 ν•„μš”ν•œ 것은 μ •μ±…κ³Ό 투자, μ˜μ§€κ°€ ν•„μš”ν•˜λ©°
13:03
and a new way to look at buildings not just passive users of energy,
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건물을 μ—λ„ˆμ§€ μ†ŒλΉ„μ›μ΄λΌκ³  λ‹¨μˆœν•˜κ²Œ μƒκ°ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šκ³ 
13:08
but as active players in the energy system.
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μ—λ„ˆμ§€ μ²΄κ³„μ˜ λŠ₯동적인 주체둜 봐야 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:12
Buildings that can consume and produce energy efficiently,
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κ±΄λ¬Όμ΄λž€ 효율적으둜 μ—λ„ˆμ§€λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” λ™μ‹œμ— 생산할 수 있고
13:17
interact with a smart grid and respond to its signals,
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슀마트 κ·Έλ¦¬λ“œμ™€ μƒν˜Έμž‘μš©ν•˜μ—¬ κ·Έλ¦¬λ“œμ˜ μ‹ ν˜Έμ— λŒ€μ‘ν•˜κ³ 
13:21
providing flexibility and bringing us closer to our climate targets.
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μœ μ—°μ„±μ„ μ œκ³΅ν•˜μ—¬ κΈ°ν›„λͺ©ν‘œμ— ν•œ 걸음 λ‹€κ°€κ°ˆ 수 μžˆλŠ” μˆ˜λ‹¨μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:26
Thank you.
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κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:27
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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