Why English Pronunciation is so Hard

1,311,783 views ใƒป 2012-02-14

Rachel's English


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
Today we're going to take a look at why studying English pronunciation can be so hard.
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใ€ ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎ็™บ้Ÿณใ‚’ๅ‹‰ๅผทใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใŒใจใฆใ‚‚้›ฃใ—ใ„็†็”ฑใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใใพใ™ใ€‚
00:14
Let's step through a series of words and see what happens to the sounds as we change some
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ไธ€้€ฃใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ใ‚นใƒ†ใƒƒใƒ—ใ‚นใƒซใƒผใ—ใฆใ€ ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎๆ–‡ๅญ—ใ‚’ๅค‰ๆ›ดใ™ใ‚‹ใจ้ŸณใŒใฉใ†ใชใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
00:20
of the letters. Through. Step through. That's a good place to start. Through, a preposition,
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ใ€‚ ็ต‚ใˆใŸใ€‚ ใ‚นใƒ†ใƒƒใƒ—ใ‚นใƒซใƒผใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏ ๅง‹ใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใซ่‰ฏใ„ๅ ดๆ‰€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚’้€šใ—ใฆใ€ๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉž
00:29
a handy little word, begins with the unvoiced TH. Th, the R consonant, thr-, and the oo
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ใ€ไพฟๅˆฉใชๅฐใ•ใชๅ˜่ชžใฏใ€็„กๅฃฐใฎTHใงๅง‹ใพใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚ Thใ€Rๅญ้Ÿณใ€thr-ใ€ใŠใ‚ˆใณoo
00:38
vowel. Through. Through. Now what would happen if we drop the R? Thoo, thoo, no, that's not
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ๆฏ้Ÿณใ€‚ ็ต‚ใˆใŸใ€‚ ็ต‚ใˆใŸใ€‚ Rใ‚’่ฝใจใ™ใจใฉใ†ใชใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€‚ ใƒˆใ‚ฅใƒผใ€ใƒˆใ‚ฅใƒผใ€ใ„ใ‚„ใ€ใใ†ใงใฏใชใ„
00:47
right. Through, drop the R, not thoo, but actually, though. So, the TH, th, th, is now
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ใ€‚ ใ‚นใƒซใƒผใงใฏใชใใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏRใ‚’ใƒ‰ใƒญใƒƒใƒ—ใ— ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€THใ€thใ€thใŒ
00:58
voiced. And the vowel sound has changed to the OH diphthong. Though. Ok. What would happen
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็™บๅฃฐใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆๆฏ้Ÿณ ใŒOHไบŒ้‡ๆฏ้Ÿณใซๅค‰ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ‘ใ‚Œใฉใ€‚ Okใ€‚
01:07
if we add a T? Thowt. Thowt. No, that's not right. That word is pronounced 'thought'.
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Tใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใฉใ†ใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใƒˆใƒผใƒˆใ€‚ ใƒˆใƒผใƒˆใ€‚ ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใใ†ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ› ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใใฎๅ˜่ชžใฏใ€Œๆ€่€ƒใ€ใจ็™บ้Ÿณใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
01:18
Ok, so we've switched back to an unvoiced TH, now we have the AW vowel, and a final
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ใ•ใฆใ€็„กๅฃฐใฎTHใซๅˆ‡ใ‚Šๆ›ฟใˆใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใงใ€AWๆฏ้Ÿณใจใ€ๆœ€ๅพŒใฎ
01:27
T. Thought. Thought. Ok.
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T.ThoughtใŒใงใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ่€ƒใˆใ€‚ Okใ€‚
01:32
So what would happen if we drop the TH and add a B? Thought becomes bought. And that
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ใงใฏใ€THใ‚’ๅ‰Š้™คใ—ใฆBใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใฉใ†ใชใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ‹ใ€‚ ๆ€่€ƒใŒ่ฒทใ‚ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œ
01:39
IS how that word is pronounced. Excellent! Bought. Now what would happen if we drop the final
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ใฏใใฎๅ˜่ชžใŒใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ็™บ้Ÿณใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‹ใงใ™ใ€‚ ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„๏ผ ่ฒทใฃใŸใ€‚ ๆœ€ๅพŒใฎTใ‚’่ฝใจใ™ใจใฉใ†ใชใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹
01:46
T? Bought becomes bah. But it doesn't, it's not pronounced 'bah'. It's pronounced bough.
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๏ผŸ ่ฒทใฃใŸใฎใฏใƒใƒใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใใ†ใงใฏใชใใ€ ใ€Œbahใ€ใจ็™บ้Ÿณใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏ็™บ้Ÿณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๆžใงใ™ใ€‚
01:57
Ok, so the AW vowel changes to the 'ow' diphthong. Bough, bough. Ok. What would happen now if
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ใ•ใฆใ€AWๆฏ้Ÿณใฏใ€Œowใ€ไบŒ้‡ๆฏ้Ÿณใซๅค‰ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆžใ€ๆžใ€‚ Okใ€‚
02:08
we switched out the B for a C? Bough becomes cow. Yes! Cow is a word. But wait, that's
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Bใ‚’Cใซๅˆ‡ใ‚Šๆ›ฟใˆใŸใ‚‰ใฉใ†ใชใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€‚ ๆžใฏ ็‰›ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใฏใ„๏ผ ็‰›ใฏ่จ€่‘‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๅพ…ใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€ใใ‚Œ
02:16
now how cow is spelled, this is how cow is spelled. So this, even though it was bough,
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ใŒ็‰›ใฎ็ถดใ‚Šๆ–นใงใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒ็‰›ใฎ ็ถดใ‚Šๆ–นใงใ™ใ€‚ ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒๅ’ณใงใ‚ใฃใŸใจใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใ€
02:25
isn't cow, it's cough. Cough. So we have the AW vowel, and somehow, an F consonant has
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็‰›ใงใฏใชใใ€ๅ’ณใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅ’ณใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ AWๆฏ้ŸณใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใฉใ†ใ„ใ†ใ‚ใ‘ใ‹ใ€Fๅญ้ŸณใŒ
02:37
crept in. Cough. Ok, cough. What would happen then if we drop the C, add an EN? Since it
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ๅฟใณ่พผใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ’ณใ€‚ ใฏใ„ใ€ๅ’ณใ‚’ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ Cใ‚’ๅ‰Š้™คใ—ใ€ENใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใฉใ†ใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
02:50
was cough, surely this must be enough. No, that's not what it is. It's enough. So the
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ๅ’ณใ ใฃใŸใฎใงใ€ใใฃใจใ“ใ‚Œใงๅๅˆ†ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ ใใ‚Œใฏใใ†ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏๅๅˆ†ใ ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€
03:01
AW vowel changes to the UH vowel. But somehow that F sound stays in there. Enough, enough.
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AWๆฏ้ŸณใฏUHๆฏ้Ÿณใซๅค‰ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใฉใ†ใ„ใ†ใ‚ใ‘ใ‹ ใ€ใใฎFใ‚ตใ‚ฆใƒณใƒ‰ใฏใใ“ใซใจใฉใพใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅๅˆ†ใ€ๅๅˆ†ใ€‚
03:12
And I think that's about what I've had. I think I've had about enough of OUGH and its
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ็งใŒๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใŸใ‚‚ใฎใซใคใ„ใฆใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ OUGHใจใใฎ
03:19
thousands of pronunciations. That's it, I'm out.
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ไฝ•ๅƒใ‚‚ใฎ็™บ้Ÿณใฏๅๅˆ†ใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€็งใฏๅ‡บใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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