Intro to Linking: American English Pronunciation

184,234 views ใƒป 2010-09-24

Rachel's English


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:06
Today I simply want to introduce the concept of linking.
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ €๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์˜ ๊ฐœ๋…์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:11
Iโ€™ve had my blog for almost two years now,
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ 2๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ๋‚ด ๋ธ”๋กœ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ 
00:14
and have yet to explicitly mention this in a video as a topic.
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์•„์ง ๋น„๋””์˜ค์—์„œ ์ฃผ์ œ๋กœ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ช…์‹œ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:19
Itโ€™s high time.
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์„ฑ์ˆ˜๊ธฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:21
If everything else is pronounced correctly:
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00:24
stress, the particular sounds of a word, but words are not linked together,
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๊ฐ•์„ธ, ๋‹จ์–ด์˜ ํŠน์ • ์†Œ๋ฆฌ, ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์„œ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ์Œ๋œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์—๊ฒŒ๋Š”
00:30
it will still sound pretty strange to native speakers.
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์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์ด์ƒํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆด ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
00:33
It will sound very choppy.
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๋งค์šฐ ๊ณ ๋ฅด์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆด ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:35
Letโ€™s take for example the sentence, He told her to go to the park today.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋ณด์ž. ๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€์—๊ฒŒ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ๊ณต์›์— ๊ฐ€๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
00:40
He told her to go to the park today.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€์—๊ฒŒ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ๊ณต์›์— ๊ฐ€๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
00:43
He told her to go to the park today.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€์—๊ฒŒ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ๊ณต์›์— ๊ฐ€๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
00:46
That last time I said it, I tried to put a tiny pause between each word.
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ๋งํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๊ฐ ๋‹จ์–ด ์‚ฌ์ด์— ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ์„ ๋‘๋ ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:50
He told her to go to the park today.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€์—๊ฒŒ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ๊ณต์›์— ๊ฐ€๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
00:53
He told her to go to the park today.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€์—๊ฒŒ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ๊ณต์›์— ๊ฐ€๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
00:56
Can you tell the difference?
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์ฐจ์ด์ ์„ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๋“ค์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
00:57
Itโ€™s an important first step to be able to hear the difference.
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์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ฒซ ๋‹จ๊ณ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
01:01
To native speakers, this tiny gap between each word sounds very choppy.
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์›์–ด๋ฏผ์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ๊ฐ ๋‹จ์–ด ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ์ด ์ž‘์€ ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ์ด ๋งค์šฐ ๊ณ ๋ฅด์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:06
He told her to go to the park today.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€์—๊ฒŒ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ๊ณต์›์— ๊ฐ€๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
01:09
To me that is very smooth.
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๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ๋ถ€๋“œ๋Ÿฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:11
Can you hear that difference?
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๊ทธ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋‚˜์š”?
01:13
My students sometimes tell me that
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์ œ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์€ ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ์ €์—๊ฒŒ
01:15
when they pronounce wordsand sentences that way, that it feels very sloppy.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋‹จ์–ด์™€ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•  ๋•Œ ๋งค์šฐ ์—‰์„ฑํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋Š๊ปด์ง„๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:21
Weโ€™ll thatโ€™s ok.
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๊ดœ์ฐฎ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:22
If your native language is really different from English,
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๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋ชจ๊ตญ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์˜์–ด์™€ ์ •๋ง ๋‹ค๋ฅด๋‹ค๋ฉด ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ
01:26
then when you pronounce English correctly,
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๋ฐœ์Œํ•  ๋•Œ
01:28
it might feel very strange in your mouth.
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์ž…์—์„œ ๋งค์šฐ ์ด์ƒํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋Š๊ปด์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:31
Donโ€™t be shy about that.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ถ€๋„๋Ÿฌ์›Œํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
01:33
Linking is related to reduction, or reducing sounds.
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์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์€ ๊ฐ์†Œ ๋˜๋Š” ์†Œ๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ์†Œ์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:37
What is reduction? As you may already know from other videos,
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๊ฐ์†Œ๋ž€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋น„๋””์˜ค์—์„œ ์ด๋ฏธ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋“ฏ์ด
01:42
words in English will either be stressed or unstressed.
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์˜์–ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๊ฐ•์„ธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ฐ•์„ธ๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ•์„ธ
01:47
Unstressed words and syllables may be reduced.
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๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์™€ ์Œ์ ˆ์€ ์ค„์–ด๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:51
This means that a sound is either left out or changes.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์‚ฌ์šด๋“œ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๋žต๋˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ๋จ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:55
For example, the word โ€˜canโ€™ has the โ€˜aaโ€™ vowel sound.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด 'can'์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์—๋Š” 'aa' ๋ชจ์Œ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:00
But, it might reduce.
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๋‹จ, ์ค„์–ด๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:01
I can be there.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:02
Cn, cn.
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CN, CN.
02:04
There the word โ€˜canโ€™ is actually pronounced with the schwa sound: cn.
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๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์—์„œ 'can'์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ schwa ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ๋ฐœ์Œ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค: cn.
02:09
So that is what I mean by reduction.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ์†Œ์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:12
I say that linking and reduction are related.
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์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์ถ•์†Œ๊ฐ€ ๊ด€๋ จ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:15
And that is because if you are reducing something,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ค„์ธ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋งค์šฐ ์งง๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
02:18
youโ€™re either leaving off a sound or substituting a quicker vowel
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์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋นผ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋” ๋น ๋ฅธ ๋ชจ์Œ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ€์ฒดํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:23
in order to make that word very short.
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.
02:26
If youโ€™re making it very short,
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๋งค์šฐ ์งง๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
02:28
you donโ€™t want to make your phrase longer by adding gaps.
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๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ์„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ตฌ๋ฌธ์„ ๋” ๊ธธ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:32
So linking is the idea that you will take all the words of a sentence
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์€ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ทจํ•˜๊ณ  ๋งค๋„๋Ÿฝ๊ณ  ์œ ๋™์ ์ธ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด
02:37
and you wonโ€™t put any gaps between for a smooth and fluid sound.
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์‚ฌ์ด์— ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ์„ ๋‘์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
02:42
For example, in the sentence I can be there by three.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ I can be there by three.
02:46
I-c, I-c: you can hear how the kk sound of the second word
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I-c, I-c: ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋‹จ์–ด์˜ kk ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€
02:52
is attached to the first word: I-c, I-c.
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋‹จ์–ด I-c, I-c์— ๋ถ™๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋“ค์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:56
There is no break between those words.
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๊ทธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋“ค ์‚ฌ์ด์— ๋Š๊น€์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:58
I can be there by three.
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3์‹œ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
03:00
So keep this in mind as you listen to native speakers and do your best to imitate it.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์˜ ๋ง์„ ๋“ค์„ ๋•Œ ์ด ์ ์„ ์—ผ๋‘์— ๋‘๊ณ  ์ตœ์„ ์„ ๋‹คํ•ด ๋”ฐ๋ผํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ์ด๋ฅผ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋„๋ก
03:06
There will be videos in the future that will cover specific concepts
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03:10
in linking and reduction to help you practice this.
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์—ฐ๊ฒฐ ๋ฐ ์ถ•์†Œ์˜ ํŠน์ • ๊ฐœ๋…์„ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๋Š” ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ํ–ฅํ›„ ์ œ๊ณต๋  ์˜ˆ์ •์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
03:15
Thatโ€™s it, and thanks so much for using Rachelโ€™s English.
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์ด์ƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Rachel์˜ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด ์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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