400 Words IELTS TOEFL SAT PTE English Vocabulary

ignite

起火

to catch fire or cause to catch fire

或导致起火

It is still a mystery as to how the gas leak ignited and burned down the apartment.

煤气泄漏如何点燃并烧毁公寓仍然是个谜。

urban

与城镇或城市相连的城市

connected with a town or city

城市

Urban areas usually have high crime rates.

地区的犯罪率通常很高。

frank

坦率

honest and direct in what you say

说话诚实、直接

To be frank with you, she did that just so she could avoid you.

坦率地说，她这样做只是为了避开你。

novel

小说

new and original, not like anything seen before

新颖、原创，不同于以往任何作品。

The poem earned an award for its novel style and concept.

这首诗因其新颖的风格和概念而获奖。

alleviate

减轻

to make suffering, or a problem less severe.

痛苦或减轻问题的严重性。

Practicing yoga on a regular basis can help alleviate muscle pain.

定期练习瑜伽可以帮助缓解肌肉疼痛。

hostile

敌意

aggressive or unfriendly and ready to argue or fight

攻击性或不友好，准备争论或打架

We moved last week because we couldn't bear  living in such a hostile neighbourhood.

我们上周搬家了，因为我们无法忍受生活在如此充满敌意的社区。

abolish

废除

to officially end a law, a system, or an institution

以正式终止一项法律、一项制度或一项机构

The death penalty should be abolished as it violates the human right to live.

死刑应该废除，因为它侵犯了人权的生存权。

allocate

为特定目的分配资源或职责

distribute resources or duties for a particular purpose

我们

We must allocate our time for work and leisure activities wisely.

必须明智地分配工作和休闲活动的时间。

picturesque

风景如画

to describe a place as very pretty or charming; like a painted picture

，形容一个地方非常漂亮或迷人；像一幅画一样

The picturesque village is a tourist attraction.

风景如画的村庄是一个旅游胜地。

lucrative

利润

making a large amount of money or profit

丰厚 赚取大量金钱或利润

John made a lucrative income through social media management.

约翰通过社交媒体管理获得了丰厚的收入。

discord

不和谐

disagreement between people or organizations

人与组织之间的分歧

Negotiations between rich and poor nations are a source of discord.

富国与穷国之间的谈判是不和谐的根源。

gist

gist

gist (of something) the main or general meaning of content

（某事的）要点 内容的主要或一般含义

I missed the class, so can you give me the gist of the lesson?

我错过了这堂课，所以你能给我这节课的要点吗？

frugal

节俭

trying not to spend or waste money

尽量不花钱或浪费钱

I need to be frugal with my spending since I have a low salary.

因为我的工资很低，所以我需要节俭我的开支。

altercation

争吵

a noisy argument or disagreement, especially in public

吵闹的争论或分歧，尤其是在公共场合

Two customers were having an altercation at the shop.

两名顾客在商店里发生争吵。

paramount

比什么都重要

more important than anything else

孩子

The safety of the children is our paramount concern.

们的安全是我们最关心的问题。

riveting

引人入胜，

so interesting or exciting that it holds your attention completely

如此有趣或令人兴奋，完全吸引了你的注意力

The audience was so interested by her riveting speech about her life story.

。观众对她关于自己人生故事的引人入胜的演讲非常感兴趣。

succulent

多汁的

fruit, vegetables, or meat containing a lot of juice and tasting good

水果、蔬菜或肉，汁多，味道好。

My grandmother brought us a basket filled with succulent peaches.

我的祖母给我们带来了一篮子多汁的桃子。

curb

抑制

to control or limit something, especially something bad

控制或限制某事，尤其是坏事。

He needs to learn to curb his temper.

他需要学会抑制自己的脾气。

frantic

疯狂地

done quickly and with a lot of activity in a way that is not very well organized

完成得很快，而且有很多活动，但组织得不是很好，

I became more frantic as I tried to finish my homework before the 5 p.m. deadline.

当我试图在下午 5 点截止日期之前完成作业时，我变得更加疯狂。

denote

表示

to be a sign of something

某事的征兆

His frequent urination denotes that he may be diabetic.

他尿频表明他可能患有糖尿病。

advocate

主张公开

to support or recommend something publicly

支持或推荐某事

Many protesters strongly advocate for a change in government policy.

许多抗议者强烈主张改变政府政策。

demonstrate

证明

to show something clearly by giving proof or evidence

通过提供证明或证据来清楚地展示某事

New research demonstrates that age-related memory loss is not inevitable.

新的研究表明，与年龄相关的记忆丧失并非不可避免。

reconcile

找到

to find a way of dealing with two or more ideas that seem to be opposed to each other

一种方法来解决两个或多个似乎相互对立的想法

It was hard to reconcile his busy career with spending time with his family.

很难调和他繁忙的职业生涯与花时间陪伴家人。

philanthropic

慈善事业

to help the poor and those in need, especially by giving money

帮助穷人和有需要的人，特别是通过捐款

The organization provides philanthropic support for those who suffer from disease.

该组织为患有疾病的人提供慈善支持。

detest

讨厌

to hate somebody or something very much

讨厌某人或某事 我非常

I detest working on the weekend.

讨厌在周末工作。

hasten

赶紧

to say or do something without delay

说或做某事，不要拖延

As our teacher began her lecture, I hastened to take down notes.

当我们的老师开始讲课时，我赶紧记下笔记。

cherish

珍惜

to love somebody or something very much and want to protect them or it

非常爱某人或某物并想要保护他们或它

Parents should always cherish their children and not neglect them.

父母应该永远珍惜他们的孩子而不是忽视他们。

potent

对您的身体或心灵产生 强烈

having a strong effect on your body or mind

影响

Taking a walk in nature is a potent stress reliever.

在大自然中散步可以有效缓解压力。

affluent

富裕阶层

having a lot of money and a good standard of living

有很多钱和良好的生活水平

Affluent consumers have a taste for luxury brands.

富裕的消费者对奢侈品牌有品味。

adverse

不利的

negative and unpleasant; not likely to produce a good result

消极的和不愉快的；不太可能产生好的结果

The flight was canceled due to adverse weather conditions.

由于恶劣的天气条件，航班被取消。

attain

达到

to succeed in getting something, usually after a lot of effort

成功地获得某物，通常经过很多努力

He attained his goals through great time management and hard work.

他通过出色的时间管理和努力工作实现了自己的目标。

admonish

警告

to tell someone firmly that you do not approve of something that they have done

坚决地告诉某人你不赞成他们所做的事情

The teacher admonished the student for being late for class.

老师警告学生上课迟到。

ambivalent

矛盾的

having or showing both positive and negative feelings about somebody or something

对某人或某事有或表现出积极和消极的感情

I was quite ambivalent about the president's speech.

我对总统的演讲非常矛盾。

accentuate

强调

to emphasize something or make it easier to notice

强调某事或使人更容易注意到

Her short hair accentuates her round face.

她的短发突出了她的圆脸。

abrasive

粗鲁

rude and unkind; acting in a way that may hurt other people’s feelings

且不友善的； 在他的整个职业生涯中，她以粗鲁的

Throughout his career she was known for her abrasive manner.

态度而 闻名。

abstain

戒酒

to avoid something because it is bad for your health

避免某些事情，因为它对你的健康有害

I abstain from drinking alcohol.

我戒酒。

clandestine

秘密

done secretly or kept secret

进行或保守秘密

The government had a clandestine sale of weapons to a rogue state.

政府秘密向流氓国家出售武器。

analysis

分析

the detailed study or examination of something in order to understand more about it

对某事物的详细研究或检查，以便更多地了解它 对

An analysis of the data demonstrates that the vaccine is working.

数据的分析表明疫苗正在发挥作用。

abrupt

突然的

sudden and unexpected, often in an unpleasant way

突然的、出乎意料的，常常以一种不愉快的方式

His political career came to an abrupt end due to a fatal accident.

他的政治生涯由于一场致命的事故而戛然而止。

adhere

坚持

to behave according to a particular  law, rule, or set of instructions

按照特定的法律、规则或指令

The citizens adhere to the strict curfew.

行事 公民遵守严格的宵禁。

appropriate

未经许可，擅自

to take something, or somebody’s ideas, for your own use and without permission

拿走某物或某人的想法为自己所用

An amateur musician sued a famous singer for appropriating his music.

一位业余音乐家起诉一位著名歌手盗用他的音乐。

aloof

孤僻

not friendly or interested in other people

，对他人不友善或不感兴趣。

She is a cold and aloof woman who likes to be alone.

她是一个冷漠、孤僻的女人，喜欢独处。

apprehend

逮捕

to catch somebody and arrest them

某人并逮捕他们

The thief was apprehended after he stole some jewelry.

小偷在偷了一些珠宝后被捕。

apprehensive

忧虑

worried or frightened that something very bad may happen

担心或害怕可能会发生非常糟糕的事情

The town citizens were apprehensive about the oncoming storm.

镇上的居民对即将到来的风暴感到忧心忡忡。

assimilate

同化

to completely become a part of a country or community

完全成为一个国家或社区的一部分

Immigrants usually assimilate into the new culture and become contributing citizens.

移民通常会融入新文化并成为有贡献的公民。

aspect

情况

one part of a situation, problem, or idea

、问题或想法的一个方面

The pandemic has made a huge impact on every aspect of our lives.

大流行对我们生活的各个方面都产生了巨大影响。

adept

善于

great at doing something that is quite difficult; being skillful

做比较困难的事情；熟练

My classmate is adept at solving math problems.

我的同学擅长解决数学问题。

afflict

以

to affect somebody or something in a bad, unpleasant, or harmful way

不好的、不愉快的或有害的方式影响某人或某事

My aunt was afflicted with chronic pain ever since she had an accident as a child.

我的阿姨自从小时候发生事故以来就患有慢性疼痛。

abysmal

极其

extremely bad; a very low standard

糟糕；非常低的标准

He was fired from his new job because of his abysmal work performance.

他因工作表现糟糕而被新工作解雇。

acclimatise

适应

to get used to a new place, situation or climate

新的地方、情况或气候

It took me a few months to acclimatise to the new work environment.

我花了几个月的时间才适应新的工作环境。

acclaim

称赞 公开

to praise someone or something publicly

赞扬某人或某事

His artwork was acclaimed as an amazing masterpiece.

他的艺术作品被誉为令人惊叹的杰作。

abort

abort

to end something before it has been completed, especially because it is likely to fail

在某件事完成之前结束它，特别是因为它很可能会失败

The rocket launch was aborted due to some technical concerns.

火箭发射由于一些技术问题而被中止。

attribute

归因

to say or believe that something is the result of a particular thing

说或相信某事是某件事的结果。

He attributes his success to hard work.

他将自己的成功归因于努力工作。

amiable

和蔼可亲

friendly and easy to like

、友善、容易让人喜欢

His coworkers liked him because of his quiet and amiable personality.

他的同事因为他安静、和蔼可亲的性格而喜欢他。

alliance

联盟

an agreement between countries,  political parties, etc. to work together

国家、政党等之间共同合作的协议

Many countries form alliances to have mutual protection against an enemy nation.

许多国家结成联盟以相互保护以对抗敌国。

astounding

令人震惊

so surprising that it is difficult to believe

如此令人惊讶，以至于很难相信

The new sales promotion was an astounding success.

新的促销活动取得了惊人的成功。

akin

类似于

similar to something

她的耳机设计得类似于兔耳

Her headphones were designed as akin to rabbit ears.

。

assailant

攻击

a person who attacks somebody, especially physically; an attacker

攻击某人的人，尤其是身体攻击者；一名袭击者

Police reported that a 52- year-old assailant punched his wife.

警方报告称，一名 52 岁的袭击者殴打了他的妻子。

arduous

艰苦的锻炼

involving a lot of effort and energy, especially over a period of time

需要付出很大的努力和精力，尤其是在一段时间内，

Although the workouts were arduous, she still went every morning for one year.

尽管锻炼很艰苦，但一年来她仍然每天早上都去。

alter

改变

to become different; to make somebody or something change

，变得不同；改变某人或某事

After volunteering to help poor people, my view of life has been truly altered.

在志愿帮助穷人之后，我对生活的看法确实发生了改变。

alternative

替代

a different plan or method; another option

不同的计划或方法；另一种选择

The phone is too expensive so I want to find a cheaper alternative.

手机太贵了，所以我想找到更便宜的替代品。

ascertain

确定

to find out the true or correct information about something

找出有关某事的真实或正确信息

It is hard to ascertain if information from the internet is true.

很难确定互联网上的信息是否真实。

assertive

自信

expressing opinions strongly and with confidence, so that people take notice

地强烈、自信地表达意见，以便引起人们的注意

Women need to be assertive in the workplace to make their opinions heard.

女性需要在工作场所表现得自信，才能让别人听到她们的意见。

alienate

疏远

to make somebody less friendly towards you or cause people to avoid you

使某人对您不那么友好或导致人们避开您

The content of his new videos are so different that it alienates his followers.

他的新视频的内容如此不同，以至于疏远了他的追随者。

antagonise

antagonize

to do something to make somebody angry with you

做一些让别人对你生气的事情

He sometimes antagonises his neighbours by playing loud music.

他有时会通过大声播放音乐来激怒他的邻居。

acquainted

熟悉

familiar with something, having read, seen or experienced it

熟悉某事物，读过、看到或经历过它

The students are already acquainted with the topic.

学生已经熟悉该主题。

audacity

大胆的

behaviour that is brave but likely to shock, upset, or offend people

行为是勇敢的，但可能会震惊、不安或冒犯他人。

He had the audacity to come 15 minutes late to the meeting.

他厚颜无耻地迟到了会议 15 分钟。

accompany

陪我去

to travel or go somewhere with somebody or something

旅行或者和某人或某事一起去某个地方

My assistant accompanied me during the whole business trip.

我的助理在整个出差过程中一直陪伴着我。

agnostic

不可知论者

having the belief that it is not possible to know whether God exists or not

相信不可能知道上帝是否存在，

Gary is unsure about religion and God so he is agnostic.

加里不确定宗教和上帝，所以他是不可知论者。

aggravate

恶化

to make an illness or a bad situation worse

使疾病或糟糕的情况变得更糟

Pollution can aggravate asthma.

污染会加剧哮喘。

appease

安抚

to make somebody calmer or less angry by giving them what they want

通过给某人想要的东西来让他们平静或减少愤怒

The politician managed to appease the journalists by giving them an interview.

这位政治家通过接受采访来安抚记者。

annex

吞并

to take control of a country, region, etc., especially by force

控制一个国家、地区等，特别是通过武力控制

The Crimean Peninsula was annexed by Russia in 2014.

克里米亚半岛 2014 年被俄罗斯吞并。

divulge

向某人 透露本

to give someone information that is supposed to be secret

应是秘密的信息

Police refused to divulge the identity of the suspect.

警方拒绝透露嫌疑人的身份。

instigate

促使

to make something start or happen, usually something official

某事开始或发生，通常是官方的事情

The company has instigated worker policy reform.

公司已发起工人政策改革。

perplex

困惑

if something perplexes you, it makes you confused because you do not understand

如果某件事让你困惑，那是因为你不理解

His sudden decision to leave the company perplexes his coworkers.

他突然决定离开公司，让他的同事感到困惑。

forte

跳出

a thing that somebody does particularly well

框框思考

Thinking outside the box is my forte.

是我的强项。

destitute

赤贫，

without money, food and the other things necessary for life

没有钱，没有食物，也没有其他生活必需品。

I see a destitute old man looking for food in the dumpster.

我看到一个赤贫的老人在垃圾箱里寻找食物。

stifle

抑制

to prevent something from happening; to prevent a feeling from being expressed

以防止某事发生；过度控制

Overcontrolling parents stifle their children's growth, creativity, and independence.

的父母会扼杀孩子的成长、创造力和独立性。

pliable

柔韧

easy to influence or control

容易影响或控制

Children have pliable minds.

孩子们的心智柔韧。

ubiquitous

无处不在，

seeming to be everywhere or in several places at the same time; very common

似乎无处不在或同时出现在多个地方；很常见

Mobile phones are ubiquitous.

手机无处不在。

frivolous

轻浮

silly or funny, especially when such behaviour is not suitable

、愚蠢或有趣，尤其是当这种行为不合适时

Most adults think playing computer games is frivolous.

大多数成年人认为玩电脑游戏是轻浮的。

polarise

两极分化

to separate or make people separate into two groups with completely opposite opinions

将人们分成意见完全相反的两个群体

Discussions about legalizing recreational drugs is often polarising.

关于娱乐性毒品合法化的讨论常常是两极分化的。

overarching

总体性

very important, because it includes or influences many things

非常重要，因为它包括或影响很多事情，

We need to take an overarching look at how we run our elections.

我们需要全面审视我们如何进行选举。

deem

认为

to have a particular opinion about somebody or something; consider

对某人或某事有特定的看法；考虑

Some people deem people who are unemployed to be lazy.

有些人认为失业的人很懒。

pragmatic

务实

solving problems in a practical and sensible way

、理智地解决问题

We need to use pragmatic solutions for the rising unemployment rates.

我们需要用务实的方法来解决不断上升的失业率。

perpetuate

使

to make something such as a bad situation, a belief, etc. continue for a long time

诸如糟糕的情况、信仰等之类的事情长期持续下去

Some government policies perpetuate racial inequity.

一些政府政策使种族不平等永久化。

contrive

尽管

to manage to do something despite difficulties

困难重重，她仍然设法做某事。

She contrived to spend a couple of hours studying for the test every night.

她每天晚上都花几个小时学习考试。

convoluted

极其 复杂

extremely complicated and difficult to follow

且难以遵循

It takes a skilled engineer to fix such a convoluted piping system.

需要熟练的工程师才能修复如此复杂的管道系统。

dissipate

消散

to gradually become or make something become weaker until it disappears

逐渐变得或使某物变得更弱直至消失

The crowd's anger dissipated after hours of rioting.

经过数小时的骚乱后，人群的愤怒逐渐消散。

imminent

迫在眉睫的事情很

likely to happen very soon especially of something unpleasant

可能很快就会发生，尤其

Inflation is imminent as the government spends more money.

是当政府花更多的钱时，通货膨胀即将发生。

acquiesce

默许

to accept something without arguing, even if you do not really agree with it

接受某事而不争论，即使你并不真正同意该

The company acquiesced to the customer's demands and lowered their product price.

公司默许了客户的要求并降低了产品价格。

foster

促进

to encourage something to develop; encourage, promote

鼓励某些事物的发展；鼓励、促进

They aim to foster innovation in their company.

他们的目标是促进公司的创新。

fester

随着时间的 推移

a negative feeling becomes worse and more intense over time

，负面情绪变得越来越严重，

A toxic work culture festers at our company.

有毒的工作文化在我们公司不断恶化。

palatable

具有令人愉快或可接受的味道的 可口

food or drink having a pleasant or acceptable taste

食物或饮料

The exotic food that we ordered last night was quite surprisingly palatable.

我们昨晚订购的异国情调食物非常美味。

unprecedented

前所未有的

something that has never happened, been done or been known before

事情以前从未发生过、做过或不为人知。

The whole world was not prepared to face such an unprecedented crisis.

整个世界都没有准备好面对这样一场前所未有的危机。

contempt

蔑视

the feeling that somebody or something is without value and deserves no respect at all

某人或某物没有价值、根本不值得尊重的感觉

The manager spoke about his lazy workers with contempt.

经理轻蔑地谈到他的懒惰工人。 技巧 与人或情况打交道的

finesse

高超

great skill in dealing with people or situations, especially in a light and careful way

技巧，尤其是轻松而谨慎的方式

The manager dealt with the angry customer with patience and finesse.

经理以耐心和技巧处理愤怒的顾客。

coerce

老板

to force somebody to do something by using threats

通过威胁

The boss coerces his staff to work overtime by threatening to fire them.

解雇员工来强迫员工加班。

encapsulate

封装

to express the most important parts of something in a few words

用几句话表达某事最重要的部分

It is very difficult to encapsulate historic events into a single one-hour documentary.

将历史事件封装成一部一小时的纪录片是非常困难的。

stigmatise

污名化

to describe somebody or something unfairly suggesting that they are bad or do not deserve respect

不公平地描述某人或某事，暗示他们不好或不值得尊重

People with mental illness are often stigmatised by the public.

患有精神疾病的人经常受到公众的污名化。

construe

她的话很难被

to interpret the meaning of something in a particular way

理解

Her words could hardly be construed as an apology.

为道歉

peruse

。 仔细

to read something, especially in a cautious way

阅读某些内容，尤其是以谨慎的方式阅读

A copy of the document is available for you to peruse at your leisure.

该文档的副本，供您在闲暇时仔细阅读。

condone

纵容

to accept bad behaviour that is morally wrong

接受不道德的不良行为

Violence can never be condoned.

决不能纵容暴力。

latent

潜在的

existing, but not yet clear, active or well developed

存在，但尚未明确、活跃或发展良好

These athletes have a huge reserve of latent talent.

这些运动员拥有巨大的潜在天赋储备。

acrimonious

他 的父母经历了一场

mad and full of strong bitter feelings

激烈的

His parents went through an acrimonious divorce.

离婚。

masquerade

假面舞会

behaving in a way that hides the truth or a person’s true feelings

的行为方式隐藏了真相或一个人的真实感受。

He was tired of the masquerade and wanted the truth to come out.

他厌倦了假面舞会，希望真相大白。

salient

显着性

most important or easy to notice

最重要或容易注意到

He reviewed the salient points.

他回顾了显着性点。

embroil

卷入

to involve yourself in an argument or a difficult situation

争论或陷入困境

He became embroiled in a dispute with his boss.

他卷入了与老板的争执。

languish

长期被迫承受不愉快的事情而痛苦不堪

to be forced to suffer something unpleasant for a long time

她继续在监狱里痛苦不堪

She continues to languish in prison.

。

aspersions

中伤

critical remarks or judgements

批评性言论或判断

I wouldn't want to cast aspersions on your honesty.

我不想中伤你的诚实。

sedulous

sedulous

displaying great care and effort in your work

在工作中表现出极大的细心和努力

He displays a sedulous attention to detail.

他表现出对细节的孜孜不倦的关注。

encumber

阻碍

to make it difficult for somebody to do something

使某人做某事变得困难

The police operation was encumbered by crowds of reporters.

警察的行动受到成群记者的阻碍。

effusion

溢液（effusion）

the act of flowing out

流出的行为

Conversational effusion isn't always a good quality on a first date.

第一次约会时，谈话中的溢液并不总是一个好的品质。

waffle

胡言乱语

to have difficulty make a decision

难以做出决定

The politician was accused of waffling on major issues.

这位政客被指责在重大问题上胡言乱语。

intrepid

勇敢

very brave; not afraid of danger or difficulties

非常勇敢；不惧危险和困难

Pioneers often proved themselves to be intrepid explorers.

先驱者常常证明自己是勇敢的探险家。

mores

风俗 ​被认为是特定社会群体的典型习俗

​the customs that are considered typical of a particular social group

音乐家 经常

Musicians are often blamed for a steady decline in sexual mores.

因性风俗的不断下降而受到指责。

disheveled

衣冠不整，

very untidy

非常邋遢

He looked tired and dishevelled.

他看起来很疲惫，衣冠不整。

sumptuous

看起来很丰盛，令人印象深刻

looking very impressive

这

It was a sumptuous meal.

是一顿丰盛的饭菜。

reciprocate

以他人对待你的方式回报他人

to behave towards somebody in the same way as they behave towards you

他们

They wanted to reciprocate the kindness that had been shown to them.

希望回报别人对他们的善意。

infallible

绝对正确，

never wrong; never making mistakes

永远不会出错；从不犯错误

No one is infallible.

没有人是绝对正确的。

dissident

持 不同政见

a person who strongly disagrees with and criticizes their government

者 强烈反对并批评政府的人

Dissidents were often imprisoned by the security police.

持不同政见者经常被安全警察监禁。

dispatch

派遣

to send somebody or something somewhere, for a special purpose

出于特殊目的，将某人或某物

Troops have been dispatched to the area.

派往某个地方 部队已被派遣到该地区。

intransigence

不妥协

unwillingness to change your behaviour or opinions

不愿意改变你的行为或观点

Negotiations collapsed in the face of managerial intransigence.

面对管理层的不妥协，谈判破裂了。

pastoral

田园与乡村有关

related to the countryside

农场

The farm was a pastoral scene.

是一派田园风光。

concede

承认

to admit that something is true

某事是真的

He was forced to concede that there might be difficulties.

他被迫承认可能存在困难。

manifold

多种多样

many; of many different types

；许多不同类型的

The possibilities were manifold.

可能性是多种多样的。

punitive

惩罚性

intended as punishment

的 惩罚

Punitive action will be taken against the rioters.

将对骚乱者采取惩罚性行动。

nonplussed

困惑

surprised and confused; speechless

、惊讶和困惑； 布兰森 无言以对，

Branson seemed a little nonplussed at Ellie’s refusal.

对于艾莉的拒绝似乎有些不知所措。

salacious

淫荡

encouraging sexual desire or containing too much sexual detail

的鼓励性欲或包含过多的性细节

The papers concentrated on some salacious aspects of the case.

这些报纸集中讨论了案件的一些淫荡的方面。

behove

某人做某事是正确的或必要的

right or necessary for somebody to do something

我们

It behoves us to study these findings carefully.

有必要仔细研究这些发现。

vulpine

像 狐狸

like a fox

一样的狐狸

He showed his vulpine grin.

他露出了狐狸般的笑容。

premise

前提 构成

a statement or an idea that forms the basis for a reasonable line of argument

合理论点基础的陈述或想法

The argument rests on a false premise.

该论点建立在错误的前提之上。

demise

消亡

the end or failure of an institution, an idea, a company, etc.

一个机构、一个想法、一家公司等的结束或失败。

He praised the union's aims but predicted its early demise.

他赞扬了工会的目标，但预测其会早日消亡。

megalomania

自大狂

a strong feeling that you want to have more and more power

是一种强烈的感觉，想要拥有越来越多的权力。

His bad personality is due to megalomania.

他的坏性格是由于自大狂造成的。

asinine

她

stupid or silly

愚蠢的

Her asinine excuse seemed ridiculous.

借口看起来很荒谬。

surfeit

过量

an amount that is too large

食用过多的

Indigestion can be brought on by a surfeit of fatty food.

脂肪食物可能会导致消化不良。

reputable

信誉

having a good reputation

良好 有良好声誉

The car salesman was a reputable dealer.

汽车推销员是一位信誉良好的经销商。

oblique

间接

not expressed or done in a direct way

未以直接方式表达或完成

She made an oblique reference to her ex-boyfriend.

她间接提及了她的前男友。

jeopardise

他

to risk harming or destroying something or somebody

绝不会做任何 危及

He would never do anything to jeopardise his career.

他职业生涯的事情。

impudence

无礼

rude behaviour

无礼的行为

I’ve had enough of your impudence.

我已经受够了你的无礼。

desolate

荒凉

empty and without people, making you feel sad or frightened

空旷无人，让人感到悲伤或害怕。

They looked out on a bleak and desolate landscape.

他们眺望着一片荒凉而荒凉的景色。

ballast

压

heavy material placed in a ship to make it heavier and keep it steady

载重物放置在船上，使其更重并保持稳定

The ballast keeps the ship steady.

压载使船舶保持稳定。

disperse

散去

to move apart and go away in different directions

，向不同的方向分开，散去。

The fog began to disperse.

雾气开始消散。

faze

使

to confuse or shock someone

某人困惑或震惊

She wasn't fazed by his comments.

她并没有被他的评论所困扰。

compunction

内疚

a guilty feeling about doing something

对做某事感到内疚

He lied to his parents without compunction.

他毫无内疚地对父母撒了谎。

complacency

自满

a feeling of being satisfied with yourself or with a situation

对自己或情况感到满意的感觉

Despite signs of an improvement in the economy, there is no room for complacency.

尽管经济有改善的迹象，但没有自满的余地。

calibre

calibre

the quality of something, especially a person’s ability

某事物的质量，尤其是一个人的能力

He was impressed by the high calibre of applicants for the job.

他对这份工作申请人的高素质印象深刻。

entreat

恳求

to ask somebody to do something in a serious and often emotional way

某人以严肃且经常情绪化的方式做某事

Please help me. I entreat you.

请帮助我。我恳求你。

dissection

剖析

the act of studying something closely

仔细研究某事物的行为

Your enjoyment of a novel can suffer from too much analysis and dissection.

过多的分析和剖析可能会影响您对小说的享受。

antiquated

陈旧

old-fashioned and no longer suitable for modern conditions

过时，不再适合现代条件

The antiquated heating system barely heats the larger rooms.

陈旧的供暖系统几乎无法为较大的房间供暖。

anguish

痛苦

severe physical or mental pain

严重的身体或精神痛苦

He groaned in anguish.

他痛苦地呻吟着。

effeminate

看起来

looking, behaving or sounding like a woman

、行为或听起来像女人的女性化

He is an effeminate man.

他是一个女性化的男人。

enmity

敌意

​feelings of hate towards somebody

​对某人的仇恨情绪

Personal enmities have injured relations within the department. 

个人敌意损害了部门内的关系。

epoch

纪元

a period of time in history

历史上的一段时期

The death of the king marked the end of an epoch in the country's history.

国王的去世标志着该国历史上一个纪元的结束。

intrinsic

内在

belonging to or part of the real nature of something

属于某事物的真实本质或一部分

These tasks were repetitive, lengthy and lacking any intrinsic value.

这些任务是重复的、冗长的并且缺乏任何内在价值。

quotidian

日常

ordinary; typical of what happens every day

平凡； 他们的 日常生活很累人

Their quotidian existence is tiring.

。

hazardous

危险

involving risk or danger, especially to somebody’s safety

涉及风险或危险，特别是对某人的安全而言。

They endured a hazardous journey through thickening fog.

他们在浓雾中经历了一次危险的旅程。

peregrination

游历

a long, slow journey

一段漫长而缓慢的旅程

The character in the book wandered through strange lands during his peregrination.

书中的人物在游历期间穿越了陌生的土地。

attenuate

衰减

to make something weaker or less effective

使某种东西变得更弱或效果更差

The drug attenuates the effects of the virus.

该药物减弱了病毒的影响。

unravel

unravel

to unwind threads that are twisted, woven or knitted

解开扭曲、编织或针织的线

I unravelled the string and wound it into a ball.

我解开绳子并将其缠绕成一个球。

behemoth

庞然大物，

something that is very big and powerful.

指非常巨大和强大的东西。

Your dog is a behemoth.

你的狗是一个庞然大物。

impeccable

无可挑剔

without mistakes or faults

，没有错误或缺陷

Her written English is impeccable.

她的英语书写无可挑剔。

jaded ​

tired and bored

厌倦 了 又累又无聊

I felt terribly jaded after working all weekend.

整个周末工作后我感到非常厌倦。

figurative

比喻

different from the usual meaning, in order to create a mental picture

与通常的含义不同，为了创造一个心理画面

‘He exploded with rage’ shows a figurative use of the verb ‘explode’.

“他愤怒地爆炸”显示了动词“爆炸”的比喻用法。

relic

遗迹

an object, a tradition, a system, etc. that has survived from the past

从过去幸存下来的物体、传统、系统等。

The building stands as the last remaining relic of the town's manufacturing industry.

这座建筑是该镇制造业最后的遗迹。

wreak

wrrea

to do great damage or harm to somebody or something

对某人或某事造成巨大损害或伤害

The country's policies would wreak havoc on the economy.

该国的政策会对经济造成严重破坏。

utopia

乌托邦

a place in which everything is perfect

一切都很完美的地方

Utopia does not exist in the real world.

乌托邦在现实世界中并不存在。

vegetative

植物人

alive but showing no sign of brain activity

还活着，但没有大脑活动的迹象

The stroke victim is in a vegetative state.

中风患者处于植物人状态。

infringe

侵犯

to break a law or rule

违反法律或规则

The material can be copied without copyright infringing.

可以复制该材料而不侵犯版权。

subtlety

动作中的

not being obvious in one's actions

微妙之处 并不明显

It's a thrilling movie even though it lacks subtlety.

这是一部令人兴奋的电影，尽管它缺乏微妙之处。

epitaph

墓志铭

words that are written or said about a dead person

所写或所说的关于死者的文字

His epitaph read: ‘A just and noble citizen’.

他的墓志铭上写着：“一个公正而高贵的公民”。

grisly

可怕

extremely unpleasant and frightening

极其令人不愉快和可怕

It was a grisly murder scene.

这是一个可怕的谋杀现场。

libido

性欲

sexual desire

男人担心自己失去性欲

The man worried about his loss of libido.

。

epitome

缩影

a perfect example of something

某事物的完美典范

He is the epitome of a modern man.

他是现代人的缩影。

topple

倾倒

to become unsteady and fall down; to make something fall down

变得不稳定并跌倒；使某物倒下

The pile of blocks toppled over.

一堆木块倒塌。

morose ​

morose

unhappy, in a bad mood and not talking very much

​不开心 ，心情不好，也不怎么说话

He just sat there looking morose.

，他只是坐在那里，看上去很闷闷不乐。

impalpable

蚊子继续叮咬孩子，变得

that which cannot be felt physically

难以察觉 。

The mosquito was impalpable as it continued to bite the child.

没有任何理由的

gratuitous

无端

done without any reason and often having harmful effects

行为，并且经常产生有害影响

It was a completely gratuitous insult which her friend apologized for.

这是一种完全无端的侮辱，她的朋友为此道歉。

opaque

不透明

not clear enough to see through or allow light through

不够清晰，无法看清或让光线透过

The shower door was opaque.

淋浴门不透明。

post-mortem

尸检

a medical examination of the body of a dead person

对死者尸体进行医学检查

They’re doing a post-mortem on him today.

他们今天要对他进行尸检。

eclectic

不拘一格

not following one style or set of ideas

不遵循一种风格或一套想法

She has very eclectic tastes in music.

她对音乐有非常不拘一格的品味。

delve

深入

to reach inside a bag, container, etc. to search for something

到袋子、容器等内部寻找东西

She delved in her purse for a pen.

她在钱包里寻找一支笔。

studious

勤奋

spending a lot of time studying or reading

花很多时间学习或阅读

He liked to wear rimmed glasses, which he thought made him look studious.

他喜欢戴有框眼镜，他认为这让他看起来很勤奋。

impel

推动

feeling as if you are forced to do something

感觉好像你被迫做某事

He felt impelled to investigate the matter further.

他觉得有必要进一步调查此事。

mannered

他的写作

trying to impress people by being formal

风格

His writing style is far too mannered.

太拘谨了 。

peevish

脾气

easily annoyed

暴躁

Jack was a sickly, peevish old man.

杰克是个体弱多病、脾气暴躁的老人。

stickler

坚持者

a person who thinks that a particular type of behaviour is very important

认为某种特定行为非常重要的人

Robin is a stickler for punctuality.

罗宾是一个严格守时的人。

adulterate

掺假

to make food or drink less pure by adding another substance to it

，通过添加另一种物质来降低食物或饮料的纯度

The water supply had been adulterated with toxic chemicals from the soil.

供水中掺入了来自土壤的有毒化学物质。

deplete

耗尽

to reduce something by a large amount so that there is not enough left

大量减少某物，以致没有足够的剩余

Food and water supplies were severely depleted.

食物和水供应严重耗尽。

nadir

最低点​特定情况

​the worst moment of a particular situation

下 最糟糕的时刻

Company losses reached their nadir in 2008.

公司损失在 2008 年达到最低点。

prelude

一段短音乐的

a short piece of music, especially an introduction to a longer piece

前奏

This is the prelude to Act II of the play.

，尤其是一段较长乐曲的介绍

curtail

这是该剧第二幕的前奏。

to limit something or make it last for a shorter time

由于电子书的销售，书籍支出被严重

Spending on books has been severely curtailed due to the sale of e-books.

削减 。

tacit

默契

that which is suggested indirectly or understood, rather than said in words

是间接暗示或理解的，而不是口头表达的默契

By tacit agreement, the subject was never discussed again.

，这个话题再也没有被讨论过。

abstruse

深奥

​difficult to understand

​难以理解

The lawyer made an abstruse argument.

律师提出了深奥的论点。

placate

安抚使

to make somebody feel less angry about something

某人对某事不再生气

The parent tried to placate the upset child by offering a toy.

父母试图通过提供玩具来安抚心烦意乱的孩子。

iconoclastic

反传统的

criticizing popular beliefs, established customs, or ideas

批评大众信仰、既定习俗或想法

Cult leaders are often iconoclastic.

邪教领袖通常是反传统的。

antithesis

对立面

the opposite of something

某物的对立面

Love is the antithesis of selfishness.

爱是自私的对立面。

deference

表示你尊重某人或某事的

behaviour that shows that you respect somebody or something

尊重 行为

The flags were lowered out of deference to the grieving family.

出于对悲伤的家人的尊重，旗帜被降下。

unwitting

不知情

​not aware of what you are doing or of the situation you are involved in

​不知道您在做什么或您所涉及的情况

He became an unwitting accomplice in the serious crime.

他在不知情的情况下成为了严重犯罪的共犯。

brazen

厚颜无耻

open and without shame, usually about something that shocks people

、毫不羞耻，通常谈论一些令人震惊的事情。

They showed a brazen disregard for the law.

他们表现出对法律的厚颜无耻的漠视。

abjure

放弃

to promise publicly that you will give up or reject a belief or a way of behaving

公开承诺您将放弃或拒绝某种信仰或行为方式

She had to abjure her former beliefs to become a member of the new religion.

她必须放弃以前的信仰才能成为新宗教的成员。

abrogate

abrate

to officially end a law, an agreement, etc.

正式终止一项法律、一项协议等。

The government decided to abrogate the outdated law to ensure equality for all.

政府决定废除过时的法律，以确保人人平等。

abstemious

节制，

not allowing yourself to have much food or alcohol

不让自己吃太多食物或酒精

He was an abstemious eater, avoiding all foods that contained sugar or fats.

他是一个节制的饮食者，避免吃所有含糖或脂肪的食物。

acumen

敏锐

the ability to understand and decide things quickly and well

快速、准确地理解和决定事情的能力

Her acumen in business allowed her to turn the struggling company around.

她在商业上的敏锐洞察力使她能够扭转陷入困境的公司。

antebellum

战前与战争前的岁月有关，尤其是美国内战。

connected with the years before a war, especially the American Civil War

战前

The antebellum era is a significant period in American history.

时代是美国历史上的一个重要时期。

auspicious

吉利

​showing signs that something is likely to be successful in the future

​预示着未来某件事可能会成功

The auspicious weather forecast predicted clear skies and sunshine for the wedding day.

吉利的天气预报预示婚礼当天天空晴朗，阳光明媚。

belie

belie

to give a false impression of somebody or something

给某人或某事留下错误的印象

His kind and gentle demeanor can belie his true strength and power.

他的善良和温柔的举止可能会掩盖他真正的力量和力量。

bellicose

好战

​having or showing a desire to argue or fight

​有或表现出争论或战斗的愿望

The bellicose leader declared war against his neighboring country.

好战的领导人向邻国宣战。

bowdlerise

Bowldlerise

to remove the parts of a book, play, etc. that you think are likely to shock or offend people

删除您认为可能令人震惊或冒犯他人的书籍、戏剧等部分。

The TV station decided to bowdlerise the movie to make it suitable for family viewing.

电视台决定对电影进行 Bowldlerise，使其适合家庭观看。

chicanery

诡计

the use of complicated plans in order to trick people

使用复杂的计划来欺骗人们

The politician's chicanery during the election campaign ultimately cost him his seat.

这位政客在竞选期间的诡计最终让他失去了席位。

chromosome ​

染色体​是动物和植物细胞核中非常小的结构

one of the very small structures like thin strings in the nuclei of animal and plant cells

之一 ，就像细绳一样

The human body has 23 pairs of chromosomes, each containing thousands of genes.

。人体有 23 对染色体，每对都包含数千个基因。

churlish

粗鲁

rude or very unpleasant

粗鲁或非常令人不快

Her churlish behavior was unwelcome at the dinner party.

她粗鲁的行为在晚宴上不受欢迎。

circumlocution

迂回曲折

the use of more words than are necessary

使用不必要的词语

He used circumlocution to avoid giving a direct answer to the question.

他使用迂回曲折以避免直接回答问题。

circumnavigate

绕

to sail all the way around something, especially all the way around the world

地球航行一圈，尤指绕地球一周

Magellan was the first person to circumnavigate the globe.

麦哲伦是第一个环球航行的人。

deciduous

每年落叶的（树木、灌木等）落叶树 落叶树

(of a tree, bush, etc.) that loses its leaves every year

在

The deciduous trees lost their leaves in the fall.

秋天落叶。

deleterious

有害的

harmful and damaging

有害的和破坏性的

Smoking has many deleterious effects on a person's health.

吸烟对人的健康有许多有害影响。

diffident

缺乏

not having much confidence in yourself

自信，对自己缺乏信心

He was diffident and lacked confidence in his abilities.

他缺乏自信，对自己的能力缺乏信心。

enervate

使人

to make somebody feel weak and tired

感到虚弱和疲倦

The long hours of work can enervate even the most energetic person.

长时间的工作甚至会导致最精力充沛的人感到疲倦。

enfranchise

赋予 某人

to give somebody the right to vote in an election

在选举中投票的权利

Women fought for years to be enfranchised and gain the right to vote.

妇女为获得选举权和投票权进行了多年的斗争。

epiphany

顿悟

a sudden and surprising moment of understanding

突然而令人惊讶的

She had an epiphany when she realized she had  been living her life the wrong way.

顿悟时刻 当她意识到自己一直以错误的方式生活时，她顿悟了。

equinox

春分

one of the two times in the year when day and night are of equal length

一年中白天和黑夜长度相等的两个时间之一 春分和

The equinox marks the start of spring and fall when  day and night are almost equal in length.

秋分标志着春天和秋天的开始，此时白天和黑夜的长度几乎相等。

euro

欧元

the unit of money of some countries of the European Union

欧盟一些国家的货币单位

He changed his euro to dollars at the bank before traveling to the United States.

他在前往美国之前在银行将欧元兑换成美元。

evanescent

转瞬即逝

disappearing quickly from sight or memory

从视线或记忆中迅速

Talk is evanescent, writing lasts forever.

消失 谈话转瞬即逝，写作却永存。

expurgate

删除

to leave out parts of a piece of writing or a conversation when printing or reporting it

在印刷或报道时省略部分文字或对话

The book editor decided to expurgate the novel to remove all explicit content.

书籍编辑决定删除小说以删除所有露骨的内容。

facetious

滑稽的

trying to appear funny and clever at a time when other people do not think it is appropriate

在其他人认为不合适的时候试图表现得滑稽和聪明

His facetious comments during the meeting did not help the situation.

他在会议期间的滑稽评论无助于解决问题。

fatuous

愚蠢的

stupid, silly, and pointless

愚蠢的、愚蠢的、毫无意义的

The fatuous idea that money buys happiness is simply not true.

金钱能买到幸福的愚蠢想法根本不是真的。

feckless

性格软弱， 不负责任

having a weak character; not behaving in a responsible way

； 没有以负责任的方式行事

His feckless approach to life led to his downfall.

他不负责任的生活方式导致了他的垮台。

fiduciary

受托人

a person or company that controls other people's money or property

控制他人金钱或财产的个人或公司

The fiduciary had a legal obligation to act in the best interests of his clients.

受托人有法律义务为其客户的最大利益行事。

filibuster

filibuster

a long speech made in a parliament in order to delay or prevent a vote

在议会中发表的长篇演讲，以推迟或阻止投票

The senator used a filibuster to prevent a vote on the bill.

参议员使用 filibuster 来阻止对该法案进行投票。

gamete

配子

a male or female cell that joins with a cell of the opposite sex to form a zygote

与异性细胞结合形成受精卵的雄性或雌性细胞

Sperm is a type of gamete that combines with an egg to create a zygote.

精子是一种与卵子结合形成受精卵的配子。

gauche

粗俗

shy or uncomfortable when dealing with people and often saying or doing the wrong thing

与人打交道时害羞或不自在，经常说错话或做错事。

His gauche behavior made him the target of ridicule.

他粗俗的行为使他成为嘲笑的对象。

jerrymander

恶意篡改

to change the size and borders of an area for voting in order to give an unfair advantage to one party in an election

，改变投票区域的大小和边界，以便在选举中为某一政党提供不公平的优势。

The city had been jerrymandered so that the politician retained control.

城市被恶意篡改，以便政客保留控制权。

hegemony

霸权

(especially of countries) the position of being the most powerful and therefore able to control others

（尤其是国家霸权）是最强大的地位，因此能够控制其他国家。

The country's hegemony in the region allowed it to exert significant influence.

该国在该地区的霸权使其能够施加重大影响。

hemoglobin

血红蛋白

a red substance in the blood that carries oxygen and contains iron

是血液中携带氧气并含有铁的红色物质

Hemoglobin is a protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen to the body's tissues.

血红蛋白是红细胞中的一种蛋白质，可将氧气输送到身体组织。

homogeneous

同质

consisting of things or people that are all the same or all of the same type

由全部相同或同一类型的事物或人组成

The homogeneous population shared similar cultural values and beliefs.

同质人口具有相似的文化价值观和信仰。

hubris

傲慢

the fact of being too proud.

是因为过于骄傲。

His hubris prevented him from recognizing his mistakes and learning from them.

他的傲慢使他无法认识到自己的错误并从中吸取教训。

hypotenuse

斜边 直角三角形

the side opposite the right angle of a right-angled triangle

的直角的对边

The hypotenuse of a right triangle is always opposite the right angle.

直角三角形的斜边始终与直角相对。

impeach

弹劾

to charge an important public figure with a serious crime

指控一位重要公众人物犯有严重罪行

The opposition party tried to impeach the president for his alleged misconduct.

反对党试图弹劾总统，指控其行为不当。

incognito ​

隐姓埋名

in a way that prevents other people from finding out who you are

​以 防止其他人发现您是谁的方式

She went incognito to avoid being recognized by the paparazzi.

她隐姓埋名是为了避免被狗仔队认出。

incontrovertible

无可争议

​that is true and cannot be disagreed with or denied

，这是真实的，不能不同意或否认

The evidence presented in court was incontrovertible and led to a guilty verdict.

法庭上提供的证据是无可争议的，并导致有罪判决。

inculcate

灌输

to cause somebody to learn and remember ideas, moral principles, etc.

使某人学习和记住思想、道德原则等。

Parents should try to inculcate good values and behavior in their children.

父母应该努力向孩子灌输良好的价值观和行为。

infrastructure ​

基础

the basic systems and services that are necessary for a country to run smoothly

设施 ​国家平稳运行所需的基本系统和服务

The country's infrastructure needs significant  investment to support its growing population.

该国的基础设施需要大量投资来支持其不断增长的人口。

interpolate

插入

to make a remark that interrupts a conversation

一句打断对话的话

‘Excuse me!’ he interpolated.

“对不起！”他插嘴道。

irony

讽刺

the funny or strange aspect of a situation that is very different from what you expect

情况的有趣或奇怪的方面与你的预期非常不同。具有

The irony is that his mistake will actually improve the team's situation.

讽刺意味的是，他的错误实际上会改善球队的情况。

jejune

空洞

too simple

太简单

The jejune plot of the movie left her feeling disappointed.

电影的空洞情节让她感到失望。

kinetic

涉及

involving or producing movement

或产生运动的

The kinetic energy of the ball increased as it rolled down the hill.

动能 球滚下山时的动能增加。

kowtow

向

to show somebody in authority too much respect and be too willing to obey them

当权者表示过多的尊重并过于愿意服从他们

He decided to kowtow to his boss's demands to keep his job.

他决定屈服于老板的要求以保住自己的工作。

laissez faire

自由放任

the policy of allowing private businesses to develop without government control

政策，允许私营企业在没有政府控制的情况下发展

The laissez faire approach to business allows companies to operate with minimal government intervention.

自由放任的商业方式允许公司在政府干预最少的情况下运营。

lexicon

词典

all the words and phrases used in a particular language or subject

特定语言或主题中使用的所有单词和

The online dictionary has a vast lexicon of words and definitions.

短语在线词典拥有大量单词和定义词典。

loquacious

多言多

talking a lot

语

He was a loquacious speaker, often going off on tangents during his presentations.

他是一位多言多语的演讲者，在演讲中经常离题。

lugubrious

忧郁的

sad and serious

音乐

The lugubrious music added to the somber mood of the funeral.

增添了葬礼的阴沉气氛。

metamorphosis

变态

a process in which somebody or something changes completely into something different

某人或某物完全转变为不同事物的过程

The metamorphosis from caterpillar to butterfly is a remarkable transformation.

从毛毛虫到蝴蝶的变态是一个非凡的转变。

mitosis

有丝分裂

the usual process by which cells divide

细胞分裂的通常过程

During mitosis, a cell divides into two identical daughter cells.

在有丝分裂过程中，一个细胞分裂成两个相同的子细胞。

moiety

土地的 每一

a half of something

部分

Each moiety of the land was sold to different buyers.

都被卖给了不同的买家。

nanotechnology

纳米技术

the branch of technology that deals with structures that are less than 100 nanometres long

是处理长度小于 100 纳米的结构的技术分支

Nanotechnology allows us to manipulate materials on a molecular scale.

纳米技术使我们能够在分子尺度上操纵材料。

nihilism

虚无主义

the belief that life has no meaning or purpose

认为生命没有意义或目的，

Nihilism can be a depressing philosophy to embrace.

虚无主义可能是一种令人沮丧的哲学。

nomenclature

命名法

a system of naming things, especially in a branch of science

一种命名事物的系统，特别是在科学的一个分支中。

The nomenclature for this chemical compound is quite complex.

这种化合物的命名法相当复杂。

nonsectarian

无宗派

​not involving or connected with a particular religion or  religious group

​不涉及或与特定宗教或宗教团体有联系

The school was nonsectarian, welcoming students of all faiths.

这所学校是无宗派的，欢迎所有信仰的学生。

notarise

公证

if a document is notarised, it is given legal status by a notary

如果文件经过公证，则由公证人赋予其法律地位

I need to notarise this document before it can be considered official.

我需要对该文件进行公证，然后才能将其视为正式文件。

obsequious

谄媚

​trying too hard to please somebody, especially somebody who is important

的 ​太努力去取悦某人，尤其是重要的人

The obsequious waiter was always eager to please the customers.

谄媚的服务员总是渴望取悦顾客。

oligarchy

寡头政治

a form of government in which only a small group of people hold all the power

一种只有一小部分人掌握全部权力的政府形式

The oligarchy in ancient Greece was made up of the wealthiest citizens.

古希腊的寡头政治由最富有的公民组成。

omnipotent

无所不能，

having total power; able to do anything

拥有全部权力；无所不能 无所不能

An omnipotent being is one who has unlimited power and control.

的存在是指拥有无限的权力和控制权。

orthography

正字 法

the system of spelling in a language

语言中的拼写系统

Orthography refers to the correct spelling and writing of words.

正字法是指单词的正确拼写和书写。

oxidise

氧化

to remove one or more electrons from a substance

以从物质中除去一个或多个电子

Iron will oxidise when exposed to air and water.

铁暴露于空气和水时会氧化。

parable

寓言

a short story that teaches a moral or spiritual lesson

一个讲授道德或精神课程的短篇故事

The teacher used a parable about the tortoise and the hare to show the importance of perseverance.

老师用了一个关于乌龟和兔子的寓言来展示坚持不懈的重要性。

paradigm

范式

a typical example or pattern of something

某事的典型例子或模式

The new discovery changed the scientific paradigm in the field.

新发现改变了该领域的科学范式。

parameter

参数

something that decides or limits the way in which something can be done

决定或限制某件事可以完成的方式的事物

The parameter for this experiment is set at a certain temperature range.

该实验的参数设置在一定的温度范围内。

pecuniary

与金钱有关的

relating to or connected with money

金钱

The company was fined for engaging in pecuniary misconduct.

该公司因金钱不当行为而被罚款。

photosynthesis

光合作用

the process by which green plants turn carbon dioxide and water into food

绿色植物将二氧化碳和水转化为食物的过程

Plants use photosynthesis to convert sunlight into energy.

植物利用光合作用将阳光转化为能量。

plagiarise

抄袭

to copy another person’s ideas, words, or work and pretend that they are your own

抄袭他人的想法、文字或作品，并假装它们是您自己的

The student was caught trying to plagiarse their essay.

该学生因试图抄袭其论文而被捕。

plasma

血浆

the clear liquid part of blood, in which the blood cells, etc. float

血液的透明液体部分，血细胞等漂浮在其中 血浆

Plasma is also used in medical treatments to help with blood clotting.

还用于医疗，以帮助血液凝固。

polymer

聚合物

a substance consisting of large molecules that are made from combinations of small simple molecules

由简单小分子组合而成的大分子组成的物质

Many polymers, such as nylon, are artificial.

许多聚合物，例如尼龙，都是人造的。

precipitous

悬崖

very steep, high, and often dangerous

非常陡峭，很高，而且常常

The cliff was so precipitous that it was dangerous to climb.

很危险 悬崖非常陡峭，攀爬起来很危险。

quasar

类星体是

a large object like a star, that is far away and that shines very brightly

一种像恒星一样的大物体，距离很远，并且发出非常明亮的

Quasars emit intense radiation, making them visible across vast distances.

光。类星体发出强烈的辐射，使它们在很远的距离都可见。

quotidian

日常

ordinary; typical of what happens every day

平凡； 她的 日常工作

Her daily routine was quite quotidian, involving the same tasks every day.

很平常，每天都涉及相同的任务。

recapitulate

recapitulate

to repeat or give a summary of what has already been said, decided, etc.

重复或总结已经说过的话、决定的内容等。

The professor asked the student to recapitulate the main points of the lecture.

教授要求学生重述讲座的要点。

reciprocal

互惠

involving two people or groups who agree to help each other or behave in the same way to each other

涉及同意互相帮助或以相同方式对待彼此的两个人或团体。

She believed in the reciprocal nature of love, that it should be given and received equally.

她相信爱的互惠本质，应该平等地给予和接受。

reparation

赔偿

the act of giving something to somebody in order to show that you are sorry that you have caused them to suffer

向某人提供某物的行为，以表明您对给他们造成的痛苦表示歉意。

The company made a reparation to its customers for the faulty product.

公司就故障产品向其客户进行了赔偿。

respiration

respiration

the act of breathing

呼吸的行为

Respiration is the process by which living organisms  take in oxygen and release carbon dioxide.

呼吸是生物体吸收氧气并释放二氧化碳的过程。

sanguine

乐观

cheerful and confident about the future

开朗，对未来充满信心

Despite the setback, she remained sanguine and optimistic about the future.

尽管遭遇挫折，她仍然对未来充满乐观和乐观。

soliloquy

独白

a speech in a play in which a character, who is alone on the stage, speaks his or her thoughts

戏剧中的一个人物独自在舞台上说出他或她的想法

In his soliloquy, the character revealed his innermost thoughts and feelings.

在他的独白中，人物透露了他内心深处的想法和感受。

subjugate

征服

to defeat somebody or something; to gain control over somebody or something

以击败某人或某物；控制某人或某物

The invading army sought to subjugate the people and take control of the land.

入侵军队试图征服人民并控制土地。

suffragist

妇女参政主义

a person who campaigns for a group of people who do not have the right to vote in elections

者 为一群无权在选举中投票的人进行竞选活动的人 妇女

The suffragist movement fought for women's right to vote.

参政运动为争取妇女的投票权而奋斗。

supercilious

对别人表现出 傲慢的

behaving towards other people as if you think you are better than them

态度，好像你认为自己比他们更好。

His supercilious attitude made it difficult for others to work with him.

他傲慢的态度使其他人很难与他合作。

taut

拉紧

stretched tightly

绳索

The rope was pulled taut to secure the boat to the dock.

，将船固定在码头上。

taxonomy

分类学

the scientific process of classifying things

对事物进行分类的科学过程

The taxonomy of plants and animals is constantly evolving as new species are discovered.

随着新物种的发现，植物和动物的分类学不断发展。

tectonic

与地球表面结构有关的

relating to the structure of the earth’s surface

构造

Tectonic plates are large slabs of rock that make up the Earth's surface.

构造板块是构成地球表面的大块岩石。

tempestuous

充满极端情绪的

full of extreme emotions

狂风暴雨

The stormy weather created a tempestuous sea  that was difficult to navigate.

暴风雨的天气造就了一片难以航行的汹涌大海。

thermodynamics

热力学

​the science that deals with the relations between heat and other forms of energy

​处理热与其他形式能量之间关系的科学

Thermodynamics is the study of energy and its transformations.

热力学是对能量及其转化的研究。

totalitarian

极权主义

in which there is only one political party, which has complete power and control over the people

，只有一个政党，对人民拥有完全的权力和控制

A totalitarian regime has complete control over all aspects of its citizens' lives.

极权主义政权完全控制其公民生活的各个方面。

unctuous

油腔滑调地

giving praise, in a way that is not sincere, and that is therefore unpleasant

给予赞扬，但方式不真诚，因此令人不快。

His unctuous behavior made it clear he was only interested in making a sale.

他油腔滑调的行为表明他只想进行销售。

usurp

篡夺

to take somebody’s position or power without having the right to do this

某人的职位或权力，但无权这样做

The military coup attempted to usurp the government and take control of the country.

军事政变试图篡夺政府并控制国家。

vacuous

空虚

​showing no sign of intelligence, or sensitive feelings

​没有表现出智慧或敏感的感情

Her vacuous expression made it clear she wasn't paying attention.

她空虚的表情表明她没有在注意。

vehement ​

激烈

showing very strong feelings, especially anger

​表现出 非常强烈的感情，尤其

She spoke with such vehement passion that it was impossible to ignore her.

是愤怒 她说话时充满激情，让人无法忽视她。

vortex

漩涡

a mass of air, water, etc. that turns round and round very fast and pulls things into its centre

大量空气、水等快速旋转并将物体拉入其中心。

The whirlpool created by the water draining from the tub resembled a vortex.

从浴缸中排出的水形成的漩涡类似于漩涡。

waver

动摇

to be or become weak or unsteady

或变得软弱或不稳定

Her determination never wavered.

她的决心从未动摇过。

wrought

造成了 一些

caused something to happen, especially a change

事情的发生，尤其

This century wrought major changes in our society.

是本世纪给我们的社会带来了重大变化的变化。

xenophobia

仇外心理

a strong feeling of dislike, or fear of people from other countries

对其他国家的人有强烈的厌恶感或恐惧感

Many immigrants face xenophobia when they try to integrate into a new society.

许多移民在尝试融入新社会时都会面临仇外心理。

yearn

非常 渴望

to want something very much, especially when it is very difficult to get

得到某样东西，尤其是在很难得到的时候。

She yearned for children of her own.

她渴望自己的孩子。

ziggurat

金字形神

a tower with steps going up the sides, sometimes with a temple at the top

塔 两侧有台阶的塔，有时顶部有一座寺庙。

The ancient ziggurat was a towering pyramid-shaped structure used for religious ceremonies.

古代的金字形神塔是一座高耸的金字塔形结构，用于举行宗教仪式。

abate

减弱，

to become less intense or severe; to make something less intense or severe

变得不那么强烈或严重； 飓风的 强度

The hurricane's intensity began to abate as it moved further inland.

随着进一步向内陆移动而开始减弱。

abdicate

退位

to give up the position of being king, queen or emperor

放弃国王、王后或皇帝的地位

The king was forced to abdicate his throne.

国王被迫退位。

aberration

异常

a way of behaving that is not usual, and that may be unacceptable

一种不寻常的行为方式，并且可能是不可接受的

The suspect's behavior was an aberration in an otherwise peaceful neighborhood.

嫌疑人的行为在一个原本平静的社区中是一种异常行为。

abstain

戒断

to decide not to do or have something

决定不做某事或不做某事

During religious holidays, many people choose to abstain from certain foods or activities.

在宗教节日期间，许多人选择戒除某些食物或活动。

adversity

adversity

a difficult or unpleasant situation

困难或不愉快的情况

Despite facing adversity, the team was able to win the championship.

尽管面临逆境，球队还是能够赢得冠军。

aesthetic

与美和艺术以及对美丽事物的理解相关的

connected with beauty and art and the understanding of beautiful things

美学

The interior designer chose an aesthetic that was modern and minimalist.

室内设计师选择了现代和简约的美学。

amicable

友好地

done or achieved in a polite or friendly way and without arguing

以礼貌或友好的方式完成或实现，没有争吵

After their divorce, the couple managed to maintain an amicable relationship.

离婚后，夫妻俩设法保持着友好的关系。

anachronistic

不合时宜的

used to describe an idea that does not belong to the present

用来形容不属于现在的想法。

The antique watch seemed anachronistic among modern gadgets on the shelves.

古董表在货架上的现代小玩意中显得不合时宜。

arid

干旱

having little or no rain; very dry

少雨或无雨；非常干燥

The desert is known for its arid climate and sparse vegetation.

沙漠以其气候干旱和植被稀疏而闻名。

asylum

政府向离开自己国家的人提供

protection that a government gives to people who have left their own country

庇护 保护 难民在邻国获得庇护。

The refugees were granted asylum in the neighboring country.

这位亿万富翁慈善家以

benevolent

仁慈

kind, helpful and generous

、乐于助人、慷慨

The billionaire philanthropist was known for his benevolent deeds.

大方而闻名。

bias

偏见

a strong feeling in favour of or against one group of people

赞成或反对某一群体的强烈感觉

The reporter's bias was evident in his coverage of the political campaign.

记者的偏见在他对政治竞选的报道中很明显。

boisterous

喧闹

noisy and full of life and energy

喧闹，充满生机和活力

The children were being boisterous at the birthday party.

孩子们在生日聚会上热闹非凡。

brazen

厚颜无耻

open and without shame, usually about something that shocks people

、公开无耻，通常是关于令人震惊的事情

The politician's brazen lies were exposed by the media.

政客厚颜无耻的谎言被媒体揭露了。

brusque

brusque

using very few words and sounding rude

用词很少，听起来很粗鲁

The manager's brusque tone with the employees caused tension in the office.

经理对员工的粗暴语气导致办公室气氛紧张。

camaraderie

友情是

a feeling of trust among people who work or spend a lot of time together

一起工作或花费大量时间的人们之间的信任感。

The team's camaraderie was evident in their seamless collaboration.

团队的友情在他们的无缝协作中显而易见。

canny

精明的人

showing good judgement, especially in business or politics

表现出良好的判断力，尤其是在商业或政治领域

The wise investor was always canny with his money.

明智的投资者总是精明地对待他的钱。

capacious

宽敞

having a lot of space to put things in

，有足够的空间放置物品

The new house had a capacious kitchen with plenty of counter space.

新房子有一个宽敞的厨房，有足够的柜台空间。

capitulate

经过长时间的

to agree to do something that you have been refusing to do for a long time

战斗，军队终于不得不投降，投降

After a long battle, the army finally had to capitulate and surrender.

。

clairvoyant

千里眼 能够

the power to see future events or to communicate with the dead

预见未来事件或与死者沟通的能力 具有

The clairvoyant woman predicted that the missing person would be found safe.

千里眼的女人预言失踪者会安全被发现。

collaborate

合作

to work together with somebody in order to produce or achieve something

与某人合作以生产或实现某些东西

The scientists had to collaborate on the research project.

科学家们必须在研究项目上进行合作。

compassion

同情心

a strong feeling of sympathy for people or animals who are suffering

对遭受苦难的人或动物的强烈同情心

The doctor's compassion and care for his patients was evident in his bedside manner.

医生对病人的同情心和关怀在他的床边态度中显而易见。

compromise

妥协

an agreement where each side gives up some of the things they want

达成协议，双方放弃一些他们想要的东西。

The siblings compromised and shared the toy.

兄弟姐妹妥协并分享了玩具。

condescending

居高临下

​behaving as though you are more important than other people

​表现得好像你比其他人更重要

The manager's condescending attitude towards his employees was unacceptable.

经理对员工的居高临下态度是不可接受的。

conditional

有条件

depending on something

取决于某事

The team's success is conditional on everyone working together effectively.

团队的成功取决于每个人有效地合作。

conformist

墨守成规

a person who thinks in the same way as most other people

与大多数人一样思考的人

The student was a conformist who followed all of the school's rules.

该学生是墨守成规的人，遵守学校的所有规则。

conundrum

conundrum

a confusing problem or question that is very difficult to solve

令人困惑的问题或很难解决的问题

The detective was stumped by the conundrum presented by the case.

侦探被案件提出的难题难住了。

convergence

汇合

the process of moving together from different directions and meeting

从不同方向一起行驶并相遇的过程

The convergence of the two highways caused a lot of traffic.

两条高速公路的汇合造成了大量交通。

deleterious

有害的

harmful and damaging

有害的和破坏性的

The toxic chemicals in the air were deleterious to the health of the residents.

空气中的有毒化学物质对居民的健康有害。

demagogue

煽动者

a political leader who tries to win support through emotions over reason

试图通过情感而不是理性来赢得支持的政治领袖

The charismatic leader was accused of being a demagogue.

这位魅力型领导人被指控为煽动者。

diligent

勤奋

showing care and effort in your work or duties

在工作或职责中表现出关心和努力

The diligent student always completed her assignments on time.

勤奋的学生总是按时完成作业。

discredit

丑闻

to make people stop respecting somebody or something

使政客名誉扫地

The scandal discredited the politician and ruined his career.

，毁掉了他的职业生涯。

disdain

蔑视

the feeling that something is not good enough to deserve your respect

感觉某件事不够好，不值得你尊重 社交

The socialite looked down on anyone she considered beneath her with disdain.

名流轻蔑地瞧不起任何她认为不如她的人。

divergent

发散

developing or moving in different directions; becoming less similar

发展或朝不同方向发展；越来越不相似

The opinions of the two experts were divergent on the issue.

两位专家在这个问题上意见分歧。

empathy

同理心

the ability to understand another person’s feelings or experience

理解他人感受或经历的能力

The therapist's empathy and understanding helped her patients feel more comfortable.

治疗师的同理心和理解帮助她的患者感到更舒服。

emulate

效仿

to try to do something as well as somebody else

尝试做一些事情和其他人一样

The athlete tried to emulate his favorite Olympic champion.

好 运动员试图效仿他最喜欢的奥运冠军。

enervating

导致精疲力竭、疲劳或虚弱的东西使人衰弱

something that causes exhaustion, fatigue, or weakness

这种

The illness was enervating and left the patient feeling weak and exhausted.

疾病使人衰弱，使病人感到虚弱和疲惫。

ephemeral

短暂的

​lasting or used for only a short period of time

​持续或仅短暂使用

The beauty of the sunset was ephemeral, lasting only a few minutes.

日落的美丽是短暂的，仅持续几分钟。

evanescent

转瞬即逝的东西

disappearing quickly from sight or memory

很快就从视线或记忆中消失了。

The memory of his childhood home was evanescent and faded over time.

他童年时的家的记忆随着时间的推移而消失并逐渐消失。

exemplary

模范

providing a good example for people to copy

为人们复制提供了好榜样

The teacher held up the top student's exemplary work.

老师高举了优等生的模范作业。

extenuating

情有可原

showing reasons why a wrong act should be judged less seriously

表明错误行为应受到较轻判决的原因

The extenuating circumstances were taken into account during the sentencing.

量刑时考虑了情有可原的情况。

florid

华丽的

having too much decoration or detail

装饰或细节太多

The florid language of the novel was not to everyone's taste.

小说的华丽语言并不符合每个人的口味。

forbearance

忍耐 善待

the quality of being kind towards other people

他人的品质

The woman showed great forbearance in dealing with the noisy neighbors.

这位女士在与吵闹的邻居打交道时表现出了极大的忍耐。

fortitude

坚韧

courage shown by somebody who is suffering great pain

承受巨大痛苦的人所表现出的

The soldier's fortitude in battle earned him a medal of honor.

勇气 士兵在战斗中的坚韧为他赢得了荣誉勋章。

fortuitous

偶然

happening by chance, especially a lucky chance that brings a good result

发生的事情，特别是带来好结果的幸运机会。

The coincidence of meeting his childhood friend was fortuitous.

遇见儿时玩伴的巧合是偶然的。

foster

寄养

to encourage something to develop

鼓励孩子发展

The parents tried to foster a loving environment for the children.

父母努力为孩子们营造一个充满爱的环境。

fraught

充满

filled with something unpleasant

了不愉快的事情

The discussion was fraught with tension as both sides had strongly held beliefs.

讨论充满了紧张，因为双方都有坚定的信念。

frugal

节俭

using only as much money or food as is necessary

仅使用必要的金钱或食物

The frugal shopper always looked for deals and discounts.

节俭的购物者总是寻找优惠和折扣。

hackneyed

陈词滥调

used too often and therefore boring

使用得太频繁，因此很无聊

The author's use of clichés made the writing seem hackneyed.

作者使用陈词滥调使写作显得陈词滥调。

haughty

表现得 傲慢

behaving like you are better than other people

，好像你比其他人都优秀

The CEO's haughty attitude made him unpopular with his employees.

首席执行官傲慢的态度使他不受员工欢迎。

hedonist

享乐主义

a person who believes that pleasure is the most important thing in life

者认为快乐是生活中最重要的事情的人

The hedonist only cared about pleasure.

享乐主义者只关心快乐。

hypothesis

假设

an explanation based on a few known facts but that has not yet been proved

基于一些已知事实但尚未得到证实的解释

The scientist tested their hypothesis by conducting an experiment.

科学家通过进行实验来检验他们的假设。

impetuous

行事 鲁莽

​acting or done quickly and without thinking carefully about the results

，或者行动迅速，没有仔细考虑结果，

His impetuous decision led to a lot of trouble.

他鲁莽的决定导致了很多麻烦。

imputation

归咎

a statement in which you say that somebody is responsible for something

一种声明，其中你说某人应对某事负责。

He denied the imputation that he had stolen the money.

他否认了他偷了钱的归咎。

inconsequential

无关紧要的

not important or worth considering

不重要或不值得考虑

The mistake was inconsequential and did not affect the overall result.

这个错误无关紧要，不影响整体结果。 死亡是

inevitable

不可避免的

that you cannot avoid or prevent

，你无法避免或阻止

Death is inevitable, but we can still make the most of our time here.

，但我们仍然可以充分利用在这里的时间。

intrepid ​

勇敢

very brave; not afraid of danger or difficulties

​非常 勇敢； 不畏危险、不惧困难，

The intrepid explorer went into the uncharted territory.

勇敢的探险家走进了未知的领域。

intuitive

通过使用你的感觉而不是考虑事实获得的

obtained by using your feelings rather than by considering the facts

直觉

She had an intuitive feeling that something was wrong.

她有一种直觉，认为有些事情是错误的。

jubilation

欢呼

​a feeling of great happiness because of a success

​因成功而感到无比幸福

The team's victory brought about great jubilation among the fans.

球队的胜利给球迷带来了巨大的欢呼。

lobbyist

游说者

a person whose job involves trying to influence politicians or the government

其工作涉及试图影响政客或政府的

The lobbyist worked hard to convince politicians to support their cause.

人 游说者努力说服政客支持他们的事业。

longevity

长寿

long life; lasting a long time

长寿；持久

Regular exercise and a healthy diet can increase longevity.

经常锻炼和健康饮食可以延长寿命。

mundane

平凡

not interesting or exciting

无趣或令人兴奋

The work at the office was mundane and repetitive.

办公室的工作是平凡且重复的。

nonchalant

他对整个情况表现得若无其事，但内心却很

behaving in a calm and relaxed way

担心

He acted nonchalant about the whole situation, but inside he was worried.

。

opulent

用昂贵的材料建造或装饰的

made or decorated using expensive materials

华丽

The opulent palace was adorned with gold and jewels.

华丽的宫殿用黄金和珠宝装饰。

orator

演说

a person who makes formal speeches in public or is good at public speaking

家 在公共场合发表正式演讲或善于公开演讲的人

The orator gave a powerful speech that inspired the audience.

演说家发表了强有力的演讲，鼓舞了听众。

ostentatious

炫耀

showing your wealth or status in a way that is intended to impress people

以一种给别人留下深刻印象的方式展示你的财富或地位

She wore an ostentatious outfit that drew attention to herself.

她穿着炫耀的服装，引起了人们的注意。

parched

口干舌燥

very dry, especially because the weather is hot

，尤其是天气炎热，

After walking in the desert, he was parched and desperately needed water.

在沙漠中行走之后，他口干舌燥，急需水。

perfidious

背信弃义

that which cannot be trusted

的，不可信任的

The perfidious friend betrayed her trust and shared her secrets with others.

背信弃义的朋友背叛了她的信任，并与他人分享了她的秘密。

pragmatic

pragmatic

solving problems in a practical and sensible way

以实际且合理的方式解决问题 务实的

The pragmatic approach was to tackle the problem one step at a time.

方法是一次一步地解决问题。

precocious

早熟的

having developed particular abilities at a much younger age than usual

孩子在比平常年轻得多的时候就发展出了特殊的能力

The precocious child was already reading books meant for adults.

早熟的孩子已经在阅读适合成人的书籍了。

pretentious

自命不凡的

trying to appear important or intelligent in order to impress  other people

艺术家 声称

The pretentious artist claimed that their work was worth millions.

他们的作品价值数百万美元。

procrastinate

他

to delay doing something that you should do

总是拖延， 把

He always procrastinated and left things until the last minute.

事情拖到最后一刻。

prosaic

平淡无奇

ordinary and not showing any imagination

，缺乏想象力

The writing style was prosaic and lacked imagination.

文笔平淡，缺乏想象力。

prosperity

繁荣

the state of being successful, especially in making money

成功的状态，尤其是在赚钱方面。

The country's prosperity was due to a booming economy.

国家的繁荣归功于经济的蓬勃发展。

provocative

挑衅性的

intended to make people angry or upset

意图让人们生气或不安

The provocative outfit caused a lot of controversy and criticism.

挑衅性的服装引起了很多争议和批评。

prudent

谨慎

sensible and careful when you make judgements and decisions

明智，做出判断和决定时谨慎

It's always prudent to save money for emergencies.

存钱以备不时之需始终是谨慎的做法。

querulous

发牢骚的

complaining; showing that you are annoyed

抱怨；表现出你很生气

She had a querulous attitude and was never satisfied with anything.

她的态度很爱抱怨，对任何事情都不满意。

rancorous

怀有

having or showing feelings of hate and a desire to hurt other  people

或表现出仇恨情绪和伤害他人的愿望

The rancorous feud between the two families had been going on for years.

两个家庭之间的积怨已持续多年。

reclusive

隐居

living alone and avoiding other people

独居，回避他人

The reclusive writer rarely left their home and hardly ever interacted with others.

隐居作家很少离开家，也很少与他人交往。

reconciliation

和解

an end to a disagreement or conflict with somebody

结束与某人的分歧或冲突

The reconciliation between the two former enemies  was a cause for celebration.

两个前敌人之间的和解是值得庆祝的。

renovation

翻新

the act or process of repairing and painting an old building.

修复和粉刷旧建筑的行为或过程。

The renovation of the old building gave it new life and purpose.

旧建筑的改造赋予了它新的生命和目的。

restrained

克制，

to show calm control rather than emotion

表现出冷静的控制力，而不是情绪

He showed restrained anger when his classmate teased him.

激动 当同学取笑他时，他表现出克制的愤怒。

reverence

尊敬

a feeling of admiring and respecting somebody or something very much

一种非常钦佩和尊重某人或某事的感觉

The teacher was held in great reverence by all of her students.

老师受到她所有学生的极大尊敬。

sagacity

睿智

good judgement and understanding

良好的判断力和理解力

The sagacity of the wise old man was evident in his advice.

这位智慧老人的睿智在他的建议中显而易见。

scrutinise

仔细

to look at or examine somebody or something carefully

查看或检查某人或某物

She scrutinised every detail of the contract before signing it.

她在签署合同之前仔细检查了合同的每个细节。

spontaneous

自发的

not planned but done because you suddenly want to do it

不是计划好的，而是因为你突然想做而完成的

The spontaneous trip to the beach was a lot of fun.

自发的海滩之旅很有趣。

spurious

他的 虚假

false, although seeming to be real or true

说法很快 就

His spurious claim was quickly debunked by the experts.

被专家们揭穿了。

submissive

顺从

too willing to accept somebody else’s authority

太愿意接受别人的权威

The submissive employee always did what was asked of them without question.

顺从的员工总是毫无疑问地按照要求去做。

substantiate

证实

to provide information or evidence to prove that something is true

提供信息或证据来证明某件事是真实的

The evidence helped to substantiate the claims made by the witness.

证据有助于证实证人提出的主张。

subtle

微妙

not very obvious or easy to notice

不是很明显或容易注意到

The subtle hints in her speech suggested that she was not happy with the situation.

她讲话中的微妙暗示表明她对这种情况不满意。

superficial

肤浅的，

not serious or important and not having any depth of understanding or feeling

不严肃或不重要，没有任何深度的理解或感受。

The criticism was superficial and did not really matter.

批评是肤浅的，并不重要。

superfluous

多余 的

unnecessary or more than you need or want

不必要的或超出您需要或想要的

The addition of unnecessary details made the report superfluous and difficult to read.

添加不必要的细节使报告变得多余且难以阅读。

surreptitious

秘密 地

done secretly or quickly, in the hope that other people will  not notice

或迅速地进行秘密行动，希望其他人不会注意到

The surreptitious spy was able to gather valuable information.

秘密间谍能够收集有价值的信息。

tactful

tactful

careful not to say or do anything that will annoy or upset other people

小心不要说或做任何会惹恼或不安他人的

He was tactful in his approach to the sensitive topic and did not offend anyone.

事情 他在处理敏感话题时很机智，没有冒犯任何人。

tenacious

顽强

very determined

非常坚定

The tenacious athlete never gave up and always pushed himself to his limits.

顽强的运动员从不放弃，总是挑战自己的极限。

transient

生命的

continuing for only a short time

短暂 性

The transient nature of life made him appreciate every moment.

让他珍惜每一刻。

venerable

由于一个人年老、重要或聪明而值得尊敬

deserving of respect because a person is old, important, or wise.

。

The venerable professor was respected by all of her colleagues.

这位德高望重的教授受到她所有同事的尊敬。

vicissitude

变迁

a change or variation; the quality of being changeable

变化或变化；变化无常的品质

The vicissitudes of life can be challenging.

生活的变迁可能具有挑战性。

vindicate

证明

to prove that something is true or that you were right to do  something

某事是真实的或你做某事是正确的 所

The evidence presented was enough to vindicate him of the crime.

提供的证据足以证明他的罪行是正确的。

wary

与某人打交道时

careful when dealing with somebody because you think there may be danger

要 小心谨慎，因为您认为可能存在危险

She was wary of strangers and always kept her guard up.

。她对陌生人很警惕，总是保持警惕。