How I Make Learning English Grammar Fun, Natural and Convenient โ€” PODCAST

94,112 views ใƒป 2023-04-24

RealLife English


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
most people find grammar boring. Yeah? Um,ย  honestly, personally, I don't understand why,ย ย 
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์ด ์ง€๋ฃจํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‘? ์Œ, ์†”์งํžˆ, ๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ €๋Š” ์ดํ•ด๊ฐ€ ์•ˆ ๋ผ์š”, ์–ธ์–ด์˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๊ฐ€ ์Œ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๊ฐ€ ์™œ, ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด
00:04
it's so fascinating to understand,ย  you know, why, you know, the, like,ย ย 
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งค๋ ฅ์ ์ธ์ง€ ์ดํ•ด๊ฐ€ ์•ˆ ๋˜์ง€๋งŒ,
00:09
the structure of the language, but,ย  you know, maybe I'm crazy. Yeah? But
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฏธ์ณค์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‘? ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
00:14
So most people don't like studying English grammarย  because they find it boring - because it usuallyย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ง€๋ฃจํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋Š๋ผ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์˜๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ๊ณต๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:20
is, right? Well, in today's episode, Thiago, ourย  fluency coach, will tell you why he loves learningย ย 
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์ž, ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์—ํ”ผ์†Œ๋“œ์—์„œ ์œ ์ฐฝ์„ฑ ์ฝ”์น˜์ธ ํ‹ฐ์•„๊ณ ๊ฐ€ ์˜์–ด ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ํ•™์Šต์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ 
00:28
English grammar and finds it an absolutelyย  fascinating aspect of the language and how youย ย 
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์™€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์–ธ์–ด์˜ ์ ˆ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งค๋ ฅ์ ์ธ ์ธก๋ฉด๊ณผ
00:35
can learn it in a fun way. So, Thiago, let's talkย  about it. Most people simply don't like studyingย ย 
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์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์•Œ๋ ค์ค„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž, ํ‹ฐ์•„๊ณ , ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค. ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ์˜๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ๊ณต๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:05
English grammar. You, on the other hand, have toldย  me you absolutely love it. So can you tell me why?ย 
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. ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด์— ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ ˆ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ข‹์•„ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์œ ๋ฅผ ๋ง์”€ํ•ด ์ฃผ์‹œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
01:13
Yeah. Yeah, sure. Um, I love grammar.ย  I've always loved it, mainly because,ย ย 
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์‘. ๋„ค, ๋ฌผ๋ก ์ด์ฃ . ์Œ, ์ €๋Š” ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ฃผ๋กœ
01:19
um, I think I am an inquisitive type ofย  person. Um, I like to understand the whyย ย 
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์Œ, ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ํ˜ธ๊ธฐ์‹ฌ ๋งŽ์€ ์œ ํ˜•์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์Œ, ๋‚˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ์˜ ์ด์œ ๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:25
of things. So when I was learning English, Iย  remember that just learning how to say somethingย ย 
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. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ๋•Œ, ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์ง€ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•
01:31
or how to write a sentence, uh, wasn't enoughย  for me. I really wanted to understand why I wasย ย 
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์ด๋‚˜ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์“ฐ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์™œ
01:38
supposed to say it thatway or write it that way.ย  So, um, I understand that maybe not many people,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์จ์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์ •๋ง ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ, ์Œ, ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
01:44
or not everybody's wired that way, but in my case,ย  I am a person who likes to understand the why ofย ย 
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๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์ง€๋Š” ์•Š๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ ์˜ ์ด์œ ๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:52
things. So naturally, that that curiosity ofย  mine led me to study more grammar, becauseย ย 
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. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ ํ˜ธ๊ธฐ์‹ฌ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์„ ๋” ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์–ด์š”. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด
01:57
sometimes I will go, I will look at a sentenceย  and go, okay, I understand the meaning of theย ย 
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๊ฐ€๋”์€ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋ณด๊ณ  '์•Œ์•˜์–ด, ๋ฌธ์žฅ ์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ฒ ์–ด'์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:01
sentence. I understand the context. I'm supposedย  to use this sentence in, but why, why do I useย ย 
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. ๋ฌธ๋งฅ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์™œ, ์™œ
02:08
this or this word order, for example? Or why do Iย  use this auxiliary verb here? This don't, or thisย ย 
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์–ด์ˆœ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ• ๊นŒ์š”? ๋˜๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์ด ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€์š”? ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค, ๋˜๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์€
02:14
haven't, you know? So naturally that curiosity ledย  me to study grammar. But the cool thing is thatย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ ํ˜ธ๊ธฐ์‹ฌ์ด ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์„ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฉ‹์ง„ ์ ์€
02:20
as I started to study more and more grammar, Iย  started to develop this, uh, deeper understandingย ย 
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๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์„ ์ ์  ๋” ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์–ธ์–ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋” ๊นŠ์€ ์ดํ•ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ์ „์‹œํ‚ค๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:27
of the language, you know? So, uh, thatย  really, that was very beneficial to me,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ, ์–ด, ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์ •๋ง ์ €์—๊ฒŒ ๋งค์šฐ ์œ ์ตํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:32
I would say, to my learning because, um, then,ย  uh, not only was I using English in speaking it,ย ย 
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์ €๋Š” ์ œ ๋ฐฐ์›€์— ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด, ์Œ, ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์–ด, ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ์„ ๋ฟ๋งŒ
02:38
but also I knew what I was doing in the senseย  that, okay, I wanna communicate this idea. I'mย ย 
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ, ๊ทธ ์˜๋ฏธ์—์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€๋„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”, ์ €๋Š” ์ด ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:43
gonna use this structure right now, you know?ย  So, um, that is one reason I can give, you know,ย ย 
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์ง€๊ธˆ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ด ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ, ์Œ, ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋“œ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ด์œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„์‹œ
02:49
this curiosity, this, uh, need to understand why. I, I like the word you used. You said, uh,ย ย 
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๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ, ์ด ํ˜ธ๊ธฐ์‹ฌ, ์–ด, ์ด์œ ๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์–ด,
02:56
what does it mean to be wired in a particularย  way? You said you were, some people are notย ย 
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ํŠน์ •ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ? ์ผ๋ถ€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
03:00
wired in that way. What does that mean? Yeah. It's about your constitution, howย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ง์”€ํ•˜์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋ฌด์Šจ ๋œป์ด์•ผ? ์‘. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ฒด์งˆ,
03:05
your maybe how your mind or your brain processesย  information. Yeah. Maybe some people, like I said,ย ย 
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๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋งˆ์Œ์ด๋‚˜ ๋‡Œ๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์‘. ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋งํ–ˆ๋“ฏ์ด ์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
03:10
they, they don't need this. They don't needย  to understand the why of, you know, of the,ย ย 
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์–ธ์–ด์˜ ์ด์œ ๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๋‹น์‹ ์ด
03:16
of language, for example, you know, you justย  need to learn how to say what you wanna say,ย ย 
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๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ธฐ๋งŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:21
and you roll with it, that's fine. Yeah. Butย  in my case, uh, you know, I am wired a littleย ย 
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. ์‘. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š”, ์–ด, ์•Œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ, ์ €๋Š” ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:26
bit differently. I like to understand why I'mย  using the things I'm using in English, you know?ย 
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. ์˜์–ด๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์™œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„์‹œ์ฃ ?
03:32
So, so being wired in a particular wayย  is like your sort of natural way of,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํŠน์ •ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
03:36
the way that you process information and the wayย  that you do things, the way that you behave. Soย ย 
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์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹๊ณผ ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹, ํ–‰๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ผ์ข…์˜ ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ๋ฐฉ์‹๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ
03:41
yeah, it makes, makes sense in thisย  context. Absolutely. I agree. Um,ย ย 
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๋„ค, ์ด ๋งฅ๋ฝ์—์„œ ์ดํ•ด๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ „์ ์œผ๋กœ. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋™์˜ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์Œ,
03:46
I think I'm one of those people, the other typeย  that like might not always, um, think about theย ย 
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์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ ์ค‘ ํ•œ ๋ช…์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์Œ,
03:52
grammar first. I'm curious to know, like, how didย  you get to this point of realizing that this wasย ย 
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๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์„ ๋จผ์ € ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์œ ํ˜•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด
03:58
actually working? Like, this way of thinking wasย  actually benefiting you in your English learning?ย 
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”? ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์‚ฌ๊ณ  ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”?
04:04
Yeah. I started actually by studying grammar. Iย  used to have a grammar book, and, I would make itย ย 
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์‘. ์ €๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์„ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ์ฑ…์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ  ๋งค์ผ
04:10
a goal to study between 30 minutes to an hour ofย  grammar every day. And each day I would study aย ย 
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30๋ถ„์—์„œ 1์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์„ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋กœ ์‚ผ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งค์ผ
04:17
different tense or a different structure of theย  language. And then the cool thing about grammarย ย 
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‹œ์ œ๋‚˜ ์–ธ์–ด์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ฐพ์€ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ์ฑ…์˜ ๋ฉ‹์ง„ ์ ์€
04:21
books I find is that, you know, you have theย  explanation of that topic with some examples,ย ย 
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๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ•ด๋‹น ์ฃผ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์„ค๋ช…์ด ์žˆ๊ณ 
04:25
and then they tell you all the possible situationsย  you can use that kind of structure. And then afterย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ์•Œ๋ ค์ค€๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ
04:32
you study that page, you can do the exercises toย  consolidate what you just studied or read on theย ย 
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ํ•ด๋‹น ํŽ˜์ด์ง€๋ฅผ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•œ ํ›„ ๋‹ค์Œ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์—์„œ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ฝ์€ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ํ†ตํ•ฉํ•˜๋Š” ์—ฐ์Šต์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:38
next page. And the grammar book that I had alsoย  had the answer key in the back. So after that,ย ย 
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. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋˜ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ์ฑ…๋„ ๋’ค์— ์ •๋‹ต์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ ํ›„์—
04:45
I could check my work to see if I had gotten mostย  of it correctly or not, you know? So it was a,ย ย 
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์ž‘์—…์„ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์ดํ•ดํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋‚ด ์ž‘์—…์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€,
04:53
it was geared towards self-studying. Yeah. Uh, butย  then, you know, I enjoyed it because it was like,ย ย 
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๋…ํ•™์— ๋งž์ถฐ์ ธ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‘. ์–ด, ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์Œ,
05:00
um, I like to compartmentalize information too.ย  Again, going back to the way your brain is wired,ย ย 
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์ €๋„ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ด์„œ ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”. ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๋‡Œ๊ฐ€ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€์„œ
05:05
I like to compartmentalize things. Iย  think, uh, we did an episode together,ย ย 
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์ €๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ์„ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์—, ์–ด, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์—ํ”ผ์†Œ๋“œ๋ฅผ ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
05:09
Casse, where I was talking about that, rememberย  the, you, you told me about the, the puzzle,ย ย 
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Casse, ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”, ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ํผ์ฆ,
05:16
the puzzle analogy or metaphor, right? Uh,ย  my brain also works kind of like that. Like,ย ย 
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ํผ์ฆ ์œ ์ถ” ๋˜๋Š” ์€์œ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งํ–ˆ์ฃ , ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ? ์–ด, ์ œ ๋‡Œ๋„ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ โ€‹โ€‹์‹์œผ๋กœ ์ž‘๋™ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„์‹œ
05:22
you know, first I would categorize the simpleย  tenses, present, past, future. I would study themย ย 
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๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ, ๋จผ์ € ๋‹จ์ˆœ ์‹œ์ œ, ํ˜„์žฌ, ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ, ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ
05:28
and then the perfect tenses, you know, present,ย  past, future, then move on like that to moreย ย 
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ํ•˜๊ณ  ์™„๋ฃŒ ์‹œ์ œ, ํ˜„์žฌ, ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ, ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•œ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋”
05:33
complicated or complex structures. The more, theย  cool thing about grammar, I think, is that theย ย 
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๋ณต์žกํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์˜ ๋ฉ‹์ง„ ์ ์€ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•
05:39
more you understand it and practice it, the moreย  automatic speaking and writing become to you.ย ย 
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์„ ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ  ์—ฐ์Šตํ• ์ˆ˜๋ก ๋” ์ž๋™์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ์™€ ์“ฐ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:47
Um, so one metaphor I can give here is going toย  driving school, you know, learning how to drive.ย ย 
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์Œ, ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋“œ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์€์œ ๋Š” ์šด์ „ ํ•™๊ต์— ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šด์ „ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ์ฃ .
05:53
Uh, usually, you know, you go to the drivingย  school, uh, you get your driver's license, butย ย 
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์–ด, ๋ณดํ†ต ์šด์ „ ํ•™์›์— ๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๊ณ , ์šด์ „ ๋ฉดํ—ˆ์ฆ์„ ๋ฐ›์ง€๋งŒ,
06:00
you're not really completely ready yet to,ย  you know, get out there and drive. Like,ย ย 
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์•„์ง ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์•„์„œ, ๋‚˜๊ฐ€์„œ ์šด์ „ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด
06:05
you know, you don't do it so naturally yet, evenย  though you, you have just got the, the license,ย ย 
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, ๋ฉดํ—ˆ์ฆ์„ ๋•„์Œ์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์•„์ง์€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:10
you still have to think a lot about the mechanicsย  of driving, right? Like, you know, uh, you gottaย ย 
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์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์šด์ „์˜ ์—ญํ•™์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งŽ์ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ? ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์–ด,
06:15
worry about the steering wheel or the differentย  pedals, or you gotta adjust the mirrors,ย ย 
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์šด์ „๋Œ€๋‚˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํŽ˜๋‹ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ฑฐ์šธ์„ ์กฐ์ •ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:20
you know? So usually you pay attention to theseย  mechanic things first, you know, before it becomesย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์— ๋จผ์ € ์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์šธ์ด๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด
06:27
natural to you. It's okay, it's part of theย  process, but what, what what usually happens is,ย ย 
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๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์›Œ์ง€๊ธฐ ์ „์— ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์•„, ๊ณผ์ •์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€์•ผ , ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ณดํ†ต ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ์ผ์€,
06:33
um, after a while, the more you practice driving,ย  the more you, you get to that point where youย ย 
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์Œ, ์ž ์‹œ ํ›„, ์šด์ „ ์—ฐ์Šต์„ ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ํ• ์ˆ˜๋ก, ๋” ๋งŽ์ด, ๋” ์ด์ƒ
06:38
don't even think about these things anymore. You,ย  you just drive. Yeah. So it comes to a point whereย ย 
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด . ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์šด์ „๋งŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‘. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ
06:43
you drive naturally, let's say, you don't have toย  think about the mechanics of it anymore becauseย ย 
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์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ์šด์ „ํ•˜๋Š” ์ง€์ ์— ์ด๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์šด์ „์„ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์ด ํ•ด๋ดค๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋” ์ด์ƒ ์šด์ „์˜ ์—ญํ•™์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:49
you've done it so many times. So the same thingย  happens with grammar. Maybe at the beginning ofย ย 
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. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์—์„œ๋„ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ผ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:55
your journey, or if you're not so experiencedย  with English yet, you might be thinking moreย ย 
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์—ฌํ–‰์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์•„์ง ์˜์–ด์— ์ต์ˆ™ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์–ธ์–ด๋‚˜ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:00
about the language or the grammar, you know?ย  And it feels unnatural a little bit, which isย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ถ€์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ๋Š๊ปด์ ธ์•ผ ํ•  ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๋ถ€
07:05
supposed to feel unnatural. But if you keep doingย  that with time, it becomes second nature to you.ย ย 
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์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ๋Š๋‚Œ์ด ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์ง€๋‚จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ณ„์† ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ์ œ2์˜ ์ฒœ์„ฑ์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:11
And then you start using those structures orย  speaking English without even thinking aboutย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋” ์ด์ƒ ์ƒ๊ฐ์กฐ์ฐจ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์˜์–ด๋กœ ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
07:15
it anymore. Because at the end of the day, that'sย  what we all want, right? We wanna sound automatic,ย ย 
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. ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ? ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ž๋™์ ์ด๊ณ ,
07:21
effortless, confident in English, and, you know,ย  ideally not making as many mistakes. It's okayย ย 
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์ˆ˜์›”ํ•˜๊ณ , ์˜์–ด์— ์ž์‹ ๊ฐ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ , ์ด์ƒ์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋งŽ์ด ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์›ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:28
to make mistakes, that the important thing isย  communication, but also we want to communicateย ย 
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์‹ค์ˆ˜ํ•ด๋„ ๊ดœ์ฐฎ๊ณ , ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฑด ์˜์‚ฌ ์†Œํ†ต์ด์ง€๋งŒ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ• 
07:33
to the best of our abilities, yeah, without makingย  too many mistakes when we speak English, right?ย 
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์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ•œ ์ตœ์„ ์„ ๋‹คํ•ด ์˜์‚ฌ์†Œํ†ตํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๊ณ , ๊ทธ๋ž˜, ์˜์–ด๋กœ ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์ด ์‹ค์ˆ˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ , ๊ทธ์น˜?
07:38
I, I love this imagery of, of like learning toย  drive because there are so many over, you becomeย ย 
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์šด์ „์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ด ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์•„์„œ
07:44
overwhelmed. Like when you think of a car, likeย  when you first get into the car, it's like, what,ย ย 
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์••๋„ ๋‹นํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์ž๋™์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ๋•Œ, ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์ฒ˜์Œ ์ฐจ์— ํƒ”์„ ๋•Œ, ์ด๊ฒŒ ๋ญ์•ผ,
07:48
what does this do? What does that do? You know,ย  it can be overwhelming. So I think this is a, anย ย 
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์ด๊ฒŒ ๋ญํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ง€? ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋ฌด์Šจ ์†Œ์šฉ์ด์•ผ? ์••๋„๋‹นํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:53
excellent analogy, like learning to drive is,ย  it doesn't happen overnight. You really have,ย ย 
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์šด์ „์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ•˜๋ฃป๋ฐค ์‚ฌ์ด์— ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ •๋ง๋กœ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:59
it takes practice and this is exactly your point,ย  right? Like it, and I think for those of us whoย ย 
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์—ฐ์Šต์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์š”์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ? ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:04
are wired differently, I think the, the point hereย  that you're making is quite nice because it takes,ย ย 
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๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋Š”, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์š”์ ์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๊ฑธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ,
08:08
it requires effort and it requires time.ย  Um, you used the word consolidate. Uh,ย ย 
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๋…ธ๋ ฅ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๊ณ , ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ฝค ์ข‹์€ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์Œ, ํ†ตํ•ฉ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์…จ๊ตฐ์š”. ์–ด,
08:14
what does that mean? I mean, you used itย  quite earlier on, but I, I like that word.ย 
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋ฌด์Šจ ๋œป์ด์•ผ? ์ œ ๋ง์€, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ฝค ์ผ์ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์…จ์ง€๋งŒ ์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:18
Yeah. We usually use that when talking aboutย  education. And when you're learning something,ย ย 
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์‘. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ต์œก์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ๋•Œ
08:23
usually first you study the theory of it, right?ย  Let's say that studying grammar is like readingย ย 
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๋ณดํ†ต ๋จผ์ € ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ด๋ก ์„ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜์ฃ , ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ? ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์„ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์„ค๋ช…์„œ๋ฅผ ์ฝ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:29
the manual, you know, before, I don't know,ย  operating a machine or something. So it's theย ย 
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์ „์—๋Š” ์ž˜ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์กฐ์ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด
08:33
theory. Yeah. So first you read about the theory,ย  you learn the theory, but then you consolidateย ย 
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์ด๋ก ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‘. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋จผ์ € ์ด๋ก ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ฝ๊ณ , ์ด๋ก ์„ ๋ฐฐ์šด ๋‹ค์Œ,
08:38
that theory by practicing it, by doing someย  exercises, by living your English in this case,ย ย 
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์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜๊ณ , ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์—ฐ์Šต์„ ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ์˜์–ด๋กœ ์ƒํ™œํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ,
08:43
which is, you know, watching, uh, videosย  in English and trying to look for thoseย ย 
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์ฆ‰, ์•„์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ, ์–ด, ์˜์–ด๋กœ ๋œ ๋น„๋””์˜ค๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ณ ,
08:49
grammar structures you are practicing. Yeah. Soย  yeah, consolidating is the practice side of it.ย 
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์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์œผ๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‘. ์˜ˆ, ํ†ตํ•ฉ์€ ์—ฐ์Šต ์ธก๋ฉด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:56
Um, I'd like to ask you as well, like you, youย  mentioned some keywords here. You mentionedย ย 
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์Œ, ์ €๋„ ๋ฌป๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€๋ฐ, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ํ‚ค์›Œ๋“œ๋ฅผ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•˜์…จ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”. ๋‹น์‹ ์€
09:03
like it becoming automatic and it becoming, youย  know, go, going from feeling like it's sort ofย ย 
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ž๋™์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ผ์ข…์˜
09:08
mechanic to being automatic. And isn't it ironicย  because these words are also referred to car?ย ย 
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๊ธฐ๊ณ„์ ์ธ ๋Š๋‚Œ์—์„œ ์ž๋™์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋“ค์ด ์ž๋™์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋ฆฌํ‚ค๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„์ด๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
09:14
Um, these are also car words, like in the car,ย  I mean, like, it's, it's quite interesting,ย ย 
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์Œ, ์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๋˜ํ•œ car ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. in the car, ๋‚ด ๋ง์€, ๊ทธ๊ฑด, ๊ฝค ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กญ๊ณ ,
09:18
like the method. I find it quiteย  hilarious, like an automatic car.ย ย 
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๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ์š”. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ž๋™ ์ž๋™์ฐจ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๊ฝค ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:23
Anyway, so I wonder if there's moreย  about this metaphor that makes sense.ย 
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์–ด์จŒ๋“ , ์ด ์€์œ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋” ๋ง์ด ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๊ถ๊ธˆํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:30
Yeah, sure. There is, uh, one thingย  that, uh, I've noticed is that, uh,ย ย 
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๋„ค, ๋ฌผ๋ก ์ด์ฃ . ์–ด, ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์•Œ์•„์ฐจ๋ฆฐ ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š”, ์–ด, ๋‹ค์‹œ
09:35
let's go back to driving, right? Um, usuallyย  when people learn how to drive younger before 18,ย ย 
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์šด์ „์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€ ๋ณผ๊นŒ์š”? ์Œ, ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด 18์„ธ ์ด์ „์— ์šด์ „ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ๋•Œ,
09:44
like, you know, in any informal way, maybe, uh,ย  I don't know, uh, their uncle or their father,ย ย 
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๋น„๊ณต์‹์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ, ์•„๋งˆ๋„, ์–ด, ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์‚ผ์ดŒ์ด๋‚˜ ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๊ฐ€, ๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ
09:49
you know, taught them, or they just learn byย  themselves, you know. What usually happens isย ย 
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๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณค๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ์„ธ์š”. ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์€
09:54
those people, they tend to develop bad habits whenย  driving. So by the time they go to driving schoolย ย 
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๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์šด์ „ํ•  ๋•Œ ๋‚˜์œ ์Šต๊ด€์„ ๋“ค์ด๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด 18์„ธ์— ์šด์ „ ํ•™๊ต์— ๊ฐˆ ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€,
10:00
at 18, or, you know, whatever, uh, they carry withย  them these, uh, fossilized mistakes or these, uh,ย ย 
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด, ์•„์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ, ์–ด, ํ™”์„ํ™”๋œ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋‚˜
10:07
bad habits. So it becomes more difficult to breakย  those bad habits. For example, the correct way,ย ย 
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๋‚˜์œ ์Šต๊ด€์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋‚˜์œ ์Šต๊ด€์„ ๊ณ ์น˜๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋” ์–ด๋ ค์›Œ์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด,
10:12
at least here in Brazil, to drive, is bothย  hands at the wheel. Why both hands at theย ย 
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์ ์–ด๋„ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋ธŒ๋ผ์งˆ์—์„œ ์šด์ „ํ•˜๋Š” ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ์–‘์†์œผ๋กœ ์šด์ „๋Œ€๋ฅผ ์žก๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ ๋‘ ์†์œผ๋กœ
10:18
wheel? Because, you know, if you need to makeย  a quick turn, you know, like fast, you know,ย ย 
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์šด์ „๋Œ€๋ฅผ ์žก๋‚˜์š”? ์•„์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ, ๋น ๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ ์ „ํ™˜์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋น ๋ฅธ ์†๋„์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ํ•œ ์†์œผ๋กœ๋งŒ ์šด์ „ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ
10:24
you have more control of the car rather than ifย  you're just driving with one hand, you know? So,ย ย 
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๋ณด๋‹ค ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋” ์ž˜ ์ œ์–ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ,
10:31
uh, taking that to English now, I, I have metย  many students like that, Actually, I know peopleย ย 
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์–ด, ์ด์ œ ์˜์–ด๋กœ ๊ฐ€์ ธ๊ฐ€์„œ, ์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์„ ๋งŽ์ด ๋งŒ๋‚ฌ์–ด์š”. ์‚ฌ์‹ค, ์ €๋Š”
10:38
who were studying English for years already, andย  because they didn't have enough grammar work earlyย ย 
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์ด๋ฏธ ๋ช‡ ๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:45
on, or because they didn't pay much attention toย  it, they developed these, uh, fossilized mistakesย ย 
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋งŽ์€ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๊ธฐ์šธ์ด์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ, ์–ด, ํ™”์„ํ™”๋œ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
10:51
we say, these bad habits with the language,ย  which if you look at it from a communi,ย ย 
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์–ธ์–ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋‚˜์œ ์Šต๊ด€์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:57
from a communication standpoint, is okay, because,ย  you know, we can still understand what they say,ย ย 
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์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•  ์ˆ˜
11:03
but they carry with them that mistake. Let me giveย  you an example. Let's say that a learner is usedย ย 
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์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•™์Šต์ž๊ฐ€
11:10
to always saying, uh, he go to school, he go toย  school every day, he go to school every day. Thisย ย 
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ํ•ญ์ƒ '์–ด, ๊ทธ๋Š” ํ•™๊ต์— ๊ฐ„๋‹ค, ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋งค์ผ ํ•™๊ต์— ๊ฐ„๋‹ค, ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋งค์ผ ํ•™๊ต์— ๊ฐ„๋‹ค'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์ต์ˆ™ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
11:18
is, it doesn't interfere with the communication,ย  because you still understand what I'm saying,ย ย 
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€, ์˜์‚ฌ์†Œํ†ต์— ๋ฐฉํ•ด๊ฐ€ ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ โ€‹โ€‹์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:22
but the correct way is he goes, right? He goesย  to school every day. But if nobody corrects thatย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ๊ธธ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ? ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋งค์ผ ํ•™๊ต์— ๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์•„๋ฌด๋„ ๊ทธ ํ•™์Šต์ž๋ฅผ ๊ณ ์น˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—
11:28
learner, or if that learner never stops toย  study the simple present tense in this case,ย ย 
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๊ทธ ํ•™์Šต์ž๊ฐ€ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ํ˜„์žฌ ์‹œ์ œ๋ฅผ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ฉˆ์ถ”์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด,
11:32
that learner after years will get used or willย  internalize that mistake and think that it'sย ย 
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๊ทธ ํ•™์Šต์ž๋Š” ๋ช‡ ๋…„ ํ›„์— ์ต์ˆ™ํ•ด์ง€๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๋ฉดํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ 
11:39
okay. Like, you know, it's not, it's not aย  big deal. So the person is gonna keep sayingย ย 
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๊ดœ์ฐฎ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๋ณ„๊ฑฐ ์•„๋‹ˆ์—์š”. ๋ณ„๊ฑฐ ์•„๋‹ˆ์—์š”. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์˜ณ์ง€
11:44
he go to school every day, even though it's notย  correct. And then when, you know, I have classesย ย 
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์•Š์€๋ฐ๋„ ๋งค์ผ ํ•™๊ต์— ๊ฐ„๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ณ„์† ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ
11:50
with a student like that, I notice that it'sย  much harder to correct that mistake because,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ํ•™์ƒ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ํ•  ๋•Œ ๊ทธ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ์–ด๋ ต๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊นจ๋‹ฌ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
11:55
you know, the person has been making that forย  years. So it's harder to break that habit. So,ย ย 
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. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ ์Šต๊ด€์„ ๊ณ ์น˜๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋” ์–ด๋ ต์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ
12:01
um, that is one downside I would say, of notย  focusing so much on grammar too, you know,ย ย 
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์Œ, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋‹จ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์—๋„ ๊ทธ๋‹ค์ง€ ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ, ์•„์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ,
12:08
um, developing bad habits withย  the language, fossilized mistakes.ย 
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์Œ, ์–ธ์–ด์— ๋‚˜์œ โ€‹โ€‹์Šต๊ด€์„ ๊ธฐ๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ, ํ™”์„ํ™”๋œ ์‹ค์ˆ˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:12
Um, I, I was just wondering if like, everyoneย  knows what a, what fossilized means. Like I knowย ย 
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์Œ, ์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ํ™”์„ํ™”์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๊ถ๊ธˆํ•ด์„œ์š”. ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์•„๋Š”
12:17
that obviously it makes sense in context,ย  but can you explain what it means whenย ย 
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๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ฌธ๋งฅ์ƒ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ๋ง์ด ๋˜์ง€๋งŒ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์ด ํ™”์„ํ™”๋˜์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๊ทธ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ
12:21
something is fossilized? What does that mean? Uh, maybe you can help me with that definition,ย ย 
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? ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋ฌด์Šจ ๋œป์ด์•ผ? ์–ด, ๊ทธ ์ •์˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ €๋ฅผ ๋„์™€์ฃผ์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„์ง€๋„ ๋ชฐ๋ผ์š”
12:25
Casse, but I, I view (Sure.) it as, uh,ย  something that is hardened. You know,ย ย 
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. ์•„์‹œ
12:30
it's like it becomes a fossil literally.ย  Yeah. (Exactly) Like, you know, um,ย ย 
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๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ ๋ง ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ํ™”์„์ด ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‘. (์ •ํ™•ํžˆ) ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์Œ,
12:35
it's hard to break it or change it. It becomesย  like stiff. Is that correct? The definition?ย 
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๊นจ์ง€๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋ ต์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฑ๋”ฑํ•ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์ •์˜?
12:42
Yeah, yeah. Exactly. You, you mentioned fossils,ย  like we think of dinosaur bones, or you know,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜, ๊ทธ๋ž˜. ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ณต๋ฃก ๋ผˆ๋ฅผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ํ™”์„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ–ˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, ๋˜๋Š” ์•„์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ,
12:48
bones from, I don't know, ancient man. So I thinkย  when we think about these things, we can think ofย ย 
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๊ณ ๋Œ€์ธ์˜ ๋ผˆ๋ฅผ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ๋•Œ ํ™”์„์„
12:54
fossils as, you know, things from a long time agoย  that become hard, like rock. So learning grammarย ย 
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์•”์„์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋‹จ๋‹จํ•ด์ง„ ์˜ค๋ž˜ ์ „์˜ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ํ•™์Šต์€
13:00
is all about learning patterns. And you know,ย  if you think about the, you know, for example,ย ย 
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ํŒจํ„ด ํ•™์Šต์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด
13:06
verb tenses always have the same structure. Youย  just need to observe what the structure is andย ย 
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๋™์‚ฌ ์‹œ์ œ๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋™์ผํ•œ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ตฌ์กฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ•˜๊ณ 
13:12
apply it to create new sentences with it. Um, youย  know, I'd like to just share something very likeย ย 
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์ด๋ฅผ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ๋งŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์Œ, ์•„์‹œ ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ,
13:20
funny that I, I was thinking about when we spokeย  about doing this episode. I was thinking aboutย ย 
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์ €๋Š” ์ด ์—ํ”ผ์†Œ๋“œ๋ฅผ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š”
13:25
when I started learning, I don't think about it inย  English. I've actually, you know, I'm, I'm doingย ย 
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๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์˜์–ด๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ €๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค, ์•Œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ, ์ €๋Š”
13:30
my TEFL course again cuz I'll be teaching youngย  learners. And so I need to know about these kindsย ย 
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์–ด๋ฆฐ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น  ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— TEFL ๊ณผ์ •์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ข…๋ฅ˜
13:35
of, um, new ways of, of teaching grammar. Andย  there was an interesting point about, you know,ย ย 
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์˜, ์Œ, ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•Œ์•„์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:40
when you're learning your first language, youย  don't tend to, fossilized mistakes tend not toย ย 
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๋ชจ๊ตญ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ๋•Œ, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ™”์„ํ™”๋œ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋Š”
13:45
happen with your first language, it's easy. Likeย  you, you tend to realize the mistake a lot faster,ย ย 
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๋ชจ๊ตญ์–ด์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‰ฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๊นจ๋‹ซ๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ์ฃ 
13:49
right? So, as you know, I'm bilingual.ย  So with my second language this happened,ย ย 
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? ์•„์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ ์ €๋Š” ์ด์ค‘ ์–ธ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ2์™ธ๊ตญ์–ด๋กœ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:54
I notice now immediately because I became moreย  aware of it, I became, learning the secondย ย 
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๋” ์ž˜ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ฆ‰์‹œ ์•Œ์•„์ฐจ๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ 2
13:59
language became fun. And so when I think aboutย  this, uh, topic, it reminds me of how I learnedย ย 
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์™ธ๊ตญ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ์–ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ด, ์–ด, ์ฃผ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ๋•Œ ์ œ2์™ธ๊ตญ์–ด๋ฅผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ฐฐ์› ๋Š”์ง€ ์ƒ๊ฐ๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
14:06
my second language. Like with Afrikaans, it wasย  like, that became a fun exercise that I did,ย ย 
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. ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นธ์Šค์–ด์™€ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ œ๊ฐ€
14:11
um, to figure things out. Like you said, it's,ย  it's more like compartment, compartmentalizing,ย ย 
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์Œ, ์•Œ์•„๋‚ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ–ˆ๋˜ ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๋Š” ์—ฐ์Šต์ด ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋งํ–ˆ๋“ฏ์ด, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ตฌํš, ๊ตฌํšํ™”,
14:18
um, you know, these, these ideas or theseย  concepts. So I'm thinking about how,ย ย 
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์Œ, ์•„์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ, ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด ๋˜๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฐœ๋…์— ๊ฐ€๊น์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š”
14:23
um, my teachers taught that to me when I wasย  younger. Cuz of course I was in an English class,ย ย 
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์Œ, ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋ ธ์„ ๋•Œ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ์ €๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณค๋Š”์ง€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ €๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋“ค์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
14:27
but they're teaching it in fullyย  in, they're not using English,ย ย 
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์™„์ „ํžˆ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ 
14:30
they're using Afrikaans. And my parents alsoย  speak Afrikaans, but, you know, sometimes. So,ย ย 
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์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นธ์Šค์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €ํฌ ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋‹˜๋„ ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นธ์Šค์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์‹œ์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฐ€๋”์€ ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นธ์Šค์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ
14:36
um, I think about how I would teach that to, youย  know, make it fun and, and interesting for youngย ย 
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์Œ, ์–ด๋ฆฐ ํ•™์Šต์ž๋“ค์ด ์–ธ์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์ฆ๊ธธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์„ฑ์žฅํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๊ณ  ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
14:42
learners to be able to grow up thinking of theย  language as, you know, something that they canย ย 
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14:48
have fun with. And, um, yeah, exactly. Like thereย  are patterns as you've, as we've spoke, spokenย ย 
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. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ , ์Œ, ๋„ค, ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ์š”. ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋งํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ํŒจํ„ด์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
14:53
about. So let's talk a little bit more about, youย  know, it being fun. Let's, let's get into that.ย 
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. ์žฌ๋ฏธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค . ์ž, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
14:59
Yeah. You mentioned at the beginning, right,ย  Casse, that most people find grammar boring. Yeah?ย ย 
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์‘. ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์ด ์ง€๋ฃจํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  Casse, ์ฒ˜์Œ์— ๋ง์”€ํ•˜์…จ์ฃ . ์‘?
15:04
Um, honestly, personally, I don't understand why,ย  it's so fascinating to understand, you know, why,ย ย 
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์Œ, ์†”์งํžˆ ๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ดํ•ด๊ฐ€ ์•ˆ ๋ผ์š”, ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งค๋ ฅ์ ์ด์—์š”, ์•„์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ, ์™œ, ์•„์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ, ์–ธ์–ด
15:10
you know, the, like, the structure of theย  language, but, you know, maybe I'm crazy.ย ย 
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์˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ์š”, ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฏธ์ณค์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
15:13
Yeah? But, okay. Uh, but the point is, uh, it canย  be fun. Yeah? You can make it fun. So for example,ย ย 
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์‘? ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์•Œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ด, ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์š”์ ์€ ์–ด, ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‘? ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด,
15:19
let's say, um, you use movies and series toย  identify the grammar points you are studying.ย ย 
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์Œ, ์˜ํ™”์™€ ์‹œ๋ฆฌ์ฆˆ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ํฌ์ธํŠธ๋ฅผ ์‹๋ณ„ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
15:24
Yeah. So it doesn't have to be only with theย  grammar book. You can also use that with realย ย 
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์‘. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์ฑ…์—๋งŒ ์žˆ์„ ํ•„์š”๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์‹ค์ œ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด์—๋„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
15:29
media. Uh, let me give you an example here. Yeah?ย  We have a short clip from the movie The Lord ofย ย 
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. ์–ด, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‘? ์˜ํ™” ๋ฐ˜์ง€์˜ ์ œ์™•์—์„œ
15:34
the Rings, where the character Frodo tellsย  Gandolph that he feels sad for what happenedย ย 
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ํ”„๋กœ๋„๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ„๋Œํ”„์—๊ฒŒ ์ž์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ์ผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์Šฌํผํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ์งง์€ ํด๋ฆฝ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
15:39
to him. Allright? So first let's watch the clip. Tย  is here in the studio with us. He's gonna roll itย ย 
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. ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€? ๋จผ์ € ํด๋ฆฝ์„ ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค. T๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ŠคํŠœ๋””์˜ค์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š”
15:45
for us. And then I'm gonna break down one specificย  structure that we hear Frodo using here. Allright?ย 
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ตด๋ฆด ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ Frodo๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ํŠน์ • ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€?
15:54
I wish the Ring had never come to me.ย  I wish none of this had happened. Soย ย 
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๋ฐ˜์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ์˜ค์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋”๋ผ๋ฉด ์ข‹์•˜์„ ํ…๋ฐ. ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์ด ์—†์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉด ์ข‹๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ
16:02
do all who live to see such times,ย  but that is not for them to decide.ย ย 
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์‚ด์•„ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋•Œ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•  ์ผ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:07
All we have to decide is what to doย  with the time that is given to us.ย 
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์ฃผ์–ด์ง„ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ธ๊ฐ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:14
Alright. So here we hear Frodo using theย  phrase: I wish the Ring had never come to me.ย ย 
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๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” Frodo๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋“ฃ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋ฐ˜์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ์˜ค์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์œผ๋ฉด ์ข‹์•˜์„ ํ…๋ฐ.
16:21
I wish the Ring had never come to me. We can useย  this structure to express regret for something.ย ย 
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๋ฐ˜์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ์˜ค์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋”๋ผ๋ฉด ์ข‹์•˜์„ ํ…๋ฐ. ์ด ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ›„ํšŒ๋ฅผ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:27
So, um, looking at the clip here, or even ifย  you're listening, um, lemme just give you someย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ, ์Œ, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ํด๋ฆฝ์„ ๋ณด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, ๋“ฃ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋”๋ผ๋„ ์Œ, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋งฅ๋ฝ์„ ์•Œ๋ ค๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
16:33
context here. Frodo feels he's having a moment ofย  weakness. Yeah. Because you now, if you know theย ย 
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. Frodo๋Š” ์•ฝํ•ด์ง€๋Š” ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์„ ๋Š๋ผ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์‘. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ง€๊ธˆ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
16:38
story, uh, he is, um, given the responsibility atย  the beginning of the story to carry this Ring toย ย 
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, ์Œ, ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์˜ ์‹œ์ž‘ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์—์„œ ์ด ๋ฐ˜์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๋„๋ฅด๋กœ ์šด๋ฐ˜ํ•  ์ฑ…์ž„์ด ์ฃผ์–ด์กŒ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
16:45
Mordor. Yeah? And, it becomes, uh, a challengingย  journey for him at some point with many obstaclesย ย 
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. ์‘? ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€, ์–ด, ๋งŽ์€ ์žฅ์• ๋ฌผ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์–ด๋Š ์‹œ์ ์—์„œ ๊ทธ์—๊ฒŒ ๋„์ „์ ์ธ ์—ฌ์ •์ด ๋˜๊ณ ,
16:52
and, you know, um, and enemies to, to fight. Soย  he's in a moment of weakness now expressing thisย ย 
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์Œ, ์‹ธ์šธ ์ ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋Š” ์•ฝํ•œ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์— ์ง€๊ธˆ ์ด ํ›„ํšŒ๋ฅผ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:58
regret, this feeling of, Oh, I wish the Ring hadย  never come to me. The structure here is I wishย ย 
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์•„, ๋ฐ˜์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ์˜ค์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋”๋ผ๋ฉด ์ข‹์•˜์„ ํ…๋ฐ. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋Š” I wish
17:06
plus past perfect, okay? Which is had orย  hadn't plus past participle. So for example,ย ย 
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+ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์™„๋ฃŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•Œ๊ฒ ์ฃ ? have ๋˜๋Š” had't์™€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋ถ„์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด
17:13
imagine the situation. Imagine you go on a tripย  and you bring your old laptop on this trip,ย ย 
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์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ์ƒ์ƒํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ์—ฌํ–‰์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฉด์„œ ์ด๋ฒˆ ์—ฌํ–‰์— ์˜ค๋ž˜๋œ ๋…ธํŠธ๋ถ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ๊ฐ”๋Š”๋ฐ ์—ฌํ–‰
17:19
but then your laptop stops working during theย  trip. And then I go, ah, my laptop broke becauseย ย 
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์ค‘์— ๋…ธํŠธ๋ถ์ด ์ž‘๋™์„ ๋ฉˆ์ถ˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ์ƒํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š” . ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๊ณ  ๋‚˜์„œ ์•„, ๋‚ด ๋…ธํŠธ๋ถ์ด
17:27
it was too old. Okay? That's the situation.ย  Now, let me express some regret about this.ย ย 
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋‚ก์•„์„œ ๋ง๊ฐ€์กŒ์–ด. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ์ด ์ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ์œ ๊ฐ์„ ํ‘œ๋ช…ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:33
I wish I had bought a new laptop before traveling.ย  You see, I wish I had bought a new laptop beforeย ย 
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์—ฌํ–‰ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ์ƒˆ ๋…ธํŠธ๋ถ์„ ์ƒ€๋”๋ผ๋ฉด ์ข‹์•˜์„ ํ…๋ฐ. ์—ฌํ–‰ ์ „์— ์ƒˆ ๋…ธํŠธ๋ถ์„ ์ƒ€๋”๋ผ๋ฉด ์ข‹์•˜์„ ํ…๋ฐ
17:43
traveling, because now I can't use it. Yeah? Andย  it's the same structure we see here Frodo using:ย ย 
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์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‘? ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ํ”„๋กœ๋„๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:50
I wish the Ring had never come to me, but youย  see, I mean, one thing that I find fascinating,ย ย 
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๋ฐ˜์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ์˜ค์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์œผ๋ฉด ์ข‹์•˜์„ ํ…๋ฐ, ์ œ ๋ง์€, ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š”
17:57
Casse, about grammar is that is because, youย  know, grammar gives you the tools actually toย ย 
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Casse, ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:03
communicate these more complex ideas. Because, youย  know, maybe you wanna communicate a very specificย ย 
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๋” ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋„๊ตฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ ๋งค์šฐ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
18:09
idea, like, in this case, I wanna express thisย  regret about something that happened in the past,ย ย 
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. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ์ผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ํ›„ํšŒ๋ฅผ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€๋งŒ
18:13
but I don't know how to do it. So by studyingย  a little bit of the grammar of it, learning theย ย 
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์•ผํ• ์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์„ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ณ 
18:19
structure, it's like you're gonna increase orย  improve your repertoire, right? Your languageย ย 
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๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋ฉด ๋ ˆํผํ† ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋Š˜๋ฆฌ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ฃ ? ๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ์–ธ์–ด
18:24
repertoire. Yeah? And then, uh, you will be ableย  to communicate, uh, more things, you know? And,ย ย 
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๋ ˆํผํ† ๋ฆฌ. ์‘? ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚˜์„œ, ์–ด, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์–ด, ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์†Œํ†ตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
18:32
um, I've had students like that, like, you know,ย  sometimes they wanna communicate more complexย ย 
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์Œ, ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ์•„์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ, ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋” ๋ณต์žกํ•œ
18:36
ideas or different ideas, but they don't have the,ย  the structure, the knowledge of the structuresย ย 
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์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋‚˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ตฌ์กฐ, ๊ตฌ์กฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ง€์‹์ด
18:42
in place yet. So, you know, they try to, youย  know, speak in a certain way and we try toย ย 
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์•„์ง ์ œ์ž๋ฆฌ์— ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํŠน์ •ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋งํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
18:48
understand them. Yeah? But you know, that's, Iย  think, um, you know, an example of the importanceย ย 
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๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‘? ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์•„์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์Œ,
18:55
of studying a little bit of grammar, adding aย  little bit of grammar to your routine as well.ย 
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์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์„ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ผ์ƒ์— ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์˜ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์˜ˆ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:00
I agree with you. I think it's, it's, it's theย  foundation. It's the building blocks. Like you,ย ย 
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๋™์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚ด ์ƒ๊ฐ์— ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋นŒ๋”ฉ ๋ธ”๋ก์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ 
19:05
like you mentioned, when you know where to placeย  the bricks, you are able to do more. You're ableย ย 
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์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ธŒ๋ฆญ์„ ๋†“์„ ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ์•Œ๋ฉด ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์ผ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:11
to build a house. Imagine. Yeah. I think it's,ย  that's a nice analogy. You could think of a wall.ย ย 
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์ง‘์„ ์ง€์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ƒ์ƒํ•˜๋‹ค. ์‘. ์ข‹์€ ๋น„์œ ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒฝ์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:14
You have lots of bricks. You have, (Yeah.)ย  you can, (Yeah.) if you place them randomly,ย ย 
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋งŽ์€ ๋ฒฝ๋Œ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. (์˜ˆ.) ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. (์˜ˆ.) ๋ฌด์ž‘์œ„๋กœ ๋ฐฐ์น˜ํ•˜๋ฉด
19:19
you're not gonna build anything . Butย  if you place them in the correct order,ย ย 
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์•„๋ฌด๊ฒƒ๋„ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ์ˆœ์„œ๋กœ ๋ฐฐ์น˜ํ•˜๋ฉด
19:22
you're gonna build a house, you're gonnaย  build a castle, a wall, something useful.ย 
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์ง‘์„ ์ง“๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ณ , ์„ฑ, ๋ฒฝ, ์œ ์šฉํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ง€์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:26
So, Casse, could you share some examples nowย  in the negative form from the structure weย ย 
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Casse, ์ด์ œ ๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ๋ณธ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์˜ ๋„ค๊ฑฐํ‹ฐ๋ธŒ ํ˜•์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•ด ์ฃผ์‹œ๊ฒ ์–ด์š”
19:31
just saw? I wish plus pass participle,ย  or actually I wish plus past perfect.ย 
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? I wish ๋”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋ถ„์‚ฌ ๋ถ„์‚ฌ, ๋˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค I wish ๋”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์™„๋ฃŒ.
19:36
Yeah. So if we use it in the negative, weย  would say, I wish I hadn't. I wish I had not,ย ย 
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์‘. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ์˜๋ฏธ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์œผ๋ฉด ์ข‹์•˜์„ ํ…๋ฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์œผ๋ฉด ์ข‹์•˜์„ ํ…๋ฐ, ์–ด์ฉŒ๊ตฌ
19:43
blah, blah, blah. So an example would be, I wishย  I hadn't skipped the gym yesterday because nowย ย 
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์ €์ฉŒ๊ตฌ. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค๋ฉด, ๋‚˜๋Š” ์–ด์ œ ํ—ฌ์Šค์žฅ์„ ๊ฑฐ๋ฅด์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋”๋ผ๋ฉด ์ข‹์•˜์„ ํ…๋ฐ ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ง€๊ธˆ์€
19:49
I feel icky. Or I wish I had not stayed up allย  night watching TV because now I'm really tired. Soย ย 
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๊ธฐ๋ถ„์ด ์ข‹์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜๋Š” ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์ •๋ง ํ”ผ๊ณคํ•ด์„œ ๋ฐค์ƒˆ๋„๋ก TV๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋”๋ผ๋ฉด ์ข‹์•˜์„ ํ…๋ฐ์š”. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ
19:59
yeah, you can use it in that way. I think it'sย  exactly the same. So in each of these examples,ย ย 
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๋„ค, ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ์˜ˆ์—์„œ ์ „์—
20:04
I'm expressing regret, as you mentionedย  before, um, about something that I didย ย 
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๋ง์”€ํ•˜์‹  ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์Œ, ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ํ•œ ์ผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์œ ๊ฐ์„ ํ‘œ๋ช…ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
20:10
in the past. So as you can see as well, like Iย  wish I hadn't, is basically showing remorse forย ย 
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. ๋ณด์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ, ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์œผ๋ฉด ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ
20:21
an action that you had done in, in that particularย  situation. So like, all this talk about grammar,ย ย 
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๊ทธ ํŠน์ • ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ํ•œ ํ–‰๋™์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ํ›„ํšŒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋Š”
20:28
like, reminds me that, you know, if youย  want to improve in this area, I guess theย ย 
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์ด ๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ ํ–ฅ์ƒํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด
20:34
only thing you can do is to practice it. Theย  only way you're gonna get better at it is toย ย 
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ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์œ ์ผํ•œ ์ผ์€ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž„์„ ์ƒ๊ธฐ์‹œ์ผœ ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋” ์ž˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์œ ์ผํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€
20:38
practice it. And what better way to do that thanย  to find a speaking partner to do that with. Um,ย ย 
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์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ•  ๋Œ€ํ™” ์ƒ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ์ข‹์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”? ์Œ,
20:45
and you mentioned earlier on that you did it for,ย  you did it basically on a consistent basis, andย ย 
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์•ž์„œ ๋ง์”€ํ•˜์…จ๋Š”๋ฐ, ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ผ๊ด€๋˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์…จ๊ณ ,
20:50
this is how you were able to improve your grammar.ย  And I think when you have a speaking partner,ย ย 
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์„œ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ํŒŒํŠธ๋„ˆ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด
20:55
it makes it a lot more fun. Right? So anotherย  fun thing you can do for practice is, of course,ย ย 
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ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”. ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ? ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์—ฐ์Šต์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ์€ ๋ฌผ๋ก 
21:01
to use this podcast to identify new grammarย  points in the conversation that we are having.
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์ด ํŒŸ์บ์ŠคํŠธ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋Œ€ํ™”์—์„œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ํฌ์ธํŠธ๋ฅผ ์‹๋ณ„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:10
Allright, so let's move onย  to this week's big challenge.ย 
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์ž, ์ด์ œ ์ด๋ฒˆ ์ฃผ์˜ ํฐ ๋„์ „์œผ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ€๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:09
You know, there is a saying that goes,ย  practice makes perfect, but I don't thinkย ย 
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์•„์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ ์—ฐ์Šต์ด ์™„๋ฒฝ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ ๋‹ค๋Š” ์†๋‹ด์ด ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์ €๋Š”
22:14
that's absolutely true. But one thing I doย  know is that practice makes it automatic.ย ย 
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์•„๋Š” ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ์—ฐ์Šต์ด ์ž๋™์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:20
You know? So the more you practiceย  something, the more automatic orย ย 
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์•Œ์ž–์•„? ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ์—ฐ์Šตํ• ์ˆ˜๋ก ๋” ์ž๋™์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋˜๋Š”
22:24
second nature it becomes to you. So you canย  start practicing right now. The question is,ย ย 
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๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์ฒœ์„ฑ์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์—ฐ์Šต์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์งˆ๋ฌธ์€
22:29
what is one interesting grammatical structure thatย  you've noticed us using in this podcast today?ย ย 
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ด ํŒŸ์บ์ŠคํŠธ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ๊ตฌ์กฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋™์ผํ•œ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ
22:36
Write a sentence in the comments using theย  same grammatical structure, or you can justย ย 
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์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋Œ“๊ธ€์— ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
22:41
send us an email at [email protected].ย  So, for example, let's say that, uh, you'veย ย 
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[email protected]์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋ฉ”์ผ์„ ๋ณด๋‚ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์–ด, ์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋Œ€ํ™” ์ค‘์—
22:48
noticed that Casse or myself use the presentย  perfect, yeah, during this, uh, conversationย ย 
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Casse๋‚˜ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฃŒ ์‹œ์ œ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:54
today - create a present perfect sentence andย  share it in the comment section below, or send usย ย 
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ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฃŒ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ์•„๋ž˜ ๋Œ“๊ธ€ ์„น์…˜์— ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ณด๋‚ด์„ธ์š”. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ
22:59
an email. Yeah? So that's a great way for you toย  practice new grammar structures you're learning.ย 
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์ด๋ฉ”์ผ. ์‘? ํ•™์Šต ์ค‘์ธ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ข‹์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:04
Yeah. So that's it. I, I think that you areย  always so inspiring, Thiago, when you talk about,ย ย 
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์‘. ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค์•ผ. ์ €๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด
23:11
you know, grammar and your journey, and Iย  think everything you've shared today wasย ย 
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๋ฌธ๋ฒ•๊ณผ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์—ฌ์ •์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ์˜๊ฐ์„ ์ค€๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ณต์œ ํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฐ€์น˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
23:15
valuable. Even if you're not, you know, wiredย  that way like me, I think thinking of it as aย ย 
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. ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋‚˜์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š๋”๋ผ๋„, ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ž๋™์ฐจ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐ
23:22
car and thinking of the metaphorical, youย  know, thinking of like going from being,ย ย 
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ํ•˜๊ณ  ์€์œ ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ, ๋‹น์‹ ์€, ์กด์žฌ์—์„œ,
23:27
um, you know, boring, like, ugh, I have to learnย  this step. I have to learn this rule to it beingย ย 
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์Œ, ์•Œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ, ์ง€๋ฃจํ•œ, ์–ด, ugh , ์ด ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์›Œ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด ๊ทœ์น™์„ ๋ฐฐ์›Œ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:31
like, yeah, you know, I'm gonna, I'm gonna doย  this and I'm gonna become like a automatic driver.ย 
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์˜ˆ, ์•Œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ, ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ž๋™ ์šด์ „ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:38
Yeah. Casse, thank you for that. And I do believeย  in that saying that goes, Success leaves clues,ย ย 
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์‘. ์นด์„ธ, ๊ณ ๋งˆ์›Œ. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ์„ฑ๊ณต์ด ๋‹จ์„œ๋ฅผ ๋‚จ๊ธด๋‹ค๋Š” ์†๋‹ด์„ ๋ฏฟ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:43
right? Success leaves clues. So, uh, I've beenย  reading some of the comments here on YouTube, andย ย 
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๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์„ฑ๊ณต์€ ๋‹จ์„œ๋ฅผ ๋‚จ๊น๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ, ์–ด, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ YouTube์—์„œ ๋Œ“๊ธ€ ์ค‘ ์ผ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์ฝ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
23:50
it's wonderful to see how many people, uh, thatย  relate to my journey with English, to my story,ย ย 
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์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด, ์–ด, ์ œ ์˜์–ด ์—ฌ์ •, ์ œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์— ๊ณต๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ ,
23:56
they find inspiration in it. That's awesome. Thankย  you so much, guys. It's amazing. Yeah. I feel veryย ย 
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๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์„œ ์˜๊ฐ์„ ์ฐพ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ณด๋‹ˆ ์ •๋ง ๋†€๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ต‰์žฅํ•˜๋„ค์š”. ์ •๋ง ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋†€๋ž๋‹ค. ์‘.
24:00
thankful for that. But this is me leaving youย  a little clue, you know, if you like the way Iย ย 
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋‹จ์„œ๋ฅผ ๋‚จ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ, ์ œ๊ฐ€
24:05
speak English, look, I paid attention to grammar.ย  Yeah? I actually studied grammar. I spent a fewย ย 
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์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋“œ์‹ ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”, ์ €๋Š” ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์— ์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์šธ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‘? ๋‚˜๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์„ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š”
24:12
years of my journey dedicating to that. So youย  don't have to love it, but here's a little clueย ย 
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ์ „๋…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ช‡ ๋…„์˜ ์—ฌ์ •์„ ๋ณด๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•  ํ•„์š”๋Š” ์—†์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋‹จ์„œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
24:17
for you. Maybe pay a little bit more attentionย  to it. Yeah. If you wanna sound maybe like, likeย ย 
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. ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์šธ์ด์„ธ์š” . ์‘. ๋‚˜์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด
24:22
me. Yeah. You know, if you have me as a, as yourย  English speaking model. Allright. It's the clue?ย 
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. ์‘. ์ €๋ฅผ ์˜์–ด ๊ตฌ์‚ฌ ๋ชจ๋ธ๋กœ ์‚ผ์œผ์…จ๋‹ค๋ฉด์š”. ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€. ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋‹จ์„œ์•ผ? ์ข‹์•„,
24:27
All right guys. So that's all we haveย  for this episode, so stay tuned for nextย ย 
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์–˜๋“ค์•„. ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ด๋ฒˆ ์—ํ”ผ์†Œ๋“œ์˜ ์ „๋ถ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์Œ
24:33
week's episode and we're looking forwardย  to seeing you all then. 1, 2, 3. Aww Awwย ย 
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์ฃผ ์—ํ”ผ์†Œ๋“œ๋ฅผ ๊ณ„์† ์ง€์ผœ๋ด ์ฃผ์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋•Œ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 1, 2, 3. ์œผ์•„์•„์•„์•„์•„์•„์•„์•„
24:48
yeah. yeah!
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์•„์•„์•„. ์‘!
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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