What Will Future Astronauts Eat? | Phnam Bagley | TED

27,048 views ・ 2023-03-14

TED


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

λ²ˆμ—­: Hyeryung Kim κ²€ν† : DK Kim
00:04
When we think of space, we may think of the night sky,
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우주λ₯Ό 생각할 λ•Œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λ°€ν•˜λŠ˜μ„ λ– μ˜¬λ¦½λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:07
space suits, science fiction, space stations.
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우주볡, κ³Όν•™ μ˜ν™”, 우주 μ •κ±°μž₯도 λ– μ˜¬λ¦¬μ£ .
00:12
With NASA's Artemis mission, we're going back to the Moon,
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λ―Έκ΅­ 항곡 우주ꡭ의 μ•„λ₯΄ν…Œλ―ΈμŠ€ μž„λ¬΄μ™€ ν•¨κ»˜
00:15
for the first time in 50 years,
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 50λ…„ λ§Œμ— λ‹€μ‹œ λ‹¬λ‘œ 갈 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:17
and this time, with the first woman on the Moon.
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μ΄λ²ˆμ—” 사상 졜초둜 μ—¬μ„± μš°μ£ΌμΈλ„ λ‹¬λ‘œ κ°€μ£ .
00:19
Woo-hoo.
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μ•Όν˜Έ!
(ν™˜ν˜Έ)(λ°•μˆ˜)
00:21
(Cheers and applause)
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00:23
You may also have heard that we're planning to send humans
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곧 ν™”μ„±μœΌλ‘œ 인간을 보낼 κ²ƒμ΄λΌλŠ” μ†Œμ‹λ„ 많이 듀어보셨을 κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:26
to the surface of Mars,
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00:27
and the logistics and rocketry for this long and arduous mission
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이 κΈΈκ³  고된 μž„λ¬΄μ˜ μ‹€ν–‰ κ³„νšκ³Ό λ‘œμΌ“ 기술이 λ§ˆμΉ¨λ‚΄ μ™„μ„±λœλ‹€κ³  ν•˜μ£ .
00:31
are going to be figured out eventually,
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00:33
but shockingly, one of the big problems we don't have a solution for
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ λ†€λžκ²Œλ„ 아직 ν•΄κ²°λ˜μ§€ μ•Šμ€ 큰 λ¬Έμ œκ°€ ν•˜λ‚˜ μžˆλŠ”λ°
00:37
is something that most people don't think about,
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λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ 생각해 보지 μ•Šμ•˜λ˜ 문제죠.
00:39
and that is food.
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λ°”λ‘œ μ‹λŸ‰ λ¬Έμ œμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:41
What are we going to feed the astronauts going to Mars?
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ν™”μ„±μœΌλ‘œ κ°€λŠ” 우주 λΉ„ν–‰μ‚¬λ“€μ—κ²Œ μ–΄λ–€ μŒμ‹μ„ μ œκ³΅ν• κΉŒμš”?
μ•Œκ³ λ³΄λ‹ˆ 이 λ¬Έμ œλŠ” λ†€λΌμšΈ μ •λ„λ‘œ λ³΅μž‘ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:45
It turns out it's incredibly complicated.
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00:47
Before we go there,
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κ·Έ 전에 λ¨Όμ € μ œκ°€ μ™œ μ—¬κΈ°μ—μ„œ 이 μ–˜κΈ°λ₯Ό ν•˜λŠ”μ§€ λ§μ”€λ“œλ¦¬κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:49
I'd like to go over why I am here, talking to you about this.
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μ €λŠ” μ‚°μ—… λ””μžμ΄λ„ˆμ΄μž 항곡 우주 κΈ°νšκ°€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:52
I am an industrial designer and an aerospace architect.
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00:55
I run a design firm called Nonfiction,
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β€˜λ…Όν”½μ…˜β€™μ΄λΌλŠ” λ””μžμΈ νšŒμ‚¬λ₯Ό μš΄μ˜ν•˜λŠ”λ°
00:57
and what we do is that we take science fiction and we make it real.
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κ³Όν•™ μ†Œμ„€μ„ ν˜„μ‹€λ‘œ λ§Œλ“œλŠ” 일을 ν•˜μ£ .
01:01
It's a real job.
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μ§„μ§œ μ§μ—…μ΄μ—μš”.
01:02
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
01:04
Just to give you an idea of the type of work that we do,
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우리 일을 μ’€ 더 μ‰½κ²Œ μ΄ν•΄ν•˜μ‹œλ„λ‘ 사둀λ₯Ό λͺ‡ 가지 λ³΄μ—¬λ“œλ¦¬μ£ .
01:06
here are a few examples.
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01:08
We take technology and we make it a natural extension of the human body.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” κΈ°μˆ μ„ ν™•μž₯ν•΄μ„œ μžμ—°μŠ€λŸ¬μš΄ 신체 μΌλΆ€μ²˜λŸΌ λ§Œλ“­λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:13
We work with prominent neuroscientists
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μ €λͺ…ν•œ μ‹ κ²½κ³Όν•™μžλ“€κ³Ό ν˜‘λ ₯ν•˜μ—¬
μ°©μš©ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” κΈ°κΈ°λ₯Ό λ§Œλ“€μ–΄μ„œ λ°€μƒˆ μˆ™λ©΄ν•  수 μžˆλ„λ‘ ν•΄μ€λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:16
and design wearables that help people fall asleep
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01:19
and stay asleep all night.
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01:20
We design batteries, low-cost, for rural Africa.
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아프리카 μ‹œκ³¨ μ§€μ—­μ—μ„œ μ‚¬μš©ν•  μ €λΉ„μš© 배터리λ₯Ό μ„€κ³„ν•˜μ£ .
01:24
We build schools that support neurodiversity and lifelong learning.
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μ‹ κ²½ λ‹€μ–‘μ„±κ³Ό 평생 ν•™μŠ΅μ„ μ§€μ›ν•˜λŠ” 학ꡐλ₯Ό 짓기도 ν•˜μ£ .
01:29
We turn humans into superhumans.
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μΌλ°˜μΈμ„ 초인으둜 바꾸기도 ν•΄μš”.
01:32
So as you can see,
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λ³΄μ‹œλ‹€μ‹œν”Ό,
01:33
I love working on projects that make the world a better place
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μ €λŠ” λ””μžμΈμ„ 톡해 더 λ‚˜μ€ 세상을 λ§Œλ“œλŠ” 일을 μ‚¬λž‘ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:36
through design.
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01:37
But most importantly, I love food.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 무엇보닀도 μ €λŠ” μŒμ‹μ„ μ‚¬λž‘ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:41
I've been told that food is my love language.
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저보고 μŒμ‹μœΌλ‘œ μ‚¬λž‘μ„ ν‘œν˜„ν•œλ‹€κ³ λ“€ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:43
When I like someone, I feed them.
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μ’‹μ•„ν•˜λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒμ—κ²ŒλŠ” 먹을 것을 μ£Όμ£ .
μ‹«μ–΄ν•˜λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒμ—κ²ŒλŠ”...
01:47
When I don't like someone ...
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01:49
well, there's always pizza.
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늘 ν”Όμžλ₯Ό μ‹œμΌœμ£Όμ£ .
01:50
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
01:54
So when I found out about this space food competition
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ λ―Έκ΅­ 항곡 우주ꡭ과 μΊλ‚˜λ‹€ 우주ꡭ, 므두셀라 μž¬λ‹¨μ΄ μ£Όμ΅œν•œ
01:57
put together by NASA,
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01:59
the Canadian Space Agency and the Methuselah Foundation,
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우주 μ‹λŸ‰ κ²½μ—° λŒ€νšŒ μ†Œμ‹μ„ λ“€μ—ˆμ„ λ•Œ
κΌ­ μ°Έκ°€ν•΄μ•Όκ² λ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν–ˆμ£ .
02:02
I knew I had to be part of it.
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02:03
It's called the Deep Space Food Challenge.
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이 λŒ€νšŒ λͺ…칭은 β€œμ‹¬μš°μ£Ό μ‹λŸ‰ λŒ€νšŒβ€œμ˜€μ£ .
02:06
The premise of the challenge
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λŒ€νšŒμ˜ μ£Ό λͺ©μ μ€, μ‹¬μš°μ£Ό μž„λ¬΄λ‘œ ν™”μ„± 같은 곳에 κ°€λŠ” 우주 λΉ„ν–‰μ‚¬μ—κ²Œ
02:08
is to figure out what and how we're going to feed astronauts
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μ–΄λ–€ μŒμ‹μ„ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μ œκ³΅ν• μ§€ μ—°κ΅¬ν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:11
on their way to a deep-space mission, like going to Mars.
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02:14
So sending living and breathing humans to Mars or a deep-space mission
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μ‚΄μ•„ μˆ¨μ‰¬λŠ” 인간을 ν™”μ„±μ΄λ‚˜ μ‹¬μš°μ£Όλ‘œ λ³΄λ‚΄λŠ” 일은
02:18
is very tricky, as you can imagine.
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μ•„μ‹œλ‹€μ‹œν”Ό 맀우 κΉŒλ‹€λ‘­μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:20
Going to Mars is going to be extremely dangerous.
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화성에 κ°€λŠ” 것은 κ·Ήλ„λ‘œ μœ„ν—˜ν•  κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:24
The round trip is going to last two and a half to three years.
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왕볡 λΉ„ν–‰ μ‹œκ°„μ΄ 2λ…„ λ°˜μ—μ„œ 3λ…„μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:27
The whole time, we're going to be bombarded
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κ·Έ μ‹œκ°„ λ‚΄λ‚΄ 생λͺ…을 μœ„ν˜‘ν•˜λŠ” κ°•λ ₯ν•œ 우주 λ°©μ‚¬μ„ μ˜ 곡격을 λ°›κ³ 
02:29
with life-threatening levels of space radiation
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02:32
and we're going to float in microgravity
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λ―Έμ†Œ 쀑λ ₯μ—μ„œ λ–  λ‹€λ‹ˆκ±°λ‚˜
02:34
or stand on the surface of Mars, experiencing one-third of Earth's gravity.
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지ꡬ 쀑λ ₯의 3λΆ„μ˜ 1인 ν™”μ„± ν‘œλ©΄μ—μ„œ μƒν™œν•΄μ•Ό ν•˜μ£ .
02:39
So it's really uncomfortable to be up there.
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‹ˆ μž„λ¬΄λŠ” 정말 λΆˆνŽΈν•˜κ² μ£ .
02:42
And so all of these conditions, on top of isolation and stress,
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μ™Έλ‘œμ›€κ³Ό 슀트레슀 외에 이런 μ—΄μ•…ν•œ 쑰건듀 λ•Œλ¬Έμ—
02:46
are going to make it very hard for astronauts
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우주 비행사듀이 적정 μˆ˜μ€€μœΌλ‘œ 체쀑을 μœ μ§€ν•˜κ³ 
02:49
to keep their weight and their health at optimal levels.
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건강을 μ§€ν‚€λŠ” 일은 λͺΉμ‹œ μ–΄λ €μš΄ 일이 λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:52
And one of the main culprits of them losing their weight
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체쀑이 κ°μ†Œν•˜λŠ” 주된 μ΄μœ λŠ” 사싀 λ§›μ—†λŠ” μŒμ‹μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:57
is actually unappetizing food.
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02:59
So imagine having to eat things like these
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3λ…„ λ‚΄λ‚΄ 이런 μŒμ‹λ“€λ§Œ λ¨Ήμ–΄μ•Ό ν•œλ‹€κ³  상상해 λ³΄μ„Έμš”.
03:01
for three years straight, right? And looking at the same five people.
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
같은 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€ λ‹€μ„― λͺ…λ§Œ 봐야 ν•œλ‹€λ©΄ 정말 νž˜λ“€κ² μ£ ?
03:05
That's going to be really hard.
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
03:07
(Laughter)
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03:08
So what I'd like to go over is what astronauts eat
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그러면 ꡭ제 우주 μ •κ±°μž₯에 λ¨Έλ¬΄λŠ” μš°μ£ΌμΈλ“€μ€ ν˜„μž¬
03:13
aboard the International Space Station, for example, right now.
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μ–΄λ–€ μŒμ‹λ“€μ„ λ¨Ήκ³  μžˆλŠ”μ§€ μ‚΄νŽ΄ 보죠.
03:16
So essentially, they have access to ready-to-eat food,
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μš°μ£ΌμΈλ“€μ΄ λ¨ΉλŠ” μŒμ‹μ€ 기본적으둜 즉석 μ‹ν’ˆμ΄κ±°λ‚˜,
03:20
or food, or freeze-dried food that you see here,
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μ—¬κΈ° λ³΄μ‹œλŠ” 것과 같은 동결 건쑰 μ‹ν’ˆμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:23
that's rehydrated with water.
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물을 λΆ€μ–΄ 뢈렀 λ¨ΉλŠ” κ±°μ£ .
03:26
And so it's either goop in a bag,
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λˆμ κ±°λ¦¬λŠ” μƒνƒœλ‘œ 포μž₯된 κ±Έ λ°”λ‘œ λ¨Ήκ±°λ‚˜
03:29
or if you're feeling fancy,
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심심할 땐 우주 ν† λ₯΄ν‹°μ•Όμ— μ‹Έμ„œ 먹을 μˆ˜λ„ 있죠.
03:31
you can place that goop in a space tortilla.
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03:33
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
03:35
So tortilla is actually very popular in space,
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ν† λ₯΄ν‹°μ•ΌλŠ” 사싀 μš°μ£Όμ—μ„œ μ•„μ£Ό 인기 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:38
because it satisfies like bread,
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빡처럼 λ§›μžˆμ§€λ§Œ 가루가 λ–¨μ–΄μ Έμ„œ ν™˜κΈ° μž₯치λ₯Ό λ§‰λŠ” 일은 μ—†κ±°λ“ μš”.
03:40
but doesn't crumble and clog the air-filtration system.
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03:43
Now, the quality of that tortilla
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ν† λ₯΄ν‹°μ•Όμ˜ μ§ˆμ€
03:45
would make your Mexican grandmother roll over in her grave,
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λŒμ•„κ°€μ‹  ν• λ¨Έλ‹ˆλ„ λŒμ•„ λˆ„μšΈ μ§€κ²½μ΄μ§€λ§Œ μ—†λŠ” 것보단 λ‚«μ£ .
03:48
but it's better than nothing.
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
03:51
By the way, the water that rehydrated the freeze-dried food
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그런데 동결 건쑰 μ‹ν’ˆμ— λΆ€μ–΄ λ¨ΉλŠ” 물은 κ³„μ†ν•΄μ„œ μž¬μ‚¬μš©λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:54
is recycled again and again.
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03:56
We don't have the luxury to send all the water that we need.
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물을 ν•„μš”ν•œ 만큼 κ°€μ Έκ°ˆ μ—¬μœ κ°€ μ—†μœΌλ‹ˆκΉŒμš”.
03:59
There's no romantic way of saying it --
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이걸 ν‘œν˜„ν•  λ‚­λ§Œμ μΈ 말이 μƒκ°λ‚˜μ§€ μ•Šλ„€μš”.
04:02
it's filtered gray water and pee.
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이건 ν•œ 번 μ‚¬μš©ν•œ λ¬Όκ³Ό μ˜€μ€Œμ„ κ±°λ₯Έ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:05
Ew ...
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μš°μ›©...(μ›ƒμŒ)
04:09
Every once in a while,
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ꡭ제 우주 μ •κ±°μž₯의 μš°μ£ΌμΈλ“€μ€ 가끔씩
04:11
astronauts aboard the ISS have access to fresh produce
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보급 λ‘œμΌ“μ΄ κ°–κ³  μ˜€λŠ” μ‹ μ„ ν•œ μŒμ‹μ„ 먹을 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:15
and that comes from resupply rockets.
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04:18
This happens because the Earth is only 250 miles from the ... space station.
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이게 μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ κ°€λŠ₯ν•˜λƒλ©΄
μ§€κ΅¬λŠ” ꡭ제 우주 μ •κ±°μž₯μ—μ„œ 겨우 250λ§ˆμΌλ°–μ— μ•ˆ λ˜κ±°λ“ μš”.
04:24
And that's not going to be an option for people going to Mars,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 화성에 νŒŒκ²¬λ˜λŠ” λΉ„ν–‰μ‚¬λŠ” κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ ν•  수 μ—†μ£ .
04:27
because that's 300 million miles away, one way.
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ν™”μ„±κΉŒμ§€λŠ” νŽΈλ„ 거리만 3μ–΅ λ§ˆμΌμ΄λ‚˜ 되기 λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:31
They're not going to send, like, a small rocket with apples and oranges,
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μž‘μ€ λ‘œμΌ“ μ•ˆμ— 비행사λ₯Ό μœ„ν•œ 사과와 μ˜€λ Œμ§€λ§Œ μ‹€μ–΄ 보내긴 μ–΄λ ΅κ² μ£ .
04:35
just for you.
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04:36
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
04:38
So going to Mars is going to be very hard.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 화성에 κ°€λŠ” 일은 κ·Ήλ„λ‘œ νž˜λ“  일인 κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:41
It's like hardcore backpacking in the wild,
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마치 μ•ΌμƒμœΌλ‘œ κ·ΉκΈ° ν›ˆλ ¨ κ°€λŠ” 것과 λΉ„μŠ·ν•΄μš”.
04:44
except the wild is a cramped space
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λ‹€λ§Œ 야생은 비쒁고 μ–Έμ œλ“  죽을 수 μžˆλ‹€λŠ” 점이 λ‹€λ₯΄κ² μ£ .
04:46
surrounded by things that can kill you at any moment.
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04:48
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
04:50
So packing food for Mars
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화성에 κ°€μ Έκ°€λŠ” μ‹λŸ‰μ€
04:52
is going to require one ton per person per year.
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ν•œ μ‚¬λžŒλ‹Ή 1년에 1톀을 μ€€λΉ„ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:56
So if we have a crew of five, six astronauts,
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우주 비행사가 λŒ€μ—¬μ„― λͺ…이라면 λ¬΄κ²Œκ°€ μ—„μ²­λ‚˜κ² μ£ .
04:59
that’s a lot of weight.
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05:00
And if there’s one thing you need to learn about space
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μš°μ£Όμ— λŒ€ν•΄ ν•œ 가지λ₯Ό μ•Œμ•„μ•Ό ν•œλ‹€λ©΄ λ¬΄κ²ŒλŠ” λˆμ΄λΌλŠ” κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:02
is that weight is money.
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05:05
So what my design team came up with
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 저희 λ””μžμΈ νŒ€μ΄ λ§Œλ“  것이
05:07
is this amazing system called the Space Culinary Lab.
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β€˜μš°μ£Ό μš”λ¦¬ μ—°κ΅¬μ†Œβ€™λΌλŠ” 이 ν₯미둜운 것이죠.
05:11
By the way, we won the first phase of this competition,
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참고둜 저희 νŒ€μ΄ 이 λŒ€νšŒ 첫 λ‹¨κ³„μ—μ„œ μš°μŠΉν•΄μ„œ
05:14
and are currently working on prototypes.
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μ§€κΈˆμ€ μ›ν˜•μ„ μ œμž‘ μ€‘μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:16
(Cheers and applause)
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(ν™˜ν˜Έ)(λ°•μˆ˜)
이 기계에 μžˆλŠ” λ„€ 뢀뢄을 ν•˜λ‚˜μ”© μ„€λͺ…ν•΄ λ“œλ¦¬κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:22
So let's go over the four sections of this machine.
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05:26
Step one -- coffee.
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1λ‹¨κ³„λŠ” μ»€ν”Όμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:28
In the morning, it's nice to have a rich, creamy, hot beverage.
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아침에 ν’λ―Έμžˆκ³  λΆ€λ“œλŸ¬μš°λ©΄μ„œ λ”°λœ»ν•œ 음료λ₯Ό λ§ˆμ‹œλ©΄ μ’‹κ² μ£ .
05:33
A nutritious version of this is butter coffee.
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여기에 μ˜μ–‘κΉŒμ§€ λ”ν•œ 것이 버터 μ»€ν”Όμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
μš°μ£Όμ—μ„œ 버터 컀피λ₯Ό λ§ˆμ‹œλ €λ©΄ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ ν•˜λ©΄ λ κΉŒμš”?
05:37
What would it take for astronauts to make space butter coffee?
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05:40
So one of our team members created this mechanical homogenizer
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우리 νŒ€μ› ν•œ λͺ…이 이런 기계식 균질기λ₯Ό κ°œλ°œν–ˆμ–΄μš”.
05:44
that breaks down coffee granules, hot water, collagen and ghee together
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컀피 원두와 뜨거운 λ¬Ό, 콜라겐 그리고 버터λ₯Ό λ‹€ λ„£κ³  갈면
05:50
and creates this unctuous, satisfying mouthfeel solution
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μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ λ§€λˆν•˜κ³  만쑱슀러운 μ‹κ°μ˜ 음료λ₯Ό λ§ˆμ‹€ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:53
that is really nice to drink.
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정말 맛이 μ’‹μ•„μš”.
05:57
What's nice as well is that it provides you
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 무엇보닀 쒋은 점은 이 컀피에 μ˜€λ©”κ°€3 지방산이 μžˆμ–΄μ„œ
05:59
with omega-3 fatty acids
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06:01
that can protect your brain and your heart,
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염증을 μ€„μ—¬μ£ΌλŠ” 데닀 λ‡Œμ™€ 심μž₯κΉŒμ§€ λ³΄ν˜Έν•œλ‹€λŠ” κ±°μ£ .
06:04
as well as reduce inflammation.
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06:08
Step two -- snacks.
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2λ‹¨κ³„λŠ” κ°„μ‹μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:10
Microalgae, like spirulina:
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μŠ€ν”Όλ£°λ¦¬λ‚˜ 같은 λ―Έμ„Έ μ‘°λ₯˜λ‘œ λ§Œλ“  κ±°μ£ .
06:13
research in animals has shown that it can also boost your immune system,
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μŠ€ν”Όλ£°λ¦¬λ‚˜λŠ” 동물 μ‹€ν—˜ κ²°κ³Ό λ©΄μ—­ 체계λ₯Ό κ°•ν™”ν•˜κ³ 
06:17
and help your body from developing cancer.
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암을 μ˜ˆλ°©ν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ λ°ν˜€μ‘ŒμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:20
But the problem is algae is gross.
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λ¬Έμ œλŠ” 맛이 μ—­ν•˜λ‹€λŠ” κ±°μ£ .
(μ›ƒμŒ)
06:23
(Laughter)
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λƒ„μƒˆλ„ κ·Έλ ‡κ³  맛도 λ³„λ‘œ μ—†μ–΄μš”.
06:24
It smells funny and it doesn't taste that great.
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06:26
So what we can do is to cultivate a fresh batch aboard the spaceship,
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 생각해낸 방법은 μš°μ£Όμ„ μ—μ„œ 직접 μž¬λ°°ν•˜λŠ” κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:31
dehydrate the microalgae, and then mix it with other ingredients.
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λ―Έμ„Έ μ‘°λ₯˜μ—μ„œ μˆ˜λΆ„μ„ μ œκ±°ν•˜κ³  λ‹€λ₯Έ μž¬λ£Œλ“€κ³Ό μ„žλŠ” κ±°μ£ .
06:34
We can mix it with oats, with nuts, with powdered berries, with spices.
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귀리, 땅콩, λ”ΈκΈ° 가루와 각쒅 양념을 μ„žμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
단맛, 신맛, λ§€μ½€ν•œ 맛, λ§€μš΄λ§› λ“± μ›ν•˜λŠ” λŒ€λ‘œ λ‹€ λ§Œλ“€ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:40
We can make them sweet, sour, savory, spicy,
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06:43
whatever your heart desires.
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06:45
Oh, and as a bonus,
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그리고 덀으둜
06:46
growing microalgae absorbs carbon dioxide from the air
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λ―Έμ„Έ μ‘°λ₯˜λŠ” μžλΌλ©΄μ„œ 곡기 μ€‘μ˜ 이산화 νƒ„μ†Œλ₯Ό ν‘μˆ˜ν•΄ μ‚°μ†Œλ‘œ λ°”κΏ‰λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:51
and produces oxygen.
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06:53
In other terms, it's carbon-negative.
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λ‹€λ₯Έ 말둜 ν•˜λ©΄, β€˜νƒ„μ†Œ μŒμ„±β€™μΈ κ±°μ£ .
06:55
So now imagine all of the food systems that we have on the surface of the Earth.
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지ꡬ에 μžˆλŠ” λͺ¨λ“  μ‹λŸ‰ 체계λ₯Ό 생각해 λ³΄μ„Έμš”.
07:00
What if producing food actually reversed climate change?
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μ‹λŸ‰ μƒμ‚°μœΌλ‘œ κΈ°ν›„ λ³€ν™”λ₯Ό 되돌릴 수 μžˆλ‹€λ©΄ μ–΄λ–¨κΉŒμš”?
07:03
Wouldn't that be cool?
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정말 멋지겠죠?
07:04
Step three -- salad.
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3λ‹¨κ³„λŠ” μƒλŸ¬λ“œμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:06
When astronauts go on long missions to space,
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우주 비행사듀이 μž₯κΈ° μž„λ¬΄λ₯Ό μˆ˜ν–‰ν•˜λŸ¬ μš°μ£Όμ— κ°€λ©΄
07:11
one of the things they look forward to the most when they come back to Earth
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μ§€κ΅¬λ‘œ λŒμ•„κ°ˆ λ•Œ κ°€μž₯ λ°”λΌλŠ” 것이 λ°”λ‘œ μ•„μ‚­μ•„μ‚­ν•œ μƒλŸ¬λ“œλΌκ³  ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:14
is the crunch of a salad.
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07:16
So salads were designed to grow with gravity,
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μ±„μ†ŒλŠ” 보톡 쀑λ ₯이 μžˆλŠ” ν™˜κ²½μ—μ„œ μžλΌλŠ”λ° μš°μ£Όμ—λŠ” 쀑λ ₯이 μ—†μ£ .
07:19
so now we're asking it to grow without gravity.
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07:21
Well, thankfully, the International Space Station experiments
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λ‹€ν–‰νžˆ, ꡭ제 우주 μ •κ±°μž₯μ—μ„œ μ§„ν–‰ν•œ μ—¬λŸ¬ μ‹€ν—˜μ—μ„œ
07:24
have proven that we can do that with lettuce,
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상좔, 케일, 그리고 λ‹€λ₯Έ 녹색 μ±„μ†Œλ₯Ό μž¬λ°°ν•  수 μžˆλ‹€κ³  λ°ν˜€μ‘ŒμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:26
with kale and with other greens.
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07:28
Let’s give our Mars explorers a space garden.
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우리 ν™”μ„± νƒμ‚¬λŒ€μ—κ²Œ 우주 정원을 μ„ λ¬Όν•©μ‹œλ‹€.
07:33
It's great to give them some fresh produce to eat
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가끔 μ‹ μ„ ν•œ μ±„μ†Œλ₯Ό 먹으면 λ©‹μ§ˆ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:36
once in a while
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07:37
and it's nice for their mental health to look at a garden once in a while.
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간간이 정원을 κ΅¬κ²½ν•˜λ©΄ μ •μ‹  건강에도 쒋을 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:42
Last but not least, step four --
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끝으둜 4λ‹¨κ³„λŠ” 우주 λ°”λΉ„νμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:44
space barbecue.
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07:45
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
07:47
So a lot of cultures all over the world
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μ „ 세계 λ§Žμ€ λ¬Έν™”κΆŒμ—μ„œ
07:52
consider grilled protein a meal centerpiece.
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λ‹¨λ°±μ§ˆ κ΅¬μ΄λŠ” μ‹μ‚¬μ˜ μ€‘μ‹¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:56
Unfortunately, open fire is frowned upon in space.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μš°μ£Όμ—μ„œ 바비큐 ν•œλ‹€κ³  λΆˆμ„ ν”Όμš°λ©΄ κ³€λž€ν•˜κ² μ£ .
07:59
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
08:01
So we're going to use lasers.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ λ ˆμ΄μ €λ₯Ό μ΄μš©ν•  κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:03
So we're going to take a piece of chicken, for example,
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예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄, λ‹­κ³ κΈ° ν•œ 쑰각을
08:06
and we're going to rehydrate it with a carbohydrate solution.
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νƒ„μˆ˜ν™”λ¬Ό μš©μ•‘μ— λ‹΄κ°€ μΆ©λΆ„νžˆ 적신 λ‹€μŒ
08:10
And then from there, we're going to design
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λ ˆμ΄μ €λ‘œ λ‹­κ³ κΈ° ν‘œλ©΄μ— 그릴 무늬λ₯Ό κ·Έλ¦¬λŠ” κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:12
a grill pattern on top of the chicken, using lasers.
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08:16
And so the heat, carbohydrate and protein combination
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그러면 κ°€μ—΄λœ νƒ„μˆ˜ν™”λ¬Όκ³Ό λ‹¨λ°±μ§ˆμ΄ μ„œλ‘œ λ°˜μ‘ν•΄ κ°ˆλ³€ λ°˜μ‘μ„ μΌμœΌμΌœμ„œ
08:18
creates the signature caramelization
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08:21
that makes barbecued meat taste and smell so delicious.
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바베큐 고기처럼 ν’λΆ€ν•œ 맛과 ν–₯을 λ§Œλ“€μ–΄ λƒ…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:26
With the Space Culinary Lab,
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우주 μš”λ¦¬ μ—°κ΅¬μ†Œμ™€ ν•¨κ»˜λΌλ©΄
08:28
we can imagine all the combinations of flavors, textures, colors
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μ˜¨κ°– 맛과 식감, 색깔 μ‘°ν•©κ³Ό
08:33
and rituals, even, that can come out of this.
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거기에 λ‹΄κ²¨μžˆλŠ” μ˜λ―ΈκΉŒμ§€λ„ 상상해 λ³Ό 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:37
What if a Michelin star chef had access to this kind of system
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미쉐린 유λͺ… μš”λ¦¬μ‚¬λ“€μ΄ 이런 μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ„ ν™œμš©ν•΄μ„œ
08:42
and created their own spaceborne dishes?
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κ·Έλ“€λ§Œμ˜ 우주 μš”λ¦¬λ₯Ό 발λͺ…ν•  수 μžˆλ‹€λ©΄ μ–΄λ–¨κΉŒμš”?
08:45
Like, think astrobisque, floating space-juice caviar,
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예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄ 우주 λΉ„μŠ€ν¬, λΆ€μœ μ‹ 우주 캐비아,
08:51
or space whiskey.
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ν˜Ήμ€ 우주 μœ„μŠ€ν‚€ 같은 κ²ƒλ“€μ΄μš”.
08:53
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
08:55
What is traditionally called a galley or prep station
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μ „ν†΅μ μœΌλ‘œ μ‘°λ¦¬λŒ€ ν˜Ήμ€ μž‘μ—…λŒ€λΌκ³  뢈리던 것듀이
08:58
is now something that looks and feels a lot more like a farm-to-table kitchen,
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이제 β€˜λ†μž₯μ—μ„œ μ‹νƒμœΌλ‘œβ€™ λ°©μ‹μœΌλ‘œ λ°”λ€Œκ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:02
but in space.
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단, μš°μ£Όμ—μ„œμš”.
09:04
What we want to do, really,
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 진정 μ›ν•˜λŠ” 것은
09:06
is to take all of that space innovation
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이 λͺ¨λ“  우주 ν˜μ‹  κΈ°μˆ μ„ κ°–κ³  μ™€μ„œ
09:08
and bring it back to other places in space.
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우주의 λ‹€λ₯Έ μž₯μ†Œμ— λ„μž…ν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:12
We're going to go to the Moon, we're going to go to Mars,
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인λ₯˜λŠ” 곧 달에도 κ°€κ³  화성에도 갈 κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
μ΅œμ’…μ μœΌλ‘œ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 정말 μ›ν•˜λŠ” 것은 μ’€ 더 인간적인 우주 κ³΅κ°„μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:15
and what we really want to do at the end is make space more human.
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09:18
We want to apply this to all life-support systems up there.
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μš°μ£Όμ— μžˆλŠ” λͺ¨λ“  생λͺ… μœ μ§€ κΈ°λŠ₯에 이것을 μ μš©ν•˜κ³  μ‹ΆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:21
And bringing all of that technology back to Earth is nothing new,
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그런데 그것듀을 μ§€κ΅¬λ‘œ λ˜κ°€μ Έμ˜€λŠ” 건 μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 일이 μ•„λ‹ˆμ—μš”.
09:25
by the way.
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09:26
Like, we've been using a lot of technologies, every day,
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μš°μ£Όμ—μ„œ 발λͺ…λœ μˆ˜λ§Žμ€ κΈ°μˆ λ“€μ„ 맀일 μ΄μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:31
that were invented in space.
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09:32
For example, solar cells, prosthetics, water filtration systems, GPS,
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예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄ νƒœμ–‘ 전지, 인곡 λ³΄ν˜•λ¬Ό, μ •μˆ˜ μž₯치, μœ„μΉ˜ 확인 μž₯치,
무선 톡신 κΈ°κΈ°, 그리고 νœ΄λŒ€ν° 카메라 λ Œμ¦ˆκΉŒμ§€λ„μš”.
09:38
wireless communication devices, even the lens on your camera phone.
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09:42
So, you know, when we think about taking all of that technology
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μš°μ£Όμ—μ„œ κ°œλ°œν•˜λŠ” 이 λͺ¨λ“  κΈ°μˆ μ„ λ“€κ³  μ˜¨λ‹€κ³  ν•  λ•Œ
09:47
that we're developing in space,
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09:49
what we want to do, really,
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ§„μ •μœΌλ‘œ ν•˜κ³  싢은 일은,
09:51
is create regenerative ways to replace nonregenerative agricultural methods
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λΉ„μž¬μƒ 농업 방식을 λŒ€μ²΄ν•  μž¬μƒ 농업 방식을 λ§Œλ“œλŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:58
that demand too much resources on Earth.
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ν˜„μž¬μ˜ 농업 방식은 μžμ›μ΄ λ„ˆλ¬΄ 많이 ν•„μš”ν•˜μ£ .
10:03
Every day, there's a lot of space innovation that's happening,
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μˆ˜λ§Žμ€ 우주 ν˜μ‹  기술이 맀일 같이 발λͺ…λ˜μ–΄μ„œ
10:06
space that's here to benefit us on Earth.
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μš°μ£ΌλŠ” 지ꡬ에 λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ ν˜œνƒμ„ μ£Όκ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:09
So one day, not so far in the future,
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μ–Έμ  κ°€λŠ”, 그리 멀지 μ•Šμ€ λ―Έλž˜μ—
10:12
maybe the way we create food in space will help us open the door
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μš°μ£Όμ—μ„œ μ‹λŸ‰μ„ μƒμ‚°ν•˜λŠ” 방식이
지속 κ°€λŠ₯ν•œ ν–‰μ„±κ°„ μ’…μœΌλ‘œ κ°€λŠ” 문을 μ—΄ μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:16
to become a sustainable interplanetary species.
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10:21
Thank you.
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κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:22
(Cheers and applause)
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(ν™˜ν˜Έ)(λ°•μˆ˜)
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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