How to use UNLESS in spoken English: Advanced English Lesson

185,051 views ใƒป 2019-11-15

Speak English With Vanessa


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
Hi, I'm Vanessa from SpeakEnglishWithVanessa.com.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€SpeakEnglishWithVanessa.comใฎVanessaใงใ™ใ€‚
00:04
Do you know how to use the word unless?
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ใใ†ใงใชใ„้™ใ‚Šใ€ใใฎๅ˜่ชžใฎไฝฟใ„ๆ–นใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
00:07
Let's talk about it.
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ใงใฏใ€ใใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ€ŒๅฝผๅฅณใŒ่จ€ใ†ใจใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Š
00:13
Are there any words in English that you think, "I understand it when she says it, but I just
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ใพใ™ใŒใ€ไฝฟใˆใชใ„ใ€ใจๆ€ใ†่‹ฑ่ชžใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
00:18
can't use it."
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00:20
Maybe one of those words is the word unless.
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ใŸใถใ‚“ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ˜่ชžใฎ1ใคใฏใ€ใใ†ใงใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฎๅ˜่ชžใงใ™ใ€‚
00:23
If it's difficult for you to naturally use the word unless, this lesson is definitely
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ใใ†ใง ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใ€่‡ช็„ถใซใใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ไฝฟใ†ใฎใŒ้›ฃใ—ใ„ใชใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใฏ้–“้•ใ„ใชใ
00:27
for you.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฎใŸใ‚ใงใ™ใ€‚
00:28
I like to call the word unless a lynch pin word.
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ใƒชใƒณใƒใƒ”ใƒณใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใงใชใ„้™ใ‚Šใ€็งใฏใใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ๅ‘ผใถใฎใŒๅฅฝใ ใงใ™ใ€‚
00:32
These are two lynch pins.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏ2ใคใฎใƒชใƒณใƒใƒ”ใƒณใงใ™ใ€‚
00:34
If you take out that pin, it's bad news for your machine, it's not going to work, it's
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ใใฎใƒ”ใƒณใ‚’ๅค–ใ™ใจใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎใƒžใ‚ทใƒณใซใจใฃใฆๆ‚ชใ„ใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใงใ™ ใ€ใใ‚ŒใฏๆฉŸ่ƒฝใ—ใชใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ
00:40
probably going to fall apart.
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ใŠใใ‚‰ใใƒใƒฉใƒใƒฉใซใชใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
00:42
The word unless is a lynch pin word in your sentence.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๆ–‡ใฎใƒชใƒณใƒใƒ”ใƒณใฎๅ˜่ชžใงใชใ„้™ใ‚Šใ€ใใฎๅ˜่ชž ใ€‚
00:45
If you take out that word, your sentence doesn't have much meaning.
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ใใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚Šๅ‡บใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๆ–‡็ซ ใฏใ‚ใพใ‚Šๆ„ๅ‘ณใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚
00:50
Your sentence kind of falls apart, so you need to know how to use it accurately.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๆ–‡็ซ ใฏใƒใƒฉใƒใƒฉใซใชใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ ๆญฃ็ขบใซไฝฟใ†ๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’็Ÿฅใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
00:54
Native English speakers use lynch pin words all the time.
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่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ๆฏๅ›ฝ่ชžใจใ™ใ‚‹ไบบใฏใ€ๅธธใซใƒชใƒณใƒใƒ”ใƒณใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จ ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:57
Words like happen, actually, unless, though.
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ใจใฏใ„ใˆใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏใ€ๆฌกใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใช่จ€่‘‰ใŒ่ตทใ“ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
01:01
If you'd like to learn how to use some more of these lynch pin words, you can check out
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใƒชใƒณใƒใƒ”ใƒณใฎๅ˜่ชžใฎไฝฟ็”จๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’ใ•ใ‚‰ใซๅญฆใณใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€
01:04
the videos I made up here featuring those words.
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ใ“ใ“ใงไฝœๆˆใ—ใŸใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚ŠไธŠใ’ใŸใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚
01:07
It's your lucky day.
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅนธ้‹ใชๆ—ฅใงใ™ใ€‚
01:08
All right, let's get started on how to use the word unless.
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ใ•ใฆ ใ€ใใ†ใงใชใ„้™ใ‚Šใ€ๅ˜่ชžใฎไฝฟใ„ๆ–นใ‚’ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
01:12
Imagine this wonderful scenario.
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ใ“ใฎ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ‚ทใƒŠใƒชใ‚ชใ‚’ๆƒณๅƒใ—ใฆใฟใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ๅˆๅพŒ6ๆ™‚ใซๅค•้ฃŸใฎใŸใ‚
01:13
I've invited you to come over to my house for dinner at 6:00 PM.
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ใซ็งใฎๅฎถใซๆฅใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ๆ‹›ๅพ…ใ—ใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚
01:17
I'm going to make one of my favorite winter soups because it's a chilly day.
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่‚Œๅฏ’ใ„ๆ—ฅใชใฎใงใ€ๅคงๅฅฝใใชๅ†ฌใฎใ‚นใƒผใƒ—ใ‚’ไฝœใ‚Š ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:21
It's a great day to eat soup, and you're really excited.
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ใ‚นใƒผใƒ—ใ‚’้ฃŸในใ‚‹ใฎใซๆœ€้ซ˜ใฎๆ—ฅใงใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ ่ˆˆๅฅฎใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:25
Nothing is going to stop you from coming.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆฅใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’ๅฆจใ’ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใฏไฝ•ใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
01:27
Well, except what might stop you from coming to dinner at my house?
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็งใฎๅฎถใงๅค•้ฃŸใซๆฅใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’ๅฆจใ’ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’้™คใ„ใฆ ๏ผŸ
01:34
Think about this.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆ่€ƒใˆใ‚‹ใ€‚
01:37
You might say, "I'll come over to your house unless I get sick."
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ใ€Œ็—…ๆฐ—ใซใชใ‚‰ใชใ„้™ใ‚Šใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅฎถใซใ‚„ใฃใฆใใ‚‹ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚
01:44
Maybe at the last minute, all of a sudden you get sick, and you call me and say, "Oh,
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ใŸใถใ‚“ๅœŸๅฃ‡ๅ ดใง็ช็„ถ ็—…ๆฐ—ใซใชใ‚Šใ€ใ€Œใ‚ใ‚ใ€
01:48
I'm sorry I can't come."
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ๆฅใ‚‰ใ‚Œใชใใฆใ”ใ‚ใ‚“ใชใ•ใ„ใ€ใจ้›ป่ฉฑใ—ใฆใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
01:49
Okay, that's an unusual scenario.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ็ใ—ใ„ใ‚ทใƒŠใƒชใ‚ชใงใ™ใ€‚
01:52
Hopefully that won't happen at the last second, but this is an exception.
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ใ†ใพใใ„ใ‘ใฐใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๆœ€ๅพŒใฎ1็ง’ใง่ตทใ“ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏไพ‹ๅค–ใงใ™ใ€‚
01:57
You think, "Nothing is stopping me from having dinner at Vanessa's house.
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ใ€Œ ใƒดใ‚กใƒใƒƒใ‚ตใฎๅฎถใงๅค•้ฃŸใ‚’ใจใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’ๅฆจใ’ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใฏไฝ•ใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Š
02:02
I am going to come no matter what.
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ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ไฝ•ใŒใ‚ใฃใฆใ‚‚ๆฅใ‚‹ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚็—…ๆฐ—
02:05
Well, there is an exception, unless I get sick."
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ใซใชใ‚‰ใชใ„้™ใ‚Šใ€ไพ‹ๅค–ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚ใ€
02:09
We could also reverse that sentence and say, "Unless I get sick, I'll come over to your
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ใใฎๆ–‡ใ‚’้€†ใซใ—ใฆใ€ ใ€Œ็—…ๆฐ—ใซใชใ‚‰ใชใ„้™ใ‚Š
02:16
house for dinner."
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ใ€ๅค•้ฃŸใฎใŸใ‚ใซใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅฎถใซๆฅใ‚‹ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
02:17
We can put it at the beginning of the sentence or at the end of the sentence.
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ๆ–‡้ ญใพใŸใฏๆ–‡ๆœซใซ็ฝฎใใ“ใจใŒใงใ ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:20
This exception can be moved.
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ใ“ใฎไพ‹ๅค–ใฏ็งปๅ‹•ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
02:23
Today we're going to look at some positive sentences, some famous quotes that use unless,
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใ€ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎ่‚ฏๅฎš็š„ใช ๆ–‡ใ€ใ„ใใค
02:28
some negative sentences and some questions.
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ใ‹ใฎๅฆๅฎš็š„ใชๆ–‡ใจใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎ่ณชๅ•ใ‚’้™คใ„ใฆไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎๆœ‰ๅใชๅผ•็”จใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใใพใ™ใ€‚
02:32
Do you think that we can use the word unless in a question?
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่ณชๅ•ใŒใชใ„้™ใ‚Šใ€็งใŸใกใฏใใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ไฝฟใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
02:35
You'll have to wait till the end of this lesson to find out.
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ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใŒ็ต‚ไบ†ใ™ใ‚‹ใพใงๅพ…ใคๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Š ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:39
Let's start with some positive sentences.
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ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎๅ‰ๅ‘ใใชๆ–‡็ซ ใ‹ใ‚‰ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
02:41
Have you ever been on a blind date?
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ใƒ–ใƒฉใ‚คใƒณใƒ‰ใƒ‡ใƒผใƒˆใ‚’ใ—ใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
02:43
I haven't, but I have some friends who have been on dates with people who they met online,
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็งใฏใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ ใ‚ชใƒณใƒฉใ‚คใƒณใงๅ‡บไผšใฃใŸไบบใ€…ใจใƒ‡ใƒผใƒˆใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ‹ไบบใŒใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:48
which is pretty common nowadays.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๆœ€่ฟ‘ใงใฏใ‹ใชใ‚Šไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใงใ™ใ€‚
02:50
Usually you can tolerate a two hour dinner with pretty much anyone.
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้€šๅธธใ€ใปใจใ‚“ใฉใฎไบบใจใฎ2ๆ™‚้–“ใฎๅค•้ฃŸใซ่€ใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ ใ€‚
02:55
You can have a conversation even if it's not the most amazing experience, but let's imagine
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ใŸใจใˆใใ‚ŒใŒๆœ€ใ‚‚็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„็ตŒ้จ“ใงใชใใฆใ‚‚ไผš่ฉฑใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใŒใ€
03:00
that one of your friends is extremely picky.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅ‹ไบบใฎ1ไบบใŒ้žๅธธใซใ†ใ‚‹ใ•ใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆƒณๅƒใ—ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
03:06
Your friend might say to you, "I'm going to leave the date unless he has a Ferrari.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅ‹ไบบใฏใ‚ใชใŸใซ่จ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใ€Œ ๅฝผใŒใƒ•ใ‚งใƒฉใƒผใƒชใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใชใ„้™ใ‚Šใ€็งใฏๆ—ฅไป˜ใ‚’ๆฎ‹ใ™ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚
03:14
It doesn't matter if he's nice, friendly, kind, handsome.
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ๅฝผใŒ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใใ€ๅ‹ๅฅฝ็š„ใงใ€่ฆชๅˆ‡ใงใ€ใƒใƒณใ‚ตใƒ ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใฏ้–ขไฟ‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚
03:18
Nope.
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ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€‚
03:19
Only if he has a Ferrari will I stay."
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ๅฝผใŒใƒ•ใ‚งใƒฉใƒผใƒชใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใซใฎใฟ็งใฏๆปžๅœจใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€
03:22
Your friend is kind of planning in advance to leave the date unless he has a Ferrari.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅ‹ไบบใฏ ใ€ๅฝผใŒใƒ•ใ‚งใƒฉใƒผใƒชใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใชใ„้™ใ‚Šใ€ๆ—ฅไป˜ใ‚’ๆฎ‹ใ™ใ“ใจใ‚’ไบ‹ๅ‰ใซ่จˆ็”ปใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:27
That's kind of a crazy example, but you get the idea.
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ใใ‚Œใฏไธ€็จฎใฎใ‚ฏใƒฌใ‚คใ‚ธใƒผใชไพ‹ใงใ™ใŒใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ ใใฎ่€ƒใˆใ‚’็†่งฃใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:30
A couple of months ago, I started to volunteer in an organization called the Free Forest
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ๆ•ฐใƒถๆœˆๅ‰ใ€็ง ใฏFree ForestSchoolใจใ„ใ†็ต„็น”ใงใƒœใƒฉใƒณใƒ†ใ‚ฃใ‚ขๆดปๅ‹•ใ‚’ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใŸ
03:35
School.
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ใ€‚
03:36
If you live in the US and you have kids, you should check it out.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็ฑณๅ›ฝใซไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๅญไพ›ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ ใชใ‚‰ใฐใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ในใใงใ™ใ€‚
03:39
Check it out online to see if there's a branch near you.
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ใ‚ชใƒณใƒฉใ‚คใƒณใงใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ—ใฆใ€่ฟ‘ใใซๆ”ฏๅบ—ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ—ใฆ ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
03:41
It's a lot of fun.
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ใจใฆใ‚‚ๆฅฝใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
03:42
The basic idea is that, kids and parents go to nature and have free play for a couple
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ๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใช่€ƒใˆๆ–นใฏใ€ๅญไพ›ใจ่ฆช ใŒ่‡ช็„ถใซ่กŒใใ€ๆ•ฐๆ™‚้–“่‡ช็”ฑใซ้Šใถใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™
03:49
hours.
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ใ€‚
03:50
It's just a chance to be in nature.
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่‡ช็„ถใฎไธญใซใ„ใ‚‹ใƒใƒฃใƒณใ‚นใงใ™ใ€‚
03:51
The kids can play together and build their sense of curiosity and independence, but there
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ๅญไพ›ใŸใกใฏไธ€็ท’ใซ้Šใ‚“ ใงๅฅฝๅฅ‡ๅฟƒใจ่‡ช็ซ‹ๅฟƒใ‚’่‚ฒใ‚€ใ“ใจ
03:57
is an exception.
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ใŒใงใใพใ™ใŒใ€ไพ‹ๅค–ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
04:00
We need to go if it's raining, if the sun is shining, if it's snowing, but we also have
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้›จใŒ้™ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ๅคช้™ฝ ใŒ่ผใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€้›ชใŒ้™ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏ่กŒใๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€
04:06
some fair rules.
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ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎๅ…ฌๆญฃใชใƒซใƒผใƒซใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
04:09
One of those is, we'll meet up unless it's negative 10 degrees.
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ใใฎใ†ใกใฎ1ใคใฏใ€ใƒžใ‚คใƒŠใ‚น10ๅบฆใงใชใ„้™ใ‚Šไผšใ†ใ“ใจ ใงใ™ใ€‚
04:16
We just decided that this is too cold and especially in the area where we're from, this
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ๅฏ’ใ™ใŽใ‚‹ใจๅˆคๆ–ญใ—ใŸใฐใ‹ใ‚Šใงใ€ ็‰นใซๅ‡บ่บซๅœฐใงใฏใ€ใ“ใ‚Œ
04:22
isn't typical weather, so a lot of people don't have the right clothes for that kind
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ใฏๅ…ธๅž‹็š„ใชๅคฉๆฐ—ใงใฏใชใ„ใŸใ‚ใ€ๅคšใใฎไบบใŒใใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชๅคฉๆฐ—ใซ ้ฉใ—ใŸๆœใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“
04:26
of weather.
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ใ€‚
04:27
If it's negative 10 degrees, we will cancel our meetup.
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ใƒžใ‚คใƒŠใ‚น10ๅบฆใฎๅ ดๅˆใฏ ใ€ไบคๆตไผšใ‚’ใ‚ญใƒฃใƒณใ‚ปใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:31
This is really unusual.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ็ใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
04:32
This is an exception, so we could say, "We will meet up unless it's negative 10 degrees."
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏไพ‹ๅค–ใชใฎใงใ€ใ€Œ ใƒžใ‚คใƒŠใ‚น10ๅบฆใงใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐๅ‡บไผšใ†ใ€ใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
04:40
Do you love studying English?
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ๅ‹‰ๅผทใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
04:42
Will nothing stop you from continuing to study English?
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ๅ‹‰ๅผทใ—็ถšใ‘ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฆจใ’ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใฏไฝ•ใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ‹๏ผŸ
04:45
Well, I bet there's one thing that will stop you.
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ใพใ‚ใ€็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ๆญขใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒไธ€ใคใ‚ใ‚‹ใซ้•ใ„ ใชใ„ใ€‚
04:49
You might say, "I will continue studying English unless the world ends."
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ใ€Œไธ–็•ŒใŒ็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚‰ใชใ„้™ใ‚Šใ€็งใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ๅ‹‰ๅผทใ—็ถšใ‘ใ‚‹ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚
04:56
If the world ends, we'll have more problems than finding time to study English, right,
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ไธ–็•ŒใŒ็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Œใฐใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ๅ‹‰ๅผทใ™ใ‚‹ๆ™‚้–“ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใคใ‘ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚ๅคšใใฎๅ•้กŒใŒ็™บ็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
05:00
so this is the exception.
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ใ€‚ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏไพ‹ๅค–ใงใ™ใ€‚
05:02
I will continue studying English forever.
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็งใฏใšใฃใจ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ๅ‹‰ๅผทใ—็ถšใ‘ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:05
There's an exception, unless the world ends, that's the exception.
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ไพ‹ๅค–ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€ไธ–็•ŒใŒ็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚‰ใชใ„้™ใ‚Šใ€ ใใ‚Œใฏไพ‹ๅค–ใงใ™ใ€‚
05:10
Now, let's take a look at a couple of famous quotes using our lynch pin word unless.
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ ใƒชใƒณใƒใƒ”ใƒณใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใชใ„ๆœ‰ๅใชๅผ•็”จใ‚’ใ„ใใคใ‹่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
05:16
The first quote is by Albert Einstein and he says, "Nothing will end war unless the
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ๆœ€ๅˆใฎๅผ•็”จใฏใ‚ขใƒซใƒใƒผใƒˆใƒปใ‚ขใ‚คใƒณใ‚ทใƒฅใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒณใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ ๅฝผใฏใ€Œไบบใ€…่‡ช่บซใŒๆˆฆไบ‰ใซ่กŒใใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ‹’ๅฆใ—ใชใ„้™ใ‚Šใ€ๆˆฆไบ‰ใ‚’็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚‰ใ›ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใงใใชใ„ใ€ใจ่ฟฐในใฆใ„
05:23
people themselves refuse to go to war."
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ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:28
He's saying that war will always continue.
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ๅฝผใฏๆˆฆไบ‰ใฏๅธธใซ็ถšใใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:32
Nothing will stop war, but there is an exception, unless the people themselves refuse to go
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ๆˆฆไบ‰ใ‚’ๆญขใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใฏไฝ•ใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒ ใ€ไบบใ€…่‡ช่บซใŒๆˆฆไบ‰ใซ่กŒใใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ‹’ๅฆใ—ใชใ„้™ใ‚Šใ€ไพ‹ๅค–ใŒใ‚ใ‚Š
05:40
to war.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:41
If there are no soldiers, there will be no war.
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ๅ…ตๅฃซใŒใ„ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐๆˆฆไบ‰ใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚
05:44
This is kind of an idealistic phrase, but it's quite deep and insightful.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏไธ€็จฎใฎ็†ๆƒณ็š„ใชใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใงใ™ใŒ ใ€้žๅธธใซๆทฑใๆดžๅฏŸใซๆบ€ใกใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:50
He's kind of putting the responsibility on the people to stop war, instead of putting
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ๅฝผใฏใ€ๆ”ฟๆฒปๅฎถใซ่ฒฌไปปใ‚’่ฒ ใ‚ ใ›ใ‚‹ใฎใงใฏใชใใ€ๆˆฆไบ‰ใ‚’ๆญขใ‚ใ‚‹่ฒฌไปปใ‚’ไบบใ€…ใซ่ฒ ใ‚ใ›ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™
05:54
that responsibility on the politicians.
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ใ€‚
05:57
If this is a interesting idea to you, I recommend listening to the song Universal Soldier.
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ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒใ‚ใชใŸใซใจใฃใฆ่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„ใ‚ขใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ขใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใชใ‚‰ใ€UniversalSoldierใจใ„ใ†ๆ›ฒใ‚’่ดใใ“ใจใ‚’ใŠๅ‹งใ‚ใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚
06:03
This is an older song and there's a great cover by Donovan on YouTube.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅคใ„ๆ›ฒใงใ€ YouTubeใซใฏใƒ‰ใƒŽใƒดใ‚กใƒณใฎ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ‚ซใƒใƒผใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
06:09
You can check it out and listen to this great song talking about peace in the world.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ—ใฆใ€ไธ–็•Œใฎๅนณๅ’Œใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใฎ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ๆญŒใ‚’่žใใ“ใจใŒใงใ ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:14
The next quote is by Dale Carnegie, a great motivational writer.
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ๆฌกใฎๅผ•็”จใฏใ€ๅ‰ๅคงใชๅ‹•ๆฉŸไป˜ใ‘ใฎไฝœๅฎถใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใƒ‡ใƒผใƒซใƒปใ‚ซใƒผใƒใ‚ฎใƒผใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎ ใงใ™ใ€‚
06:18
He said, "People rarely succeed unless they have fun in what they're doing."
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ๅฝผใฏใ€ใ€Œๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆฅฝใ—ใ‚“ใงใ„ใชใ„้™ใ‚Šใ€ไบบใ€…ใฏใ‚ใฃใŸใซๆˆๅŠŸใ—ใชใ„ใ€ใจ่ฟฐในใŸ ใ€‚
06:29
Here the rule is all people rarely succeed.
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ใ“ใ“ใงใฎใƒซใƒผใƒซใฏใ€ใ™ในใฆใฎไบบใŒๆˆๅŠŸใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใฃใŸใซใชใ„ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
06:32
It's unusual for people to succeed, but the exception is, when you have fun with what
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ไบบใ€…ใŒๆˆๅŠŸใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใฏ็ใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใงใ™ใŒใ€ ไพ‹ๅค–ใฏใ€่‡ชๅˆ†ใŒใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆฅฝใ—ใ‚“ใง
06:39
you're doing, you will succeed.
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ใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใซๆˆๅŠŸใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
06:41
I'm curious if you agree with this idea.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ“ใฎ่€ƒใˆใซๅŒๆ„ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹็งใฏ่ˆˆๅ‘ณใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
06:44
If you don't enjoy learning English, can you succeed?
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ๅญฆใถใฎใŒๅฅฝใใงใชใ„ใชใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๆˆๅŠŸใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ ใ‹๏ผŸ
06:48
Can you reach your goals of passing an exam or speaking confidently or understanding movies?
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่ฉฆ้จ“ใซๅˆๆ ผใ— ใŸใ‚Šใ€่‡ชไฟกใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ€ๆ˜ ็”ปใ‚’็†่งฃใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†็›ฎๆจ™ใ‚’้”ๆˆใงใใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
06:56
Do you agree that you need to enjoy what you're learning in order to succeed?
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๆˆๅŠŸใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ‚ใชใŸใŒๅญฆใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆฅฝใ—ใ‚€ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๅŒๆ„ใ—ใพใ™ ใ‹๏ผŸ
07:01
Let me know.
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ใŠ็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใ›ไธ‹ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
07:02
The next quote is by Dr. Seuss, who is a well loved children's book author.
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ๆฌกใฎๅผ•็”จใฏใ€ใ‚ˆใ ๆ„›ใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ…็ซฅๆ›ธใฎ่‘—่€…ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใƒ‰ใ‚ฏใ‚ฟใƒผใƒปใ‚นใƒผใ‚นใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
07:07
In one of his books, his character, the Lorax says this quote.
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ๅฝผใฎๆœฌใฎ1ใคใ€ๅฝผใฎๆ€งๆ ผใงใ€Lorax ใฏใ“ใฎๅผ•็”จใ‚’่ฟฐในใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:12
The Lorax says, "Unless someone like you cares a whole awful lot, nothing is going to get
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Loraxใฏใ€ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใช่ชฐใ‹ใŒใฒใฉใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆฐ—ใซใ‹ใ‘ใชใ„้™ใ‚Š ใ€ไฝ•ใ‚‚
07:19
better, it's not."
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่‰ฏใใชใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใชใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€ใใ†ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:21
You see that he used unless at the beginning, that's fine.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅฝผใŒๆœ€ๅˆใซไฝฟใ‚ใชใ„้™ใ‚ŠไฝฟใฃใŸใฎใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€ ใใ‚Œใฏๅคงไธˆๅคซใงใ™ใ€‚
07:23
It's a little less common in casual conversation, but this is a quote from a book character.
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ใ‚ซใ‚ธใƒฅใ‚ขใƒซใชไผš่ฉฑใงใฏใ‚ใพใ‚Šไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๆœฌใฎใ‚ญใƒฃใƒฉใ‚ฏใ‚ฟใƒผใ‹ใ‚‰ใฎๅผ•็”จใงใ™ใ€‚
07:29
What does this mean?
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏไฝ•ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹๏ผŸ
07:31
Unless someone like you cares a whole awful lot.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใช่ชฐใ‹ใŒใฒใฉใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆฐ—ใซใ—ใชใ„้™ใ‚Š ใ€‚
07:36
He's putting responsibility on us.
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ๅฝผใฏ็งใŸใกใซ่ฒฌไปปใ‚’่ฒ ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:38
Each individual has the responsibility to care about problems in the world.
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ไธ€ไบบไธ€ไบบใŒ ไธ–็•Œใฎๅ•้กŒใซๆฐ—ใ‚’้…ใ‚‹่ฒฌไปปใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
07:44
When we care individually, then changes will happen, but if we don't care, nothing's going
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ๅ€‹ๅˆฅใซๆฐ—ใซใ‹ใ‘ใ‚‹ใจๅค‰ๅŒ–ใŒ ่ตทใ“ใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ๆฐ—ใซใ—ใชใ„ใจไฝ•ใ‚‚ๅค‰ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
07:50
to change.
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ใ€‚
07:52
Nothing's going to get better, so we need to care.
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ไฝ•ใ‚‚่‰ฏใใชใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใชใ„ใฎใงใ€ๆณจๆ„ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Š ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:54
We need to take action.
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็งใŸใกใฏ่กŒๅ‹•ใ‚’่ตทใ“ใ™ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
07:56
It's our choice.
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ใใ‚Œใฏ็งใŸใกใฎ้ธๆŠžใงใ™ใ€‚
07:57
It's up to us.
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ใใ‚Œใฏ็งใŸใกๆฌก็ฌฌใงใ™ใ€‚
07:58
This is difficult, but it's good motivation.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้›ฃใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใŒใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ่‰ฏใ„ใƒขใƒใƒ™ใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใงใ™ใ€‚
08:01
All right, let's move on to some negative sentences.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎๅฆๅฎš็š„ใชๆ–‡ใซ็งปใ‚Šใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚
08:04
Each of these sentences has the word not in it.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ„ๆ–‡ใซใฏใ€ใชใ„ๅ˜่ชžใŒๅซใพใ‚Œ ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:08
"You can't improve unless you study," so you need to study.
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ใ€Œๅ‹‰ๅผทใ—ใชใ„ใจไธŠ้”ใงใใชใ„ใ€ใฎใงๅ‹‰ๅผทใ™ใ‚‹ ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
08:15
The first half of this sentence is negative and the second half is positive.
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ใ“ใฎๆ–‡ใฎๅ‰ๅŠใฏ่ฒ  ใงใ€ๅพŒๅŠใฏๆญฃใงใ™ใ€‚
08:19
"You can't improve unless you study."
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ใ€Œๅ‹‰ๅผทใ—ใชใ„ใจไธŠ้”ใงใใชใ„ใ€
08:24
The first half is negative, you can't, and the second half is the goal, the motivation.
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ๅ‰ๅŠใฏใƒใ‚ฌใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใงใ€ใงใใพใ› ใ‚“ใ€‚ๅพŒๅŠใฏใ‚ดใƒผใƒซใ€ใƒขใƒใƒ™ใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใงใ™ใ€‚
08:30
You need to do this unless you study, so you should study.
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ๅ‹‰ๅผทใ—ใชใ„้™ใ‚Šใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ๅ‹‰ๅผทใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚
08:35
"I wouldn't eat bugs unless I had to."
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ใ€Œๅฟ…่ฆใŒใชใ„้™ใ‚Šใ€่™ซใฏ้ฃŸในใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใ€
08:40
In what situation would you eat bugs?
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ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใช็Šถๆณใง่™ซใ‚’้ฃŸในใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
08:42
Have you ever eaten bugs before?
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ใ“ใ‚Œใพใงใซ่™ซใ‚’้ฃŸในใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
08:43
Maybe if you were starving, if you had no other food.
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ใŸใถใ‚“ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ้ฃขใˆใฆใ„ใŸใชใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒไป–ใซ้ฃŸใน็‰ฉใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใชใ‚‰ ใ€‚
08:47
This sentence is saying, the only situation in which I would eat bugs is an absolute necessity,
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ใ“ใฎๆ–‡ใฏใ€ ็งใŒ่™ซใ‚’้ฃŸในใ‚‹ๅ”ฏไธ€ใฎ็Šถๆณใฏใ€
08:55
if I had to.
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็งใŒใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใฎใงใ‚ใ‚Œใฐใ€็ตถๅฏพใซๅฟ…่ฆใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:58
You can say, "I wouldn't eat bugs, well there is an exception unless I had to."
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ใ€Œ่™ซใฏ้ฃŸใน ใชใ„ใ€ใใ†ใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใ‚’้™คใ„ใฆไพ‹ๅค–ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
09:06
The end of this sentence is kind of cutoff.
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ใ“ใฎๆ–‡ใฎ็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใฏไธ€็จฎใฎใ‚ซใƒƒใƒˆใ‚ชใƒ•ใงใ™ใ€‚
09:09
You could say, "I wouldn't eat bugs unless I had to eat bugs," but we don't need to repeat
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ใ€Œ่™ซใ‚’้ฃŸในใชใ„ใจ้ฃŸในใชใ„ใ€ใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใŒ ใ€่™ซใ‚’้ฃŸในใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ™ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใชใ„ใฎใง
09:16
eat bugs, so we can just cut off that last part and say, "Unless I had to," unless it
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ใ€ๆœ€ๅพŒใฎ ้ƒจๅˆ†ใ‚’ๅˆ‡ใ‚Šๅ–ใฃใฆใ€Œใ‚„ใ‚‰ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œ
09:21
was an absolute necessity.
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ใฏ็ตถๅฏพใซๅฟ…่ฆใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
09:24
My son won't go to sleep unless I tell him a story or two stories or three stories or
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็งใŒๆฏๅญใซ1ใ€2่ฉฑใ€3่ฉฑใ€4่ฉฑใ‚’่จ€ใ‚ใชใ„้™ใ‚Šใ€ๆฏๅญใฏ็œ ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
09:30
four stories.
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ใ€‚
09:31
Before my son goes to bed, he needs for me to tell him a story or for my husband, Dan,
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็งใฎๆฏๅญใŒๅฏใ‚‹ๅ‰ใซใ€ๅฝผใฏ็ง ใŒๅฝผใซ่ฉฑใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€็งใฎๅคซใฎใƒ€ใƒณใŒ
09:37
to tell him a story.
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ๅฝผใซ่ฉฑใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
09:38
This is a requirement for sleeping for him.
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ใ“ใ‚ŒใฏๅฝผใฎใŸใ‚ใซๅฏใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใฎ่ฆไปถใงใ™ใ€‚
09:42
At the beginning we have a negative part, my son won't go to sleep.
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ๆœ€ๅˆใฏใƒใ‚ฌใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใช้ƒจๅˆ†ใŒใ‚ใ‚Š ใ€ๆฏๅญใฏ็œ ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
09:48
Well there's an exception unless I tell him a story.
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็งใŒๅฝผใซ่ฉฑใ‚’ใ—ใชใ„้™ใ‚Šใ€ไพ‹ๅค–ใŒใ‚ใ‚Š ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:52
I need to tell him a story for him to go to sleep.
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็งใฏๅฝผใŒ็œ ใ‚ŠใซใคใใŸใ‚ใซๅฝผใซ่ฉฑใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚
09:56
Now let's go onto the question form.
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€่ณชๅ•ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใซ้€ฒใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
09:59
Can you use the word unless in a question?
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่ณชๅ•ใŒใชใ„้™ใ‚Šใ€ใใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
10:03
Take a look at this question and see how you feel about it.
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ใ“ใฎ่ณชๅ•ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆ„Ÿใ˜ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚
10:07
Can you say, "Will you meet up unless it's minus 10 degrees?
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ใ€Œ ใƒžใ‚คใƒŠใ‚น10ๅบฆใง
10:14
Will you meet up unless it's minus 10 degrees?"
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ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐๅ‡บไผšใˆใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใƒžใ‚คใƒŠใ‚น10ๅบฆใงใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐๅ‡บไผšใˆใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€ใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
10:19
Not really.
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ใ‚ใพใ‚Šใ€‚
10:20
This is not used.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
10:22
Instead, when you're asking a question, you need to use another expression that means
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ไปฃใ‚ใ‚Šใซใ€่ณชๅ•ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใฏใ€ใใ†ใงใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใจๅŒใ˜ใ“ใจ ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ๅˆฅใฎๅผใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
10:27
the same thing as unless.
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ใ€‚
10:30
For questions we need to use if plus not to make it a more natural sentence.
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่ณชๅ•ใซใคใ„ใฆใฏใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Š่‡ช็„ถใชๆ–‡ใซใ—ใชใ„ใŸใ‚ใซใƒ—ใƒฉใ‚นใฎๅ ดๅˆใซไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚ ่ณชๅ•ใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ—ใฆใ‹ใ‚‰ๅ›ž็ญ”ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚’็ขบ่ชใงใใ‚‹
10:36
Let's take a look at a couple of examples so that you can see the question and then
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ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎไพ‹ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
10:41
you can see the answer form.
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ใ€‚
10:42
"Will you meet up if it's not minus 10 degrees?
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ใ€Œใƒžใ‚คใƒŠใ‚น10ๅบฆใงใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐไผšใˆใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใƒžใ‚คใƒŠใ‚น10ๅบฆใงใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐไผšใˆ
10:49
If it's not minus 10 degrees?"
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ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€
10:51
This is great.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ€‚
10:52
When you're asking a question we're going to use if and not.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่ณชๅ•ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใ€็งใŸใกใฏใใ† ใงใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใซไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚
10:55
"Will you meet up if it's not minus 10 degrees?"
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ใ€Œใƒžใ‚คใƒŠใ‚น10ๅบฆใงใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐไผšใˆใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€
10:59
"Yes."
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"ใฏใ„ใ€‚"
11:00
You can answer this question in two different ways.
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ใ“ใฎ่ณชๅ•ใซใฏใ€2ใคใฎ็•ฐใชใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใง็ญ”ใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใ ใพใ™ใ€‚
11:02
You could just repeat that same sentence structure.
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ๅŒใ˜ๆ–‡ๅž‹ใ‚’็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ™ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
11:04
"Yes, we will meet up if it's not minus 10 degrees."
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ใ€Œใฏใ„ใ€ใƒžใ‚คใƒŠใ‚น10ๅบฆใงใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐๅพ…ใกๅˆใ‚ใ› ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€
11:08
You can use that exact same sentence structure, but if you want to use our keyword today,
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ใพใฃใŸใๅŒใ˜ๆ–‡ๅž‹ ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™ใŒใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใ‚ญใƒผใƒฏใƒผใƒ‰ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹
11:12
unless, you could say, "We will meet up unless it's minus 10 degrees."
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ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใ€Œใƒžใ‚คใƒŠใ‚น10ๅบฆใงใชใ„้™ใ‚Šใ€ไผšใ†ใ€ใจ่จ€ใˆใชใ„้™ใ‚Šใ€
11:17
You've got some options for answers, but for the question you need to use if plus not.
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็ญ”ใˆใซใฏใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎใ‚ชใƒ—ใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒ ใ€่ณชๅ•ใซใฏใƒ—ใƒฉใ‚นใงใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใซไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
11:22
Let's look at a couple others.
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ไป–ใฎใ‚ซใƒƒใƒ—ใƒซใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
11:24
"Would you eat bugs if you didn't have to?"
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ใ€Œใ‚‚ใ—ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐ่™ซใ‚’้ฃŸในใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€
11:28
Here we're using if plus not and not is actually part of a contraction.
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ใ“ใ“ใงใฏใ€ใƒ—ใƒฉใ‚นใงใฏใชใใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏ็ธฎ็ด„ใฎไธ€้ƒจใงใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใซไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
11:34
Did plus not becomes didn't, so you might ask, "Would you eat bugs if you didn't have
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ใƒ—ใƒฉใ‚นใฏใ—ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใฎใง ใ€ใ€Œๆฅฝใ—ใฟใฎใŸใ‚ใ ใ‘ใซๅฅฝใใงใชใใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ใฎใชใ‚‰ใ€่™ซใ‚’้ฃŸในใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‹๏ผŸใ€ใจๅฐ‹ใญใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
11:39
to like just for fun?"
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ใ€‚
11:41
Well you could say, "No, I wouldn't eat bugs if I didn't have to."
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ใ€Œใ„ใ‚„ใ€่™ซใ‚’้ฃŸในใชใใฆใ‚‚้ฃŸในใชใ„ใ€ใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ ใ€‚
11:48
Okay, you're using that same sentence construction or you can use the word unless and say, "I
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅŒใ˜ๆ–‡ใฎๆง‹ๆˆ ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€ใ€Œๅฟ…่ฆใŒใชใ„้™ใ‚Š่™ซใ‚’้ฃŸในใชใ„ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ‚ใชใ„้™ใ‚Šใ€ใใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™
11:55
wouldn't eat bugs unless I had to."
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ใ€‚
11:58
Or what about this question?
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ใพใŸใฏใ€ใ“ใฎ่ณชๅ•ใฏใฉใ†ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
12:00
"Will you keep studying English if the world doesn't end?
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ใ€Œไธ–็•ŒใŒ็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใฎใชใ‚‰่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ๅ‹‰ๅผทใ—็ถšใ‘ใ‚‹ใฎ ใ‹
12:06
If the world doesn't," that's using not here, "end?
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๏ผŸไธ–็•ŒใŒ็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใฎใชใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใ“ใ“ใงใฏไฝฟใ‚ใชใ„ใ€ ใ€Œ็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚‰ใ›ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹
12:11
Will you keep studying English if the world doesn't end?"
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๏ผŸไธ–็•ŒใŒ็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใฎใชใ‚‰่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ๅ‹‰ๅผทใ—็ถšใ‘ใ‚‹ใฎ ใ‹๏ผŸใ€
12:14
"Yeah, I'll keep studying English if the world doesn't end," so same sentence construction.
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ใ€Œใˆใˆใ€ไธ–็•ŒใŒ็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใชใ‚‰ใ€็งใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ๅ‹‰ๅผทใ—็ถšใ‘ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€ใจๅŒใ˜ๆ–‡ใฎๆง‹ๆˆใ€‚
12:21
You're just mirroring what was in the question.
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ๅ•้กŒใฎๅ†…ๅฎนใ‚’ๅๆ˜ ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚
12:24
Or you could use the word unless and say, "I will keep studying English unless the world
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ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏใ€ใ€Œไธ–็•ŒใŒ็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚‰ใชใ„้™ใ‚Šใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ๅ‹‰ๅผทใ—็ถšใ‘ใ‚‹ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ‚ใชใ„้™ใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ไฝฟใ†ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™
12:31
ends."
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ใ€‚
12:32
Is this true for you?
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใซๅฝ“ใฆใฏใพใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
12:33
Let me know in the comments.
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ใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใงๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ็งใจไธ€็ท’ใซใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๆ–‡็ซ ใ‚’
12:34
Let's do a quick review so that you can practice these sentences with me.
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็ทด็ฟ’ใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€็ฐกๅ˜ใชๅพฉ็ฟ’ใ‚’ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚
12:38
I want you to say these sentences out loud to train your pronunciation muscles to practice
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็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใซใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๆ–‡็ซ ใ‚’ๅคงๅฃฐใง่จ€ใฃใฆใ€ ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ็™บ้Ÿณใฎ็ญ‹่‚‰ใŒ่ฉฑใ™็ทด็ฟ’ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่จ“็ทดใ—ใฆใปใ—ใ„
12:44
speaking.
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ใ€‚
12:45
Also to help you remember how to use the word unless naturally.
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ใพใŸใ€่‡ช็„ถใงใชใ„้™ใ‚Šใ€ๅ˜่ชžใฎไฝฟใ„ๆ–นใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใใฎใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใกใพใ™ ใ€‚
12:47
Are you ready to speak out loud with me?
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็งใจๅคงๅฃฐใง่ฉฑใ™ๆบ–ๅ‚™ใฏใงใใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
12:50
Let's do it.
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ใ‚„ใฃใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
12:51
"I'll come over to your house unless I get sick.
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ใ€Œ็—…ๆฐ—ใซใชใ‚‰ใชใ„้™ใ‚Šใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅฎถใซใ‚„ใฃใฆๆฅใพใ™ ใ€‚
12:56
I'll keep studying English unless the world ends.
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ไธ–็•ŒใŒ็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚‰ใชใ„้™ใ‚Šใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ๅ‹‰ๅผทใ—็ถšใ‘ใพใ™ ใ€‚
13:00
People rarely succeed unless they have fun in what they're doing.
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ไบบใ€…ใฏใ€่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆฅฝใ—ใ‚“ใงใ„ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใ€ๆˆๅŠŸใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใฃใŸใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
13:04
You can't improve unless you study.
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ๅ‹‰ๅผทใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใ€ไธŠ้”ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚็งใฏใใ†ใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
13:08
I wouldn't eat bugs unless I had to.
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ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใชใ„้™ใ‚Š่™ซใ‚’้ฃŸในใชใ„ใง
13:12
Will you meet up if it's not minus 10 degrees?
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ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ใƒžใ‚คใƒŠใ‚น10ๅบฆใงใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐไผšใˆใพใ™ใ‹
13:16
Would you eat bugs if you didn't have to?"
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๏ผŸๅฟ…่ฆใŒใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐ่™ซใ‚’้ฃŸในใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€
13:19
Great practice, and now I have a question for you.
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็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„็ทด็ฟ’ใงใ™ใ€‚ไปŠใ€็งใฏ ใ‚ใชใŸใซ่ณชๅ•ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
13:22
Imagine that your friend says, "It's so cool that you're learning English.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅ‹้”ใŒใ€Œ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ๅญฆใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใฏใจใฆใ‚‚ใ‚ฏใƒผใƒซใงใ™ใ€‚
13:26
I want to try to, what should I do to improve my English skills?"
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็งใฏๆŒ‘ๆˆฆใ—ใŸใ„ใฎใงใ™ใŒใ€็งใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅŠ›ใ‚’ๅ‘ไธŠใ•ใ›ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซไฝ•ใ‚’ใ™ในใ ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใŸใจๆƒณๅƒใ—ใฆใฟใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
13:30
Well, you need to give them some good advice about improving their English, so I want you
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใซๅฝผใ‚‰ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ไธŠ้”ใ•ใ›ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใฎใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎ่‰ฏใ„ใ‚ขใƒ‰ใƒใ‚คใ‚นใ‚’ไธŽใˆใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸ
13:34
to finish this sentence.
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ใซใ“ใฎๆ–‡็ซ ใ‚’็ต‚ใˆใฆๆฌฒใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๆฏŽๆ—ฅ็ทด็ฟ’ใ—ใ€ๆœฌ็‰ฉใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎ่ณ‡ๆ–™
13:36
You won't improve your English unless you practice every day, listen to real English
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ใ‚’่ดใ‹ใชใ„้™ใ‚Šใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ไธŠ้”ใ•ใ›ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใงใใพใ›ใ‚“
13:44
material.
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ใ€‚ ๅ‹้”
13:45
What's some advice that you would give to your friend?
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ใซไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚ขใƒ‰ใƒใ‚คใ‚นใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ‹๏ผŸ
13:47
Write a comment below answering this question and finishing the sentence as naturally as
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ใ“ใฎ่ณชๅ•ใซ็ญ”ใˆใฆ ใ€ใงใใ‚‹ใ ใ‘่‡ช็„ถใซๆ–‡็ซ ใ‚’ๅฎŒๆˆใ•ใ›ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ€ไปฅไธ‹ใซใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใ‚’ๆ›ธใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
13:51
possible.
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ใ€‚ ็งใจ
13:53
Thank you so much for learning English with me, and I'll see you again next Friday for
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ไธ€็ท’ใซ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ๅญฆใ‚“ใงใใ‚Œใฆใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ€‚ไธ–็•ŒใŒ็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚‰ใชใ„้™ใ‚Šใ€ ๆฅ้€ฑใฎ้‡‘ๆ›œๆ—ฅ
13:57
a new lesson here on my YouTube channel, unless the world ends.
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ใซ็งใฎYouTubeใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซใงๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใพใŸไผšใ„ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚
14:01
Talk to you later, bye.
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ๅพŒใง่ฉฑใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€ใ•ใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‰ใ€‚
14:03
The next step is to download my free ebook, Five Steps to Becoming a Confident English
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ๆฌกใฎใ‚นใƒ†ใƒƒใƒ—ใฏใ€็งใฎ็„กๆ–™ใฎ้›ปๅญใƒ–ใƒƒใ‚ฏ ใ€่‡ชไฟกใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’่ฉฑใ™ไบบใซใชใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใฎ5ใคใฎใ‚นใƒ†ใƒƒใƒ—ใ‚’ใƒ€ใ‚ฆใƒณใƒญใƒผใƒ‰ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจ
14:09
Speaker.
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ใงใ™ใ€‚ ่‡ชไฟกใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆๆตๆšข
14:10
You'll learn what you need to do to speak confidently and fluently.
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ใซ่ฉฑใ™ใŸใ‚ใซไฝ•ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’ๅญฆใณใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šๅคšใใฎ็„กๆ–™ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใฎใŸใ‚
14:14
Don't forget to subscribe to my YouTube channel for more free lessons.
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ใซ็งใฎYouTubeใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซใ‚’่ณผ่ชญใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚
14:18
Thanks so much.
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ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ€‚
14:19
Bye.
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ใ•ใ‚ˆใชใ‚‰ใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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