What if gentrification was about healing communities instead of displacing them? | Liz Ogbu

83,591 views ใƒป 2018-04-13

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์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Saechan Park ๊ฒ€ํ† : Jihyeon J. Kim
00:13
I grew up in a family of social scientists,
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์ €๋Š” ์‚ฌํšŒํ•™์ž ์ง‘์•ˆ์—์„œ ์ž๋ž์ง€๋งŒ
00:17
but I was the weird child who drew.
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๊ทธ๋ฆผ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์ข‹์•„ํ–ˆ๋˜ ์ด์ƒํ•œ ์•„์ด์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:20
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
00:21
From making sketches of the models in my mom's Sears catalog ...
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์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ์˜ ํŒจ์…˜์žก์ง€์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ๊ทธ๋ ธ๊ณ ,
00:27
to a bedroom so full of my craft projects
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์ œ ๋ฐฉ์€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งŒ๋“  ์ž‘ํ’ˆ๋“ค๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋“ํ•ด์„œ
00:29
that it was like my own personal art gallery,
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์ €๋งŒ์˜ ๊ฐค๋Ÿฌ๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ™์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:33
I lived to make.
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๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์ œ ์‚ถ์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
00:36
I don't think anyone in my family was surprised when I became an architect.
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๊ฐ€์กฑ๋“ค ์ค‘ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฑด์ถ•ํ•™์ž๊ฐ€ ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์— ๋†€๋ž€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์•„๋ฌด๋„ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:41
But to be honest with you,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์†”์งํžˆ ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด,
00:44
the real foundation of the architect I became
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์ €๋ฅผ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฑด์ถ•๊ฐ€๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ์ค€ ๊ฑด
00:46
was not laid in that bedroom art gallery
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์ œ ๋ฐฉ ์•ˆ์˜ ๊ฐค๋Ÿฌ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
00:49
but by the conversations around my family's dinner table.
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์‹๊ตฌ๋“ค๊ณผ์˜ ์ €๋… ์‹์‚ฌ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ๋‚˜๋ˆ„๋˜ ๋Œ€ํ™”๋“ค์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:53
There were stories of how people lived and connected to one another,
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์‚ด๊ณ  ์„œ๋กœ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์†Œํ†ตํ•˜๋Š”์ง€์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:57
from the impact of urban migration on a village in Zambia
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์ž ๋น„์•„์˜ ํ•œ ๋งˆ์„์˜ ์ด๋† ํ˜„์ƒ์ด ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜จ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ
01:01
to the complex health care needs
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์ƒŒํ”„๋ž€์‹œ์Šค์ฝ” ๊ธธ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์˜
01:03
of the homeless in the streets of San Francisco.
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๋…ธ์ˆ™์ž๋“ค์ด ํ•„์š”๋กœ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑด๊ฐ• ๋ณดํ—˜์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๊นŒ์ง€์š”.
01:06
Now, it would be fair
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ง€๊ธˆ,
01:07
if you're looking over at your seatmate
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์˜†์— ๊ณ„์‹  ์นœ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ฉฐ
01:09
and wondering, "What the hell does that have to do with architecture?"
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"๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๊ฑด์ถ•์ด๋ž‘ ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ƒ๊ด€์ด์•ผ?" ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹œ๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ๋‹น์—ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:13
Well, all of these stories involved space
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์‚ฌ์‹ค, ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ณต๊ฐ„๊ณผ
01:18
and how it did or didn't accommodate us.
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๊ทธ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์˜ ์ˆ˜์šฉ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ๋‹ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:23
The fact is,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
01:24
we share some of our deepest connections
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊นŠ์€ ์œ ๋Œ€ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋“ค์„
01:26
in physical space.
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๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์  ๊ณต๊ฐ„์—์„œ ๋งบ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์‚ด์•„๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:28
And our stories play out,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์‚ถ์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋“ค์€
01:29
even in this crazy age of texting and tweeting,
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์ง€๊ธˆ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฌธ์ž์™€ ํŠธ์œ„ํ„ฐ์˜ ์‹œ๋Œ€์—์„œ๋„
01:33
in physical space.
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๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์ ์ธ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์—์„œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:36
Unfortunately, architecture hasn't done a great job
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์Šฌํ”„๊ฒŒ๋„, ์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ฑด์ถ•์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋™๋“ฑํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋‹ด์•„๋‚ด๋Š” ์ผ์„
01:40
of telling all of our stories equally.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ ์ž˜ ํ•ด๋‚ด์ง€๋Š” ๋ชปํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:43
Too often, we see the building of monuments like the Gherkin
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๋ณดํ†ต, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ฃผ๋ณ€์—๋Š” ๊ฑฐํ‚จ ๋นŒ๋”ฉ์ด๋‚˜ ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„ ํƒ€์›Œ๊ฐ™์€
01:47
or even Trump Tower ...
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๊ธฐ๋…๋น„์ ์ธ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ๋“ค์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์ฃ .
01:48
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
01:50
that tell the story of the haves rather than the have-nots.
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๊ฐ€์ง€์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ ์ž๋“ค๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์ž๋“ค์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋“ค๋ ค์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฑด๋ฌผ๋“ค ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:55
Throughout my career,
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์ €๋Š” ๊ฑด์ถ•๊ฐ€๋กœ ์ผํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ,
01:57
I've actively resisted the practice
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ํŠน์ •ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
01:58
of building monuments to certain peoples' stories --
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'๊ธฐ๋…๋น„'๋“ค์„ ์ง“๋Š” ์ผ์„ ์ ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ง€์–‘ํ•ด ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:01
usually white, male, rich --
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๋ฐฑ์ธ์ด๊ณ , ๋‚จ์„ฑ์ด๋ฉฐ, ๋ˆ์ด ๋งŽ๊ณ 
02:05
and bulldozing other peoples' stories --
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค,
02:07
usually people of color
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ํŠนํžˆ ์ €์†Œ๋“ ์ง‘๋‹จ์˜ ์œ ์ƒ‰์ธ๋“ค์˜
02:09
from low-income communities.
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์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋Š” ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋ฐ€์–ด ๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
02:11
I've tried to create a practice
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์ €๋Š” ์—ฌํƒœ๊ป
02:13
that is rooted in elevating the stories
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ž์ฃผ ์นจ๋ฌตํ•ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ๋˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ
02:15
of those who have most often been silenced.
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์ˆ˜๋ฉด ์œ„๋กœ ๋Œ์–ด์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋ฟŒ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋‘” ๊ด€์Šต์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•ด์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:19
That work --
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ์ผ์€,
02:21
it's been a mission in spatial justice.
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๊ณต๊ฐ„์  ์ •์˜๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:24
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
02:30
Now, spatial justice means that we understand
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๊ณต๊ฐ„์  ์ •์˜๋ž€
02:32
that justice has a geography,
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์ •์˜์—๋Š” ์ง€๋ฆฌ์ ์ธ ๋ถ€๋ถ„๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ
02:36
and that the equitable distribution of resources, services and access
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์ž์›๊ณผ, ๋ณต์ง€์™€, ์ ‘๊ทผ ๊ถŒํ•œ์„ ๊ณตํ‰ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ถ„๋ฐฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด
02:42
is a basic human right.
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์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ๊ถŒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:45
So what does spatial justice look like?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ณต๊ฐ„์  ์ •์˜๋Š” ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
02:48
Well, I'd like to share a story with you.
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์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋“ค๋ ค๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:51
For years,
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์ˆ˜ ๋…„ ๊ฐ„
02:53
I've been working in the historically African-American neighborhood
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์ €๋Š” ์ƒŒํ”„๋ž€์‹œ์Šค์ฝ” ๋ฒ ์ด๋ทฐ ํ—Œํ„ฐ์Šค ํฌ์ธํŠธ์˜
02:56
of Bayview Hunters Point in San Francisco,
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์˜ˆ์ „๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด๊ณ„ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ๋“ค์ด ๊ฑฐ์ฃผํ•ด์™”๋˜ ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ ์ผํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:58
on a plot of land that once held a power plant.
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ํ•œ ๋•Œ ๋ฐœ์ „์†Œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋˜ ๊ตฌ์—ญ์ด์ฃ .
03:01
Back in the '90s,
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ 90๋…„๋Œ€์—
03:02
a community group led by mothers who lived in the public housing
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๊ณต์žฅ ์œ„์˜ ์–ธ๋•์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณต๊ณต์ฃผํƒ์— ์‚ด๋˜ ๊ฐ€์กฑ๋“ค์˜
03:05
on the hill above the plant
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์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ๋“ค์ด ์ฃผ๋„ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๋งˆ์„ ๋‹จ์ฒด๊ฐ€
03:07
fought for its closure.
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๊ณต์žฅ์˜ ํ์‡„๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‹ธ์› ๊ณ ,
03:09
They won.
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์ด๊ฒผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:10
The utility company finally tore it down,
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๊ณต๊ธฐ์—…์€ ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ๊ณต์žฅ์„ ์ฒ ๊ฑฐํ–ˆ๊ณ ,
03:13
cleaned the soil
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๋•…์„ ์ •ํ™”ํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
03:14
and capped most of the site with asphalt
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๋ถ€์ง€์˜ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์•„์ŠคํŒ”ํŠธ๋กœ ๋ฎ์–ด์„œ
03:16
so that the clean soil wouldn't blow away.
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๊นจ๋—ํ•œ ํ™์ด ๋‚ ์•„๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:19
Sounds like a success story, right?
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์„ฑ๊ณตํ•œ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™๋„ค์š”, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
03:22
Well, not so fast.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์•„์ง ๋์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:24
You see, because of various issues like land entitlements,
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ํ† ์ง€ ์†Œ์œ ๊ถŒ์ด๋‚˜, ์ž„๋Œ€์ฐจ ๊ณ„์•ฝ๊ฐ™์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค์ด
03:27
lease agreements, etc.,
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๋‚จ์•„ ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
03:29
the land actually couldn't be redeveloped for at least five to 10 years.
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๊ทธ ๋•…์€ 5-10๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์žฌ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:34
What that meant is that this community
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•ด์„œ
03:37
that had been living near a power plant for decades,
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๋ฐœ์ „์†Œ ์˜†์—์„œ ์ˆ˜์‹ญ ๋…„์„ ์‚ด์•„์˜จ ๋งˆ์„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
03:40
now had 30 acres of asphalt in their backyard.
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์ด์ œ ๋’ท๋งˆ๋‹น์— 12๋งŒ ํ‰๋ฐฉ๋ฏธํ„ฐ์˜ ์•„์ŠคํŒ”ํŠธ ๋•…์„ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:47
To put that in context for you,
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์ข€ ๋” ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ์ž๋ฉด,
03:49
30 acres is equal to about 30 football fields.
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12๋งŒ ํ‰๋ฐฉ๋ฏธํ„ฐ๋Š” ์ถ•๊ตฌ์žฅ 30๊ฐœ ํฌ๊ธฐ์™€ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:52
Now, the utility company didn't want to be the bad guy here.
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ํ•œํŽธ ๊ทธ ๊ณต๊ธฐ์—…์€ ์ด๊ณณ์—์„œ ์•…์—ญ์„ ๋งก๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:56
Recognizing that they owed the community,
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์ด ๋งˆ์„์— ์ž๊ธฐ๋“ค๋„ ์ฑ…์ž„์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๋Š๋ผ๊ณ 
03:58
they actually put out a call for designers
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๋””์ž์ด๋„ˆ๋“ค๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ถ€์ง€์˜ ์ž„์‹œ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ
04:00
to propose temporary uses for this site,
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์ œ์•ˆ์„ ๊ณต๋ชจ๋ฐ›๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ
04:02
hoping to turn it into a community benefit
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๋งˆ์„์„ ๋ง์น˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ 
04:05
rather than blight.
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์ด๋“์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ๋‹ค์ฃผ๋ ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:07
I'm part of the diverse team of designers that responded to that call,
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๊ทธ ์š”์ฒญ์— ์‘ํ•œ ๋””์ž์ด๋„ˆ ํŒ€์˜ ์ผ์›์œผ๋กœ
04:11
and for the last four years,
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์ง€๋‚œ 4๋…„๊ฐ„
04:12
we've been collaborating with those mothers
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์ €ํฌ ํŒ€์€ ๊ทธ ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ๋“ค๊ณผ
04:14
and other residents,
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ฃผ๋ฏผ๋“ค,
04:15
as well as local organizations and the utility company.
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์ง€์—ญ๋‹จ์ฒด์™€ ๊ณต๊ธฐ์—…๊ณผ ํ˜‘์—…ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:19
We've been experimenting with all types of events
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๊ณต๊ฐ„์  ์ •์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
04:22
to try and address issues of spatial justice.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋“ค์„ ์‹œ๋„ํ•ด๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:24
Everything from job training workshops
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์ง์—… ํ›ˆ๋ จ ์›Œํฌ์ƒต๋ถ€ํ„ฐ
04:27
to an annual circus
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๋งค๋…„ ์—ด๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์„œ์ปค์Šค์™€
04:29
to even a beautiful, new shoreline trail.
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์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šด ์ƒˆ ํ•ด์•ˆ ์‚ฐ์ฑ…๋กœ๊นŒ์ง€์š”.
04:32
In the four years that we've been operational,
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์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ ์ž‘์—…ํ•œ 4๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ
04:35
over 12,000 people have come and done something on this site
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12,000๋ช…์ด ๋„˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ด ๋ถ€์ง€์— ์™€์„œ
04:38
that we hope has transformed their relationship to it.
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๋ถ€์ง€์™€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„์— ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ์ผ๋“ค์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:44
But lately,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ตœ๊ทผ์— ์ €๋Š”
04:45
I'm starting to realize that events are not enough.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค๋กœ๋Š” ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๊นจ๋‹ซ๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:50
A few months ago,
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๋ช‡ ๋‹ฌ ์ „์—๋Š”
04:51
there was a community meeting in this neighborhood.
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๋งˆ์„์— ์ฃผ๋ฏผ ํšŒ์˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:54
The utility company was finally ready to talk concretely
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๊ณต๊ธฐ์—…์ด ๋“œ๋””์–ด ์žฅ๊ธฐ์ ์ธ ์žฌ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด
04:57
about long-term redevelopment.
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๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ๋…ผ์˜๋ฅผ ํ•  ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
05:00
That meeting was kind of a disaster.
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ํšŒ์˜๋Š” ์ฒ˜์ฐธํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:04
There was a lot of yelling and anger.
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์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ๊ณ ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๋ถ„๋…ธ๊ฐ€ ์˜ค๊ฐ”๊ณ 
05:06
People asked things like,
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:08
"If you're going to sell it to a developer,
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"๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์—…์žํ•œํ…Œ ๋•…์„ ํŒ”๋ฉด
05:10
wouldn't they just build luxury condos like everyone else?"
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋“ค์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ๋ฆฌ์กฐํŠธ๋‚˜ ์ง“์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒ ์–ด์š”?"
05:13
And "Where has the city been?"
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"์—ฌํƒœ๊ป ์‹œ์—์„  ๋ญ˜ ํ–ˆ์ฃ ?"
05:14
"Why aren't there more jobs and resources in this neighborhood?"
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"์ด ๋งˆ์„์— ์™œ ์ผ์ž๋ฆฌ๋ž‘ ์ž์›์ด ๋ถ€์กฑํ•œ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?"
05:19
It was not that our events had failed to bring joy.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ €ํฌ ํ–‰์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์›€์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ๋‹ค์ฃผ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ด์„œ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:23
But in spite of that, there was still pain here.
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์ƒ์ฒ˜๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๋‚จ์•„์žˆ์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
05:27
Pain from a history of environmental injustice
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์ด ๋งˆ์„์ด ์ƒ์—…์  ์šฉ๋„๋กœ ์“ฐ์ด๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ๋˜,
05:30
that left many industrial uses in this neighborhood,
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ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์  ๋ถ€๋‹นํ•จ์—์„œ ๋น„๋กฏ๋œ ์ƒ์ฒ˜ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:34
leaving residents living near toxic waste
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๋ถ€๋‹นํ•œ ์ƒํ™ฉ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋งˆ์„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
05:36
and, literally, shit.
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๋ง ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ์“ฐ๋ ˆ๊ธฐ ๊ณ์—์„œ ์‚ด์•„์•ผ ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
05:39
There's pain from the fact
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์ด ์ง€์—ญ์€ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ
05:40
that this zip code still has one of the lowest per capita income,
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋‚ฎ์€ 1์ธ๋‹น์†Œ๋“,
05:45
highest unemployment
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋†’์€ ์‹ค์—…๋ฅ ,
05:46
and highest incarceration rates
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋†’์€ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ๋ฅ ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์•„ํ””์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:48
in a city which tech giants like Twitter, Airbnb and Uber call home.
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ํŠธ์œ„ํ„ฐ, ์—์–ด๋น„์—”๋น„, ์šฐ๋ฒ„์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๊ธฐ์—…๋“ค์˜ ๋ณธ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋„์‹œ์—์„œ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
05:53
And those tech companies --
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ธฐ์ˆ  ๊ธฐ์—…๋“ค์€
05:55
hm --
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์Œ
05:56
they've actually helped to trigger a gentrification push
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์  ํŠธ๋ฆฌํ”ผ์ผ€์ด์…˜์„ ๋ถ€์ถ”๊ธฐ๋Š” ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•ด์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:59
that is rapidly redefining this neighborhood,
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ์ด ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ๋ณธ์งˆ๊ณผ ์ธ๊ตฌ ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ
06:01
both in terms of identity and population.
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๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์žฌ์ •์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:05
Now let me pause for a moment to talk about gentrification.
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์  ํŠธ๋ฆฌํ”ผ์ผ€์ด์…˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ž ๊น ์–˜๊ธฐํ•ด๋ณด์ฃ .
06:10
I suspect for a lot of us, it's kind of like a dirty word.
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๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:15
It's become synonymous with the displacement
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๊ฐ€๋‚œํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ข€ ๋” ๋ถ€์œ ํ•œ ์ด์ฃผ์ž๋“ค์— ์˜ํ•ด
06:17
of poor residents from their neighborhood
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ ์ซ“๊ฒจ๋‚œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ
06:19
by wealthier newcomers.
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๊ฐ™์€ ์˜๋ฏธ๋กœ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์—ฌ์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:21
If you've ever been displaced,
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ซ“๊ฒจ๋‚œ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
06:23
then you know the agony of losing a place that held your story.
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๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ถ”์–ต์„ ๋‹ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณณ์„ ์žƒ๋Š” ๊ณ ํ†ต์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:28
And if you haven't experienced this,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ , ๊ทธ๊ฑธ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ–ˆ๋˜ ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
06:30
then I'm going to ask you to try and imagine your way into it right now.
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์ง€๊ธˆ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ ์ผ์„ ๋– ์˜ฌ๋ ค๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
06:35
Think about what it would be like to find your favorite local spot,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณณ์„ ์ฐพ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์ผ์ง€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
06:38
a place where you often went and hung out with the old-timers or your friends,
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๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์„ ๋ฐฐ๋‚˜ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค๊ณผ ์ž์ฃผ ๊ฐ€์„œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋ณด๋‚ด๋˜ ๊ณณ์ด
06:43
had vanished.
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์‚ฌ๋ผ์ ธ๋ฒ„๋ฆฐ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:45
And then you get home,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ , ์ง‘์— ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€์„œ
06:46
and you find a letter from your landlord,
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๋ฐ›์•„๋ณธ ์ง‘์ฃผ์ธ์ด ๋ณด๋‚ธ ์„œ๋ฅ˜์—
06:48
saying that your rent's been doubled.
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์ž„๋Œ€๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋‘๋ฐฐ๋กœ ์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋‚ด์šฉ์ด ์žˆ๋Š”๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
06:51
The choice to stay --
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๋– ๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒ ๋‹ค๋Š” ์„ ํƒ์€
06:54
it's not yours to make.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:56
You no longer belong in your home.
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์ง‘์€ ๋”์ด์ƒ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:00
And know that this feeling you're feeling right now,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋Š๋ผ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด ๊ฐ์ •์„ ์•Œ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:04
it would be the same
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์ง‘์ฃผ์ธ์ด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์—๊ฒŒ ์•…์˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ฑด ์—†๊ฑด
07:06
regardless of whether or not the person who harmed you meant to do so.
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๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์ผ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:12
Developer Majora Carter once said to me,
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๋ถ€๋™์‚ฐ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์—…์ž ๋งˆ์กฐ๋ผ ์นดํ„ฐ๋Š” ์ €์—๊ฒŒ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ง์„ ํ•œ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์ฃ .
07:15
"Poor people don't hate gentrification.
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"๊ฐ€๋‚œํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์  ํŠธ๋ฆฌํ”ผ์ผ€์ด์…˜์„ ์‹ซ์–ดํ•œ๋‹ค.
07:17
They just hate that they rarely get to hang around long enough
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ ๊ฒƒ์˜ ํ˜œํƒ์„ ์ฆ๊ธธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๋งŒํผ ์˜ค๋ž˜ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์‹ซ์„ ๋ฟ์ด๋‹ค."
07:20
to enjoy its benefits."
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07:23
Why is it that we treat culture erasure and economic displacement as inevitable?
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์™œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฌธํ™”๋ง์‚ด๊ณผ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์ ํ‡ด๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ํ”ผํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ฑธ๊นŒ์š”?
07:30
We could approach development
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ถ€๋‹นํ•จ์„ ์ธ์ •ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ
07:32
with an acknowledgment of past injustices --
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๋ฐœ์ „์— ์ ‘๊ทผํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ,
07:35
find value not only in those new stories
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๊ทธ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์Šคํ† ๋ฆฌ ๋ฟ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์˜ค๋ž˜๋œ ์Šคํ† ๋ฆฌ์—์„œ๋„
07:37
but the old ones, too.
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๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:39
And make a commitment to build people's capacity to stay --
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ , ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ํ‚ค์šฐ๋„๋ก ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:43
to stay in their homes,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์ง‘์— ๋จธ๋ฌด๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ ,
07:45
to stay in their communities,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์ง€์—ญ์‚ฌํšŒ์— ๋จธ๋ฌด๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ ,
07:47
to stay where they feel whole.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ณณ์— ๋จธ๋ฌด๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„..
07:52
But to do this rethink,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด๋ฉด,
07:54
it requires looking at those past injustices
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๊ทธ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์„œ๋กœ ์–ฝํ˜€์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ถ€๋‹นํ•จ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜
07:57
and the pain and grief that is interwoven into them.
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๊ณ ํ†ต๊ณผ ์Šฌํ””์„ ๋ณผ ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:00
And as I started to reflect on my own work,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ œ ์ผ์„ ๋˜๋Œ์•„๋ณด๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ
08:03
I realized that pain and grief have been recurring themes.
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๊ณ ํ†ต๊ณผ ์Šฌํ””์ด ๋ฐ˜๋ณต๋˜๋Š” ์ฃผ์ œ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊นจ๋‹ฌ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:07
I heard it early on in the Bayview Hunters Point project
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๋ฒ ์ด๋ทฐ ํ—Œํ„ฐ์Šค ํฌ์ธํŠธ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ ์ดˆ๊ธฐ์—
08:09
when a man named Daryl said,
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๋ฐ๋ฆด์ด๋ž€ ๋‚จ์ž๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฑธ ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:11
"We've always been set aside like an island --
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"์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋ฌด์ธ๋„์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
08:14
a no-man's-land."
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๋ฒ„๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค."
08:16
I also heard it in Houston,
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๊ทธ๊ฑธ ํœด์Šคํ„ด์—์„œ๋„ ๋“ค์—ˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
08:18
when I was working on a project with day laborers.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ผ์šฉ์ง ๋…ธ๋™์ž๋“ค๊ณผ์˜ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:20
And as Juan told me stories of being robbed of his wages many times
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ›„์•ˆ์ด ๊ฐ€์กฑ๋“ค์˜ ์ƒ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ฒŒ์—ˆ๋˜ ๋ˆ์„
08:23
on the corner in which he stood every day
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๋งค์ผ ์„œ์žˆ๋˜ ๊ธธ๋ชจํ‰์ด์—์„œ ?????
08:26
to earn a living to support his family,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋ฒˆ ๋นผ์•—๊ฒผ๋˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ,
08:29
he asked,
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:30
"Why can't anyone see the sacredness of this site?"
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"์™œ ์•„๋ฌด๋„ ์ด ๊ณณ์ด ์‹ ์„ฑํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฑด๊ฐ€์š”?"
08:34
You know, you've seen the pain, too.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋„ ๊ทธ ๊ณ ํ†ต์„ ์•Œ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:38
From campaigns around statue removals in Charlottesville and New Orleans ...
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์ƒค๋กœ์ธ ๋นŒ๊ณผ ๋‰ด์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ์–ธ์ฆˆ์—์„œ์˜ ๋™์ƒ์ฒ ๊ฑฐ ์บ ํŽ˜์ธ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ
08:43
to towns that have lost their industrial lifeblood
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์‚ฐ์—…์˜ ํ™œ๋ ฅ์„ ์žƒ๊ณ 
08:46
and are now dying,
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ํ˜„์žฌ ์ฃฝ์–ด ๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”
08:47
like Lorain, Ohio and Bolton, England.
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์˜คํ•˜์ด์˜ค ๋กœ๋ ˆ์ธ, ์ž‰๊ธ€๋žœ๋“œ ๋ณผํ„ด๊ฐ™์€ ๋„์‹œ๋“ค๊นŒ์ง€
08:51
We often rush to remake these places,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์„œ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์žฅ์†Œ๋“ค์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:54
thinking that we can ease their pain.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๊ณ ํ†ต์„ ๋œ์–ด์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
08:58
But in our boundless desire to do good,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์„ ์„ ํ–‰ํ•˜๋ ค๋Š”,
09:01
to get past all of our mistakes,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์žŠ์œผ๋ ค๋Š”,
09:02
to build places that hold possibility,
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๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ์žˆ๋Š” ์žฅ์†Œ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ ์žํ•˜๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ฌดํ•œํ•œ ์š•๋ง ์†์—์„œ
09:06
we often maintain a blissful ignorance
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ข…์ข…
09:10
of a landscape filled with a very long trail of broken promises
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๊นจ์–ด์ง„ ์•ฝ์†์˜ ๊ธฐ๋‚˜๊ธด ํ”์ ๊ณผ
09:15
and squelched dreams.
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์ ‘์–ด๋‘” ๊ฟˆ๋“ค๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋“์ฐฌ ํ’๊ฒฝ์„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๋Š” ์ฒ™ ์ง€๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:18
We are building on top of brokenness.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํŒŒ๊ดด์˜ ์œ„์— ์ง“๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:22
Is it any wonder that the foundations cannot hold?
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๊ทธ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ๊ฐ€ ํŠผํŠผํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ํ‹€๋ฆฐ๋ง์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
09:27
Holding space for pain and grief was never part of my job description
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๊ณ ํ†ต๊ณผ ์Šฌํ””์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•  ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ํ™•๋ณดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
09:30
as an architect --
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๊ฑด์ถ•๊ฐ€๋กœ์„œ ๊ฒฐ์ฝ” ์ €์˜ ์ง๋ฌด๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:32
after all, it's not expedient,
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ, ๊ทธ๊ฑด ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…๋„ ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ณ ,
09:34
focused on beauty,
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์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์›€์„ ์ถ”๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉฐ
09:35
and hell, even requested by my clients.
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์ œ ๊ณ ๊ฐ๋“ค์ด ์š”์ฒญํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:40
But I've seen what happens when there's space for pain.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ €๋Š” ๊ณ ํ†ต์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์žฅ์†Œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์–ด๋– ํ•œ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:43
It can be transformational.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ˜์‹ ์ ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:46
Returning to our story,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์–˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€์„œ,
09:48
when we first started working in the neighborhood,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ฒ˜์Œ ์ธ๊ทผ์—์„œ ์ผํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ,
09:51
one of the first things we did
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ฒ˜์Œ์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ ์ผ์€
09:52
was go out and interview the activists who had led the fight to close the plant.
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๊ณต์žฅ ํ์‡„ ํˆฌ์Ÿ์„ ์ด๋Œ์—ˆ๋˜ ํ™œ๋™๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ธํ„ฐ๋ทฐํ•˜๋Ÿฌ ๋ฐ–์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๊ฐ”๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:57
We consistently heard and felt from them a sense of impending loss.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ์„œ ๊ณง ๋‹ฅ์น  ์ƒ์‹ค๊ฐ์„ ์ผ๊ด€๋˜๊ฒŒ ๋“ฃ๊ณ  ๋Š๊ผˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:01
The neighborhood was already changing,
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๊ทธ ์ธ๊ทผ์€ ์ด๋ฏธ ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ ,
10:03
even back then.
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๋‹น์‹œ๋งŒํ•ด๋„
10:04
People were leaving or dying of old age,
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋– ๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, ๋‚˜์ด๊ฐ€ ๋“ค์–ด ์ฃฝ์–ด๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:06
and with those departures, stories were being lost.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ , ๊ทธ ์‹œ์ž‘๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์Šคํ† ๋ฆฌ๋“ค์€ ์‚ฌ๋ผ์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:10
To those activists,
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๊ทธ ํ–‰๋™๊ฐ€๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ
10:12
no one was going to know the amazing things
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์–ด๋Š ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋„ ์ด ์ง€์—ญ์‚ฌํšŒ์—์„œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ
10:14
that had happened in this community,
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๊ทธ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ์ผ๋“ค์„ ์•Œ๋ฆฌ๋ คํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:16
because to everyone on the outside,
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์™ธ๋ถ€์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ
10:19
it was the ghetto.
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ๋นˆ๋ฏผ๊ฐ€์˜€๊ธฐ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
10:21
At worst, a place of violence;
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์ตœ์•…์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ํญ๋ ฅ์˜ ์†Œ๊ตด
10:22
at best, a blank slate.
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์ž˜ ๋ด์ฃผ์–ด๋„, ๋ฐฑ์ง€์žฅ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ณณ.
10:26
Neither was true, of course.
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๋ฌผ๋ก , ์–ด๋Š ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
10:29
So my colleagues and I, we reached out to StoryCorps.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ, ๋‚ด ๋™๋ฃŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์Šคํ† ๋ฆฌ์ฝ”ํ”„(StoryCorps)์— ๊ฐ”์ฃ .
10:33
And with their support,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ , ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๋„์›€๊ณผ
10:34
and that of the utility company,
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๊ณต๊ธฐ์—…์˜ ๋„์›€์œผ๋กœ
10:36
we built a listening booth on our site.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ํ˜„์žฅ์— ์‹œ์ฒญ๊ฐ์‹ค์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:38
And we invited the residents to come
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๊ทธ ๊ณณ์œผ๋กœ ์ฃผ๋ฏผ๋“ค์„ ์ดˆ๋Œ€ํ–ˆ๊ณ ,
10:40
and have their stories recorded for posterity.
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ํ›„์„ธ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋กํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
10:43
After a few days of recording,
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๋ฉฐ์น  ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ก์„ ๋งˆ์นœ ํ›„์—
10:46
we held a listening party
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์ฒญ์ทจํŒŒํ‹ฐ๋ฅผ ์—ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:48
where we played clips,
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๊ทธ ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ก๋“ค์„ ๋“ค์–ด๋ดค์ฃ .
10:49
much like what you hear on NPR every Friday morning.
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ๋งˆ์น˜ ๋งค์ฃผ ๊ธˆ์š”์ผ ์•„์นจ์— NPR์—์„œ ๋“ฃ๋Š” ๋‚ด์šฉ๊ฐ™์•˜์ฃ .
10:53
That party --
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๊ทธ ํŒŒํ‹ฐ๋Š”
10:55
it was one of the most amazing community meetings
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์ง€๊ธˆ๊ป ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ฐธ์„ํ–ˆ๋˜ ์ง€์—ญ์‚ฌํšŒ ํšŒํ•ฉ๋“ค ๊ฐ€์šด๋ฐ
10:57
I've ever been a part of.
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์†๊ผฝํžˆ๊ฒŒ ๋†€๋ผ์› ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:59
In part because we didn't just talk about joy
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๋‹จ์ง€, ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์›€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ ๋ฟ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
11:03
but also pain.
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๊ณ ํ†ต์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋„ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ์š”.
11:05
Two stories that I remember well --
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์ง€๊ธˆ ๊ธฐ์–ต๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๋ณด์ž๋ฉด
11:07
AJ talked about what it was like to grow up in the neighborhood.
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AJ๋Š” ๊ทธ ๋™๋„ค์—์„œ ์ž๋ž€๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์–˜๊ธฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:10
There was always a kid to play with.
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๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์—” ํ•ญ์ƒ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋†€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์•„์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
11:13
But he also spoke with sadness
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ 11์‚ด ๋•Œ ์ฒ˜์Œ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ๊ด€์—๊ฒŒ
11:14
of what it was like to first be stopped and questioned by a police officer
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์ œ์ง€๋‹นํ•˜๊ณ  ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์ŠฌํŽ๋Š”์ง€ ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:18
when he was 11.
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11:21
GL also talked about the kids,
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GL๋„ ๊ทธ ์•„์ด๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์–˜๊ธฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:23
and the ups and downs of the experience of living in this neighborhood,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ๋™๋„ค์— ์‚ด๋ฉด์„œ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๋ถ€์นจ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ด์คฌ์ฃ .
11:27
but he also spoke with pride
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ
11:29
of some of the organizations that had sprung up
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์ง€์›๊ณผ ๊ถŒํ•œ ๋ถ€์—ฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฒจ๋‚œ ๋ช‡๋ช‡ ๋‹จ์ฒด๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด
11:31
to provide support and empowerment.
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์ž๋ถ€์‹ฌ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:34
He wanted to see more of that.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฑธ ๋” ๋ณด๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
11:37
By holding space to first express pain and grief,
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์ฒ˜์Œ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ ํ†ต๊ณผ ์Šฌํ””์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•  ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ํ™•๋ณดํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ
11:40
we were then able to brainstorm ideas for a site --
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ถ€์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์Œ๊ป ์–˜๊ธฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:43
amazing ideas that then became the seeds of what we did over the next four years.
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๋‹ค์Œ 4 ๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•œ ์ผ์˜ ๋‹จ์ดˆ๊ฐ€ ๋œ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋“ค์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
11:49
So why the radically different meeting now?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์™œ ๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํšŒํ•ฉ์ด์—ˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
11:52
Well ...
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๊ทธ๊ฑด..
11:53
the pain and grief woven into these spaces was not created in a day.
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์ด ๊ณต๊ฐ„์— ์–ฝํžŒ ๊ณ ํ†ต๊ณผ ์Šฌํ””์€ ํ•˜๋ฃจ ์•„์นจ์— ์ƒ๊ฒจ๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
11:58
Healing also takes time.
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์น˜์œ ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ๋„ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:02
After all, who here thinks you can go to therapy just once and be cured?
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๋‹จ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ์˜ ์น˜๋ฃŒ๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ ์น˜์œ  ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹œ๋Š” ๋ถ„ ์žˆ์œผ์‹ ๊ฐ€์š”?
12:06
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
12:08
Anyone?
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๋ˆ„๊ตฌ ์žˆ์œผ์‹ ๊ฐ€์š”?
12:10
I didn't think so.
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์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:12
In retrospect,
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๋Œ์ด์ผœ๋ณด๋ฉด,
12:13
I wish that we had held more listening sessions,
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์ €๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์ฒญ์ทจํšŒ๋ฅผ ์—ด์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉด ์ข‹๊ฒ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:16
not just joyful events.
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๋‹จ์ง€ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์šด ์ด๋ฒคํŠธ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
12:19
My work's taken me all over the world,
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์ €๋Š” ์ผ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ „์„ธ๊ณ„ ๊ณณ๊ณณ์„ ๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
12:22
and I have yet to set foot in a place where pain didn't exist
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๊ณ ํ†ต์ด ์—†๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, ์น˜์œ ์˜ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ์—†๋Š” ๊ณณ์€
12:27
and the potential for healing was absent.
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๊ฐ€๋ณด์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:30
So while I've spent my career honing my skills as an architect,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ฑด์ถ•๊ฐ€๋กœ์„œ์˜ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ์—ฐ๋งˆํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฒฝ๋ ฅ์„ ์Œ“์œผ๋ฉฐ,
12:33
I realize that I'm now also a healer.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์น˜์œ ์ž์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:37
I suppose this is the point in the talk where I should be telling you
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค๊ป˜ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๋ ค๋Š” ์š”์ ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:41
those five steps to healing,
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์น˜์œ ์˜ ๋‹ค์„ฏ ๋‹จ๊ณ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:42
but I don't have the solution --
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์•„์ง์€
12:44
yet.
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ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:45
Just a path.
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๊ธธ๋งŒ ์žˆ์„ ๋ฟ์ด์ฃ .
12:47
That being said,
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๋งํ•˜์ž๋ฉด,
12:48
there are a few things I have learned along the way.
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๊ทธ ๊ธธ์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐฐ์šด ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:51
First --
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์ฒซ์งธ
12:53
we cannot create cities for everyone
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋„์‹œ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:56
unless we're first willing to listen to everyone.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด์•ผํ•˜๊ฒ ์ฃ .
12:59
Not just about what they hope to see built in the future
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๋ฏธ๋ž˜์— ๋ฌด์—‡์ด ์ง€์–ด์กŒ์œผ๋ฉด ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
13:02
but also about what has been lost or unfulfilled.
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์žƒ์–ด๋ฒ„๋ ธ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์‹คํ˜„๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋„.
13:06
Second --
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๋‘˜์งธ
13:08
healing is not just for "those people."
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์น˜์œ ๊ฐ€ "๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค"๋ฟ๋งŒ์„ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ,
13:11
For those of us with privilege,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ํŠน๊ถŒ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:14
we have to have a reckoning with our own guilt,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ฃ„์ฑ…๊ฐ, ๋ถˆํŽธํ•จ, ๊ณต๋ชจ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ
13:17
discomfort and complicity.
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๊ฐ’์„ ์น˜๋ค„์•ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:21
As non-profit leader Anne Marks once observed,
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๋น„์˜๋ฆฌ๋‹จ์ฒด์žฅ์ธ ์•ค ๋งˆํฌ๋Š”
13:24
"Hurt people hurt people;
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"์ƒ์ฒ˜๋ฐ›์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ƒ์ฒ˜๋ฅผ ์ฃผ๋ฉฐ,
13:26
healed people heal people."
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์น˜์œ ๋ฐ›์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ์น˜์œ ํ•œ๋‹ค."๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:30
And third --
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์…‹์งธ
13:32
healing is not about the erasure of pain.
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์น˜์œ ๋Š” ๊ณ ํ†ต์„ ์—†์• ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:35
We often have a tendency to want to put a clean slate over our pain,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ข…์ข… ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ณ ํ†ต์„ ๋ฐฑ์ง€๋กœ ๋ฎ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ด ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:39
much like that asphalt on the soil in Bayview Hunters Point.
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๋ฒ ์ด๋ทฐ ํ—Œํ„ฐ์Šค ํฌ์ธํŠธ์˜ ๋•… ์œ„์˜ ์•„์ŠคํŒ”ํŠธ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
13:42
But it doesn't work that way.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์‹์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์•ˆ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:44
Healing is about acknowledging pain
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์น˜์œ ๋ž€ ๊ณ ํ†ต์„ ์•Œ์•„๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฉฐ
13:47
and making peace with it.
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๊ทธ ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ‰ํ™”๋กœ์›Œ์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:50
One of my favorite quotes says that healing renews our faith
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ž์ฃผ ์“ฐ๋Š” ์ธ์šฉ๋ฌธ ์ค‘์—๋Š” "์น˜์œ ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ
13:54
in the process of becoming.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ฏฟ์Œ์„ ์ƒˆ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ํ•œ๋‹ค"๋Š” ๋ง์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:57
I stand here before you as an architect-healer
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์ €๋Š” ๊ฑด์ถ•๊ฐ€-์น˜์œ ์‚ฌ๋กœ์„œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ์•ž์— ์„œ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:00
because I'm ready to see what I can become,
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€
14:03
what my community and those that I work with can become,
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์ง€์—ญ์‚ฌํšŒ ๋ฐ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ผํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€,
14:05
and what this country,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ๋‚˜๋ผ๊ฐ€
14:06
and frankly, this world can become.
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๋˜ํ•œ ์ด ์„ธ์ƒ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ณผ ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋˜์–ด์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:09
And I was not meant to take that journey alone.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ์—ฌ์ •์„ ํ˜ผ์ž์„œ ํ•˜์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:13
I believe that many of you are unhappy with the way that things are now.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ๋Œ€๋‹ค์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์ง€๊ธˆ์˜ ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ๋ถˆ๋งŒ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:19
Believe that it can be different.
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๋‹ฌ๋ผ์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:22
I believe that you all are far more resilient than you think.
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์ €๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ƒ๊ฐ๋ณด๋‹ค ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ํšŒ๋ณต๋ ฅ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:28
But the first step requires courage.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ฒซ ๊ฑธ์Œ์—๋Š” ์šฉ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์ฃ .
14:32
The courage to see each other's pain,
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์„œ๋กœ์˜ ๊ณ ํ†ต์„ ๋Œ์•„๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ ,
14:35
and to be willing to stay in the presence of it,
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๊ทธ ์†์—์„œ ๊ธฐ๊บผ์ด ๋จธ๋ฌด๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์šฉ๊ธฐ
14:38
even when it gets uncomfortable.
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์„ค์‚ฌ ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋ถˆํŽธํ•œ ์ผ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋”๋ผ๋„.
14:41
Just imagine the change that we can make together
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ตœ์„ ์„ ๋‹คํ•  ๋•Œ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
14:46
if we all committed to that.
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๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์ƒ์ƒํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
14:49
Thank you.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
14:50
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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