The Importance of Opposite Prepositions in Literal Phrasal Verbs

3,898 views ใƒป 2014-03-10

RealLife English


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
What's up, what's up, RealLife English?
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ใฉใ†ใ—ใŸใ€ใฉใ†ใ—ใŸใ€RealLife English?
00:01
This is Chad and in this episode of RealLife TV I'm going to teach you guys the importance
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ Chad ใงใ™ใ€‚RealLife TV ใฎใ“ใฎใ‚จใƒ”ใ‚ฝใƒผใƒ‰ใง
00:06
of opposite prepositions and how to use them with literal phrasal verbs. Aww yeah!
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ใฏใ€ๅๅฏพใฎๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใฎ้‡่ฆๆ€งใจใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ ใ‚’ๆ–‡ๅญ—้€šใ‚Šใฎๅฅๅ‹•่ฉžใงไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚ ใˆใˆใˆใˆ๏ผ
00:18
Is this RealLife?
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใƒชใ‚ขใƒซใƒฉใ‚คใƒ•ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
00:22
All right, guys, as you have probably noticed, English language is filled with prepositions,
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ใŠๆฐ—ใฅใใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ ่‹ฑ่ชžใซใฏๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใŒใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚Š
00:27
and we use this all the time. So, just to familiarize yourself with the prepositions
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ใ€็งใŸใกใฏใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ๅธธใซไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ใพใšๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใซๆ…ฃใ‚Œใ‚‹ใŸใ‚
00:32
first, let's have a look at some of the opposite prepositions.
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ใซใ€ๅๅฏพใฎๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใ‚’ใ„ใใคใ‹่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚
00:36
For example, in, out. On, off. You know, even up, down. Away, towards. Obviously, we can
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใ‚คใƒณใ€ใ‚ขใ‚ฆใƒˆใ€‚ ใ‚ชใƒณใ‚ชใƒ•ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ไธŠใง ใ‚‚ไธ‹ใงใ‚‚ใ€‚ ้›ขใ‚Œใฆใ€ๅ‘ใ‹ใฃใฆใ€‚ ๆ˜Žใ‚‰ใ‹ใซใ€
00:48
use some prepositions, we're also using adverbs as well, so, why is this so important in English?
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ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใ‚‚ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใงใฏใ€ใชใœใ“ใ‚ŒใŒ่‹ฑ่ชžใงใใ‚Œใปใฉ้‡่ฆใชใฎใงใ™ใ‹?
00:55
Well, I guess, especially for a Brazilian, you know the famous phrase "the book is on
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ใˆใˆใจใ€็‰นใซใƒ–ใƒฉใ‚ธใƒซไบบใซใจใฃใฆใฏใ€ ใ€ŒThe book is on the tableใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๆœ‰ๅใชใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„
01:02
the table." But what happens when the book falls? You say the book fell down? No. This
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๆœฌ ใŒ่ฝใกใŸใ‚‰ใฉใ†ใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ๆœฌใŒ่ฝใกใŸใฃใฆ่จ€ใ†ใฎ๏ผŸ ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œ
01:10
is when we start to implement opposite prepositions. So, now, I'm going to use the literal phrasal
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ใฏใ€ๅๅฏพใฎๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใ‚’ๅฎŸ่ฃ…ใ—ๅง‹ใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใใงใ™ใ€‚ ใงใฏใ€ๆ–‡ๅญ—้€šใ‚Šใฎๅฅๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จ
01:16
verb - "the book fell off the table." Why off? Because the book was on the table.
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ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€ŒๆœฌใŒใƒ†ใƒผใƒ–ใƒซใ‹ใ‚‰่ฝใกใŸใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใชใœ ใ‚ชใƒ•๏ผŸ ๆœฌใŒใƒ†ใƒผใƒ–ใƒซใฎไธŠใซใ‚ใฃใŸใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
01:24
Ok, let's have a look at another preposition, the preposition in. What is the opposite of
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ใงใฏใ€ๅˆฅใฎๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉž in ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚in ใฎๅๅฏพใฏไฝ•
01:30
in? If you said out, you'd be correct. So, let's say that my wallet is in my pocket.
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ใงใ™ใ‹? ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่จ€ใฃใŸใชใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๆญฃใ—ใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใงใฏใ€ ่ฒกๅธƒใŒใƒใ‚ฑใƒƒใƒˆใซๅ…ฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
01:40
But I want to reference the fact that it came... that it left my pocket, so I'm going to use
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€็งใฏใใ‚ŒใŒๆฅใŸใจใ„ใ†ไบ‹ๅฎŸใซ่จ€ๅŠใ—ใŸใ„... ใใ‚ŒใŒ็งใฎใƒใ‚ฑใƒƒใƒˆใ‚’้›ขใ‚ŒใŸใจใ„ใ†ไบ‹ๅฎŸใ‚’ๅ‚็…งใ—ใŸใ„ใฎใง
01:46
the opposite preposition. "My wallet fell out of my pocket." It was in my pocket, and
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ใ€ๅๅฏพใฎๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™. ใ€Œ ใƒใ‚ฑใƒƒใƒˆใ‹ใ‚‰่ฒกๅธƒใŒ่ฝใกใŸใ€‚ใ€ ใใ‚Œใฏ็งใฎใƒใ‚ฑใƒƒใƒˆใซๅ…ฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€ใใ—ใฆ
01:54
it fell out of my pocket. Again, I'm using the opposite preposition.
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ใใ‚Œใฏ็งใฎใƒใ‚ฑใƒƒใƒˆใ‹ใ‚‰่ฝใกใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใพใ™ใŒ ใ€ๅๅฏพใฎๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’ๅค‰ๆ›ดใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใ‚‹ใฎใง
02:00
This is going to really help your English because we can even change the verb, and it
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ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžใซๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใกใพใ™
02:05
makes the situation a lot more descriptive. Maybe the -wallet- didn't fall out of my pocket,
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ใ€‚็Šถๆณใ‚’ใ‚ˆใ‚Š่ชฌๆ˜Ž็š„ใซใ—ใพใ™. ่ฒกๅธƒใฏ็งใฎใƒใ‚ฑใƒƒใƒˆใ‹ใ‚‰่ฝใกใŸใฎใงใฏใชใใ€่ชฐใ‹ใŒ็งใฎใƒใ‚ฑใƒƒใƒˆใ‹ใ‚‰ๅ–ใ‚Šๅ‡บใ—ใŸใฎใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
02:11
but someone grabbed it out of my pocket.
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ใ€‚
02:15
So, depending on how the action moved, we're going to change the verb.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใŒใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๅ‹•ใ„ใŸใ‹ใซๅฟœใ˜ใฆ ใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’ๅค‰ๆ›ดใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:22
Ok, one more is the preposition up. The opposite would be down. So, this is very common, many
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OKใ€ใ‚‚ใ† 1 ใคใฏๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉž up ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅๅฏพ ใฏใƒ€ใ‚ฆใƒณใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้žๅธธใซไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๅคšใใฎ
02:29
people confuse this.
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ไบบใŒใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ๆททๅŒใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:31
So, let's say that I'm on the street and I'm driving my car, asking for directions. I asked
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ใงใฏใ€็งใŒ่ทฏไธŠใซใ„ใฆใ€่ปŠใ‚’้‹่ปขใ—ใฆ้“ใ‚’ๅฐ‹ใญใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚
02:38
someone "where is the shopping center," or "where is the mall?" And they say "go up the
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ใ€Œใ‚ทใƒงใƒƒใƒ”ใƒณใ‚ฐใ‚ปใƒณใ‚ฟใƒผใฏใฉใ“ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€ใพใŸใฏ ใ€Œใƒขใƒผใƒซใฏใฉใ“ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€ใจ่ชฐใ‹ใซๅฐ‹ใญใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ€Œ
02:46
street and it's on your left," but, there you go, he's putting the verb and the preposition.
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้€šใ‚Šใ‚’ไธŠใ‚‹ใจๅทฆๅดใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€ ใปใ‚‰ใ€ๅฝผใฏๅ‹•่ฉžใจๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใ‚’ๅ…ฅใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:52
If it was the opposite, it'd be to go down the street, in that case. They work as verbs,
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้€†ใ ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€้€šใ‚Šใ‚’ไธ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚‹ใ ใ‚ใ† ใ€ใใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏๅ‹•่ฉžใจใ—ใฆๆฉŸ่ƒฝใ—
03:00
go up and go down.
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ใ€ไธŠไธ‹ใซ็งปๅ‹•ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:02
But I can change the verb depending on how I'm doing the action. If I'm in my car, I
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใฎใ‚„ใ‚Šๆ–นใซๅฟœใ˜ใฆๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’ๅค‰ใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ ใ€‚ ่ปŠใซไน—ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚Œใฐ
03:09
can drive up the street, or drive down the street. If I'm on a bike, a bicycle, I would
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ใ€้€šใ‚Šใ‚’ใƒ‰ใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–ใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ€้€šใ‚Šใ‚’ใƒ‰ใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–ใ—ใŸใ‚Šใงใ ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚‚ใ—็งใŒ่‡ช่ปข่ปŠใซ
03:17
ride up or ride down the street.
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ไน—ใฃใฆใ„ใŸใ‚‰ใ€้€šใ‚Šใ‚’ไธŠใฃใŸใ‚Šไธ‹ใฃใŸใ‚Šใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:19
Ok, so this is pretty much how we use literal phrasal verbs. On my last video I explained
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ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใปใจใ‚“ใฉๆ–‡ๅญ—้€šใ‚Šใฎ ๅฅๅ‹•่ฉžใฎไฝฟใ„ๆ–นใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅ‰ๅ›žใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใง
03:27
to you what is the difference between literal and figurative phrasal verbs. If you haven't
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ใฏใ€ๆ–‡ๅญ—้€šใ‚Šใฎ ๅฅๅ‹•่ฉžใจๆฏ”ๅ–ฉ็š„ใชๅฅๅ‹•่ฉžใฎ้•ใ„ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใพใ 
03:32
seen it, click on this link and you'll go straight to that video right now.
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ใ”่ฆงใซใชใฃใฆใ„ใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใ“ใฎใƒชใƒณใ‚ฏใ‚’ใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚ไปŠใ™ใใใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใซ็›ดๆŽฅใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใ‚นใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
03:36
But, in the last video, I gave you an example of the phrasal verb to run out of something,
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๅ‰ๅ›žใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใงใฏ ใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ไฝฟใ„ๆžœใŸใ™ๅฅๅ‹•่ฉžใฎไพ‹ใ‚’็คบใ—ใ€
03:43
and I also told you that that was a literal phrasal verb. So, same principle, to run out
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ใใ‚ŒใŒๆ–‡ๅญ—้€šใ‚Šใฎๅฅๅ‹•่ฉžใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚ ๅ‰ๅ›žใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใง่จ€ใฃใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ๅปบ็‰ฉใ‹ใ‚‰้€ƒใ’ใ‚‹ใฎใจๅŒใ˜ๅŽŸๅ‰‡
03:51
of the building, which is what I said in the last video, the reason why I ran out of the
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03:57
building is because I was in the building.
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ใงใ™ใŒใ€็งใŒๅปบ็‰ฉใ‹ใ‚‰้€ƒใ’ๅ‡บใ—ใŸ็†็”ฑใฏใ€็งใŒๅปบ็‰ฉใฎไธญใซใ„ใŸใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
04:00
There you go, that's how we use opposite prepositions with literal phrasal verbs.
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ใปใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒๆ–‡ๅญ—้€šใ‚Šใฎๅฅๅ‹•่ฉžใงๅๅฏพใฎๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ• ใงใ™ใ€‚
04:06
All right, guys, that concludes this video. I hope you enjoyed it, if you want to know
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ใ‚ˆใ—ใ€็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใงใ“ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฏ็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚
04:10
anything else about prepositions, using phrasal verbs, we have a lot of information about
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ๅฅๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใซใคใ„ใฆไป–ใซไฝ•ใ‹็Ÿฅใ‚ŠใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆ ใฏใ€็งใŸใกใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใ“ใ‚Œใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹ๅคšใใฎๆƒ…ๅ ฑใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
04:16
this on our website. There's a link to our website in the box below.
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. ไธ‹ใฎใƒœใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใซๅฝ“็คพใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใธใฎใƒชใƒณใ‚ฏใŒใ‚ใ‚Š ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ฏใƒผใƒซใชใ‚‚ใฎ
04:20
We suggest you go there, because we have a lot of cool stuff. Also, if you want to see
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ใŒใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ใใ“ใซ่กŒใใ“ใจใ‚’ใŠๅ‹งใ‚ใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใพใŸใ€ใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ใ‚‚ใฃใจ่ฆ‹ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€YouTube ใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซ
04:24
more videos like this one, don't forget to subscribe to our YouTube channel, where you'll
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ใซ็™ป้Œฒใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„
04:27
be the first to receive all of our new videos.
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ใ€‚ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ใ™ในใฆๅ—ใ‘ๅ–ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
04:32
So, thanks a lot for watching, I hope to see you guys next time. Take it easy.
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ใ”่ฆง ใ„ใŸใ ใใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ๆฌกๅ›žใ‚‚ใŠไผšใ„ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ่ฝใก็€ใ„ใฆใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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