Basic English Grammar Course 1 | Present Simple Tense | Learn and Practice

623,665 views ใƒป 2020-10-31

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์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
Hi, everybody.
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„.
00:01
My name is Esther.
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์ œ ์ด๋ฆ„์€ ์—์Šค๋”์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:02
I'm so excited to teach you the present simple tense in today's video.
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์˜์ƒ์—์„œ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ํ˜„์žฌ์‹œ์ œ๋ฅผ ์•Œ๋ ค๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์–ด ๋งค์šฐ ๊ธฐ์ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:07
Now this lesson can be a little difficult,
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์ด์ œ ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์ด ์กฐ๊ธˆ ์–ด๋ ค์šธ ์ˆ˜
00:10
so I'll do my best to keep it easy and fun for you.
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์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์‰ฝ๊ณ  ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ์•Œ๋ ค๋“œ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์ตœ์„ ์„ ๋‹คํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:14
My goal is for you to understand how and when to use this grammar by the end of the video.
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์ œ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋Š” ๋น„๋””์˜ค๊ฐ€ ๋๋‚  ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ด ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์„ ์–ธ์ œ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:20
Let's get started.
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์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์ž.
00:24
Let's start with the first usage for the present simple tense.
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ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ์‹œ์ œ์˜ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์šฉ๋ฒ•๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:29
The first usage is pretty easy.
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฒ•์€ ๊ฝค ์‰ฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:31
We use it to talk about facts, truths, and generalizations.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ฌ์‹ค, ์ง„์‹ค, ์ผ๋ฐ˜ํ™”์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:36
Let's look at some examples.
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๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:37
โ€˜The Sun is bright.โ€™
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'ํƒœ์–‘์€ ๋ฐ๋‹ค.'
00:39
Now that's a fact.
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์ด์ œ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:41
It doesn't change.
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๋ณ€๊ฒฝ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:43
Everybody knows that the Sun is bright.
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ํƒœ์–‘์ด ๋ฐ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋‚˜ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:45
It was bright yesterday.
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์–ด์ œ๋Š” ๋ฐ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:47
It's bright today.
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์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ๋ฐ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:48
And it will be bright tomorrow.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚ด์ผ์€ ๋ฐ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:49
That makes it a fact.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:51
โ€˜Pigs don't fly.โ€™
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'๋ผ์ง€๋Š” ๋‚ ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค.'
00:53
That's also a fact.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:55
Everybody knows that pigs don't fly.
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๋ผ์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋‚ ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋‚˜ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:58
โ€˜Cats are better than dogs.โ€™
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'๊ณ ์–‘์ด๊ฐ€ ๊ฐœ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋‚ซ๋‹ค.'
01:02
Now this you may not agree with.
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์ด์ œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋™์˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:04
This is my truth.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‚˜์˜ ์ง„์‹ค์ด๋‹ค.
01:05
I'm making a generalization about cats and dogs in this example.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด ์˜ˆ์—์„œ ๊ณ ์–‘์ด์™€ ๊ฐœ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ผ๋ฐ˜ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:10
And finally, โ€˜It's cold in winter.โ€™
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ '๊ฒจ์šธ์— ์ถฅ๋‹ค'.
01:13
This really depends on where you live, but for a lot of people, or let's say for
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ณณ์— ๋‹ฌ๋ ค ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š”
01:18
most people, it is cold in the winter,
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฒจ์šธ์—๋Š” ์ถฅ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:21
so that's the truth for some people.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ผ๋ถ€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์ง„์‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:24
Now let's look back and see what verb I used in the present simple tense.
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์ด์ œ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ๋˜๋Œ์•„๋ณด๊ณ  ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ์‹œ์ œ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:30
For the first sentence, we have โ€˜isโ€™.
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—๋Š” 'is'๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:33
I use the โ€˜beโ€™ verb โ€˜isโ€™ to talk about the Sun.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ํƒœ์–‘์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ 'be' ๋™์‚ฌ 'is'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:38
In the next sentence, I use the negative of do - โ€˜do notโ€™
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ, ๋‚˜๋Š” do์˜ ๋ถ€์ •์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค - 'do not'
01:44
And you'll notice I use the contraction and put these two words together to make it โ€˜don'tโ€™.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ถ•์•ฝํ˜•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด ๋‘ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ํ•ฉ์ณ์„œ 'don't'๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:50
โ€˜Cats are better than dogs.โ€™
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'๊ณ ์–‘์ด๊ฐ€ ๊ฐœ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋‚ซ๋‹ค.'
01:53
I use the โ€˜beโ€™ verb "are" to talk about cats because โ€˜catsโ€™ is plural.
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๋‚˜๋Š” '๊ณ ์–‘์ด'๊ฐ€ ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ณ ์–‘์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ 'be' ๋™์‚ฌ "are"๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:59
And finally, it's cold and winter.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์นจ๋‚ด, ์ถฅ๊ณ  ๊ฒจ์šธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:03
Here I use the โ€˜beโ€™ verb "is" again,
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋‹ค์‹œ 'be' ๋™์‚ฌ 'is'๋ฅผ
02:06
but I use the contraction to combine โ€˜itโ€™ and โ€˜isโ€™
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์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ 'it'๊ณผ 'is'๋ฅผ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ถ•์•ฝํ˜•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ
02:10
and made โ€˜itโ€™sโ€™.
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'it's'๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:12
Let's move on to the next usage.
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๋‹ค์Œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ‘์‹œ๋‹ค.
02:16
We also use the present simple tense to talk about habits and routines.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ ์Šต๊ด€๊ณผ ์ผ๊ณผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ์‹œ์ œ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:20
So things and actions that happen regularly.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ •๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ์ผ๊ณผ ํ–‰๋™.
02:23
Letโ€™s look at the examples.
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์˜ˆ์ œ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:25
โ€˜I always eat lunch at noon.โ€™
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'๋‚˜๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ ์‹ฌ์„ ์ •์˜ค์— ๋จน๋Š”๋‹ค.'
02:28
You'll notice I use the adverb โ€˜alwaysโ€™ because I'm talking about something that I
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€
02:33
do regularly.
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์ •๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ถ€์‚ฌ 'ํ•ญ์ƒ'์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:35
What is that?
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์ €๊ฒŒ ๋ญ์—์š”?
02:36
โ€˜Eat lunch at noon.โ€™
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'์ •์˜ค์— ์ ์‹ฌ์„ ๋จน์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
02:38
So I use the present simple tense.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํ˜„์žฌ์‹œ์ œ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:40
And here I use the verb โ€˜eatโ€™.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ '๋จน๋‹ค'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:43
โ€˜I eatโ€ฆโ€™
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'๋‚˜๋Š” ๋จน๋Š”๋‹ค...'
02:45
The second example says you play games every day.
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๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์˜ˆ๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋งค์ผ ๊ฒŒ์ž„์„ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:49
Do you see the clue that helps you know that this is something that happens regularly?
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ •๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ์ผ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์„œ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
02:54
It's โ€˜every dayโ€™.
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'๋งค์ผ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:55
So it's something that happens as a routine or a habit,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ผ์ƒ์ด๋‚˜ ์Šต๊ด€์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ์ผ
02:59
so you play games.
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์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ฒŒ์ž„์„ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:01
The verb here is โ€˜playโ€™.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” '๋†€์ด'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:03
โ€˜You playโ€ฆโ€™
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'You play...'
03:04
The next example says โ€˜Seth starts work at 9:00 a.m. daily.โ€™
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๋‹ค์Œ ์˜ˆ๋Š” 'Seth๋Š” ๋งค์ผ ์˜ค์ „ 9์‹œ์— ์ผ์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:10
Again this is something that happens regularly.
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์ด๋ฒˆ์—๋„ ์ •๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:13
โ€˜Seth goes to work at 9:00 a.m.โ€™ every day.
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์„ธ์Šค๋Š” ๋งค์ผ ์˜ค์ „ 9์‹œ์— ์ถœ๊ทผํ•œ๋‹ค.
03:17
Now you'll notice I put a blue line under the โ€˜sโ€™ in โ€˜startsโ€™.
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์ด์ œ 'starts'์˜ ''์•„๋ž˜์— ํŒŒ๋ž€์ƒ‰ ์„ ์„ ๋„ฃ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:22
Can you figure out why?
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์ด์œ ๋ฅผ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
03:24
Well remember that when the subject of a sentence is โ€˜heโ€™, โ€˜sheโ€™, or โ€˜itโ€™,
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์ฃผ์–ด๊ฐ€ 'he', 'she', 'it'์ผ
03:30
we need to add an โ€˜sโ€™ or โ€˜esโ€™ to the end of the verb in the present simple tense.
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๋•Œ ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ๋์— 'es' ๋˜๋Š” 'es'๋ฅผ ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ˜•์œผ๋กœ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
03:36
Seth is a โ€˜heโ€™, so we need to add an โ€˜sโ€™.
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Seth๋Š” 'he'์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ 's'๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:40
โ€˜Seth starts work at 9:00 a.m. daily.โ€™
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'์„ธ์Šค๋Š” ๋งค์ผ ์˜ค์ „ 9์‹œ์— ์ผ์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
03:45
And the last example: โ€˜They study English every Monday.โ€™
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์˜ˆ: '๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋งค์ฃผ ์›”์š”์ผ์— ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
03:48
Again, โ€˜every Mondayโ€™ means that they do it regularly,
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, '๋งค์ฃผ ์›”์š”์ผ'์€ ์ •๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธ
03:53
and that's why we use the present simple tense.
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ํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ์‹œ์ œ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:56
โ€˜They studyโ€ฆโ€™.
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'๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•œ๋‹คโ€ฆ'.
03:58
So as a review, remember we use the present simple tense
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ณต์Šต์œผ๋กœ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
04:02
to talk about habits and routines that happen regularly.
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์ •๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ์Šต๊ด€๊ณผ ์ผ๊ณผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ์‹œ์ œ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
04:06
Let's move on.
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๊ณ„์† ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
04:08
We also use the present simple tense with non-continuous verbs.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ ๋น„์—ฐ์† ๋™์‚ฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ์‹œ์ œ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:12
These are verbs that we don't use in the continuous form,
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์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๋น„๋ก ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ง€๊ธˆ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋”๋ผ๋„
04:16
even if they're happening right now.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:18
They're also called stative verbs.
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. ์ƒํƒœ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ผ๊ณ ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:20
These are connected with thoughts, opinions, feelings, emotions, and our five senses.
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์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์ƒ๊ฐ, ์˜๊ฒฌ, ๋Š๋‚Œ, ๊ฐ์ •, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์˜ค๊ฐ(ไบ”ๆ„Ÿ)๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:27
Let's look at these examples.
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:28
โ€˜I love my mom.โ€™
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'๋‚˜๋Š” ์—„๋งˆ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘.'
04:31
The verb here is โ€˜loveโ€™.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” '์‚ฌ๋ž‘'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:33
That's an emotion, so I use the present simple tense.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฐ์ •์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ์‹œ์ œ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:36
โ€˜It smells good.โ€™
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'๋ƒ„์ƒˆ ์ข‹๋‹ค.'
04:38
โ€˜Smellโ€™ is one of the five senses, so I use the present simple tense.
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'ํ›„๊ฐ'์€ ์˜ค๊ฐ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ํ˜„์žฌ์‹œ์ œ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:44
You'll notice I underlined the โ€˜sโ€™ because remember the subject is โ€˜itโ€™.
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์ฃผ์–ด๊ฐ€ '๊ทธ๊ฒƒ'์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ''์— ๋ฐ‘์ค„์„ ์ณค์Œ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:50
โ€˜Kelly feels happy.โ€™
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'์ผˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ–‰๋ณตํ•ด.'
04:53
This is talking about a feeling.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋Š๋‚Œ์„ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:56
Again the subject here is โ€˜Kellyโ€™ which is a โ€˜sheโ€™,
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋„ ์ฃผ์–ด๋Š” '๊ทธ๋…€'์ธ '์ผˆ๋ฆฌ'
05:00
so I added an โ€˜sโ€™ to the verb.
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์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋™์‚ฌ์— ''๋ฅผ ๋ถ™์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:03
And finally, โ€˜They need help.โ€™
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ '๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋„์›€์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
05:06
We don't say, โ€˜they are needing helpโ€™ even though it's happening right now.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ง€๊ธˆ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ '๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋„์›€์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:10
โ€˜Needโ€™ is non-continuous, so we say, โ€˜they need helpโ€™,
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'Need'๋Š” ๋น„์—ฐ์†์ ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ '๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋„์›€์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ง
05:15
so remember you also use the present simple tense with non-continuous verbs,
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ํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋น„์—ฐ์† ๋™์‚ฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ์‹œ์ œ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ 
05:20
connected with thoughts, opinions, feelings, emotions, and our five senses.
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์ƒ๊ฐ, ์˜๊ฒฌ, ๊ฐ์ •, ๊ฐ์ • ๋ฐ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์˜ค๊ฐ๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
05:26
Let's move on.
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๊ณ„์† ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
05:27
Speakers occasionally use the present simple tense to talk about something that will happen
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ํ™”์ž๋Š” ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ์ผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ์‹œ์ œ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:32
in the near future.
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.
05:34
Now this can be a little confusing, but we're not using the future tense,
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์ด์ œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฏธ๋ž˜ ์‹œ์ œ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ 
05:38
we're using the present simple tense.
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ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ์‹œ์ œ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:41
It's possible to do that and it's actually common for people to do that.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:45
Again, for something that will happen in the near future.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ์žฅ๋ž˜์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ์ผ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด.
05:49
Let's look at the examples.
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์˜ˆ์ œ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:50
โ€˜I have class at 6 p.m.โ€™
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'์˜คํ›„ 6์‹œ์— ์ˆ˜์—…์ด ์žˆ์–ด์š”'
05:53
โ€˜6 p.m.โ€™ that's pretty soon, so I can say,
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'์˜คํ›„ 6์‹œ' ๊ฝค ์ด๋ฅธ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด๋ผ '์ˆ˜์—…์ด ์žˆ์–ด์š”'
05:57
'I have class.'
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๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค
05:59
- the present simple tense.
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. - ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ์‹œ์ œ.
06:00
โ€˜Lisa arrives on Sunday.โ€™
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'๋ฆฌ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ผ์š”์ผ์— ๋„์ฐฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
06:04
Again the near future, โ€˜Sundayโ€™.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ๋ฏธ๋ž˜, '์ผ์š”์ผ'.
06:07
So I use the present simple tense.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํ˜„์žฌ์‹œ์ œ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:10
I added an โ€˜sโ€™ at the end of arrive, because Lisa, the subject, is a โ€˜sheโ€™.
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์ฃผ์–ด์ธ Lisa๊ฐ€ '๊ทธ๋…€'์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋„์ฐฉ ๋์— ''๋ฅผ ๋ถ™์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:17
โ€˜We start work soon.โ€™
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'๊ณง ์ž‘์—…์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
06:19
Again, the near future, โ€˜soonโ€™,
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๋‹ค์‹œ, ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ๋ฏธ๋ž˜, '๊ณง',
06:22
so I use the present simple verb โ€˜startโ€™.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ๋™์‚ฌ '์‹œ์ž‘'์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:26
And finally, โ€˜My students come tomorrow.โ€™
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ '๋‚ด์ผ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ์˜จ๋‹ค.'
06:30
This is something that will happen in the near future,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ์žฅ๋ž˜์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ์ผ
06:33
so I use the verb โ€˜comeโ€™.
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์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋™์‚ฌ '์˜ค๋‹ค'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:36
So remember it is possible, and it is common to use the present simple tense
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค
06:42
to talk about something that will happen in the near future.
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. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ์ผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ์‹œ์ œ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:46
Let's go to the next usage.
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๋‹ค์Œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์ž.
06:48
Let's talk about a possible negative usage for the present simple tense,
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ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ์‹œ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๋ถ€์ • ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
06:52
and that is โ€˜do notโ€™ and โ€˜does notโ€™.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ 'ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค'์™€ 'ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:55
The first example says, โ€˜Mike eats bread.โ€™
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์˜ˆ๋Š” 'Mike๋Š” ๋นต์„ ๋จน์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:58
I put an โ€˜sโ€™ at the end of โ€˜eatโ€™ because the subject is Mike which is a โ€˜heโ€™.
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'๊ทธ'์ธ Mike๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ์–ด์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— 'eat' ๋์— ''๋ฅผ ๋ถ™์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:06
Now that's not a negative statement.
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์ด์ œ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๋ง์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:08
What happens when I want to turn it into a negative statement?
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๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์„ ๋•Œ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
07:11
Well I change it like this - โ€˜Mike doesn't eat bread.โ€™
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๊ธ€์Ž„, ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ‰๋‹ˆ๋‹ค - 'Mike๋Š” ๋นต์„ ๋จน์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
07:16
So you'll notice that I didn't move the โ€˜sโ€™ here, okay.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ '''๋ฅผ ์˜ฎ๊ธฐ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Œ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:20
Instead I added โ€˜doesn'tโ€™.
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๋Œ€์‹  'ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค'๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:23
I took โ€˜doesโ€™ and โ€˜notโ€™ and I turned it into a contraction by combining the two
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๋‚˜๋Š” 'ํ•˜๋‹ค'์™€ '์•ˆ๋‹ค'๋ฅผ ์ทจํ•ด์„œ ๋‘˜์„ ํ•ฉ์ณ์„œ 'ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค'๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊พธ์–ด ์ถ•์•ฝํ˜•์œผ๋กœ
07:29
and making it โ€˜doesn'tโ€™.
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๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:31
So if the subject is โ€˜heโ€™, โ€˜sheโ€™, or โ€˜itโ€™,
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ฃผ์–ด๊ฐ€ '๊ทธ', '๊ทธ๋…€' ๋˜๋Š” '๊ทธ๊ฒƒ'์ด๋ฉด
07:34
we use โ€˜does notโ€™ or โ€˜doesn'tโ€™ to make it negative.
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'ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Œ' ๋˜๋Š” 'ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Œ'์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ถ€์ •์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:38
โ€˜You swim well.โ€™
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'๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ˆ˜์˜์„ ์ž˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.' ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ฃผ์–ด
07:41
In this case, I don't need to put an โ€˜sโ€™ at the end of โ€˜swimโ€™ because the subject
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๊ฐ€ '๋„ˆ' ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— '์ˆ˜์˜' ๋์— 's'๋ฅผ ๋ถ™์ผ ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
07:45
is โ€˜youโ€™.
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.
07:47
If I want to make this sentence negative, I use โ€˜don'tโ€™.
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋ถ€์ •์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด 'don't'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:52
โ€˜You don't swim well.โ€™
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'๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ˆ˜์˜์„ ์ž˜ ๋ชปํ•ด์š”.'
07:54
I use the contraction for โ€˜doโ€™ and โ€˜notโ€™.
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๋‚˜๋Š” 'ํ•˜์ง€'์™€ 'ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค'์˜ ์ถ•์•ฝํ˜•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:57
I combine them to make โ€˜don'tโ€™,
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ•˜์—ฌ 'ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Œ'์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค
08:01
so if the subject is โ€˜Iโ€™, โ€˜youโ€™, โ€˜weโ€™, or โ€˜theyโ€™,
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๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ฃผ์–ด๊ฐ€ '๋‚˜', '๋„ˆ', '์šฐ๋ฆฌ', '๊ทธ๋“ค'์ธ
08:05
we use โ€˜do notโ€™ or โ€˜don'tโ€™.
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๊ฒฝ์šฐ 'ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Œ' ๋˜๋Š” 'ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Œ'์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:08
So to review โ€˜do notโ€™ and โ€˜does notโ€™ or โ€˜don'tโ€™ and โ€˜doesn'tโ€™
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ 'ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Œ'๊ณผ 'ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Œ' ๋˜๋Š” 'ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Œ'๊ณผ 'ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Œ'์„ ๊ฒ€ํ† 
08:14
is a possible usage for the negative for present simple
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ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ์‹œ์ œ ์˜ ๋ถ€์ •์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
08:17
tense.
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.
08:18
Let's continue on.
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๊ณ„์†ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
08:20
Now I'll talk about one possible question form for the present simple tense
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์ด์ œ ๋‚˜๋Š”
08:25
and that is by using โ€˜doโ€™ or โ€˜doesโ€™.
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'do' ๋˜๋Š” 'does'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ์‹œ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ ํ˜•์‹์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:28
So let's look at the example, โ€˜They live here.โ€™
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ '๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์‚ฐ๋‹ค'๋ผ๋Š” ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์ž.
08:32
That's not a question, right?
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์ž–์•„์š”?
08:34
'They live hereโ€™
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'์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์‚ฐ๋‹ค'
08:35
In order to turn it into a question, it's really simple.
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๋ฅผ ๋ฌผ์Œ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜์ž๋ฉด ์ •๋ง ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•˜๋‹ค.
08:39
All I have to do is add โ€˜doโ€™ to the beginning and add a question mark at the end.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์ผ์€ ์‹œ์ž‘ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์— 'do'๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋์— ๋ฌผ์Œํ‘œ๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:45
โ€˜Do they live here?โ€™
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'์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?'
08:47
So if the subject is โ€˜Iโ€™, โ€˜youโ€™, โ€˜weโ€™, or โ€˜theyโ€™,
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ฃผ์–ด๊ฐ€ '๋‚˜', '๋„ˆ', '์šฐ๋ฆฌ' ๋˜๋Š” '๊ทธ๋“ค'
08:52
simply add โ€˜doโ€™ to the beginning of the question.
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์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์˜ ์‹œ์ž‘ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์— 'do'๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋งŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:55
How about this one, โ€˜He plays soccer.โ€™
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์ด๊ฑด ์–ด๋•Œ์š”, '์ถ•๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ•ด์š”.'
08:59
In this statement, the subject is โ€˜heโ€™ and that's why you should know by now,
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ์ฃผ์–ด๋Š” '๊ทธ'์ด๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ง€๊ธˆ์ฏค ์•„์…”์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์€
09:04
I have an โ€˜sโ€™ at the end of โ€˜playโ€™.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ '๋†€์ด' ๋์— ''๊ฐ€ ๋ถ™๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:07
However, to turn this into a question, I add โ€˜doesโ€™ at the beginning.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฌธ๋ฌธ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ฒ˜์Œ์— '~ํ•˜๋‹ค'๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:13
โ€˜Does he play soccer?โ€™
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'๊ทธ๋Š” ์ถ•๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?'
09:16
What you'll notice here is that I no longer have the โ€˜sโ€™ at the end of play.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ”Œ๋ ˆ์ด ๋์— ''๊ฐ€ ๋” ์ด์ƒ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:22
Instead I just used โ€˜doesโ€™ at the beginning,
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๋Œ€์‹ ์— ์ €๋Š” ์ฒ˜์Œ์— 'does'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:25
so for โ€˜heโ€™, โ€˜sheโ€™, or โ€˜itโ€™, put โ€˜doesโ€™ at the beginning,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ 'he', 'she', 'it'์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ฒ˜์Œ์— 'does'๋ฅผ ๋ถ™์ด๊ณ  '
09:29
and don't worry about putting an โ€˜sโ€™ or โ€˜esโ€™ at the end of the verb.
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s'๋‚˜ 'es'๋ฅผ ๋ถ™์ผ ๊ฑฑ์ •์€ ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”. ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ๋.
09:35
So to review, one possible way of forming a question for the present simple tense is
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ์‹œ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€
09:41
using โ€˜doโ€™ or โ€˜doesโ€™ at the beginning.
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์ฒ˜์Œ์— 'do' ๋˜๋Š” 'does'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:44
Alright let's move on.
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์ข‹์•„, ๊ณ„์†ํ•˜์ž.
09:46
Let's start with the first checkup.
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์ ๊ฒ€๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:47
In this checkup, I want you to focus on the โ€˜beโ€™ verbs.
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์ด๋ฒˆ ์ ๊ฒ€์—์„œ๋Š” 'be' ๋™์‚ฌ์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜์‹œ๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:52
Remember โ€˜beโ€™ verbs, in the present simple tense, can be โ€˜isโ€™, โ€˜amโ€™, or โ€˜areโ€™.
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'be' ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ์‹œ์ œ์—์„œ 'is', 'am' ๋˜๋Š” 'are'๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
09:59
Take a look at the first sentence.
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋ณด์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
10:01
It says, โ€˜She _ blank _ at school.โ€™
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ '๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” _ ๊ณตํ—ˆํ•œ _ ํ•™๊ต์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:05
The subject of this sentence is โ€˜sheโ€™.
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์ฃผ์–ด๋Š” '๊ทธ๋…€'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:09
What โ€˜beโ€™ verb do we use for โ€˜sheโ€™?
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'๊ทธ๋…€'๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค '๋™์‚ฌ'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
10:12
The correct answer is โ€˜isโ€™.
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์ •๋‹ต์€ '์ด๋‹ค'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:16
Now if you were thinking of the negative, the
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์ด์ œ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
10:19
correct answer would be โ€˜she isn'tโ€™
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์ •๋‹ต์€ '๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค'
10:22
or โ€˜she is notโ€™.
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๋˜๋Š” '๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:24
That's correct as well.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋„ ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:26
And if we want to use a contraction for โ€˜she isโ€™, we can say โ€˜she's at schoolโ€™
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ 'she is'์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ถ•์•ฝํ˜•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด 'she's at school'์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
10:34
For the next one, it says, โ€˜They _ blank _ twenty years old.โ€™
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. ๋‹ค์Œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” 'They _ blank _ 20 years old.'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:39
The subject of this sentence is โ€˜theyโ€™.
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์ฃผ์–ด๋Š” '๊ทธ๋“ค'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:42
What โ€˜beโ€™ verb do we use for โ€˜theyโ€™?
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'๊ทธ๋“ค'์€ ์–ด๋–ค '๋™์‚ฌ'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
10:46
The correct answer is โ€˜areโ€™.
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์ •๋‹ต์€ '์žˆ๋‹ค'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:52
For the negative, you can also use โ€˜aren'tโ€™ or โ€˜are notโ€™.
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๋ถ€์ •์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ '์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค' ๋˜๋Š” '์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:58
Also if you want to use the contraction for โ€˜they areโ€™, you can say,
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๋˜ํ•œ 'they are'์˜ ์ถ•์•ฝํ˜•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด 'they
11:03
โ€˜They're 20 years old.โ€™
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're 20 years old' ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
11:06
The next sentence says, โ€˜His father _ blank_ busy.โ€™
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. ๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ '๊ทธ์˜ ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๋Š” _ ๊ณต๋ฐฑ_ ๋ฐ”์˜๋‹ค.'
11:11
The subject of this sentence is โ€˜his fatherโ€™.
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์ฃผ์–ด๋Š” '๊ทธ์˜ ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:15
What subject pronoun do we use for โ€˜his fatherโ€™?
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'๊ทธ์˜ ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€'๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ์ฃผ์–ด ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
11:19
The correct answer is โ€˜heโ€™.
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์ •๋‹ต์€ '๊ทธ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:22
Remember for โ€˜heโ€™, โ€˜sheโ€™, โ€˜itโ€™, the โ€˜beโ€™ verb is โ€˜isโ€™.
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'๊ทธ', '๊ทธ๋…€', '๊ทธ๊ฒƒ'์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. 'be' ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” 'is'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:29
For the negative, we can say โ€˜isn'tโ€™ or โ€˜is notโ€™.
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๋ถ€์ •์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ '~์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋‹ค' ๋˜๋Š” '~์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋‹ค'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:33
And for a contraction, for โ€˜fatherโ€™ and โ€˜isโ€™, we can say, โ€˜His father's busy.โ€™
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ถ•์•ฝํ˜•์ธ 'father'์™€ 'is'์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” '๊ทธ์˜ ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ”์˜๋‹ค'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:40
Now I want you to try to find the mistakes in this sentence.
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์ด์ œ ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:46
โ€˜We isn't good friends.โ€™
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'์šฐ๋ฆฐ ์ข‹์€ ์นœ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์•ผ.'
11:51
Did you find the mistake?
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์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์œผ์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
11:56
This is the mistake.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์‹ค์ˆ˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:57
The subject is โ€˜weโ€™ and the โ€˜beโ€™ verb is โ€˜areโ€™.
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์ฃผ์–ด๋Š” '์šฐ๋ฆฌ'์ด๊ณ  'be' ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” 'are'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:02
Therefore, the correct answer is โ€˜we are notโ€™,
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ •๋‹ต์€ '์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์•„๋‹ˆ๋‹ค'
12:06
or the contraction, โ€˜we aren't good friends.โ€™
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๋˜๋Š” '์šฐ๋ฆฐ ์ข‹์€ ์นœ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋‹ค'๋ผ๋Š” ์ถ•์•ฝํ˜•์ด๋‹ค.
12:11
The next sentence.
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ.
12:15
Can you find the mistake?
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์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
12:17
โ€˜Are John a teacher?โ€™
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'์กด์€ ๊ต์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?'
12:20
Think about the subject of this sentence.
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์ฃผ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
12:23
The subject is โ€˜Johnโ€™.
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์ฃผ์ œ๋Š” '์š”ํ•œ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:27
And โ€˜Johnโ€™, the subject pronoun is โ€˜heโ€™.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  '์กด'์€ ์ฃผ์–ด ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ '๊ทธ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:30
Therefore, we don't use โ€˜areโ€™, we use โ€˜isโ€™.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ '~์ด๋‹ค'๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ '~์ด๋‹ค'๋ฅผ ์“ด๋‹ค.
12:36
โ€˜Is John a teacher?โ€™
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'์กด์ด ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์ด์„ธ์š”?'
12:39
โ€˜Is John a teacher?โ€™
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'์กด์ด ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์ด์„ธ์š”?'
12:42
And finally, โ€˜It am a puppy.โ€™
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ '๊ฐ•์•„์ง€๋‹ค'.
12:44
hmm This one is a big mistake.
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ํ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํฐ ์‹ค์ˆ˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:48
The subject here is โ€˜itโ€™.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ์˜ ์ฃผ์ œ๋Š” '๊ทธ๊ฒƒ'์ด๋‹ค.
12:51
What โ€˜beโ€™ verb do we use for โ€˜itโ€™?
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” '๊ทธ๊ฒƒ'์— ์–ด๋–ค '๋™์‚ฌ'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
12:54
The correct answer is โ€˜isโ€™.
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์ •๋‹ต์€ '์ด๋‹ค'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:57
So we don't say, โ€˜It am a puppy,โ€™ we say, โ€˜It is a puppy.โ€™
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” '๊ฐ•์•„์ง€์•ผ'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  '๊ฐ•์•„์ง€์•ผ'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:03
Great job guys.
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์ž˜ํ–ˆ์–ด.
13:04
Let's move on to the next checkup.
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๋‹ค์Œ ์ ๊ฒ€์œผ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ‘์‹œ๋‹ค.
13:06
For the next checkup, I want you to think of some other verbs in the present simple
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๋‹ค์Œ ์ ๊ฒ€์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ์‹œ์ œ ์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋™์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
13:10
tense.
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.
13:12
Take a look at the first sentence.
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋ณด์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
13:13
โ€˜He __ blank __ โ€ฆโ€™, I want you to think of the verb, โ€˜like his dinnerโ€™.
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'He __blank __ ...', 'like his dinner'๋ผ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:19
What do we do to the verb when the subject is โ€˜heโ€™, โ€˜sheโ€™, or โ€˜itโ€™?
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์ฃผ์–ด๊ฐ€ '๊ทธ', '๊ทธ๋…€', '๊ทธ๊ฒƒ'์ผ ๋•Œ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
13:24
Remember we add an โ€˜sโ€™.
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''๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
13:26
โ€˜He likes his dinner.โ€™
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'๊ทธ์˜ ์ €๋… ์‹์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•œ๋‹ค.'
13:31
For the negative, you can also say, โ€˜He doesn't like his dinner.โ€™
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๋ถ€์ •์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ '๊ทธ๋Š” ์ €๋… ์‹์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:35
The next sentence says, โ€˜My students __ blank __โ€ฆโ€™, I want you to think of โ€˜needโ€™,
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ '๋‚ด ํ•™์ƒ __ ๊ณต๋ฐฑ __...', 'ํ•„์š”',
13:42
โ€˜โ€ฆbooksโ€™.
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'...์ฑ…'์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:44
What is the subject pronoun for โ€˜my studentsโ€™?
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'๋‚ด ํ•™์ƒ'์˜ ์ฃผ์ œ ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
13:47
The correct answer is โ€˜theyโ€™.
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์ •๋‹ต์€ '๊ทธ๋“ค'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฃผ์–ด
13:50
If the subject is โ€˜Iโ€™, โ€˜youโ€™, โ€˜weโ€™, or โ€˜theyโ€™, in the present simple tense,
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๊ฐ€ '๋‚˜', '๋„ˆ', '์šฐ๋ฆฌ', '๊ทธ๋“ค'์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ์‹œ์ œ์—์„œ๋Š”
13:56
we don't change the verb, we keep it as is.
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๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊พธ์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋‘ก๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:00
So the correct answer is, โ€˜My students need books.โ€™
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ •๋‹ต์€ '๋‚ด ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ฑ…์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:05
Now for the negative, you can say, โ€˜My students don't need books.โ€™
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์ด์ œ ๋ถ€์ •์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ '๋‚ด ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์€ ์ฑ…์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:11
The next sentence says, โ€˜I __ blank __โ€ฆโ€™, think of the verb,
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ 'I __ blank __...'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณ ,
14:16
โ€˜โ€ฆlive in London.โ€™
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'...live in London'์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
14:19
What do we do here?
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
14:21
Again the subject is โ€˜Iโ€™, therefore we don't change the verb.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ์ฃผ์–ด๋Š” '๋‚˜'์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊พธ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:25
The correct answer is, โ€˜I live in London.โ€™
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์ •๋‹ต์€ '๋‚˜๋Š” ๋Ÿฐ๋˜์— ์‚ฐ๋‹ค'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:31
What's the negative?
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๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ์ ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
14:32
โ€˜I don't live in London.โ€™
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'๋‚œ ๋Ÿฐ๋˜์— ์‚ด์ง€ ์•Š์•„.'
14:35
For the next part, I would like for you to try to find the mistake in the sentence.
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๋‹ค์Œ ํŽธ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ํ‹€๋ฆฐ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด์…จ์œผ๋ฉด ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:40
โ€˜He doesn't likes math.โ€™
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'๊ทธ๋Š” ์ˆ˜ํ•™์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„.'
14:44
What's the error here?
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์˜ค๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
14:46
Well this is a negative.
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์Œ, ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:48
โ€˜He doesn'tโ€ฆโ€™, that's correct.
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'๊ทธ๋Š” ...'์ด ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:51
However, we do not add an โ€˜sโ€™ when we have โ€˜doesn'tโ€™ in front of โ€˜itโ€™.
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๋‹จ, 'it' ์•ž์— 'dos'๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ๋Š” 's'๋ฅผ ๋ถ™์ด์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:58
โ€˜Do he eat candy?โ€™
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'๊ทธ๋Š” ์‚ฌํƒ•์„ ๋จน๋‚˜์š”?'
15:02
Here we have a question.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:04
The subject of the sentence is โ€˜heโ€™.
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์ฃผ์–ด๋Š” '๊ทธ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:08
For โ€˜heโ€™, โ€˜sheโ€™, โ€˜itโ€™, when we're making a sentence in the present simple tense,
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'๊ทธ', '๊ทธ๋…€', '๊ทธ๊ฒƒ'์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ์‹œ์ œ๋กœ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค ๋•Œ '~ํ•˜๋‹ค
15:13
we use โ€˜doesโ€™ not โ€˜doโ€™.
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'๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ '~ํ•˜๋‹ค'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:17
So the correct answer is, โ€˜Does he eat candy?โ€™
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ •๋‹ต์€ '๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌํƒ•์„ ๋จน๋‚˜์š”?'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:22
And finally, โ€˜Sam is play computer games.โ€™
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ 'Sam์€ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ๊ฒŒ์ž„์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
15:26
There are two present simple verbs here and we can't have that,
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— 2๊ฐœ์˜ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ํ˜„์žฌ ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ
15:31
so the correct way to fix this sentence is to get rid of the โ€˜isโ€™.
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์ˆ˜์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ 'is'๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:37
So take that out and say, โ€˜Sam plays computer games.โ€™
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊บผ๋‚ด์„œ 'Sam์ด ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ๊ฒŒ์ž„์„ ํ•ด์š”.'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
15:44
Add an โ€˜sโ€™ because the subject is โ€˜Samโ€™ which is a โ€˜heโ€™.
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์ฃผ์–ด๊ฐ€ '๊ทธ'์ธ '์ƒ˜'์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ''๋ฅผ ๋ถ™์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:49
Great job!
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์ž˜ ํ–ˆ์–ด!
15:51
Let's move on to the next practice.
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๋‹ค์Œ ์—ฐ์Šต์œผ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ‘์‹œ๋‹ค.
15:52
For this next practice, we're taking a look at routines.
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์ด ๋‹ค์Œ ์—ฐ์Šต์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ฃจํ‹ด์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:56
Remember the present simple tense can be used to describe events that happen regularly.
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ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ์‹œ์ œ๋Š” ์ •๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
16:02
Let's take a look at the first sentence,
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์ฒซ ๋ฌธ์žฅ
16:04
โ€˜We _ blank _ the bus every day.โ€™
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'We _blank _ bus every day' ๋ฅผ ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค
16:08
And I want you to use the verb โ€˜takeโ€™.
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. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋™์‚ฌ 'take'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์‹œ๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:11
Here we see the clue word โ€˜every dayโ€™ which shows that this is a routine.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ผ์ƒ์ž„์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์„œ '๋งค์ผ'์„ ๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:16
The subject of the sentence is โ€˜weโ€™.
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์ฃผ์–ด๋Š” '์šฐ๋ฆฌ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:20
In the present simple tense,
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ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ์‹œ์ œ ์—์„œ ์ฃผ์–ด
16:22
remember if the subject is โ€˜Iโ€™, โ€˜youโ€™, โ€˜weโ€™, or โ€˜theyโ€™,
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๊ฐ€ 'I', 'you', 'we' ๋˜๋Š” 'they'์ธ
16:27
we do not change the verb.
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๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Œ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
16:29
Therefore the correct answer is, โ€˜We take the bus every day.โ€™
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ •๋‹ต์€ '์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋งค์ผ ๋ฒ„์Šค๋ฅผ ํƒ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:37
In the second sentence it says, โ€˜He _ blank _ to school every morning.โ€™
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๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ๋Š” '๊ทธ๋Š” _ ๋นˆ _ ๋งค์ผ ์•„์นจ ํ•™๊ต์— ๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
16:42
Again a routine.
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๋˜ ๋ฃจํ‹ด.
16:44
The subject here is โ€˜heโ€™.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์ฃผ์–ด๋Š” '๊ทธ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:47
What do we do if the subject is โ€˜heโ€™, โ€˜sheโ€™, or โ€˜itโ€™?
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์ฃผ์–ด๊ฐ€ '๊ทธ', '๊ทธ๋…€', '๊ทธ๊ฒƒ'์ด๋ผ๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
16:52
We add โ€˜sโ€™ or โ€˜esโ€™ to the verb.
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๋™์‚ฌ์— ''๋‚˜ ''๋ฅผ ๋ถ™์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:55
In this example, the verb is โ€˜goโ€™, so we have to add โ€˜esโ€™.
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์ด ์˜ˆ์—์„œ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” 'go'์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ 'es'๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:01
โ€˜He goes to school every morning.โ€™
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'๊ทธ๋Š” ๋งค์ผ ์•„์นจ ํ•™๊ต์— ๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
17:06
In the next sentence, it says, โ€˜Lizzy not play (in parenthesis) tennis.โ€™
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—๋Š” '๋ฆฌ์ง€๊ฐ€ (๊ด„ํ˜ธ ์•ˆ) ํ…Œ๋‹ˆ์Šค๋ฅผ ์น˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค.
17:13
Here I want you to think about the negative form.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ํ˜•ํƒœ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:16
Lizzy is a โ€˜sheโ€™.
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๋ฆฌ์ง€๋Š” '๊ทธ๋…€'๋‹ค.
17:18
The subject pronoun is โ€˜sheโ€™ so what do we do for the negative?
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์ฃผ์–ด ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋Š” '๊ทธ๋…€'์ธ๋ฐ ๋ถ€์ •๋ฌธ์€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
17:24
We say โ€˜does notโ€™ or the contraction โ€˜doesn't play tennisโ€™.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” 'ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค' ๋˜๋Š” ์ถ•์•ฝํ˜•์œผ๋กœ 'ํ…Œ๋‹ˆ์Šค๋ฅผ ์น˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:32
We do not add an โ€˜sโ€™ or โ€˜esโ€™ to the end of the verb.
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๋™์‚ฌ ๋์— 'es'๋‚˜ 'es'๋ฅผ ๋ถ™์ด์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:36
Instead we say โ€˜doesn'tโ€™ or โ€˜does notโ€™.
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๋Œ€์‹  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” 'ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค' ๋˜๋Š” 'ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:41
Now I want you to find a mistake in the next sentence.
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์ด์ œ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์œผ์…จ์œผ๋ฉด ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:45
โ€˜They watches TV at night.โ€™
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'๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ฐค์— TV๋ฅผ ๋ณธ๋‹ค.'
17:49
Can you figure out what's wrong with the sentence?
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์— ์–ด๋–ค ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
17:52
The subject is โ€˜theyโ€™.
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์ฃผ์ œ๋Š” '๊ทธ๋“ค'์ด๋‹ค.
17:55
Therefore, remember, we do not change the verb.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊พธ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
18:00
We say โ€˜watchโ€™.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” '์‹œ๊ณ„'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:03
โ€˜They watch TV at nightโ€™.
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'๋ฐค์— TV๋ฅผ ๋ณธ๋‹ค'.
18:07
In the next sentence, or question, it says, โ€˜Does he plays soccer every week?โ€™
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด๋‚˜ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์—์„œ '๊ทธ๋Š” ๋งค์ฃผ ์ถ•๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?'
18:13
The subject of the sentence is โ€˜heโ€™.
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์ฃผ์–ด๋Š” '๊ทธ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:16
To make a sentence, putting โ€˜doesโ€™ at the beginning is okay,
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค
18:21
However, we don't put an โ€˜sโ€™ at the end of โ€˜playโ€™.
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๋•Œ ๋งจ ์•ž์— 'do'๋ฅผ ๋„ฃ์–ด๋„ ๋˜์ง€๋งŒ, 'play'์˜ ๋์— '์˜ค'๋ฅผ ๋ถ™์ด์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:26
Therefore, the correct answer is to simply say,
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ •๋‹ต์€ ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ
18:30
โ€˜Does he play soccer every week?โ€™
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'๊ทธ๋Š” ๋งค์ฃผ ์ถ•๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?' ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:35
And finally, โ€˜He always forget his book.โ€™
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ, 'ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊ทธ์˜ ์ฑ…์„ ์žŠ์–ด๋ฒ„๋ฆฐ๋‹ค.'
18:40
In this case, the subject is โ€˜heโ€™.
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ฃผ์–ด๋Š” '๊ทธ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:43
Remember, again, for he/she/it we add 's' or 'es' to the end of the verb.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. he/she/it์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋™์‚ฌ ๋์— 'es' ๋˜๋Š” 'es'๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:50
What's the verb in the sentence?
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
18:53
It's โ€˜forgetโ€™.
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'์žŠ๋‹ค'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:55
Therefore we have to say, โ€˜He always forgets his book.โ€™
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” '๊ทธ๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊ทธ์˜ ์ฑ…์„ ์žŠ์–ด๋ฒ„๋ฆฐ๋‹ค'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:02
Great job.
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์ž˜ ํ–ˆ์–ด.
19:03
Let's move on to the next practice.
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๋‹ค์Œ ์—ฐ์Šต์œผ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ‘์‹œ๋‹ค.
19:05
In this checkup, we'll take a look at how the present simple tense can be used to describe
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์ด ์ ๊ฒ€์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฏธ๋ž˜ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด ์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ์‹œ์ œ๋ฅผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณผ ๊ฒƒ
19:11
future events.
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์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:13
Take a look at the first sentence.
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋ณด์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
19:15
It says, โ€˜The airplane _ blank _ tonight.โ€™
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ '๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ _ ๊ณตํ—ˆํ•œ _ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋ฐค.'์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:19
And we're looking at the verb โ€˜leaveโ€™.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ '๋– ๋‚˜๋‹ค'๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:23
What is the subject of the sentence?
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์ฃผ์ œ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
19:25
The correct answer is โ€˜airplaneโ€™.
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์ •๋‹ต์€ '๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:29
What subject pronoun do we use for โ€˜airplaneโ€™?
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'๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ'๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ์ฃผ์–ด ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
19:32
It's โ€˜itโ€™.
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'๊ทธ๊ฒƒ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:34
Remember in the present simple tense, for โ€˜heโ€™, โ€˜sheโ€™, โ€˜itโ€™, we add an โ€˜sโ€™
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ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ์‹œ์ œ์—์„œ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. 'he', 'she', 'it'์˜
19:40
or โ€˜esโ€™ to the verb.
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๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋™์‚ฌ์— 'es' ๋˜๋Š” 'es'๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:42
The verb here is โ€˜leaveโ€™ so we simply add an โ€˜sโ€™.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” 'leave'์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ 's'๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:46
The correct answer is, โ€˜The airplane leaves tonight.โ€™
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์ •๋‹ต์€ '์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋ฐค ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ถœ๋ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:53
In the second sentence, it says, โ€˜Does the movie _blank_ soon?โ€™
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๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ๋Š” '์˜ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๊ณง _blank_์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:58
And we're using the verb โ€˜startโ€™.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ '์‹œ์ž‘'์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:01
What is the subject of this sentence?
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์ฃผ์–ด๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
20:04
Itโ€™s โ€˜movieโ€™.
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'์˜ํ™”'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:06
And what subject pronoun do we use for movie?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์˜ํ™”์— ์–ด๋–ค ์ฃผ์–ด ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
20:10
Itโ€™s โ€˜itโ€™.
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'๊ทธ๊ฒƒ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:11
So it's like saying, โ€˜Does it _ blank _ soon?โ€™
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ '๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ _ ๋น„์–ด์žˆ๋‚˜์š” _ ๊ณง?'์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:16
Well this is a question, so we already have the correct word in the front - โ€˜doesโ€™.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ ์•ž์— ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ๋‹จ์–ด์ธ 'do'๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:22
For he/she/it, when we're asking a question, we use โ€˜doesโ€™.
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he/she/it์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์งˆ๋ฌธํ•  ๋•Œ 'do'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:29
Now all we have to do is use the same verb in its base form,
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์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์ผ์€ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:35
so โ€˜Does the movie start soon?โ€™
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ '์˜ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๊ณง ์‹œ์ž‘๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?'
20:37
We do not add an โ€˜sโ€™ or โ€˜esโ€™ here.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— 'es' ๋˜๋Š” 'es'๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:42
Finally, it says, โ€˜Viki _ blank _ tomorrow.โ€™
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ '๋น„ํ‚ค_๊ณต๋ฐฑ_๋‚ด์ผ'์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ ํ˜€ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
20:46
The subject of the sentence is โ€˜Vickiโ€™.
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์ฃผ์–ด๋Š” '๋น„ํ‚ค'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:49
โ€˜Vickiโ€™ is a girl so the subject pronoun is โ€˜sheโ€™.
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'Vicki'๋Š” ์†Œ๋…€์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ฃผ์–ด ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋Š” 'she'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:55
You'll remember now that forโ€ฆ in this case, we put โ€˜worksโ€™.
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์ด์ œ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” 'works'๋ฅผ ๋„ฃ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:03
w-o-r-k-s โ€˜worksโ€™.
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'์ž‘๋™'ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:04
โ€˜Vicki works tomorrow.โ€™
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'๋น„ํ‚ค๋Š” ๋‚ด์ผ ์ผํ•ด.'
21:07
Now let's find the mistakes in the sentence below.
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์ด์ œ ์•„๋ž˜ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
21:10
โ€˜He do leave at 3:30 p.m.โ€™
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'๊ทธ๋Š” ์˜คํ›„ 3์‹œ 30๋ถ„์— ์ถœ๋ฐœํ•œ๋‹ค'
21:13
Actually there's only one mistake.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋Š” ๋‹จ ํ•˜๋‚˜.
21:17
Can you find it?
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์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
21:18
โ€˜He do leave at 3:30 p.m.โ€™
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'๊ทธ๋Š” ์˜คํ›„ 3์‹œ 30๋ถ„์— ์ถœ๋ฐœ
21:23
We do not need the โ€˜doโ€™ here.
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ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค' ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ 'ํ• '์€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:26
We only use โ€˜doโ€™ in a question or in the negative form.
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'do'๋Š” ์˜๋ฌธ๋ฌธ์ด๋‚˜ ๋ถ€์ •ํ˜•์œผ๋กœ๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:31
But also the subject is โ€˜heโ€™, so we would use โ€˜doesโ€™.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ฃผ์–ด๋„ 'he'์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ 'dos'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:35
Either way we don't need this here.
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์–ด๋Š ์ชฝ์ด๋“  ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ๋Š” ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:39
Well now we have the verb โ€˜leaveโ€™ with the subject โ€˜heโ€™.
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์ด์ œ ์ฃผ์–ด '๊ทธ'๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ '๋– ๋‚˜๋‹ค'๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฒผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:43
Do you know what to do?
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์•ผํ• ์ง€ ์•„์„ธ์š”?
21:45
We simply change this to โ€˜leavesโ€™.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์„ '๋‚˜๋ญ‡์žŽ'์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:50
Just like we did in the first sentence.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ.
21:53
โ€˜He leaves at 3:30 p.m.โ€™
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'๊ทธ๋Š” ์˜คํ›„ 3์‹œ 30๋ถ„์—
21:56
In the next sentence, โ€˜They don't start school today.โ€™
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์ถœ๋ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค' ๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ '๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ๊ฐœํ•™ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
22:01
We have a negative sentence.
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๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:04
โ€˜They don'tโ€ฆโ€™, that's correct.
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'๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ...', ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:07
โ€˜โ€ฆdo notโ€™ is correct.
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'...ํ•˜์ง€๋งˆ'๊ฐ€ ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:09
For subject pronoun โ€˜theyโ€™.
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์ฃผ์–ด ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ '๊ทธ๋“ค'์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ.
22:11
However, in the negative form, we don't have to change the main verb at all.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋ถ€์ •ํ˜•์—์„œ๋Š” โ€‹โ€‹์ฃผ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ „ํ˜€ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ€ ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:17
Therefore, all we will do is say, โ€˜They don't start school today.โ€™
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์ผ์€ '์˜ค๋Š˜ ๊ฐœํ•™ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:23
No โ€˜sโ€™.
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'๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:24
Finally, โ€˜Does we eat at noon?โ€™
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ '์ •์˜ค์— ๋จน๋‚˜์š”?'
22:30
Take a look.
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๊ตฌ๊ฒฝํ•˜๋‹ค.
22:31
What is the subject or subject pronoun in the sentence?
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ์ฃผ์–ด ๋˜๋Š” ์ฃผ์–ด ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
22:35
The correct answer is โ€˜weโ€™.
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์ •๋‹ต์€ '์šฐ๋ฆฌ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:37
Think about the question form.
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์งˆ๋ฌธ ํ˜•์‹์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
22:41
Do we say โ€˜doโ€™ or โ€˜doesโ€™ in the question form for the subject pronoun โ€˜weโ€™?
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์ฃผ์–ด ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ '์šฐ๋ฆฌ'์˜ ์˜๋ฌธ๋ฌธ์—์„œ '~ํ•˜๋‹ค' ๋˜๋Š” '~ํ•˜๋‹ค'๋ฅผ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
22:47
The correct answer is โ€˜doโ€™.
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์ •๋‹ต์€ 'ํ•˜๋‹ค'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:49
We say โ€˜doโ€™.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” 'ํ•˜๋‹ค'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:52
So the correct way to say this sentence or question is,
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด๋‚˜ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€
22:56
โ€˜Do we eat at noon?โ€™
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'์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ •์˜ค์— ๋จน๋‚˜์š”?' ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:59
Great job guys.
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์ž˜ํ–ˆ์–ด.
23:00
You're done with the practice.
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์—ฐ์Šต์ด ๋๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:01
Thank you for your hard work.
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๋…ธ๊ณ ์— ๊ฐ์‚ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:03
Let's move on.
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๊ณ„์† ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
23:04
Good job guys.
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์ž˜ํ–ˆ์–ด ์–˜๋“ค์•„
23:06
You put in a lot of practice today.
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์—ฐ์Šต ๋งŽ์ด ํ•˜์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:09
The present simple tense is not easy, and I'm really happy to see how hard you guys
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ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ์‹œ์ œ๋Š” ์‰ฝ์ง€ ์•Š์€๋ฐ, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งˆ์Šคํ„ฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
23:13
worked on mastering it.
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์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์ •๋ง ๊ธฐ์ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
23:15
Be sure to check out my other videos and thank you for watching this video.
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. ์ œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜์ƒ๋“ค๋„ ๊ผญ ํ™•์ธํ•ด์ฃผ์‹œ๊ณ  ์ด ์˜์ƒ์„ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:19
I'll see you next time.
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๋‹ค์Œ์— ๋ต™๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:20
Bye.
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์•ˆ๋…•ํžˆ ๊ณ„์„ธ์š”.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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